I-piranha ejwayelekile (lat. Pygocentrus natterera, kanye ne-Nutterera piranha, ebomvu-ebomvu, ibomvu) yinhlanzi enomlando wayo, ngoba igcinwe emanzini angaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60.

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-piranha, olutholakala kabanzi emvelweni, ikakhulukazi e-Amazon nase-Orinoco.

I-piranha ebomvu enobomvu ibukeka kahle ngokunethezeka lapho ikhula ngokomoya. Umhlane wakhe unombala wensimbi, wonke umzimba uyisiliva, futhi isisu sakhe, umphimbo, ne-anal fin zibomvu ngokugqamile.

Le ngenye yamaphilisi amakhulu kakhulu, afinyelela kuma-33 cm, yize ivame ukuba yincane ku-aquarium. Ngokwemvelo, uhlala ngamaphakethe abantu abangama-20, ngakho-ke, kulula kubo ukuzingela, kepha bangabi yizisulu bona uqobo.

I-piranha ebomvu-ubomvu ibhekwa njengoyingozi kakhulu kubo bonke abamele le nhlobo etholakala emvelweni.

Yize kungakhethi okondlayo futhi kunzima kakhulu, kuyanconywa ukuyigcina kuphela kubasizi bamanzi abanolwazi. Yinhlanzi edla inyama enamazinyo abukhali impela.

Ukulimala okuningi kwasemanzini kwenzeka ngokunganaki, kodwa nokho kungcono ukuthi ungaphindi uthathe izandla zakho ku-aquarium futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka kakhulu ngekhwalithi yamanzi.

Inhlanzi inyamazane futhi ngokuqinisekile ayifaneleleli iqhaza ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Bangakwazi ukuhlala e-aquarium bebodwa, kepha kungcono ukuyigcina ifana yonke kwiphakethe.

Kodwa-ke, ngisho naseqenjini elibunjiwe, amacala okuhlukumeza kanye nokugcotshwa kwemvelo yidiya akujwayelekile. Njengomthetho, inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke futhi evelele iyenyuka esikoleni. Uthatha izindawo ezinhle kakhulu nezokuqala ukudla. Noma yimuphi umzamo wokuphonsela inselelo isimo samanje sezinto uphela ngokulwa noma ukulimaze umphikisi.

Ungazama okuqukethwe nezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu ezivela ezihlotsheni ezihlobene naye, ngokwesibonelo, ngepakethe elimnyama ngenkathi esemusha.

Kwinhlanzi eyodwa, i-aquarium yamalitha ayi-150 yanele, kepha esikoleni udinga enye ebanzi. Badla okuningi futhi ngokulangazela, beshiya inqwaba yemfucuza, futhi badinga isihlungi sangaphandle esinamandla.

Habitat

Kusatshalaliswa kahle endaweni yonke yezindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, kuhlala kuwo wonke umfula oMfula i-Amazon kanye nemikhawulo yawo, nasemachibini nasezigodini ezinamachibi eningizimu nentshonalanga yeBrazil. Izinhlobo ezihlwanyelayo, zithanda ukuhlala emaqenjini amakhulu abantu abaningana, zidla izilwane ezifile futhi zidle inyamazane.

Incazelo

Umzimba omude onamandla ocindezelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikhanda elikhulu elinomhlathi we-convex, linamachashaza anemigqa yamazinyo abukhali. Umsila omkhulu futhi oqinile okuvumela ukuthi usheshise futhi ubambe ucezwana lwezinyamazane endaweni yomzabalazo wezihlobo. Umbala womzimba ubampunga okhanyayo, oyinsimbi ngombala ngezinhlamvu zesiliva, sengathi inhlanzi igqitshwe amachashazi akhazimulayo, isisu sibomvu ngokugqamile.

Umsoco

Izinhlobo ezi-carnivorous, e-aquarium yasekhaya awukwazi ukondla hhayi kuphela izinhlanzi eziphilayo, kodwa futhi unikeze izingcezu zenyama, ama-mussels, ama-shrimp omfula, izinambuzane, izilwanyane zomhlaba. Akukho ukudla okwomile kwezimboni kuvunyelwe; iPiranhas ngeke ikudle.

Indlela yokondleka isho umthwalo omkhulu ku-aquarium biosystem, ngakho-ke, izihlungi ezikhiqizayo kanye nokushintshwa kwamanzi ngo-30-50% njalo emavikini amabili kuyimfuneko. Musa ukweqa imishini yokuhlunga, kuzodingeka uthenge izihlungi eziningana ze-canister, ngaphezu kwalokho, eyodwa yazo kufanele isebenze ngenhliziyo, isebenza njengesipele uma kungenzeka yephule okokuhlunga okukodwa. Eminye imishini edingekayo: i-aerator, i-heater, uhlelo lokukhanyisa amandla aphansi.
Emklamo, hlinzeka ngendawo enkulu yokubhukuda enkabeni namathanga aminyene wezitshalo ezinhlangothini ze-aquarium, kanye nezindawo zokukhosela eziningana kusuka kubosay, izimpande noma izinto zokwenziwa (imikhumbi, izinqaba, njll.). Inhlabathi kusuka esihlabathini noma kugrabhi omuhle.

Ukuziphatha komphakathi

Ukubukeka okunolaka nolunamahloni kunamahloni amaningi ngasikhathi sinye, ikakhulukazi uma eyedwa noma ebhangqiwe, nganoma yikuphi ukungqongqoza noma umsindo omkhulu, uPiranha uzama ukucasha, ukucasha. Ayihambisani nezinye izinhlanzi, ngakho-ke kuphela uhlobo lwe-aquarium olungele yona. Kunconywa ukugcina okungenani abantu abangu-10 emhlambini, ngokuphelele kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-30. Iqembu linendawo ebusayo, inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke futhi eqinile izofuna izingcezu ezinhle kakhulu zokudla bese iqhuba okubuthakathaka okuncane. I-Cannibalism isakazekile, izinhlanzi ezibuthakathaka nezigulayo zizodliwa yizihlobo, ngakho-ke thola izinhlanzi ezinempilo kuphela, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zomonakalo zangaphandle.

Piranha pacu

Paku - lawa ama-piranhas, okuthi, yize abukeka ebabazekayo nezinto ezinhle zomhlathi, azesabisi kangako, ngoba imifino ye-piranha . Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, ososayensi bahlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zamaphayini wamanzi angaphansi kweSouth America, bekhetha ukudla kwesitshalo ngokuyinhloko kwimenyu yabo.

Zinamazinyo ayingqayizivele, kancane njengamazinyo abantu. Amazinyo anjalo asebenza njengesikhwama sokuchoboza amantongomane nembewu, adla okunye ukudla kwesitshalo okunothile ku-fiber.

Kodwa-ke, uma ugcina i-paca e-aquarium, kusadingeka uqaphele kakhulu ukuze izinhlanzi zingakulimazi ngengozi isandla sakho lapho, ngokwesibonelo, uhlanza i-aquarium.

Mileus Redfin Noma Mileus Moon

Mileus - kunalokho izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ezithanda ukuthula, ezigcinwe ezikoleni. Indawo abasatshalaliswa kuyo yi-Amazon Basin, amadamu ahlukahlukene eGuana neSuriname. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-mileus angakhula afike kuma-35 cm, ezimeni zokufakelwa - aze afike ku-15 cm. Isikhathi sokuphila - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10. I-Mileus ingezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingenakubekelwa phansi, ngakho-ke zilungele iziqalo zasemanzini ezingenakuqala. Ezimweni zokwenziwa, ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm.

I-Mileus ihlangana kalula e-aquarium nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Njengoba izitshalo zenza ukudla kwazo kwemvelo, akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izimila bukhoma ngesikhathi sokuhlobisa. Izinto ezingaphili zifanelana kangcono, noma ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zilungile, ngokwesibonelo, i-Thai fern noma iJavanese moss, ngoba izinhlanzi eziningi ezine-herbivorous azizidli. Naphezu kwemikhuba yakhe yokudla esekwe ezitshalweni, mileusam noma kunjalo, ingxenye yamaprotheni ekudleni nayo iyadingeka, ngakho-ke kufanele nayo iphathwe ngokudla okubukhoma, ngokwesibonelo, ama-bloodworms.

I-pacu ebomvu

I-pacu ebomvuColossomabidens (bidentate). I-Habitat - INingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi e-Amazon kanye nezinsizakusebenza zayo, abantu bayisebenzisa njengezinhlanzi zokuhweba (futhi ngubani, kulokhu, odlayo?).

Yize ifana kakhulu ne-piranha, i-nyekundu ayi akufaki ukudla kwenyama ekudleni kwayo (mhlawumbe inani elincane lamazinyo liyathinta?). Emvelweni, ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko kuyizinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zamanzi ahlanzekile. Izinhlanzi ezincane zikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele: ngonyaka wokuqala, i-pacu ebomvu ingaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ingafinyelela ku-30 ​​cm. Ubude obukhulu babantu abadala bufika ku-80 cm ngesisindo sama-25 kg, e-aquarium izinkomba ezinjalo kunzima kakhulu ukufezekisa. Isilinganiso sokuphila esirekhodiwe esise-aquarium yiminyaka engama-28.

I-piranha ebomvu

I-Red Piranha (Rooseveltiellanatt audi ) inombala obomvu kupende wesifunda sesisu kuphela esemncane. Emvelweni wemvelo, ikhula ize ibe ngu-30 cm (e-aquarium - ingabi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm enesisindo esingafika ku-1.5 kg) - inhlanzi enkulu ngokulingene, umnqumo wesiliva owenziwe ngombala obomvu noma o-lilac, glare ekhanyayo ngemuva, umsila ohlukaniswe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani ohlangothini, isisu esine-tinge ye-orange eyezwakalayo (gazinga abe namabala amnyama aqaphelekayo anyamalala ngobudala). Umzimba uphezulu, ucindezelwe kamuva, ikhanda likhulu ngomhlathi, "njenge-bulldog." Inomlomo omkhulu onamazinyo we-bevel abukhali kakhulu, anemiphetho eyenziwe ngamaserna, lawo angenhla avumelana ngokuqinile phakathi kwegebe nalawo aphansi.Isifuba, kanye nesisekelo samaphiko we-pectoral ne-anal, kupende obomvu okukhanyayo, izinhlangothi zinamachashazi agqamile. Ngokuvamile, umbala we-piranha obomvu ubukeka kakhulu! Isifiso sempilo yama-piranhas abomvu ku-aquarium isukela eminyakeni engu-6 kuye kweli-15.

I-Piranhas zingezenhlanzi ezifunda esikoleni futhi zidinga izindawo ezinkulu zokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi ukuze uzigcine. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, e-aquarium engu-500 l. Kunconywa ukuthi uqukethe izinhlanzi ezi-7. Ama-Piranhas athanda amanzi ahlanzwe kahle, aerated.

Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokuhlunga kufanele lukhethwe kucatshangelwa umthwalo owandayo ku-biofilter, kungcono ukufaka isihlungi sangaphandle ngokunikeza okuphindwe kabili kwevolumu ekhonjiswe abakhiqizi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi 25 - 27 ° C, pH 5.8 - 7. Ubulukhuni: 2 - 12 dHG. Njalo, okungenani kanye ngesonto, izinguquko zamanzi ziyadingeka, okungenani ama-20%. Kusukela piranhas kukhona izinhlanzi ezinamahloni (obengacabanga!), i-aquarium kufanele ibe nezindawo zokukhosela ezanele zemvelo: amatshe, ama-grottoes, izixha zezimila.

Ukondla ama-piranhas kungenziwa ngenhlanzi yasolwandle engenasawoti enamafutha, ngemuva kokuyithambisa futhi kukhipha amanzi ngenhlwayi ebunjiwe, isikwati, inhliziyo yenkomo nesibindi. IPiranhas iyokujabulela ukuququda emswaneni, idle umhlonyane noma umbungu. Kulapho kudliwa khona lapho kuvezwa khona umlingiswa wazo odumile ongavinjelwe!

I-piranha ejwayelekile (i-Latin Pygocentrus natterera, kanye ne-Nutterera piranha, i-piranha ebomvu, i-piranha ebomvu) yinhlanzi enomlando wayo, ngoba igcinwe ezindaweni zasemanzini isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-piranha, olutholakala kabanzi emvelweni, ikakhulukazi e-Amazon nase-Orinoco.

I-piranha ebomvu enobomvu ibukeka kahle ngokunethezeka lapho ikhula ngokomoya. Umhlane wakhe unombala wensimbi, wonke umzimba uyisiliva, futhi isisu sakhe, umphimbo, ne-anal fin zibomvu ngokugqamile. Le ngenye yamaphilisi amakhulu kakhulu, afinyelela kuma-33 cm, yize ivame ukuba yincane ku-aquarium. Ngokwemvelo, uhlala ngamaphakethe abantu abangama-20, ngakho-ke, kulula kubo ukuzingela, kepha bangabi yizisulu bona uqobo. I-piranha ebomvu ibhekwa njengokubi kunazo zonke izinhlobo zama-piranha atholakala emvelweni.

Yize kungakhethi okondlayo futhi kunzima kakhulu, kuyanconywa ukuyigcina kuphela kubasizi bamanzi abanolwazi. Yinhlanzi edla inyama enamazinyo abukhali impela. Ukulimala okuningi kwasemanzini kwenzeka ngokunganaki, kodwa nokho kungcono ukuthi ungaphindi uthathe izandla zakho ku-aquarium futhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka kakhulu ngekhwalithi yamanzi.

Izinhlanzi ze-Piranha aquarium ziyizilwane ezidliwayo futhi ngokuqinisekile azifanelekanga indima ethile e-aquarium ejwayelekile. Bangakwazi ukuhlala e-aquarium bebodwa, kepha kungcono ukuyigcina ifana yonke kwiphakethe. Kodwa-ke, ngisho naseqenjini elibunjiwe, amacala okuhlukumeza kanye nokugcotshwa kwemvelo yidiya akujwayelekile. Njengomthetho, inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke futhi evelele iyenyuka esikoleni. Uthatha izindawo ezinhle kakhulu nezokuqala ukudla. Noma yimuphi umzamo wokuphonsela inselelo isimo samanje sezinto uphela ngokulwa noma ukulimaze umphikisi. Ungazama okuqukethwe nezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu ezihlobene naye, ngokwesibonelo, ngenkathi esemusha.
Kwi-piranha eyodwa, i-aquarium yamalitha ayi-150 yanele, kepha kwiphakethe udinga enye ebanzi. Badla okuningi futhi ngokulangazela, beshiya inqwaba yemfucuza, futhi badinga isihlungi sangaphandle esinamandla.

I-piranha ejwayelekile eyenzakalisayo noma i-Nutterera piranha (uPygocentrus nattameli ngaphambili, uSerrasalmus nattameli noRooseveltiella nattereri) okokuqala wachazwa ngo-1858 nguKner. Kunokuphikisana okukhulu ngegama lesayensi elithi piranha, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lisazoshintsha, kepha okwamanje sesizinze kuP. Natt audi.
IPiranha ihlala kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Melika: iVenezuela, iBrazil, iPeru, iBolivia, iParaguay, i-Argentina, iColombia, i-Ecuador ne-Uruguay. Izimpilo eAmazon, Orinoco, Parana kanye neminye imifula eminingi engenakubalwa.

Ihlala emifuleni, emfucumfucwini, emifuleni emincane. Futhi emachibini amakhulu, amachibi, ihlathi elinezikhukhula namathafa. Bazingela ngamaphakethe abantu abangama-20 kuye kwangama-30.Badla konke okungadliwa: inhlanzi, iminenke, izitshalo, ama-invertebrates, ama-amphibians.

Ukuzala

Okokuqala, i-aquarium kufanele ibe sendaweni ethule lapho kungekho khona ozophazamisa izinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanzi kufanele ihambisane (umhlambi omude, onesihlokwana esithuthukisiwe). Ukuze uqhume ngempumelelo, kudingeka amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu - ubuncane be-ammonia ne-nitrate, ph 6.5-7.5, izinga lokushisa 28 C, kanye ne-aquarium enkulu lapho umusi ongahlukanisa khona insimu yawo.

Silungele ukusatshalaliswa, lo mbhangqwana ukhetha indawo yokunwebeka, onogada abanolaka. Umbala wepiranhas uyaba mnyama, bese aqala ukwakha isidleke ngezansi, adwengula izitshalo nangamatshe ahambayo. Lapha, insikazi imaka amaqanda, owesilisa uwafaka ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokusaphaza, owesilisa uzoqapha amaqanda futhi ahlasele wonke umuntu osondela kuye.

ICaviar iwolintshi ngombala, izodonsa ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, izibungu zizokondla ngenxa ye-yolk sac, ngemuva kwalokho izotanta. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, gazinga litshalwe ku-aquarium yokukhula. Qaphela, owesilisa angakwazi ngisho nokuhlasela into, avikele gazinga.

Njengoba sekuvele ukuba nefry, ama-piranha adinga kakhulu ukudla. Zidinga ukondliwa nge-naupileia brine shrimp, izinsuku zokuqala, bese ufaka i-cereal, i-bloodworms, i-daphnia, njll. Udinga ukondla gazinga kaningi, kathathu kuya kathathu ngosuku. Ukukhula okusha kushesha kakhulu, kufinyelela amasentimitha ngenyanga.

Meyi 29, 2014 admin

Idumela lale nhlanzi lonakaliswa ngokungenathemba yi-cinema. Izindaba ezethusayo zilandisa ngokuba negazi kwakhe okumangalisayo. I-rumor inokuthi umhlambi walezi zinhlanzi ungashona phansi kwesidumbu sesidumbu. Yini esingayisho ngendoda. Kepha kungokwemvelo yomuntu ukukhipha izinzwa. Akesabi ukuthi, ngolimi lwendawo, igama elithi “piranha” lisho “inhlanzi ethukuthele”. Futhi manje indoda isivele izalela umhlali onolaka wase-Amazon endaweni yakhe yasemanzini.

IPiranha yajoyina iqoqo lezinhlanzi zase-aquarium maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Futhi wazinza kahle kuzo. Akekho umuntu osangene kulokhu i-niche yezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile ezidla ubhedu.

Isimilo sePiranha

IPiranha ingeyomndeni wakwaCharacion, i-cyprinids. Ukuphila emanzini acwebile aseNingizimu Melika . Inezinhlobo eziningi nama-subspecies, okuvame kakhulu futhi kudume kakhulu kuwo yi-piranha ejwayelekile, futhi yiyona ebomvu.

I-Piranha iyinhlanzi yezinhlanzi zasemanzini ezivamile futhi ezibizayo, ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe abaluleki ukuthi kuthengwe leyondawo edla ubhedu ezindleleni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Okuncamelayo ezitolo ezikhethekile nabasebenza emanzini abathenjiwe.

Lapho uthenga umuntu obukeka ngokuphelele ophile ngokuphelele, kuzofanele abekwe endaweni ehlala abantu isikhathi esingangesonto. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela, uma izinhlanzi zingazange zibone noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphazamisayo, ezingadluliselwa endaweni yokuhlala yaphakade.

Kubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha inhlanzi oyithengayo, kufanele ubheke ukusebenza kwayo, uhlole ukubukeka kokungabikho kwamagungqubu angajwayelekile kanye nama-bulge emzimbeni, izilonda, ukunamathela, ukugoqa kwamafu, ukulimala esikalini. Izinhlanzi kufanele zibe nesifiso sokudla, ikakhulukazi ezinamandla njenge-piranha. Khuthala futhi ungabi nokuxhumana okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze uhlole ngempela isimo nesimo sokuthenga, inqubo yokutholwa kumele ihambisane nokuzethula. Lapho ihanjiswa nguthumeli, akunakwenzeka ukuhlola impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo, noma ukubona izimo zokugcinwa kwayo endaweni ethengiswayo.

Izindleko ze-piranha ngokuya ngohlobo nobudala. Imvamisa, umuntu oyedwa ubiza ama-ruble ayi-1,500 - 3,000. Izindatshana ezingavamile kakhulu ezibiza kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, intengo ingafinyelela ku-ruble eziyizinkulungwane eziningana zezinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu.

Idivaysi ye-Aquarium, imishini

Ukuze kulondolozwe ngempumelelo i-piranha, kuyadingeka ukubheka izici zayo eziphilayo futhi, ngokusho kwabo, kuyinikeza izimo zokuphila ezintofontofo.

1. I-aquarium ebanzi.
   Umthamo ubalwa ngokuya ngokujwayelekile - amalitha ayi-10 amanzi kuwo wonke ama-3 cm ubude bezinhlanzi. Kuvela ukuthi kubantu ababili kudingeka i-aquarium enamalitha ayi-150, umhlambi wamaphayiphu amancane angama-5-8 udinga i-200-litre. Kwinkampani endala, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-300-500 isivele ifiseleka.
   Lokhu akuyona into emfushane noma ukunethezeka, kepha kunesidingo esiphuthumayo esibangelwa isimo esinamandla sale nhlanzi. I-piranha encane yendawo, isihibe.
2. Inani elikhulu lezindawo zokukhosela.
   Kubo bonke ubutha bayo, ipiranha yinhlanzi enamahloni. Udinga izindawo ezifihliwe - i-driftwood, izindlu, imihume, amatshe, lapho angacasha khona uma kungaba nengozi noma ngengozi yangempela.
   Izitshalo, eziphilayo noma zokwenziwa, nazo ziyadingeka e-aquarium. Imvamisa itshalwa ngokunqenqema nakuwo wonke umngcele.
   Ama-Shelter nezitshalo zithatha i-2/3 yevolumu ephelele ye-piranha aquarium.
3. Isihlungi esinamandla.
   Ngenxa ye-voracity yayo, i-piranha ikhiqiza imfucuza eningi. Ukuze zingaqongeleli emanzini futhi zingayifaki ubuthi, udinga isihlungi esinamandla sokuhlanza.
4. I-compressor enhle.
   Ukuze uhlale ukhululekile, i-piranha idinga amanzi ahlanzekile anomoya-mpilo. I-compressor ethembekile ibalulekile.
5. I-heater yamanzi kanye ne-thermometer.
   IPiranha iyisakhamuzi samazwe afudumele namanzi afudumele. Ukhululekile kuphela lapho amanzi enokushisa okungenani ama-23 degrees. Uma ufuna le nhlanzi icabange ngokuzala, khona-ke amazinga okushisa kufanele enziwe afudumele - ama-degrees angama-26.

Ungayondla kanjani i-piranha

IPiranha ayikhathaleli ekudleni, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi zingondliwa kunanoma yini. Kukhona imithetho kanye nokulinganiselwa. Okokuqala, kufanele unqume ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwe-piranha onalo - oluhle kakhulu noma oluyimifino.

Okondla, udinga ukukhetha indawo encane evulekile ku-aquarium. Futhi uqaphele ngokuqinile irejimeni yokondla - isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku, imizuzu emibili. Uma phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukudla kungakathathwa, izinsalela kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha ku-aquarium. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ngoba ukungaqondakali kwe-piranha kuyaziwa: akukuqoqi ukudla okuvela phansi kwephansi kwe-aquarium.

Kuyathakazelisa! IPiranha indiva ukudla okuncane kakhulu. Usayizi wayo kufanele ulingane emihlathini yawo.

Ama-Piranhas athanda izinto ezihlukahlukene . Ukuze uzinikeze, kuzodingeka ukuthi uqoqe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokudla: izinhlanzi ezincane zolwandle, umhluzi omncane, inyama ye-squid, iminyundu, igazi, izidladla, amasele, imifino emisha - i-zucchini, amazambane, isipinashi, izaqathi.

Ngokuqondene nenyama yezilwane ezincelisayo, ngenxa yemvelo yayo emangalisayo, i-piranha izoyidla, kepha ochwepheshe abancomi ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokudla ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu.

1. Ubuningi benyama ekudleni kuholela ekukhuluphisweni kwezinhlanzi.
2. Ukugaya kuphukile futhi umbala wenhlanzi ulahlekile.
3. Amanzi angcolisiwe e-aquarium.

I-piranha enempilo inesifiso esihle sokudla . Ngosuku adla inqwaba yokudla okulingana nesisindo sayo.

Ngezikhathi ezithile - izikhathi ezi-2-4 ngenyanga, i-piranha e-carnivorous idinga ukuhlela izinsuku zokuzila - imifino ukuze ingakhathali.

Kuyathakazelisa! Bonga isikhathi futhi bazibonakalise bengukudla okuhle komile kwepiranha. Banokwakheka okulinganiselayo, kukhona amavithamini kanye namaminerali adingekayo kwezinhlanzi.

Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka, izindlela zokuqapha

IPiranha kulula ukuyinakekela. Kepha kunezinto ezi-3 umuntu wasemanzini okufanele azenze ngokufanele futhi njalo uma efuna ukuthi izinyanya zakhe ziphilile futhi zijabule.

1. Gcina amanzi ehlanzekile.
   • Ukuze wenze lokhu, kanye ngesonto, i-10% lamanzi aphelele e-aquarium athathelwa indawo. Ushintsho lwamanzi lwenziwa kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe ushintsho olubukhali ezimweni zokuthi kukhona izinhlanzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abahlaseli abade begazi bangacindezelwa.
2. Qapha ukwakheka kwamanzi.
   • Kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwamanzi njalo. Izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngesonto kukalwa amanzi e-ammonia. I-acidity kufanele ibe ngu-6 - 7, ukuqina - 6-15.
3. Gada izinga lokushisa kwamanzi.
   • Ukuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini abandayo kungabulala i-piranha. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingama-25-27 degrees.

Kukhona esinye isimo ukuthi i-piranha ibaluleke kakhulu - inkampani. Lesi yisikole senhlanzi. Uzizwa enesizungu. Ngaphandle kwepakethe, iba namahloni ngokweqile futhi ikhule kahle.

Kubalulekile! Ochwepheshe baluleka ukuthi baqale ukugcwala e-aquarium ngezinhlanzi ezingama-3-5 zonyaka nobukhulu obufanayo - ukuze ezinkulu zingadli ezincane, ziziphathe kabi ngokudla.

Ngaphandle kwemithetho elula yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwama-piranhas, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi lezi zidla izitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, olwandle olungamanzi futhi olugazi kakhulu lwezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile ahlala eMhlabeni.

Kukhona izindlela ezi-4 ezibalulekile zokugcina ama-piranhas ekhaya.

1. Awukwazi ukubeka i-aquarium nge-piranhas ephansi, ikakhulukazi uma kunezingane ezincane endlini.
2. Lapho ukhohlisa i-aquarium ngezandla ezingenalutho, kubalulekile ukuthi kungabikho amanxeba noma ukusikwa esikhunjeni.
3. Awungeke ushayele umhlambi wamaphiramidi ekhoneni. Lokhu kubacasukela ulaka.
4. Ama-piranhas anolaka kakhulu futhi ayingozi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Yenza kule nkathi ngokuqapha ngokweqile, usebenzisa amanetha athambile wemicu ngezibambo ezinde.

I-piranha evamile inokwehlukahluka kwegama - elibomvu, elibomvu noma iNutterera. Uma ufaka elinye lalawa magama piranha yasekhaya, ngeke ube nephutha. Izidlamlilo zokuqala zivele ezinhlanzini zabathandi bemvelo abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 edlule. Zalethwa ezweni lethu maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ukusuka emanzini ase-Amazon nase-Orinoco.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kwepiranha ye-aquarium iba ngesikhathi sokuthomba okugcwele. Esithombeni, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kubonakala ngokucacile kusuka kwensimbi ebuyela emuva kwisiliva nesisu esibomvu, umphimbo kanye ne-anal fin. Izinhlanzi ezinamabala abomvu zifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-30 ubude endle kuthi ezingama-25 e-aquarium. Emvelweni bahlala emhlambini. Inani eliphansi labantu abaseqenjini elilodwa yimisila engama-20. Bahlangana ukwenza lula ukusesha kokudla. AmaPiranas angabazingeli abanonya, ngakho-ke bakhetha isisulu futhi basihlasele ngephakethe. Lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengolunonya kunabo bonke babahlali bamanzi omhlaba.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-piranas akunzima ukuwanakekela futhi aqine impela, kungcono ukuwagcina ngokuba ngumuntu wasemanzini onolwazi. Ungawabukeli phansi amandla akhe abukhali nokubamba kwakhe ukufa. Abafuyi abangenalwazi bangathola kuye izinyo ngenxa yokungazi nokunganaki. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ubeke i-aquarium ngezilwane ezizingelayo ziphansi uma unezingane ezincane.

Ama-Piranhas awalungele izindawo zasemanzini ezinezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi. Bancamela inkampani "yabo", kepha amacala abuhlungu awakhishwa lapho. Uma ubhekisisa kakhulu le mikhuba, ungathola umholi. Uhlala okokuqala ukudla, uthatha izindawo ezinhle kakhulu, akhombisa ukuthi ngubani umnikazi ku-aquarium yasekhaya, futhi, imvamisa, ngobukhulu ngobukhulu. Akuyona into engajwayelekile ukuthi kube nemibukiso lapho kwenzeka lapho kucaciswa. Aggression kanye cannibalism ayikhishwa. Okuwukuphela kwendlela ongazama ukugcwala kuyo i-piranha yipaki emnyama, inqobo nje uma lokhu okwedlule kungakafinyeleli ebusheni futhi kubhekwa njengesemusha.

I-piranha eyodwa izophila e-aquarium, kodwa kungcono ukuqala abantu abaningana ngasikhathi sinye. Ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu, udinga ukukhetha ukuthunyelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium. Umuntu oyedwa ubala cishe amalitha ayi-150 wamanzi, kufanele kucatshangelwe ipharamitha efanayo uma uthatha isinqumo sokuxazulula izinhlanzi eziningana echibini lokufakelwa. Ama-Piranhas aqhakaza kakhulu, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, akhiqiza imfucuza eningi, ngakho-ke cabanga ngokucophelela ukukhetha kwesihlungi namandla aso. Ababulali abasebenzayo sekuphele iminyaka eyi-10 behlala emanzini, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe ngaphambi kokuhlela i-aquarium.

Izidingo zamanzi:

• Amalitha ayi-150 umuntu ngamunye
• Inani elikhulu lamakhephelo,
• Amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nokubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kwansuku zonke,
• Isihlungi esinamandla nesihlungi esisebenzayo.

Qapha ngokucophelela ukuziphatha kwezilwane ezifuywayo futhi uvame ukwenza izivivinyo ukunquma okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia emanzini.

Izici ezihlukanisayo

Ukwakheka komzimba wazo zonke izinhlobo zale nhlanzi kucishe kufane: umzimba ophakeme okwenziwe idiski, uthambile nhlangothi zombili, amehlo asezingeni eliphansi nebunzi eliphambili. Amazinyo - abukhali, a-lamellar, angunxantathu ngesimo, ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi kungabikho igebe phakathi kwamazinyo lapho encipha. Izinhlanzi zabantu abadala zingafinyelela osayizi abangafika kuma-30 cm.I-Aquarium piranhas iphila ngokuya ngezinhlobo zeminyaka emi-4 kuye kweli-15.

Ukuziphatha

Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium lunokuziphatha okuthe xaxa kunasezindaweni zemvelo, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi lezi zidla zasesikoleni. Ngakho-ke, kuyathandeka ukuthi umhlambi wepiranhas, onabantu okungenani abangama-8-10, uhlale e-aquarium yakho. Abantu abanesizungu bazizwa bengakhululekile, benamahloni, bevalekile futhi bengathuthukiswanga kahle. Ama-piranhas e-Aquarium nawo asabela ekuzwakaliseni okukhulu, izinto ezintsha ezinkulu e-aquarium, ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinto zibangela isimo senhlanzi esingasiluma ngisho.

Ukondla

Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium piranha azikhathaleli ekudleni. Bajabule kakhulu ukudla zonke izinhlobo zokudla kwezilwane. Umthetho oyisisekelo ukungabi ngokweqile futhi ususe okuphakelayo okuseleyo ngokushesha ukuze amanzi ahlanzekile. Ukondla ama-piranhas kuyelulekwa ukufeza kanye ngosuku, abanye ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi banciphise isikhathi sokuphaka imizuzu eyi-2, lokhu kwanele. Isikhathi eside sokudla, amanzi asheshe angcoliswe futhi kungaholela ekuguleni.
Iqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi inesandla ekulweni nesikhathi sokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukudla kufaka i-shrimp, ama-tadpoles, i-fillet yezinhlanzi eqandisiwe, inyama yenkomo, enqunywe izingcezu ezincane. Akunconyelwe ukondla inhlanzi ngenyama eyodwa, ngoba umbala wezinhlanzi udoti. Akunconywa futhi ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo ezintsha zenhlanzi, kungadala izifo namagciwane. Ama-piranhas amancane adla izikelemu zegazi legazi nebhubule kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ungenise kancane kancane inyama nenhlanzi ekudleni. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, inhlanzi idluliselwa ekudleni kwabantu abadala.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola inzalo ekhaya. Ukuze inhlanzi iphume, udinga indawo ethambile kakhulu ne-acidic, efana nezimo zemvelo. I-Piranha Fry ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokudla okufanele uma kuphela inyanga izofinyelela ku-2-2,5 cm. Ukuze ukhule inzalo yamanye amaqhubu enhlanzi, udinga i-aquarium ebanzi enomthamo wamalitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-4.

Ukubukeka kwezinhlanzi

Umzimba we-piranha uyisicaba, uyindilinga, ucindezelwe kamuva. Amachaphaza amachashaza nokuchiza ayadlula, umsila ubanzi, amehlo ayaqhuma futhi makhulu . Umbala uncike ekutheni hlobo luni lwezinto zalo, kanye nokudla okunempilo. Imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iba khona engxenyeni engenhla kaningi; i-piranha ekhanyayo eceleni nge isiliva grey tint.

Amaphisi aphansi nesisu ikakhulukazi zibomvu. Isihloko somsila sihlelwe ngentambo emnyama. Ukukhula okusha kwezinhlanzi ezindala kungahlukaniswa yi amabala amnyama ezinhlangothini lokho kunyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukanisa yimihlathi yaso. Emvelweni, awasatholakali kumuntu.

1. Ubude bamazinyo onxantathu afinyelela ku-5 mm. Zi-lamellar, zigobe kancane ngaphakathi, zibukhali ngendlela emangalisayo. Ngakho-ke, zibhekana kalula nesisulu, siyidwengula ibe yizicucu noma ukusika izicucu zenyama kuyo. Kukhona nezinduku namathambo amancane emazinyweni.
2. Imihlathi ihlukile. Lapho icindezelwa, amazinyo aphezulu nangaphansi angena kuma-sinuses, adala ingcindezi eningi. Isenzo saso singafaniswa nesicupho.
3. Amandla we-Grip alinganiswa ngama-New Newtons, angenawo ama-analogues embusweni wezilwane. Ingcindezi edalwe imihlathi yokuvala idlula isisindo sayo amahlandla angama-30.
4. Umuntu omdala anganciphisa kalula umuntu umunwe. Abahlali bendawo abahlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi ezinama-piranhas bazivumelanisa nezimo ukuze basebenzise imihlathi yabo ngamazinyo afana nesikhafu, futhi bathinta amazinyo abo.

Manje usunomqondo wokuthi ukubonakala kwe-piranha kuyini. Ukuzalelwa kwale nhlanzi kwenzeka ngokubeka amaqanda . Lesi sikhathi siqala ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti. Ukuze iqhume, insikazi ibekela izinkulungwane zamaqanda, bese eyeduna iwaqaphe.

Izici zePiranha

Le nhlanzi, ngaphezu kwesakhiwo esimangalisayo semihlathi, nayo ihlukile ikhono lokwenza imisindo . Ukwenza isibonelo, lapho esemhlabeni, ukhonkotha njengenja, ngesikhathi sesidlo sakusihlwa angakhombisa "ukudlala isigubhu", ukusabisa okwakhe usebenzisa "ukugwaza", futhi asondele komunye umuntu, izingono zenhlanzi.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi yonke imisindo ehlukahlukene itholakala kuye ngokubonga kwakhe ebhulaneni lokubhukuda, okuyinto avumelana ngalo nemisipha yakhe. Umsindo okhiqizwa ngokuya ngesivinini sokucindezela kwabo.

IPiranha ukuzwa okuhle nomqondo wokuhogela . Isisulu, njengoba sesithole ibanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-6, ngeke sisasindiswa, ngoba sasihanjelwe yithonsi legazi.

Izitha piranha

Akekho umuntu owedlula lowo ngosayizi, noma izitha ezinkulu, kodwa, ngokwazo, aba izisulu zazo, ezingethuse le nhlanzi encane. Kepha lezi zinhlanzi zisenezitha:

Emanzini aseYurophu naseRussia, ipiranha itholakala kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona ihlaya lemvelo, kodwa iphutha labasolwandle abangenalwazi abathi, sebehlulekile ukunakekela inhlanzi, banquma ukuyikhipha.

AbaseYurophu nabaseRussia abanalutho lokufanele basabe, ngoba izinhlanzi ayihlali emanzini abandayo njengoba kufika ubusika, bonke bazoshabalala. Ududuza ukuhlala kwabo, izinga lokushisa lisuka kuma-24 liye kuma-27 degrees.

IPiranha yinhlanzi engazivumelanisa kalula nezimo ezintsha zokuphila. E-aquarium, uzizwa emnandi, yingakho abaningi bezama ukumzalela. Ngasikhathi sinye, ungakhohlwa ngezinketho zokunambitheka, ngoba inhlanzi inyamazane.

Isidingo sakhe feed kwesokudla , izinhlanzi ezincane, ezinjenge-sprat, capelin, predom ekudleni. Ungakhohlwa ngokuphepha.

Ingabe le inhlanzi edla inyama idliwe?

Le nhlanzi imnandi kakhulu. Kunezindaba eziningi eziphawula lesi sici sakho. Ukwenza isibonelo, kukhona icala lengulube ewela emanzini lapho umhlambi othile imizuzu embalwa ukugwinya kuthambo. Imvamisa izisulu ngokwazo zingabadobi abafuna ukudla kuma-piranhas.

Babanjwa ngoba inyama yenhlanzi edliwayo kufana ne-perch. Sebenzisa kaningi ngefomu ethosiwe. Ukudoba kwenzeka ngenduku yokudoba, kepha umdobi kufanele aqaphele kakhulu, njengoba nenhlanzi ingabamba umunwe.

Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi i-piranha isilwane esidingekayo esimweni esihle semvelo yemvelo, ukubhujiswa kwako kuzoholela ukungalingani lapho kuzoba khona ithuba elihle lokuqubuka kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe kanye nokuvela kwezifo emizimbeni yamanzi.

AmaPiranhas akha imifula yaseNingizimu Melika. Indawo abahlala kuyo ifinyelela emashumini angaphezu kwezigidi zamakhilomitha-skwele - ukusuka emngceleni osempumalanga wohlu lwezintaba ze-Andes kuya ogwini lwe-Atlantic. AmaPiranhas akha izidumbu zamanzi eParaguay, Uruguay ne-Argentina. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili zama-piranhas. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhula zibe yingxenye yemitha ubude, kanti ezinye zihlala zincane kakhulu amasentimitha ambalwa.

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, izinhlobo eziningi zepiranhas azinabungozi. Izinhlobo ezine kuphela zalezi zinhlanzi ezinolaka futhi zingaba yingozi. Kunobufakazi obanele bokuhlaselwa kwe-piranhas ku, kodwa akukho nelilodwa lalawa macala aholele kwimiphumela ebulalayo.

Igama "" lesinye sezizwe zaseNingizimu Melika zamaNdiya lisho "izinyo lezinhlanzi." Lesi isici senhlanzi esinamandla; amazinyo aqaqamba ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile somhlathi ophansi. Ukuhamba okulawulayo kwemisipha yomhlathi kunamandla kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ama-piranhas awadabuli inyamazane, kepha usike izingcezu zenyama ezincane. Amazinyo ama-piranhas abukhali kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi zingalimaza ngisho nensimbi.

Ama-Piranhas angaba insangu. Bangazihlasela kalula izihlobo zabo ezilimele.

Izinganekwane ezivamile ze-piranha

Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi ama-piranas azizwa kanjani inyamazane yawo. Mhlawumbe ziqondiswa ukunyakaza okwenziwa izisulu zazo. Ososayensi baphakamise ukuthi ama-piranhas angaphendula ekushintsheni kwamazinga wamanzi.

Ama-Piranhas athandwa kakhulu ngokuzalaniswa ezindaweni zasemanzini. Noma kunjalo, emazweni amaningi abo

I-piranha encane ye-toothy predator ingaba umhlobiso omuhle futhi ongokoqobo we-aquarium ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthole intukuthelo enjalo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inhloni enkulu, kufanele uyinikeze izimo ezijwayelekile zokuphila.Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium piranhas izinhlanzi ezidliwayo ezingaluma umnikazi wazo zingazi noma ziphathe ngokushesha nomakhelwane wazo e-aquarium. Kungakho ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi le nhlanzi igcinwe kuphela ngochwepheshe kanye nangolwazi lwasemanzini olunolwazi.

Gxuma ngokushesha esihlokweni

Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa

Ama-piranhas e-Aquarium ayimihlambi yokufunda, yingakho kungcono ukuyigcina emihlambini, ngabantu abangaba ngu-10, kepha uma ungaba imiholo engaphezulu. Uma kwenzeka bengakwazi ukuzakhela owabo umhlambi, baye besabe, futhi ngenxa yalokho bakhula kabi bese isikhathi sempilo sincishiswa kakhulu. Abantu abadala bangaphila bodwa ngokuthula, kuyilapho bezizwa beqiniseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho bebodwa bangakwazi ukuhlasela kalula hhayi kuphela ezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu ezihlala emanzini, kodwa futhi nabantu bohlobo lwazo.

E-aquarium, amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke ngaso sonke isikhathi, yingakho ukungcola nokufakelwa kuyisidingo esibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwalolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi. Ukushintshwa kwamanzi okwenziwa masonto onke okungaba ngu-10-15% nakho kuyisimo esibalulekile sokuthuthuka kwezinhlanzi ezinhle. Kuyadingeka futhi ukusetha izinga lokushisa elilungile e-aquarium, cishe ama-26,5 ° C. Uma amanzi e-aquarium ehlala ebanda noma okuphambene nalokho efudumele, lokhu kungadala ukungabi namandla kokuqina kwenhlanzi nokuvela kwezifo.

Ukugxila okubalulekile kufanele futhi kukhokhwe ekuhlobiseni isikhala lapho kuhlala khona laba bantu. Njengoba zinethezekile futhi zizethemba, izinhlanzi zizizwa zisezinhlanzini ezinamanzi aminyene. Kungakho ngaphezulu kwe-50% yendawo yamanzi kufanele ifakelwe izindawo zokukhosela ezikhethekile ngendlela yemihume, izindlu, izikebhe futhi itshalwe nezitshalo zokufakelwa. Kuyiqiniso, imifino yemvelo ngeke iphazamise ama-piranhas, kepha ngobumnandi obunjalo buzophathwa ngokushesha, ngoba le nhlobo idla konke okungadliwa.

Ukudla okuyisisekelo

Ama-Piranhas ahlala ezindaweni zasemanzini awathobeki ekudleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ungazidli ngokweqile izilwane zakho ezifuywayo, uma kunokwenzeka, uguqule ukudla kwazo nsuku zonke futhi uhlanze konke okunye ukudla lapho usuhlwitha. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-piranhas kanye nezinye izinhlanzi zasemanzini ukuthi, lapho zigcwele, zishiya ukudla, zingakuthathi konke ukudla okusele. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvikele ukubola nokungcoliswa kwamanzi okusheshayo, kungcono ukususa okuphakelayo kwe-rhinestone.

Eqiniseka ukuthi isinengiso somuntu esihahayo ngaphansi kwamanzi sivame kakhulu kumabhinema kunalokho empeleni, umhlali wasesimweni esiphakathi eside kudala ukulahla amathuba okuba yisisulu somhlaseli. Kepha uma ulethwa eNingizimu Melika, kufanele ulungele konke.

I-piranha ebushelelezi ebukhali ilwa ngempumelelo ne-anaconda ne-chupacabra ngesihloko esihlonishwayo sesidalwa esesabeka kakhulu eSouth America. Kukhona iqiniso elithile ezindabeni ezimnandi kakhulu, kodwa empilweni yangempela izinhlanzi ezihlabelelwa yiHollywood (ngisho noJames Cameron osemncane, umbhali we- "Isiginesha" ongenakulibaleka kanye no- "Avatar" wenza amafilimu ngabo) futhi obambe iqhaza elibalulekile ezindabeni ezimbi zabantu bendawo, ziyahluka kakhulu. Sizozama ukuxosha izinganekwane ezivame kakhulu ngalesi sidlamlilo somfula futhi sinikeze izeluleko ezithile ezilusizo kulabo abathenga amathikithi aya eBrazil noma eMexico.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ama-piranhas ahlala emanzini anodaka ase-Amazon. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso, ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo okulo mfula omkhulu kukhulu kakhulu. Kepha kufanele wazi ukuthi indawo yama-piranhas ebanzi kakhulu, itholakala cishe kunoma yimuphi umfula ezwekazini laseNingizimu Melika. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kubathandi abaningi be-movie horror kuzoba izindaba zokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranhas yi-herbivores. Futhi ezinhlotsheni zezinhlanzi ezidla inyama, zintathu noma ezine kuphela ezingaba yingozi kubantu.

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-piranhas yi-carrion, hhayi ama-blondes atheniwe ku-bikinis. Uma izimpisi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-oda asehlathini, khona-ke nangempumelelo efanayo yezinhlanzi zingabizwa ngokulandelana kwemifula. Noma yisiphi isilwane esifile sihlanzwe yibo futhi asitheleli amanzi ngokubola kwe-cadaveric. Ngisho nama-piranhas anolaka kakhulu azokhetha isidumbu, anganaki inyamazane ebukhoma.Futhi lapho indoda “ethambisayo” iqala ukwanda phakathi komhlambi wepiranhas olambile, abazingeli bethosi bayokhetha ukufuna inyamazane encane. Ikakhulu abamele umbuso wezinhlanzi bahlushwa amazinyo abo, yize ama-waterfowl ngisho nezinyoni ezihlala phezu kwamanzi nazo zikuthola.

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zama-piranhas "eziyimfihlo" yobukhulu besundu. Amanye akhula acishe abe yingxenye yemitha ngosayizi. Isici esijwayelekile kuwo wonke umndeni we-piranha ukwakheka okukhethekile kwemihlathi nendawo yamazinyo. Amazinyo abukhali kanxantathu alezi zinhlanzi, lapho elunywa, ahlangana kahle kakhulu kangangokuba umhlaseli angayilumi inyama yezinyamazane, kodwa kunalokho uyinqume. Isifaniso esiseduze kakhulu yisikhafu noma ama-zipper ahlonishwe kahle ezingutsheni. Futhi, wonke ama-piranas abonakala ngokuthi "umsebenzi" ohlanganiswe ngokwemvelo kwiphakethe. Lapho ehlasela, inhlanzi ngayinye iyaluma futhi ngokushesha ingena “kozakwabo”. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nezilwane ezinkulu, ezinjenge-tapir, ziyaxutshwa emathanjeni ngesikhathi esirekhodi.

Isimanga esikhulu sabalandeli bezindaba ezesabekayo kuzoba iqiniso lokuthi emlandweni wonke waseNingizimu Melika yanamuhla, alikho icala elilodwa lokufa komuntu eliphuma emazinyweni e-piranha eliqoshwe ngokusemthethweni. Iningi lezinganekwane zokukhohlakala kwegazi elinamandla emanzini omfula lingezwakala kubadobi bendawo. Futhi, abadobi, niyazi, zandisa ihaba futhi zidlala kancane kunoma yiliphi izwe nakwelinye izwekazi. Isibonelo, lapho kuhlolisiswa inhlekelele esezingeni eliphezulu yango-1976, kwembulwa imininingwane ebalulekile eBrazil: lapho-ke ibhasi ligcwele abagibeli lawela emfuleni ojulile, bacishe bafa abantu abangamashumi amane. Izidumbu zabo zidliwe ama-piranhas, futhi abezindaba babeka izinyanya ezaziphindisela abantu. Kepha ukuhlolwa kwabasindile abambalwa kukhombisa ukuthi ukuphuma kuleli bhasi, abazibonanga ziphi piranhas futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlaselwa yibo. Futhi ibhasi liphakanyiselwe emahoreni ambalwa nje ngemuva kwengozi, ngezinga eliphakeme kungenzeka ukuthi ukulunywa kwezifo zepiranhas kutholakele sekusele izidumbu.

Kepha unganaki isethi yalezi zinyo le-razor ebukhali. Ukuhlaselwa kwePiranha kubantu abangabulali kwenzeka ngezimo ezesabekayo. Esikhathini esiningi, izisulu zilawula ngokulimala okumbalwa, kodwa ziningi izigameko zokuhlaselwa kwepiranhas okuholele ekulimaleni okukhulu. Ngo-2013, abantu abangaphezu kuka-60, kubandakanya nezingane eziyisikhombisa, balimala ogwini lomfula e-Argentina behlaselwa yi-piranhas. Abaningi bangeniswe esibhedlela; ezinye izisulu zalunywa imiphimbo yeminwe ezandleni noma ezinyaweni. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zithi lokhu kuhlaselwa kungukushisa okungakaze kwenzeke. Ukuzivikela kuma-piranhas, ngempela, kufanele ubheke isimo sezulu nezikhathi eziguqukayo. Ngesikhathi sokuchitheka kwe-Amazon neminye imifula emikhulu, izindawo ezizingelayo zokuzingela ama-piranhas zanda kakhulu. Izinhlanzi zithola inala yokudla, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezidumbu zezilwane zasemhlabeni ezibanjwe ngokwanda okungazelelwe kwamazinga amanzi kulezo zingxenye. Futhi ngesikhathi sokushisa nesomiso, lapho izindimbane ezinkulu zepiranas zibanjwa emabhange amancanyana emifula echithekile, akekho noyedwa wabantu bendabuko oyozitika ngokuxhamazela emanzini anodaka.

Ngokusho kohlu lohlobo lwe-adventure, ama-piranhas asabela kahle egazini. Ukuphila kwezigagasi ezingama-turbid zase-Amazon kufundise le nhlobo ukuthi incike ikakhulukazi ekuholeni, ukuze bakwazi ukuhogela igazi emanzini ngesilinganiso sesigidi esisodwa nesigamu. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi ama-piranhas aba nolaka ngokwengeziwe ngasikhathi sinye akumangazi: impela zonke izilwane zisabela egazini, ngisho nenkomo engenangozi iyakwazi ukwenza okungafanele emehlweni wegazi.

Imvamisa, labo abaxhaphaza ama-piranhas baba yizisulu zokuziluma. Imayelana nabadobi. Cha, ama-piranha awaziphindiseleli ngokuhlelekile kubantu abanezinduku zokudoba. Kodwa ukususa i-piranha ebunjiwe kusuka kubhuku, ungalahlekelwa umunwe wakho kalula. Ngisho nezinhlanzi ezibanjiwe futhi zijikijelwe ogwini ziyakwazi ukubambelela amazinyo azo kulowo owonile ngesivila esincane. Kepha inyama yabo ithathwa njengento yobudlova, futhi ama-daredevils, lapho enqabile ukungabaza, agijimela ngegiya eya emifuleni yemifula yaseNingizimu Melika.I-piranha pecks engenacala icishe ifakwe kungwegwe engenalutho, kufanele uyidonse emanzini, uyihambise ukunyakaza.

AmaPiranhas ayizilo ezisuka kumafilimu asabekayo nezindaba ezesabekayo, izakhamuzi ezincane kodwa ezinamagazi zamanzi ase-Amazon neminye imifula eseNingizimu Melika (Colombia, Venezuela, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina). Yini esiyaziyo ngabo? Mhlawumbe akukho. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lonke ulwazi lukhawulelwe ohlotsheni olulodwa kuphela - i-piranha ejwayelekile, eseyizuzele i-notoriety.

Umndeni wePiranha unezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphezulu kuka-60. Futhi, ngokumangazayo ngokwanele, iningi lazo lingama-herbivores, empeleni awadli ukudla kwesilwane. Usayizi wepiranhas uncike ezinhlotsheni, ama-carnivores ikakhulukazi afinyelela ku-30 ​​cm, futhi izihlobo zawo zemifino zingathola isisindo esibalulekile futhi zikhule ngaphezu kwamamitha amaningi ubude. Umbala ubuye uncike ezinhlotsheni, kepha ikakhulukazi ngesiliva grey, bese kuba mnyama ngeminyaka. Isimo somzimba sakhiwe ngamadayimane futhi siphezulu, sicindezelwe kamuva. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezilwane ezidla ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranhas angadliwa ezilwaneni noma ngisho nezinyoni ezenzeka ngendlela. Ezinhlotsheni ezine-herbivorous, iAmazon nezinkampani zayo ezigcwele imifino ehlukahlukene, ungazideleli lezi zinhlanzi namantongomane, imbewu ewela emanzini.

Isakhiwo somhlathi

I-piranha ibonakala ngesakhiwo esimangalisayo semishini yemihlathi, okungenzeka ukuthi ayinazo izendalo emvelweni. Konke kunikezwe kuyo imininingwane emincane kakhulu. Amazinyo anesimo esingunxantathu nosayizi ongu-4-5 mm, ama-lamellar futhi abukhali, njengeladi le-razor, agobile kancane ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuvumela bona banciphise kalula inyama yozisulu, bedwengula izingcezu zenyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinyo aphezulu nangaphansi angena kahle kuma-sinuses lapho kuvalwa umhlathi, kudala ingcindezi eqinile. Lesi sici sivumela ama-piranhas ukuba alume amathambo. Lapho ivaliwe, umhlathi uvala njengesicupho. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe ososayensi, amandla okuluma angama-New Newtons ayi-analogues embusweni wezilwane. Imihlathi yepiranha iba nezingcindezi eziphindwe cishe ezingamashumi amathathu zesisindo sayo uma ilunywa.

Ahlala kuphi ama-piranhas?

Lezi yizakhamizi zamanzi ahlanzekile eMelika eseNingizimu. Isigodi saseAmazon siqukethe okwesihlanu kuwo wonke amanzi amasha, lo mfula ugcwele izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene. Ama-Piranhas ahlala kubo bonke ubude bomfula futhi ayindatshana yezinganekwane nezindaba eziningi zabahlali bendawo. ihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu, iningi lazo lingelaseBrazil, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-Ecuador, iColombia Bolivia nePeru. AmaPiranhas nawo azizwa emuhle kweminye imifula, indawo ahlala kuyo engxenyeni yezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika inkulu kakhulu.

Muva nje, le nhlanzi isithandwa kakhulu ekunakekelweni nasekuzalweni kwasekhaya. I-piranha e-aquarium izokhula incane kunosayizi obonakala ngayo ezimweni zemvelo, bese ilahlekelwa yisihluku sayo kancane. Ngokumangazayo, ngokubukeka okunamandla okunjalo, baba nokwesaba endaweni evulekile futhi bavame ukucasha ezindaweni zokugcina.

Zonke izinhlanzi zepiranha zihlangene emndenini owodwa futhi zihlukaniswe, ngokusho kwesigaba se-zoological, sibe yimindeni emithathu esezansi.

Myelina Subfamily

Ama-Myelins yiqembu elikhulu kunawo wonke, lihlanganisa izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zohlobo lwenhlobo nezilwane ezingama-32. Lawa ama-piranhas asabisayo futhi angenangozi ngokuphelele. Izinhlanzi zidla ukudla kwezitshalo. Umbala wehlukene kakhulu, kuya ngezinhlobo. Isimo somzimba sinobuntu, kamuva sicindezelwe futhi siphezulu. Ebantwini abasha, umbala uyinsimbi yesiliva, enamabala ahlukahlukene okubona, okwenza mnyama umbala wombala we-chocolate lapho ukhula. Isayizi isukela ku-10 kuya ku-20 amasentimitha. Abamele abaningi balesi sigcawu esingaphansi komhlaba bazalelwa ezindaweni ezifuywayo. Badinga inani elikhulu lamanzi nendawo eyanele yokukhosela, ngoba le yinhlanzi enamahloni. I-Aquarium piranha evela ku-myelin subfamily izozizwa imnandi ekushiseni kwamanzi angama-23- 28 degrees, futhi ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kufake isaladi, iklabishi, isipinashi, uphizi neminye imifino.Ezinye izinhlobo zidla amantongomane ezimweni zemvelo, ngokuqhekeka kalula igobolondo eliqinile ngomhlathi wazo onamandla.

Ama-Subfamily Catoprionins

Le nhlanzi, efana ne-piranha ejwayelekile futhi eyisihlobo sayo esiseduzane, ekudleni kwayo okuyinhloko (60%) inokudla kwezitshalo, kanti ngama-40% kuphela izinhlanzi ezincane. Kepha usadinga ukuyigcina ihlukile kwezinye izinhlanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodliwa okuncane kakhulu, futhi ezinkulu ziba sengozini yokushiywa ngamaphiko onakalisiwe nangxenye ngaphandle kwesikali. Njengokudla kwesilwane, ungasebenzisa i-shrimp encane noma inhlanzi, izilwanyane zomhlaba, kanye nemifino - isipinashi, ulethisi, isiwula kanye neminye imifino.

Ama-Subfamily Serrasalmins

Lezi zidlozi ezinonya kakhulu, i-subfamily imelwe uhlobo olulodwa nezinhlobo ezingama-25. Bonke badla ukudla kwezilwane: izinhlanzi, izilwane, izinyoni. Ubukhulu bama-piranhas we-Serrasalmin subfamily bungafinyelela osayizi afike ku-80 cm, afinyelele isisindo esifinyelela ku-1 kg. Lokhu kuyingozi yangempela ezilwaneni (ingasaphathwa inhlanzi), ebukhulu obungazidlula kaningana, kepha lokhu akuyimisi i-piranha. Ukuvela kwezidlakela ezincane kunamandla amakhulu: kuphuma kakhulu futhi kugogeke kancane, amehlo aqhakaze, ukwakheka komzimba oyindilinga kuyisici. Emachibini, bakhetha ukugcina emaphaketheni, kepha lapho behlasela isisulu, basebenza ngokuzimela omunye komunye, ngakho-ke akunakushiwo ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zeqembu elisondelene. AmaPiranhas asabela ngokunyakaza emanzini, lokhu kudonsela ukunaka kwawo. Lapho omunye wabo ethola isisulu, abanye basheshe bangene kuleyo ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunombono wezazi zezilwane ukuthi ama-piranhas ayakwazi ukwenza imisindo, ngaleyo ndlela adlulisele imininingwane komunye nomunye. Iphakethe lama-piranhas lingashiya kuphela amathambo alesilwane emizuzwini embalwa.

Imininingwane yokuthi bayakwazi ukuzwa igazi kude nokuhlonipheka kusuka ohlukunyeziwe iyiqiniso. Izinhlanzi zePiranha zihlala emanzini anodaka e-Amazon, futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi bekufanele bazivumelanise nezimo zokungabonakali kahle, ngenxa yalokho - umuzwa onephunga owakhiwe kahle. IPiranha idonsa ngempela igazi, lokhu kuyinkomba yokubonakala kwesisulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazideleli izidumbu ngisho nabafowethu abagulayo noma ababuthakathaka. Kwezilwane nakubantu, izidalwa ezimbalwa kuphela ezibeka ingozi yangempela.

I-piranha ejwayelekile

Ummeleli owaziwa kakhulu lapho izingxoxo zingapheli yiPentanha evamile. Ubude bomuntu ngamunye wale zinhlobo bungafinyelela amasentimitha angama-30, kepha ngokuyisisekelo, bungako besandla somuntu. Ama-piranhas ajwayelekile (isithombe sezinhlanzi ngezansi) sinombala wesiliva ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onamabala amaningi amnyama emzimbeni wonke, esiswini esikalini kunesici esibonisa umbala opinki. Bahlala emaphaketheni abantu abacishe babe yikhulu.

Eminyakeni yamuva, ama-piranhas ajwayelekile adume kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwasekhaya. Izimo ze-Aquarium zisiza ukunciphisa ulaka. Kodwa i-aquarium isadinga ehlukile.

I-piranha emnyama

Lesi ngesinye izinhlobo ezivela eSerrasalmina subfamily, esivame kakhulu emvelweni futhi sithandwa ekuzaleni kwasekhaya. UHabitat - no-Orinoco. Isimo somzimba sakhiwe ngamadayimane, kanti umbala umnyama, omnyama nesiliva. Ezinhlanzini ezincane, isisu sine-tint ephuzi. I-piranha emnyama iyisidleke esimangazayo, konke kufanelana nokudla: inhlanzi, ama-arthropods, izinyoni noma izilwane ezibanjwe ngengozi emanzini. Ukudla okungekho emthethweni okunjalo kwaholela enkuthweni yabo ephakeme e-Amazon. Yize ubudlova bezinhlobo bungaphansi kwepiranha efanayo. I-Aquarium yezinhlanzi ezinjalo idinga amalitha amakhulu, angaphezu kwama-300. Ubunzima bokuzalela ukufuthelana kwama-piranhas maqondana nomunye. Ukuzala kungenzeka uma abameleli bomndeni we-aquarium bedla kahle, ngokudla kwezilwane eziningi, banokukhuluphala, okungaba yisithiyo esikhulu ekubonakaleni kwenzalo. Esithombeni - piranha emnyama.

Inganekwane eyodwa: ama-piranhas ahlasela umuntu

Kunzima impela ukwahlulela lokhu, ngoba imininingwane iyaphikisana kakhulu.Ososayensi abaningi nezazi zezilwane ezichithe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka besizame ukubona ukuhlaselwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, bazifaka engcupheni ngenxa yalolucwaningo, bangena emanzini anodaka omfula, lapho babamba khona imizuzu embalwa ngaphambili, kodwa abakwenzanga. kulandele.

Isikhathi eside bekukhona amahlebezi ngebhasi elinabahlali bendawo abangena kwelinye lamaholo ase-Amazon, futhi bonke abagibeli badliwe ama-piranhas ngokoqobo. Indaba yenzeka ngempela ngeminyaka yama-70s yekhulu leminyaka edlule, abagibeli abangama-39 bafa, kodwa oyedwa wakwazi ukuphunyula. Ngokusho kofakazi bokuzibonela, izidumbu zalabo abahlukumezekile zonakaliswe kabi yi-piranhas. Kodwa ukwahlulela ukuthi ngabe lokhu kuhlaselwa bekungukuthi nokuthi yini imbangela yokufa akunakwenzeka.

Kunemithombo ethembekile yokulimala emabhishi ase-Argentina lapho eyokuqala ihlasela izinhlanzi. Kepha lezi bekungamacala angawodwa. Izazi ze-zoologists zithi lokhu kwenzeka ngokuthi ama-piranhas, ukuqhuma kwawo okuqala lapho kuphela isikhathi sebhishi, akha izidleke emanzini angajulile. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela yezinhlanzi ingokwemvelo impela: bavikela inzalo yabo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-piranhas ayingozi kakhulu kubantu nasezilwaneni ngesikhathi sesomiso, lapho izinga lamanzi emifuleni lifinyelela ubuncane bawo, okuthinta ukudla kwabo: kunokudla okuncane. Abahlali bendawo bayazi ngalokhu futhi abangeni emfuleni ngalesi sikhathi. Isikhathi esiphephe kakhulu yisikhathi semvula lapho imifula igcwala.

Inganekwane emibili: ukuhlaselwa kwe-piranhas emaphaketheni

Kunezindaba eziningi ngokuhlaselwa okubi komhlambi wonke, konke lokhu kushukunyiswa amafilimu amaningi wesici. Eqinisweni, abantu abakhulu abazihambi lapho beyofuna inyamazane emfuleni, ema endaweni eyodwa, imvamisa emanzini angajulile. Inhlanzi ilindele inyamazane yayo, futhi lapho nje ibonakala le nyama, i-piranha iya endaweni efanele. Behehwa ngumsindo nephunga legazi, bonke abanye baphuthuma lapho. AmaPiranhas aqoqana emaphaketheni hhayi ekuzingeleni inyamazane, kodwa ukuvikela isitha - njengoba ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa. Kungabonakala, ubani ongabalimaza? Kodwa-ke, nenhlanzi enjeya inezitha. IPiranha, ibuthana emihlambini, izivikela emifudwini yasemfuleni eyondla ngayo, futhi kubantu ayinangozi futhi inobungane impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwezitha zemvelo zama-piranhas kukhona ama-arapaim nama-caimans. Owokuqala yinhlanzi enkulu, ebhekwa cishe njengebhokisi lokuphila eliphilayo. Ngezilinganiso zayo ezimangazayo nezisindayo, kubeka usongo lwangempela e-piranha. Izinhlanzi ezenzeka zodwa, ziba isisulu se-arapaima. AmaCaimans angabameleli abancane beqembu leCrocodile. Izazi zokuma komhlaba zaphawula ukuthi njengoba inani lalezi zilwane lincipha, inani lamapiranas emfuleni landa ngokushesha.

Inganekwane yesithathu: ama-piranhas avela ezindaweni okugcinwa kuzo iRussia

Izehlakalo zenzekile, Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhathazeka ngeze. Yize ama-piranhas evumelana ngokuphelele nanoma yiziphi izimo, isici esiyinhloko sobukhona bawo obuphumelelayo sihlala sinjalo - isimo sezulu esifudumele namanzi (ngaphakathi kwama-degree angama-24-27), okungenakwenzeka ezweni lethu.

Kuliqiniso, la maPiranas ayingozi futhi aqine kakhulu, kepha nokho izindaba eziphathelene nawo zivame ukuhlanganiswa futhi ziqedwe. Abantu bomdabu baseNingizimu Melika bafunda ukuhlala eceleni kwama-piranhas waze wabenza into yokudoba. Imvelo ayidalanga lutho olungenamsebenzi: uma izimpisi, ke ama-piranhas enza umsebenzi ofanayo emizimbeni yamanzi.

Ukuphila endalweni

I-Red-bellied piranha (lat. Pygocentrus natt audi phambilini, Serrasalmus natt audi no Rooseveltiella natt audi) okokuqala wachazwa ngo-1858 nguKner.

Kunokuphikisana okukhulu ngegama lamaLatin futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lisazoshintsha, kodwa okwamanje sesizinze kuP. Nattameli.

Ihlala kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Melika: iVenezuela, iBrazil, iPeru, iBolivia, iParaguay, i-Argentina, iColombia, i-Ecuador ne-Uruguay.Izimpilo eAmazon, Orinoco, Parana kanye neminye imifula eminingi engenakubalwa.

Ihlala emifuleni, ezinkambeni, emifuleni emincane. Futhi emachibini amakhulu, amachibi, ihlathi elinezikhukhula namathafa. Bazingela ngamaphakethe abantu abangama-20 kuye kwangama-30.

Badla konke okungadliwa: inhlanzi, iminenke, izitshalo, ama-invertebrates, ama-amphibians.

Ukuvumelana

Umbuzo uthi ngabe i-piranha ingaphila yini nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, mhlawumbe eziphikisayo kakhulu. Abanye bathi lokhu akunakwenzeka, abanye babaphatha ngempumelelo nezinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu.

Ngokunokwenzeka, konke kuncike ezicini eziningi: ukuthi kukhulu kangakanani i-aquarium, zingaki izitshalo, amapharamitha amanzi, inani labantu, imvelo yabo, abondla kangakanani nabanye.

Kulula ukugcina nezinhlobo ezinkulu: iphakethe elimnyama, ukucula i-catfish, i-plecostomy, i-pterygoplichty. Ababili bokugcina bahlangana kahle nabo, njengoba behlala ezingqimbeni ezingaphansi, futhi bavikelekile ngamapuleti amathambo.

Ungazama ezinye izinhlanzi, kepha nazi ukuthi zinhlanhla kanjani. Amanye ama-piranhas awathinti muntu iminyaka, abanye ....

Kubanjwa kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi. E-aquarium yamalitha ayi-150, akukho zinhlanzi ezingaphezu kweyodwa ezingagcinwa. Ngokubheka ukuthi kunconywe ukugcina ama-piranhas emaphaketheni abantu abane, umthamo wephakethe elinjalo uyadingeka kusuka kumalitha angama-300 noma ngaphezulu.

Okuxakile ngokwanele, banamahloni, futhi ukubenza bazizwe bekhululekile, badinga izindawo ku-aquarium lapho bengacasha khona. Kulokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-driftwood noma ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa, njengoba izitshalo zingalimaza.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe kuhlala kungamanzi ahlanzekile. Bheka okuqukethwe i-ammonia ne-nitrate masonto onke ngezivivinyo; shintsha namanzi njalo ngesonto.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ithangi ibe nesihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle nezinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zingcolisa kakhulu uma zidla, futhi zidla ukudla kwamaprotheni okubola ngokushesha.

Isihlungi sidinga ukugezwa njalo, futhi sikwenze kaningi ukwedlula kwamanye amanzi. Indlela engcono yokuqonda lapho isikhathi sesifikile futhi izivivinyo.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lapho ugeza izinto zokuhlunga, udinga ukusebenzisa amanzi avela emanzini!

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe (futhi kuyajabulisa!) Ukubheka. Bukela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo, utadishe, uqonde futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngeke usadinga ukuzesaba. Uzobona zonke izinkinga ekuqaleni.

I-Piranha ku-aquarium: okuqukethwe, ukuhambisana, ukubukezwa kwevidiyo

Oda, umndeni: haracin.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elijabulisayo: 24-26 ° C.

Ukudideka: 100% nolaka.

Ukuvumelana: gcina ngokukhethekile.

Amacebo awusizo: Inhlanzi inganekwane, inhlanzi esesabisayo ebangela ukwesaba okungokwemvelo kubantu. Ezimweni zemvelo, i-piranha iyingozi ngempela, kepha izihlobo zayo zase-aquarium zavumelana nokuzola futhi azinalo nolaka. Kepha ngesizathu esithile ukwesaba kwabantu lokhu akupheli. Lapho kuqala iPiranha Paku, - isasasa nenjabulo phakathi kwabangane nezivakashi kwaba yisithulu. Kepha noma ngabe ngikholisa kangakanani, akekho umuntu onesibindi sokubeka isandla sakhe e-aquarium:

Bahlala emifuleni nasezihlangwini zaseNingizimu Melika. Isayizi cm 30. Futhi ngaphezulu.

Izidlamlilo zePiranha zihlomile ngokoqobo emazinyweni. Amazinyo abuhlungu kanye nama-razor-abukhali. Imihlathi kaPiranha inamandla, umuntu omdala angaluma induku yokhuni ubukhulu bomunwe womuntu.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ama-piranhas e-aquarium alahlekelwa ulaka, kepha gcina ukubukeka kwawo okunamandla. Ungangehlisa isandla ngokuphepha ku-piranha aquarium.

E-aquarium, ama-piranhas angakwazi ukuhlangana namanye amalungu omndeni we-haracin. Ama-Piranhas angumhlambi wezinhlanzi zase-aquarium, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzigcina emhlambini wezinhlanzi ezi-5-8 ezinobukhulu obufanayo nobudala.

Umthamo we-aquarium kufanele ube okungenani amalitha ayi-150.

Izinhlaka zamanzi ezinethezekayo zokuqukethwe: ubulukhuni 12-16, pH 6-7, izinga lokushisa lamanzi 24-26 ° C. I-Aeration nokuhlunga kuzoba wusizo.

I-Aquarium ifakwe inhlabathi kanye nendawo yokukhosela i-driftwood, izihlahla ezinkulu zezitshalo.

E-aquarium, ama-piranhas ahlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele iminyaka eyi-10-12.

AmaPiranhas ayondliwa: inyama, i-squid fillet noma inhlanzi yolwandle.Ngincoma ukondla inhliziyo yenkomo (hhayi okunamafutha, okudla, okungabizi) - yidla nge-bang.

Ikakhulu "amabutho anegazi elibandayo" adla ama-piranhas ngezinhlanzi ezingabizi kakhulu ze-aquarium: ama-guppies, amaswidi, "iGoldfish", njll.

Ukondla izinhlanzi ze-aquarium kufanele kube okulungile: okulinganiselayo, okuhlukahlukene. Lo mthetho obalulekile uwukhiye wokulondolozwa okuphumelelayo kwanoma iyiphi inhlanzi, kungaba ngama-guppies noma ama-astronotuses. Isigaba "Kanjani futhi malini ukondla izinhlanzi zasemanzini" ikhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, ichaza izimiso eziyisisekelo zokudla kanye nohulumeni wokudla izinhlanzi.

Kulesi sihloko, sibona into ebaluleke kunazo zonke - ukondla izinhlanzi akufanele kube yisinengiso, konke ukudla okwomile noku bukhoma kufanele kufakwe ekudleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake okuthandwa yi-gastronomic kwenhlanzi ethile futhi, ngokuya ngalokhu, kufaka ekudleni kwayo kokudla noma okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwamaphrotheni noma okuphambene nalokho okuqukethe izithako zemifino.

Okuphakelayo okudumile nokuthandwa yizinhlanzi, vele, ukudla okwomile. Isibonelo, njalo ngehora noma kuphi lapho ungathola khona kumashalofu we-aquarium okuphakelwa kwenkampani yaseTetra - umholi wemakethe yaseRussia, eqinisweni ukunikwa kwemfanelo kokudla kwale nkampani kuyamangaza. I-Tetra's "gastronomic" ye-gastronomic ifaka nokuphakelwa ngakunye kohlobo oluthile lwezinhlanzi: i-Goldfish, i-cichlids, i-loricaria, izinsiphu, i-labyrinths, i-arovans, i-discus, njll. I-Tetra ibuye yathuthukisa ama-feed akhethekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukisa umbala, i-solidified noma i-fry. Imininingwane egcwele kuko konke ukuphakelwa kweTetra, ungakuthola kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yenkampani - lapha .

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho uthenga noma yikuphi ukudla okwomile, kufanele unake usuku okwenziwe ngalo kanye nokuphila eshalofini, zama ukungathengi ukudla ngesisindo, futhi futhi nokugcina ukudla kusendaweni evaliwe - lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbali ezikuwo.

Izinkinga Zokuqukethwe

Le nhlanzi idla cishe yonke into. Lapho igcinwa e-aquarium, azikho izinkinga ezikhethekile. Kepha ngaphambi kokuyiqala, kungcono ukuzijwayeza izinhlanzi ezilula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-piranha ingumhlaseli omkhulu ngokulingana. Noma usiza i-aquarium, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kumele kuthathwe. Ukudlulisa izinhlanzi, ungathola ukulimala okungathi sína.

Izici zokuziphatha kwe-piranha.

Ama-Piranhas angamadla-kudla adla ikakhulukazi izilwane ezigulayo noma ezilimele, okungukuthi, asebenza njengama-oda angajwayelekile angaphansi kwamanzi. Bangabama-characinid baseMelika, izinhlanzi zesikole ezingase zihlasele izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu, njengamahhashi nezinkunzi, kanye nezingwenya.

Kubukeka sengathi ingwenya enesikhumba esinjengalesi inokwesaba inhlanzi encane . Kuyavela ukuthi unobuthakathaka obuthile lapho i-piranha ingabambelela khona. Isibonelo, uhlangothi olungezansi lwama-paws. Umhlambi we-piranha vulgaris udliwa yisilwane kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa, unesisindo esingama-50 kg. Izinhlanzi zingaba yingozi kubantu. Isiginali sokuhlaselwa wukubakhona kwegazi emanzini, iphunga lawo elihogela amashumi ngamamitha ambalwa.

Ubudlova bama-piranhas buxhomeke kakhulu esikhathini sonyaka, imvamisa badla izinhlanzi ezincane kanye ne-carrion, banganaki abantu nezilwane. Okuhlukile uma kwenzeka isilwane esilimele singena emfuleni. Zithuthelela iphunga legazi emaphaketheni. Ukusuka esilwaneni esilimele akukho mkhondo oshiywe endabeni yemizuzu.

Piranha Umhlengikazi Wehlathi

Ngenkathi yezikhukhula, basakazekela kule ndawo badla, banamathela futhi baminza izilwane. Uhlobo lokuhleleka ehlathini. Izikhukhula eBrazil azijwayelekile, kanti amanzi angakhuphuka aze afike kumamitha ayi-15. Izihlahla ezincane zizithola zisemanzini kanye nomqhele. Ezinye izinhlobo zemvelo zamaphiranhas zidla ezithelweni zezihlahla, ngenkathi zihambisa imbewu ezweni. Ngakho-ke, i-piranha yinto ebalulekile emvelweni yaseBrazil.

Lapho bekukhona umhlaba izolo, izikebhe ziyantanta futhi izingane ziyabhukuda, futhi kukhululekile ngokuphelele.Izivakashi zihamba emanzini. Nayi i-idyll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-piranha iyisibiliboco sendawo. Izivakashi zibamba ama-piranha ngentonga yokudoba, futhi abantu bendawo babambe ngisho inetha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kwezindlela ezithile ezikhethekile zokuvikela. Ku-YouTube, ngandlela thile ngibone ividiyo kulesi sihloko. I-piranha yasogwini iluma umunwe womdobi. Kepha ngandlela-thile wayikhumula, wabopha umunwe ngosizo lwebhendi, futhi masiqhubeke nokuyibamba, kube sengathi akwenzekanga lutho.

Ngakho-ke lapha, ubani omunye odlayo ubani. AmaNdiya endawo anesiko elixakile; behlisela abantu babo abafile emfuleni, ngaphambili owawugcwele kunethiwekhi enkulu. Bese-ke bekhipha ithambo lamathambo, bazihlobise ngezimpaphe bese bezigcina ezindlini. Nakhu okuphambana kwe-typiosis ngakunye.

I-piranha iziphatha kanjani ngesikhathi sesomiso

Ukuziphatha kwama-piranhas kushintsha kakhulu ngesikhathi sesomiso . Amabhulokhi asala emifuleni, nasezindaweni zesikhukhula sangaphambili kusele amachibi ahlukene ngisho nezimbambo lapho izinhlanzi, imifula yasemfuleni, amakhayoni nezinye izilwane kudabulana. Ekuqaleni, ama-piranas adla zonke izidalwa eziphila echibini lawo, khona-ke angahlaselana. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, ipiranha iba nolaka kakhulu, futhi ukusondela emzimbeni wamanzi kuba yingozi. IPiranha ilambe kakhulu futhi ingabambelela esiqekweni sesilwane esinqume ukuyiphuza. Ngisho nejaguar iyazesaba lezi zinhlanzi, kodwa isebenza ngokucophelela futhi iyathakazelisa kakhulu. Ufika echibini bese eshaya amanzi ngethuku lakhe, kuthi lapho amanzi eqala ukudonsa kusuka kwinhlanzi, agxume amamitha ambalwa aseceleni aphuze amanzi ezolile. Nayi ipussy yobuqili enjalo.

Ividiyo: I-Red Bellied Piranha

I-Piranha (Pygocentrus) IMuller neTroschel, ngo-1844

IPiranha kusuka olimini lwe-guarani isho "inhlanzi ethukuthele."

I-oda: Characiformes.
Umndeni: Characidae.
Subfamily: Piranha (Serrasalminae).
Uhlobo lwebele: Piranha (Pygocentrus).

Izinhlobo: kufaka izinhlobo ezine zePiranha yangempela.

Isandulela

Eyaziwa ngokuthi isilwanyana esingenasisekelo esingakhipha inyama emathanjeni futhi esiyingozi kunoma isiphi isilwane esiye sangena emanzini ayo, iPiranha ebomvu ingenye yezinhlanzi ezidumile zamanzi amnandi emhlabeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sidalwa “esinamandla egazi” kwenzeka ezindaweni eziningi zasemanzini, kukhululwe ama-movie ama-creepy Hollywood, futhi umbono usudumile kwezentengiselwano yasolwandle.

Ngokusho kukaHerbert Axelrod (1976), le nsumansumane yaqala ngenkathi uMongameli waseMelika uTheodore Roosevelt evakashela iAmazon Brazil ngo-1913. Ubehambisana nezintatheli eziningi, kanti amaBrazilians ahlela uchungechunge lwamaqhinga, omunye wawo athi umongameli "bathola futhi bathola" umfula omusha, kamuva owaziwa ngegama lakhe. Kwakhethwa enye yezinkokhelo zoMfula i-Aripuanan, futhi namuhla isabizwa ngokuthi yiRio Roosevelt noma iRio Teodoro.

Lapho uRoosevelt efika emfuleni, isimanga salungiselelwa amaBrazilians - kwavalwa isiza samayadi ayikhulu, ngoba amasonto ambalwa abadobi bakhipha amakhulu ama-piranhas amadala bawahlukanisa lapho. Batshele uMengameli ukuthi yena nabantu bakhe kufanele benqabe ukungena emanzini, ngoba bazodliwa bephila yinhlanzi enonya kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, lezi zindaba zazibingelelwa ngokungabaza, bese kuqhutshwa inkomo lapho. Lokhu kubangele umbango omangalisayo, othambekisayo wokuthola ilungelo lokuthola “ucezwana lwabo” phakathi kwezimbambalala, ezilambile zephara. Ngemuva kwalesi sehlakalo, amaphephandaba agcwele izinganekwane zezinhlanzi ezesabekayo, ezi-carnivorous, kepha akubanga khona noyedwa umlando wokubulawa komuntu ngepiranhas zasendle.

Ngokusho kwemininingwane evela kumasayithi amaningi nezinkundla ezinikezwe lesi sihloko, ukudingiswa kwama-piranhas nezihlobo zabo sekuphokophele ukuhlobana okulingana kumashumi eminyaka asanda kwedlula. Izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene seziyatholakala, kepha iningi lazo ezibanjwe endle ziyabiza futhi azithengi izithandwa eziningi. Ama-piranhas aseNutterera, ngokungafani nawo, adalelwa izinhloso zokuthengisa; intsha enenhlamvu zemali ithengiswa ngemali ephansi, izinhlanzi ezidinga ukulungiswa okuyisipesheli nokugcina kubiza kakhulu.Kwabathakazelayo, lesi yisakhamuzi esihle se-aquarium, kepha ukucabanga ngokungathi sína nokutadisha kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuthenga.

I-piranha ka-Natterer yaba nzima ukuthola izizathu eziningi. Ukwenza isibonelo, i-Pygocentrus piraya ne-Pygocentrus cariba zigcwele ezigodini zomfula ngamunye (iSan Francisco eBrazil nase-Orinoco eVenezuela / Colombia, ngokulandelana) futhi sebekhulumile abalingiswa be-morphological. I-Pygocentrus natt audi, yande kakhulu, futhi imibala ingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu besikhathi esifanayo. Umbala wezinhlanzi nawo uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwendawo yokuhlala; izinhlanzi ezihlala emanzini amnyama / Amanzi amnyama ngokuvamile amnyama ngombala omncane obomvu-owolintshi kunalawo ahlala emanzini acacile noma amhlophe.

I-morphology nokwakheka kwezinhlanzi ezindala kungahluka ngokwakhanda kanye nomzimba, ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwezindawo ezimnyama noma iphethini le-mesh ezinhlangothini nasezinjeni.

I-Piranhas (Pygocentrus) - yazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo, izimo zokunakekelwa, ezondlayo nokuzala ziyafana.

IPiranha iqhuma e-aquarium.

Impumelelo yokuzalanisa ama-piranhas ikakhulukazi kuncike ekuqeqeshweni komenzi, ofuna ukondla ngokudla kwezilwane ezisezingeni eliphakeme - izingcezu zenyama ebusayo, inhliziyo yenkomo, isikwati, inhlanzi yolwandle. Ngaphambi kokusaphaza, owesilisa uba muhle kakhulu. Umzimba wakhe umnyama futhi okukhanyayo kwegolide kuyabonakala.

Ukuze ukhiqize ipiranhas, kufanele ulungiselele i-aquarium, umthamo wawo olinganiselwa kumalitha angama-300 kwinhlanzi ngayinye. I-aquarium kufanele ifakwe ngepompo yokuhlunga, idale ukugeleza nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi, ngoba emvelweni yepiranhas isemanzini agobhozayo. Cishe inhlabathi ka-5 cm obukhulu ithululelwa ezansi kwe-aquarium, lapho iduna lizimba umgodi we-caviar.

Izinga lokushisa ekuqhekekeni kufanele libe ngu-28-30 ° C, i-pH ingu-6-7. Nsuku zonke, ama-25% wevolumu yamanzi athathelwa indawo ngamanzi amasha anamapharamitha afanayo. Ukuhlwayeka kungaba ngaphandle kwezitshalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi owesilisa umane “athethe” izitshalo ezingaphansi kwempande uqobo. Ukuhlwayeka kungenzeka ku-aquarium efanayo equkethe izinhlanzi, kodwa ngaphandle komakhelwane. Amacala okuzala kwama-piranhas ezikebheni ezincane ayaziwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, imijovo yama-hormone yanikezwa abakhiqizi.

Inhlanzi ivuthwa eneminyaka engu-1 ubudala nengxenye. I-Pair spawning iyabonakala. Owesilisa uzovikela i-clutch, ngakho-ke kungcono ukutshala ezinye izinhlanzi ngaphambi kokuhluma. Isendlalelo sesidleke esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-20 nobubanzi obuyi-1-1,5 cm ngumhlabathi we-aquarium, lapho owesilisa enza khona ifomu elifanele. I-Spawning ingagqugquzelwa ngokubuyisela ingxenye yamakota wamanzi ngokwenyuka kanyekanye kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi abe ngu-26-28 ° C.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ama-piranhas emi ngenhla komgodi obembiwe phezulu noma phansi. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi ingakhukhula amaqanda angaba ngu-3000 ubukhulu no-1.5 mm. Owesifazane uklanywa ngemuva kokusakazwa.

Ngemuva kokusaphaza, kungakapheli amasonto amabili, abakhiqizi baphinde bakulungele ukuqhuma. Lokhu kungenzeka kuze kube kahlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho, umbala obondayo uyanyamalala bese izinhlanzi ziba nekhefu lokukhiqiza kabusha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.

Yondla gazinga.

Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokuhluma, izibungu zibangelwa amaqanda. Inombolo edingekayo yazo ngeshubhu yengilazi enobubanzi bamamilimitha ayi-10,5 idluliselwa e-aquarium enamanzi ahlanzekile enziwe ngendlela efanayo nasekwindlaleni. Ngosuku lwesithupha, izibungu ziba nefry bese ziqala ukubhukuda. Ngenyanga, gazinga ifinyelela amasentimitha amabili bese ithola umbala wesiliva onamabala amnyama. Ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, amaphiko ezinsizwa aphenduka abe bomvu futhi abe njengama-piranhas amadala, amancane kuphela.

Iphesenti lesivuno sezibungu liphezulu futhi lifinyelela ku-90-95, kanye nezinsizwa ezingena masonto onke - 75-80 senani eliphelele lezibungu. AmaPiranas adla abantu abalimele nababuthakathaka ngezinhlobo zabo. Ngokwesimo sokuphoqeka okuphoqelelwe, izinhlanzi ezincane ziqala ukuhlaselana. Ukuze uvikele insangu, kusukela emavikini amathathu eminyaka, kubalulekile ukuhlunga izingane masonto onke.Kwi-aquarium enamalitha ayi-100, isilinganiso sokutshala esinconyiwe singamakhulu amathathu kuya kwamakhulu amahlanu nefry yanyanga zonke, ezimbili izinyanga ezimbili futhi singabi ngaphezulu kwekhulu izinyanga ezintathu.

Fry zivame ukuhlaselana, kwesinye isikhathi cishe kuze kudliwe ngokuphelele, kusele amakhanda kuphela. Kukhona Ukukhetha kwemvelo okuhlose ukusinda kwabantu abalungele ngokwengeziwe. Ngokwamava kuyaziwa ukuthi cishe nsuku zonke abantu abalimele bavela eqenjini elikhulu lezilwane ezisencane.

Ngesikhathi sokuxabana, ama-piranhas angalimaza kakhulu omunye nomunye. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanzi elunywe kufanele idluliselwe kwenye i-aquarium. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14, izinduna nezicubu kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Lesiomisi sezinwele sokuphulukiswa okusheshayo kwamanxeba asikadingidwa.

Izinyathelo zokugcina ama-piranhas e-aquarium.

Ungagibela i-aquarium nge-piranha egcwele ngezandla zakho nomsebenzi. Into esemqoka ukuthi akukho manxeba noma ama-burrs ezandleni. Futhi, awukwazi ukushayela izinhlanzi endaweni emincane kakhulu, lapho kungekho khona indlela yokuphuma. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-piranhas ayingozi kakhulu abangelwa ukuqhuma. Ukulimala okwatholwa ngabasolwandle cishe kwenzeka njalo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwalezinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa inethi ekhethekile eyenziwe ngocingo oluthambile noma i-twine eyindilinga.

Ukunaka: ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranha zingaba yi-herbivores, futhi kube nokuthula impela, kuyilapho zizodla ukudla kwezilwane ngemithambo yemifino. Lapho ugcina izinhlanzi ezinjalo, noma kunjalo, lalelisisa izinhlanzi ezintsha. Ama-Piranhas ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene afana kakhulu komunye nomunye, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezincane. Izinhlanzi ezintsha kungenzeka zingabi nokuthula kangako, futhi uma uzondla, ungasusa umunwe wakho kalula.

Lapho okungenani kufakwa iconsi elilodwa legazi emanzini, noma isipuni samanzi lapho inyama yayigezwa khona, ama-piranhas aba nesithunzi ngokuphelele futhi abe yingozi kubantu.

Ama-Aquarists asebenzisa imijovo ye-hormone ukuzalanisa ama-piranhas asengozini. Kuchazwa icala lapho ipiranha ishiya amamaki amazinyo esikweni ebambe ikhanda lakhe. Inhlanzi enobude obungamasentimitha angama-20 kuphela ekwazi ukudonsa ucezu lwenyama luze lube ngamasentimitha amabili ukusuka esandleni somuntu ongaphili.

Shibanova Natalya Leonidovna

Ukudla kwezinhlanzi.

Ukuphakelwa kwemifino (isipinashi, izithelo, ukhula, ulethisi, i-dandelion), kanye nokudla okuhlukahlukene okukhona nokuhlanganisiwe kufanelekile kulolu hlobo. Ama-Pisces - abakhiqizi kufanele bahlukaniswe ngaphambi kokuqhuma! Bese utshala ngababili emhlabathini ovulekile. (Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kungaba nomhlabathi omnyama nenani elanele lezitshalo). Ukukhiqiza insikazi eyodwa kuya kumaqanda angama-600! Uma konke kuhambe kahle, khona-ke emva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-6, izibungu ziqala ukubhukuda zodwa zidle ukudla okuncane!

Ukuvela Kwe-Miles Redfin.

Umzimba we-Mileus obomvu-unembo obunjwe-disc. Umbala ungwevu wesiliva. Abesifazane bavame ukuba ngabondayo futhi bakhudlwana kunabesilisa. Abesilisa bayakhanya, babukeka kahle ngemuva kokuqhathaniswa nombala wombala. Futhi, emadodeni, i-anal fin iyi-hue ebomvu nge-notch, ine-ray eyeqile ngokweqile.

Njengoba inhlanzi ihola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, kungcono ukhethe i-aquarium okungenani amalitha angama-200. (ngesilinganiso samalitha angama-30 wamanzi umuntu ngamunye). Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-aquarium kusuka ku-100m ubude. Izinga lamanzi alithobeki. Kepha ukuze uhlale ukhululekile uzodinga amanzi at lokushisa okungama-25-30 degrees C, pH esifundeni se-5-7. Bakhetha amanzi anomoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke kufanele unakekele i-aeration esebenzayo. Kungcono ukubeka okungenani abantu aba-5 e-aquarium eyodwa ukwakha umhlambi.

Usayizi

Ukuziphatha kanye nokuvumelana

Igcinwa kangcono iyodwa e-aquarium yezinhlobo, yize ama-Piranhas amadala kungenzeka angazingeli izinhlanzi ezincane. Kuvame ukuthiwa i-nat natikia yasendle izingela emhlanjini ongeneliseki, kepha imvamisa kuphela yintsha eyakha amaqembu. Abantu abadala bakhona emaqenjini wamahhala futhi bakha ama-hierarchies amakhulu, ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukuthenga noma yiliphi iqembu lesigcino noma i-5+, okuyilona elithandekayo.

Amapharamitha Amanzi:

Zama ukushintsha ama-30-50% wevolumu ye-aquarium masonto onke, futhi futhi uqaphele ikakhulukazi lapho wenza umsebenzi wokulungisa noma ukudoba, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, qaphela.

Umsoco

Ukudla okungokwemvelo kuqukethe inhlanzi ebukhoma kanye nama-invertebrates asemanzini, izinambuzane, amantongomane, imbewu nezithelo. Umhlathi ngamunye unomugqa owodwa wamazinyo abukhali, anxantathu asetshenziswa njengamabhobo ukubhoboza, ukuklebhula, ukugaya nokuchoboza.

Kwesinye isikhathi bahlasela izinhlanzi ezigulayo noma ezifayo, zisebenzisa izinsalela ezivela kumathambo ezinhlobo ezinkulu, kepha ukuhlaselwa kwezilwane eziphilayo eziwela emanzini akuvamile kakhulu futhi kukhathaza ukuluma okungahleliwe noma amacala lapho inqwaba yalezi zinhlanzi ihlala emizimbeni emincane yamanzi ngesikhathi somile .

E-aquarium yezinsizwa, ezinhlamvwini zegazi, izidumbu ezincane zomhlaba, umfudu ocijile, nokunye okunjalo kunganikezwa, ngenkathi abantu abadala bezothatha izingcezu zezinhlanzi zamadonsa, isudu yonke, izimbaza, imihlonyane emikhulu yomhlaba, njll.

Le nhlobo akufanele iphekwe inyama yezilwane ezincelisayo noma izinkukhu, ngoba amanye ama-lipid aqukethe kuzo awakwazi ukudonswa kahle yinhlanzi futhi angadala amafutha omzimba ngokweqile futhi nokuwohloka kwesitho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho inzuzo ekondleni izinhlanzi ezinjengezinhlanzi eziphilayo noma ezincane zegolide, ezithwala ubungozi besifo futhi, njengomthetho, azinalo inani eliphakeme lokudla.

Dimorphism Yocansi

Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Redfin Mile:

Umphumela wokuzalela iRedfin mileus incike ekudleni okuningana futhi okuhlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ukuqhekeka. Ukuze uthole izizathu ezinwebekayo, kusetshenziswa ama-aquariums anomthamo okungenani wamalitha ayi-150. Umhlaba okhephuzelayo ugcwaliswa yisigcawu esingaphansi komhlaba, okuyilapho izimpande zazo zingaxuxuxu, inhlwathi yasemanzini noma ungqimba lomhlabathi ngendlela yamatshe amatshe afanele. Ukusuka kwesinye kuya kwabathathu kuthathelwe ku-aquarium eyodwa, futhi kufanele kube nabesilisa abengeziwe. Isimo senhlanzi esijabulisayo siyabonakala ngokushesha esweni elinqunu - inhlanzi inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuzala komuntu ngamunye cishe amaqanda angama-2000. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ngokucophelela umbuso wokushisa wamanzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi akufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-27 degrees C no-pH 6.5. Futhi, ukuhlunga okusebenzayo kumane kudingekile, ngoba ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo i-Krasnoplavnichny mile spawns emanzini agobhozayo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, izibungu ziqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-7- 7, izibungu zijika zibe-gazinga, esingavele zibhukude zidle ngokwazo. Fry unolaka, ngakho-ke kuvame ukudingisisa ngosayizi. Fry uphekelwa ngama-rotifers noma nge-brine shrimp. Umuntu ngamunye ufinyelela eminyakeni yokuthomba.

Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lunokukhathazeka okungokwemvelo ngezingane, abesilisa banesibopho kulokhu. Bemba umgodi omncane ovame ukuzungezwa. Futhi, ngemuva kokusakazeka, izinsikazi zesifazane zigada "isidleke". Ngemuva kokusakazeka, izinsikazi zidinga ukukhishwa.

Ukubukeka kweRed Paku.

Umzimba omude, oyisicaba umbozwe ngezikali zesiliva, inhloko enkulu enomhlathi onamandla. Umzimba ophansi namaphiko zipendiwe ngombala obomvu obukhulu. Imicu emnyama emangalisa ihamba eceleni komphetho we-caudal. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa.

Ukuze ube nenhlala kahle, i-piranha ene-herbivorous idinga i-aquarium yezinhlobo ezibanzi ngomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-200. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele libe ngu-26- 28 ° C ngokuhlunga okuhle kanye nogesi. Izici zamanzi: dH = 0-20, pH = 6.0-7.0. Ukushintshwa kwamanzi kufanele kwenziwe kaningi, kuze kufike ku-25-30% ngeviki ingqikithi. Izitshalo zepulasitiki ezisetshenziselwa umhlobiso kuphela, ngoba izinhlanzi zidla noma yiziphi izitshalo ezise-aquarium. Kwezitshalo eziphilayo, yi-Javanese moss kuphela, engenampilo yezinhlanzi eziningi, engasinda. I-Red Paku idinga indawo ebanzi yokubhukuda, kanye nezindawo zokukhosela ngendlela yamatshe noma imishayo. Ingagcinwa nenhlanzi ephakathi noma enkulu enosayizi efanayo.

Ukuzala Red Paku.

Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu. E-aquarium, ukukhula akuvamile ukufinyelela ku-50 cm.Lapho kuzalaniswa, kudliwa ukudla okuphilayo kuphela. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, i-pacu ebomvu ingaba nolaka. Njengesizathu sokunwebeka, kusetshenziswa i-aquarium enkulu enomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-150-300, lapho kutshalwa khona amabhangqa ama-3-6 epiranhas (abesilisa abaningi). Lapho ijabule, inhlanzi ishintsha umbala ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuzala kungafinyelela kumaqanda angama-2000 ngebhangqa ngalinye. Ukushisa kwamanzi kudinga ama-degrees angama-27. Fry ziqala ukubhukuda futhi zizondle ngokwazo esikhathini esingangesonto. Fry unolaka, udinga ukuwahlunga njalo ngosayizi. Imvamisa bondliwe nge-artemia nama-rotifers.

Ukubukeka:

Umumo womzimba uthambileka kamuva, uyindilinga. I-flake yombala wensimbi nge-tint yesiliva. Lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi ye-aquarium lubonakala ngamehlo esiliva ngasesiteji esimnyama esime mpo.Idorsal fin imude futhi iqondile, kanti ne-caudal fin igobile kancane. Amafutha amaningi akade, kepha i-anal fin inesisekelo eside. Amaphiko ayabonakala. Umbala wangemuva ungaba grey-blue, brown or greenish. Umbala wezinhlangothi uyashintsha ngokuya ngokukhanya futhi ungakha umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi. Futhi ezinhlangothini zomzimba kungahle kube nezindawo ezimnyama nemivimbo emincane edlulayo emnyama, ukuba khona kwayo kuncike kwimvelaphi yenhlanzi ethile. Isisu simhlophe. Kwabesifazane, umphetho we-anal fin uqondile, ichopho lidluliswe ngombala obomvu ngombala. Owesilisa uhluke kowesifazane ngobukhulu obuncane nemaphethelo we-anal fin, futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala umzimba wonke wesilisa uba bomvu wegolide. Ezimweni zemvelo, isibuko sezinhlanzi sikhula sifinyelele ku-15 cm, kepha e-aquarium ubukhulu baso buzoba buncane.

Izimo in the Metinnis aquarium:

IMetinnis vulgaris yinhlanzi enobungane nenhloni. Ngenxa yokuthi iyathontelana, kunconywa ukuyigcina iyindawo ekhethekile e-aquarium yabantu abangu-7-16. Ungayixazulula e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kepha ngezinhlanzi ezingalingana naye. Ngezinhlanzi zesibuko, kungcono ukukhetha i-aquarium evaliwe enomthamo wamalitha angama-200 (mhlawumbe ngaphezulu) nomhlabathi omnyama. Kungcono ukugcwalisa i-aquarium ngezitshalo ezinama-hard hard, ngoba izinhlanzi ezinamafutha athambile ziyadla. Okokuhlobisa, amatshe kanye ne-driftwood kufanelekile, kuyilapho kungenayo amakhambi we-calcium ne-magnesium ekwakhiweni kwawo. Amandla okukhanyisa kusuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-0,7 W / l, ubunzima bamanzi aze afike ku-15 °, izinga lokushisa lisuka ku-23 liye ku-28 ° C, kanye ne-pH 6.5-7.0. Ukudla kwezinhlanzi - cishe ama-80% kungukudla kwezitshalo, isibonelo: isipinashi esinezikali noma ulethisi, ama-dandelion, ama-nettle noma ama-Brussels amahlumela, kanti ama-20% asele angabelwa ukudla okuphilayo.

Ukuzala Metinnis vulgaris:

Ukuthomba kwenzeka eneminyaka engaba unyaka. Njengomthetho, ukuqhekeka kusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi (ubulukhuni kuze kufike ku-4 °, pH 6.4-7.0, izinga lokushisa 26-30 ° С). Ukuzalanisa kuvame ukukhetha abantu abasha. Ukugcina izinsuku ezimbalwa ngokwahlukana izinhlanzi ezimbalwa, zinikeze ukondla okuningi. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa e-aquarium yamalitha angama-200. ezinezitshalo ezincane ezinamashiya atshalwe kuwo. Owesifazane uvame ukuphonsa kusuka kumaqanda angama-300 kuye kwangama-1000 angabonakali enamathele nge-tinge ephuzi kancane. Ngemuva kokuhlakazeka, izinhlanzi ziyahlakazwa zisuka ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi. Isikhathi sokufakelwa sithatha izinsuku ezingama-4, kuthi ezinsukwini ezingama-4-7, izibungu seziqale ukubhukuda futhi zidle. Ukudla kwabo kokuqala kuzoba yi-artemia nauplii, iplankton encane, ukudla okwenziwe ngamahlamvu noma ulethisi osikiwe.

Lesina Oksana Alexandrovna.

Ukuzala Ngokubomvu kwePiranha:

Ngaphambi kokusaphaza, owesilisa uba muhle kakhulu : kumnyama, kukhazimulise ngegolide. Ukuvuselela ukuqhuma, ama-25% wevolumu yamanzi kufanele afakwe esikhundleni nsuku zonke futhi izinga lokushisa liphakanyiswe ngama-degree ambalwa. I-aquarium kufanele ifakwe ngepompo yokuhlunga, ukudala ukugeleza (ngokwemvelo amanzi agobhozayo kuyadingeka ekusizeni). Iduna lenza umgodi emhlabathini we-caviar, bese insikazi ime mpo ngaphezulu komgodi (ingakhukhula amaqanda angaba ngu-3000), ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, itshaliwe.Ukunwebeka kungenziwa ekusakazeni noma e-aquarium lapho kugcinwa khona izinhlanzi, kepha owesilisa uvikela izimbumbulu ngakho-ke, ukuze kugwenywe ukuqina okunamagazi, kungcono ukutshala omakhelwane. Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokusakazeka, izibungu zesibungu, ngosuku lwe-6 zizophenduka zibe-gazinga bese zibhukuda, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezi-4 zikwazi ukudla izidleke zezinkukhu noma izibungu zika-Artemia. Ngenyanga, gazinga ifinyelela amasentimitha amabili futhi ithole umbala wesiliva obonwe. Ezinyangeni ezi-2, la manzi abomvu, avele abe njengama-piranhas amancane abantu abadala. Kusukela kumaviki ama-3 ubudala, ama-fry adinga ukuhlungwa, ngoba anolaka futhi i-cannibalism ithuthukiswe kakhulu (amakhulu azodla amancane), angalulana kakhulu (inhlanzi ezilunywe kufanele zedluliselwe kwenye i-aquarium, kuthi izinhlayiya nezicubu zizobuyiselwa emavikini ambalwa). Njengoba bekhula, abancane bondliwa ngeDaphnia, ishubhu kanye nemifino yegazi, kancane kancane bethula inyama nenhlanzi ekudleni. Kusukela ezinyangeni ezintathu thatha ukudla kwabantu abadala. Ama-piranhas amasha abomvu avuthwa ngonyaka owodwa nesigamu.

I-piranha ye-dwar.

I-Dwarf piranha (i-serrasalmus hollandi) ingeyama-characides aseMelika (uhlobo lweSerrasalmus- oludlayo olusebenzayo) , iyinhlanzi efundayo, ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm. Inomzimba omude ombozwe izikali ezincane ezicwebezelayo, inenhloko emincane enomthungo ngemuva, nomlomo omkhulu onamazinyo abukhali (abukeka njengonxantathu 4-5 mm ukuphakama futhi atholakala emazinyweni umhlathi ongenhla ungene kahle emafulethini aphakathi kwamazinyo omhlathi ophansi). Umbala we-hollandi uyisiliva, unamachashazi amnyama emzimbeni, i-anal fin igcwele bomvu, inomngcele omnyama emaphethelweni e-caudal fin. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, i-hollandi iyingozi, isengumhlaseli.

I-Serrasalmus hollandi ngumhlambi ojwayelekile wezinhlanzi ze-aquarium (zigcinwa kahle kakhulu cishe izinhlanzi ezi-10,5 zabantu abadala, ngoba ngaphandle kwezihlobo ziyadangala) I-Aquarium yamalitha angaba ngu-400 anendawo eyanele yokubhukuda, amachibi amakhulu, indawo yokukhosela esezibayeni nasematsheni. Amanzi kufanele ahlungwelwe, aerated, futhi kufakwe kabusha nsuku zonke amanzi ayi-10-15%. Ithanda amanzi athambile, ukusabela kancane noma ukungathathi hlangothi, izinga lokushisa lingama-24- 26 ° (lokushisa lokuhluka nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali alifaneleki). Bahlangana ngokuthula nezinye izinhlanzi zesibambiso (amakhaza kanye ameva), kepha noma kunjalo akufanele ugcine ama-piranhas elamba. Ama-Piranhas ayizinhlanzi ezinamahloni, ngakho-ke udinga ukugcina u-aquarium kude nomthombo womsindo (chofoza nje engilazini, ukunyakaza okubukhali eduze ne-aquarium ukuze ipiranhas iphelelwe amandla).

Ukuzalaniswa kwepadan piranha:

Impumelelo yokuzala incike ekudleni okukhwalithi ngaphambi kokuhluma (izingcezu zenyama ebunjiwe, izinhliziyo, ama-squid, izinhlanzi zasolwandle). Esimweni esijabulisayo, izinhlanzi zithola umbala onsomi. I-Spawning ingavuswa ngokwenyusa izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifike ku-28 ° C. Ukuze zizalaniswe, kungcono ukutshala iqembu lezinhlanzi (abesilisa abangaphezulu) emhlabathini osabekayo (cishe amalitha angama-300). Ukuhlwayeka kungenzeka ku-aquarium efanayo equkethe izinhlanzi, kodwa kungcono ukutshala ezinye izinhlanzi ngaphambi kokusakazeka. Kudingeka iphampu yokuhlunga enamandla ehlanza amanzi futhi idale ukugeleza, futhi iguquke ibe yingxenye yekota nsuku zonke. Inhlabathi eminyene engu-5 cm ithululelwa ezansi kwe-aquarium, lapho owesilisa ezokwemba umgodi we-caviar (amaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziningana). Ukudla okuqala kokwefry: artemia, daphnia kamuva, ishubhu kanye nesifo segazi. Ukusuka ezinyangeni ezi-3 ungashintshela ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Ngokuvamile kubalulekile ukuhlela izingane ngosayizi, uma kungenjalo ezinkulu zingadla ezincane.

I-Slender piranha.

IPiranha - inhlanzi yomndeni wakwa-haracin, ingeyangaphansi kolwandle olunamanzi amancane futhi ihlala emifuleni yaseNingizimu Melika.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-piranhas emhlabeni, ukuhluka ngezibonakaliso zangaphandle, iningi lazo linobude obungama-30 cm kanye nezimpawu zobulili ezingehlukaniseki kahle. Yize ama-angler ezazi amacala lapho i-piranha ifinyelela ku-80 cm ubude nangekhilogremu enesisindo.Futhi uma izindaba zangaphambili mayelana nalezi ezimbi, eziluma izinhlanzi ezihlala e-Amazon, izingane ezesabekayo ebusuku, manje ama-piranas izinhlanzi ze-aquarium.

Ikakhulu, ungazalela izinhlobo ezifana neSlim piranha. Lezi zinhlanzi zinobukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-25-30, umzimba ophakeme wesiliva onsomi onophondo olubanzi ngombala omnyama ngaphansi komsila namapokhethi amancane kulo lonke ubude. Emhlabeni wezilwane, ngokungafani nezomuntu, abesilisa banombala ogqamile kunowesifazane. Futhi uSerrasalmus elongatus njengohlobo kuyashiyana. IPiranhas ivuthwa eneminyaka emithathu. Futhi ngokudla kwenyama, isisu sikhula ngokushesha. Yize ungondla ngezikelemu nangezinhlwayi zegazi, noma izinsalela zenhlanzi efile. Lapha kuyadingeka ukuhlala eqinisweni lokuthi ama-piranhas anaka kakhulu izinhlanzi ezincane eziphilayo uma zingahlushwa yindlala.

Izici zokugcina ama-piranhas ama-Slim e-aquarium:

Kodwa-ke, ngesimo sayo, le nhlobo ihlala iyisilwane esidala, yingakho izimo ezikhethekile zidingeka ekugcineni umuntu ngamunye walezi zinhlanzi. IPiranha e-aquarium ithanda izikhala ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Kumabili ama-Serrasalmus elongatus, i-aquarium okungenani amalitha ayi-150 isivele iyadingeka, ngoba ezindaweni ezisondelene nalezi zinhlanzi zingalumana, noma zibe nolaka kwezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu. Kungakho noma imaphi ama-piranhas, kufaka phakathi lawo mancane, agcinwa kahle kakhulu endaweni egcwele amanzi egcwele izitshalo nangokuhlunga okuhle kwamanzi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlanganyele nezinhlanzi zakho ezidla ngokuqondile. Futhi nansi izeluleko zabachwepheshe abanolwazi. Njengoba i-piranha iyinhlanzi enkulu futhi enolaka, udinga ukuyibamba ngenetha elinensimbi yensimbi. Ngaphandle, umuntu mdala, ngenxa yomhlathi othuthukile namazinyo abukhali e-razor, akakwazi ukudonsa hhayi kuphela izicubu nemithambo, kodwa futhi amathambo nezinduku. Ngakho-ke uma udinga ukuhambisa inhlanzi, kufanele uqaphele.

Yize ochwepheshe bethi endaweni yama-piranhas e-aquarium balahlekelwa ulaka lwabo, nokuthi ungasebenza nalo ngezandla zakho ezingenalutho. Bashaqekile endaweni yemvelo baba namahloni kokufakelwa. Izinhlanzi azithandi ukushukunyiswa kwangaphandle: amathunzi, umsindo. Futhi ngisho nokushaywa okukhanyayo ngomunwe engilazini kungavusa amandla okufikelwa yinhlanzi noma ukwethuka okushubile ezungeze i-aquarium.

I-piranhas emincane e-aquarium:

Uma uhlela ukuzala izinhlanzi ezidla inyama, udinga ukukhumbula amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile. Ukusabalalisa kwenziwa kangcono emanzini acwebile futhi athambile, ngaphansi kwalezo zimo, isivuno sezibungu sikhuphuka kakhulu. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi abesilisa, njengomthetho, banezinga eliphakeme lokuzala, umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuthola i-fry ukukhethwa ngqo kwesikhathi sokudla ku-larva. Into esemqoka lapha ukuyinikeza inani elanele lokudla (isibonelo, ama-rotifers, futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-nauplii artemia). Izinga lokukhula kwefry liphezulu kakhulu, imvamisa ngokudla okwanele, ngenyanga ifinyelela kubude obungama-2-2,5 cm. Futhi ngenxa yalokho badinga izikhala ezinkulu. Isibonelo, wenzalo ekhulayo ye-piranhas eyodwa, ama-aquariums ngokwesilinganiso amalitha angama-3500 ayadingeka. Ezinye izidingo ziyafana nakuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Kuyamangaza ukuthi inani labasolwandle abahilelekile ekuzaleni ama-piranhas likhulu impela. Futhi lokhu ngaphandle kobunzima bokuqinisekisa inqubo yokuzala kanye nemibandela yokukhula kwezingane. Ngezinsuku zakudala, iRussia yathola impumelelo enhle emakethe yokuthengisa i-piranha. Kepha manje umsebenzi wesiphithiphithi wabasolwandle usudlulile, futhi izwe selilahlekelwe kulo mkhakha.

Karleev Sergey Andreevich.

Ifulegi (noma i-pennty) piranha.

Ifulegi (noma i-pennty) i-piranha Catoprion mento isichazamazwi sesi-Latin se-Serrasalmus mento, Mylesinus macropterus. Le yinhlanzi enamanzi amnandi, engokwesigaba senhlanzi enamaphinifa, umyalo wama-haraciniformes, umndeni we-haracin, i-serrasalm subfamily, we-genus Catoprion. Kwenzekile ukuthi lokhu kuphela kommeleli wohlobo.Umzimba omuhle wele piranha enezikali ezimpunga zesiliva ubude obuyi-10-15 cm. Ubudala bezinhlanzi buvame ukulinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-10-12. UPiranha uhlala eColombia, eGuiana, eBrazil, eVenezuela, eBolivia, emigodini ye-Amazon, iRio Negra, i-Orinoco, i-Eisekibo.

Ukuvela kophawu lwefulegi

Isici esibonakalayo sefulegi lefulegi umhlathi ophansi oqinile, njenge-bulldog yesiNgisi. Okunye ukuhlobisa ngale nhlanzi indawo ebabazekayo ebabazekayo kwizibuko. Ngokuvamile, le piranha ingabizwa ngokuphephile ngokuthi yi-coquette: umucu omnyama obanzi empandeni yomsila, amaphiko akhanya ngokusobala wesimo esihle kakhulu, esidala kakhulu, ngokushintshela ku-pigtails yemisebe eyeqisayo. Ukwehluka kobulili akubonakali kangako, kuvame ukuvezwa ngesimo sesisu. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka eneminyaka eyi-1.5-2 yeminyaka.

Izimo kanye nezici zezinhlanzi ezise-aquarium.

I-Flag piranha ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu ku-aquarium. Izimo zokulungiswa kwayo zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo: i-aquarium ebanzi iyadingeka, izinga lokushisa lingama-23-28 degrees, ubunzima bamanzi bufika ku-15 °, i-acidity yi-pH 5-7.2. Ukuzwela ekushintshashintsheni ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali kwamanzi. Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi okunconyiwe - hhayi kaningi kakhulu, ezingxenyeni ezincane. Ukukhanyisa kuyinto elinganiselayo, inhlabathi - amatshe amatshe, isihlabathi, utshani ngohlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe.

Isimo "sobuhle" asilindelekile. E-aquarium, ipiranha yefulegi izokhombisa ngokushesha ukuthi ngubani umphathi endlini. Izakhamizi ezincane zizodliwa ngokuphephile isidlo sasekuseni, kanti ezinkulu zizolahlekelwa amaphiko, umsila nengxenye yesikali. I-piranha yeflegi ekhazimulayo ngaphandle kokungabaza izinsensane esikalini ngisho nangezinhlanzi kaningana ezikhudlwana. Maye, lolu hlobo lwe-piranha alulungele impilo ehlanganyelwayo. Ukulwa kungenzeka phakathi kwabesifazane naphakathi kwabesilisa. Umuntu omncane kuphela angahlala e-aquarium ejwayelekile.

Ukudla kwePiranha

Emvelweni piranha udla ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi aziphishekela ngenkuthalo, noma ukuhlasela okuqhamuka lapho aqamekele. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, ukudla kwazo kufaka izinambuzane, ama-crustaceans, izinyoni ezibanjwe emanzini, kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo, ezihuquzelayo kanye ne-amphibians. Ngamanye amagama, inyamazane piranhas noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo singaba esidonsile ngandlela thile ukunakwa kwephakethe elambile labazingeli futhi singazange sibe nesikhathi sokushiya emanzini. Umhlambi ngamunye piranha ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, gxila ngaphansi kwezihlahla izinyoni ezihlala kuzo. Isineke silinde umzuzu lapho iphuphu liphuma esidlekeni.

Ukondla piranhas ku-aquarium akubangeli ubunzima. Ukudla kwabo kwansuku zonke kungaqukatha imicu ecishe ibe yinoma iyiphi inhlanzi enamafutha amancane, izingcezu ze-squid, shrimp, inhliziyo yenkomo, njll.). Ngeke benqabe ukuziphilisa ngezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Ngenxa yomphimbo obanzi nomhlathi ophansi oshukumisayo, omdala piranha ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu ungagwinya inhlanzi yonke yamasentimitha ayishumi.

Izinhlanzi ezincane zondliwa nsuku zonke, izinhlanzi zabantu abadala - zonke ezinye izinsuku noma nsuku zonke, kepha ukuvimbela ukukhuluphala, zihlela usuku lokuzila ukudla okukodwa noma ezimbili ngesonto.

Lapho unikeza izingcezu ezinkulu zokudla, kufanele zimiswe ngocingo. Lapho yehlisa ucezu olunjalo emanzini, ngesikhathi sokuqala umhlambi wonke ugijimela kuleloba. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, njengomthetho, umuntu omncane kunabo bonke unquma ukubhukuda aye ekudleni futhi alume ingxenye yakhe encane. Ngemuva kokuthi wonke amanye amalungu epakethe eqinisekile ukuthi akukho lutho olubi olwenzekile kusihlobo sawo, bagijimisana ndawonye ukuze baphange futhi ngemizuzwana akukho lutho olusalayo.

Imvamisa ekushicilelweni okukhulunywa ngakho piranhas , kuthiwa ngekhono labo lokuluma ngocingo cishe lwensimbi. Eqinisweni, ngenqubo yokondleka, piranha uziphathe ngokucophelela. Ukuzwa noma iyiphi into eqinile ngaphansi kwamazinyo ami piranha izama ukuluma ucezu oluncane, uma lokhu kwehluleka, iwushiya ngokuphelele umzamo wokuluma okuthile.
Esisulu sakhe piranha basika ngamazinyo abo abukhali e-razor, zonke izingxenye ezithambile, ithambo, njengomthetho, lihlala linjalo. Noma isenjabulo, ngisho nezinhlanzi ezinkulu eziphonswa ukondla, zingadliwa kalula ngesigamu.

I-Piranhas njengabanye abahlaseli, badla ngokushesha futhi kungcolile, bezama ukugcwalisa isisu sabo ngekusasa uma kungenzeka. Izicucu ezincane zokudla eziwela phansi zivame ukunganakwa yizo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukunikeza izinhlanzi ukudla zibe yizicucu ezikwazi ukukugwinya ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuphula.

Ukuze ulondoloze umbala obomvu ngombala wepiranhas, kuyathandeka ukuthi kufakwe inyama yenkanyamba noma epinki ekudleni kwayo.

I-Piranhas - Dimorphism yezocansi

I-dimorphism yezocansi ivezwa buthaka: izinsikazi zivame ukuba zikhulu kunabesilisa, kepha ukuze ukwahlulela lokhu, inhlanzi kufanele ibe yobudala obufanayo futhi ikhuliswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, okungenzeka ukuthi ziyenzeka.
Isibonakaliso esithembeke kakhudlwana i-keel yesisu, kowesilisa uma ebukwa kusukela ngaphambili, inesimo sencwadi u-V, futhi kwabesifazane - ukwakheka kwencwadi u-U.

Amazir piranha - inganekwane e-aquarium yasekhaya

I-piranha evamile inokwehlukahluka kwegama - elibomvu, elibomvu noma iNutterera. Uma ufaka elinye lalawa magama piranha yasekhaya, ngeke ube nephutha. Izidlamlilo zokuqala zivele ezinhlanzini zabathandi bemvelo abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 edlule. Zalethwa ezweni lethu maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ukusuka emanzini ase-Amazon nase-Orinoco.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kwepiranha ye-aquarium iba ngesikhathi sokuthomba okugcwele. Esithombeni, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kubonakala ngokucacile kusuka kwensimbi ebuyela emuva kwisiliva nesisu esibomvu, umphimbo kanye ne-anal fin. Izinhlanzi ezinamabala abomvu zifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-30 ubude endle kuthi ezingama-25 e-aquarium. Emvelweni bahlala emhlambini. Inani eliphansi labantu abaseqenjini elilodwa yimisila engama-20. Bahlangana ukwenza lula ukusesha kokudla. AmaPiranas angabazingeli abanonya, ngakho-ke bakhetha isisulu futhi basihlasele ngephakethe. Lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengolunonya kunabo bonke babahlali bamanzi omhlaba.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-piranas akunzima ukuwanakekela futhi aqine impela, kungcono ukuwagcina ngokuba ngumuntu wasemanzini onolwazi. Ungawabukeli phansi amandla akhe abukhali nokubamba kwakhe ukufa. Abafuyi abangenalwazi bangathola kuye izinyo ngenxa yokungazi nokunganaki. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ubeke i-aquarium ngezilwane ezizingelayo ziphansi uma unezingane ezincane.

Ama-Piranhas awalungele izindawo zasemanzini ezinezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi. Bancamela inkampani "yabo", kepha amacala abuhlungu awakhishwa lapho. Uma ubhekisisa kakhulu le mikhuba, ungathola umholi. Uhlala okokuqala ukudla, uthatha izindawo ezinhle kakhulu, akhombisa ukuthi ngubani umnikazi ku-aquarium yasekhaya, futhi, imvamisa, ngobukhulu ngobukhulu. Akuyona into engajwayelekile ukuthi kube nemibukiso lapho kwenzeka lapho kucaciswa. Aggression kanye cannibalism ayikhishwa. Okuwukuphela kwendlela ongazama ukugcwala kuyo i-piranha yipaki emnyama, inqobo nje uma lokhu okwedlule kungakafinyeleli ebusheni futhi kubhekwa njengesemusha.

I-piranha eyodwa izophila e-aquarium, kodwa kungcono ukuqala abantu abaningana ngasikhathi sinye. Ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu, udinga ukukhetha ukuthunyelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium. Umuntu oyedwa ubala cishe amalitha ayi-150 wamanzi, kufanele kucatshangelwe ipharamitha efanayo uma uthatha isinqumo sokuxazulula izinhlanzi eziningana echibini lokufakelwa. Ama-Piranhas aqhakaza kakhulu, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, akhiqiza imfucuza eningi, ngakho-ke cabanga ngokucophelela ukukhetha kwesihlungi namandla aso. Ababulali abasebenzayo sekuphele iminyaka eyi-10 behlala emanzini, lokhu kufanele kubhekwe ngaphambi kokuhlela i-aquarium.

Izidingo zamanzi:

• Amalitha ayi-150 umuntu ngamunye
• Inani elikhulu lamakhephelo,
• Amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nokubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kwansuku zonke,
• Isihlungi esinamandla nesihlungi esisebenzayo.

Qapha ngokucophelela ukuziphatha kwezilwane ezifuywayo futhi uvame ukwenza izivivinyo ukunquma okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia emanzini.

Ukubukeka nezici zesici se-aquarium piranhas

Ngaphandle, ama-piranas awafani kakhulu nezilwane ezidla ezinye - ngokubukeka kuyinhlanzi evamile enokuthula yomndeni we-carp. Kepha ukuba khona kwamazinyo angunxantathu futhi abukhali avela kugqabha kwenza kube yingozi kwabokuhlala e-aquarium.

Umbala wabantu abasha awuphawuleki, ngokuyisisekelo lolu uhla oluncanyana lwemibala kusuka ku-grey omnyama kuya kokumpunga okukhanyayo.Amabhloka esiliva ahlukile ngemuva kwesisekelo esikhulu. Umhlane uvame ngandlela thile ukuba mnyama kuno mzimba omkhulu wezinhlanzi, kanti nomsila uboshwe umucu omnyama. Ukukhula, ama-piranas apendwe ngokuphelele ngombala wesiliva.

Umzimba ucindezelwa kamuva, unesimo esenziwe njenge-disc. Kuze kube sekufeni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane.

I-piranha enolayini omkhulu ingabizwa ngokuthi ilula ekugcineni izinhlanzi. Zidinga indawo ehlaba umxhwele - isilinganiso samalitha okungenani amanzi angama-50 inhlanzi ngayinye. Futhi, e-aquarium ungaqukatha uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-piranha, uma kungenjalo, lapho abantu bolunye uhlobo behlanganyelwa lapho, izingxabano phakathi kwabo azinakugwenywa.

Ama-Piranhas awakubekezeleli ukuguquguquka okubukhali kumapharamitha wamanzi. Ngokufanelekile, amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke, abe acidic kancane, athambile, agcwele umoya-mpilo. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele libe phakathi kuka-24- 26 ° C. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-piranhas yizinyoni zomhlaba, inyama, ama-squid kanye nezinkemba, izinkemba nezinye izinhlanzi ezingabizi. Njengokuphakelwa kokugcina, ungabheka inhliziyo, izinkukhu kanye nenyama yenkomo.

Ukuzalwa kwamapiranhas

Isimo esibalulekile sokuzalelwa kwezinhlanzi umthamo we-aquarium ekhethiwe - iqhude elilodwa lezinhlanzi ngama-300 wamalitha amanzi. Ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kabusha kutholakala ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, nsuku zonke kufakwa ingxenye yamakota omthamo wamanzi e-aquarium kanye nokondla okuthuthukisiwe kwezinhlanzi ezibukhoma.

Ngemuva kokuthatha isinqumo sokuba ngumfuyi we-piranha, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi ukhawulele ukufinyelela kwamahhala kwezingane e-aquarium.

Piranha ku-aquarium

Izinhlanzi ezi-piranha ezidlekayo ezivame ukuba ngumhlobiso wamamakhaya wasekhaya. Ngokuya ngemithetho ethile yokuboshwa, ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranhas zingahlala kahle kulezo zimo. Okuvame kakhulu kuzo yi-piranha ejwayelekile, i-pak ebomvu, i-metinnis yenyanga kanye ne-metinnis ejwayelekile.

Ukuhlela i-aquarium yama-piranhas futhi ubanakekele kunama-nuances ayo nezici zayo. Okokuqala, umbuso ofanele wokushisa ubalulekile - kububanzi ukusuka ku-+25 kuya ku- + 28 ° С. Ukuze uyilondoloze, kufanele kube khona i-thermometer ne-heater yamanzi e-aquarium. Ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa isikhathi eside kungaholela ezifweni zezinhlanzi, ukuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba, ukulimala kwenhliziyo, njll.

Ngokuqondene nenani le-aquarium, kuwo wonke ama-2,5 cm omzimba wezinhlanzi udinga amalitha ayi-8 amanzi. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, inani elincane lamanzi e-aquarium lishiya amalitha ayi-100. Ukuntuleka kwesikhala kuthinta ukusebenza kwezakhamizi - ama-piranhas angakhubazeka omunye komunye. Futhi njengoba ama-piranhas ethanda ukucasha, imifino, i-driftwood, izindlu, imihume nezinye izindawo zokukhosela kufanele kube khona ku-aquarium.

I-Aquarium piranha

Mhlawumbe munye kuphela ushaka ongancintisana nabo ngenani lezinganekwane nezindaba okukhulunywa ngazo kulezi zinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquarists amaningi, lapho ithuba livela, ngokushesha athole umbono wokugcina izidalwa ezinamandla nezidumile ekhaya. Ziyiqiniso kangakanani lezi zindaba ezikhohlakele mayelana nokuziphatha kwabo okunesihluku, futhi kunzima kangaka ukugcina izinhlanzi ze-piranha aquarium?

Ungayondla kanjani i-aquarium piranhas?

Kulezi zilwane ezidla inyama, ama-tadpoles, izinhlanzi ezincane, amasele, izihlanzana zezinhlanzi ezinqunyiwe, kanye nama-shrimps kungaba kukudla okuhle kakhulu. Kungcono ukungayiniki inyama ye-piranha, bathi lapho-ke umbala wabo ungaphela. Kwesinye isikhathi uma kukhona ushintsho banganikezwa imifino eluhlaza (isipinashi, amazambane aluhlaza, i-zucchini). Akuwona wonke ama-piranhas e-aquarium anegazi kakhulu, kukhona nohlobo lwe-herbivorous - pacu. Ufana nezinye, kepha lezi zidalwa azinamazinyo amabi futhi azinangozi. Simangalisa futhi asikhethi kakhulu ekuphakeleni. Ama-piranhas e-Aquarium abukeka emuhle endlini yengilazi yawo, akunzima kangako ukuyigcina. Ukwenza izindlela ezilula zansuku zonke, ungajabulela kusihlalo esithambile ngenkathi uwadlala, uzicabange usemabhange e-Amazon.

Izinhlanzi zemali e-aquarium yasekhaya

Uyazi ukuthi ama-piranha-imifino ahlala emhlabeni wethu? Kuyavela ukuthi izinhlanzi ezinamagazi amaningi kakhulu zingaphephile kubantu futhi zingabalethela nenhlanhla!

I-Common Metinis (isiliva, iSchreimüller, idola-inhlanzi, i-lat. Metynnis argentus) iyinhlanzi eyinqwaba yomndeni wakwaKharatsin. Ihlala emanzini ase-Amazon. Ngokungafani ne-piranha (isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu), iyisidalwa esinokuthula nesinamahloni kancane. Ithanda amathikhethi aseceleni, idla i-algae, yize ingakwenqabeli ukudla kwamaprotheni. Zinamazinyo amancane.

Izinhlanzi ezingama-Metinis zihlala zigcwala izakhamizi zezindawo zokugcina amanzi, kodwa zivumelana ngokuphelele nezimo ze-aquarium. Endle, ubude bawo bufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15, ekuthunjweni ancipha kancane. Ungabakhubekisi omakhelwane e-aquarium futhi abesabi izinhlanzi ezinkulu. Ngenxa yomzimba oyindilinga ngokuphelele, okhumbuza ngohlamvu lwemali lwesiliva, bathola igama elithi “umthengisi wezinhlanzi”, “isibuko sezinhlanzi”. Abazithobi ngokuphelele kokuqukethwe, ngakho-ke bazokujabulisa iso lamakhaya, abasebenzi basehhovisi, izivakashi eziya ezansi zokuhweba.

Ukubukeka nokuqukethwe

Umzimba wezinhlanzi yi-rhomboid, ucindezelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-dorsal fin inesimo se-crescent, i-caudal fin ivezwa buthaka. Ama-Metinis anamaphiko avela obala, emadodeni ahlukaniswe umsila ngohlaka olumnyama, i-anal fin iveli. Kwabesifazane, i-anal fin iqonde futhi ibomvu. Isikali sincane kakhulu, siqine kufanelekile komunye nomunye, sifiphaza ukukhanya kwetint okuluhlaza okotshani. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, umzimba wesilisa uthola umbala obomvu-wegolide. Amehlo enhlanzi nawo ayasilika, anombala omnyama.

Kungcono ukuthenga ama-metinis amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba afunda izinhlanzi ezingathandi ukuba yedwa. Basebenza kakhulu, futhi bangahlala ekudingisweni iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.

Okuqukethwe okunethezekayo - izinhlanzi ezi-2-8 e-aquarium eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, qaphela izilwane ezingadliwa yilezi zinhlanzi (ama-metinis angajaha izinhlanzi ezincane nama-crustaceans). Ungazifaki ngama-guppies, neons, amasele, crayfish kanye ne-shrimp.

Ingabe i-metinis yohlobo lwe-metinis iyathandeka kokuqukethwe? Kunzima ukuyigcina? Kulula uma ungumuntu wasemanzini onolwazi. Uma usaqala - qala ngezinhlanzi ezi-2-4. Ngomuntu oyedwa, kudingeka amalitha angama-80 kuye kwangama-100 amanzi ase-aquarium. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zisebenza kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuthi kugcinwe i-aquarium (ikakhulukazi ebusuku) ukuze ingaphumi ngengozi.

Ukuhlunga kanye nokwenziwa i-aquarium kufanele kube namandla aphezulu, kuyathandeka ukudala ukugeleza okuncane usebenzisa ingcindezi yokuhlunga. I-20% (1/5 ingxenye) yamanzi kufanele iguqulwe masonto onke. I-Metinis izizwa imnandi ekushiseni kwamanzi okungu-23-27 ° C, p-h 5-7. I-aquarium yezinhlanzi ihlotshiswe ngomhlabathi omnyama, amatshe, izikebhe, izitshalo zokwenziwa noma imifino enamaqabunga anokhahlo. Gwema izitshalo ezicebile ku-calcium ne-magnesium. Izitshalo eziningi ze-metinis zidla, ngakho-ke kudingeka uziqaphele.

Bheka - i-metinissa yesiliva ibukeka kahle e-aquarium enkulu.

Izici ezijwayelekile

Ama-Piranhas aqongelela emhlambini, osiza ekusizeni ukudla, futhi abeke usongo lwangempela ezintweni eziphilayo ezihlangane nazo. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa, hlikihla isisulu imizuzu embalwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranhas akuzona ezidla ezinye. Cishe ama-60% ezinhlanzi zinikezwa ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni.

Idumela lezakhamizi ezidla izimbangi azihlali lifanelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinhlanzi zihlasela kuphela lapho zicabanga ukuthi zisengozini, zingawela ogibeni noma umuzwa wokulamba. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanye amazwe (ngokwesibonelo, i-Israel) ayenqabile ukuba nomhlaba, ukuhweba, ukugcina, ukukhosela lezi zinhlanzi. Izenzo ezinjalo zibhekwa njengezingemthetho.

Piranha Aquarium

Izinhlanzi zidinga ukuhlala emanzini amakhulu.

1. Khetha umthamo we-aquarium ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-8 wamanzi nge-2,5 cm yobude bomzimba wezinhlanzi. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, indlu kufanele ibe okungenani amalitha ayi-150.
2. Tshala phansi nge-algae ekhula ngokunamandla. Ngakho-ke, i-piranha izoba nempilo.
3. Tshala ama-50-70% endawo yokuhlala nezitshalo kanye nokuhlomisa okokuphephela lapho ama-cyprinid ethakazelisa ukucasha khona.
4. Hlomisa i-aquarium ngezihlungi ezisezingeni eliphakeme zamandla wokuqamba afanele. Ungafaka izihlungi ezingama-3-4 zosayizi omncane (bazogcina inhlanzeko echibini).
5. Hlomisa ukukhanya okuningi okumhlophe.

Izidingo zamanzi:

Isimo esiyinhloko sokulungiswa sihlanzwe, amanzi anomoya ogcwele ngokuphelele.

• ukushintshana komoya nokuhlunga kwamanzi kumele kube njalo,
• lokushisa - 26 degrees
• Shintsha amanzi (i-10-15%) nsuku zonke,
• – 6,5.

Amanzi akufanele afudumele noma abande isikhathi eside. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa, kufanele ubeke i-thermometer ne-heater kagesi.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukusebenza kwezinhlanzi, njalo nge-ammonia.

Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane

Iqanda lethoni le-orange eligcwele lizobhoboza izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2, izibungu ziba gazinga. Kungemva kwalokho kuphela lapho udinga ukubamba ngokucophelela ingane ngekhoji. Isibambo kufanele sibe eside ngenxa yowesilisa onolaka. Uzohlasela noma ngubani osondela esidlekeni.

Izilwane ezincane zigcinwa ezimweni ezifanayo nezabantu abadala. Udinga ukondla i-artemia, engeza i-daphnia kanye ne-bloodworm flakes kokuphakelayo okuyinhloko. Yondla izingane kabili ngosuku. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ukudla kwefry kuyefana nakwabadala.

Amafry akhula ngokushesha ekukhuleni. Ngokudla okulinganiselayo, akhula aze abe ngu-2,5 cm ngenyanga.Ukuze i-fry ikhule kahle, kuyadingeka ukuyigcina isendaweni eyindawo ebanzi. Isibonelo, izinsana zembhangqwana owodwa wama-cyprinid adinga amalitha ayizinkulungwane ezintathu nezintathu.

Indaba ye-piranha:

I-Piranha aquarium - izinhlanzi ezijabulisa futhi ezimnandi. Ngokuya ngemithetho yokulungisa okuyisisekelo nekulula, abakhileyo be-aquarium bayojabulisa umniniyo ngobuhle nemikhuba yabo.

I-Piranha: Umndeni wezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe ngemisebe ephuma emanzini zingezokuhleleka kwe-haracynoid, futhi uhlala kwizindawo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina amabhola zaseNingizimu Melika. Lezi zinhlanzi zibonakaliswa ngemihlathi enamandla namazinyo abukhali. Kuze kube manje, umndeni we-piranha unezakhi zanamuhla ezingama-16 nezinhlobo ezingama-95. (Wikipedia)

Singasho ngokuphephile ukuthi i-piranha ingenye yezinhlanzi ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni! Kukhona izinganekwane nezinsumansumane eziningi eziphathelene nepiranhas, kodwa akuzona zonke izindaba ezimbi eziyiqiniso. Ingozi yangempela yalezi zinhlanzi ingaba ngesikhathi somile, lapho amadamu omile kakhulu futhi aqala ukungabi nokudla. Ama-Piranhas ekuqaleni adla zonke izinhlanzi zezinye izinhlobo ezikulelichibi, bese kuqala ukuzingela enye nenye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, besaba ngokwenele ngakho-ke babuthana ngamaphakethe ukuze bazivikele kubazingeli. Futhi emvelweni, banezitha ezanele: lawa ngamahlengethwa anamanzi ahlanzekile, ama-otter aseAmazon, abamele abahlukahlukene bomndeni wekati we-caiman, i-herons, i-arapayma - inhlanzi yakudala enesimo esingajwayelekile.

Idumile amazinyo piranhas mikhulu ngokulingana nosayizi womzimba, abe nesimo esibonakalayo, lapho kuvaliwe, imigqa engenhla iya ngokuqinile ezikhaleni phakathi kwalokhu okuphansi, ukuze kungabikho gumbi legebe, ngaphezu kwalokho, izicubu ezikhulu zama-piranhas ziqinile kakhulu.

Amanothi ajwayelekile

Izici zabo zesimo zifaka ukwakheka komzimba okuphoqiwe, inhlawulo ende yedorsha enemisebe engu-16 noma ngaphezulu, nenombolo eguquguqukayo yamabala abukhali akhiwa izikali zesisu eziguquliwe.

Zitholakala ezindaweni ezinhlobonhlobo, ukusuka ezifundeni ezikhukhulayo namahlathi agcwele izikhukhula kuya eziqongweni zemifula, futhi zitholakala kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezinkulu zemifula yaseNingizimu Melika empumalanga ye-Andes. Ezinye izinhlobo zinemisebenzi eyingqayizivele yemvelo, njengokusatshalaliswa kwembewu noma ukugcinwa kwezokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi ezingaphakathi ezweni.

Abamele babonisa izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko zokudla okungenamsoco: izinyamazane (ama-carnivores), ama-carnivores (adla izithelo nembewu) kanye nama-lepidophages (ukudla izikali namaphisi ezinye izinhlanzi). Izinhlobo zezinyoni zasendulo zivame ukuba nomugqa owodwa wamazinyo onqenqemeni lomhlathi ngamunye, ama-fertivores ngokuvamile anemigqa emibili yezinsimbi noma amazinyo ama-molar (ecindezelayo futhi ahlafuna) ngaphambili, ngenkathi ese-lepidophages, amazinyo aqinile futhi asemaphethelweni angaphandle e-prejaw.

Umlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo wamaPiranjevs (Serrasalmidae) ufundwe ngababhali abahlukahlukene, kubandakanya nezifundo zakamuva kakhulu (Thompson et al, 2014) ezisekela ukuba khona kwezizukulwane ezintathu ezinkulu kulo mndeni. Uhlobo lwe- "Paku" luqukethe izinhlobo zeColossoma, Mylossoma nePiaractus, "Piranhas" kubandakanya Metynnis, Pygopristis, Pygocentrus, Pristobrycon, Catoprion kanye Serrasalmus, kanti uhlobo "Mileus" luhlanganisa izinhlobo Myleus schomburgkii.

I-piranha encane ye-toothy predator ingaba umhlobiso omuhle futhi ongokoqobo we-aquarium ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthole intukuthelo enjalo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inhloni enkulu, kufanele uyinikeze izimo ezijwayelekile zokuphila. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium piranhas izinhlanzi ezidliwayo ezingaluma umnikazi wazo zingazi noma ziphathe ngokushesha nomakhelwane wazo e-aquarium. Kungakho ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi le nhlanzi igcinwe kuphela ngochwepheshe kanye nangolwazi lwasemanzini olunolwazi.

Gxuma ngokushesha esihlokweni