Inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-160, futhi ifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-185. Lezi izinkomba zabesilisa. Abesifazane bancane kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ubulili buyafana. Emakhaleni ajwayelekile ahlukile kwezinye izimpawu. Zingama-elekelele, ziphakeme ukusuka enkabeni ziye kufinyelela emaphethelweni, zikhuphuka. Kubukeka sengathi incwadi yesiLatini V.
Umbala wesimpawu esivamile ubomvu ngwevu ngombala omnyama, omfushane emzimbeni wonke. Ekhanda elimise okweqanda elinomfushane ngamafuphi kukhona amehlo amakhulu ansundu. Isisho esijwayelekile sikhuluma ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphile.
Ungakwazi ukubona uphawu olujwayelekile ngamakhala afana ne-English V
Izindlovu zaseningizimu
Ikhala lesilwane linanyama, liya phambili. Ngakho igama. Isigaxa sendlovu siyisidalwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngobude, abanye abantu bafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6, futhi banesisindo esingaphansi kwamathani amahlanu. Ingxenye yesihlanu yalesi sigazi yigazi. Igcwele umoya-mpilo, ivumela izilwane ukuba zihlale ngaphansi kwamanzi ihora
Ama-Giants aphila iminyaka engama-20. Abesifazane bavame ukuhamba ngeminyaka eyi-14-15. Iningi lazo lazo lezimpawu zamanzi ezindlovu zichitha emanzini. Bahlala emhlabeni amasonto ambalwa ngonyaka ngokuzalaniswa.
Izindlovu zaseningizimu
Ross
Ukhula olutholwe nguJames Ross. Kuhlonipha umhloli wamazwe waseBrithani wezwe elingumbala futhi waqamba lesi silwane. Kuholela empilweni yobumfihlo, ekhuphuka emakhoneni akude ezwekazi, futhi ngenxa yalokho akukho okuncane okufundwe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Izilwane zase-Antarctic inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-200, ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-2 ubude, inamehlo amakhulu amakhulu, imigqa yamazinyo amancane kodwa abukhali.
Intamo yophawu luyisihlambi samafutha. Kuyo, lesi silwane safunda ukudonsa ikhanda kuso. Kuvela ibhola le-meaty. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kumnyama, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngimpunga ekhanyayo, embozwe izinwele ezimfishane nezilukhuni.
Inketho 2
I-Antarctica iyizwekazi elimbozwe ngokuphelele yiqhwa ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibuhlungu kakhulu. Kepha ngenxa yesimo semvelo esikhethekile kangaka, izidalwa eziningi ezimangalisayo zihlala e-Antarctica.
Ezinye izilwane, ngenxa yezimo zesimo sezulu, ziyaphoqelelwa ukuba zishintshe indawo yazo yokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezikwazile ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuphila ezimbi kangaka.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izilwane e-Antarctica azibaleki emehlweni abantu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi unyawo lomuntu luqala ukusondela e-Antarctica muva nje, cishe eminyakeni engama-200 edlule.
I-Antarctica ihlalwa izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izindiza nezinye izilwane. Phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, imikhomo, uphawu kanye nezimpawu zoboya
Imikhomo Zinkulu, kepha zihlala zilukhuni. Isisindo sazo sidlula ama-dinosaurs amaningi, kanye nemikhomo inempilo enzima yezenhlalo. Imikhomo yase-Antarctica ingabizwa nganoma iyiphi imikhomo echitha okungenani ingxenye yempilo yabo eduze nogu lwezwekazi uqobo: i-blue whale, iSeyval, i-Finval, i-Sperm whale, i-Killer whale.
Ingwe yolwandle inamabala emzimbeni wonke, okwakungukuleli gama lalezinhlobo. Lesi silwane sithathwa njengesidleke esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Antarctica. Le nhlobo idla noma yiziphi ezinye izilwane abakwaziyo ukuzibulala. Lokhu ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi, izinyoni ngisho namawundlu ezimpawu zamanzi. Izingwe zasolwandle zizingela eduze kwamanzi avulekile futhi azihambi ngaphansi kweqhwa, ngoba azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside futhi zifinyelele isivinini esifinyelela ku-40 km / h.
Ama-Emperor penguins ziyizinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zikamapengu, futhi isisindo sazo esingama-40 singafinyelela ku-40 kg. Ubukhulu bomzimba, kanye nesisindo, owesilisa nowesifazane akuhlukile. Ama-Emperor penguins adla izinhlanzi ngisho ne-shellfish. Ukujula kokuntywiliselwa kwabo ngaphansi kwamanzi kungama-535 m, futhi bangaba ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu eyi-18. Ama-Emperor penguins ahlala endaweni ebandayo. Ukushisa kugqugquzelwa ungqimba lwawo lwamafutha angaphansi, afinyelela ku-3 cm, kanye nezimpaphe, ukuhlanzwa kwawo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyasiza iplamu ukuthi iqhubeke ibuyele emanzini.
Weddell
Ingabe Izilwane zasendle zase-Antarctic okwehlukile. Ku-Weddell, kulula ukungena ngaphansi kobubanzi bamamitha angama-600. Ezinye izivalo azikwazi lokhu, ngoba azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora. Ku-Weddell, lokhu kuvamile. Ukumelana okumangalisayo nesithwathwa sesilwane. Izinga lokushisa elinethezekile liyi-degrees-50-70 degrees.
I-Weddell uphawu olukhulu, inesisindo esingamaphawundi angama-600. Amaphinifa afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ubude. Imidondoshiya iyamamatheka. Amakona omlomo aphakanyiswa ngenxa yezici ze-anatomical.
I-Weddell ingaba ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside kunanoma yiziphi izimpawu
Umbiko Wezilwane wase-Antarctica
Ukwakheka kwezilwane zasendle e-Antarctica kuncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu saso. Kulokhu, zonke izilwane ezihlala kuleli zwekazi zitholakala lapho kukhona khona izimila okungenani ezincanyana. Ososayensi abafunda izilwane zase-Antarctica, bazihlukanise zibe zinhlobo ezimbili: zasemanzini nezasemhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulelizwekazi abekho abamele umhlaba wezilwane. Cabanga ngezinye zezilwane ezivame kakhulu e-Antarctica.
ICrabeater
Isilwane sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-200, futhi singamamitha ayi-2,5 ubude. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, phakathi kwezinye izimpawu, umuntu odla umqhele uphakeme. Kwenza ama-pinnipeds angabi namandla okubandayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuqala ubusika e-Antarctic, abadli be-crab basuka kanye neqhwa kude nolwandle. Lapho izwekazi lifudumele ngokweqile, abadli bezinkabi bayabuya.
Ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nokukhamba ngokungagudli, izindikimba zazithola izithonjana ezinamamaki. Kuliqiniso, azisindisi emikhomeni ebulalayo. Isilwane esincelisayo esiqhamuka emndenini wehlengethwa siyisitha esikhulu hhayi nje kuphela sabadli bomkhaba, kodwa futhi nasezintanjeni eziningi.
I-crabeater seal inamazinyo abukhali
Isigaxa seCrabeater
Lolu hlobo lwezimpawu zasolwandle luvame kakhulu e-Antarctica nasemhlabeni jikelele. Inani labantu, ngokusho kochwepheshe, liyizigidi ezingama-7- 40. Umuntu omdala ufinyelela ubude obungamamitha amabili nesigamu. Lezi zilwane zingaba ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu elishumi nanye kuphela. Bahlala, njengomthetho, iminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Ingwe yolwandle
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ingwe yolwandle inokubukeka okuhle, kodwa iyisidlakela esiyingozi. Amanzi angaphezulu komzimba kanye nemilenze yangaphambili yangaphambili ayinikeza amandla okuhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi ngokushesha okukhulu. Umuntu omdala ungamamitha amathathu kuya amane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi inkulu kakhulu kunowesilisa. Izingwe zasolwandle zidla ngokuyinhloko ezimbanjeni nangamapengu. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zilwane zizingela emanzini, kepha zingathola izisulu eqhweni. Lolu hlobo lwesilwane luthanda ukuhlala lodwa.
Indlovu yasolwandle
Lezi zimpawu zibizwa ngokuthi yizimpawu zasendlovu ngenxa yempumulo yazo enkulu, efana nesiqu, kanye nosayizi omkhulu wabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekhaleni elinjalo kuphela abesilisa abadala, kuyilapho abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa kungenjalo. Ekhaleni lendlovu phakathi nesikhathi sokuzalela iba nkulu ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yokuxhuma kwegazi. Ososayensi babone amacala lapho phakathi nomzabalazo wabesilisa, bamane baklebhula izimpumulo zabo. Insikazi yalolu hlobo lwezilwane incane kakhulu kunowesilisa. Njengomthetho, owesilisa osekhulile angafinyelela amamitha ayisithupha nengxenye ubude, kuyilapho owesifazana emathathu kuphela nohhafu. Lezi zilwane zithanda ukuhlala ngokwahlukana komunye nomunye, kepha unyaka ngamunye zihlanganiswa zibe ngamaqembu okuzalela.
Izihloko ezidumile namuhla
Akunakwenzeka ukucabanga impilo yethu ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezisiza ukwengeza okuthile ngosizo lwezinkulumo ezinobungako. Lokho wukuthi, ukuze unikeze into ethile inombolo, njengamanje
IRoma ingumbuso omkhulu, enikeza umhlaba izikhumbuzo eziningi zamasiko emhlabeni. Umuntu ozibonela mathupha ukwakhiwa konke ubhajelwe emlandweni. Lokhu umuzwa omuhle.
Impande yekherothi iyindilinga noma ibunjiwe kancane. Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izaqathe zingezokulima kwezimpande. Futhi kuyo kunenombolo enkulu yezakhi ezahlukahlukene nezakhi zomzimba.
UVoltaire (1694-1778), owazalwa ngaphansi kwegama likaFrancois-Marie Aruet, ungowezazi zefilosofi ezinkulu zaseFrance zesikhathi sokukhanyiselwa, ezashiya umaki wazo efeni lezemibhalo.
I-ambulensi iyimoto yokuzenzela eyenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthutha abagulayo noma abalimele esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Ama-ambulensi amaningi
Vele, ukuthi zonke izidalwa eziphilayo azikwazi ukuba zodwa - zidinga indawo ethile lapho umsebenzi wazo obalulekile uzokwenzeka khona (futhi le ndawo kufanele ibe nesibusiso
Izinwele zegolide
Izimpaphe ezinde zegolide emashiya awengezelelwa “emsileni” ojwayelekile omnyama ngehembe elimhlophe ngokubonakala kwazo. Bacindezelwe ekhanda ibheke entanyeni, efana nezinwele. Umbono wachazwa ngonyaka we-1837 nguJohann von Brandtom. Wayiphatha le nyoni epenguin eyakhiwe ngogesi. Kamuva, abanezinwele zegolide bahlukaniswa. Ukuhlaziya izakhi zofuzo kukhombisa ubudlelwane nobupheins benkosi.
Ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezihlukanise amapenguins anezinwele ezigolide kusukela kwabasebukhosini kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi 1.5 edlule. Abamele banamuhla balezi zinhlobo bafika ngamasentimitha angama-70, anesisindo esingamakhilogremu amahlanu.
Okwezinto
Phakathi kwezinyoni ezingenazindiza, yiyona ephakeme kunazo zonke. Abanye abantu bafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-122. Ngasikhathi sinye, isisindo sabantu abathile sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-45. Ngaphandle, izinyoni zihlukaniswa futhi ngamabala aphuzi eduze kwezindlebe nezimpaphe zegolide ebeleni.
I-Emperor penguins hatch amaphuphu cishe izinyanga ezine. Ukuvikela inzalo, izinyoni ngalesi sikhathi zenqaba ukudla. Ngakho-ke, isisekelo sobuningi bamapenguins ngamanoni atholakala ezilwaneni ukuze kusinde isikhathi sokuzalela.
Adele
Le penguin imnyama ngokuphelele futhi imhlophe. Izici ezihlukanisayo: umlomo omfishane nemibuthano ekhanyayo ezungeze amehlo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nyoni ifinyelela amasentimitha angama-70, ithola isisindo esingamaphawundi angama-5. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukudla kubalwa ngamakhilogremu amabili ngosuku. Ukudla kwepenguin kuqukethe i-krill crustacean kanye nama-mollusks.
Kukhona i-adeles eyizigidi ezi-5 e-Arctic. Lesi yisibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke se-penguin. Ngokungafani nabanye, u-Adeles upha abakhethiweyo izipho. Lezi ngamatshe ayigugu. Zithwalwa ziye ezinyaweni zezinsikazi ezisolwayo.
Ngaphandle akuhlukile kwabesilisa. Uma izipho zamukelwa, owesilisa uyakuqonda ukuthembeka kokukhetha kwakhe bese esondelana. Amatshe amatshe aphonswe ezinyaweni zalowo okhethiwe aba njengesidleke.
Ama-penguin e-Adélie angabahlali abaningi kakhulu base-Antarctica
Isikebhe
Ibizwa ngabadobi baseNorway ukuhlonipha i-saury. Ubuye adle ngeplankton. Ohlangothini lwaseNorway, izinhlanzi nemikhomo ziyasondela ngasikhathi sinye. I-saury yendawo ibizwa ngokuthi "saie." I-satellite yezinhlanzi yabizwa ngokuthi i-saivail. Phakathi kwemikhomo, inomzimba omile kakhulu nowomusa.
Seyvaly - izilwane ze-Arctic ne-Antarcticzitholakala eduze zombili izigxobo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izidalwa zezinhlangothi ezisenyakatho nezaseningizimu yeplanethi zihluke kakhulu. Ku-Arctic, umlingiswa oyinhloko ibhere elinamakhaza. Azikho amabhere ku-Antarctic, kepha kukhona ama-penguin. Lezi zinyoni, ngendlela, zihlala emanzini afudumele. Isibonelo, i-penguin yaseGalapagos, yahlala cishe e-ikhwetha.
Blue whale
Ososayensi bayibiza ngokuthi i-Bluff. Kwezilwane, yizo ezinkulu kunazo zonke. Ubude bomkhomo bungamamitha angama-33. Isisindo sesilwane ngamathani ayi-150. Izilwane ezincelisayo zondla lesi sinqwaba nge-plankton, ama-crustaceans amancane nama-cephalopods.
Engxoxweni enesihloko, yiziphi izilwane ezihlala e-Antarctic, kubalulekile ukukhombisa okubhalwe phansi komkhomo. Bahlanze abathathu kubo: enyakatho, emifushane naseningizimu. Ogwini lwase-Antarctica uhlala ngokugcina. Njengabanye, isibindi eside. Iningi labantu lihamba eminyakeni eyishumi. Imikhomo yomuntu ngamunye isike emanzini olwandle iminyaka engu-100-110.
Isidoda whale
Lona whale ophekwe ngamatshe, unesisindo esingamathani angama-50. Ubude besilwane bungamamitha angama-20. Cishe ziyisi-7 zazo zenzeka ekhanda. Ngaphakathi kwakhe kunamazinyo amakhulu. Zibaluleke kanye nama-walrus fangs kanye nezindlovu zezindlovu. I-Sperm whale cutter inesisindo esifundeni samaphawundi ama-2.
I-Sperm whale iyona ehlakaniphile kunayo yonke imikhomo. Ingqondo yesilwane inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-8. Ngisho nangomkhomo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ngabe mkhulu, womabili ama-hemispheres adonsa kuphela ama-kilos ayi-6.
Emhlathini ongezansi wesidoda whale cishe ngamabili ama-26 wamazinyo
Irabha likaWilson
Lezi Izilwane zase-Antarctic use Izithombe avele njengezinyoni ezincane ezimpunga ezimnyama. Ubude obujwayelekile bomzimba onamakhanda ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Iphiko lingadluli amasentimitha angama-40.
Lapho indiza ibamba indiza ifana neswidi noma iqhubu. Ukuhamba kushesha nje, kukhona ukushintshana okubukhali. UKaokok wayeqanjwa ngokuthi ama-swallows olwandle. Bondla izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans, izinambuzane.
Albatross
Kubhekiswa eqenjini lezithako. Le nyoni inama-subspecies angama-20. Zonke zihlala endaweni eseningizimu. Njengoba zihlala i-Antarctic, ama-albatross athanda iziqhingi ezincane, aminyene. Uma sezikususile kuzo, izinyoni zingandiza i-ikhwetha ngenyanga. Le yimininingwane yokubona nge-satellite.
Zonke izinhlobo zama-albatross zingaphansi kokuqeqeshwa kwe-International Union for Conservation of Natural. Inani labantu liye lahlehliswa kuleli khulu leminyaka elidlule. I-Albatrosses yacekelwa phansi izimpaphe. Bahlobisa izigqoko zabesifazane, izigqoko, amabhuzu.
U-Albatross kungenzeka angawuboni umhlaba izinyanga, uphumule phezu kwamanzi
Isilo esikhulu
Inyoni enkulu imitha ubude futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-8. Iphiko lingaphezu kwamamitha amabili. Ekhanda elikhulu, elitshalwe entanyeni emfishane, kunoqhwaku olunamandla olugobile. Ngaphezulu kwaso kuneshubhu eliyimbobo yethambo.
Ngaphakathi, ihlukaniswe ukwahlukanisa. Lawa ngamakhala enyoni. I-plumage yakhe i-motley ngemibala emhlophe namnyama. Indawo enkulu yepeni ngalinye ilula. Umngcele umnyama. Ngenxa ye-plumage yakhe futhi ubukeka emibalabala.
Amapharele - Izinyoni zase-Antarcticukungavumi ukuwa. Kufakwe ama-penguins afile, imikhomo. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla yakhiwa yizinhlanzi eziphilayo nama-crustaceans.
Skuas Omkhulu
Ama-Ornithologists aphikisana ngokufaka ama-skuas kuma-gulls noma ama-charadriiformes. Ngokusemthethweni, le enethwa ibalwa phakathi kwabokugcina. Ama-skuas athandwa kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa ne-duck ne-tit tit. Umzimba wesilwane mkhulu, ubude bawo bufika ngamasentimitha angama-55. Iphiko lempiko lingamamitha elilodwa nesigamu.
Ama-Skuas aziwa kakhulu njengabaphangi basolwandle. Izidlakudla zibamba esibhakabhakeni izinyoni zithwele inyamazane ngoqhwaku lwazo nasemphepheni zize zikhulule inhlanzi. Skuas thatha trophies. Isakhiwo lesi simanga kakhulu lapho bahlasela abazali abondla amathole.
AmaSkuas kanye nezinye izakhamizi zaseSouth Pole zingabonakala endaweni yemvelo. Kusukela ngo-1980, izinkambo zabavakashi bezihlelwe e-Antarctic. Izwekazi - indawo yamahhala, engabelwe noma yiliphi izwe. Kodwa-ke, amazwe angaba ngu-7 athi azingcezu ze-Antarctica.
AmaSkuas ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi ngamaphasiphu ngokweba ezinye izinyoni