Ama-guppies izinhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle ezivame kakhulu. Lezi zinhlanzi ezinemibala enomsila omkhulu we-iridescent. Imvamisa, bekhuluma ngezinto abazithandayo, abanolwazi lwasemanzini abanolwazi lokuthi babayeke baqale ngokuthenga kwakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-guppies yizifundo ezinhle zokutadisha izakhi zofuzo. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bakhulu kakhulu futhi bahle kakhulu kunabesifazane. Imisila yawo mikhulu kakhulu kunaleya yabesifazane, futhi ihlukile ngemibala yayo yasekuqaleni, engafani. Usayizi omncane wezinhlanzi - kusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-3 cm ukuvumela ukuthi ubenze babe maphakathi nezwe le-aquarium. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu - cishe ama-6 cm, kepha abanawo umbala omuhle kangako. Namuhla, ngosizo lokukhetha abantu abahle besifazane bayatholakala, kodwa izindleko zabo ziphakeme kakhulu. Ungabona izinketho zezinhlanzi esithombeni, ezigcwele ne-Intanethi.
Ukuphila endalweni
Izwe lenhlanzi ye-guppy iziqhingi zaseTrinidad neTobago, naseNingizimu Melika - eVenezuela, eGuiana naseBrazil. Njengomthetho, bahlala emanzini ahlanzekile, agijimayo, kodwa futhi njengamanzi asogwini asogwini, kepha hhayi olwandle olunosawoti. Zidla izikelemu, izibungu, izibungu zegazi nezinye izinambuzane ezincane. Ngenxa yalesi sici, baqala nokuzinza kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kunomiyane abaningi besifo sikamalaleveva, njengoba amantshontsho edla izibungu zawo. Ama-guppy abesilisa ngokwemvelo akhanya kakhulu kunabesifazane, kodwa nokho umbala wawo ukude nezindlela zokuzalela i-aquarium. Kufanele uzivikele ezilwaneni ezidla lubi, njengoba inhlanzi incane futhi ingenakuzivikela.
Umlando we-Guppy nokuzalela
Izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo lwaqanjwa ngemuva kompristi nososayensi uRobert Guppy, ongowokuzalwa eNgilandi. Wayeqoqa izitshalo namasampula enhlabathi esiqhingini saseTrinidad, lapho ngephutha wabona izinhlanzi ezincane ezinemibala egqamile kwelinye lamachibi. Ngemuva kokubhekisisa kakhulu, waphawula ukuthi awazali amaqanda, njengabantu abaningi, kepha ngokushesha azala uFry. Ngo-1886, wabuyela ekhaya futhi wakhuluma neRoyal Society ngombiko ngezinhlanzi ezitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo. Kodwa-ke, abengakholelwa ukuthi inhlanzi encane kangaka ingaba nokuvuvukala, futhi kwathi lapho kungenziwa lutho, kwavela amakhulu-gippies ezindaweni ezihlala eMnyuziyamu waseBrithani kungekudala, ezazanda zivela kubantu abazilethela ososayensi.
Okumangazayo njengoba kungenzeka, izinhlanzi ze-guppy zaqala ukulethwa eYurophu ngaphambili; ngo-1859, uchthyologist waseJalimane uWilhelm Peters wathola ikhophi ye-guppy kwelinye lamaqoqo; ngaphandle, lezi zinhlanzi zazibukeka njengomndeni wakwaPoecilidae. Ngo-1861, ososayensi baseSpain, uFilippi, bathola inhlanzi efanayo eqoqweni elathunyelwa livela eBarbados.
Sekungamashumi eminyaka, abafuyi bezinyamazane befuye izinhlobo ezingama-13 zama-guppies ahlukile ngosayizi nokwakheka komsila. Izinhlobo eziyi-8 zemibala yokugqokwa kwe-guppy nazo zazalwa. Ngokusekelwe ezicini ezi-2 eziphambili, kunezinhlanganisela ezingaba yikhulu zemibala yangemuva nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo emhlabeni.
Incazelo
Inhlanzi ye-guppy aquarium inomzimba ophakeme, njengama-mollies ne-pecilia, iyilungu lomndeni we-pecilia, i-viviparous carp-toothed - ihlukaniswa ubukhona bamazinyo emhlathini aphansi nangaphezulu. Abesifazane bakhulu, bafika ku-3-6 cm ubude, kanti abesilisa bangama-1.5-3,5 cm kuphela. Ezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile ze-guppy ezifuywe ekudingisweni zingaba zikhulu kancane kunezihlobo zabo zasendle.
Amaduna ama-Guppy mancane futhi azacile, angaba ngemibala ehlukene, kanti izintokazi ezinkulu nezingcwele zivame ukuhola. Abesilisa, njengomthetho, bane-caudal fin enkulu futhi enemibala egqamile kunabesifazane. Njengoba zikhula, imisebe ephakathi ye-anal anal yeduna iguqulwa ibe yisitho esincane sokuqina esibizwa ngokuthi i-gonopodia.
Ama-guppy hybrids, asetshenziswa ekukhetheni okusetshenziswa ekukhetheni, atholakala ngemibala ehlukahlukene yokucatshangelwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwawo, isibonelo, "isikhumba senyoka", "cobra", "tux" (kuhlanganiswa nomnyama). Kunezinhlobo eziyi-12 ezijwayelekile zamaphini we-caudal, njenge, isibonelo, i-pintail, umsila oyindilinga, umkhonto, inkemba ephindwe kabili, umgubuzelo, nezinye. Umbala we-guppy unqunywa umbala womsila: ngakho inhlanzi enomsila obomvu nomzimba ophuzi ibizwa ngokuthi i-guppy ebomvu.
Vele, ungagcina izinhlanzi eziningana embizeni engu-3-litre, kepha zizocindezela futhi zingakhululeki lapho.
Njengomthetho, i-aquarium iyakhethwa icubungula inani lezakhamizi ezizayo: okungenani amalitha angama-2-3 kufanele abalwe ngenhlanzi ngayinye.
Isibonelo, uma uhlela ukuhlalisa abantu abangabi ngaphezu kwe-15, khona-ke i-aquarium engama-30 litre yanele.
Inhlabathi nezinto zokuhlobisa zingakhethwa ngendlela othanda ngayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngezitshalo ze-aquarium: akakhiqizi i-oksijini edingekayo kuphela, kodwa futhi usebenza njengendawo yokukhosela kuFry kusuka ezinhlanzini ezindala.
Ukushisa amanzi angahluka kusuka kuma-degree angama-18 kuye kwangama-30. Noma kunjalo, ama-degree ama-24 ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kokuthuthuka okunempilo nokukhiqiza kabusha. Ukuze ulondoloze lokushisa, kungakuhle uthenge i-heater ekhethekile ye-aquarium esitolo sezilwane, esinomlawuli wokushisa amanzi.
Izibani zokwenziwa ebumnyameni, ngokuzithandela. Kodwa-ke, abathandi be-guppy abanolwazi basakufaka ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ngenxa yayo, ulwelwe lukhula lube ngcono futhi ezinhlotsheni imibala ziya ziqhakaze kakhudlwana futhi zigcwele ngokwengeziwe.
Ukugcina i-aquarium isesimweni esihle, kwanele ukuguqula ingxenye yesithathu yenani eliphelele lamanzi kanye ngenyanga. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kuyathandeka ukuyivikela esitsheni esivulekile izinsuku eziningana.
Ama-guppies athande amanzi alukhuni (kusuka ema-6 kuya kwayi-10 amayunithi), noma kunjalo, enikezwe ikhwalithi yompompi, kungcono ukuqeda udoti olwedlulele. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthulula amanzi ku-aquarium kudinga kuphela izinga lokushisa lamagumbi.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ushintsho olukhulu kangako emvelweni yasemanzini lungaholela ekukhuleni okulimazekile kwezinhlanzi noma luye lube buthaka ukungatheleleki kanye nokubonakala kwezifo.
Uma kungamavila ngokuphelele ukunakekela i-aquarium futhi ungashintshi amanzi, lapho-ke kungcono ukufaka i-compressor. Ubhekana kahle nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi kusuka ezinsaleleni zokuphakela kanye nokunye ukungcola, ngaleyo ndlela lokhu kuzosusa enkingeni engadingekile.
Akusizi ngqondo ukufaka i-aerator yamanzi agcwala ngomoya, ngaphandle kokuthi ngenxa yobuhle kungenzeka ukubamba amashubhu akhethekile ezansi kwe-aquarium evumela amabhubhu. Izinsikazi azincishisi oksijini, ngakho-ke vele utshale i-algae encane emhlabathini. Izitshalo zimunca isikhutha futhi zinikeze i-aquarium ubuhle bemvelo.
Izici Zokuphindaphindeka
Lama-cyprinid ahlobisa ukufinyelela ebuntwaneni kusuka ezinyangeni ezine zeminyaka bese elungele ukuzalwa kabusha.
Isici esithandekayo: emazingeni okushisa aphakeme emvelo yasemanzini (+ 30 °), ukuvuthwa kuqala kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu.
Ukuzala kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium ejwayelekile nasenhlabathini ekhethekile yokungena. Ngisho nembiza enamalitha amathathu ilungele lokhu, ngoba izinhlanzi zokuhlobisa azithobeki, futhi lo mbhangqwana uzokwazi ukunika izingane noma zisesimweni esinjena se-Spartan.
Ngokuyinhloko, uhlobo lomthamo alubalulekile kangako, into esemqoka ukwenza izinyathelo eziningana zokwakha isimo esifanelekile sokuzala kabusha: umbuso ohambisanayo wokushisa kanye nokuba khona kwezimila eziluhlaza (isibonelo, iJavanese moss), lapho uFry esizayo azothola khona indawo yawo yokuhlala.
Ochwepheshe abaningi abavumelani ekutheni bangakucasukela kanjani ukuzalanisa i-guppy: lokhu kukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa ku-aquarium ngamadigri angama-3-4 kanye nokufakwa endaweni okungaba ngu-1/3 kwamanzi endaweni eyi-aquarium (noma evamile). Ngokwemvelo, amanzi kufanele axazululwe.
Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bezindawo zasemanzini bagcizelela ukuthi ukucasulwa okunjalo kudingekile kuphela esimweni esichazwe ngokuqinile, lapho i-guppy inzima futhi ingaphambi kwesikhathi.
Lapho owesilisa eqala ukujaha insikazi, inamathela eceleni kwakhe noma phansi, ukuqala komzimba kwaqala. Kunesici esibalulekile lapha: uma izinhlanzi zingamanani aphelele, khona-ke udinga ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi awekho amadoda amaningi.
Bangakwazi ukushayela abesifazane besesimweni sokukhathala okuphelele, kuye kwaba nezimo zokushona kowesifazane ezimeni ezinjalo.
Ngakho-ke, inketho ekahle ngababili.
Owesilisa ufaka owesilisa ngosizo lwesitho esikhethekile sangasese, esinegama lesayensi le-gonopodia. Emgogodleni wayo, lesi isigaba sezimali esilungisiwe ngesimo samashubhu ambalwa, atholakala kuphela kwabesilisa abadala.
Isikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ukukhulelwa ezinhlanzini ezi-viviparous kuqala ngemuva kokukhwelana. Owesifazane angagcina ubisi lowesilisa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke uma inhlanzi ithengwe esitolo sezilwane bese owesilisa ebhukuda ethangini elilodwa nowesifazane, khona-ke cishe uzokhulelwa.
Isikhathi sokukhulelwa siyizinsuku ezingama-21 kuya kwengama-40, ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa, okufushane isikhathi sokukhulelwa, kepha ubukhulu be-fry buzoba buncane, ngakho-ke, u-24- 26 ° C ubhekwa njengebanga lokushisa elifanele.
Unganquma kanjani ukukhulelwa
Ekuqaleni, ukukhulelwa kowesifazane ngeke kubonakale, uyoba namandla futhi udle kahle, futhi isisu sakhe sizokhula.
Nquma ukuthi ungayilindela nini inzalo, ungasebenzisa "indawo yokuzalwa", etholakala eduze kwe-anus ne-anal fin. Uma kukhulu futhi kumnyama uphawu lokuzalwa, ukusondela kokuzalwa kusondela.
Ungazondla kanjani izinsana zakho
Cishe ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokukhipha insikazi, amawundlu amancane azama ukubhukuda efuna noma yikuphi ukudla. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho ayazi ukuthi umzuzu obaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kokuvela kwezinsane ezinsanyana izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-3-7.
Kuyafaneleka ukubambezeleka kancane inqubo yokondla noma ukuholele kungalungile, futhi ukubukeka kwabantu abaphilile futhi abahle akulindelekile.
Kuthiwa ngemuva kokuhluma, insikazi yamawundlu ayidli. Kodwa-ke, amacala anjalo ajwayelekile impela, ngoba ubukhulu befry ngamahora okuqala nezinsuku zokuphila kwabo azidluli ku-3-4 mm. Kungakho ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi basatshala insikazi ngokushesha nje kokuphela kokusebenza.
Futhi nansi inkinga yokondliwa kahle kwentsha iza kuqala.
Izinhlobo zokudla
Udinga ukondla gazinga kaningi impela. Amanye ama-olwandle izinsuku eziningana awacimi isibani sasemanzini, lapho kutholakala khona izingane futhi zihlelele ukudliwayo okuvunyelwe njalo ngemuva kwamahora ama-3-4.
Kunezindlela ezimbili ezisemqoka odabeni lokukhethwa kokudla.
- Abanye abanikazi be-guppy bakhulisa ngempumelelo izilwane zabo ezifuywayo besebenzisa ukudla kwendalo (amaprotheni nemifino).
- Kepha kukhona nabalandeli bokuphakelwa komkhiqizo onamagama.
Kunzima ukusho ngokungalingani ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi izondlamzimba zilinganiselwe. Akukho ukweqisa ngokweqile, kunjalo.
Abanikazi abaningi bezinhlanzi ezincane zokuhlobisa bazi kahle ubuchwepheshe bokupheka okuzimele bokudla okuhlukahlukene kwezilwane ezifuywayo zokuhlobisa.
Okuphakelayo okuvame kakhulu yi-isikhupha seqanda nobisi.
Ukudla kweqanda. Susa i-yolk emaqanda abiliswe kanzima, uyesule nge-grater enhle engilazini yamanzi. Umxube obangelwa uxubene kahle nobunye bokungafani. Ngemuva kwalokho, usebenzisa i-pipette ejwayelekile, ungafaka lesi sixazululo ku-aquarium.
Ukudla kobisi. Ingxube yobisi eyomile ilungiswa kanjena: isitsha sobisi sibekwa ebhodweni lamanzi abilayo, lapho sigcotshwa khona kancane kancane. I-powder eholayo iqoqwa futhi inikezwe uFry.
Ukupheka ukudla okubukhoma. Akunankinga futhi zizalanise ekhaya ngemakhrosormorm, edliwa yintsha ngenjabulo. Ama-microworms acishe abe ngamaprotheni amsulwa, amunzwa ngokuphelele ngumzimba wama-guppies amancane.
Ukwehlisa leli proteni eliphilayo, udinga ukuhlanganisa kahle ingxenye yamakha namanzi (kuze kube yilapho abantu bakhona kanye nokuvumelana kokhilimu omuncu), bese ufaka imvubelo encane (cishe ingxenye a yezipuni).
Imay microworm kufanele yethulwe kule ngxube, engaboleka kumngane we-aquarist. Uma kungekho mngani onjalo, khona-ke isibungu esiphilayo singatholakala emgwaqweni esinqwabeni samaqabunga amanzi awileyo (isibungu esimhlophe esincane) silethwe ekhaya.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2, i-microworm izoba miningi kangangokuba sekwanele ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo.
Tshala ukudla. Ekudleni kwama-guppies amancane, ukudla kwemvelaphi yezitshalo nakho kufanele kube khona. Kungaba i-algae eluhlaza - okwemvelo futhi kukhule ekhaya. Ngokuyinhloko, kunoma yikuphi amanzi e-aquarium kukhona zombili zooplankton (ama-microorganisms aphilayo) ne-phytoplankton (ulwelwe oluncane kakhulu).
Lezi zilwane zingukudla okungcono kakhulu kokuthosa okuncane ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwazo, ngoba usayizi wamabele ngamunye wesitshalo esinjalo usukela ku-0,02 kuya ku-1 mm.
Ukukhula nge-phytoplankton okunempilo ekhaya akunzima. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuthulula amanzi e-aquarium embizeni yengilazi futhi uwaveze ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile. Lokho wukuthi, "sikhanyisela" inqubo ye-photosynthesis, enomthelela ekukhuleni kwezimila ngokushesha.
Lapho la manzi ephenduka eluhlaza ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3, angafakwa ezingxenyeni ezincane esitsheni esinefry. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwabo, izinhlanzi ezincane zizokujabulela ukudla lokhu kudla kwezitshalo.
Ebusika, lapho kunelanga elincane kakhulu, ukukhula kwe-phytoplankton kungashukunyiswa ngokukhanyisa amanzi ngezibani ezijwayelekile. Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe, kepha, ukuze imbiza nokuqukethwe kwayo kungapheli.
Ukuhambisana kwe-guppy nezinye izinhlanzi
Lapho uhlela ukwakha i-aquarium ekhaya, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlanzi ezihlala nama-guppies. Lezi zinhlanzi zithanda ukuthula, futhi zihlangana kahle nezinye izinhlanzi ezifunda ukuthula: i-neon, i-pecilia, i-zebrafish, i-haracin, i-bowfish. Ama-guppies awaphazamisi lezo zinhlanzi ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi zamanzi.
IGuppeshki mhlawumbe iyathandwa kakhulu ngabezazi zasemanzini nezinhlanzi ezidumile. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi aqukethe ama-barbs ndawonye nawo kungokwemvelo impela. Eqinisweni, umakhelwane onjalo ngokuvamile awupheli nganoma yini enhle. Izimbungulu ezihleliwe emabeleni nakanjani ziyoqhutshwa zibulawe. Esimweni esifanayo, uma inhlanzi ikhule ndawonye, vele, akukho okuyokwenzeka kubo. Kodwa-ke, abanikazi be-aquarium akunakwenzeka ukuthi bahehe amaphini amahle e-guppy. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ama-barbs ne-neon, ukuhambisana kwawo nakho kungabaza, kuhlangana kahle uma kunezitshalo eziningi e-aquarium. Okufanayo kuhamba nezimpuphu. Tshala okuningi i-Wallysneria, i-cambobas, i-ferns yasemanzini, njll. E-aquarium, futhi bayoba nendawo ethile yokucasha komakhelwane abanemibala noma eluhlaza.
Isifo se-Guppy
Abayona ingozi. Lokhu kuyi-plistophorosis, ukubola okuphelile, isifo sofuba, i-scoliosis, ibala elibomvu.
Ukuqonda ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenhlanzi, kufanele wazi ukuthi inhlanzi enempilo kufanele ibukeke kanjani:
- gunda izitshudeni ezicwebezelayo ezingazifakwanga izingulube,
- hhayi izindiza zokuphefumula ngokushesha kufanele zitholakale ngokunyakaza ngokulinganayo kwamandla wezinhlanzi,
- ngaphandle kokuwela ohlangothini olulodwa noma kweqhwa endaweni,
Uma ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingasebenzi, khona-ke kunesizathu sokukhathazeka. Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela yezingxabano ngumsila odwenguliwe. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ngama-guppies? Imvamisa, isizathu siwukuthi amanzi amadala, angaguquki isikhathi eside, lapho kuqoqwe khona i-ammonia nama-nitrate amaningi kakhulu. Futhi ekuvinjelweni kwale ndaba, udinga ukondla izinhlanzi ngendlela elinganiselayo, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka amavithamini kwimenyu, futhi nakanjani udinga ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium.
Umsila onsundu - Kungakhombisa nezinga lamanzi elibi, kanti elilahlekile nhlobo - ukuthi izinhlanzi zazinezitha e-aquarium futhi udinga ukuthola ukuthi ngubani okufanele asolwe ngalokhu kuhlazisa futhi avikele ababuthaka. Ngendlela, uma umenzi wobubi engatholakali, imbangela yomsila olahlekile kungaba yisifo esithathelwanayo.
Enye i-alamu - umgogodla ogobile. Uma lokhu kuwuphawu olungeyona into yokuzalwa, kodwa kutholakala, khona-ke singakhuluma ngesifo sofuba senhlanzi, okusho ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzodingeka, okungahlali kunikeze umphumela omuhle. Noma mhlawumbe lokhu kumane nje kungumphumela we-aquarium eseqile noma uphawu lokuguga kwezinhlanzi. Kunoma ikuphi, kungcono ukucela uchwepheshe ukuthi afinyelele iziphetho ezidingekayo.
Uma uthanda ividiyo, yabelana ngayo nabangani bakho:
DETAILED umhlahlandlela wokukhetha i-aquarium, ukunakekelwa kanye nokugcinwa kwezinsini zemithambo + isithombe FISH ne-AQUARIUM! Ama-guppies izinhlanzi ezingenakudalwa ezilungele ukuqala!
Sawubona futhi wamukelekile ukubuyekeza wami!
Bathandekayo, namuhla ngifuna ukwethula kini izinhlanzi zami kanye ne-aquarium, futhi ngizame ukukusho ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungazikhetha kanjani ama-guppies, uwondle futhi unakekele umbuso ongaphansi kwamanzi.
Okokuqala, thola ukuthi zingaki izinhlanzi ofuna ukuzibona ku-aquarium yakho, bese uthola ukuthi udinga amanzi amangaki. Njengoba ama-guppies (ne-zebrafish) akhula amancane, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-30 ilungele lesi sikole (izinhlanzi ezi-6). Izinhlanzi zizoba nendawo yokubhukuda futhi zihlolisise okukuzungezile, kanye nendawo yokudlala yokuphamba ngaphambili.
AMAZWI EMBILI NGOKUGUTHULA.
Izinhlanzi ezinhle (ikakhulukazi abesilisa), ezinesizotha ekunakekelweni, kulula ukuzalanisa, ziyi-viviparous. Kulula ukwahlukanisa owesilisa nowesilisa: mkhulu futhi akemuhle kangako. Abesilisa banemisila ekhanyayo yokuheha nokunakekela insikazi.
IYIPHI INDLELA OTHENGA NGAYO i-AQUARIUM FUTHI YINI IMFUNO Efunekayo?
Thenga i-aquarium yezinhlanzi emakethe yezinyoni, lapho kubiza okungaphansi kwesitolo. E-Yekaterinburg sathenga le-aquarium:
Itholwe emakethe yezinyoni iVerkh-Isetsky (umgwaqo wase Khalturina, oseduze kweCarnival ne-AUCHAN City). Kuthengwe cishe iminyaka eyi-10 edlule kuma-3 500 TR ngemishini yangaphakathi (isihlungi ne-heater, ukukhanyisa, kanye nesendlalelo). Manje i-aquarium enjalo cishe ibiza ngaphezulu. Kepha, uma unikezwe ukuthi uzokusebenzela isikhathi eside, kufanelekile ukuphuma noma ucele isipho)). Bavele banginikeza le aquarium)).
Ama-Aquarium futhi ayathengiswa ezitolo zezilwane (iMatroskin, ngokwesibonelo), kodwa kuyabiza kancane. Ungathenga i-aquarium engabizi kakhulu yesibili (noma entsha) ngayo yonke imishini nezinhlanzi ngaphezu kwalokho esizeni sama-Classifieds Avito.
Ngakho-ke, uzodinga: i-aquarium, isihlungi, i-heater, isibani sokukhanyisa, ukudla, inetha, i-aquarium encane yokufakelwa, i-siphon, ibhulashi.
AMathiphu WOKUKHETHA NOKUFUNA:
Kungcono ukuthatha i-aquarium yesimo esingunxande, noma i-hemisphere (bheka isithombe ngenhla). UNGAYENGI UKUTHENGA I-AQUARIUM Round! Ihlanekezela isithombe ngenxa yesimo sayo esiyindilinga, futhi futhi ayiguquki kakhulu.
QAPHELA UKUZE UKUTHOLA I-AQUARIUM OKWENGEZIWE KULULA KULUNGELE UKUZINIKELA! Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indawo yokuhlala inkulu kakhulu futhi imfucumfucu ayinasikhathi sokuqongelela. Umthamo wamalitha angama-50 kuye kwayi-100 kufanelekile. Lapho, ungakwazi ukuhlalisa imidlwane nje kuphela, kodwa nezinye izinhlanzi: i-zebrafish, i-neon, izinkemba zamakhemba, umbhangqwana we-catfish kanye ne-ampoule (udonco). I-Catfish izococa izindonga zakho ze-aquarium. Zonke izinhlanzi ziyahlangana kahle.
Ithiphu encane: uma kunekati endlini (MAYELANA ne-CAT MUSK) kanye / noma ingane encane, qiniseka ukuthenga i-aquarium ngesivimbo - lokhu kuyasebenza, kuyathandeka ngobuhle futhi kuzokuvikela ekutholeni ikati nezandla zezingane e-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafaka ukukhanyisa.
Inhlanzi eyodwa idinga amalitha amahlanu amanzi. I-aquarium yami enomthamo wamalitha angama-30 ilungele abantu abayisithupha kuphela.
E-aquarium kufanele kube hlunga (khetha inkampani ethembekile, sine-Aquael). Bheka ngokucophelela ukuthi ilungele malini, yonke into ibhaliwe kwiphakheji noma uthintane nomthengisi.
UMBUZO:kungani ngidinga isihlungi?ngingenakwenza ngaphandle kwakhe futhi ngingasebenzisi imali eyigugu?
IMPENDULO: Ukuhlunga ku-aquarium kuyadingeka! Ihlanza amanzi ezintweni ezingcolile ezincane zomsebenzi obalulekile wenhlanzi, ibancele kwisiponji esikhethekile, esitholakala ngaphakathi kwesihlungi. Ukungcola okusuka lapho akubuyiseli e-aquarium, kodwa kubambeka ngokuphephile ngaphakathi kwesiponji.
Isihlungi sibuye sicezele amanzi nomoya-mpilo, sikhulule ama-bubble omoya emgodini okhethekile. Ungashintsha ukugeleza kwabo, kepha ngihlala ngibeka phezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi e-aquarium lapho kungekho khona izitshalo eziphilayo futhi i-oxygen ayitholakali.
Futhi, isihlungi sinikezela ukujikeleza kwamanzi ku-aquarium ngenxa yokuthi ayihambeki.
ISIPHETHO:Ukuhlunga ku-aquarium kuyadingeka ukuthenga, ihlanza amanzi agcwele imfucumfucu, ithuthukise amanzi nge-oxygen futhi ihlinzeke ukujikeleza kwamanzi, njengakwindawo yokugcina yemvelo. Izinhlanzi zizizwa zizinhle + ukubukeka kwama-bubble kuyinto yokwazisa futhi kuyathambisa, muhle kakhulu.
ICEBISO: isihlungi, kanye ne-aeration kungcono ukukufaka isikhathi eside. Ungayicisha ebusuku (uma uthanda ukuthula) noma unciphise ukuphuma kwama-bubble (umoya-mpilo).
Umsebenzi wokuhlunga nowokusiza e-aquarium yami azungeze iwashi. Kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi ziphilile futhi sizisize zinwebise isikhathi sazo sokuphila, ukwanelisa ukuhlala kwazo emanzini thatha izidumbu yonga ugesi.
Ungathenga futhi i-heater yamanzi kanye ne-thermometer yokulandela umkhondo nokuthola amazinga okushisa. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lama-guppies - 24 ° C) I-heater ifakwa ezingeni elinqunyelwe ngaphambili ngokuguqula umshini.
Isibani Sithenge i-aquarium ngesibani. Ku- "Anster" (isitolo sezilwane) isibani sibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-1000. Isibani sethu sokuqala saphela ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi.
Ngokukhanyisa, i-aquarium ibukeka enhle kakhulu futhi igqamile, kufanelekile ukubuka izinhlanzi. Futhi, ukukhanya kuyadingeka ngezitshalo eziphilayo nezinhlanzi ngokwazo (ikakhulukazi i-neon).
Umhlobiso nenhlabathi e-aquarium.Amathiphu: iphutha lami lapho ngisaqala nje ukulima i-aquarium ukuthi empeleni ngangifuna ukuhlobisa i-aquarium futhi angishiyanga ndawo yokubhukuda. Izinhlanzi zahlangana. Yenza kube ngcono ngale ndlela: isitshalo esisodwa noma ezimbili ezinhlangothini. Faka wonke ama-grottoes, amagobolondo, njll ngemuva. Shiya umphambili ngokubhukuda.
Kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi ephakathi nendawo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izinhlanzi zikwazi ukudla ukudla okuvela phansi. Enhlabathini emahhadla, izinhlayiya eziphakayo ziyavaleka kunokuba zilele ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium iba nokungcola okuningi ngokushesha, njengoba ukudla okungonakalisiwe kubola. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amanzi kungenzeka abe namafu. Anginaso isikhathi manje sokuthenga inhlabathi enhle, nginamabhola engilazi aphakathi nendawo + njengomhlobiso + amatshe amakhulu.
Kungcono ukufaka i-aquarium kude namafasitela nokukhanya ngokweqile ukuze kungaqhakaze futhi kungambozwe ukuqhuma okuluhlaza. Amanzi angathululelwa empompini, kepha qiniseka ukukuvumela ukuthi kuxazululwe futhi isimo sezulu siphume nge-bleach ILANGA. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngikhanyisa i-aeration ukuze kube nomoya owanele we-oksijini emanzini. Ngifaka izinhlanzi ngosuku lwesibili. Ingadedelwa kanye “namanzi” amadala, abajwayele, ukuze kungabikho ngcindezi.
UKUFUNA I-GUUPPI.
Thenga okushibhile umkhombe wokudla kusuka ku-polystyrene (kubiza cishe ama-ruble angama-30). Kuyinto ntofontofo futhi inamaseli amabili - yokudla owomile niphile. Ku-feeder enjalo, ukudla akusakazeki ngaphezu kobuso bonke be-aquarium, kepha kuhlala kungaphakathi kwemingcele.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga izinhlanzi, buza ukuthi zazidlani. Zethu uthando ukudla okomile. Sibathengele ukudla "iTetra" emakethe ngamarubhu angama-50. 30 gr Izinhlanzi ezi-6, iziqaqa ezimbili zanele ukuthi izinhlanzi zidle konke ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle komkhondo. Hlikihla ukudla okwomile phakathi kweminwe bese uthelela ku-feed ekhethekile. Ngondla kanye ngosuku - ekuseni. Izinhlanzi azidli ngokweqile futhi zihlala zisebenza, i-aquarium ihlanzekile.
Ungase futhi ondle okusajingijolo. Thatha okuncane, okukhulu kungamampunge futhi nezinhlanzi ezincane ezinjalo ngeke zikugwinye. Ngincamela ama-raspberries bukhoma, kubukeka sengathi kuyathandeka futhi kugcwele amavithamini (emabhokisini emakethe yenkukhu kubiza ama-ruble angama-30), kepha ungathenga eqandisiwe kuma-mini-briquette.
Kulula kakhulu, Yebo, ukondla ngokudla owomile, kodwa uyaphila okuningi ewusizo kakhulu.
KWAKUHLE KANJANI UKUBA NAMAHHAYA AQUARIUM?
Izinhlanzi nokubabuka thula uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi dambisa ingcindezi, azidingi ukuhamba. Kwanele ukubuka kaningana ngosuku ukuthi izinhlanzi zibhukuda kanjani futhi uzobe ususimweni esihle. Lapho i-aquarium ihlanzekile futhi ilungiswe kahle, lapho wonke umuntu ephilile, yeka ukuthi kumnandi kanjani kusihlwa ubuke lezi zinhle ngemisila emihle, ekhanyayo!
UKUNAKEKELWA KWA-AQUARIUM.
Kulula futhi kufushane ukunakekela. Lungiselela i-yokusungula yakho: ibhakede elikhulu, isitsha sokufakelwa, ibhulashi, isixubho samazinyo (amalunga ahlanzekile, amakona). Bamba inhlanzi ngesineke esitsheni esihlukile. Ukushintshwa kwamanzi kanye ngesonto. Kungenzeka i-2/3. Phansi kuphathwa nge-siphon ekhethekile. Udonsa ngokungcola futhi ukhipha wonke amanzi. Sigeza isihlungi njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-3-4 ngensipho, bese uhlanza kahle. Uma kunesidingo, hlanza izindonga.
Iminyaka eminingi, ukuthi ngigcina izinhlanzi ezingakanani, ama-guppies abukeka kimi engenye yezinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezingenakukhalipha. Ngincoma lezi zinhlanzi kuwo wonke umuntu.
Futhi MANJE UKUTHENGA KAKHULU, AQUARIUM ISENZO:
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
Isici esibonakalayo sama-guppies ukukhiqizwa kweqanda. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi eziningi, ukuvundiswa kwamaqanda nokukhula kwawo akwenzeki endaweni yangaphandle, kodwa emzimbeni wesifazane. Ngenxa yalokho, i-fry esivele yakhekile ivela ekukhanyeni. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba ematfuba okusinda.
Ama-guppies futhi ayeyizinhlanzi zokuqala ukuvakashela isikhala sangaphandle. Abagcinanga ngokuzivumelanisa ngempumelelo nokuphila kokudonsa phansi okungaphakathi kwesiteshi se-orbital seSalutut-5, kodwa bakwazile nokunikeza izingane. Ososayensi bezakhi zofuzo bazisebenzisa ukutadisha ukudluliswa kwezimpawu zofuzo.
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zinikeze insizakalo enkulu emphakathini womhlaba. Iqiniso ngukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zidla ngenjabulo izibungu zomiyane bomalaleveva, futhi ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane, ama-guppies axazululwa ezindaweni zokugcina zamazwe amaningi.
Ukubukeka
Ama-guppies yinhlanzi encane evela emndenini wakwaPecilia. Ubukhulu bomzimba obujwayelekile kowesilisa bungama-3 cm, kowesifazane - cm 6. Izikali zisesimweni senethi ye-rhombic, lapho izinhlanzi zithole khona i-epithet yezinhlobo ezivela kwi-Latin "reticulum" - inetha. I-dimorphism emenyezelwe ngokobulili iyingxenye yezinhlanzi. Izinsikazi zikhulu kakhulu futhi zikhulu kunabesilisa, azinandawo yokuqina yeveli futhi inombala onesizotha kakhulu: iningi lomzimba nomsila grey, kwesinye isikhathi i-caudal fin inemibala noma inamabala. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukanisa abesilisa ukuba khona kwe-anal fin mod, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-gonopodia. Ngibonga yena, abesilisa bayakwazi ukubeka imikhiqizo yezocansi ngqo emgodini wesisu sowesifazane, lapho ukwenziwa komanyolo sekuvele kwenzeka.
Ngokuqondene nokufaka imibala, abantu bemvelo abakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngengubo ekhanyayo: umzimba ompunga nomncane (ngaphandle kokuhluke ngokuphelele endaweni) izindawo ezilinganayo zezimbambo eziyindilinga. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ucashe ngempumelelo ezitheni phakathi kwamathanga aminyene. Udaba oluhluke ngokuphelele amafomu okuzalela, abekhonjiswa isikhathi eside ngabasebenza ngama-amateurs nabasebenza emhlabeni wonke. Amaqembu ambalwa ezinzile ezinhlanzi ahlukaniswa, ngokuya ngesimo se-caudal fin nombala womzimba. Ama-guppies angaba umbala owodwa, amabala, nge-sheen yensimbi, njll. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza uhlu lwazo zonke izithunzi zemibala nokwakheka kwama-guppies angatholakala ngokuthengisiwe.
Umlando wokubukeka / ukutholwa
Omunye wososayensi bokuqala abachaza ama-guppies wayengudokotela odumile wezilwane waseJalimane uWilhelm Karl Hartwig Peters ngo-1859. Wanikeza le nhlanzi igama elithi Poecilia reticate, eyaqhubeka kuze kube ngu-1861, lapho umcwaningi waseNtaliyane uF. De Filippi efunda izinto ezitholakele athola nohlobo oluthile lweLebistes, inhlanzi yathola igama elithi Lebistes poeciloides.
Inhlanzi yathola igama layo lesibili ngokuthi "guppy" (in "guppy" yasekuqaleni) ukuhlonipha usosayensi ongumpristi nompristi uRobert Guppy, owaletha eNgilandi esuka esiqhingini saseTrinidad ngonyaka we-1866. Izinhlanzi zibekezelele kahle uhambo lwanyanga zonke futhi zethulwe nguRobert enkantolo yebhodi lesayensi leBritish Museum of Natural History. Wabahambisa kuhlobo olusha uGirardinus, futhi waqamba le nhlanzi ngokuhlonipha kwakhe - uGirardinus guppyi.
Lapho kuvela ukuthi eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuba le nhlanzi isivele ichazwe omunye usosayensi, iphinde yaqanjwa kabusha igama, kulokhu eLebistes reticulatus. Futhi kwenzeka kuphela ngo-1963, ngemuva kokubukezwa okuningana kwezinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma ezivela emndenini kaPetsiliev, eziqhutshwa ngabachichologists uDkt. URose noR.M. U-Bailey, i-guppy yabuyiselwa ebizelweni lakhona langaphambili - uPoecilia ophinda abambe uPeter. Noma kunjalo, igama elithi "guppy" ligxile kakhulu ezinhlanzini, zombili emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi naseRussia.
Emhlabeni wanamuhla, imidlwane engasaphathwa endle. Ama-hybrids amaningi atholakala emapulazini akhethekile ezinhlanzi athengiswa ngezigidi eziningi zenkatho emhlabeni wonke.
Izindinganiso zohlobo lwe-Guppy zenziwe emazingeni omhlaba kanye nawezwe lonke. Cishe kuwo wonke amazwe, kunamakilabhu amakhulu e-amateur ahlanganyela kwimibukiso ejwayelekile yalezi zinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu.
Habitat
Ngokomlando, ama-guppies ahlala eCentral, eNyakatho Melika naseziqhingini zaseCaribbean. Lawa ngamazwe anjengeBrazil, iVenezuela, iGuiana, iTrinidad neTobago. Ngenxa yokukhuthazela kwabo okumangazayo, izinhlanzi zagcwala cishe yonke imithombo yama-biotopes emincane engenamanzi: imifula, amachibi, imisele, swamp. Abanye abantu bangatholakala ngisho nasemilonyeni yemifula egeleza olwandle, lapho amanzi ahlanzekile nosawoti exubeka khona.
Khetha imifula efudumele ngenkambo emnene. Izinhlanzi zihlala emihlanjini emincane (kuze kube yizicucu ezi-10) emahlathini aminyene ezitshalo, lapho zicasha khona uma kungaba nengozi. Imvamisa ukubhukuda eduze kwamanzi.
Ama-guppies njengamanje ayizinhlobo zangempela zezulu. Ngenxa ye-acclimatization yokufakelwa ukulwa nezibungu zemiyane yomalaleveva, izinhlanzi zingatholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Akuyona indima yokugcina eyadlalwa ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwezinhlanzi njengesilwane sasekhaya se-aquarium.
Ama-guppies angenye yezinhlanzi eziqinile kunazo zonke ezingaphila ezinhlobonhlobo zamapharamitha wamanzi futhi ziphila, kwesinye isikhathi ezimweni ezinzima ngokweqile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi abantu abangabodwa (mhlawumbe abakhishwe abasebenza emanzini) baye bajwayela ukuhlala ngisho nasemifuleni yamadolobha amakhulu, ezindaweni lapho kukhishwa khona imfucuza efudumele.
Phakathi kwama-aquarists, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo lwe-guppy zohlobo lwePoecilia reticulata, esinye isidalwa esidume kakhulu - iGuppy Endler (Poecilia wingei). Le nhlanzi encane kodwa ekhanyayo kakhulu ingaba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu we-aquarium. Yaqala ukutholwa ngonyaka we-1937, kepha ayitholanga ukuthandwa futhi sekuyisikhathi eside icatshangwa ukuthi iyashabalala. Futhi ngo-1975 kuphela, uJohn Endler wenza incazelo ephelele ephelele yezinhlobo. Kuyinto engapheli emathafeni asogwini lwaseVenezuela.
Ama-guppies endler mancane kakhulu ngosayizi futhi muhle kakhulu kuma-nano-aquariums. Abesilisa bayakhula bafinyelele ku-2,5 cm, izinsikazi zifinyelele ku-3.5 cm. Izinsikazi zinemibala eqondayo, kanti owesilisa ugcwele imibala yemvula.
I-Guppy Endler
Kungcono ukugcina ngamaqembu amancane anezinsikazi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi i-aquarium itshalwe ngokweqile ngezitshalo. Izinhlanzi zisebenza kakhulu, abesilisa bahlala benakekela izinsikazi. Bangakwazi ukuphuma nge-aquariums evulekile. Njengomakhelwane, ungasebenzisa ama-characin amancane, i-zebrafish, i-paring, amakhorali. Imvamisa uhlala e-aquarium iminyaka eminingana. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme (cishe ama-30 ° C), akhula ngentshiseko, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, isikhathi sokuphila siyancishiswa. Ama-Flakes noma ama-granule amancane alungele ukudliwa. Ukuzala kabusha kulula kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, insikazi iyagwinya isukela ku-5 kuya ku-25 gry njalo ngenyanga. Fry bakhulu, bayakwazi ukukudla masinyane ukudla okunefry ne nauplii ye brine shrimp.
Izinhlobo ze-Guppy
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zinokuhlukahluka okuningi kobukhulu nemibala. Izinhlobo ze-Guppy zihlukaniswa iqoqo lezimpawu, eziphambili zazo okungumbala womzimba, umbala kanye nokwakheka kwamaphini, ukuba khona kokukhanya kwe-pelescent kanye nephethini. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona "ukuthengiswa", amagama asungulwe ngokomlando (ngokwesibonelo, "Berlin" - obomvu omnyama, "isikhulu esimnyama" - omnyama omnyama, "i-carnation" - umbala obomvu wekhaphethi obomvu, "cobra" - igama elifanelekile "i-filigree", njll. .).
Ukuhluka kombala we-Guppy
Izindlela zokwakheka kombala esikubonayo ziyinkimbinkimbi ngofuzo futhi kungenxa yemibala eminingana, inhlanganisela ehlukile yayo eyenza imibala ehlukahlukene ehlukile yemihlobo ekhona. Kuze kube manje, amagama amancanyana ahlanganisiwe alezi zinhlanzi awakamukelwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzalo ye-guppy yombala othile izohlala ihlukana futhi kuvela imibala emisha, okuholela ekudidekeni futhi kwenza kube nzima ukugcina umugqa ohlanzekile.
Lapho kugcinwa noma imuphi umugca ku-aquarium, "ukungashintshi" kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwezizukulwane eziningana, okungukuthi, izici zohlobo lokuzala zinganyamalala noma zenze izinguquko ezinkulu, futhi ukusebenza kwezinhlanzi kuzokhubazeka kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokususa inzalo, noma ukuhlangana okuhlobene eduze. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, lapho kuzalaniswa ama-guppies kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile wengeze “igazi” elisha, okungukuthi, weqe nabamele wohlobo olufanayo, kodwa othathwe komunye umfuyi wezilima.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imigqa yohlobo lwe-guppy ehlanzekile ingatholakala kuphela ezindaweni zasemanzini abafuyi, ngoba ukugcina lo mzala kudinga umzamo omkhulu, isikhathi eside, kanye nokuhambisana nemibandela yokukhula nokukhetha eqinile. Ama-hybridi ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ekhombisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlamvu, kuvame ukuthengiswa.
Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-guppy phakathi kwama-aquarists.
I-Guppy Cobra (Isikhumba Sezinyoka)
Igama elilungile ngokwalo mhlobo yi-guppy filigree. Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukanisa izindawo ezinwetshiwe ngokungahleliwe nge-luster yensimbi emzimbeni wonke. Le ndlela ifana kakhulu nephethini yesikhumba senyoka, lapho lo mhlambi waziqamba igama. Ngaphakathi kohlobo lokuzalwa kunezinhlobo zemibala eminingana: I-cobra ebomvu, i-Yellow (Gold) cobra, i-Blue cobra kanye ne-cobra ejwayelekile kakhulu eluhlaza.
IGuppy Green Cobra (Inyoka Cobra)
I-guppies ekhaphethi
Ifaniswa nomsila obomvu onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi ngama-sparkles. Icala linombala onsundu noma owolintshi. Ukwakheka kwe-clove kubuye kuhlukaniswe ekuzaleni - kukhona umhlobiso obomvu-wesiliva noma opinki-wesiliva ku-fin fin. I-veil emerald - umsila nomzimba nge-emerald hue, ebonakalayo ngokukhanya okubonakalayo.
Ikhaphethi ye-Guppy
Ukubuyiselwa
Ingxenye yesithathu yomzimba iyisiliva, enye, kufaka ne-caudal fin, imnyama velvet. Umhlobiso wesiliva ubonwa emsileni nakuma-dorsal fin. Isibonelo yilokhu: mnyama omnyama, omhlophe omnyama (waseCanada), omnyama omnyama (isikhulu esimnyama).
Guppy uhhafu omnyama
Umbala owodwa
Umzimba upendiwe ngokulinganayo ngombala owodwa, kwesinye isikhathi ufakwe nge-sheen yensimbi. Isibonelo iMoscow Green, iMicrosoft Black, njll.
Ama-guppy amadoda abomvu e-albino ephelele
Ukunakekelwa Kwezinswelaboya Nesondlo
Ngenxa yokukhuthazela okukhulu kwama-guppies, kukholelwa ukuthi ukudala izimo ezinhle zezinhlanzi akunandaba kakhulu. Kepha le ndlela ayilungile. Ama-guppies, njenganoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi, adinga ukuhambisana nemithetho ethile yokugcina. Kulesi simo nje kuphela, isilwane sizophila impilo ende, ngeke sithinteke ezifweni, siyohlala sisebenza futhi ngeke silahlekelwe yisimo saso esihle.
Izimbungulu ku-aquarium enophondo
Ama-guppies agcinwa kahle kakhulu ngamaqembu amancane ama-6 noma ngaphezulu. E-aquarium babhukuda kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi. Kufanele kukhethwe inhlanzi ukuze abesilisa abangama-2-3 kowesilisa ngamunye - kulokhu, izinsikazi zingahlaselwa abesilisa abalungele ukuqhuma. Ngomhlambi wezingcezu ezingama-6-10, udinga i-aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-50. Inhlabathi ilungele noma ngubani, into esemqoka ukuthi ibe ngaphandle kwemiphetho ebukhali futhi mhlawumbe ibe ngumthunzi omnyama, ngayo inhlanzi ibukeka imangalisa ngokwengeziwe. Isidingo esifanayo siyasebenza endaweni ebonakalayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze abesilisa bangalimazi imisila yabo ye-chic. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusetha ukukhanya kukhanye: ngayo, ama-guppies abukeka kangcono futhi athole umbala ogcwele ngokwengeziwe. I-aquarium imbozwe kahle ngesivalo, ngoba izinhlanzi zingagxuma kalula emanzini namanzi emhlabeni.
Ama-guppies azizwa emuhle emanzini ahlanzekile, anomoya-mpilo, into esemqoka ukuthi ukugeleza kwesihlungi akunamandla kakhulu: kunzima ngezinhlanzi ezincane ukumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi okuqinile. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokugcina lezinhlanzi ezishisayo lingama-24-26 ° C, yize ama-guppies angaba khona kusukela ku-18 kuye ku-30 ° C. Isikhathi sokuphila kuncike kakhulu emazingeni okushisa. Lapho sikhula kakhulu isibonakaliso, ngokushesha ukwenzeka kwemetabolism kwenzeka, inqubo yokuzala iba kaningi, kepha isikhathi sempilo siyancipha. Uma inhlanzi isemkhawulweni ophansi wokushisa, khona-ke imitha yayo yehlisa ijubane, umsebenzi wokuzala uyama.
Amanzi anobulukhuni be-10-25 ° dGH kanye ne-acidity ka-7-8.5 alungele ama-guppies. Kodwa-ke, amapharamitha wamanzi akuyona i-axiom. Uma izinguquko bezingezimbi kangako, khona-ke ama-guppies angazivumelanisa kalula nanoma yiziphi izimo ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukuze ulondoloze impilo enhle, izinguquko zamasonto onke zamanzi e-aquarium (25-30%) ziyadingeka.
Ama-guppies athanda amathanga aminyene ezitshalo. Kungcono ukunikela izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amancanyana anamaqabunga abuthakathaka (uphondo, i-kabomba, i-ludwigia, njll.) Ngeke kube yinto ephezulu ukubeka isibhamu noma i-riccia ebusweni bamanzi - kulula kakhulu ukuba zicashe kufry entsha. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukugcina i-Indian fern (Ceratopteris tralictroides) e-aquarium ene-guppy - isebenza njenge-biofilter enhle, inkomba yesimo samanzi nendawo lapho ifry ingafihla khona. E-aquarium, kubalulekile ukushiya isikhala samahhala sokubhukuda.
Ama-guppies angakwazi ukubekezelela ukunyuka okuncane kukasawoti e-aquarium.
Izinhlobo zokuzalela zizwela kakhulu ezimeni zokulungiswa kune- "mongrel", ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula amapharamitha afanele wamanzi asemanzini ngemifino emihle ngokuzungeza kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Aquarium kuzokusiza ngalokhu.
Ukuvumelana
I-Guppy yinhlanzi enokuthula kakhulu futhi yokuhlala, abantu abambalwa abangacasulayo ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Imvamisa kwenzeka ngenye indlela ezungeze: umsila weveli we-guppy usebenza kwezinye izinhlanzi, njengegwala elibomvu kunkunzi. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kugcinwa futhi ungatshali izinhlanzi ezisebenzayo ezinjenge-barbs noma i-iris e-aquarium - ngomqondo ophakeme, umsila we-guppy uzohlupheka futhi uyeke ukuheha kangako. Kuma-cichlid amakhulu, ama-guppies azoba "ukudla okubukhoma."
Guppies and Pecilia in a aquarium ezejwayelekile
Omakhelwane abalungile be-guppies bazoba izinhlanzi ezinokuthula, ezifanayo ngosayizi: zebrafish, parsing, mollies, neon, tetra. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuvikela ukweqisa kwe-aquarium. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake iqiniso lokuthi ama-guppies azalela ngokushesha futhi izinombolo zawo zingakhula kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Fry ezinye zizodliwa ezinye izinhlanzi, futhi ngesinye isikhathi ngabazali bazo, ngakho-ke kudingeka indawo yokukhosela yemvelo neyokufakelwa izingane.
Ukondla
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokondla zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi ama-guppies, yile elandelayo:
- Ukudla kufanele kube nokulinganisela, kuqukethe zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo namavithamini.
- Ukondla kufanele kuhluke, ungagxili ohlotsheni olulodwa lokuphakelayo.
- Kuyadingeka ukondla izinhlanzi ngezingxenyana ezincane, ezingakudla ngokuphelele emizuzwini embalwa, ngoba ukudla okungapheli kungabola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kwandise nezinga le-nitrogen compounds.
- Ukudla kumele kukhethwe ngokuya ngezidingo zenhlanzi, usayizi wezinto zomlomo kanye nesimo somzimba.
Ngokukhethekile ngokugcina izinhlanzi ze-guppy e-aquarium, iTetra iye yathuthukisa futhi yaqala ukudla okwomile okusezingeni eliphakeme okuhloselwe ama-guppies - I-Tetra Guppy ne-Tetra Guppy Colour. Ukudla kuyisitho esincane esenzelwe umlomo omncane walezi zinhlanzi. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezithako zezitshalo namaminerali kuthuthukisa ukuqina kokuphakelwa futhi kugqugquzela ukukhula okusebenzayo. I-Tetra Guppy Colour iqukethe izithuthukisi zemibala yezinhlanzi zemvelo. Umphumela wokuphakelwa okuvamile uyabonakala ngemuva kwamasonto amabili okusebenzisa: izinhlanzi ezinombala obomvu, ophuzi, o-orange ziqhakaza kakhulu.
Ukuphapha nge-guppy e-aquarium
Ukugqoka okuphezulu njalo kwama-guppies okuphakelayo okufakwe nengxenye yesitshalo, ngokwesibonelo, iTetraPro Algae, ngeke kube okuthe xaxa. Lokhu kudla ngesimo sama-chips kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje obumnene, obandisa inani lokudla nokuqina kwamavithamini. Ukugxila kwe-algae kukuvumela ukuthi unxephezele ukushoda kwengxenye yesitshalo ekudleni kwe-guppy.
Uma unikezwe ukuthi ukuzala ama-guppies akunzima ikakhulukazi, umbuzo uphakama - yini ukondla ifry? I-TetraMin Baby feed ekhethekile yezinhlanzi zezingane ilungele ukukhulisa gypy gry. Inesilinganiso esikhulu samaprotheni nawo wonke amavithamini adingekayo adingekayo ekukhuleni ngokuzethemba kanye nokukhula kahle kwezinhlanzi.
Ukuzala
Ukuzalela ama-guppy akunzima ikakhulukazi. Bona ngokwabo bayakwazi ukuzala kahle ngisho nasendaweni evamile yokudoba unyaka wonke, kodwa ukuthola inzalo enkulu kungcono ukuhlela indawo ehlukile yokuqhuma. I-dimorphism emenyezelwe yezocansi ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe kalula i-pair. Ama-guppies afinyelela ebusheni eneminyaka engu-3-5 izinyanga.
Guppy owesilisa nowesifazane
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-guppy ingeyenhlanzi e-ovoviviparous. Owesifazane akazibeki amaqanda emanzini, futhi ukuvundiswa nokukhula kwamaqanda kwenzeka esiswini sikamama. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kowesilisa we-anal fin mod - gonopodia, angenisa ngayo ubisi lwayo emzimbeni wowesifazane. Fry esele yakhekile (ikhophi elincane labazali) liyavela, lilungele ukuzondla. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-aquarists abona into efana nokuzalwa kuka-fry, inqobo nje uma kungekho owesilisa e-aquarium. Lokhu kuchazwa yiqiniso lokuthi insikazi iyakwazi ukugcina imikhiqizo yobulili besilisa isikhathi eside futhi iphindaphinde ilethe inzalo yize ingekho owesilisa. Kwanele kuye ukuthi okungenani isikhathi esithile abe munye nabesilisa. Lapho kuzaliswa ama-guppies, izinsikazi zezintombi ezikhule ngokuhlukile kubesilisa ziyasetshenziswa.
Ukuthuthukiswa ko-fry esibelethweni kuhlala isikhathi esingangenyanga futhi kuncike ekushiseni kwamanzi azungezile. Inani le-fry elizalwe ngasikhathi sinye lingahluka ngokuya ngeminyaka, usayizi kanye nezimo zezinsikazi. Ezinye izintokazi ezindala zivundile kangangokuba ziyakwazi ukukhukhula zize zifinyelele ku-100 gly ngasikhathi.
Izinsikazi azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi abazali abakhathalelayo. Kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane bayozijabulisa izingane zabo, uma belambile bazokwazi ukuzibamba. Ukuze ulondoloze inani elikhulu lezinsizwa, kuyadingeka ukutshala insikazi isilungele ukuzalaniswa endaweni eyi-aquarium eseceleni nenani elikhulu lezitshalo ezinamashiya amancane, lapho ifry ingafihla khona, noma isitshele okhethekile.
Umzuzu lapho insikazi isilungele "ukuzala ingane" ibonakala ngokucacile: isisu sowesifazane sanda kakhulu futhi sibe sikwele, ibala eliseduze kwasesiphundu selimnyama bese likhuphuka ngosayizi. Ngemuva kokuhlakazeka, insikazi kufanele isuswe ku-gry. Ekuzalweni, i-guppy gry ingama-5-8 mm ngosayizi, iyamaselula kakhulu, ihlala izungeza i-aquarium lapho ifuna izinyoni ezincane.
Guppy gazinga
Izinsizwa ze-Guppy zithuthukisa ngokuzimela ngokuphelele, into esemqoka ukuzondla njalo izingane zazo ngokudla okunempilo kuze kube izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku futhi zilondoloze amapharamitha amanzi amaningi. I-Fry, efinyelele kubukhulu obungaba lisentimitha elilodwa nesigamu, ingatshalwa e-aquarium kubazali. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile, izinsikazi kudingeka ziphumule ekuzaliseni.
Lapho ukuzalanisa ama-guppies "purebred" kunobunzima obuncane: ngokushesha lapho kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ubulili befry (eneminyaka engaba yinyanga eyodwa), abesilisa kufanele badluliselwe kwelinye i-aquarium. Le nqubo idinga ukwenziwa ngokucophelela kakhulu, ngoba ngisho nowesilisa oyedwa ophuthelwe ngengozi uzokwazi ukufaka umquba iningi labesifazane. Kulokhu, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi kulondolozwe ukwakheka kwamajikijolo noma umugqa wombala. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kuphela abantu abahamba phambili ngombala nangokwakheka komzimba abambe iqhaza ekuzaleni.
Iphutha eliyinhloko lokuqala abalimi be-guppy ukulungiswa okuhlanganyelwe kokuzala okumbalwa kwe-guppy endaweni evamile ye-aquarium. Ukuzala ngokuzala kuphumela enzalweni yenani eliphansi.
Kunesinye isici lapho kukhula ama-guppies amancane. Amafry akhula isikhathi eside impela, kepha ukukhula kwesiduna, lapho sesifinyelele ebusheni, kuyayeka. Ukuvuthwa okushesha kakhulu kwabesilisa kubonwa ekushiseni kwamanzi okungu-30 ° C, kuyilapho abesilisa bengafani ngosayizi omkhulu. Uma ukuthosa kukhula ngamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-22 ° C, ukuvuthwa kwabesilisa kuyabambezeleka, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bayakwazi ukuba bakhulu. IGonopodia in amafomu abesilisa eneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala.
Isikhathi sokuphila se-guppy esimeni sokushisa esilinganiselwe siyiminyaka engama-3-4.
Ukuzalela i-Endup guppy akuhlukile ngokuhlukile ekuzalweni kukaPoecilia reticulata guppy. Imvamisa, insikazi ibeletha ama-fry ambalwa kuphela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma ufuna ukugcina umugqa ohlanzekile wezinsini zika-Endler, awukwazi ukugcina izinhlanzi ngezinhlobo ezihlobene kakhulu, ngoba inzalo yokunqamula inzalo ne-hybrid iyenzeka.
I-Endler Guppy Hybrid
Ngakho-ke, ukukhululeka kokuzalela izinsana kuvumela owasemanzini ngamunye ukuba azame ukuzalanisa. Futhi yize le nqubo ilula impela futhi kwesinye isikhathi ithatha iminyaka eminingana, umphumela uyoba ukuzalwa kohlobo oluhlukile ngokuphelele.