Izinyoni zitholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia, e-Australia, e-Afrika, nasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga neNyakatho Melika ezindaweni ezivulekile zasolwandle nasemanzini asenkabeni. Zihlala duzane nesihlabathi noma amatshe asogwini kanye neziyingi zemifula, akuvamile ukuba zihlale kude nolwandle. Lolu hlobo luza emadwaleni naseziqhingini ezisogwini, phakathi kwamatshe amakhulu kanye nezakhiwo. Izinyoni ezidla emhlabeni zakha izidleke ezihlahleni, emahlahleni, emhlanga, nasemhlabathini ongenalutho.
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Imikhuba nendlela yokuphila
Ama-cormorant amakhulu ayasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini, ashiye izindawo zokuhlala zokuphakela ekuseni bese ebuyela esidlekeni cishe ihora, abazali abanamachwane bafuna ukudla isikhathi eside. Iningi losuku liphumula futhi bondla eduze kwezindawo ezidlekayo noma ama-roogo.
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Ama-cormorants amakhulu awalwi ngamabomu komunye nomunye, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezizaliswayo lapho zibonisa khona ukusebenza kwenhlangano. Kukhona ubukhosi kanye nezinyoni eziphakeme ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezilawula ezokuqala kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalela, ama-cormorants abuthana ngamaqembu obudala obuxubile.
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Ngenkathi yokuzalela, abantu ngaphandle kwesixhiba bahlala ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuzalela. Ama-cormorants axazululiwe futhi ayafuduka. Kwezinye izindawo, amaqembu amakhulu ezinyoni ahlala ezindaweni zokuzalela futhi awandizeli eningizimu.
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Ukubukeka kwama-cormorants
Ama-cormorants angamalungu omndeni we-pelican. Baphila cishe emhlabeni wonke. Umndeni unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zezinyoni, eziyisithupha kuzo zidleke ezweni lethu. Ama-cormorant e-Baikal angamalungu ezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ama-cormorant ayizihlobo zama-pelicans.
Zinezinsimbi eziphakeme, njengesigaxa, umzimba, intamo yinde, kukhona ulwelwesi emilenzeni. Isikhwama sentamo sitholakala entanyeni. Lapho izinyoni zondla amachwane, zinamathela emakhanda abo zisemlonyeni wabazali bazo, kanti umuntu omdala ugoba intamo yakhe bese efaka inhlanzi iye kuye. Uqhwaku lwama-cormorants mncane futhi mude, luphetha ngocingo olubukhali. Uqhwaku lusebenza njengesifebe nama-tweezers. I-plumage of cormorants imnyama, kanti izimpaphe zinephunga lensimbi.
Zihlala esidlekeni kanye nezinye izinyoni. Ukwakha izidleke, amagatsha notshani kuyasetshenziswa. Amakati azalwa enqunu futhi engenakusizwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, anomkhuhlane, bese izimpaphe ziqale ukundiza.
Izinyoni ezingama-cormorant zingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu amane.
ICormorant iyinyoni enkulu kunalokho, ingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu amane. Ama-mapppan ahluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-160 kuye kumitha eyi-1. Lawa masayizi ayamangalisa.
Indlela yokuphila yama-cormorants
Ama-cormorants ahola indlela yokuphila ehlukile futhi ahlala endiza, phakathi nosuku angahamba amabanga amade. Maphakathi no-Septhemba, ama-cormorants ahlangana emhlanjini eLake Baikal, kuqale izidleke. Ekupheleni kwekwindla baphuma echibini.
Ama-cormorants angahamba amabanga amangalisayo.
Lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi ukundizela ngokuphelele, ngokusho kwalesi sikhombisi zingabanikazi berekhodi. Bangakwazi ukujula bajule ngamamitha angama-50 futhi bahlale ngaphansi kwamanzi cishe imizuzu eyi-10. Lapho udonsa, i-cormorant ibamba izinhlanzi bese iyibulala ngesiphuzo saso emhloshini waso.
Ukudla kwama-cormorants kubandakanya ikakhulu inhlanzi, crayfish kanye namaxoxo. Nsuku zonke, umuntu ngamunye udla kuze kufike kumagremu ezinhlanzi angama-300.
Phambi kwamehlo we-cormorant kunefilimu ebonakalayo eshayayo, esebenza njengezingilazi ezingaphansi kwamanzi futhi ivumela inyoni ukuba ibone kahle ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi ilandele inyamazane yayo. I-plumage yazo ayinayo impahla yokuvikela umswakama. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela i-cormorant emanzini, kufanele yome amaphiko ayo isikhathi eside. Kuhlobene nalawa ma-cormorants ajwayele ukuhlala endaweni ethi “heraldic” yokhozi.
ICormorant kunzima ukuyikhipha emhlabathini.
Lezi zinyoni ngeke zikwazi ukusuka emhlabathini, kodwa zikwenza kahle ezihlahleni noma emadwaleni. Kunzima nokuthi bavuke emanzini. Ngesikhathi sendiza, zonke izinyoni ziyahlangana. I-cormorant ngayinye emoyeni inesimo sesiphambano esijwayelekile.
Kungani ama-cormorant anyamalala eLake Baikal?
Ngo-1933, ngokwe-ornithologists, inani lama-cormorants echibini lalicishe libe yizinkulungwane eziyishumi. Futhi ngakho-ke inani labantu laqala ukuncipha ngokushesha. Yini edale le micimbi?
Umfutho wokuqala kwakuyi-Great Patriotic War, lapho abantu beqala ukuqoqa amaqanda bedla namachwane endlala. Amachwane lawo ayekheniwe athunyelwe ngaphambili. Kepha isizathu esiyinhloko kwakuwukubonakala kwama-50s enqwaba yezikebhe zezimoto, okwenza kwaba lula kakhulu ukuthola izidleke ezi-cormorant. Abantu baqala ukushaya ama-cormorants ngamatshe, okwaba uhlobo lwezemidlalo. Babedutshulwa ngezibhamu kanti amaqanda aqoqiwe. Amachwane aya ukondla izilwane zoboya. Futhi, ukunyamalala kwezinyoni ezivela eBaikal kuthinteke ukwehla kwezitoko zezinhlanzi. Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lamanzi ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwesiteshi sokuphehla ugesi i-Irkutsk kuholele ekwehlisweni kwenani lezinto ezihamba phambili, okuwukudla okuphambili kwama-cormorants.
Ama-cormorant ayizinyoni zenhlalo.
Mhlawumbe ushintsho olungokwemvelo ebangeni lwenzekile, ngoba eSiberia ngaleso sikhathi inani lezinye izinyoni ezifudukayo, ngokwesibonelo, ama-swans, amahansi kanye ne-teal, ebusika kanye nama-cormorants aseduze ne China, lancipha. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zasebusika zazihlatshwa kakhulu. Iziqhumane zazisetshenziselwa ngisho nokuzibhubhisa. Amacala e-Dynamite alengiswa eceleni kwebhange lomgwaqo, izinyoni zahlangana ngaphansi kwaleli bhange. Lapho amabhlogo amatshe ewa, izinkulungwane zezinyoni zafa. Abantu babeqoqa izidumbu zabo bese bezisebenzisela ukudla.
Ngo-1962, izidumbu zokugcina ezitholakele zatholakala eLake Baikal, ngemuva kwalokho zanyamalala isikhathi eside. Futhi ngokungalindeleki ngo-2006 bavele oLwandle Oluncane. Isibalo sama-cormorants aqala ukululama ngezinga elifanayo anyamalala ngalo ekhulwini lokugcina. Ngo-2012, ama-ornithologists abala ama-cormorants angama-600-700.
Siyethemba ukuthi umkhuba onjalo omuhle uzoqhubeka futhi ngeke sisaba khona isimo esibucayi njengango-1993.
