• Isikhathi Sokuhlala: ukuphela kweJurassic, eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-150 eyedlule
• Umsoco: okucasulayo
• Ubude: 0.6-1 m
• Ukuphakama: ?
• Isisindo: 3 kg
• Kutholakele: EJalimane, ngo-1850
• Igama: Wagner ngo-1859

I-Compsognatus - (lat. ICompsognathus,, ngokweqiniso - "umhlathi onomusa" - - isisi esincane esincane, esilinganayo, esiqondile
Wadla izibungu nezinambuzane.

UCompsognathus wayeyisikhulu esincane esinezimpondo.
Ikhanda elincane le-dinosaur lalitshalwe entanyeni ende egobile.

Ugebhezi oluncanyana lwe-compsognathus lwaluncane futhi lude, luphela ngohlaka olungangemishado. Kwakunokuvuleka okuningana okuhlanu kugebhezi, olukhulu kakhulu lolo kwakuyizihibe zamehlo.
Isigaxa nomhlathi ophansi bezincane futhi zinomusa, okusho ukuthi zintekenteke impela.
Kwakunamazinyo amancane futhi abukhali emihlathini.

Intamo, ngokusobala, yayijabulisa iselula yayo futhi yayivumela ukuba ijike ikhanda layo ngokungafani nxazonke, okuyinto, mhlawumbe, eyamsiza ekubambeni inyamazane.
UCompsognathus wayenezindebe ezinde zesibeletho kanye nomsila omude ngokwedlulele, ayesebenzisa ukulinganisela ngenkathi ehamba.
Emabunzini angaphambili kwakukhona iminwe emithathu enezandla ezibukhali, ongabamba ngayo inyamazane.

Kwatholakala izinsalela ezimbili ezazigcinwe kahle eJalimane ngonyaka we-1850 naseFrance ngo-1972.
Ngo-2010, izisebenzi zegatsha laseSiberia laseRussia Academy of Sciences zabika ukuthi amathambo edayinaso, nawo angawokuqondisisa, atholakala endaweni yedolobhana laseNovo-Ilynsky, eChernyshevsky District, eTransbaikal Territory.
Kwatholwa amathambo kuhlobo lweLate Cretaceous, oluneminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyi-150. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi lesi dinosaur sasihlala hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa nase-Asia.

Kamuva endaweni efanayo kwatholakala ukuthi akubanga neyodwa, kodwa amathambo angamakhulu ambalwa, okucatshangelwa ukuthi ayengawokuhlubuka okuningana.

Imithombo yolwazi:
1. U-Bailey J., uSeddon T. "Umhlaba we-Prehistoric"
2. "I-Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs"
3. Isiza seWikipedia

Qeda

Qeda - "Umhlathi onomusa"
Isikhathi sokuba khona: Isikhathi se-Jurassic - cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-150 kuya ku-5 edlule
Isigcawu: I-Lizard-pelvic
Isizinda: Theropods
Izici ze-theropod ezejwayelekile:
- uhambe ngemilenze yasemuva enamandla
- wadla inyama
- Umlomo ohlome ngamazinyo amaningi abukhali, agogekile angaphakathi
Ubukhulu:
ubude 0,6 - 1 m
ukuphakama 0,4 m
isisindo 2,5 - 3 kg
Umsoco: UMayaso ezinye izibankwakazi
Kutholakele: Ngo-1850, eYurophu

Qeda - dinosaur Jurassic. Qeda - Ummeleli dinosaurs of izibankwakazi of theropod suborder. Qeda enye yamadayinaso amancane kakhulu. Qeda Wayengumzingeli onekhono, oqotho. Wagijima ngokushesha emilenzeni eqinile ngemuva futhi wazingela izilwane ezincane.

Isakhiwo somzimba weCompsognat:

Qeda wayenomzimba omncane omncane uma uqhathaniswa namanye ama-dinosaurs, intamo ende, eguqukayo kanye nesiga ekhanyayo nokuvuleka okukhulu. Emhlathini Qedafuthi kwakukhona amazinyo acishe abe ngama-70. Onke ayemancane futhi emincane, kepha noma kunjalo, la mazinyo abukhali futhi agobekile angadala inkathazo enkulu kulabo abahlukunyezwa ngama-comps.

Ebuntshini obukhulu Qedafuthi kwakukhona iminwe emithathu. Bekulindelekile ukuba ube wusizo ekuthwebeni. Iminwe emibili yayinamajoyinti ama-2, kanti elesithathu lalinethambo elilodwa kuphela, ngenxa yalokho, alizange ligobeke. Kwakungasizakali kangako ngebhulashi elinjalo. Kodwa-ke ekuzingeleni ukweyisa angazisebenzisa ukushaya.

Indlela yokuphila ukweyisafuthi:

Kuhlalwa Uyaqonda eziqhingini zolwandle olungajulile. Ukudla kwabo kwakhiwa izilwane ezincane, izibankwa nezinambuzane. Kungenzeka ukuthi wena ngokwakho Uyaqonda futhi amawundlu awo amancane ayevame ukuba ngukudla kwezilwane ezizingelayo. Inzuzo yomuntu omdala yayinobuqili futhi i-agility. Lezi zilwane zazinezinzwane ezinhlanu ngaphambili nangemilenze yangemuva, ezimbili zazo zazifushane futhi zihlose ukubanjwa. Bekusebenza ukweyisa emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, nemilenze yangaphambili inyibilikile nezisulu zayo.

Thola ama-Comps:

Sekukonke, izimo ezimbili ziyaziwa. ukweyisafuthi. Isikebhe sokuqala eselondolozwe kahle, esilondolozwe kahle satholakala ngumbhali we-Amberur paleontologist Oberndorfer eningizimu yeJalimane maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX. Ngokusho kwezinsalela, incazelo yenziwa ngonyaka ka-1861 nguAnd And Wag Wagner. Isibonelo sesibili ukweyisakepha kulondolozwe kahle Yatholakala eningizimu yeFrance ngo-1971. Kuqala, bekukholelwa ukuthi idinosaur yaseFrance ingeyokunye okuhlukile, ngoba bekunokuhlukahluka okuningi phakathi kwamathambo, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho kwathathwa njengokungenasidingo, futhi bobabili amathambo kwahlanganiswa uhlobo olufanayo - ukweyisa eside. I-Skeleton uqobo uyabona okunzima ukuyihlukanisa kusuka emathanjeni i-archeopteryx, futhi ezinye izinsalela ze-archeopteryx kuthiwa zithathwe yiCompsognatus isikhashana, kuze kube yilapho kufakazelwa ubunikazi bazo bohlobo oluthile nezinhlobo. Lokhu kufana phakathi kwezinhlobo kuwubufakazi bokuthi izinyoni zaqhamuka ngempela kuma-dinosaurs.

Izihloko zemiyalezo ezaziwayo

Itiye (ngokuhunyushwa lisuselwa kwelesiShayina elithi "cha", kusuka olimini lwesiBeijing nolwesiGuanda - "lawo`") isiphuzo esitholakala ngokwenza, ngokuphula noma ngokufaka amahlamvu esihlahla setiye. Iqabunga lesihlahla setiya liqhutshwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa.

I-Arctic yingxenye esenyakatho yeplanethi, etholakala ngaphezu kwe-Arctic Circle. Umngcele we-Arctic ufinyelela cishe ku-66 ° 33 / N Kepha kukhona nezindawo ezingena ezifundeni eziseningizimu. Izinga lokushisa lapha lehla ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-60, esikhathini esiningi kuba nezivunguvungu zeqhwa nezivunguvungu zeqhwa.

Umcimbi omubi kakhulu ongenzeka empilweni yomuntu uyimpi. Impi ingcolile futhi ayinamusa, ayigodli muntu - amadoda, abesifazane, noma abantu abadala, noma izingane. Impi ishiya umbono omubi kakhulu enhliziyweni yengane.

Thola Umlando

Ikhophi elijwayelekile le-compsognathus (lat. Compsognathus), okuyi-skeleton ecishe ibe ephelele, yatholakala eBavaria, eJalimane. Idayinaso yaqala yachazwa kafushane nguJohann Wagner ngonyaka we-1859, yabe isandiswa ngo-1861.

Isakhiwo se-Skeleton

Le dinosaur encane enezinyawo ezimbili yayinokuhluka okuningi okuvela kwamanye ama -roprop:

• i-opistocellular cervical vertebrae (imizimba yangaphakathi yesibeletho i-convex ngaphambili futhi i-concave emuva),
• ukungabikho kokukhafuzwa kwesine ku-femur,
• ubude be-metacarpus yokuqala bungaphansi kwengxenye yesithathu yobude besibili,
• ukuba khona kwenqubo engezansi ekugcineni kwithambo eliqhakazile,
• umunwe wokuqala uphela ngasekupheleni kwephaphasi lokuqala lomunwe wesibili.

Ikhophi laseFrance le-compsognata liqhathaniswa ngosayizi ne-Chinese Sinosauropteryx. Zine usayizi we-hip ofanayo - ngu-108 mm. Isihlobo sakhe saseBavaria sinobude obuyi-67 mm. Ama-scipionics ase-Italiya nommeli waseJalimane anezinsuku ezingama-33 no-52 mm ngokulandelana, kepha kubhekwa njengabantu abancane. I "Frenchman" iyisigamu samamitha amancane kune-Chinese guaksagnat ne-South American Mirishia. Onke lama-dinosaurs angawomndeni wakwaCompsognathus.

Le vidiyo yenziwa yinkampani ibonga uStephen Spielberg. Inothi lokubonga lithi: "Inhloso yefilimu yokuqala bekuwukwenza abantu bakholelwe ukuthi kukhona ama-dinosaurs, manje sizokwenza umdanso we-dinosaurs." I-comps yevidiyo, idansa ngamasondo omnsalo, izigqoko eziphezulu nangamabhande.

Isakhiwo segebhezi

Ugebhezi lwe-compsognata luncane ngomqobelo ophakeme, ngosayizi ongu-10 cm. Ingxenye ephezulu kakhulu yesikhumba isezingeni lemigwaqo namateyipu kuze kube sekupheleni okubukhali maxilla. Amazinyo anesisekelo esiqondile, esibanzi, esigobeka emuva emuva ngokuqondile ² / ₃ ukuphakama. Inani eliphelele lamazinyo lalingamazinyo ayi-21 (aze afike kwayi-8 kwithambo elikhulile laze lafika ku-17-18 emhlathini ngamunye). Amazinyo aqondile, izisekelo zibanzi, kepha ukuphakama okungu-² / ₃ kugoqa emuva kakhulu.

Intamo ende ye-compsognat yayigobile, yayimvumela ukuba ajikeleze ikhanda lakhe kuzo zonke izindlela, okwamsiza ukuba abambe inyamazane. UCompsognathus wayene-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho engu-12. Ama-vertebrae angama-opistostal, i.e. ohlangothini ngalunye lunamakhonkolo amancane futhi anomumo wekhoyili. I-oblium ye-compsognata yayiqukethe ama-vertebrae amahlanu, ayesetshenziswe ngokuphelele, nomsila - cishe we-60. Imizimba yabo iyaphakeme, futhi iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-platic kuya ku-acellular (flat on the both side), the low komhlaba convex. Imigoqo ye-neural iphezulu, kepha ngama-vertebra we-17 ayanqunyelwa.

Eminyuziyamu lapho amelwe khona amathambo ezakhi

Imyuziyamu ye-Old Life Utah, e-USA

Yisho kumafilimu

• "Inkampani yeJurassic Park InGen ihlanganise lo mbhalo ukuthi yakhe ipaki yezingqimba ku-Isla Nublar. I-clones ibe nokuhlukahluka okuningi okuvela kuma-dinosaurs wangempela:

1. Amabhulashi abo akhothama
2. Kwakungekho nesembozo sezimpaphe esikhunjeni
3. Zazizinkulu kunama-prototypes angempela (ama-dinosaurs ama-Adult: 61 cm ukuphakama kanye namamitha ayi-1.5 ubude)

• IJurassic Park 2: Umhlaba Wolahlekile, we-1997
• Jurassic Park 3, 2001
• Umhlaba weJurassic 2, 2018
• Impi yeBig Rock

Yisho emakhathuni

• I-Dinosaur Dink, 1989-1990
• “Umhlaba Ngaphambi Kokuqala Kwe sikhathi”, 1988
• "Umhlaba Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi 10: Ukufuduka Okukhulu Kwentambo Ede", 2003

Qeda

Ipaki leJurassic

UCompsognathus wayengomunye wohlobo u-InGen ahlela ukuluhlakulela iJurassic Park esiqhingini saseNublar.

Ososayensi bathatha igazi kumiyane, ebelinamathele ezigidigidi eziningi zeminyaka edlule, futhi bakhipha i-dinosaur DNA kuyo. Izikhala ku-genome zigcwalisa i-DNA yama-amphibians. I-DNA Eguquliwe yayilungele ngokuphelele ukwenziwa kwe-cloning compepts.

Ukuvela kwama-dinosaurs okwenziwa kwehlukile. Amabhulashi abo, njengakuyo yonke indlela yokwelapha, aguqa phansi, kepha bezingekho izimpaphe, ngoba i-DNA yomunye umuntu yayikhona. Ekuphakameni, ama-dinosaurs okwenziwa ukuthi abe ngaphezu kokungokoqobo - ama-61 cm, futhi ubude - amamitha elilodwa nesigamu. Umbala wazo uluhlaza ngemivimbo emnyama emuva, isisu siphuzi. Kakhulu yayidla i-carrion, kepha idle izinambuzane nezibila. Eqenjini, bahlasela isilwane esikhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi othile ubacasule bakhumbula izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Bancipha njengamachwane, futhi ngosizo lwalesi sipikha bakhulumisana bodwa. Bazizwa besongelwe, bayakhala, futhi ngesikhathi sobuhlungu bakhala kakhulu. Babazi nokuthi kungaba njani kuTouch, snout, squeak kanye ne-grunt.

Ngo-1993, esiqhingini saseSorna, kwakukhona izinto ezingama-43. Babezokwakha kabusha ezindizeni esiqhingini saseNublar. Ukuvakasha okwenziwe nalawa ma-dinosaurs kwakuhlelelwe ukuthi kuvulwe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngonyaka, kodwa ehlobo lika-1993 ipaki leJurassic laqashelwa njengelingaphephile futhi konke kwadingeka ukuthi kukhanseliwe.

Efuna ukuceba, umdidiyeli wohlelo uDennis Nedry webe imibungu eminingi yedayinaso, kufaka phakathi i-compognat. Kodwa lapho ephunyuka, waduka futhi waba isidlo sasemini seDilophosaurus. Isitsha esilahlekile sakhishwa ngezinsuku ezimbili, futhi wonke imibungu yafa.

Ngemuva konyaka kwenzeke le nhlekelele, ososayensi be-InGen bathola ukuthi abantu abangama-28 besakhiwo bahlala epaki. Baphakamisa ukuthi bashaye iNublar ngemikhumbi ehamba phakathi kweziqhingi.

IJurassic Park 2: Umhlaba Olahlekile

Ngo-1997, isikebhe saya ogwini lwesiqhingi saseSorna. Intombazane Katie yaya ogwini futhi yathatha uhambo. Ngemuva kokujula esihlahleni, wahlangana nomuntu owayeqondwa. Ingane ayizange imangele futhi yanikeza inyama yenkomo yedayosaur. Ngenkathi ebiza abazali bakhe, oqondayo bamhaqa. Ama-dinosaurs amaningana agxumela kuye futhi uKatie waphonsa isamentshisi. Ingxenye yomhlambi iphuthume kuye, ingxenye - ihlasele le ntombazane. Lapho nje abantu abadala beza begijima, abaqondayo babaleka, kodwa uKatie walimala.

UDieter Stark onamusa wahlala phansi eceleni komgwaqo ukuze aphumule ngemuva kokuzingela futhi wabona ukuqaphela okukhulu. Isazi sokusebenza kwe-paleontologist uRobert Burke sithe le kompsognat, bangama-scavenger futhi abesabi abantu, ngoba abakaze bababone. UDieter wethusa idayinaso futhi wabalekela ehlathini.

Ekupheleni kosuku, abakwa-InGen mercenaries babamba izakhi ezimbalwa abazikhombise ngesixhumanisi sevidiyo ebhodini labaqondisi lepaki. UPeter Ludlow uthe bakuhlomele kahle ukubamba ama-dinosaurs bafaka umunwe wakhe emigoqweni. Thessigning hissed and Peter was back his hand.

Umthwebuli wezithombe kanye nezazi zezemvelo uNick ukhiphe ama-dinosaurs atholwe.

Ukuhamba neqembu elizungeze lesi siqhingi ngakusasa ekuseni, uDieter ubeka eceleni isidingo futhi uqaphele lowo oqokiwe osamangele ngosuku olwedlule. Ufuna ukukwenza futhi, kepha idayinaso iyabuya. Ngenkathi uDieter ewela esigodini, abaqondayo bamhlasela, kepha walwa nabo wasukuma. AmaDinosaurs agibela ku-log ayibhekisisa. Lapho nje i-rebenary ifulathela kubo, abaqondayo baphuthume kuye. UDieter uyabasabisa futhi izibankwakazi zicasha ehlathini, kodwa kwathi nje lapho egijima, zamlandela. Emfuleni, washibilika wawela, umhlambi wonke wamhlasela. I-mercenary, ngamandla akhe onke, yalwa nabo futhi yaqhubekela phambili, kodwa kwathi nje lapho iwela umuthi owile, amadayimane abalekela kuye adabula izicucu.

U-Hunter Roland noCalmenary Carter bathola izinsalela zeDieter kusihlwa.

Ipaki leJurassic 3

Entwasahlobo ka-2001, umfana u-Eric waduka esiqhingini saseSorna. Ukucasha kuma-dinosaurs, wabona ukuthi umchamo we-tyrannosaurus wesabisa ama-dinosaurs amancane afana ne-compognates futhi wakwazi ukukuthola.

Maphakathi noJulayi, isipinashiurus nomashiqela balwa kulesi siqhingi, ngaleso sikhathi kwabonwa abane edlule.

Kusihlwa, iphakethe le-kompognatov ligijimele eduze nendawo yokukhosela kuka-Eric noDkt. Alan. Lapho nje umfana ebamba umsindo osondelayo, wavele washaya ihloka.

Ukuzingela ukuzingela izinambuzane ezindizayo, kepha kwehluleka. Isinambuzane siye kusihlobo sakhe.

Umhlaba weJurassic 2

Ipaki yawa, kepha amadinosa, kufaka phakathi ama-compsognates, aqhubeka nokuhlala esiqhingini saseNublar. Ngo-2017, intaba-mlilo yeSibo yavuka futhi isiqhingi esinezakhamuzi zaso sasesisengozini. Usozigidi uBenjamin Lockwood nomlingani wakhe u-Eli Mills beza necebo lokusindisa izinhlobo eziyishumi nanye zama-dinosaurs.

Izimoto ezihlomile ezidlula esitolo zibona izithonjana zedayinisi ewindini. Lapho nje izimoto eziphethe izikhali zibhidlikile, i-compsognat yaphuma eshalofini.

Kamuva, lapho odokotela bezomthetho bekhangela iVelociraptor Bleu, badlula lapho badlula khona labangane abaqeda ukoma kwabo esigxotsheni somgwaqo. AmaDinosaurs esaba abaleka.

U-Blue wamisa indlu kwi-jeep engenayo. Ngokushesha nje lapho umqeqeshi u-Owen Grady esondela emotweni, wavele wasuka lapho wanhlanhlatha futhi wanyamalala ehlathini.

Lapho intaba-mlilo iqala ukusebenza, u-Owen, ochwepheshe bokudla, nezinye izikhulu baphuma ehlathini bangene egqumeni. Umethuli wezinhlelo uFranklin wakhwela phezulu ku-log, kwathi lowo owayehambisana naye wagxumela kuye. Ngemuva kwefu lothuli egqumeni, akukho sici esisodwa esisele.

Ngosuku olufanayo, umkhumbi wezihambi uthathe ishumi nanye kompognatov esiqhingini.

Bahanjiswa empahleni kaLokwood ngakusasa kusihlwa. Esikhundleni sokuhambisa izilwane ziye endaweni eyi-reservation, u-Eli Mills ufuna ukuhlela indali. Ama-dinosaurs ayisithupha ahamba ngaphansi kwesando, kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi bekukhona yini ukuqonda phakathi kwawo.

Ama-dinosaurs asele ayehleli ngemuva kwemigoqo lapho unogada ekhipha igesi emoyeni omncane. Izilwane zaqala ukujaha, kepha uClaire noMacy bazikhulula. Okokuqala, sekuphele ama-kompognata amane, amathathu aphuma kanye namanye ama-dinosaurs. Oyedwa, ebaleka, wagxumela ku-Eli Mills, wakhasa ngaphansi kwemoto. Amanye amathathu kompognat agibela emotweni ka-Eli, amabili emi elolini ngemuva. Ngokubona i-carnotaurus igijimela kubo, amahloni amabili agxuma elolini futhi anyamalala ehlathini.Abazethembayo bame emotweni babhekele u-Eli futhi bagxumela phansi lapho bebona umashiqela. Wahlasela u-Eli, waqala wadla. AbakwaCustomer bagijimela odongeni, kepha isiqhwaga sabhonga base besaba.

Lego. Umhlaba weJurassic: Inganekwane yesiqhingi saseNublar

Esihlokweni esithi "Pter-r-Ranodon!" umgcini wegugu uSinjin waphonsa ikhasethi lomphathi wohlelo esitokisini nabacubungulayo babaleka. UParker Claire ubuyisele itheyipu.

Esiqeshini esithi "Amandla kagesi Ayingozi" elabhoratri, izintambo zashiswa kwathi amakhompyutha abaleka. Lapho uClaire, u-Owen noVelociraptors no-Ian beza begijima egumbini lokuhlinzela, babona ukuthi amaComprehensates ayemgxobe izakhi zofuzo uHenry ekhoneni. Ngokuyalelwa ngu-Owen, amaVelociraptors athatha amaqondana ayifaka endandatho, kwathi u-Ian esebenzisa izimbambo wabahlanganisa. U-Owen wakha ikheji kusuka etafuleni, kepha idayinaso elilodwa lalingenayo indawo eyanele. Ukuze abambe inkulumo kaJan enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi, wonke umuntu wayehlala emonililil, futhi umphathi we-compsignat wamlandela. Uhlasele u-Hudson, kodwa u-Owen, Red Inja, namaVelociraptors balwa babuyela bamvalela kwenye imoto.