Isiqondisi se-Mollusk: incazelo yokubuka esithombeni * Izilwane

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Umhlaba wolwandle ugcwele inani elikhulu lezakhamizi, abantu abazibambayo ukuze badle. Ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinhlanzi ezigcotshwayo olwandle, ungathola abahlali abangajwayelekile, futhi sekuyisikhathi eside befunwa ngama-gourmet apid. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-clam guideac (geoduck), okuzoxoxwa ngayo kule ndatshana.

Incazelo

IGuidac ingukudla kwasolwandle okukhulu kakhulu, isisindo sayo singafinyelela ku-7 kg. Igama layo limele ukumba okujulile. Ngenxa yalesi sici esithile, uyisibindi sangempela. Njengoba ifinyelela ekujuleni kwenhlabathi, i-mollusk iphila impilo yokuhlala futhi ingatholakali kumhlaseli.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sakhe sokuphila singaba ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100.

Imvelo iyalele kakhulu ukuthi i-geoduck mollusk ibe nokubukeka nokuma okuhle kakhulu. Noma ngubani owambula isithombe sakhe umangele kancane, ngoba ngokubukeka kufana ne-penis efana kakhulu nesitho sangasese sowesilisa. Siqukethe igobolondo nomzimba omude ovela kuwo, obizwa nangokuthi umsila, i-siphon, njll. Le nqubo iphuma ngemuva kwe-mollusk, futhi ibukeka njengesiqu sendlovu. Basho ukuthi i-siphon ingakhula ibe yisilinganiso esivelele, futhi ngesinye isikhathi isimanga.

Ingxenye ngayinye yemollusk inenhloso yayo. Isibonelo, inqubo inamabhubhu amabili axhumanisa umzimba nomhlaba ongaphandle. Enye yazo ukufakwa kanti enye ngukuphuma. Ngosizo lwe-tube yokuqala, ukugeza amanzi gill kungena emzimbeni we-mollusk. Ingxenye yokuhoxa, nayo, isebenza ukukhipha amanzi nezinhlayiya ezingenakuphikwa. Futhi, i-siphon ye-clam iyadingeka ekunyakazweni nasekuzaleni kabusha.

Indlela yokuphila kanye neHititat

Ngisho nama-mollusk amaningi, ngokwesibonelo, izihlobo zikaGuidac, ama-scallops, awakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokunyakaza futhi ayakwazi ukubhukuda ngamandla. Kufanele bakwenze lokhu ukuze bangabi isidlo santambo sabazingeli. Kodwa-ke, i-guideak lapha ibuye ibe yinto ehlukile ngaphandle kwezihlobo ezisebenzayo.

Lokhu kudonsa okudala ngokujulile, okungashiyanga olwandle lolwandle impilo yakho yonke, kulawula ukuchitha iminyaka, amashumi eminyaka, amakhulu eminyaka endaweni eyodwa. Futhi uma kunokuthile abengakucabanga, ngokuqinisekile ngabe uthatha ifilosofi ngokuhleleka komhlaba. Efihla izitha zakhe, ungcwatshwa, ngemitha noma ngaphezulu, esihlabathini, athule, angabonakali futhi angabonakali.

Ngakho-ke, lezi zidalwa zisengozini ngokwemvelo kuphela lapho zinamathela i-siphon yazo ebusweni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, bayakwazi ukufinyelela ekuhlaselweni kwe-starfish, kanye nama-otter olwandle kanye noshaka abancane abangabakhipha emhlabathini.

Kepha ukuthola "isiqu" salesi sidalwa kulula kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhombisi-ndlela zingadonsela ngokushesha umgogodla wazo emuva futhi zihlaselwe umhlaseli, zicashe emathunjini anesihlabathi.

Futhi konke okusele kulesi sidalwa esinamahloni manje ukuhlala ngokuthula esihlabathini futhi ukhule kancane. Kungakho ezinye zazo zifinyelela osayizi bamarekhodi. Isiqondisi esikhulu ngendlela yakhe yokuphila "yokuhlala phansi", uyakwazi ukuzondla aze afinyelele ku-9 kg, ngenkathi ekhulisa "isiqu" sakhe sibe ngamamitha amabili ubude.

Umsoco

Lezi zidalwa nazo akudingeki ukuthi zisebenze isikhathi eside zifuna ukudla. Njengazo zonke izimbangi, indlela yazo yokondla i-passive, okungukuthi, ngokuhlunga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokusebenzisa i-siphon yabo bamane badonsele emanzini olwandle bese bewahlunga. Ngokwemvelo, uhlelo lokugaya lwe-guideac kulokhu lidume ngezici zalo eziningi.

Amanzi angena amabili, ngesimo esingunxantathu, amafomula amade omlomo, lapho kutholakala khona amaseli wokunambitha. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemifantu emincane, izinhlayiya zokudla zingena emlonyeni. Iqiniso lonke ukuthi, kanye noketshezi, iplankton encane ingena emzimbeni. Igwinywa yi-guideac ngaphandle kwamanzi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela iba yondlayo yayo eyinhloko.

Ukusuka emlonyeni, ukukhiqizwa kungena esophagus bese kungena esiswini sombungu obunjwe ngesikhwama. Lapho kuyalungiswa: omncane uyagaywa, bese omkhulu uya ngqo emathunjini, bese uphonswa ngaphandle ngethambo, okuthi, ngalo, izidalwa ezinjalo, njengakuzo zonke izinto zokuqala zasendulo, licishe lifane nomlomo. Yonke imijikelezo yezakhi zezidalwa ezichaziwe inesigqi sayo esihambelana nama-ebbs nokugeleza kwendawo yasemanzini lapho zihlala khona.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Ulwandle i-Guidac akukaze kube nokukhanuka okuyinqaba. Futhi izala ngendlela engenacala kakhulu, engathinteki futhi yangaphandle, yize ukwahlukana ngokobulili phakathi kwalezi zinto ezinjalo kusekhona.

Lokhu kunje. Izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, lapho isikhathi sifika, imvamisa kakhulu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma sekwedlule isikhathi sekwindla, i-guideaki, ngokobulili, ilahla uhlangothi ngalunye lwayo lwezinto eziphilayo ngesikhathi sokuguguleka okukhulu kwamanzi olwandle, kanye nenani elikhulu.

Phakathi kokukhishwa, kukhona amaseli amaqanda amaningi adinga ukusungulwa. Qaphela ukuthi izintokazi zikhiqiza cishe isigidi sazo ngonyaka, kanye nezigidigidi ezinhlanu kukho konke impilo yazo. Futhi ngaphezu kwazo, abesilisa bakhipha amafu amnyama wembewu endaweni yasemanzini.

Le ndlela yokuzalela ayisebenzi, ngoba iningi lezinto ezibonakalayo limane life. Kodwa uma amangqamuzana aphikisayo ahlangana ngenjabulo, lapho-ke ukuxhumana kwawo kwenzeka, okusho ukuthi abantu abasha bavuka futhi baqale ukukhula.

Zimbili kuphela izinsuku ezanele ukuthi amagobolondo entekenteke anama-mollusks amancanyana akheke amaqanda avundisiwe. Futhi emva kwamasonto ambalwa baba nekhono kangangokuba bacwila olwandle, bezama ukumba esihlabathini ngokuhambisana nesimo sabo.

Isikhathi sokuphila kweziqondiso singaba ikhulu elilodwa nesigamu. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuthatha iminyaka eyi-146. Kepha kukhona phakathi kwezilinganiso eziphawuleka kakhulu, iminyaka yazo, ngokusho kososayensi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ingekho ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-160.

Esikhathini esiningi, ama-mollusk anjalo ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngoba empeleni azinazitha ezimweni zemvelo, anelisekile ngokudla, ubuhle nezinye izinto, ngakho-ke akukho lutho olubeka phansi izimpilo zawo.

Enye incazelo yathuthukiselwa isikhathi eside sokurekhoda - izinga eliphansi lokudla emzimbeni ngaphakathi kwezinto zabo ezilula. Ukusuka lapho baphila ngokuthula, ngokuthula futhi isikhathi eside. Esikhundleni salokho, baphila, ngoba ubukhona babo abuphephile baphela kungalindelekanga, futhi ngemvelo kwavela isitha esinamandla kakhulu.

Ushintsho olubi esiphethweni salezi zidalwa ezinesizotha lwaqala ukwenzeka eminyakeni engama-40 eyedlule, lapho ngokuzumayo abantu bebona ubumnandi obumnandi kakhulu, yize kuze kwaba yileso sikhathi, ngasizathu simbe, akekho owakubheka njengokudla okuhle.

Ukunambitheka kwe-tataiso i-piquant futhi ifana ne-shellfish evame ukudliwa ngabantu - indlebe yolwandle. Kuliqiniso, inyama yekrisimu yomuntu onesizotha sesihlabathi solwandle ayisiqinile nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ibukeka ngendlela eyinqayizivele. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kuvimbele abantu ukuthi basayine isigwebo sentambo yezigidi zezidalwa ezinjalo.

Manje i-guideak, ecashile emhlabeni emakhulwini eminyaka naseminyakeni eyedlule, isithandwa kakhulu, kepha udumo aluzange lumlethele ukuthula futhi akuzange kwengeze isikhathi eside. Izinkampani zokudoba zazithatha ngokungathí sina izidalwa ezingafani nalutho, ngakho-ke, eCanada naseMelika manje sezinombiwa minyaka yonke zize zifike ezigidini ezimbili.

Uma umuntu eqala okuthile, khona-ke uzama ukukuletha ekugcineni. Ikakhulu uma lokhu kuphela kungahambi kahle. “I-Golden Age” yeziqondiso, ezaqhubeka Emhlabeni izigidi zeminyaka ngokungafani nemithetho yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kubonakala ngathi isiphelile. Futhi manje, abantu bazolungisa impela iphutha lemvelo, banciphise kakhulu futhi bonakalise impilo yezidalwa ezinjalo zakudala, kodwa ezinhle kakhulu.

Yidla umhlahlandlela ngokuhlukile. Abapheki base-Asia bapheka inyama eshisiwe ecishe iluhlaza, kepha khipha kuqala isikhumba sesiqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngemuva kokubamba umkhiqizo emanzini abilayo isigamu somzuzu, bawudonsa ngokushesha kusuka emlilweni kuya emanzini eqhwa.

Ngemuva kwalokhu kwelashwa, isikhumba sehla ngomzamo omncane, ocishe ufane nesitoko. Okulandelayo, inyama igawulwa kahle bese inikezwa umthengi ngesipuni se-ginger nesoso.

E-Melika, okungukuthi, ezweni lemollusk, kuyisiko ukwenza ukunqunywa okunosawoti kanye nopelepele kulo, kuthosiwe no-anyanisi. Ngezinye izikhathi ofakwe kakhulu ewayinini futhi uthele kahle osikiwe ngerayisi eceleni kwesitsha. Ama-gourmet aseRussia akhetha i-shellfish exotic ethosiwe egumbini elinganayo no-anyanisi, u-anyanisi, ogxishwe ukhilimu.

Imihlahlandlela yentengo ukuluma, ngokungafani nesidalwa esingenangozi kakhulu, futhi kumayelana nama- $ 60 kg ngalinye. Ezitolo eziku-inthanethi, inyama ye-clam enjalo, engathengwa ngama-ruble ayi-1000, inikezwa kabanzi. nokungaphansi. Kepha umkhiqizo osezingeni eliphakeme ubiza kakhulu.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Lolu hlobo lwe-mollusk ludliwa kusukela esikhathini sokukhumbula isikhathi. Kepha incazelo yesayensi kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-mhlahlandlela kwenziwa kuphela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngaleso sikhathi, bekungenzeka ukuthi ungachazi ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwesidalwa, kodwa futhi uqonde ukuthi kudla futhi kuveza kanjani kabusha.

Ividiyo: Guidac

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-tata, njengezinhlobo, yazalwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa edlule, futhi ososayensi bezobuchwepheshe bemvelo bathi le mollusk ineminyaka efanayo neyama-dinosaurs. Kunezinkolo zakudala zaseChinese ezikhuluma ngalezi zimbaza, ukubukeka kwazo okungajwayelekile ngisho nezindlela zokupheka ezingaphekiwe zokupheka iziqu.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Kunombono wokuthi ngesikhathi seCretaceous kwakukhona ama-tataiso, osayizi bawo edlula amamitha ayi-5. Ukushintshwa kwesimo sezulu esisheshayo emhlabeni kanye nokunyamalala kokudla kuholele ekutheni izimbumbulu ezinkulu zishone kungakapheli iminyaka embalwa. Kepha izinhlobo zazo ezincane zazikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziguqukayo futhi zasinda kuze kube namuhla.

IGuidac inezici ezilandelayo ezihlukanisayo kwezinye izimbangi:

usayizi we-clam igobolondo cishe amasentimitha angama-20-25,
ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5,
isisindo se-guideac sisuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-8 kilos.

Lesi isidalwa esingajwayelekile, futhi ngokungafani namanye ama-mollus amaningi kuleli qembu, igobolondo elivikela nje ikota yomzimba.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Kufana ukubukeka kwesiqondisi

Akusikho nje ukuthi i-tata usithole isihloko sesidalwa esingajwayelekile kakhulu emhlabeni. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-mollusk ifana kakhulu nesitho sangasese sowesilisa sobukhulu obukhulu. Ukufana kukhulu kangangokuba isithombe se-tata asifakwanga ku-encyclopedia isikhathi eside, ngoba izithombe bezithathwa njengezinhlamba.

Igobolondo le-bivalve liqukethe izingqimba eziningana (ama-organised organised ngaphandle nangomama we-pearl ngaphakathi. Umzimba we-mollusk mkhulu kakhulu kangangokuba ngisho nasezilingweni ezinkulu kakhulu zivikela kuphela ingubo. Ingxenye yomzimba eyinhloko (cishe i-70-75%) ayivikeleki ngokuphelele.

Ingubo, embozwe yisinki, inezingxenye ezingakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla. Baxhunyiwe ngokuqinile ndawonye futhi bakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "yisisu" sesiqondisi. Kunembobo eyodwa kuphela engutsheni - lo ngumnyango lapho umlenze we-clam uhamba ngawo. Iningi lomzimba wesiqondisi libizwa nge-siphon. Kusebenza kokubili ukuthola ukudla kanye nokususwa kwemikhiqizo kadoti.

Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zeziqondiso ziyahlukaniswa:

Pacific. Nguye obhekwa njengowasendulo, futhi lapho bethi amagama athi "tata", asho ngqo umbono we-Pacific mollusk. Lolu hlobo lwama-mollusk lubalelwa kuma-70% wabantu bonke. Ukuhlala kweGuacac oLwandlekazi iPacific kubhekwa njengokukhulu futhi kuvame ukubamba izifinyelela ezifinyelela kubude bamamitha futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-7,
Umuntu wase-Argentina. Njengoba ungahle ucabange, lolu hlobo lwe-mollusk luhlala ogwini lwase-Argentina. Ihlala ekujuleni okujulile, ngakho-ke usayizi wesiqondisi onjalo mncane. Azikho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-15 ubude nangobunzima obungu-1 kg,
Wase-Australia. Okuhlala emanzini ase-Australia. Futhi kuyahluka ngosayizi omncane. Isisindo nokuphakama komuntu mollusk omdala akudluli amakhilogremu ayi-1,2 namasentimitha angama-20 ngokulandelana,
IMedithera. Ihlala eLwandle iMedithera, eduze nasePortugal. Ngobukhulu bayo ayifani neze nePacific. Kodwa-ke, inani labantu bakhona liqothulwa ngokushesha, njengoba isikhombisi seMedithera siyisisulu esamukelekayo sabadobi kanye nokugcotshwa kwezindawo zokudlela,
IsiJapan. Izimpilo oLwandle lwaseJapan, kanye nasengxenyeni eseningizimu yoLwandle lwase-Okhotsk. Ubungako be-mollusk yabantu abadala abudluli amasentimitha angama-25 ubude nama-kilogramu ama-2 asisindo. Ukudoba kweGuidaka kulawulwa ngokuqinile yiziphathimandla zaseJapan naseChina, ngoba maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 lolu hlobo lwasengozini yokuqothulwa.

Kumele ngisho ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zama-mollusks e-bivalve zihlukile komunye nomunye ngosayizi nesisindo. Ngokwendlela yokuphila nokubukeka, ziyefana.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ososayensi beMalacological banesizathu esizwakalayo sokuthi eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, cishe izinhlobo eziyi-10 zeziqondiso seziqothuliwe noma zabhujiswa. Ngokwengxenye, lokhu bekubangelwa ushintsho ekulinganiseni kwezinto eziphilayo olwandle nasolwandle, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-molluski ayevele abanjwe ngabantu futhi akakwazanga ukubuyisa isitoko sabo.

Ihlala kuphi inkombandlela?

Isithombe: Clam Guidac

Abaphenyi bayavuma ukuthi amanzi asogwini lwase-Eshiya kwakuyindawo okwazalelwa kuyo iziqondiso, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-mollusk ahlala phezu kwezinye izilwandle nolwandle.

Indlela, le mollusk ye-bivalve ayisiyisiqholo kakhulu. Isimo esiyisisekelo sokuba khona kwaso amanzi afudumele hhayi amanzi anosawoti kakhulu olwandle. I-mollusk izwakala imnandi kakhulu esifundeni esiqala kusuka ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-USA futhi idonsa ngokusebenzisa uLwandle olufudumele lwaseJapan kanye namanzi asogwini lwasePortugal. Imvamisa, amakoloni amakhulu ama-tataiso atholakala emanzini angajulile weziqhingi ezikhethekile futhi akwazi ukuhlangana ngokuthula nezixhobo zamakhorali.

Enye into edingekayo ukuba khona kwe-guideog ukujula okungajulile. I-mollusk izizwa kahle ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-1012 ngakho-ke iba yisisulu esilula sabangeneleli abangochwepheshe. Phansi kwesihlabathi kungesinye isimo esibalulekile sendawo yokuhlala yemollis bivalve, ngoba iyakwazi ukumba ngokujulile.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi emanzini aseNew Zealand nase-Australia, ama-guideak awazange avele ngezizathu zemvelo. Iziphathimandla zalezi zifundazwe zangenisa ikakhulukazi izimbumbulu futhi zazihlalisa emapulazini akhethekile, futhi kuphela lapho iziqondisi-ndlela zixazululela zodwa. Njengamanje, ukudoba ngama-shellfish kulawulwa ngokuqinile yi-quota futhi kulawulwa iziphathimandla zokuqondisa zase-Australia.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi le nkomba. Ake sibone ukuthi kudlani lokhu kuqubuka.

Ngabe kudlulwa ini yinkomba?

Isithombe: Marine Guidac

Umbumbulu awazingeli ngomqondo oqondile walelo gama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akahambi, athola ukudla. Njengawo wonke amanye ama-bollve mollusks, i-leadac ithola ukudla ngokuhlunga njalo kwamanzi. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko nokuwukuphela kwayo yi-plankton yasolwandle, etholakala ngamanani amakhulu olwandle afudumele nasolwandle. IGuidac idonsela wonke amanzi olwandle kuye futhi uyihlunga nge-siphon. Ngokwemvelo, uhlelo lokugaya lunezici eziningi ezihlukile futhi kufanele luchazwe ngemininingwane eminingi.

Okokuqala, amanzi olwandle angena emilonyeni emikhulu yamaqhuqhuva (kukhona amabili awo esihlahleni). Ngaphakathi kwemilomo kukhona izinhlamvu zokunambitha, ezidingekayo ekuhlaziyweni kwamanzi angcolile. Uma kungekho ipulankton kuyo, bese iphonswa emuva ngentambo. Uma kune-plankton emanzini, bese ingena emlonyeni ngemifantu emincane, bese ingena esophagus bese iyongena esiswini esikhulu.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukuhlunga kwenzeka: izinhlayiya ezincane kunazo zonke zigaywa ngokushesha, bese ezinye (ngaphezulu kwamasentimitha ayi-0,5) zingena emathunjini bese zikhishwa ngethambo. Okuqaphelekile ikakhulukazi ukuthi ukudla kwe-guideaco kuncike ebbs nokugeleza, kanti i-mollusk ihlala ngesigqi esiqinile nalezi zinto zemvelo.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Guidac ngemvelo

Ngemuva kokuthi inkombandlela ingene ebusheni, iqala ukuhola ukuhlala, cishe isitshalo, indlela yokuphila. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, lapho i-mollusk ekugcineni yakheka futhi ikwazile ukukhula igobolondo eligcwele.

IGuidac ingcwatshwe emhlabathini ukuze ibanjelwe ngemitha eyodwa. Ngakho-ke, akagcini nje ngokuzilambisa olwandle, kodwa futhi uthola nokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwabazingeli. I-mollusk ichitha konke impilo yayo endaweni eyodwa, ihlala ihlunga amanzi ngokwayo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhipha omabili amapulangwe nomoya-mpilo obalulekile ekusebenzeni komzimba.

Enye yezinto ezihlukile ze-guideac ukuthi ihlunga amanzi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, imini nobusuku, ngokulingana okufanayo. Amagagasi amanzi athinteka kuphela yi-ebbs nokugeleza, kanye nendlela yabahlaseli.

Iqiniso elihehayo: IGuacac ibhekwa kufanelekile njengenye yezidalwa eziphila isikhathi eside emhlabeni. Iminyaka ephakathi nendawo yemollusk icishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-140, kanti eyindala kunayo yonke etholakele yayihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-190!

AbakwaGuidaki banqikaze ngokweqile ukushiya isigaba esingenzeka siyohlalwa phansi. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zangaphandle. Isibonelo, ama-tata kungenzeka athathe isinqumo sokufuduka uma kwenzeka ukushoda kokudla, ukungcoliswa okunamandla kolwandle, noma ngenxa yenani elikhulu labazingeli.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

I-Guidac iyisidalwa sokuqala kakhulu esimfanelo zayo ezingafani nemikhawulo yendlela yokudla, ukubukeka nokuphila isikhathi eside. I-mollusk iphinde yazalwe ngendlela engeyona eyedili. Ukuqhubeka kohlobo lwale mollusk kwenzeka ngendlela okungaxhunyanwa ngayo. IGuidaki ihlukaniswe ngabantu abesilisa nabesifazane, kepha akukho mehluko wangaphandle. Kungukuthi amanye ama-mollusk aqukethe amaseli abesifazane, kanti amanye aqukethe awesilisa.

Ekupheleni kobusika, lapho amanzi efudumala kahle ngokwanele, isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngamamollusk. Ukuphakama kwaso kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi nokuqala kukaJuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-mollusks amaduna akhipha amaseli abo ocansi emanzini. Abantu besifazane basabela ngokubonakala kwamangqamuzana, akhipha inani elikhulu lamaqanda abesifazane lapho ephendula. Ngakho-ke, ukuchuma kokungathinteki kweziqondiso kwenzeka.

Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Impilo yabo ende, izinkombandlela zabesifazane zikhiqiza amaqanda angaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Inani lamaseli ocansi wesilisa akhishwe alibalwa. Inani elikhulu kangaka lamaseli wegciwane kungenxa yokuthi amathuba okuzala ngephutha endaweni ephakathi nendawo yasemanzini mancane, futhi ngenxa yalokho, azikho ngaphezu kweshumi nambili izibeletho ezizelwe.

Izinsuku ezine emva kokukhulelwa, imibungu iphenduka izibungu bese iqhubukusha kumaza kanye nezinye izinto zeplankton. Kungemva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, umlenze omncane ubumbeka kumbungu futhi uqala ukufana nemollusk encane.

Ungakapheli inyanga, umbungu uthola isisindo futhi kancane kancane uzinze phansi, uzikhethele indawo yamahhala. Ukwakhiwa kokugcina kwesiqondisi kuthatha amashumi eminyaka. Njengoba ukubonwa kwesikhathi eside kubonisa, yize inani elikhulu lamaseli egciwane akhiqizwayo, akukho ngaphezu kwe-1% yama-mollusks afinyelela ebudaleni.

Izitha Zemvelo Zama-Guidacs

Photo: Kufana ukubukeka kwesiqondisi

Endle, i-ledaka inezitha ezanele. Njengoba i-mollusk siphon inamathela emhlabathini futhi ingavikelwe yigobolondo elithembekile, noma iyiphi inhlanzi noma izilwane ezincelisayo ingalimaza.

Izitha eziphambili ze-tataiso:

Ama-sea otter nawo angaba nengozi enkulu. Lezi zidlova ezincane zibhukuda futhi zishona ngokuphelele, futhi ziyakwazi ukuthola umhlahlandlela noma ngabe usembile ngokujulile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-mollusk angenazo izitho zombono, azizwa ukusondela kwesilwane esidla lubi ngokuguquguquka kwamanzi. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, i-leadac iqala ukusheshe imunca amanzi e-siphon, futhi ngenxa yamandla ashukumisayo asebenzayo, ngokushesha ingena shí shí emhlabathini, ifihle ingxenye engavikelekile yomzimba. Kukholakala ukuthi iqembu labaqondisi elihlala eduze komunye nomunye lingadlulisela imiyalezo eyingozi bese livikela ngokuzimela kubazingeli.

Kodwa-ke, abantu benza umonakalo omkhulu ku-guideaku. Eminyakeni engama-50 edlule, inani lama-mollusks selikhuphukile. Isizathu salokhu kwakungekhona nje ukudoba ngezinga lezimboni, kodwa futhi nokungcoliswa okukhulu kwamanzi asogwini, okuholela ekuncipheni kwenani le-plankton. Imollusk imane nje ayinalutho lokudla, futhi inciphisa ukukhula kwayo kakhulu, noma ibuye ibulawe yindlala.

Isimo sabantu nenhlobo yezinhlobo

Isithombe: Clam Guidac

Ososayensi beMalacological abalokothi basho ngokuqondile ukuthi bangaki ama-tata ahamba olwandle olwandle. Ngokwezibalo ezingezinhle, okungenani kunezigidi ezingama-50 zazo, futhi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ukuqothuka akubasongeli laba abashayisana nabo.

Iningi labantu lihlala emanzini oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Amakhulu amakoloni nawo ahlala emanzini ase-Australia naseNew Zealand. Kodwa ikoloni lamaPutukezi eminyakeni yamuva liye labhekana nomonakalo omkhulu futhi lancishiswa ngaphezu kwengxenye. Ama-Mollusks abanjwa nje, futhi isibalo sabantu besingenaso isikhathi sokululama ngokwemvelo.

Kube nezinkinga ezifanayo olwandle lwaseJapan, kodwa inani lama-tataiso labuyiselwa ngenxa yezilinganiso eziqinile zokubamba ama-mollusks. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuholele ekutheni izindleko zokudla okuvela kuma-guideak ezindaweni zokudlela zamaShayina nezaseJapan ziphindwe kabili.

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ama-tataiso atshalwe ngobuciko. Ezindaweni ezigagadayo, amamitha ambalwa ukusuka ogwini, kummbiwa izinkulungwane zamapayipi bese kubekwa izibungu zamamollus kuzo ngazinye. Ngaphandle kwezitha zemvelo, isilinganiso sokusinda kwezibungu sifinyelela kuma-95% kanti imollusk ihlala cishe kuwo wonke amashubhu.

Amanzi olwandle ahlinzeka ngesisekelo ngokudla, ishubhu lepulasitiki linikeza ikhaya elinokwethenjelwa, futhi umuntu uvikela izitha zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka njalo ngonyaka ukuthola ukubamba okuqinile kwama-tataiso ngaphandle kokulimazeka kubantu.

I-Guidac - imollusk engajwayelekile, ehluka ngokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani labantu abasebenza ama-mollusk selinciphile, kepha ngenxa yokuthi ukutshala okwenziwe ngama-tataiso sekuqalile, isimo siyathuthuka kancane kancane. Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, inani lalaba bantu abangama-mollusks kufanele libuyiselwe kumanani aphephile.

[hlela] Yini i-fuck?!

I-geodac iyi-bivalve mollusk yefomu eliyinqayizivele, umzimba wayo ohlukaniswe umlenze, igobolondo kanye ne-siphon. Iphila ngokuthi kusukela ekuzalweni iphumela ekujuleni kodaka futhi ihluze ubuqili emanzini anamanzi. Unyaka nonyaka, lesi sihloko singcwaba ngokujule, igobolondo likhula ngobubanzi, bese i-siphon iba namandla futhi ibe yinde. Izidlamlilo ze-Geoduck azikhathazeki ikakhulukazi - esimweni sokuluma ekugcineni kwe-siphon, i-geoduck izoyifushanisa, futhi indabuko izimbozwa ngenhlabathi.

Indlela yokuphila yesihloko ayihlukile kakhulu kunendlela yokuphila kwesihlahla - ihlala endaweni eyodwa nezihlungi, izihlungi, izihlungi ... Ngendlela, awukwazi ukwesaba ukubhukuda ezindaweni zokuhlala zama-geodaks. Amathuba okudlwengulwa yibo mancane kakhulu, ngoba azala ngomanyolo wangaphandle. Izinsikazi ziphonsa amaqanda nge-siphon, inani lazo elingafinyelela ezigidini eziyisihlanu ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka, kuthi abesilisa kube yimbewu. Futhi leli “phupho lokuphila” lihlangana namanzi, lihlale kusilika.

Ama-Geodac awhlali isikhathi eside, kepha isikhathi eside kakhulu - iminyaka engaba ngu-150, futhi, njengezihlahla, isikhathi sokuphila kwawo singabalwa izindandatho zonyaka. Ngamanye amazwi, isihloko siphakathi kwabayishumi abade beplanethi. Phambi kwakhe kukhona izithende ezinhlanu zasolwandle kuphela nezimbalwa zezilwane zomhlaba. I-siphon edlala isikhathi eside ingakhula ngaphezu kwamamitha ubude. Otaka inkunzi, izingane!

[hlela] Ukukhiqiza

Ukunambitha i-fucker, kufanele usebenze kanzima. Ngaphandle kokuthi ipinki imboza umhlaba ngokujula okukhulu, futhi inezitha zemvelo, ngaphezu kwabantu: i-starfish, oshaka abancane kanye nabathengisi basolwandle, ababejwayele ukuyikhipha emhlabathini. Umuntu oguqukayo udinga kuqala ukuthola i-siphon enamathela ngaphandle kwe-sludge at low tide. Akukona nje ukuthi icishe ingabonakali, futhi izolwela ukungena ku-silt. Ngemuva kwalokho kulandela isinyathelo sokumba.

Kuthathwa ifosholo bese kubanjwa umgodi kuze kufakwe i-geodac. Cishe uyakhumbula kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi uma ugaya isihlabathi esimanzi, khona-ke umgodi uphenduka ngokushesha ube yi-funnel: isihlabathi "sigelezela" kuwo sisuka emaphethelweni. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kubekwa ipayipi noma ibhokisi emaphethelweni, elijula ngokuhambisana nomgodi. Futhi lapho izandla ezincane ezidlalayo sezivele zifinyelele ku-siphon ekudala ilindelwe, kufika isikhathi sokugena emanzini ukuze kukhiphe imollusk ethandekayo ngezandla zombili. Futhi ulapha, umunyu wonke, umanzi, kepha ugcwele injabulo emphefumulweni okhiqizwe inhloso efinyelelwe, umi ngokufana nedick ezandleni zakho, ngaphezu kwalokho, uyaphila. Inhloso ifeziwe.

Futhi, ukuze ungafaki amanzi, inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngemuva kokukhuphuka okungatheni futhi ngokushesha.

I-hose enamanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi iyathathwa (ifana nomcimi womlilo) futhi ngosizo lwayo inhlabathi ihlanzwa iye kuma-geodacs uqobo. Yebo, lapha sekuvele kulula - zazi wena ukumamatheka, kepha phatha amaqhude akho esikhwameni.

Ngokuvamile, ama-geodac atshalwe esikhungweni sezimboni, evimbela inqubo yezokumbiwa phansi eyisidina.

[hlela] Sebenzisa

Yize le ndaba ihlala ikakhulukazi ngasogwini lwePacific lwaseMelika naseCanada, inyama yayo ibaluleke kakhulu eJapan nase-Asia. Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uqagele, badla i-siphon uqobo, kepha futhi cishe wonke umzimba we-geodac ungangena ekudleni, ngaphandle kwegobolondo nesikhumba. Inyama yaziswa ngokunambitheka kwayo okubabayo kanye “nokuthambile kakhrisimu”. Iresiphi kanje: