Kubukeka sengathi akuvamisile ukuba semifuleni nasemifuleni lapho umuntu ehlangana khona nohlobo lwezilwane athokozela ukulugcina ezindaweni zasemanzini, noma kunjalo i-minnow minnow iyinhlanzi enjalo. Usayizi wayo omncane nombala omuhle uheha abantu, futhi isibalo sawo esikhulu siyakuvumela ukuthi kusetshenziswe njengokudla. I-minnow noma i-phoxinus phoxinus ithole igama lesidlaliso "belladonna" ngesizathu. Lezi zinhlanzi zinomzimba omncane ocwebezelwe owenziwe nge-lateral spindle, umdwebo ophezulu ungaphansi. Ikhanda lincane kakhulu ngomlomo omncane.
Isikali sincane kakhulu, kanti isisu sinqunu. Amaphiko ayindilinga, emadodeni, ngesikhathi sokuzalela, athola umbala obomvu, njengoba kwenza emakhoneni omlomo. Imvamisa kulezi zinhlanzi ungabona ukugqabhuka kwe-iridescent ezinhlangothini, yize ithoni yomzimba oyinhloko iphuzi ngokuhlaza okotshani okunebala namabala eceleni komugqa ohlangothini.
Ubude bomzimba we-minnow obujwayelekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile abudluli ku-10 cm, nesisindo 10 g. Ngakho-ke kufaneleka ukuthi yizinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke eRussia. Ukudobela kwezentengiso akubonakali ngathi kuyenziwa, noma kunjalo i-minnow inhle kakhulu ekunambithekeni futhi izoba yisisulu esihle kakhulu sabaqalayo bokuqalisa. Iphinde isetshenziswe njengezithiyo izinhlanzi ezinkulu.
Izici zokuziphatha nokubamba
I-minnow ejwayelekile umhlambi wezinhlanzi, inani lawo emhlanjini lingadlula amakhulu amaningana abantu. Kunokubukwa kumanzi agelezayo futhi ahlanzekile agelezayo - imifula emincane nemifudlana, yize kwenzeka futhi emachibini, yize kungenjalo kaningi. Ungatholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu. IMinnow ihlukaniswe yaba yizinhlobo zezilwane, ngokungafanele. Okwenziwayo, akukho mehluko oqondile phakathi kwabavukuzi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungavali ikhanda lakho namaqiniso angaqondakali.
Ukuziphatha okuthakazelisa kakhulu kwalolu hlobo. Imihlambi emikhulu ihlala ihlala phakathi kwendawo yokugcina amanzi, ithanda izindawo ezinesihlabathi, ingazifihli futhi, uma okuthile kusabisa iphakethe, imane idlulele ohlangothini. Kepha uma umhlambi umncane noma echibini ngokujwayelekile kukhona abantu abaningi abangashadile abafike lapho ngengozi, indlela yokuziphatha kwe-minnow iba bukhali futhi ibe yimfihlo. Umbono uyasebenza usuku lonke futhi akakaze asondele ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi.
Ukubamba i-minnow ejwayelekile kuyathandeka kakhulu kubaqalayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha igiya elincane kunawo wonke emanzini aphakathi. Inhlanzi igwinya isiheho ngokushesha, ngakho-ke igobe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuluma.
Ukubukeka kwe-minnow
Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubukela i-belladonna minnow kunokuyisebenzisa njengengxenye yokudla. Uma kungazelelwe le nhlanzi inyamalale endaweni yokugcina amanzi, kusho ukuthi amanzi aqala ukuqukethe umoya-mpilo omncane, kwavela ukungcoliswa okuningi. Ngobukhulu yinhlanzi encane, ubude kusuka ku-10 cm kuya ku-12 cm, kuya ngohlobo nobulili. Umbala uvame ukungamnqumo, umhlophe umhlophe futhi awunasikali. Kukhona amabala ezinhlangothini, kwesinye isikhathi ahlangana abe umucu.
Iqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi izinhlanzi zithola imininingwane mayelana nezwe elibazungezile, zisebenzisa amaseli abo okuzwa kanye nezimpawu ezikhethekile ezinhlangothini zomzimba.
Izindawo nendawo
IMinnow ingatholakala yonke indawo e-Eurasia, ngaphandle kwezifunda ze-Arctic - ukusuka entshonalanga kuye empumalanga. Inhlanzi ihlala emifuleni nasemachibini anamanzi angenamvimbi, lapho amanzi aqukethe umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. IThe Thames yesiNgisi iminyaka eminingi yayidume ngokungcoliswa ngokuphelele. Azikho izinyoni ezahlala ngasosebeni lomfula; futhi akukho zinhlanzi zahlala eMfuleni uqobo. Futhi-ke, ngama-70s wekhulu lamashumi amabili, kwatholakala i-minnow-belladonna eThames. Ngokwazi ukuthanda kwakhe amanzi ahlanzekile, ososayensi bafika esiphethweni sokuthi lo mfula uyazihlanzeza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
UMinnow uthanda amadamu okugcina amanzi, kungaba yimifula noma amachibi, anegwala phansi. Ehlobo, ubhukuda emihlambini emanzini angajulile. Imihlambi enjalo ingafinyelela kumakhulu abantu. Ngokuvamile ezinye izinhlanzi ezincane zijoyina izimbotshana zamayini: i-roach, i-blak, njll. Lapho sikhulu izinhlanzi, inhlanzi ngayinye ephephe kakhulu izizwa ikuyo. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, izilwane zicasha ezimila eduze nolwandle. IMinnow inekhono elihehayo: inhlanzi elimele ikhipha into esebenza konke okusele njengophawu lwengozi.
Lapho kuqala ekwindla nasebusika, amafishi aqala ukubola nezinhlanzi iningi lesikhathi ziphansi. Izindawo ezisebusweni bomzimba zisebenza njengokufihla okuhle phakathi kwamatshe, lapho abavukuzi baphephela khona.
Ngabe kudlani futhi kudlani
IBelladonna iyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kokudla kwemifula namachibi angamanzi. Kusebenza njengokudla kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Izilwane ezincane ze-pike, i-burbot, ezinye izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo azilunaki lolu hlobo lokudla. IMinnow uqobo ayikhethiwe - idla konke ehlangabezana nakho emgudwini wayo: izitshalo zasemanzini, ama-crustaceans anamanzi ahlanzekile, izibungu zezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezihlala emanzini. Ingase ihlasele ezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu kunayo. Ngokuvamile i-minnow ihlula inhlanzi enjalo, edla ngokuphephile. Imvamisa, ugxumela emanzini ukuze abambe inambuzane endiza phezu kwamanzi.
Izinhlanzi azinamazinyo angempela. IMinnow kufanele isebenzise amazinyo e-pharyngeal, angemuva kwama-gill emigqeni emibili kanye ne-keratinized palate. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-minnow lunokuhlelwa okuhlukile kwamazinyo. Imvamisa yilokhu kuphela umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezifanayo zezinhlanzi.
Incazelo
Ubude bomzimba ongu-10-12 cm, isisindo cishe esingu-15 g. Unomzimba obanzi kanye nenani lamazinyo e-pharyngeal (6 ohlangothini ngalunye, emigqeni emibili - 2 44 2). Isikali sincane, asikho esiswini. Umbala - isihlabathi, esimibalabala, emuva kukhona umucu omnyama, isisu simhlophe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwe-minnow ithola imibala yomnyama.
IMinnow ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Umhlambi we-minnow amathathu udinga i-aquarium yamalitha angama-50 noma ngaphezulu.
Amanzi awakwazi ukuthululelwa emaphethelweni, njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zihlala zigxuma zisuka e-aquarium ziye phansi. I-Minnow, idluliselwe kwi-aquarium ekhanyayo iye kwenye emnyama, ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa iba mnyama futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhanya ngokushesha lapho iselukhanyweni.
Zidla ngezinambuzane nezibungu zazo, izibungu, iplankton, isiphazi kanye nama-diatoms. Futhi, ungakudeleli ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezomile nezineqhwa. UMinnow unolaka. Imvamisa lokhu kuziveza ntambama. Ibulala futhi idle izinhlanzi ezingezincane kakhulu kunosayizi wayo, futhi ibopha lezo ezidlula usayizi wayo.
Ukubukeka kwabavukuzi
Izinhlanzi ezincane, njengomunyu kanye neVerkhovka, izinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke. Isici esiyinhloko umbala wabo ogqamile, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokukhula. Isikhumba se-rainbow simbozwe izikali ezincane kakhulu ezintekenteke, kanti izikali ezikhulu zisesiswini naku-midline emuva kuphela.
Ihluke kwabanye abameleli be-carp minnow ngomzimba wayo obanzi, isikali esihle nenombolo yamazinyo e-pharyngeal. Ngokuqondene nalokhu kwehluka, ama-minnows angokwalusa ihotela - i-Phoxinus. E-Russia eseMpumalanga, kunolunye uhlobo lwe-minnow luhlala, olunesilinganiso esikhudlwana, esibonakaliswa indlela yempilo, ubuso obungenamfushane nomumo womzimba.
Amancanyana izinhlanzi ezincane.
I-minnow ejwayelekile inombala we-motley, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ihlala ibizwa nge-belladonna ne-buffoon. Umbala wangemuva uvame ukuba nsundu onsundu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, maphakathi emuva kukhona umucu obonakalayo omnyama. Izinhlangothi ziluhlaza okotshani, zenziwe ngemibala yegolide nesiliva. Isisu esisuka emlonyeni kuya emsileni sinokubomvu noma sibomvu ngokugqamile, kepha kwezinye izindlela ezingaphansi kwawo kungahle kube mhlophe, ngokwesibonelo, eMinnow ehlala eMfuleni iSviyaga. Amaphiko aphuzi, ahlanganiswa ngumdwebo omnyama. Isisekelo se-Paired and anal fin sibomvu. Amehlo ayisiliva esiliva.
Kepha umbala we-minnow unzima ukuwubonisa kahle, ngoba ungahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngokushisa komoya nendawo yokuhlala. Umbala omuhle kakhulu walezi zinhlanzi ubonwa ngesikhathi sokuhluma. Umbala we-subspecies nawo uhlukahluka, ngokwesibonelo, kwi-minnow ejwayelekile, umugqa oseceleni ufinyelela kuphela phakathi komzimba, bese unyamalala.
Indawo yokuhlala yaphansi
Lezi zinhlanzi zihlala cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, futhi zihlala nasendaweni enkulu yeSiberia. ESiberia, i-minnow isatshalaliswa kwisikebhe saseYenisei. Ezweni lethu, kuyinhlanzi ejwayelekile, evame ukutholakala, kepha eningizimu incane kancane kunasenyakatho.
IMinnow ithanda amanzi abandayo, ngakho-ke ikakhulukazi ihlala emifuleni egeleza ngokuqinile enendawo enamadwala. Iningi le-minnow lihlala emifuleni yesifunda saseTrans-Ural, eCrimea naseCaucasus. Lezi zinhlanzi azithandi amanzi afudumele ngenkambo ezolile, ngakho-ke, azitholakali njalo emifuleni emikhulu nasemachibini, ngokwesibonelo, e-Onega Territory.
IMinnow yinhlanzi enamanzi amasha.
Ukusatshalaliswa ngqo kwamazinane akukacaciswanga ngoba mncane kakhulu ngosayizi womzimba. Kodwa uma unikezwa ukuthi kutholakala ngamanani amakhulu emifuleni eminingi yaseRussia, kuyalandela ukuthi uhlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo.
Abavukuzi abaningi bahlala emifudlaneni nasemifuleni emincane. Kulezi zindawo, i-minnow ifinyelela cishe emthonjeni lapho ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zingahlali khona. Emazweni asezintabeni, izimbotshana zikhuphuka emifuleni ziye ekuphakameni okukhulu - kufinyelela kumakhulu amamitha ambalwa. Ekuphakameni okunjalo, lezi zinhlanzi zingatholakala, ngokwesibonelo, eziNtabeni zase-Ural.
Esikhathini esiningi, i-minnow ihlala emadwaleni amatshe. Zitholakala emihlambini ekhanyayo enezinhlanzi zeMotley, ezingekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Emihlanjini enjalo kungaba khona izinkulungwane ezinamamayini amancane atholakala emigqeni omunye ngaphezu komunye, kuyilapho ezikhulu kakhulu zigcinwa zisondele ezansi, kanti ezincane ziphezulu. Imihlambi emikhulu yezimbotshane itholakala phesheya kwezilwandle, lapho okwangoku kungenamandla khona. Kulezi zindawo iminnows idla isinaphi esigaxwa esiwela emanzini, kepha ukudla kwendabuko kuqukethe izibungu ezincane, ama crustaceans, midges kanye nomiyane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zidla izinhlanzi gazinga, izaqathe ezahlukahlukene, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ulwelwe.
Isikhathi sokuhlanza
Lezi zinhlanzi zihlala zihlala ezikoleni ezinkulu noma ezincane, futhi zitholakala zodwa ezimweni ezihlukile. Ziningi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala, ezenzeka ezweni lethu ngoMeyi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngoJuni.
Emadodeni, imizimba yawo emincane incane uma iqhathaniswa nabesifazane, kuyilapho inesikhala ekhale kakhudlwana nombala ogqamile. Ikhanda nekhala leziduna kuhlakazwa ngama warts efomu elibi. I-caviar yalezi zinhlanzi ibunjiwe kahle. Owesifazane oyedwa ukhipha inqwaba yamaqanda ngqo ematsheni. Abesifazane kuqala bahlikihla ematsheni, abesilisa nabo benze okufanayo.
UDarwin uchaze ukuthi ukwanda phakathi kwe-minnow kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo. Abesilisa bahlangana emaphaketheni futhi baqala ukuphishekela amaphakethe amaningi abesifazane. Abesilisa abaningi bazungeza enye yezinsikazi futhi bahlala besondelene naye. Insikazi ingabhukuda iqhele kubo (lokhu ikakhulukazi kwenziwa ngabantu abangagugile) noma ihlale futhi iphendule othandweni. Abesilisa ababili abanamandla babhukuda baye kowesifazane bamunca ezinhlangothini, ngenxa yalokho kuphuma amaqanda emzimbeni wakhe, lawo avundiswa ngokushesha. Abesilisa abasele balinda ithuba labo futhi bafake elinye langaphambili. Ngakho-ke, amaduna enza kuze kube yilapho insikazi inamaqanda.
Amapende apendwe ngemibala egqamile kwabesilisa ngesikhathi sokukhula.
UDkt Devi wacwilisa amaqanda kowesifazane, ebahlanganisa nobisi, washintsha amanzi izinsuku eziyi-6, emva kwalokho kwagcwala inqwaba yefry. Amafutha ayabonakala ngokuphelele ngamehlo amakhulu.
Izitha ezinkulu zeminnzi izibungu zomiyane, lapho zifuna khona indawo yokuhlala esihlabathini noma ku-gravel. Ngokunokwenzeka, ukuthomba kokufakelwa kwemvelo kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-2-3, kepha ososayensi baseJalimane uBloch noHaelel baphakamisa ukuthi zikhula kancane futhi zikwazi ukuzala ngonyaka we-4 kuphela.
Njengoba iminncane incane, abadobi bayabanaka kakhulu. Zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi njengezimbali zenhlanzi ezidlayo. Amaphayile we-Minnow peck, ama-trout, ama-perches, ama-burbots kanye nama-chubs.
E-East Siberia, i-minnow yaqala ukutholwa uPallas. Kulezi zindawo kuthiwa yi-imbila ne-mundugika, kanye ne-muzzle ne-lake minnow. Ngosayizi, lolu hlobo lukhulu kune-minnow evamile. Isikali sakhe sikhulu, umzimba wakhe ucindezelwa kakhulu kusukela ezinhlangothini, nekhala lakhe alinamuntu kangako. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lake minnow ayinayo umbala we-motley. Njengomthetho, ingemuva linombala omnyama oluhlaza okotshani, kanti isisu asiphisi ubomvu ngisho noma kusenziwa ukuqhuma. Ukuhlwayeka ezinqobeni zamachibi kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi - ekuqaleni kuka noma maphakathi noJulayi.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ukubukeka
I-minnow ejwayelekile inhlanzi ye-motley futhi inezikali ezincane. Ezinhlangothini ze-minnow kuvame ukuba nezindawo ezima mpo zenani lika-10 kuye ku-17, zingahlangana nje ngezansi komugqa oseceleni.
Isidumbu sale nhlanzi siyindilinga futhi sifana ne-spindle-like.Izikali esesiswini azikho. Umsila uvamisile kanti nekhanda lincane. IMinnow inesihluku esifushane esithambile, umlomo omncane nezinsimbi eziyindilinga.
Ngenkathi iqhuma, le nhlanzi ithola umbala ogqamile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuzalanisa, ngemuva nezinhlangothi zezinsikazi zohlobo lwe-minnow ziba mnyama ngombala, zibomvu okhalweni, kanti isisu sithola umbala omdaka, kanti amafomu abizwa nge- “pearl rash” ekhanda bese kuvela i-Sheen emhlophe. izembozo gill.
Futhi, izinsikazi azibukeki zikhulu: zinobomvu emlonyeni namabala amafomu wombala obomvu esiswini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, singakwazi ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa abasesifinyelele esikhathini sokuthomba. Ngendlela yamaphini esifubeni senhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, emadodeni anenhloko yokuqala yabalandeli, futhi kwabesilisa amafushane futhi mancane.
Amancanyana izinhlanzi ezincane ezanele. Ngobude, zikhula ngesilinganiso zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi, yize abanye abantu bekhula bekhuphuke ngamasentimitha ayishumi nambili noma angamashumi amabili. Isisindo se-minnow kuvame ukuba ngama-gramu ayi-100 nokuningi ngaphezulu.
Isikhathi sempilo yalenhlanzi singaminyaka eyisithupha kuya kwesishiyagalombili.
Ungabamba kanjani izinhlanzi eziningi?
Le nhlanzi ithanda izibaya nemifudlana yokuphila impilo enamanzi ahlanzekile futhi apholile nemijikelezo, kanye namachibi namachibi anesihlabathi nesihlabathi esinamatshe namanzi acebile oksijini. Izinhlanzi ezincane zaseMinnow ziyafunda esikoleni futhi azenzi ukufuduka isikhathi eside.
Izinhlanzi esezifinyelele ebudaleni zingaya ezindaweni eziphakemeyo zemifula, kuyilapho abantu abasha behlala bephansi, ngoba kunzima ngabo ukubhekana negesi enamandla.
I-minnow inamehlo amahle nomuzwa wokuhogela, ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi ziyesabeka impela, futhi zisengozini, iphakethe le-minnow lingasakaza ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Habitat
I-Minnow itholakala emizimbeni yamanzi ahlanzekile angenamanzi. Ngakho-ke, bahlala emifuleni nasezifuleni zamazwe aseYurophu, ngokwesibonelo, amaNeman naseDnieper, eRussia - esifundeni sase-Arkhangelsk, esifundeni saseVologda naseKareia, futhi cishe kuyo yonke indawo eSiberia. E-Middle Urals, i-minnow ingatholakala emifuleni eduze kwe-Ural Range. Futhi, le nhlanzi ingatholakala emachibini, lapho kunamanzi apholile futhi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile.
Ukudla
Yidla kancane
- ama-invertebrates amancane,
- izinambuzane ezindizayo, njengomiyane,
- zasolwandle
- impova evela ezitshalweni
- izibungu ze-caviar nezinhlanzi,
- izibungu
- ipulankton
- ukudla kwenhlanzi eyomile.
Kepha iminn ngokwayo ivame ukuba yisisulu sezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidlayo.
Ukudoba okuncane
Naphezu kokuntuleka kokudotshwa okumiselwe lo mmeleli womndeni we-cyprinid, ukudoba kwale nhlanzi eRussia, engxenyeni yaseYurophu nasezifundeni zaseSiberia, kuyathandwa kakhulu.
Ngokwemvelo, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane, i-minnow ngeke ibe inhloso enkulu kumdobi, kepha ingasetjenziswa njengesibambiso sezinhlanzi ezinkulu nezingezelayo.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, uphelele njengesithiyo sokudoba:
Ukubamba?
Imvamisa, lezi zinhlanzi zihlangana ezikoleni futhi zihlale ngaphezulu kwemizimba yamanzi.Azithobeki futhi zingagijimela kunoma yisiphi isithiyo.
Kulula ukubamba abamele abancane, kepha abantu abakhulu kakhulu bagcina ngaphansi kwezihlahla nasezintweni ezinotshani nasekuboni komdobi lapho besaba. Ngakho-ke, uma umgomo wakho ungummeleli omkhulu walezi zinhlobo zama-cyprinids, khona-ke ukusakaza kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela nangokuthula ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi umdobi kufanele abe sendlini yokukhosela.
Igiya elisetshenzisiwe
IMinnow ivame ukubanjwa ku:
- induku yokudoba enomugqa omfishane wokudoba, kanye nohudo oluncane,
- mormyshka
- ngosizo lwe-bullshit
- amanethiwekhi.
Njengoba bebambe izinhlanzi ezingama-237 kg, abazingeli abaze bajeziswe!
Kukhona nendlela esheshayo ye-minnow esebenzisa ibhakede lakudala. Imvamisa isetshenziswa yizakhamizi zasemakhaya ezibamba ama-minnow ukuze zidliwe, noma ngabadobi abafuna inyambo yokuloba ezinhlanzini ezidliwayo.
Kwenziwa amagobongo kuyo, ukuze amanzi kuyo, lapho ikhanywa endaweni yokugcina amanzi, isheshe ithulule. Ukuqothuka kwesinkwa kuvame ukufakwa ebhakedeni, emva kwalokho kufakwa echibini ekujuleni kwamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa kuya kumashumi ayisishiyagalombili.
I-Bait
IMinnow ayizethembi. Njengoba isiheho kufanelekile impela:
IMinnow iyinto ethandwa kakhulu ukudoba ngama-amateur, yize inosayizi omncane. Le nhlanzi ibanjwa ikakhulukazi ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva njengesihebe sokubamba izinyamazane ezinkulu.
Manje pecks kuphela kimi!
Ngayibamba le-carp ngosizo lwesishoshovu sokuluma. Manje, ungaphinde ubuye ekhaya ungenazinhlanzi! Isikhathi sokuba uqinisekise ukubanjwa kwakho. Isishoshovu esihle kunazo zonke sonyaka! Kwenziwe e-Italy.
Manje pecks kuphela kimi!
Ngayibamba le-carp ngosizo lwesishoshovu sokuluma. Manje, ungaphinde ubuye ekhaya ungenazinhlanzi! Isikhathi sokuba uqinisekise ukubanjwa kwakho. Isishoshovu esihle kunazo zonke sonyaka! Kwenziwe e-Italy.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-belladonna minnow
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, into yokuqala ebonakalayo ngukushintsha kombala wenhlanzi. Ingaphambili lesisu sowesilisa liphenduka libomvu ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Kokubili kwabesilisa nabesilisa, amakhona omlomo ayaqhuma. Owesilisa nowesifazane bathola umhlobiso okhethekile emakhanda abo abizwa ngokuthi “i-pearl rash” - lokhu ukukhula okuncane futhi okunzima kombala omhlophe.
Ukuze bathole umngane womshado, abavukuzi babuthana ezikoleni ezinkulu. Ngemuva kokuthi ukhetho selwenzekile, lo mbhangqwana wehlela ematsheni uze ufike ezansi, bese kuthi izilozi zesifazane ziphakathi kwawo. Owesilisa umfaka umquba - bese kuthi ngokwesilinganiso kuvela i-fry evikini. Zisuka nje, zondla nge-yolk, esesiswini sazo. Lapho izakhi ze-yolk ziphela, i-fry inaka izilwane ezincane zasemanzini, bese kuba yizikelemu, izinambuzane, njll.
UMinnow nendoda
Kubantu, i-minnow akuyona inhlanzi ethengiswayo. Abathandi kuphela abayibambayo bese hhayi bonke. Kulula ukuyithola ehlobo emanzini angajulile ngosizo lwetha.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi eYurophu, ikakhulukazi eGreat Britain, minnow wayaziswa kakhulu, kwakuyindaba yokudoba. Namuhla, i-minnow kwesinye isikhathi iyatholakala kuma-aquariums.
Alikho izwe elithathe izinyathelo zokuvikela i-belladonna minnow. Kwezinye izindawo, izinhlanzi ziningi impela, kepha izindawo eziningi zemifula yaseYurophu zingcoliswa kakhulu. Uma le nqubo ingamiswa, khona-ke i-minnow ngeke ibe khona indawo eYurophu.
INDAWO YOKUTHENGA
I-min min river ingenye yezinhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile anebanga elibanzi kakhulu. Ihlanganisa iningi laseYurophu futhi cishe nayo yonke iNyakatho ye-Asia, kuze kufike eMongolia, Korea naseNyakatho China eningizimu. Izinhlanzi zihlala ezinhlobonhlobo zemizimba emincane egeleza amanzi, zithanda imifudlana esheshayo nemifula enesihlabathi noma amatshe amancane. Ezindaweni ezinenkambo eyehlisiwe noma evamile yokungathandeki, i-minnow igcinwa kuphela lapho okhiye abanamandla angaphansi komhlaba batshaya khona.
Ngokwemvelo yabo, bayizinhlanzi ezihambisana naye. Bahlala emaphaketheni lisuka kwengxenye iye kumakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinkulungwane zabantu. Ezifundeni ezinabantu abaningi, kancane kancane i-minnow iyanyamalala, ehambisana nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Iqiniso ngukuthi le nhlanzi enhle idinga amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu, apholile anokuqukethwe komoya ophelele. Lapho le nhlobo igcinwe khona, ingasebenza njengophawu lwenhlala-kahle yesimo semvelo yedamu.
IZIMPAHLA NE-Fans NE-MAKEUP
IMinnow ikhula kancane futhi ivuthwa kuphela ngonyaka we-2-3 wokuphila. Izinhlanzi ezincane zinombala wesiliva onomugqa omude omude.
Imidons yabantu abadala bobulili obuhlukile ingahlukaniswa komunye nomunye ngesimo samaphiko we-pectoral. Emadodeni anombala obanzi fan, ububanzi nobude. Njengomthetho, afinyelela isisekelo seminjunjana ye-ventral. Amaphiko we-pectoral wezinsikazi asevele emfushane kakhulu.
Ukunwebeka kuqala entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifinyelela ku + 6-8 ° C. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa abasemuva nasezinhlangothini baba mnyama, isisu kanye namachaphaza obomvu abomvu. Amakhona omlomo nesisu athola umbala obomvu ocwebezelayo, kanti okubizwa nge-pearl rash kumboza ingxenye engenhla yekhanda. Kwabesifazane, ingubo yokuhlobisa ayikhanyi kangako.
Ukuqhekeka kwamabhomu emifula kunesiphepho. Umhlambi wesilisa uzingela ngenkuthalo izinsikazi, ezihlwitha amaqanda angamakhulu amaningana (imvamisa ezingekho ngaphezulu kwama-600) kuma-amatshe amatshe noma esihlabathini esibondayo, lapho zinamathela khona. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamaqanda kuthatha izinsuku ezi-4 kuye kwezingu-11, kuya ngokushisa kwamanzi.
UKUDLA AKUSIYO OKUHLE
Ngohlobo lokudla, i-minnow iyinhlanzi ebabazekayo. Amachibi anamanzi abandayo awakhiqizi, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi akhethe futhi akhethe. Minnow udle noma yikuphi ukudla okutholakalayo kwezitshalo nemvelaphi yezilwane. Bangakwazi ukubamba inyamazane kwikholamu yamanzi, bayiqoqe kusuka phansi noma ebusweni besihlambi. Izithako zokudla okuyisibungu esincane se-microscopic phyto- kanye ne-zooplankton. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho bekhula, baqala ukudla noma yiziphi ama-invertebrates amancane angenamanzi abangawathola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nabantu abadala bayaqhubeka bezondla ezintweni ezincane ezinjenge-algae ye-unicellular ne-protozoa, ama-rotifers.
Izimbotshana zemifula zona ziba ngukudla kwama-ruffs, ama-perches, kanye namaphayiphu amancane namabhule. Ezindaweni, ama-chubs, ama-grey, ama-trout no-char bayawadla. Izinyoni zasogwini namathafa kuyaqabukela kubamba iminnne, ngoba lezi zinyoni zithanda ukudoba amachibi amaningi abanzi. Kepha izindawo ezihlala kulezi zinhlanzi zilungele kakhulu i-kingfisher evamile. Kwesinye isikhathi, komakhelwane naye ungahlangana nedipper, okuyi-rapids engekho, cha futhi yebo kuyokubamba omncane. Emaphethelweni emifula ehlathini kanye nemifudlana, ibhungane elimnyama livame ukudoba. Umane nje adlule esiteshini esingajulile abambe izinhlanzi ezethusayo ngomlomo omude.
Isithandwa sempova
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izigaxa zesilisa kukaphayini ziqala ukukhiqiza impova. Kwenzeka kakhulu ukuthi lapho kunelanga, kunesimo sezulu esipholile, imishanguzo ibonakala ifakwe emgqonyeni wegolide osobala. Kwesinye isikhathi, ingaphezulu lamanzi emifuleni namachibi kumbozwa ifilimu eqhubekayo yempova entantayo. Uma ubhekisisa, ungabona ukuthi izinhlanzi ezincane zihlangana kanjani emihlambini ebusweni. Izibungu zemifula zingadla impova hhayi ezihlahleni zikaphayini kuphela, kepha futhi nakwezinye izitshalo ezithuthelwe impova zikhula eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi.
Ezikhathini zakudala, izikole ezinkulu zalezi zinhlanzi zazihlala eduzane namadamu anamamonwa. Lapho badla uthuli oluyimpuphu luhlala phezu kwamanzi.
ISIQINISEKISO SAMAHHALA
- Uhlobo: chordates.
- Ikilasi: inhlanzi enziwe ngamakhanda.
- Oda: ama-cyprinid.
- Umndeni: ama-cyprinid.
- Ndodo: minnow.
- Izinhlobo: bellies minnow, river, or ezejwayelekile.
- Igama lesi Latin: Phoxinus phoxinus.
- Ubukhulu: ubude bomzimba - 8-10 cm, ngokuvamile abudluli ku-5-7 cm.
- Isisindo: kuze kufike ku-g
- Umbala: izinhlangothi ziluhlaza okotshani, zinamabala amnyama, kukhona amabala abomvu esiswini, ingemuva limnyama, imvamisa ivulekile.
- Isikhathi sokuphila se-Minnow: iminyaka eyi-8-10.