I-Animal Planet isanda kumemezela amahlosi anamandla njengezilwane ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, iningi lamaqiniso esicabanga ukuthi siyawazi ngamahlosi manaphutha, noma avela ekudidekeni ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakati amakhulu. Ama-Tiger angenye yamakati ahluke kakhulu emhlabeni futhi anezici eziningi ezihlukile.

1. Imidlwane yamahlosi iyindilinga, ayifani namakati asekhaya, lapho abafundi behlala khona ngendlela yama-alkalis. Le ndlela yezingane zamahlosi ichazwa yiqiniso lokuthi ziyizilwane zakusihlwa - zizingela ikakhulukazi kusihlwa nakusihlwa, ngokungafani namakati asekhaya, ayizidalwa zasebusuku.

2. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amahlosi awakaguqukelwa ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni, ebusuku babona izikhathi ezingaba ngu-6 kangcono kunabantu.

3. Amehlo amahlosi amaningi aphuzi. Okuhlukile kunamahlosi amhlophe, Amehlo ayo ahlala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka luhlotshaniswa nohlobo lwejazi elimhlophe. Uhlobo lwe-strabismus nalo luhambisana nalezi zakhi zofuzo, yingakho izingwekazi ezimhlophe zivame ukugunda.

4. Ukumaka insimu, amahlosi ashiya imidwebo ejulile ezihlahleni bese esebenzisa umchamo wawo. Iphunga lomchamo wabo lifana ne-popcorn nebhotela.

5. Ngokuhogela umchamo, amahlosi angakwazi ukubona ubudala, ubulili nokuzimisela ukuzala ezinye izingwe.

6. Amahlosi amaduna anezindawo ezinkulu kunezabesifazane, ukuze izindawo zihlangane, okuvumela amahlosi ukuba azale. Izindawo zabantu abamele abobulili obuhlukile ngokuvamile azihlanganisi.

7. Ama-Tiger growls ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ukuxhumana namanye amahlosi, kunokuba asabise ezinye izilwane. Ama-Tiger awagugi ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kwawo, imisindo eyenziwe ngawo kuleli cala ifana ne-snout noma i-ors.

8. Lapho iqembu lezingwe likwazi ukubulala inyamazane yazo, abesilisa bavame ukunika ilungelo lokudla kwabesifazane namawundlu, ngokungafani namabhubesi, lapho abesilisa bedla kuqala. Ama-Tiger akavamile ukulwa nokudla, ancamela ukulinda emgqeni.

9. Imichilo yehlosi ngalinye lahlukile, njengoba kunjalo ngeminwe yabantu.

10. Iphethini emabunzini amahlosi ifana kakhulu nophawu lwesiShayina okusho ukuthi yiNkosi, okwathi amahlosi athole isikhundla sobukhosi esikweni laseChinese.

11. Amaphethini ezinweleni zenyathi ayaphindaphindeka esikhunjeni sawo, njengakwamakati asekhaya. Ngakho-ke ngisho nehlosi elaligundwe laliba yimichilo.

12. Amahlosi angokubhukuda okukhulu, ngokungafani namanye amakati amakhulu. Ziyathanda ukubhukuda, futhi izingane zazo zivame ukudlala emanzini. Lapho sesikhulile, amahlosi ajwayele ukubhukuda amakhilomitha ambalwa ngenkathi azingela nalapho ewela imifula. Ososayensi babuka umuntu ngamunye ehamba amakhilomitha angama-30 ngosuku olulodwa.

13. Amahlosi makhulu emndenini wekati, kodwa futhi ahluke kakhulu ngosayizi ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo. Abamele amahlosi baseSiberia bangafika kumamitha ayi-3,5 ubude futhi babe nesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-300. Amahlosi amancane kunazo zonke angabamele izingosi ezingaphansi kuka-Sumatran tiger 2 metres nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-100.

14. Ama-Tigraine angakhulelwa izinsuku ezingama-4-5 kuphela ngonyaka. Ngalezi zinsuku, bavame ukushada. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezulu kwezinyanga ezintathu futhi imvamisa kungama-2 noma ama-3 ama-litre kwilitha elilodwa.

15. Amawundlu awaboni ngokuphelele phakathi neviki lokuqala lokuzalwa kwawo. Ingxenye yabo ayihlali kuze kube umuntu mdala.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamahlosi
16. Lapho ujabule, ama-tiger penises awaveli ukuqina. Kukhona ithambo emthanjeni wabo obizwa nge-baculum, ombozwe ngemidumba ukusiza ukugcina ukuxhumana ngesikhathi sokuzala.

17. Amahlosi akhetha ukuhlasela inyamazane enkulu aqhamuka kuyo. Uma umuntu ebuka ihlosi - ngokunokwenzeka ngeke ahlasele, ngoba alahlekelwe yinto yokumangala. Izakhamizi zezindawo ezithile eNdiya ngokwesiko zigqoka imaski ngemuva kwekhanda lazo lapho zihamba emahlathini, ukuze amahlosi angawahlaseli ngemuva.

18. Ama-Tiger awabheki abantu njengezisulu, kodwa angahlasela uma ezizwa esongelwa. Amacala amaningi okuzingela abantu ngamabomu achazwa ngokuntuleka kwezinyamazane ezijwayelekile emahlosi aphulukene nendawo yazo evamile.

19. Lapho inyama yomuntu isampula, inani elincane lehlosi liba ngamakhambi. Ukuvikela amawundlu ayo, i-tigress yabulala abantu abaningana, ngemuva kwalokho yashintsha ngokuphelele ekudleni kwenyama yomuntu. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi empilweni yakhe wabulala abantu ababalelwa ku-400.

20. Amahlosi e-cannalal akuyona ingxenye yezindawo zokuhlala zabantu, njengoba amahlosi athanda ukuzingela ekuqasheni. Imvamisa, bazohlasela owesilisa ohamba ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala yedwa. Cannibals nayo iya ekuzingeleni ebusuku, ngoba kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ngabantu ukuyibona ebusuku.

21. Amahlosi awakwazi ukuhlanza. Bakhombisa injabulo yabo ngokuhluza noma ukuvala amehlo abo. Le ndlela yokuveza imizwa ichazwa iqiniso lokuthi ukulahleka kombono kunciphisa ukuvikelwa kwabo, futhi amahlosi (njengamanye amakati amaningi) avale amehlo awo kuphela lapho ezizwa evikeleke ngokwanele.

22. Ama-Tiger angafika ngesivinini samakhilomitha angama-60 ngehora lapho egijima amabanga amafushane.

23. Ukugxuma kweTiger kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 ubude namamitha ayi-5 ukuphakama. Imilenze yabo yemisipha iqine kangangokuba amahlosi athile angaqhubeka emi ngisho nangemva kokuba efile.

24. Ukuzingela eyodwa kuphela kokuyishumi kwamahlosi kuphumelela ngempumelelo, ngakho-ke bangahlala ngaphandle kokudla izinsuku eziningana, bese bedla amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-30 enyama.

25. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amahlosi angaphila ngendlala izinsuku eziningana, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo amakhulu abulawa yindlala ngokushesha kunezinye izilwane. Amahlosi angabulawa yindlala kungakapheli amasonto angama-2-3, kanti umuntu angaphila ngaphandle kokudla izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengu-40.

26. Kube nezimo lapho amahlosi alingisa khona imisindo eyenziwe ezinye izilwane ukuze ahehe inyamazane.

27. Amabhere ayingxenye yokudla kwamahlosi amaningi ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala. Ukuze kudwebe amabhere, amahlosi enza imisindo ibe yimpawu yezilwane ezifuyayo.

28. Ngokuvamile, amahlosi abulala inyamazane yawo nge-asphyxiation noma ngegazi. Lapho behlasela, bazama ukubamba intamo yesilwane. Uma zikwazi ukuphula i-artery enkulu, inyamazane izofa ngemizuzwana embalwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ihlosi lilenga entanyeni yalo kuze kube yilapho inyamazane ibulawa ukuqunjelwa.

29. Yize amahlosi ethanda ukubulala ngamasenti awo amasentimitha ayi-10, kwesinye isikhathi asebenzisa ama-paws awo. Isiteleka esisodwa siqinile ngokwanele ukuphula ugebhezi lwebhere noma ukuphule umgogodla.

30. Amahlosi angaluma ngokusebenzisa amazinyo awo anamandla nemihlathi. Bangakwazi ukuluma i-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeleko ngokumane bavale imihlathi yabo.

I-31. Ama-Tiger ajwayela ngokushesha ezimweni ezahlukahlukene ezivela ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Lapho inyamazane ingabulawa ngecebo labo elijwayelekile - ukwaphuka kwentamo - bayoqhamuka necebo elehlukile. Lapho zizingela izingwenya, ukuze kunciphise izidalwa ezinamathuba ithuba lokuziluma, ihlosi liqala ukuhlasela ngokushaya lamehlo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ihlosi liphendukisa ingwenya ukuze ifinyelele esiswini esithambile, esingayihlukanisa kalula.

32. Amathe weTiger yi-antiseptic yemvelo. Basebenzisa yona ukubulala amagciwane amanxeba abo.

33. Ingxenye engenhla yezilimi zamahlosi imbozwe ngamabhulashi amaningi, ukuze kuthi lapho bezikhotha - bangagcini nje ngokugeza, kodwa futhi bahlanganise nezinwele zabo.

34. Ngokungafani nezinye izilwane eziningi, lapho ziphuza, amahlosi awakhi amanzi ngezilimi zawo, njengebhakede. Esikhundleni salokho, baphonsa amanzi ngolimi lwabo, bese bemane bamboze umlomo.

35. Ezihlolweni eziyisishiyagalolunye zamahlosi, ama-6 asekhona: i-Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), i-Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), i-Indochinese tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti), ihlosi laseMalawi (Panthera tigris jacksoni), ihlosi laseSumatran (Panthera tigris sumatrae) ne-Chinese tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis).

36. Eminyakeni engama-80 eyedlule, izinhlobo ezintathu zezingulube sezinyamalele ebusweni bomhlaba. I-Balinese tiger (Panthera tigris balica) yaqothulwa ngamabomu esiqhingini saseBali, ngenxa yokuthi abantu babayibheka njengophawu olubi. Ingwe yaseJavanese (Panthera tigris sondaica) nayo yaqothulwa ngabantu, yize inani labantu bakhona lalivele lincane ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo abahlala kuyo. Amahlosi eTranscaucasian (Panthera tigris virgata) aqothuka ngenxa yokuyizingela kanye nezinyamazane zayo.

37. Ukubulawa kwamahlosi ngenhloso yokuwasebenzisa kwezokwelapha kwendabuko kwavinjelwa eChina eminyakeni eminingi eyedlule futhi kuyajeziswa ngokufa. Izithako eziningi ezitholakala kumahlosi zithathelwa kalula izithako ezingcono futhi ezingabizi kakhulu, kepha umuthi wendabuko wasebenzisa izingxenye zamahlosi, ngaphezulu ngesimo esingajwayelekile kunezizathu zempilo.

38. Kukholelwa kabanzi ukuthi izingxenye zamahlosi zazisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ikakhulukazi njenge-aphrodisiacs ebizayo. Eqinisweni, umuthi wendabuko ukholelwa ukuthi lezi zithako zisiza ngezifo zamathambo nokugaya. Ngenxa yalomqondo ongaqondile, ngokuya, izithako zisetshenziswa njengama-aphrodisiacs angenhla.

39. Ngeshwa, noma okwamanje eLaos, eCambodia nakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, abazingeli babulala amahlosi ukwanelisa izidingo zabantu ababambeke ngeNkathi Ephakathi futhi basakholelwa emilonyeni yezithako zezithako ezisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kwendabuko.

40. Umbala we-tiger fur ungaba wemibala ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi okumhlophe, okugolide, omnyama ngisho nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobo zofuzo ezijwayelekile zibangela imibala yamahlosi. Yize kungakaze kube khona icala elilodwa eliqinisekisiwe lomhlangano wezingulube zaseMalta eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amahemuhemu okuba khona kwazo asasebenza.

41. Isikhathi sokuphila kwamahlosi, kokuboshwa kanye nangemvelo, cishe siyiminyaka engama-25.

42. Amakati ngokuvamile anenkumbulo engcono kunezinye izilwane, kufaka phakathi abantu. Ngokuqagela okuthile, inkumbulo yabo ingcono izikhathi eziphindwe ngamakhulu amaningana kunenkumbulo yezinja futhi izikhathi eziyishumi zingcono kunangaphambili. Inkumbulo yesikhashana yamahlosi igcinwa isikhathi eside kunezikhathi ezingama-30. Inkumbulo yabo igcinwa ngosizo lwama-synapses anamandla, okusho ukuthi amahlosi angakhumbula okuningi futhi angakhohlwa kalula njengathi.

Incazelo

I-tiger bittern ifinyelela ku-49 cm futhi inesisindo kusuka ku-417 kuya ku-450 g.I-dimorphism yezocansi ivezwa buthaka. Kwabesilisa, i-crest yinde kancane kunabesifazane.

Umbala weplamu uhlukile ngokuhlukile, ngakho-ke isikhathi eside ama-subspecies ama-3 ahlukaniswa. Kodwa-ke, imibala ehlukene yamapulangwe itholakala kuyo yonke indawo yokusatshalaliswa, ngakho-ke akuyona inkambiso ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwanoma yikuphi okubhaliwe. Umqhele wekhanda umnyama. Izimpaphe ngemuva kwekhanda zidlulile, zakha i-crest. Uqhwaku luhlangene, lugobeke kancane ekugcineni phansi. I-mandible ingumbala onsundu, i-mandible iluhlaza okotshani. Ushizi kanye nentamo yizifuba. Umphimbo umhlophe ngemivimbo emide emnyama. Izembozo ezingemuva nezinhla zingama-chestnut amnyama nge-shading emnyama emnyama. Izimpiko zinombala onsundu ngombala omhlophe. Umsila umnyama. Ngaphansi komzimba onsundu kunamabala amnyama acacile. Izinhlangothi zomzimba, kanye nezangaphansi, zimbozwe izindawo ezimhlophe ezinamabala ansundu. Imilenze inomnqumo ngombala.

Kungahle kube nokudideka ngesiphuzo saseJapan kanye neHainan heron engatheni (Gorsachius magnificus), ehlala eningizimu mpumalanga yeChina naseVietnam. Isici esibonakalayo esivele kakhulu iplamu lezinhlama zehlosi.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ama-Tiger ajwayelekile eNdiya, eNepal, eThailand, eLaos, eCambodia, eVietnam, eSouth China, eJapan, ePhilippines nasezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Indonesia. Njengesikhala sokuhlala, usebenzisa ihlathi elimanzi elisendaweni engezansi. Ihlala nemifudlana, imifula, izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi nezixhaphozi. Ukubukeka kukaHeron okungajwayelekile ezindaweni eziphakemeyo. Empumalanga yeNdiya, ama-tiger bitters abonakala kumamitha angama-2 300 ngaphezu kolwandle.

ITiger Bittern iyinyoni efudukayo, noma kunjalo, ukufuduka kwayo akukaze kufundwe ngokwanele. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuphela inyakatho ifuduka, kuyilapho ezinye izixazululo zixazululiwe. Ngokuphindaphindiwe, izinyoni zindiza ngephutha zaya eChristmas Island.

Indlela yokuphila

ITiger Bittern ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa. Iyasebenza imini nobusuku. Akuvamile ukutholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile. Abalungiselela ukubheka ukudla ezweni elinamahlathi aminyene, anomswakama. Abalungiselela ukudoba echibini. Abantu abahlala emahlathini, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bathanda ukubamba amaxoxo nezihlwathi ezinkulu zomhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona futhi amabhungane, ama-mollusks, amakhrayoni, izinyoka, izibankwa nezinyoni ezincane ekudleni kwezinyoni.

Ukuzala

Isikhathi sokufuya siyahluka ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala. Le nyoni iyaqabukela ihlala emakoloni nezinye izinhlobo ze-heron. Ku-clutch kuvame ukusuka emaqanda amathathu kuya kwayi-4. Isikhathi sokufaka sisuka ezinsukwini ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-32. Zombili izidleke zezinyoni zabazali. Izinyoni ezincane ziba nokuzimela ngosuku lwe-43.

Ukubukeka

Amahlosi aqine ngokwanele, aqinile futhi anamakati amakhulu asendle. Naphezu kwaleli qiniso, ngokuya ngezinsizakusebenza, isisindo samakati asendle ingahluka, hluka kancane, njengombala wejazi lawo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakati asendle ahlala ezwekazini ahlala ezikhulu njalo kunezihlobo zawo ezihlala eziqhingini. Amahlosi e-Amur nehlosi laseBengal abhekwa njengezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu kulo mndeni, yize muva nje amahlosi e-Amur eqala ukunika ubungako ebambisene naye ngobukhulu. Abantu abadala, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, bakhula cishe ngamamitha amathathu ubude futhi bangaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-300.

Ukuphakama kwesisulu ekubungeni kungaphezu kwemitha. Umzimba womhlaseli unesimo esidlule, ngenkathi ivumelana nezimo futhi izicubu zomzimba, yize umphambili womzimba ukhula ungcono kakhulu kunasemuva.

Kungashiwo ukuthi umsila wehlosi mude, umbozwe izinwele ngendlela efanayo nomzimba. Imichilo eshintshashintshayo yombala omnyama itholakala emsileni ukuze ikwazi ukwakha izindandatho, kanti iphuzu lomsila lihlala limnyama. Esiwombeni ngasinye sangaphambili semilensi enamandla, kuneminwe efinyelela ku-5, kanti emilenzeni langasemuva ungabala iminwe emi-4. Yonke imilenze ihlome ngezihlakala eziyishumi futhi ezibukhali ezingabuyiselwa emuva.

Ikhanda likhulu futhi lihlukile ngesimo esiyindilinga, kanye nengxenye yangaphambili engxenyeni nengxenye yecalax yangaphambili. Ugebhezi lunamandla, futhi izihlathi zihlukaniswa kabanzi, lapho kusondela emathanjeni amakhulu emathambo emakhaleni. Singasho ukuthi lesi silo esikhulu sinezindlebe ezincane, ezinemiphetho eyindilinga. Izinduna ezimenyezelwe zitholakala kuzo zombili izinhloko zekhanda.

AmaVibrissae aqine kakhulu, akhiwe imigqa emi-4 noma emi-5 futhi amhlophe. Ubukhulu bawo bufinyelela kumamilimitha ayisigamu nengxenye, nobude obungaphezu kuka-150 mm. Abafundi bayindilinga, kanti iris ine-tint ephuzi. Bonke abantu abadala, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni, banamazinyo afinyelela kwabayi-3 aqinile futhi abukhali emilebeni yabo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Iduna ligcina iminonjana emikhulu nezinobude, uma liqhathaniswa nabesifazane. Kulokhu, iminwe ephakathi iyabonakala ngaphambili, uma iqhathaniswa necala. Umkhondo oshiywe ngowesilisa ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-160 mm, ububanzi bawo bube yi-140 mm, bese insikazi ishiya umkhondo, ubude bawo bube ngu-150 mm nobubanzi bubalelwa ku-130 mm.

Izimbangi ezihlala ezifundeni ezifudumele zinejazi eliphansi futhi elingajwayelekile kakhulu, yize zinobukhulu impela. Ama-Tiger ahlala ezifundeni ezibandayo kakhulu anoboya obude nobubushelelezi. Ithoni eyisisekelo yengubo ingahluka kusuka kokubomvu okubomvu kuya kumakhompiyutha ansundu. Njengomthetho, amathoni alula, acishe amhlophe, abonakala esiswini, esifubeni, nasezindongeni ezingaphakathi zama-paws.

Kukhona futhi nomthunzi okhanyayo ezindlebeni, ikakhulukazi kusukela emuva. Emzimbeni wonke nasentanjeni kukhona amabhendi akhiwe endizeni edlulayo, futhi emuva komzimba kunamabhande amaningi anjengalawa aqhathaniswa nengaphambili. Ngezansi kwezinga lamakhala, kubusa okumhlophe endaweni ye-vibrissae, kanye ne-chin nomhlathi ophansi.Ebunzini, kwi-nape kanye nomqhele, ungabona iphethini eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eguquguqukayo, eyakheka ngenxa yobukhona bemivimbo emnyama.

Ukwakheka kwemichilo, ububanzi kanye nebanga phakathi kwabo kuncike kuhlobo lwesilwane esiyingxenye yalo mndeni. Kunoma ikuphi, okungenani kunamakhulu amaqembu anjalo emzimbeni womhlaseli. Uma wonke uboya esusiwe esilwaneni, khona-ke iphethini emthende iyavela esikhunjeni somhlaseli, ngakho-ke iphethini izophinda uma wonke uthuthu lukhula.

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

Kungakhathaleki ukuthi yiziphi izingosi ezingaphansi, zonke izingwekazi kuthiwa zingamazimuzombe ezindawo eziphila ngendlela ehlukile, ezizingela endaweni ethile. Bangaba nesakhiwo esisodwa esingamakhilomitha skwele. Le ndawo ihlala ivikelwe ngowesilisa eziqhamuka ezihlotsheni zakhe, futhi ngamawala. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izintokazi eziningana zingahlala endaweni yabesilisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ngenxa yesimo sazo esikhulu, esingabavumeli ukuba baphishekele inyamazane yabo isikhathi eside, amahlosi azingela ekuqasheni, enza umbani ujike ngokushesha. Uma ngasikhathi sinye ebangeni elifushane bekungenakwenzeka ukubamba inyamazane, ihlosi alikulandeli futhi lilungiselela ukubamba inyamazane elandelayo.

Amahlosi azingela ngezindlela ezimbili: angakwazi ukuthubelezela buthuntu aze afike lapho elala. Lapho ibanga phakathi kwehlosi nesilwane lehliswa laba ngamamitha ayi-150, khona-ke inyamazane lenza umlo wayo onqumayo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Ama-Tiger ayakwazi ukweqa aze afike kumamitha ayi-5 ukuphakama futhi okungenani amamitha ayi-10 ubude.

Ukuhlaselwa kwezilwane ezethusayo kushesha kangangokuba isisulu asinalo ithuba lokusindiswa. Asikho isilwane esikwazi ukuthola isivinini esinjalo ngejubane lombani ukubalekela ekuhlaselweni, yize noma ihlosi lingaphuthelwa. Abesilisa babelana kalula nezisulu zabo, kepha ngabesilisa kuphela.

Mangakhi amahlosi

Amahlosi amakhulu e-Amur ayakwazi ukuhlala endle iminyaka engaba ngu-15, kepha ekudingisweni - okuthe xaxa, endaweni ethile ezungeze 20. Amahlosi angama-Bengal aphila cishe kakhulu, yize engahlala ezindaweni ezakhiwe isikhathi esingaba yingxenye yekhulu. Amahlosi angama-Indochinese, amaSumatran namaShayina ahlala endaweni yemvelo aze abe neminyaka eyi-18. Amahlosi aseMalawi ahlala isikhathi eside kunabo bonke emvelweni, cishe nengxenye yekhulu, futhi athunjiwe iminyaka engu-5 ngaphezulu. Vele, lokhu kungenzeka uma nje kwenziwa izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa.

Ama-Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)

Okunamagama amaningi - i-Ussuri tiger, North Chinese, Manchu noma Siberian. Ama-Amur tiger ahlala ikakhulukazi esifundeni sase-Amur, ngaphakathi kwesiFunda samaJuda Autonomous, ezifundeni zasePrimorsky naseKhabarovsk. Kubhekwa njengama-subspecies amakhulu kunawo wonke, onejazi eliwugqinsi nene-fluffy, kanye nejazi elide kakhulu. Umbala unciphile kakhulu, ubomvu, ngenani lemivimbo emnyama.

I-Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)

Okusho okubhalwe kusengaphambili kwezingwe ezihlala emazweni anjengePakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, iMyanmar neBhutan. Amahlosi aseBangal atholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo kulawa mazwe, kokubili ehlathini noma emahlathini, nasezindaweni ezomile zomile. Abesilisa bangathola isisindo esifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-230, nabesifazane - akukho ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-150. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amahlosi ahlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeNdiya naseNepal akhulu kakhulu kunalawo ahlala kwezinye izingxenye ze-Indian subcontinent.

Amahlosi amaShayina (Panthera tigris amoyensis)

Okukhudlwana okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nehlaya laseMalay. Isisindo sabesilisa abadala sifinyelela cishe kumakhilogremu angama-180, ubude bawo bomzimba bube amamitha amabili nesigamu. Lokhu okubhalwe phansi akufani ngokuhlukahluka okukhulu kofuzo.

Izinsalela ezinjengehlosi leBalinese, ihlosi laseTranscaucasian, kanye nehlaya laseJavan zithathwa njengezidlulile emhlabeni, kanti izinsalela zefossil zibandakanya iPanthera tigris acutidens kanye neTrinil tiger.

Iqiniso elihehayo! Njengomphumela wokubhincwa kwe-Amur ne-Bengal subspecies, kwazalwa i-hybrid. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi “ligra” mayelana ne-hybrid eyavela ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwengonyama ne-tigress, kanye nangokuthi “ihlosi” lapho ihlosi nengonyamazana kudalulwa.

Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo

Esikhathini esingengakanani esidlule, amahlosi abhebhetheleka kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Asia.

Kuyinto engafani nesikhathi sethu ukuthi laba abazingeli basinda emazweni ayi-16 omhlaba kuphela:

• ELaos.
• E-Bangladesh.
• E-Republic of the Union yaseMyanmar.
• EBhutan.
• ECambodia.
• KwiRiphabhulikhi Yezenhlalo YeVietnam.
• E-Russia.
• ERiphabhulikhi yaseNdiya.
• E-Islamic Republic of Iran.
• ERiphabhulikhi yase-Indonesia.
• E-China.
• EMalaysia.
• E-Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
• E-Thailand.
• EFederal Democratic Republic yaseNepal.

Njengomthetho, izindawo zemvelo zamahlosi ziyizifunda ezisenyakatho ze-taiga, izindawo ezinamaphawu njengezindawo eziwugwadule, kanye nezindawo ezisehlathini, izindawo ezinotshani ezomile kanye nendawo ezinomswakama.

Iphuzu elibalulekile! Amakati amaningi asendle asaba amanzi, ngakho-ke azama ukugwema imizimba ehlukahlukene yamanzi, noma ngabe ijule kangakanani. Ama-tiger angamazinyane adada kahle futhi ajabulele ukubhukuda kuwo. Ngakho-ke bayasindiswa ezinambuzaneni nasekushiseni.

Ukuze zizingele ngempumelelo futhi zikhiqize kabusha inzalo yazo, amahlosi athanda iminyuka emaweni, enamakhaza amaningi nemigede eyimfihlo. Baphinde bazizwe bekhulu emhlanga nasemhlanga imibhede etholakala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi.

Ukudla Kwangaphambili

Njengoba konke ukukhishwa kwamahlosi kungokwezilwane ezifuywayo ezidliwayo, ukudla kwazo kuqukethe kuphela izinto zokudla zemvelaphi yezilwane. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi ukudla kwezilwane ezinjalo kuncike endaweni, kanye nokutholakala kokuphakelwa kokudla. Uma sithatha ukudla kwe-tial tiger njengesibonelo, ke umthombo oyinhloko wokudla ama-boars asendle, ama-zambars amaNdiya, ama-Nilgau nama-axise. Kepha izingwe zaseSumatran, izisulu zazo eziyinhloko zingulube zasendle, ama-tapirs kanye nezinyamazane zohlobo lwe sambara. Ukudla kwamahlosi e-Amur kufaka phakathi inyamazane, izinyamazane kanye neenyamakazi elibomvu, kufaka phakathi ama-roe deer kanye nezinkukhu zasendle.

Ama-buffaloes amaNdiya, kanye nama-moose, ama-pheasants, ama hares, izinkawu, futhi kwezinye izikhathi izinhlanzi, zingafakwa ekudleni kwezihlosi. Eminyakeni yendlala, lezi zidlova zidla amasele, izinduku ezahlukahlukene nezinye izilwane ezincane, kubandakanya amajikijolo nezithelo zezitshalo ezithile zasendle. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi abantu abadala, uma ithuba livela, bangakwazi ukuhlasela kalula abanye abahlaseli, njengezingwe, izingwenya, izimpisi, ama-boas, kubandakanya amabhere ahlala ngaphakathi kwe-biotope ethile.

E-duel enamabhere kuza abesilisa abanolwazi, okuhlukahluka ngosayizi namandla amakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izimpi ezinjalo zihlala zingalindeleki, ngoba amabhere nawo angawabazingeli abaqinile. Ngokweminye imibiko, amahlosi ahlala ehlasela amawundlovu aseNdiya. Ngakho-ke, ama-zoo alalela kakhulu inqubo yokwenziwa kokudla kwamahlosi. Kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zochwepheshe abavela ku-Yuropaan Association Association.

Kunoma ikuphi, kuyadingeka ukubheka iminyaka yalesi silo, isisindo saso, ubulili kanye nenkathi yonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi ukondliwa kwehlosi kwakuhlukehlukene, ngokufakwa kwenkukhu nenyama yenkomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izondlamzimba kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokufakwa kobisi, amaqanda, inhlanzi, nezinye izinto zokudla ezinomthamo owanele wamaprotheni ekudleni.

Ukuze umhlaseli aneliswe futhi angazizwa elambile, kufanele adle cishe ama-10 kg enyama ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kungahluka, kuya ngeminyaka, ehambisana nosayizi wayo. Ngokuqondene neminye imikhiqizo, inikezwa umhlaseli ngenani elilinganiselwe ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi yezakhi ezizuzisayo. Lapho ihlosi selithunjiwe, ukudla kufanele kufake izithasiselo zamavithamini kanye nokudla okuwusizo ngokubakhona kwamaminerali awusizo angavimbela ukukhula kwama-rickets ezilwaneni.

Izitha zemvelo zamahlosi

Ngokwemvelo, izinyamazane ezinjalo, ezisekupheleni kwepiramidi yokudla, azinazo neze izitha zemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ungumhlaseli oqinile futhi onamandla, okungekho simangazi esingalingana namandla. Inani lamahlosi lincike kwinani eliphelele lama -ululates ahlukene.

Kubalulekile ukwazi! Ama-Tiger awagcini nje ngokudla okuqinile, okusheshayo futhi okunamandla, kepha futhi ahlakaniphile, kanye nobuqili, abakwaziyo ukuhlola amakhono abo. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungenxa yesipiliyoni esikhulu kanye nokuqonda kwezilwane okuthuthuke kakhulu.

Amabhere ansundu kuphela akwazi ukubekezelela amahlosi, kepha kuphela uma ibhere ibhekene nesilo esincane, esingenamava, futhi nalapho ibhere lihlangana namawundlu amancane. Njengomthetho, amahlosi aqine ngaphezu kwamabhere, ngoba ashesha ngokushesha, ngosayizi ofanayo nesisindo somzimba.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Ama-Amur tiger abhalwe ku-Red Book futhi abhekwa njengezinkampani ezincane kunazo zonke. Ngokuqondene nehlosi laseBengal, abantu bakhona babhekwa njengabakhulu emhlabeni. Ensimini yaseMalaysia kungenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zezingulube zase-Indochinese. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi kwenzeke ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezinzima kubazingeli.

Naphezu kwezinyathelo ezisebenzayo, inani eliphelele labantu balesi sikhala lisengozini, elihambisana nemibono yomuthi wasendulo waseShayina, osebenzisa zonke izitho zehlosi ukuphulukisa umuntu. Ihlosi laseMalawi lithatha indawo yesi-3 phakathi kwenani labazidlayo. Ngokuqondene nehlosi laseShayina, lokhu okubhalwe kusengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo lokhu okubhaliwe akwenzeki nhlobo.

Indoda nezingwe

Ama-Tiger maningi amathuba okuthi ahlasele abantu, uma eqhathaniswa namanye amalungu omndeni womndeni wakwaFeline. Imvamisa umuntu kufanele azisole, ngoba uvela lapho ihlosi lizizwa sengathi liyinkosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kokudla, lapho kuhlala amahlosi. Lokhu kuphoqa umhlaseli ukuba avele endaweni yomuntu, eduze nendawo ahlala kuyo.

Njengomthetho, amahlosi angalawuleki amelela abazingeli abodwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezilimele noma ezibuthakathaka ezifuna inyamazane ebuthakathaka, okungumuntu. Umhlaseli osemncane, onempilo, okwazi ukuzitholela ukudla, empeleni akamhlaseli umuntu, kodwa kwezinye izikhathi kungadala ukulimala. Njengamanje, inqobo nje yokuthi inani lezingwe lehlile ngokudabukisayo, akekho obika ngokuhlaselwa kwabantu kwehlosi. Kulokhu, lezi zibalo zingaba nenani elilinganisiwe.

Amazwe amaningi enza isenzo sokubhujiswa kwamahlosi ngabantu. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenxa yomuthi waseChinese, womabili ongewona owesiko nowendabuko, osebenzisa cishe zonke izingxenye zomzimba, kanye nomsila, amadevu, ubuhlalu, ukuphulukisa abantu, kufaka phakathi kusuka ku-drive sex sex. Lokhu futhi kungenxa yokuthi njengamanje azikho izifundo ezenziwayo (futhi ngenxa yalokho azikwazi ukufakazelwa) emkhakheni wokungabaza kwenhloso efanayo yezitho zomzimba wehlosi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kwenqatshelwe ukwenza noma yimuphi umuthi kusuka ezingxenyeni zomzimba zamahlosi. Ukubulawa okungagunyaziwe kwalesi silo kuyajeziswa ngokufa.

Ekugcineni

Imvelo ihlushwa kakhulu yimisebenzi yabantu, ngakho-ke umuntu ukweleta okuningi emvelweni futhi ukuthi kuzokhokha kanjani lokhu kukweleta akukaziwa namuhla. Yize, muva nje, kube nokuthambekela kokunye okumbalwa kwamahlosi ukuze kutholakale abantu bakhona. Ngamanye amagama, amanye amazwe asivikele lesi sidlakudla ngomthetho. Njengomthetho, imithetho enjalo ihlose ukuqeda izimbangela zomthelela omubi womsebenzi womuntu embusweni wezilwane nasemvelweni uwonke. Umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu enanini labazingeli ubangelwa isenzo sabazingeli. Hhayi ngeze, eChina, "amadoda ahlakaniphile" anqume ukwenza imali ngale ndlela, azobhekana nesigwebo sokufa.

Kunezici eziningi ezithokozisayo ezithinta kabi abantu be-tiger emhlabeni. Ubani ongayanga e-zoo? Yebo, cishe bonke babekhona, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oqonda ukuthi kubiza malini ezilwaneni. Kukhona ama-zoo lapho izilwane zigcinwa zisondele kakhulu emvelweni yemvelo, futhi kukhona ama-zoo lapho izilwane zithola ukungajabuli okuphelele kusuka ezimweni zokuboshwa. Kulokhu, ama-zoo anjalo agxile kakhulu ekwenzeni inzuzo, kepha hhayi ezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuboshwa.

Futhi ubani owayengekho esekisini? Kwakukhona abaningi kusekisi futhi bakhumbula kahle ukuthi ukusebenza kwamahlosi aqeqeshiwe kuyiphuzu lokusebenza okunjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akekho noyedwa owabona ukuthi lezi zilwane zake zasuswa emvelweni, mhlawumbe zincane kakhulu, zabaphuca abazali bazo nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo. Futhi manje kusahlala nje ukucabanga ukuthi zingaki ama-zoo akhona emhlabeni, amakhulu nezincane, sina futhi hhayi kakhulu. Futhi mangaki ama-circus troupes akhona emhlabeni? Ukusebenza ngakunye akunakwenza ngaphandle kwamahlosi aqeqeshiwe, nezinye izilwane.

Kunesinye isici esibalulekile, futhi sihlobene nokugcina izilwane zangaphandle ekhaya. Esikhathini sethu, into enjalo isiphenduke indlela engenampilo yokubonisa ukuthi awunayo yonke into efana nabantu, futhi esikhundleni sekati lasekhaya, ihlosi elijwayelekile lihambahamba efulethini noma ekhaya. Mangaki? Yebo, kuningi nje, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi kubantu abangenayo imithetho yabo, kukhona ithuba lokuthola impilo enhle. Ukwenza lokhu, baya ezindaweni zemvelo futhi babambe iqhaza ekubanjweni kwezilwane zasendle futhi lokhu akuhambelani kuphela namahlosi. Ngamanye amagama, izinkinga ezihambisana nokwehla kwenani lamahlosi emhlabeni, futhi ngokwengeziwe ukunyamalala ngokuphelele kwezingqinamba, kuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke engaxazululeka kuphela ngendlela ehlanganisiwe. Ngakho-ke, imithetho eyamukelwa emazweni ngamanye kufanele iphindwe kwamanye amazwe omhlaba, kungakhathalekile ukuthi amahlosi atholakala kuleli noma cha.

Ama-Tiger ayizilwane ezihlukile, agile futhi aqinile. Shono igama elithi "Tiger" lisetshenziselwa inqubo enamandla ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Tiger" wonke umuntu uyakuqonda amandla, isivinini kanye nokuqina, okutholakale kumuntu ojwayelekile.

Amaqiniso weTiger

Kugqanyisiwe Ukubhaliswa okungu-8 kwezihlosi:

1. I-Bengal (Indian) tiger (P.t. tigris): India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, nentshonalanga neMyanmar, Nepal,
2. I-Indochinese tiger (R. t. Corbetti): IKampuchea, iChina, iLaos, iMalaysia, impumalanga yeMyanmar, iThailand, iVietnam,
3. ISumatra Tiger (P. t: sumatrae): ISumatra,
4. I-Amur tiger (P. t. Altaica): iRussia, China, North Korea (idatha engaqinisekiswanga),
5. I-South Chinese tiger (amoy) (R. t. Amoyensis): China,
6. I-Caspian (Guranian) tiger (P. t. Virgata): yake yahlala e-Afghanistan, e-Iran, eRiphabhulikhi yaseTurkmenistan kanye nensimu yaseChina eyayiseduze nayo, eTurkey - manje sekushonile,
7. IJavanese tiger (P. t. Sondaica) - ishabalala,
8. I-Balinese tiger (P. t. Balica) - inyamalala.

Kuthunyelwe eNdiya, Southeast Asia, China, eningizimu mpumalanga yeRussia. Indawo yokuhlala isukela emibhedeni yomhlanga yaseCentral Asia iye emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia kanye namahlathi acashile e-Russian Far East.

Ubude bomzimba benyathi yeduna yaseBengal bungama-2.7-3.1 m, izintokazi 2.4-2.65 m, isisindo sowesilisa ngu-180-258 kg, insikazi 100-160 kg.

Umbala: Imivimbo emnyama ngemuva ebomvu ngemuva emuva nasezinhlangothini, ingxenye engezansi yomzimba imhlophe kakhulu, abesilisa abasekhanda bane "khola" obonakalayo obude obude. Umbala we-Amur tiger ungumbala, ngokushintsha kwesizini ngombala. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhona amahlosi amhlophe anemivimbo ushokolethi.

Into eyinhloko yokudla ingululates enkulu.Bazingela nezilwane ezincane, ezinjengezinkawu, amabheji, kanye nezinhlanzi.

Abesifazane bafinyelela ebusheni ngeminyaka yobudala engama-3-4, abesilisa esikhathini esithile esizayo - eminyakeni engama-4-5, kulokho kudoti kunamawundlu angama-2-3 (kwesinye isikhathi ama-1-7). Isikhathi sokukhulelwa siyizinsuku eziyi-103. Izilwane ezincane ziba nokuzimela eneminyaka eyi-1.5-2 yeminyaka.

Isikhathi sokuphila amahlosi aze afike eminyakeni engu-15 (ekudingisweni kuze kube yiminyaka engama-26).

Idalelwe ukubulala. Ukwakheka nomsebenzi

Isakhiwo sabo bonke abameleli bomndeni wekati ngokufanele silingana nokuzingela kwabo okukhethekile. Basebenza kahle kwezobuciko bokushushiswa okufihlakele, ukuhlasela okumbambele kanye nokubulala izisulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakati zihlukile komunye nomunye ikakhulukazi ngombala wekhati nosayizi. Ama-tiger, njengamanye "amakati amakhulu", ikakhulukazi azingela inyamazane ephakeme kakhulu ngosayizi, abonakala ngemilenze emifushane yangaphambili enemisipha ekhule kahle nezinzipho ezinde ezibukhali, ezingabamba futhi zibambe inyamazane yazo. Isigaxa sifinyeziwe, esithuthukisa umphumela we-lever ngesikhathi somsebenzi emihlathini enamandla. Amahlosi ajwayele ukubulala izilwane ngokulimaza amandla okuchoboza ngemuva kwezintamo zawo, yize kwezinye izimo eshaya inyamazane ngokubamba isigaqa esifile emqaleni wakhe.

Ukuze ukuzingela kuphumelele empumelelweni, ihlosi okokuqala lidinga ukukhasa liseduze nesisulu ngangokunokwenzeka, bese liqonda ngqo ekuphakameni kwalo okugcwele bese ligijimela ekuhlaselweni, linqobele ibanga elisele ngokuxhuma okuningi okunamandla. Imvamisa, ihlosi lihlasela lisuka ngemuva, lizama ukubambelela ehlombe lesisulu salo, entanyeni noma emuva. Ukuhlaselwa okuyishumi noma ngisho namashumi amabili kuyaphumelela.

Lawa makati abukeka emangalisa ngendlela engajwayelekile: ijazi lawo le-orange-ginger elinombala omhlophe lihlotshiswe ngemicu emnyama, ukugqama kombala kulele eqinisweni lokuthi ihlosi ngalinye lingakhonjwa ngokuhleleka kwalo okuhlukile. Amahlosi amhlophe, amelwe kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlanza izilwane (imivimbo eseboyeni babo imvamisa itshokolethi ngombala, ngakho-ke akunakubhekwa njengama-albino aphelele) aqhamuka kuMohan, ihlosi lesilisa laseBengal elibanjwe yiMaharajas yaseReva County eNdiya (manje eyiMadhya Pradesh). Yize imibala yamahlosi ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zobubanzi ihluke ngandlela thile (abameleli babantu abahlala emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia baba mnyama), ukuhlelwa okuqondile komugqa, okuyisici sazo zonke izizinda ezingaphansi, kunikeza la makati ngokufihla okuhle.

Izindawo zokuhlala ze-Tiger. Ukubhebhetheka

Ukudlalwa kwelanga lokukhanya kwelanga kanye nokunyakaza okuqhubekayo kwemithunzi yami ebuswa ngotshani abade, izihlahlana nezihlahla kunikeza amahlosi ithuba lokugoba angabinakho. Kungahle kube yilesi sici semvelo esivame kuma-biotopes amaningi ahlukahlukene lapho ihlosi likhona lapho lachuma khona njengenhlobo. Uhla lwakhona luhlanganisa amahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo aseSunda Islands, utshani obude nezikhukhula zasenyakatho neNdiya neNepal, izihlahla ezihlanganayo ezihlanzekile, ezomile nezomile zaseThailand, izixhaphozi zaseSundarban, kanye namahlathi anezindawo ezishisayo nezisezingeni eliphakeme laseRussia Far East, muva nje, ihlosi lihlala kulo. imibhede yomhlanga, ama-tugai kanye namahlathi asezintabeni esifundeni seCaspian.

Ihlosi elihlaselayo ekugxumeni lingasebenza ngokuphelele njengophawu lwamandla nokushesha, okuyisibonelo somzingeli omuhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngenkathi ifuna inyamazane noma ihambahamba endaweni yayo, ihlosi liyakwazi ukumboza amabanga nsuku zonke afinyelela ku-10 - 20 km.

Isici esiyinhloko sezindawo zokuhlala zamahlosi ukuba khona kwezimila eziminyene, izilwane ezizisebenzisa ngobuciko, zicashe kulo ngaphambi kokuqala ukweba inyamazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zidinga imithombo yamanzi, ebalulekile ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo, kanti nobuningi bezinkungu ezinkulu zabantu ezingabumbile iyisisulu esikhulu salaba bantu abazingelayo. Ukusatshalaliswa kwamahlosi, kanye nezici eziningi zokuziphatha kwazo kanye nokwakheka kwezenhlalo kunqunywa ikakhulu ngobuningi bezinhlobo ezakha isisekelo sokudla - inyamazane, izinqolobane nezingulube.

Ukugcina ukuxhumana kude. Ukuziphatha komphakathi amahlosi

Ngokungafani namabhubesi nokuzingela kokuzingela ezindaweni ezivulekile, ihlosi lintshontsha inyamazane futhi lihlasele lapho lifika, ngakho-ke ukuzingela kuphela, njengomthetho, kusebenza kakhulu kulo. Ezindaweni ezinotshani obuminyene, lapho izisulu zihlakazeka khona ezindaweni ezinkulu, izinzuzo zokuzingela ndawonye ziyancishiswa. Ngakho-ke, inhlangano yezenhlalo yamahlosi ayifaneki nokuphila emphakathini; lezi zilwane zigcina ukuxhumana kube kude.

Ukulandelelwa komsakazo eNepal, eNdiya naseRussia kubonise ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bahlala ezindaweni ezithile, abazivikela kwamanye amahlosi wobulili obufanayo. Abesifazane bahlala ezindaweni ezincane, futhi ukukhetha kwabo kunqunywa ngokuba khona kwemithombo yokudla namanzi edingekayo ukuze i-tigress iphile futhi ikhulise inzalo. Abesilisa bazama ukuthatha ngaphansi kokulawula kwabo futhi bavikele inani eliphakeme kakhulu lezingxenye ngazinye zabantu besifazane.

Ubungako bendawo ngayinye buxhomekeke kumandla nokulwa kwezimpawu zabesilisa abaphakathi kwazo. Imvamisa, owesilisa okwazi ukuvikela insimu yakhe ekuhlaselweni ngamanye amahlosi unamalungelo akhethekile wokushada nabo bonke abantu besifazane abazindawo zabo zisezandleni zabo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukubonakaliswa kwendawo kuwuphawu lwazo zonke izingwe, ubukhulu bezindawo ngokwazo buxhomeke ekujuleni kwezilwane lapho izinyamazane zizingela khona. ENepal naseNdiya, ezihlukaniswa yisibalo esiphakeme kakhulu sabantu abangabonakali, indawo yendawo yabantu besifazane isilinganiso esingamamitha-skwele angama-20. km, ngenkathi kuseMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia, lapho inani labantu abangatholakali liphansi kakhulu, indawo yendawo ngayinye ingafinyelela amamitha-skwele angama-470. km Ama-stray tiger - ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincane, ezineminyaka yobudala bazo zisondele ekuvuthweni, zivame ukuthola indawo yazo - zinqamule izindawo ezisetshenzisiwe futhi zihamba ngemingcele yazo zilindele ithuba lokungena ezimpahleni zabanye abantu.

Owesilisa angabona isimo sokuzala sowesifazane ngephunga lamamaki abo. Ukuhlwitha, ihlosi liphakamisa ikhanda, futhi ubuso baso buhlanekezelwa luhlobo lwegrimace, olubizwa ngokuthi "flemen" - ngenkathi izindebe zesilwane zidonswa ngokuqinile ngaphakathi futhi umlomo wazo uvuleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezinephunga zifinyelela kalula ezithweni ezihambisanayo zesitho sikaJacobson, ezihlaziya kanyekanye iphunga futhi ukunambitha.

Ukuvikelwa kwesiza esithile kugcwala izingozi ezinkulu: noma ngabe ngemuva kokuphumelela ekulweni, ihlosi lingalimala kakhulu, okuzomphuca amandla akhe okuzingela. Akumangazi ukuthi amahlosi azama ukwazisa umphikisi ngokuba khona kwawo kusengaphambili ukuze agweme ukushayisana ngokuqondile. Bafafaza izihlahla, izihlahla nezindawo ezinamadwala ngomchamo ohlanganiswe nezimfihlo zezinduna zezinduna, futhi bashiye amamaki ngendlela yokugcwala nezikhuhla ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zensimu yabo, besebenzisa imigwaqo, imizila nezinye izindawo ezivelele zalokhu. Impela, izimpawu ezinjalo zokuhlonza zibonwa omakhelwane namahlosi asemzini njengophawu lokuthi “indawo imatasatasa,” yize kungenzeka ukuthi baphathe eminye imininingwane, ikakhulukazi, umehluko phakathi kwezilwane.

Ama-Tiger avuthwa ngokobudala beminyaka engama-3-5, noma kunjalo, kuthatha isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuthola insimu yawo futhi alungiselele ukuzalaniswa. Ukuhlangana kungavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, ngisho nasebusika. Abesifazane e-oestrus bazisa abesilisa ngalokhu ngalokhu ngosizo lokubhonga njalo kanye nephunga elisebenzayo lendawo. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, okuthatha izinsuku ezingama-103, isilinganiso samakheli amabili noma amathathu angaboni, azalwe esifazane. Okungenani phakathi nenyanga yokuqala, amawundlu adla ubisi lukamama, kanti i-tigress iwagcina emgodini lapho azalelwa khona, noma awudlulisele kwezinye izindawo, ebamba amazinyo awo ngobumnene.

Ezindaweni ezishisayo, amahlosi angachitha iningi losuku eduze kwemifula nezinye izidumbu zamanzi, imvamisa ame noma alala emanzini ukuze apholile. Ama-tiger angabhukudi abanamakhono, kwesinye isikhathi bawela kalula imifula i-7-8 km ububanzi.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-1-2, amawundlu aqala ukulandela umama ekuzingeleni, ebambe ngemuva kwakhe. Amawundlu kuphela anezinyanga eziyisithupha aqala ukufunda ukulandela umkhondo, ukweba nokubulala isisulu. Abesilisa ababambiqhaza ekukhulisweni kwamawundlu, yize kwesinye isikhathi bejoyina umndeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi bahlanganyela ngisho nokuphanga kwabo nge-tigress namawundlu akhe.

Amawundlu ancike kunina kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-15, emva kwalokho ahlala kancane kancane.

Ama-Tiger nabantu

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu namahlosi abulula. Abantu abavela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, behlatshwa umxhwele ngobukhulu benyathi, bafuna ukusindisa lezi zilwane ekuqothulweni okusongela zona. Izakhamizi zamazwe lapho kuhlala khona amahlosi zizama ukuthola ukulingana phakathi kokugcwalisa izidingo zazo - futhi kwesinye isikhathi zisindisa izimpilo zazo - nokuxazulula inkinga yokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo. Uma kungekho okuphangiweyo okungokwemvelo, amahlosi aqala ukuzingela imfuyo. Ukuphanga okunjalo kuvame ukwenziwa noma kube ngabantu abasha abaphinde baphila kabusha, noma ngabadala, abalimele, noma ababuthaka emzimbeni, abaxoshwa endaweni yabo yizilwane ezisencane neziqinile. Ngokujwayelekile, nakuba, ngeshwa, namanje kaningi, amahlosi abulala abantu.

Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko ezenza ukuthi amahlosi abe izidakamizwa: ukulimala, ukuguga kanye nendlala. Kwenzeka, noma kungenqabile, ukuthi amawundlu amukela umkhuba wokungena komoya kumanina. ENdiya, amahlosi, lapho aqaphele isidalwa esiphilayo esisuka ngemuva (umuntu ogogekile lapho eqoqa izinkuni), aqaphela sekwedlule isikhathi ukuthi into ehlaselwe kuyo yayingumuntu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukushaya kanyekanye kuvame ukubulala, kanti ihlosi lingadli inyamazane yalo, lishiya lapho kubulawa khona. Kwezinye izimo, umuntu uhlangabezana nengozi enamazinyane noma ihlosi eduze kwento ebulewe bese efa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa okubangelwa yisazela sabazali noma ukuzama ukuvikela inyamazane yakhe endaweni yayo. Isizathu sesithathu esivamile sokuthi amahlosi ahlasela abantu ukuzama ukuxosha umuntu kude nezisulu ezingaba khona: izinyamazane zibulala abelusi bezama ukuvikela umhlambi wazo.

Indawo eyodwa kuphela eMhlabeni lapho ukugcwala kwamahlosi sekuyinto evamile kakhulu. Le ndawo iSundarban Tiger Reserve, etholakala eGanges River Delta. I-biotope yaseSundarban yemvelo reservation ihlukile ngokuphelele, ngoba imelelwa amahlathi ama mangrove. Amahlosi ahlala lapha awazizwa esaba abantu; lokhu mhlawumbe kungenxa yomlando wokuthi iSundarban ukuphela kwendawo yaseNdiya lapho kungakaze kube khona umdlalo wokuzingela amahlosi.

Indaba edabukisayo yokubhujiswa kwamahlosi

Kwezinsizakalo eziyisishiyagalombili eziqashelwayo zehlosi, ezintathu zezincane kakhulu futhi ezikhethekile kakhulu sezivele zaphela. I-Bali tiger yaba yeyokuqala ukunyamalala emhlabeni wethu (umbiko wokugcina onokwethenjelwa wokubhekwa kwezingwe zeBali zaqala ngo-1939), kwalandelwa ama-Turan and Javan tiger, agcina ukubonwa ngo-1968 nango-1979, ngokulandelana. Manje sekusondele ukuqothulwa izingwe zaseNingizimu China. Amahlosi ezinsalela ezisasele nawo abhekene nengozi enkulu yokuqothulwa ebusweni bomhlaba.

Amahlosi aphilayo manje asongelwa yizingozi ezintathu eziphambili: ukuzingela okuqondile, ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nokudangala kokuhlinzekwa kokudla. Ukulimala okukhulu kwezidlamlilo zezinyamazane kubangelwa isidingo esandayo samathambo amahlosi, okubangelwa izidingo zemakethe yemithi yendabuko yasempumalanga, kanye nokukhishwa kwamahlosi ngezikhumba zazo, okuheha abathanda izithiyo zokuzingela. Imizamo yokucindezela ukuhweba okungekho emthethweni ithele imiphumela emihle, kepha ubukhulu bayo busabonakala kakhulu.

Imikhuba yezilwane ezinjengezingwe ihlamba ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebenzi yabantu futhi zihlukane zibe yizicucu, ngenxa yokwanda kwesibalo sabantu. Lapho amahlosi ezinhlwathi azithola edwengulwe abe yizicucu ezihlukile phakathi kobubanzi obudlule, ama-ego athungela izilwane ukuba azihlukanise futhi anciphise amanani, okugcina kuwasondeza engcupheni yokuqothulwa kusuka emvelweni.

Kodwa noma ngabe izindawo ezihlala kuzo amahlosi zivikelekile, abahlaseli badinga ukudla okuningana. Ukwehla kwenani lama-ungulates sekuvele kushiye izindawo eziningi zase-Asia ngaphandle kwamahlosi, okuthi kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela kulungele laba bantu abazingelayo. Ukuqiniswa kokulawulwa kokudutshulwa kwabantu abangahambi ezindaweni ezinjalo, kuhlanganiswe nokwenqatshelwa kwanoma yikuphi ukuzingela ezindaweni zokuvikela imvelo, ngokungangabazeki kuzozuzisa abantu kanye namahlosi.

Ekugcineni, amahlosi angaphila kuphela uma inani lendawo linentshisekelo ngokulondolozwa nokuvikelwa kwalo. Abantu abahlala ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zekati bayibona njengengxenye engenakugwenywa, kodwa edingekayo yemvelo.