Emahlathini ase-Amazonia, ososayensi bathole inyoni ekwazi ukumemeza kalula phansi indiza. I-ringer ene-single-beled "izocula" nabandulelayo bayo, ingqwele phakathi kwezinyoni ezinomsindo omkhulu - isikebhe esikhulu esinamandla. Umsindo we-ringer wawunamakhompiyutha ayi-9 aqine kunephimbo, imibiko ye-tvbrics.com ibhekiswa ku-nplus1.ru.

Irekhodi lika-ringer laqinisekiswa ngokomqondo yisazi sezilwane saseMelika uJeffrey Podos. Yena, kanye nesoka lakhe laseBrazil, uMario Con-Havt, baya emahlathini ase-Amazon bayoqhathanisa ukucula nesihlobo sakhe, i-bell-ringer enezintambo. Ngendlela, ososayensi babenezinsolo zokuthi ukukhahlela kwakungeyona ingqwele, manje kunobufakazi.

I-Ornithologists ilinganise ivolumu ye-birdong isebenzisa imitha yezinga lomsindo. Futhi i-ringer ithole izinhlobo ezimbili zezingoma: enye evame ukwanda, ukuphakama kwayo kuyafana nokwe-piha (108 no-116 dB, ngokulandelana). Kepha owesibili, owenzeka cishe kanye kwabayisithupha, ukhulu kakhulu: isilinganiso se-12 dB, kanye ne-125 dB ephezulu.

Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imisindo, umthamo ojwayelekile we-lawn mower yi-90 dB, kanti injini ye-jet yendiza ingu-dB ayi-120. Umphumela wenza insimbi eyodwa yaswallger inyoni enkulu kakhulu manje eyaziwa emhlabeni.

Ngabe i-ringer ikwazi kanjani ukucula ngalawo mandla? Ososayensi baveze ukuthi yonke le nto isesakhiweni sempahla yakhe yomlomo: yena, njengezinyoni eziningi ezivela emndenini owodwa wokufaka amakhodi, unomlomo obanzi kakhulu. Futhi yilokhu ngqo okumsiza ukuthi angagcini nje ngokudla izithelo ezinkulu, kodwa futhi kunomthelela esivinini sokucula: i-ringer yensimbi iginya isivinini esikhulu somoya futhi ivele isikhuphe ngaphandle.

Ososayensi bathole into eyodwa: umthamo we-ringer uhambisana nesikhathi sesiginali. Iziqobelo ezinkulu kakhulu zimfushane kunokujwayelekile, i-ringer itela isikhathi sengoma ngenxa yevolumu. Futhi ngakho-ke "i-rumble" i-ringer kuphela yowesifazane. Bacula ebusweni besifazane, bezama ukwandisa amathuba okubonwa.

Izintokazi ezinezinye izikhathi kwesinye isikhathi ziye ngisho nokukhonkotha amamitha ambalwa kumanenekazi, futhi nevolumu yengoma yabesilisa, ngokusho kososayensi, ingakusongela ngokungezwa kwayo.

Imibuzo ebalulekile yokunakekela

- Ingabe izimbotshana zidinga ukugonywa?
Uthi, “Izinhlwathi azikutholi ukugonywa kodokotela bezilwane. U-Oleg Rosenberg, onguthisha eVeterinary and Zoology Circle e-Little Academy of Science. - Uma inyoni ihlala emakhejini evulekile futhi ixhumana nezinyoni zasendle, khona lapho ekhemisi udinga ukuthenga umuthi wokugomela isifo seNewcastle. Thatha umthamo owodwa, engeza inyoni emanzini. Umuthi wokugoma kufanele unikezwe kanye ngonyaka. Uma upholi ehlala efulethini, ukugoma akudingeki.

Ehlobo, beka le nyoni nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-20 elangeni eliqondile, lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela ama-rickets avela ekuntuleni kwe-Vitamin D.

- Ungazondla kanjani izinyoni?
- Ama-parrots adla ngokudla okukhethekile, okuthengiswa ezitolo zezilwane. Ngokuqondene ne-goodies, yonke into iyodwa lapha, udinga ukuzama izinketho ezahlukene futhi ubone ukuthi yikuphi okuthandayo kakhulu. Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezincane, ezinye zithanda imbewu, ezinye zinjengezithelo nezithelo ezomisiwe, izinhlobo ezinkulu zezithelo ezinama-adore walnuts nezithelo.

Ukuze upholi uhlale isikhathi eside ezinkanjini, ulethe amagatsha esihlahla sezithelo (ama-cherries, ama-cherries, amaplamu) ngama-buds angazange aphathwe ngamakhemikhali nezinso. Amapharothi ayogunda ezinsweni nakumaxolo agaye ugologo lwawo.

- Hlobo luni lwamanzi engingalunika?
- Okujwayelekile okubilisiwe.

- Ngabe udinga isikhathi esingakanani ukusinika inyoni?
“Okungenani ihora ngosuku.” Uma unezinyoni eziningana, khona-ke ngayinye yazo idinga ukuxhumana ngokwahlukana. Parrots izinyoni zenhlalo. Uma ungachithi isikhathi nabo, futhi unabo kuphela, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa omunye umuntu emndenini, isilwane sakho singagula.

- Kungenzeka yini ukuthola iphalishi uma ikati selivele lihlala ekhaya?
- Uma uvumela upholi omncane ukundiza, khona-ke kuzoba umgomo wekati. Okuhlukile uma bekhula bendawonye. Kulokhu, ikati lizobona i-budgie efanayo nengaphakathi lekhaya. Ikati ngeke liphuthume kuma-parrots amakhulu (i-jaco, amazon), ngoba mikhulu futhi ingakuluma kabuhlungu.

- Ingabe ngidinga ukugeza upholi nokuthi ungabanakekela kanjani?
- Ukugeza ngamandla ipholiji akudingekile. Faka ukugeza emgedeni, kuthi lapho inyoni ifuna, bese ugeza. Izimpaphe zidinga ukusika imisebe yazo. Lokhu kungenziwa wedwa ekhaya. Thenga i-clipper, isikelo esijwayelekile ngeke sisebenze, bese ubuka tutorials yevidiyo embalwa kwi-Intanethi. Kubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi udinga yiphi i-angle ukusika izilenge.

- Ungayithatha kanjani ikheji?
- Ikheji kumele libanzi ukuze umpholi akwazi ukundizela kuwo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi okungenani inyoni yenze kusuka ekuhlaselweni (indawo lapho izohlala khona) kuya ekushayelweni kwamaphiko ama-4 amaphiko. Kulokhu, izicubu zephiko zizosebenza kahle, upholi uzokwazi ukukhululeka nawe.

Amapharothi amakhulu, anjengeJaco noma ama-Amazons, udinga isikhala esithe xaxa. I-aviary yokulinganisa mayelana nemitha ngamamitha ukusuka phansi kuya ophahleni kufanelekile kubo.

- Ingabe ngidinga ukukhipha upholi undize endlini?
- Iphrotheni akufanele indize efulethini ngaso sonke isikhathi. Emacaleni angama-90%, ukufa kwalezi zinyoni kungenxa yokuthi adedelwa yizihambi. Ama-parrots awazuli ezweni, endiza ephuma ezinkanjini, alahleka ngokushesha. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokukhipha, vala amafasitela egumbini elinamakhethini. Parrots zivame ukushaya ingilazi ngokumelene nokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, upholi angahlala emnyango, futhi uma uvala ngenxa yokusalungiswa, inyoni izocindezela ama-paws ayo - ibheke ukuthi ilahlekile. Ekugcineni, isilwane sakho singandiza siye ekhishini, singene kwisobho elibilayo noma usawoti we-peck ngenxa yokulangazelela, futhi ubuthi bezinyoni.

Zilungiselele iqiniso lokuthi amapharothi azama konke okuqhwaku lwawo: azogaya isithombe sangemuva, izinto zokuhlobisa, izintambo.

- Yini engesabisa upholi?
- Akunasizathu sokuthi kufanele ubambe ama-paws akhe, ungamvumeli ukuthi athuthe. Inyoni ingafa ngokwesaba. Ukuze indiza enezinwele kuyinto ejwayelekile, yemvelo. Isimbotshana kumele sizwe ukuthi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi singandiza sisuke ebungozini. Uma ingasebenzi, i-adrenaline rush ivela, futhi inhliziyo ayimelani.

Uma ipholiji indiza futhi ngokungazelele ihlale ehlombe lakho noma iklabile, ungashintshi. Awukwazi ukushaya ihlombe, gazinga izingalo zakho. Lokhu kuthathwa njengobudlova futhi kungasabisa isilwane.

Izindawo eziphakeme. Amarekhodi ezilwane. Amarekhodi ezinyoni

Izinyoni ziyizidalwa ezithakazelisa kakhulu, zihluke ngokumangalisayo kuzo zonke ezinye izilwane, futhi kwesinye kwesinye. Ezinye izinyoni zichitha cishe impilo yazo yonke emoyeni, ezesibili zivame ukwehliswa amaphiko nezimpaphe futhi zingavele zigijime emhlabathini, kanti ezinye zithanda kuphela amanzi.

Inyoni enkulu

Lokhu, kusobala, kuyintethe. Ukukhula kwabantu abakhulu kunayo yonke yezintshebe zase-Afrika kufinyelela kumamitha angama-2,80, enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-170.

Inyoni encane kunazo zonke

Leli rekhodi lingele-hummingbird. I-hummingbird encane kunazo zonke inesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-1.5 kuphela ubude bomzimba wamasentimitha ayi-5.

Inyoni endizayo esheshayo

Phakathi kwezinyoni ezindizayo, i-peregrine falcon imane nje ayinakuqhathaniswa. Ebangeni eliqondile, i-peregrine Falcon iyakwazi ukushesha ifinyelele ku-200 km / h, kuthi endaweni okuthiwa ibizwa nge-diving ngesikhathi sokuzingela, inyamazane enezinwele iba nesivinini esifinyelela ku-325 km / h. Ngendlela, i-peregrine falcon akuyona nje inyoni esheshayo, kepha futhi iyisilwane esisheshayo emhlabeni.

Inyoni egijima kakhulu
Cishe akuyona imfihlo ukuthi izintshe zingabagijimi abahamba phambili phakathi kwazo zonke izinyoni. Bayakwazi ukugijima ngejubane elingama-80 km / h. Ngalesi sikhathi, isinyathelo sezinyosi singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-8 ubude.

Inyoni ebindayo kunazo zonke
Lapha, indawo yokuqala phakathi kwabo yabiwa yisichichima esikhulu sase-Afrika kanye ne-duduk. Ngokumangazayo, lezi zinyoni zinesisindo esingu-18-20 kg.

Inyoni ende kunazo zonke ezaphila

I-cockatoo enkulu ephuzi ephuziwe ihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-80. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila sale parrot singaba yiminyaka eyi-100 noma ngaphezulu.

Umbono obukhali kakhulu
IPeregrine Falcon irekhodi lesibili. Le nyoni inombono omuhle kangangokuba ikwazi ukubona igundane ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-8.

Iphiko elikhulu kunawo wonke

I-albatross ezulazulayo, lesi sibalo ngamamitha angu-3,6. I-Andean Condor - umphikisi womndeni we-falcon - 3 amamitha angu-20 amasentimitha amancane amancane.

Umlomo omude kakhulu

I-beak hummingbird enoqhwaku olude kakhulu maqondana nosayizi womzimba. Ubude bomlomo wale nyoni encane bungafinyelela ku-10 cm, ubude bube ngu-15 cm, i.e. uqhwaku lwe-hummingbird ekhokhiswa inyama ubude buwuphindwe ka-2 umzimba kunomzimba.

Indiza ephezulu kakhulu

Lapha empeleni kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi ngubani iqhawe langempela kule pharamitha. Ezimweni ezaziwa kahle, indawo yokuqala ingeye-Rippel Vulture, le nyoni indize endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha angaphezu kwayi-11.

Inyoni emnyama kakhulu

UCuba Todi udla izinambuzane eziyizinkulungwane eziningana ngosuku, osisindo sazo cishe singama-60-65% esisindo sale nyoni uqobo.

Inyoni endiza ngokushesha noma isibalo esiphezulu semivimbo ngomzuzu
I-amazilia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enye inyoni ephuka amarekhodi, yenza amaphiko angama-80 ngomzuzwana.

Inyoni ehamba phambili ehamba phambili

Amapengu kukhona ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu emhlabeni wezinyoni. I-Emperor penguin igqame ngokuqina kunezinye izinhlobo - ibhukuda ngejubane elingama-36 km / h, nokuthi jikelele ingakwazi ukungena emanzini ngokujule cishe ngamamitha ayi-500.

Inyoni eqina kakhulu

Idada lobumbano liyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angama-110 degrees Celsius. Lokhu kwenza kungabi yilungu elihlala njalo lomndeni onezinwele, kepha futhi nesilwane esikhuthazela kakhulu sonke.

Inyoni ezwakala kakhulu

Ipigogo laseNdiya likhala kakhulu (futhi futhi kubi) kangangokuba liyezwakala ngamakhilomitha ambalwa.

Izimpawu zangaphandle zecascade enkulu

IGrand Kiskad ingenye yezingcweti ezaziwa kakhulu zaseBrazil. Amanye amagama alo aziwa njenge-P. sulphuratus, kiskadees, kanye ne-Derby flycatcher. Ubude benyoni bungama-21-16 cm, amaphiko - 13 cm, umsila 8.

Izimpaphe zincanyana futhi zilukhuni. Umbala we-plumage ohlangothini olungaphezulu lomzimba unombala onsundu ngombala obomvu ngombala obomvu. Ama-crest kanye nengaphansi komzimba aphuzi wesibabule. Amashiya, ibunzi, umphimbo kanye phambi kwentamo kumhlophe. I-frenum, ingxenye engezansi yezihlathi imnyama, yonke eminye imiqhele ekhanda imnyama.

Izimpaphe ezinamaphiko, izembozo zephiko nezimpaphe zomsila ezinomngcele obomvu ovuthayo. Izinyoni ezincane zipendwe lula, zinomqhele omnyama nomucu obomvu okugqwala obomvu ezinsibaleni zamaphiko kanye nomsila.

Le nyoni inobuhlakani obude obujwayelekile, kunalokho iphakeme cishe ngesimo esime kahle. Uqhwaku luyindilinga, lube nesicoco esikhulu nezinyo elincanyana, elibukhali ekugcineni. Imilenze iqinile, iqinile.

I-Big Kiskad (Pitangus sulphuratus).

Izimpiko zinde, nomsila onothile omncane. Iminwe imidlwane emide, egobeke ngesikela. Amabhande ayabonakala azungeze uqhwaku.

Ukusakazeka kwe-kiskad enkulu

I-kiskad enkulu ihlala empumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlobo itholakala eSouth America naseCentral Argentina. Ihlala eGuiana, enyakatho yeBrazil kanye neTrinidad.

Izidleke ezinkulu ze-pitanga zisuka eningizimu eTexas naseMexico ziye e-Argentina.

I-Habitat ye-kiskad enkulu

I-kiskad enkulu ihlala phakathi kwamasimu avulekile ahlangana namathanga ezihlahla, emaphethelweni ehlathi, ezindaweni zokuhlala, nasemadlelo ezilwane.

Izinyoni zihlala nezinto eziphakemeyo: isihlahla esinesizungu, umuthi, itshe eliphakeme, ibhloko lobumba. Lesi sikhundla siyadingeka ukubheka inyamazane.

Ezindaweni ezishisayo, zigwema amahlathi aqinile futhi zihlala eduze kwamanzi.

Lalela izwi likamaskandi omkhulu

I-kiskad enkulu ihlala ixabana nabanye abantu bohlobo lwayo. Emvelweni, i-kiskad enkulu ikhathazekile ngokwesaba umhlaseli oyingozi - i-coral asp futhi izama ngazo zonke izindlela ukugwema ukuthintana nalenyoka. Izinyoni zihlala kude nakho konke okufana nombala wesembozo salokhu okuphilayo.

I-kiskad enkulu iyindiza enkulu futhi ekhanyayo i-flycatcher.

Noma yinduku yokhuni edwetshwe ngemivimbo ophuzi nobomvu. Lokhu kusabela ngokwemvelo kuyaqondakala: izinyoni zigwema ukushayisana nenyoka eyingozi futhi zikhathazeke ngenzalo yazo. Uma kungekho ingozi, ama-kiskadas amakhulu ahlala emagatsheni ezihlahla zezihlahla ngaphezulu kwamanzi, izimpaphe ezihlanzekile abheke izinambuzane.

Umsoco weCascade

I-kiskad enkulu inyoni emnandi. Imvamisa ingena emanzini ukuze ibambe inhlanzi, i-tadpole noma isele. Ngemuva kokushona okungu-3 noma u-4, kufanele amise iplamu lakhe elangeni. Ngemuva kwalokho i-kiskad enkulu ishintsha ukubamba iminyovu, izimbungulu nezinye izinambuzane.

Kodwa-ke, lapho izinto zokuzingela ziba limited ebusika, i-kiskad enkulu idla imbewu, izithelo namajikijolo.

Ukudla kuphinda kugcwaliswe ngezimbungulu, amagundane namachwane. I-kiskad enkulu izingela lokhu inyamazane iphuma ekubukeni kwayo, indizela isisulu okuhlosiwe, ngokuzethemba okumangazayo, ibambe ngisho nesinambuzane esisheshayo, ibuyela ekuthumeni kwayo futhi idle inyamazane lapho.

Ukuziphatha kokukhwelana komdlalo omkhulu

Ngesikhathi sokuzala, i-kiskad enkulu iheha insikazi ngokundiza kwayo okuhle. Indiza phambi komlingani, ikhombisa ubuciko bayo bendiza. Owesilisa naye udlala umlingisi, uhlala ememeza, emema intombi yakhe ukuthi izoshada.

Ngokuvamile i-kiskad ingena emanzini ukuze ibambe inhlanzi, i-tadpole noma isele.

I-Nesting Big Cascade

Ama-kiskadas amakhulu akha isidleke esinekhono. Inokubonakala kwesixhaxha esikhulu sombundu obukhulu, omkhulu, nxazonke, amaqabunga, isiqu nezimpaphe. Ugqoko luboshwe ngezinto ezithambile: uvolo, phansi, izimpaphe.

Ukubekwa kwecascade enkulu kuvame ukuba namaqanda ama-3-4 wombala oluhlaza okotshani onamabala amnyama namabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, asendaweni emnyama ekugcineni.

I-kiskad enkulu ngesikhathi sokufakwayo iba namandla futhi ibe nolaka kunakuqala. Eduzane nesidleke sakhe, ungumashiqela weqiniso, oqapha inzalo yakhe. Inzalo idliswa ndawonye ngowesifazane nowesilisa.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.