Inkawu kaNosy noma i-kahau, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi,, ingeyomndeni wezinkawu. Lezi zinkawu eziyingqayizivele zingezokulandelana kwezinduna. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okukhethekile, bahlukaniswe kuhlobo oluhlukile futhi baba nohlobo olulodwa.

Incazelo Nezici

Isici esiphawuleka kunazo zonke zezinhlaka yempumulo yaso enkulu, efinyelela cishe ku-10 cm ubude, kodwa leli lungelo lisebenza kuphela kwabesilisa. Kwabesifazane, ikhala alincane nje kuphela, kodwa futhi linesimo esihlukile ngokuphelele. Kunjengokungathi kuvulwe kancane.

Izinsizwa ezincane, kungakhathalekile ubulili, zinamakhala amancane acocekile, njengawomama. Emadodeni amancane, amakhala akhula kancane futhi afinyelele osayizi abahlaba umxhwele lapho esekhulile.

Inhloso yesici esijabulisayo eKachau ayaziwa nakanjani. Kungenzeka ukuthi lapho likhula kakhulu ikhala lowesilisa, izintokazi zakhona zikhanga kakhudlwana abesifazane futhi zijabulele okuhle okuphakelayo.

Amakhala enduna anesisindo esiphindwe kabili kunabesifazane

Ijazi eliminyene nelifushane lezinkawu-zangasemuva linephalethi elinombala obomvu ngombala ophuzi, owolintshi kanye namabala ansundu, esiswini - okumpunga okukhanyayo noma okumhlophe. Ebusweni benkawu akukho boya nhlobo, isikhumba sibomvu ngokuphuzi, kanti nezingane zinombala onsundu.

Amawashi ekhale ngeminwe ebambe amade kakhulu futhi mncane, abukeka engahlukile, ahlobene nomzimba. Zimbozwe izinwele ezimhlophe ezingcolile. Umsila ulula futhi uqine, inqobo nje uma kunomzimba, kepha isimangalo cishe asikaze sisisebenzise, ​​yingakho ukuguquguquka komsila kungakhuli kahle, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nemisila yezinye izinhlobo zezinkawu.

Ngaphezu kwempumulo, isici esiyingqayizivele kwabesilisa kuyinto eyindilinga enesikhumba egoqa intamo yayo, embozwe izinwele ezinde, eziminyene. Kubukeka njengekhola. Umuthi omnyama omangalisayo okhula eceleni kwegede nawo uthi phambi kwethu indoda yakhala owesilisa.

AmaKachau ahlukaniswa yizisu zawo ezinkulu, okuthi, ngokufaniswa nezabantu, zibizwe ngamahlaya ngokuthi "izindlu zikabhiya." Leli qiniso lichazwa kalula. Umndeni wezinkawu ezinomzimba omncane ikhala elijwayelekile eyaziwa ngezisu zayo ezinkulu ezinamagciwane amaningi azuzisayo kuzo.

La mabhaktheriya anomthelela ekuwohlokeni ngokushesha kwefayibha, esiza isilwane ekutholeni amandla ekudleni kwamakhambi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagciwane azuzayo enza ubuthi buthize, kanti ama-nosaschi angadla izitshalo okudla kwazo kuyingozi kwezinye izilwane.

Ngokuphathelene nezinye izinhlobo zezinkawu, i-nosack iyisilinganiso esiphakathi nendawo, kepha uma uyiqhathanisa nenkawu encane ibukeka njengesikhulu. Ukukhula kweziduna kusuka ku-66 kuye ku-76 cm, kuthi izinsikazi zifinyelele kuma-60 cm.I ubude bomsila bungama-66-75 cm. Kwabesilisa, umsila mude ngokwedlulele kunowesifazane. Isisindo sabesilisa ngokuvamile sikhulu kakhulu kunesabalingane babo abancane. Ifinyelela ku 12-16 kg.

Ngaphandle kobukhulu bawo obukhulu, usisindo nokubukeka okugogekile, ama-kahau ayizilwane ezihamba phambili. Isikhathi esiningi bakhetha ukusichitha ezihlahleni. UNosach uthambekele egatsheni, abambelele ezinyaweni zakhe zangaphambili, bese edonsa imilenze yezizumbulu agxume kwelinye igatsha noma isihlahla. Ukwehlela emhlabeni kungenziwa kuphela ngompilo noma ukoma okumnandi ngokweqile.

Indlela yokuphila

Nosachi bukhoma emahlathini. Baphapheme phakathi kwemini, ebusuku nasekuseni, ama-primates aphumula emiqhele eminyene yezihlahla eduze komfula, abazikhethele kusengaphambili. Umsebenzi ophakeme kakhulu ezinkawu ezinamanzi ubonwa ntambama nakusihlwa.

AmaKachau ahlala emaqenjini abantu abayi-10-30. Le mibimbi emincane ingaba yiziqhwaga, lapho abesifazane abangaba yishumi nezingane zabo ezingakafiki isikhathi sokuthomba kungabesilisa, noma inkampani yabesilisa, enabesilisa abangashadile.

Izilokazana zesilisa nosy zikhula futhi zishiya umndeni wazo (eneminyaka eyi-1-2), kuyilapho abesifazane bahlala eqenjini abazalelwa kulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinkomeni zezinsikazi ezinezilo, umkhuba wokushintsha umuntu othandana naye ube ngowomunye uvame ukwenziwa. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuze kutholakale impumelelo enkulu ukuzitholela ukudla noma ukulala kahle, amaqembu amaningana ezinkawu ze-nosy ahlanganiswa isikhashana abe munye.

AbakwaKachau baxhumana basebenzise imbonakalo yobuso nemisindo eyinqayizivele: ukuthulisa okuthe xaxa, ukuhaya isikhafu, ukugabha noma ukubhonga. Izinkawu zinesimo esihle impela, azivami ukuxabana noma ukulwa phakathi kwazo, ikakhulukazi eqenjini lazo. I-nosy yabesifazane ingaqala isikhali esincane, khona-ke umholi womhlambi ukuvimba lokhu ngamazwi amakhulu ekhala.

Kwenzeka ukuthi eqenjini labesifazane abaholi bayashintsha. Kuza owesilisa omncane futhi onamandla futhi ophuca onke amalungelo omnikazi wangaphambili. Ikhanda elisha lephakethe lingabulala ngisho inzalo yabadala. Kulokhu, umama wezingane ezifile ushiya iqembu nowesilisa ohluliwe.

Habitat

UNosach uhlala ogwini nasogwini lomfula esiqhingini saseBorneo (Kalimantan) enkabeni yeziqhingi zaseMalay. Yisiqhingi sesithathu ngobukhulu ngemuva kweNew Guinea neGreenland futhi okuwukuphela kwendawo emhlabeni lapho iKahau ihlangana khona.

Izinkawu ezivalekile zizizwa zikhululekile emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ama-mangrove nezimbila ze-dipterocarp enezihlahla ezinkulu ezihlala ziluhlaza, ezindaweni ezimanzi nasezindaweni ezitshalwe nge-hevea. Emazweni akhiwe ngaphezu kwe-250-400 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, inkawu enezimpawu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ingabonakali.

INosach - isilwanelokho akusuki kude namanzi. Le ndondo ibhukuda kahle, igxumela emanzini isuka kubude obuyi-18-20 m futhi imboze ibanga elingafika kumamitha angama-20 ngemilenze emine, futhi nasezindongeni ezinkulu zehlathi ehlane emilenzeni emibili.

Lapho uhamba umqhele wezihlahla, ikhala lingawasebenzisa womabili ama-paws, bese likhasa, lidonsa ngokuhlukile futhi liphonse izingaphambili, noma ligxume kusuka egatsheni liye egatsheni, elikude kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Ukucinga ukudla, ama-nosats angabhukuda noma ahambe emanzini angajulile

Umsoco

Lapho befuna ukudla, ama-nosaschi ajwayelekile adlula amakhilomitha angama-2-3 ngosuku emfuleni, kancane kancane angena ehlathini. Kusihlwa, iKahau iyabuya. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-primates ngamahlumela amancane namaqabunga ezihlahla nezihlahla, izithelo ezingavuthiwe, ezinye izimbali. Kwesinye isikhathi ukudla kwezitshalo kufakwa kwisibungu, izibungu, amacimbi kanye nezinambuzane ezincane.

Ukuzala

Izibalo zithathwa njengezivuthiwe ngokocansi, ngoba sezifinyelele eminyakeni engu-5-7. Abesilisa bavame ukuvuthwa ngemuva kwezinsikazi. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izinkawu zokuzalela ziqala isikhathi sazo sokuzala. Ku-kahau, insikazi ikhuthaza umlingani ukuba ashade.

Yena, ngesimo sakhe sothando esithandekayo, evikela futhi esonta izindebe zakhe ngeshubhu, anikine ikhanda, ekhombisa izitho zangasese, utshela owesilisa obonayo ukuthi usukulungele "ubudlelwano obukhulu".

Ngemuva kokuzala, insikazi ibamba inzalo cishe izinsuku ezingama-170-200, bese kuthi kaningi, kuzalwe ikonyana elilodwa. Umama uyondla ngobisi lwayo izinyanga eziyi-7, kepha-ke ingane ayilahli ukuxhumana naye isikhathi eside.

Kuma-nasas abesifazane, ekhaleni alikhuli, njengakwabesilisa

Isikhathi sokuphila

Ayikho imininingwane enembayo yokuthi lingakanani i-kahau elihlala ekuthunjweni, ngoba lolu hlobo alukakwazi ukubanjiswa. Izinkawu ezinekhephu zichaphazeleka kabi emphakathini futhi azikwazi ukuqeqeshwa. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo ikhala elijwayelekile Ihlala ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka engama-20- 23, uma ingaphenduki inyamazane yisitha sayo ngaphambili, kanti nezinduna zanele zazo.

Izinkawu nama-pythons ahlasela inkawu engenacala, kanti amaKahau nezinkozi zasolwandle akuyona into eyojabulisa ukuzijabulisa. Ubungozi bubalele ukulinda i-nosy emifuleni nasezigungwini zethafa lemangange, lapho izingwenya ezinkulu ziboshwe khona. Ngalesi sizathu, izinkawu, ngaphandle kokuthi zibhukuda ezinhle kakhulu, zithanda ukunqoba izindlela zamanzi endaweni emincane kakhulu yendawo yokugcina, lapho ingwenya imane ingenandawo yokujika.

Ukuzingela okuyindilinga nakho kubeka engcupheni yokunciphisa inani lezinhlobo, yize imonkey monkey ivikelwe ngumthetho. Abantu baphishekela i-kahau ngenxa yoboya obukhulu obukhulu kanye nenyama emnandi, ngokusho komdabu. Ukugawula amahlathi mang mang kanye nemvula, kudonsa izindawo ezinamathuku, abantu bashintsha izimo zezulu kulesi siqhingi futhi banciphise indawo efanele indawo yokuhlala yeNessy.

Ngokuvamile ama-nosats adla ngamaqabunga nezithelo.

Izibhedlela zinokudla okuncane nokuncane, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, zinokuncintisana okuqinile kokudla kanye nezinsizakusebenza zezwe - lezi zingama-macaques angagcwele umsila wezingulube. Lezi zinto ziholele ekutheni abantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane yekhulu lama-nosocoids sebephumile futhi, ngokusho kwe-International Union for the Conservation of Nature, isisondele kakhulu ekuqothulweni.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

INosach - Primatengokungafani nezinye izinkawu nesilwane esibonakala kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile, kunezici ezimbalwa eziqinisekisa ubunyani benkawu engenacala.

• Uyabona ukuthi uKahau ngentukuthelo angaba ekhaleni lakhe elibomvu nelikhulisiwe. Ngokwenye inguqulo, ukuguqulwa okunjalo kusebenza njengendlela yokusabisa isitha.
• Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi izinkawu zidinga ikhala elikhulu ukuze zikhuphule inani lezinsimbi ezenza imisindo. Ngamazwi amakhulu, abakwaNasas bazisa wonke umuntu ngobukhona babo nokumaka insimu. Kepha lo mbono awukabutholi ubufakazi obuqondile.
• UNosachi angahamba, anqobe amabanga amafushane emanzini, abambe umzimba ngokuqondile. Lokhu kujwayelekile kuphela kumamapula anthropoid athuthukiswe kakhulu, hhayi izinhlobo zezinkawu, ezibandakanya izinkawu ze-nosy.
• U-Kachau ukuphela kwenkawu emhlabeni ongakwazi ukutshuza. Uyakwazi ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi ibanga lamamitha ayi-12-20. I-nosach ibhukuda kahle njengenja, ulwelwesi oluncane emilenzeni yakhe engemuva iyamsiza kulokhu.
• Ama-nosochki ajwayelekile ahlala kuphela ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi amasha, ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kosawoti namaminerali kuwo, okunomthelela ezimweni ezinhle zohlelo lokudla kwezinkawu.

Inkawu yeNosach esitokisini

Inkawu ye-nosach ingabonakala esimweni semvelo endaweni ye-Proboscis Monkey Sangment yemvelo reservation, etholakala eduzane nedolobha laseSandakan. Isibalo sabantu abakhona kuso singabalelwa ku-80 abantu. Ngo-1994, umnikazi walesi sakhiwo wathenga isihlahla sehlathi sokusika nokutshala okwalandela kwentende kawoyela endaweni yakhe.

Kepha, lapho ibona impumulo, yahlabeka umxhwele kangangokuba yashintsha amacebo ayo, yashiya izihlahla zemihlume. Kulezi zinsuku, amakhulukhulu abavakashi beze kuleli gadi minyaka yonke ukubheka izinkawu zama-nosy endaweni yazo yemvelo.

Ekuseni nakusihlwa, abanakekeli bakhe baletha obhasikidi abakhulu ezindaweni ezihlotshiswe ngokukhethekile ngentandokazi yabo kahau eyintandokazi - izithelo ezingavuthiwe. Izilwane, zijwayele ukuthi ngesikhathi esithile zondliwa ngokunambitheka, ziya ngokuzithandela ziye kubantu zize zizinikeze izithombe.

Nosach esithombeni, enekhala elikhulu elenga ezindebeni zakhe, ebhekisa ngemuva kwesizinda samathanga aluhlaza ehlathini, ibukeka imnandi kakhulu.

Ngeshwa, uma kungathathwa izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuvimbela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okungalawulwa futhi ungaqali ukulwa nokuzingela esiqhingini saseBorneo, zonke izindaba eziphathelene nezinkawu zezilwane eziyingqayizivele zisazoba izinganekwane. Uhulumeni waseMalawi ukhathazekile kakhulu ngosongo lokuqothulwa. UKachau ungene ku-International Red Book. Zivikelwe ezindaweni eziyi-16 ezivikelwe zase-Indonesia naseMalaysia.

Bheka incazelo

Inkawu ebunjiwe ingeyoyokuqala yohlobo oluphakathi, kuya ngocansi, isisindo sazo asidluli kuma-20 kg nobude bomzimba - hhayi ngaphezu kwama-78 cm. Ngakho-ke, isisindo sabantu besifazane ngamakhilogremu angama-8-10 ubude bomzimba obungu-55-65 cm. inesisindo esingu-15-20 kg, ubude bomzimba - 73-78 cm. Njengomthetho, umsila, kungakhathalekile ubulili, ulingana nobude bomzimba.

Isici esiyinhloko sohlaka lwensikazi yikhala elikhulu elimise okwenziwe ngethanga, phansi, ubukhulu bawo bungafinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sitho sidala ukuphazamiseka okuningi ngesikhathi sokudla, futhi inkawu iyaphoqelelwa ukuyisekela. Lapho sifunda amakhono okusebenza ekhaleni nenhloso yako, imibono yochwepheshe yahlukaniswa.

Abanye bathi ngesikhathi sokuxabana nezinye izindondo, ikhala elibomvu elikhulayo liyesabisa isitha.
Ngokusho kwabanye, sibonga lesi sitho esikhulu se-olodoory, izinkawu ziyakwazi ukukhwaza kakhulu, kungokumemeza ukuthi lesi silwane simemezela ubukhona baso kunoma iyiphi insimu, ngalokho siyimaka.

Futhi abanye bathi kungenxa yobukhulu bekhala ukuthi insikazi izikhethela owesilisa ovuthiwe kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.

Ekhaleni eliqothulayo yisici esibonisa abesilisa kuphela, ezinsimeni zezinsikazi nakumajaha amancane, isitho se-ophodo sincane, siphakamisiwe, sinxantathu ngesimo. Isikhumba ebusweni bushelelezi ngaphandle kwejazi, ngombala obomvana obomvana. Ngemuva kwesilondolozi esivuthiwe simboziwe ngezinwele ezimfushane. Umbala wayo ungaba mnyama, ngamathoni ansomi abomvu noma abomvu agqamile, noma okhanyayo, ophuzi noma ocher okhanyayo. Ijazi esiswini liyi-beige elikhanyayo noma mpunga ophuzi.

Ngaphezu kwempumulo, isisu esikhulu nosayizi, kunokwehluka okuningana okuningi kwangaphandle phakathi kwabesilisa. Cishe intamo yowesilisa, izinwele zikhula zibe denser kakhulu, zakha uhlobo lwekhola, futhi kukhona umsipha omnyama, omnyama kulo lonke ubude bomgogodla. Ngokuphathelene nomzimba, izitho zibonakala zinciphile futhi zivuthiwe, zimbozwe ngokulinganayo ngoboya obumpunga obukhanyayo. Umsila we-primate unamandla futhi ulungile, noma kunjalo, awusetshenziswa, ngokungafani namathambo emisipha.

Habitat

Izindawo ezisogwini kanye namathafa aphansi emifula yesiqhingi saseBorneo yindawo yokuhlala yezinkawu ezingenalutho. Izindawo ezinconyelwayo zokuhlala kuzo yizi-peat bogs, ama-dipterocarp emahlathini, amaxhaphozi anama-mangroves. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkawu azikhuphukeli ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwamamitha angama-250 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, indawo enhle kuzo indawo engasogwini eduze kwanoma iyiphi imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile.

Izitha Zenkawu Elengisiwe

Ngokuvamile, izinkawu ziba inyoka yezinyoka ezinkulu, izinkozi noma ukuqapha izinyosi. Yize evikelekile isakhamuzi saseKahau, ayaqhubeka nokuzingelwa ngabazingeli ngenxa yoboya obukhulu nenyama. Izingwe ezibhemayo ezihlala eBorneo zithanda ukuzingela izinkomo, futhi cishe azikaze zihlasele izinkawu.

Izizathu zokwehla kwenani labantu

AbakwaNosachi babhukuda abahle kakhulu abane-paws ebanzi yokuwasiza ukuba abhukude ngemijikelezo esheshayo. Izinkawu zeSavvy zibuye zisebenzise amagatsha asentwasahlobo ukuwela kusuka kwelinye ibhange kuya kwelinye. Iqembu le-nosers liwela njalo umfula esigabeni salo esincanyana kunazo zonke. Lokhu akuvezwa kuphela ngokucabanga kokulula, kodwa futhi nokuphepha: izinyamazane zingahlasela abahlikihla bewela umfula. Enye yezitha eziphambili zalezi zinkawu ingwenya yegavial, uhlobo lwengwenya yasemanzini entsha. Ngakho-ke, ukuwela endaweni emincane yomfula kuvumela izinkawu ukugwema ingozi enkulu. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zindawo lapho abantu bakha khona amabhuloho, futhi emuva kwalokho imigwaqo nezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ziyavela lapha. Insimu edingekayo kubo ikhululwa ngokubhujiswa kwehlathi lemangange. Ngenxa yalokhu, abakwaNasaschi baphoqeleka ukuwela imifula ezindaweni eziyingozi lapho bangafela khona.

Ezinye izimbangela zokucekelwa phansi kwendawo yama-nosal ifaka phakathi izimayini zegolide ezingekho emthethweni kanye nokugawulwa kwemithi. Lo msebenzi uholela ekwephuleni ubuqotho behlathi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhambisa amaqembu ezinkawu. Ososayensi ababona ngokuziphatha kwamaqembu anjalo asebeke babona imiphumela yokuhlukaniswa. Izinkawu zisheshe zidle wonke amaqabunga atholakalayo nokunye ukudla kwezitshalo, futhi njengoba zehluleka ukuya kwenye indawo, ziqala ukubulawa yindlala.

Ukubhujiswa Komlilo

Ukuba khona komuntu ehlathini kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Eminyakeni yama-1990s IBorneo yacekelwa phansi imililo.Izakhi zaqala amasonto amaningi futhi zacekela phansi namapheshana amakhulu amahlathi omile kulesi siqhingi. Izimbangela zomlilo bezingakasungulwa. Mhlawumbe ukwenzeka kwabo kuhlotshaniswa nemisebenzi yabalimi abathi ngomzamo wokusula umhlaba ngezinhloso zezolimo, balahlekelwe ngumlilo.

Akukho lapho ungaya khona

Ngokungafani nezinye izinkawu eziningi, ama-nosachi awahlangani nabantu. Azikwazi ukuba khona emahlathini kude namanzi. Isizathu salokhu, ososayensi babheka okuqukethwe okuphansi kasawoti namaminerali enhlabathini eqhelile olwandle nemifula, izitshalo ezabiwe lapho azilungele ukondla i-nosoci.

Imizamo yokufudusa lezi zinkawu zisuka eBorneo iye kwelinye ihlathi alikho lula kangako, ngoba imvelo yamangabe iyabhujiswa emhlabeni wonke. Izinhlobo ezihlala kwamanye amahlathi nazo zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, futhi uma kwenzeka ukuthunyelwa okungafanele kwe-nosy, kungathinteka kakhulu.

Inani labantu baseKahau

Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukukhishwa kwamachibi nokutshalwa kwezindawo ezake zasebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yezinkawu, kuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwamanani awo. Izindawo ezisele ezingatholakala zokuhlala zihlala izinhlobo ezinolaka ngokwengeziwe zama-macaque amade. Imihlambi kaKahau ikhangwa ukuzingela okuchuma kokuzingela. Eminyakeni engama-50 eyedlule, inani lezinkawu ezingenalutho linciphile ngesigamu, namuhla inani labo labantu lingaba ngu-3,000. Izinhlobo zilotshwe ku-International Red Book njengokunyamalala.

Nginaye futhi ngaphandle kwenduna

Izinzwa ezingamaduna ngaphandle kwezinsikazi zivame ukuba zincane futhi zinolwazi oluncane kunalokhu esezitholile, futhi zihlala emaqenjini ahlukene ngokwe-bachelor.

Ososayensi baqaphele umkhuba owesabekayo emaqenjini ama-harem. Ngenxa yokuthi kunezindawo ezimbalwa ezifanele zokuhlala, amaqembu aya ngokungazinzi. Abesifazane nezinsana zabo baya ngokuya besuka kwenye indlu iye kwenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezincane kakhulu manje zizalwa kunangaphambili. Ngokusobala, lokhu kungenxa yokufa okuphezulu kwezinsizwa ezisencane ngenxa yendlala nezifo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, lesi simo sezinto siba yinkinga enkulu. Lapho izinkawu ezindala ziguga futhi zifa, inzalo yazo embalwa ngeke ikwazi ukwandisa inani labantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa abasebasha baya emaqenjini e-bachelor esemncane kunangaphambili. Ochwepheshe abafunda ngokuziphatha kwezinkawu abakwazi ukuchaza imbangela yalesi simo, kodwa baphakamise ukuthi kungasongela nokusinda kwezinhlobo zezilwane. A.

UNosach (inkawu): incazelo

Uma ubheka ohlangothini uye ku-nosach yesilisa, khona-ke lo mbono uyahlekisa. Iqiniso ngukuthi ufana kakhulu nendoda esebenzisa kabi utshwala. Zigwebe ngokwenu: ukuma okuvuselelekile, izandla zilele emadolweni, ekhaleni elikhulu elingenakubukeka, kwehliselwe ekuphanjweni, njengoba abantu besho, "ubhiya" isisu. Isithombe sale "muhle" manje siphambi kwakho.

Abesilisa kuphela abangaqhosha ekhaleni elikhulu. Zinekhala elide kakhulu elifana nekhukhamba. Usayizi wale "manness" ufinyelela kubude bamasentimitha ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu. Lapho isilo siqala ukuthukuthela noma sikhungatheke ngokuthile, ikhala laso liyakhula bese liphenduka libe bomvu. Izinsikazi nezilwane ezincane azinawo umhlobiso ovelele kangako; amakhala awo angabizwa ngokuthi yi-snub-nosed kunokuba abe made.

I-nosach (inkawu) ingubukhulu obuphakathi, kuyilapho umsila ulingana nobude bomzimba wonke, obucishe bube ngama-70-75 cm. Owesifazane muhle ngokwedlula “amadoda”, ubude bawo bomzimba bungu-60-65 cm ngesisindo esili-10 kg. Abesilisa banesisindo esingama-20 kg.

Ezinkomeni ezindala, ingemuva limbozwe ngezinwele ezimfishane kodwa zikhulu kakhulu. Umbala ungaba nsundu obomvu, o-orenji okhanyayo, obomvu noma obomvu wezitini. I-tummy eyindilinga imvama ukukhanya okumpunga okune-tish ophuzi. Kulula ukwahlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane hhayi kuphela ngamakhala abo amakhulu; bane-mane enemibala emnyama emhlane ngemuva kwabo.

Imvelo nendawo yokuhlala yeNasoci

Isiqhingi saseBorneo sisohlwini lwalezo zindawo emhlabeni eziheha ubuhle bazo basendle. Amahlathi emvula akhiwe ngabameleli abamangalisayo bomhlaba wezilwane. UKachau naye uhlala kule ndawo enhle. Lezi zinkawu ngokwemvelo zihlala eMalaysia kuphela, zitholakala lapha emaphethelweni nasezigodini. INosachi ayihlali ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-200 ngaphezu kolwandle. Izindawo ezithandekayo zalezi zilwane amahlathi ase-mangrove nama-dipterocarp, futhi angatholakala nasezihlahleni zamahevea.

Impilo yezinkawu endaweni yemvelo

Ngokubukeka, izinkawu zama-nosy zibonakala ziyimpumputhe futhi zibumbile, kodwa uze ubone ukuthi zihamba ngobuhlakani kanjani ezihlahleni. Izilwane zigxuma kahle zisuka egatsheni ziye kwelinye, zigijimisana izingalo zazo, kwesinye isikhathi zize zihambe, njengabantu, emilenzeni emibili.

Ntambama, izinkawu zibandakanyeka ezindabeni zazo zansuku zonke; 'usuku lwazo lokusebenza' luphela ngokuhlwa kokuqala. Ama-nosas okulala ahlelwe ezihlahleni ezikhethwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kokusuka emfuleni ngaphezu kwe-15 m.

Iqembu elilodwa lezinkawu ezingenalutho kusuka ezilwaneni ezi-10 kuye kwezingu-30. Lo mholi ungowesilisa omdala kunabo bonke, endlini yakhe equkethe abesifazane ababalelwa ku-8-10, wonke amanye amalungu omndeni zingane futhi akhula nentsha engafinyeleli ebusheni. Abesilisa abakulungele ukuncedisana kufanele bashiye umndeni, kuyilapho izinsikazi ezincane zisale. Kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa kuphela abangazitholanga izidumbu zabo bahlangana emhlambini owodwa.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwenkawu ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle singaba yiminyaka engamashumi amabili.

Ngabe kudlani imonkey nosy?

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-nosoci ngamaqabunga amasha nezithelo, lapho zidlula khona usuku ukuya kumakhilomitha amabili. Ngokusho kososayensi, izilwane zalolu hlobo zidla cishe izinhlobo ezingama-47 zezitshalo, ezingama-30 zazo zingamaqabunga, kanti eziyi-17 zingamahlumela, izimbali noma izithelo.

Ukwehliswa kwenani labantu

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ama-nosy atholakala endle kuphela eBorneo eSoutheast Asia. Iziphathimandla zasekhaya zenza imizamo eminingi yokugcina lezinhlobo zezilwane, kepha noma lokhu ngeke kumise ukuncishiswa okukhulu kubantu be-kahau. Ngokusho kososayensi, emhlabeni wonke kunezilwane ezingaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezintathu ezinamakhala amangalisayo.

Imayelana nemisebenzi yabantu. Izinkawu zihlala emahlathini emvula, asanda kunyamalala kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile ebusweni bomhlaba. Kubukeka sengathi iningi nje leziqhingi zaseBorneo selimbozwe ngamaxhaphozi namahlathi emvula, manje iningi lazo licekelwa phansi ngokwengxenye noma licekelwa phansi ngokuphelele. Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, abantu bebengakabi ne-Borneo en masse enabantu abaningi. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakwazi ukubheka ngokukhululekile imihlambi eminingi yama-nosas. Kepha ngokufika kwabantu, imfucumfucu idonswa amanzi, izinkawu zazinganayo indawo yokuhlala, ngenxa yalokho ezazisondele.

Ukuchazwa kwakhala

Zihlobene nezinye izinkawu, ama-nosas anesiqu esiphakathi nendawo.. Isisindo seziduna ngamakhilogremu angama-20 ubude bomzimba obungu-73-76 cm, izinsikazi zilula futhi zincane: ngesisindo esingama-10 kg, ubude bawo bomzimba bubalelwa ku-60-65 cm.ngakhathalekile ngocansi, umsila wezilwane cishe ulingana nobude bomzimba.

Kepha umehluko omkhulu wabesilisa abadala, owanikeza igama lezi zinhlobo, ukhaleni obumbeke njengophawu, ubude bawo bungafinyelela ku-10 cm. Ngokuphathelene nenhloso yesitho sokuphamba, imibono yabezazi zezilwane ihlukaniswe.

• Ngokwenye inguqulo, ukwanda okukhulu ngosayizi nokubomvu kwempumulo ekhaleni elinolaka kuyindlela yokwesabisa isitha.
• Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi impumulo idlale indima yohlobo lwe-resonator, ithuthukise umthamo wokukhala kwe-cachau. Ukuzwakalisa ubukhona baso endaweni ethile, izinkawu zikumaka ngendlela engajwayelekile.
• Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ubukhulu bekhala bubambe iqhaza ekukhetheni yizinsikazi zomlingani ovuthiwe ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.

Ukuba nekhala elikhulu lokudonsa kuyilungelo kuphela ngabesilisa. Ezinyamelweni zezinsikazi nezinsizwa, umqondo wephunga awugcini nje ngokuba mncane, kepha futhi unesimo esihlukile: ukhuphuka emakhaleni anxantathu angqukuva. Isikhumba esingenalutho ebusweni bezinkawu sinombala ophuzi. Ngemuva kwesilwane esidala kumbozwe ngezinwele ezimfishane. Ngokuvamile kufakwa ngopende wepende onsundu ngombala wewolintshi, ophuzi, ocher, ama-brown hues. Isisu simbozwe ngompunga okhanyayo noma okhanyayo we-beige.

Ngaphezu kwempumulo kanye nesisu esijabulisayo esiyindilinga, kunenye umehluko ngokubonakala kwabesilisa kwabesifazane - isigodlo esenziwe ngesikhumba embozwe izinwele ezinohlonze, senza umgexo onentaba ozungeze intamo, nomjolo omnyama omangalisayo eduze komgogodla. Izimbambo maqondana nomzimba zibukeka zide futhi zinomile, zimbozwe izinwele ezimpunga ezikhanyayo. Umsila kanye nama-paws, kunesibindi, kuyimisipha, kepha ekhaleni akusebenzisi.

Ukuvela kwamagungquza acwebezelayo kuyinkohliso: empeleni, ama-kahau ayakwazi ukuhamba ngobuhlakani ezihlahleni, athambekele ezingaphambili zawo futhi adonsa izinyawo zawo zangemuva, ngaleyo ndlela asuka egatsheni aye kwelinye. Isikhathi esiningi izinkawu zichitha lapho. Yisidingo kuphela samanzi noma ikhambi elikhangayo ngokukhethekile emhlabeni elizenza zehle. UNosachi uhola impilo yansuku zonke, uchitha ubusuku emiqhele yezihlahla, ekhethwe ngaphambili eduzane nomfula

Kuyathakazelisa! Ukunqoba ibanga elincanyana ngesikhathi soguquko, i-kachau ingahamba ngezinyawo nangemuva. Futhi ziyakwazi ukubhukuda njengenja, zizisize ngemilenze yazoangemuva, ifakwe ulwelwesi. Yilezi zinkawu kuphela ezingakwazi ukungena emanzini: ziyakwazi ukunqoba ibanga elingamamitha angama-20 ngaphansi kwamanzi.

UNosoca uhlala emaqenjini abantu abayishumi kuya kwabangu-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba "iklabhu yabesilisa", nethokazi labesifazane abangama-8-10, eliholwa owesilisa osekhulile. Amalungu asele eqembu elixubile ayinzalo engavuthiwe (uma ikhona). Ngokwemvelo yabo, ama-nosachi anobuhle obuhle futhi akavamile ukubonisa ubutha, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwephakethe. Izilwane ziyaxhumana hhayi nje kuphela ngosizo lwezimpawu zobuso, kepha nangemisindo emangazayo.

Izimpikiswano nokuxabana phakathi kwamalungu omndeni akuvamile kakhulu futhi kucinywe ngokushesha: imizamo yamantombazane atholakalayo yokwenza ihlazo icindezelwa ngokushesha ngumsindo opholile wamakhala owenziwa ngumholi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, "amandla wamandla" angavela kwiphakethe. Owesilisa osemusha futhi oqinile uba owokuqala, oxosha isincintisana, amnciphise amalungelo akhe angaphambili ngisho nenzalo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umama wewundlu elibulewe naye ushiya iphakethe.

Imizamo yokwenza amasokisi ingaphumeli. Abaphenyi bakhomba ikhono labo eliphansi lokuzijabulisa, ikhono lokufunda elingasebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akukho datha ngokulindela kokuphila kwe-nosy eyisithunjwa. Endle, izinkawu ziphila iminyaka engaba ngu-20, uma zingahlaselwa izitha ngaphambili. Ngokuvamile, le nkathi inqunywa yikhwalithi nenani lesisekelo sokuphakelayo endaweni yokusabalalisa.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala yempumulo

Monkey sock (kahau) - isilwane esiyivelakancane esingatholakala esiqhingini saseKalimantan (Borneo), esiphakathi kweBrunei, iMalaysia ne-Indonesia. Ukuzingela, kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi okusheshayo, kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwendawo ye-nosy.

Ngaphandle kokuthi zibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu, inani labantu liyehla ngokushesha, sekukonke kune-kachau engaphansi kwezinkulungwane ezintathu. Lezi zilwane ezihlekisayo zigcwele kakhulu endaweni yaseSibah eduze nomfula iKinabatangan.

Habitat isokisi lesilwane lapho kugcinwa khona amaminerali adingekayo, usawoti kanye nezinye izakhi zokudla kwabo, okungukuthi, izihlahla zemango, izihlahla zokwebanda, amahlathi anomswakama, amanzi amasha. Ezifundeni ezikhuphuka ngaphezu kolwandle ngamamitha angaphezu kwama-350, akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nezilwane.

Ubukhulu besilisa abadala bungafinyelela ku-75 cm, isisindo - 15-24 kg. Izinsikazi zincane kabili futhi zilula. AbakwaNosachi banomsila omude - cishe amasentimitha angama-75. Kohau inombala othakazelisa kakhulu. Ngaphezulu, imizimba yabo ine-tint ebomvu, ngezansi imhlophe, umsila kanye nezinyawo kungwempunga, ubuso bungenazo ngokuphelele izinwele, zibomvu.

Kepha umehluko wabo ophambili ovela kwezinye izinhlobo zezinkawu usekhala ekhaleni elikhulu, esiswini esikhulu nasepheneni elibomvu eliqhamile kwabesilisa abadala, okuhlala kusesimweni esijabulisayo.

Kuze kube manje, ososayensi abakafinyeleli esiphethweni esisodwa ukuthi kungani ama-nosers enamakhala amakhulu kangaka. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi basiza izilwane ngesikhathi se-scuba diving futhi basebenza njengehubhu lokuphefumula.

Kodwa-ke, kuphakama umbuzo, kungani ungazidonseli phansi izintokazi ezingenasithunzi lesi. Abanye ongoti babeka phambili inguqulo yokuthi ikhala lithuthukisa ukukhala kwabesilisa futhi lisize ekulinganiseni izinga lokushisa komzimba.

Kwesinye isikhathi ekhaleni elingamasentimitha ayi-10, elisesimweni salo lifana nekhukhamba, liyaphazamisa ukungena kokudla. Ngemuva kwalokho izilwane kufanele zimsekele ngezandla zakhe. Uma isilwane sithukuthele noma sikhungathekile, ikhala liba likhulu futhi liphenduke libe bomvu.

Ngokukhula kweminyaka, amakhala aya eba makhulu futhi abe makhulu. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ubulili obulungile buzohlala bukhetha owesilisa onekhala elikhulu ukuze aqhubeke nohlobo. Ngokwabo nezilwane ezisencane, lesi sitho sinamanzi amaningi kunesikhathi eside.

Esithombeni kunama-nosach abesifazane

Isisu esikhulu impi okubangelwa yisisu esikhulu. Inamagciwane akhuthaza ukuvutshelwa kokudla. Iyasiza ku:

- I-fiber ehlukanisa phakathi, i-primate inikezwa ngamandla atholakala ku-greenery (noma ama-anthropoids noma abantu abanikezwe izici ezinjalo),

- ukungathathi hlangothi ngamagciwane ezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezinobuthi, Ngakho-ke, ama-nosasques angadla izitshalo ezinye izilwane ezingazifaka ubuthi.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona izingqinamba kulokhu:

- ukuvutshelwa kwezithelo ezinoshukela noshukela kungaholela ekuqongeleleni ngokweqile kwamagesi emzimbeni (i-flatulence), okungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane,

- I-Nosoachi ayidli ukudla kwezitshalo okuqukethe ama-antibiotic, ngoba amagciwane asesiswini ayafa.

Ngokuvela kwayo kwangempela, impumulo enkulu nesisu, abantu bendawo babiza i-nosch ngokuthi “inkawu yamaDashi” ngokufana kwayo namaDashi akwenza lesi siqhingi ikoloni.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Amathafa asemfuleni nasogwini lwesiqhingi saseBorneo ukuphela kwendawo eMhlabeni lapho ungatholana khona nezinkawu ezinamanzi. Izindawo ezihlala zivame ukuzikhetha zingamaxhaphozi angamachibi, izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi wedipterocarp nezihlahla zawo ezihlala zihlala ziluhlaza, amasimu e-hevea asondelene nezimbungulu.

Kuyathakazelisa! Izinkawu ezinezimbobo ezikhethiwe, ezikhetha izindawo zokuhlala zazo, zithanda ukwakheka emabhange ezigodi zamanzi nemifula. Kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuqukethwe okuthile kwamaminerali nosawoti emhlabathini, okuyisici sale ndawo futhi kuyisimo esibalulekile sokwenza uhlelo lokuphakelwa komsoco.

Endaweni etholakala ngenhla yolwandle ngaphezu kwama-200-350 m, i-kachau ayibonakali kalula.

Imvelo nendlela yokuphila ye-nosach

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-nosas, bayisilwane esinamafutha futhi esigcwele izingcindezi, kepha-ke lesi isethulo esingamanga. Bajikijelana izingalo zabo, bagxuma ngamandla amangalisayo ukusuka egatsheni kuya kwelinye igatsha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingahamba ngemilenze emibili ibanga elifanelekile impela. Kuyi-gibbons kuphela kanye nama-nosas avela kuzo zonke izimfanelo ezinaleli khono. Ezindaweni ezivulekile, zihamba ngezinyawo ezine, futhi phakathi kwamathanga ezihlahla zingahamba ngezinyawo endaweni ecishe imile.

Kuzo zonke izimfanelo, kahau ukubhukuda okungcono kakhulu. Ngokuqondile ezihlahleni, zigxumela emanzini futhi zihamba kalula ngaphansi kwamanzi kude nebanga lamamitha angama-20. Babhukuda "njengezinja", ngenkathi besiza izitho zabo zangasemuva, lapho kukhona khona ulwelwesi oluncane.

Umama ongumama kusukela ekubelethweni ucwilisa ingane yakhe emanzini, futhi ngokushesha ugibela emahlombe kamama ukugcwalisa amaphaphu ngomoya. Naphezu kwekhono elihle lokubhukuda, izilwane azithandi ngempela amanzi, imvamisa zizifihla kuwo ezinambuzaneni ezinyanyisayo.

Lezi zinkawu ezinobungane zihlelwe ndawonye. Lokhu kungaba i-harem, equkethe owesilisa osekhulile kanye nezinsikazi ezingama-7-10, okuseleyo izingane nezilwane ezincane. Noma iqembu lezinsizwa elizimele elenziwe ngomumo.

Lapho befika ebusheni, amaduna axoshwa kwabesifazane, kuyilapho abesilisa besifazane abakhulayo behlala kuwo. Eqenjini elilodwa le-nosers, kungaba nezilwane ezingafika ku-30. Izinsikazi ezindala zingashintsha i-harem kaningi empilweni.

Ebusuku noma ukwaba ukuseshwa kokudla, amaqembu angahlangana. Ondunankulu baxhumana besebenzisa ukubhonga, imisipha, imisindo ehlukahlukene yamakhala, ukuklwebheka. Ngesikhathi kunomsindo omkhulu we-harem, iduna eliphakeme lizama ukuthulisa wonke umuntu ngemisindo ethambile yamakhala. Izingxabano zemonkey zixazululwa ngokumemeza: noma ngubani omemeza kakhulu, khona-ke ukunqoba. Olahlekile kufanele ashiye ehlazweni.

Ukulala i-nosaschi ezihlahleni ezisondele kakhulu emanzini. Umsebenzi wabo omkhulu kakhulu ubonwa ntambama, futhi uphela ngokuqala kokuhwalala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-nosoci ayikwazi ukuhlala kude namanzi, ngoba uma kungenjalo ngeke yanele zonke izakhamzimba ukusekela umzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, le monkey ayihlangani nomuntu, ngokungafani nezihlobo zayo eziningi. Zonke izimfanelo ezinikezwe zona ngabantu azinhle. Bachazwa njengezinkawu zasendle, ezikhohlisayo, ezimbi, ezihamba kancane futhi ezingamavila.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe isibindi esingavamile abavikela ngaso iqembu labo lapho behlaselwa izitha, kanye nokuntuleka kwengxabano eyisiphukuphuku namagrafu ezindleleni zabo zokuziphatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlakaniphe ngokwanele.

Isabelo seNo

Isisekelo semenyu yezinkawu ezingenalutho yilezi:

• amaqabunga amancane ezihlahla
• amahlumela adliwayo
• izimbali ezinompe omnandi,
• izithelo, mhlawumbe ezingavuthiwe.

Ngokuvamile, le “cuisine yemifino” ihlanganiswa izibungu zezinambuzane, amacimbi kanye nezinambuzane ezincane. Ukufuna ukudla kweKachau kuqala emfuleni, kancane kancane kujule kuyiwe ehlathini futhi kuqhubeke eduze kwendawo ye-aft. Ukuze zanele, kwesinye isikhathi zihamba amakhilomitha ambalwa ngosuku, bese kusihlwa zibuyela endaweni yazo.

Izitha zemvelo

Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu eziyizidakamizwa azitholakali eBorneo. Izitha eziyinhloko zama-nosy yizingwenya ezinkulu ezibunjiwe ezihlala ezixhotsheni zemisundu, echibini lolwandle, ezindaweni ezisekupheleni nasekuduleni komfula. Azingela futhi ahlasele izinkawu lapho ewela umfula. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-nosachi, yize ibhukuda ngokuphelele, zama ukwenza uguquko endaweni emincane kakhulu emanzini.

Kubalulekile! Izingwe ezibhemayo ezihlala emhlabeni azisongeli esikhulu kubantu abasebenzisa izisulu: inani lalaba bantu abazingelayo lincane kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, bathanda ukuzingela inyamazane enkulu - izimbuzi, izinyamazane, izingulube zasendle.

Imvamisa, ama-kahau aba yizisulu zezihlambi ezinkulu zomqaphi kanye nama-pythons, okhozi olwandle. Ukuzingela ukuzingela nakho kuyingozi ethile kubona: indoda ilanda i-nosy ngenxa yenyama emnandi noboya obukhulu obukhulu.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Igama eliphelele lenkawu yikhala elijwayelekile, noma ngesiLatini - amaNasalis larvatus. Lesi sibalo singokwenkawu engaphansi yezinkawu ezinomzimba omncane omncane ovela emndenini wenkawu. Igama lesiLatini lohlobo "Nasalis" liyaqondakala ngaphandle kokuhumusha, kanti uhlobo lwe-epithet "larvatus" lisho "busiki, obufihliwe" yize le monkey ingenayo imaski. Waziwa eRuNet njengoKahau. I-Kachau - onomatopoeia, i-nosachi imemeze into efana nale, ukuxwayisa ngengozi.

Isimo sabantu nenhlobo yezinhlobo

Ukwehla okusheshayo kwendawo enamahlathi, ukuqothulwa kwama mangangves, ukudonswa kwamachibi, kanye nokutshala kwentende kawoyela emathafeni avundile kwaholela hhayi ekuguqukeni okubonakalayo ezimweni zezulu zaseBorneo.

Indawo ye-nosy nayo isinciphile, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ilahlekelwa ngumncintiswano wezinsizakusebenza kanye nezinsizakusebenza zokudla kulabo abahlukumeza - ama-macaque amade amade nongulube. Lezi zinto, kanye nokuzingela okwandayo kulesi siqhingi, kuholele ekutheni isibalo sezinhlobo eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule sehlile ngesigamu, futhi namuhla asidluli abantu abangu-3,000.

Kuyathakazelisa! Kude neSandakan kukhona iSpecoscis Monkey Sangment yemvelo reservation, lapho ungabona khona ama-nosas ezimweni zemvelo. Umlando wale ndawo uyamangalisa.

Umnikazi wamanje wesitobhu ngeminyaka yo-1990 uthole isiza esikhulu sehlathi lama-mangrove ukuze kutshalwe kuwo i-oli yesundu. Ebona uNosy owayehlala lapho, umnikazi walesi sihlahla wahlatshwa umxhwele ngokoqobo yizinkawu ezingajwayelekile. Wayefuna ukwazi konke ngokuphila kwabo nangokuziphatha kwabo. Njengoba ayefunde ukuthi izilwane seziseduze kokuqothuka, washintsha amacebo akhe okuqala.

Manje, esikhundleni sotshalo lwamafutha esundu, insimu ihlalwa ipaki yemvelo yemvelo, lapho kuhlala khona izithombo ezingaba ngu-80. Le ndawo ithandwa kakhulu yizivakashi ezinethuba lokubuka izinkawu zisendaweni ekahle ebanzi ezungezwe amapulatifomu amaningi. Kabili ngosuku, abahlukahlukene balesi siqiwu bazisa lapha obhasikidi ngobumnandi obathandayo be-nosy - izithelo ezingavuthiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinkawu, esezijwayele ukudla okujwayelekile, zishiya amahlathi ehlathini evulekile.

Ngokusho kofakazi bokuzibonela, abagcini nje ngokungesabi abantu, kodwa futhi babamba iqhaza ngokuzithandela amahlumela wezithombe, bejikela emuva ngemuva kwehlathi elikhanyayo eliluhlaza. Uhulumeni waseMalawi, ukhathazekile ngesimo semvelo esiseBorneo sisonke, uthatha izinyathelo ezihlosiwe, phakathi kokunye, ukuvikela ukuqothulwa ngokuphelele kwezinkawu ze-nosy ezingavamile nezimangazayo: le nhlobo ibhalwe ku-IWC futhi ivikelekile ezindaweni ezivikelwe.

Ividiyo: INosach

Akukho fossils we-nosy atholakala, ngokusobala ngenxa yokuthi ayehlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama, lapho amathambo angagcinwa kahle. Kukholakala ukuthi zazivele zikhona eLate Pliocene (eminyakeni eyizigidi ezi-3.6-2,2,5 edlule). E-Yunnan (China), kutholwa isidumbu esincanyana esivela kuhlobo lwe-Mesopithecus, esibhekwa njengokhokho be-nosoci. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kulapha lapho isizinda semvelaphi yezinkawu ezinamakhala angaziwa futhi izihlobo zakhona. Izici morphological yaleli qembu kungenxa ukuzivumelanisa impilo nezihlahla.

Izihlobo ezisondelene kakhulu ze-nosy ezinye izinhlobo ezincane - izinkawu ezi-snub-nosed (rhinopithecus, pigatrix) kanye ne-simias. Zonke lezi ziyizidalwa zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, futhi ezivumelaniswe nazo ukuze zondle ukudla kwezitshalo futhi zihlala ezihlahleni.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Yini ebukeka njengekhala

Ubude bomzimba wamakhala bunama-66 - 75 cm kwabesilisa nabangu-50 - 60 cm kwabesilisa, kanye nomsila ongama-56 - 76 cm, acishe afane kubo bobabili ubulili. Isisindo sowesilisa osekhulile siyahlukahluka kusuka ku-16 siye ku-22 kg, insikazi, njengoba imvamisa kutholakala ezinkombeni, icishe ibe kabili kathathu. Ngokwesilinganiso mayelana ne-10 kg. Isibalo senkawu sibi, ngokungathi isilwane sigweme kakhulu: amahlombe alele, ahlatshwe umhlane nesisu esinempilo. Kodwa-ke, inkawu ihamba ngokumangalisayo futhi ngokushesha, ngenxa yemilenze emide yemisipha ngeminwe eyishumi.

Owesilisa osemdala ubukeka emibalabala futhi egqamile. Ikhanda lakhe elithambile libonakala sengathi limbozwe ngoboya obudayiwe, lapho amehlo amnyama athule abukeka khona, nezihlathi ezibunjiwe zingcwatshwa ngesilevu nasemphethweni wokhohlo loboya. Ubuso obuncane obungenazinwele bubukeka buwumuntu impela, yize isigaxa sekhala elenga, okufika ku-17,5 cm ubude futhi ukumboza umlomo omncane, sibunikeza i-caricature.

Isikhumba esinezinwele ezimfishane ngemuva nasemaceleni singama-tan, sikhanya ohlangothini lwe-ventral nge-tan, nendawo emhlophe kwi-oblium. Izingalo nomsila zingwevu, isikhumba sezandla nezinyawo zimnyama. Izinsikazi zincanyana futhi zikanokusho, zinemikhonto ebomvu ebomvu emuva, ngaphandle kwekhola ekhulunyiwe, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ngekhala elihlukile. Akunakushiwo ukuthi muhle ngokwengeziwe. Ekhaleni labesifazane kufana nekaga-yowesifazane: kuyaphuma, kunephupho elibukhali. Izingane ziyizigaxa zempumulo futhi zihluke kakhulu ngombala kusuka kubantu abadala. Banekhanda namahlombe ansundu amnyama, futhi isiqu kanye nemilenze grey. Isikhumba sobuso bezingane kuze kube unyaka nesigamu sinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ukusekela ekhaleni elikhulukazi, ikhala linekhethelo le-cartilage elikhethekile, okungekho nenye yezinkawu elinayo.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi ikhala libukeka kanjani. Sibona ukuthi le monkey ihlala kuphi.

Ihlala kuphi impumulo?

Photo: Nosach emvelweni

Ibanga le-nosach lilinganiselwe esiqhingini saseBorneo (esiphethwe yiBrunei, iMalaysia ne-Indonesia) neziqhingi ezincane eziseduzane. Isimo sezulu kulezi zindawo sinomswakama osishisayo, futhi sincane ushintsho lwesikhathi olubonakalayo: izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile ngoJanuwari lingama-25 ° C, ngoJulayi - + 30 ° C, entwasahlobo nasekwindla kumakwa ngezihlambi ezivamile. Emoyeni ohlale umswakama, izimila ziyachuma, zinikeze indawo yokuhlala nokondliwa kwamakhala. Izinkawu zihlala emahlathini eduze nasezigodini zemifula ephansi, ezinhlafunweni nasezintabeni zemifula yezifufula. Ukusuka ogwini kuya phakathi kwesiqhingi abasuswanga ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha amabili, ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwamamitha angama-200 ngaphezu kolwandle azitholakali.

Emahlathini acwengekile agterocarp ezihlahla ezinkulu ezihlala ziluhlaza, ama-nosasquers azizwa elondekile futhi avame ukuchitha ubusuku lapho ezihlahleni ezinde kakhulu, lapho akhetha khona amamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Izindawo ezihlala kuzo zihlala amahlathi emango angenamaphethelo ngasemaphethelweni amanzi, aswakeme futhi avame ukugcwala amanzi amanzi ngesikhathi semvula. INosachi ivumelaniswa ngokuphelele nendawo enje futhi iwela imifula kalula kuze kufike ku-150 m ububanzi. Akuwona owokuzalwa emphakathini wabantu, uma ubukhona babo bungathinteki kakhulu, futhi begcwele amasimu e-hevea nezihlahla zesundu.

Ubukhulu bendawo abathuthela phezu kwabo buxhomeke ekunikezelweni kokudla. Iqembu elilodwa lingahamba ukusuka kumahektha ayi-130 kuye kwangama-900, kuya ngohlobo lwehlathi, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa abanye ukuthi bondle lapha. Emapaki ezwe lapho kudliwa khona izilwane, insimu incishiswa ibe ngamahektha angama-20. Umhlambi ungahamba ibanga elingu-1 km ngosuku, kepha imvamisa le ibanga incane kakhulu.

Ngabe idla ini?

Photo: Monkey Sock

INosach icishe ibe imifino ephelele. Ukudla kwakhe kuqukethe izimbali, izithelo, imbewu namaqabunga ezitshalo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-188, okuyiwona aqukethe cishe angama-50. Amaqabunga enza ama-60-80% akho konke ukudla, izithelo 8-35%, izimbali 3-7%. Ngokwezinga elincane, udla izinambuzane kanye namakati. Kwesinye isikhathi igaya emagxolweni ezinye izihlahla futhi idle izidleke zezinhlansi zokhuni, ezingumthombo wamaminerali ukwedlula amaprotheni.

Okuheha kakhulu ama-nosach:

• abamele umndeni omkhulu we-Eugene, esivame ezindaweni ezishisayo.
• imbewu yakhe egcwele uwoyela,
• I-Lofopetalum Javanese mass isitshalo nokuzalela kwamahlathi.
• izinganekwane,
• durian nemango
• izimbali ezi-yellow zemoncharis nezama-agapanthus.

Ukubekwa phambili komthombo othile wokudla kuya ngesizini, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMeyi, ama-nosachi adla izithelo, kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuDisemba - amaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga akhethwa yintsha, engaveli nje kuphela, futhi evuthiwe icishe ingadli. Idla ikakhulu ngemuva kokulala ekuseni nasebusuku, ngaphambi kokuba ulale. Emini, kuphazamisa ukudla okulula, ama-burps kanye noshizi ngokugaya kahle.

Ekhaleni linesisu esincane kunazo zonke kanye namathumbu amade kunawo wonke amancanyana. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ibamba ukudla kahle. Inkawu ingakudla ukudla futhi ukudonsa amagatsha uqobo, futhi ibambelele ezandleni zayo, imvamisa kwenye, ngoba enye idla ukudla.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Isithombe: I-Common Nose

Njengoba kufanele izinkawu ezifanele, ama-nosachi ayasebenza emini futhi alale ebusuku. Iqembu lilala ezihlahleni ezingomakhelwane, likhetha indawo eseduze nomfula. Sebedlile ekuseni, bangena ehlathini ehlathini, lapho bephumula noma bedla. Ngobusuku, babuyela emfuleni, lapho badla khona ngaphambi kokulala. Kwalinganiselwa nokuthi ama-42% wesikhathi esisetshenziswa eholidini, angama-25% ekuhambeni, 23% ekudleni. Isikhathi sonke sisatshalaliswa phakathi kwemidlalo (8%) nokuxubha (2%).

Ukuhamba kukaNosas ngazo zonke izindlela ezikhona:

• galloping
• gxuma uhambe, ucindezela izinyawo zabo,
• ushaya amagatsha, uphonsa imizimba yawo ngokweqile komunye umuthi,
• angakwazi ukulenga nokujikeleza amagatsha ezandleni zawo ngaphandle kosizo lwemilenze, njengama-acrobats,
• Ungagibela imithungo kuyo yonke imilenze,
• Bahamba benyuka, baphakamisela izandla zabo emanzini nasodakeni phakathi kwezimila zeminyundu yama mang mangves, okuyinto ebonakala kubantu kanye negibbon kuphela,
• ukubhukuda kahle - lezi zokubhukuda ezihamba phambili phakathi kwama-primates.

Umugqa we-nosy uhlala isitho sabo esimangalisayo. Kukholakala ukuthi impumulo ithuthukisa ukukhala kowesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzala futhi ihehe nabalingani abaningi. Enye inguqulo - isiza ukunqoba emzabalazweni wobuholi, oqukethe ukuqeda ophikisana naye. Kunoma ikuphi, isimo ngokusobala ngosayizi wekhala futhi abesilisa abaphambili kwepakethe yibo abakhala kakhulu. Ukukhala okukhanyayo kwe-nosers, abayikhipha uma kunengozi noma ngesikhathi sokuzala, kusatshalaliswa kude - amamitha angama-200. Bakhathazekile noma bathokozile njengosizo lomhlambi wamarhanisi, futhi bakhale. AbakwaNosocas baphila iminyaka engama-25, abesifazane baletha inzalo yabo yokuqala eneminyaka emi-3 - 5 ubudala, abesilisa baba ngabazali abaneminyaka emi-5 kuya kwengama-7.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngolunye usuku, ikhala, elalibalekela umzingeli, labhukuda imizuzu engama-28 ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngaphandle kokubonisa ebusweni. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuwukweqisa, kepha ngokuqinisekile babhukuda ngamamitha angama-20 ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Hatchling Cub

UNosachi uhlala emihlanjini emincane equkethe owesilisa kanye noyise, noma owesilisa kuphela. Amaqembu aqukethe izinkawu ezingama-3-30, azinzile impela, kepha hhayi ahlukaniswe ngokuqine kakhulu futhi umuntu ngamunye, owesilisa nowesifazane, angahamba esuka komunye uya komunye. Lokhu kusungulwa ngumakhelwane noma ngisho nenyunyana yamaqembu ngamanye ebusuku. AmaNosachi akumangazi ukuthi anolaka, aze abhekise nakwamanye amaqembu. Akuvamile ukuthi balwe, bakhetha ukumemeza isitha. Owesilisa oyinhloko, ngaphezu kokuzivikela ezitheni zangaphandle, unakekela ukulawulwa kobudlelwano ephaketheni futhi ahlakaze izingxabano.

Emaqenjini kukhona isikhundla esiphakathi kwezenhlalo, owesilisa oyinhloko uyakhonya. Lapho efuna ukuheha owesimame, ukhala kakhulu ekhombisa izitho zangasese. Isikhafu esimnyama nepenis ebomvu ekhanyayo iveza ngokusobala izifiso zayo. Noma isimo esidumile. Enye ayikhiphi enye. Kepha izwi eliqhamukayo lingelesalowo wesifazane, anikine ikhanda, asuse izindebe zakhe enze eminye iminyakazo, okwenza kucace ukuthi akahambisani nobulili. Amanye amalungu e-pack angangenelela kule nqubo, ngokuvamile, ama-nosachi awalandeli isimilo esiqinile kulolu daba.

Ukuzala kabusha akuxhomekile enkathini futhi kwenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho insikazi isilungele lokhu. Insikazi izala eyodwa, kuyaqabukela izingane ezimbili, ngesikhashana sokulinganiselwa eminyakeni emi-2. Isisindo sezintsha zisondele ku-0,5 kg. Ezinyangeni ezi-7-8, iwundlu liphuza ubisi ligibele kumama, libambelele ejokeni lakhe. Kepha izibopho zomndeni ziyaqhubeka isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuthola inkululeko. Izingane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, zithokozela ukunakwa nokunakekelwa kwabesifazane abasele, abangazigqoka, bazishaye futhi bazihlanganise.

Iqiniso elihehayo: AbakwaNosachi banobungane nakwezinye izinkawu abangomakhelwane babo eziqongweni zezihlahla - ama-macaque amade, ama-langurs esiliva, ama-gibbons nama-orangutan, eduze kwawo aze ahlalisa kuwo ubusuku.

Isikhulu sokuqapha

Photo: Nosach from the Red Book

INosach ibhalwe kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN njengohlobo “olusengozini” kanye nesicelo seCITES esenqabela ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe kulezi zilwane. Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala zezinkawu zigcina zipaka ezivikelekile ezweni lonke. Kepha lokhu akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yokuhluka emithethweni nasezimweni ezihlukile zezifundazwe ngokubhekelela kulondolozo lwendalo. Uma eSabah lesi silinganiso sivumele ukugcina inani elizinzile leqembu lendawo, khona-ke e-Indonesia Kalimantan, abantu abasezindaweni ezivikelwe banqanyulwa.

Isilinganiso esithandwayo njengokuzalela ku-zoos nokukhululwa okulandelayo emvelweni kuleli cala akusebenzi, ngoba ama-nosachi awasindi ekudingisweni. Okungenani kude nezwe. Inkinga nge-nosy ukuthi bakubekezelela kabi ukugqilazwa kabi, bathambekele ekucindezelekeni futhi bayashesha ekudleni. Bafuna ukudla kwabo okungokwemvelo futhi bangaziboni ezinye.Ngaphambi kokuvinjelwa kokuthengiswa kwezilwane ezinqabileyo kuqale ukusebenza, ama-nosoci amaningi athathwa ayiswa ezilwaneni zezilwane, lapho wonke ashonela khona ngaphambi kuka-1997.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Indaba elandelayo iyisibonelo senhlala-kahle yezilwane engenandaba. Esiqiwini sikazwelonke sesiqhingi sezinkawu zaseKaget, esasicishe sibe ngama-300, saphela ngokuphelele ngenxa yemisebenzi yezolimo engekho emthethweni yabantu bendawo. Abanye babulawa yindlala, abantu abangama-84 baxoshwa baya ezindaweni ezingaphephile kanti abayi-13 kubo bafa ngenxa yokuxineka. Ezinye izilwane ezingama-61 zilethwe e-zoo, lapho kwafa khona amaphesenti angama-60 zingakapheli izinyanga ezi-4 ngemuva kokubanjwa. Isizathu ukuthi ngaphambi kokuphinde kwakhiwe akuzange kube nezinhlelo zokuqalwa ezenziwayo, azikho izindawo ezintsha ezihloliwe. Ukubanjwa nokuthuthwa kwe-nosy kwakuphathwa ngaphandle kobuchopho obufanele, okudingeka ebudlelwaneni nale nhlobo.

INosach idinga kuphela ukuvuselela isimo sengqondo ekuvikelweni kwemvelo ezingeni lombuso futhi yandise isibopho sokwephula umbuso wokuvikela ezindaweni ezivikelwe. Kuyakhuthaza futhi ukuthi nezilwane uqobo ziqale ukuzijwayela nokuphila emasimini futhi zikwazi ukudla ngamaqabunga esundu kakhukhunathi ne-hevea.