IBulldog yesiNgisi iyinja enamandla, nenothile enemisipha ekhule kahle. Ngokwemvelo yabo elinganayo, ingqondo yabo yemvelo nokuhlanzeka, i-bulldog ibizwa ngokuthi "umlungu waseNgilandi."

Imininingwane emfushane

• Igama Lokuzala: IsiNgisi bulldog
• Izwe Lomsuka: E-UK
• Isisindo: owesilisa angu-24-25 kg, insikazi angama-22-23 kg
• Ukuphakama (ukuphakama kubuna): cishe 40 cm
• Iskhathi sempilo: Iminyaka engu-7-16

Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu

• Umuntu obulala isiNgisi osekhulile - inja iyavilapha futhi ngaphandle kokushisekela kakhulu ukuhamba, ingaba nenkani. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uhlale ulungile, ukuhamba nsuku zonke kubalulekile.
• Ukushisa kanye nomswakama kuyisijeziso sangempela sezinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalela. Ukuhamba ne-bulldog ngosuku lwehlobo olunelanga, qiniseka ukuthi isilwane sakho asihlali ngokweqile, futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka, thatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo.
• I-Bulldog yesiNgisi akuyona eyokuzalelwa "komgwaqo". Egcekeni lendlu, e-kennel ejwayelekile, ngeke akhululeke kakhulu, futhi konke kungenxa yokuthi unejazi elifushane elingavikeleki emakhazeni. Lezi zinja zingagcinwa kuphela endlini noma efulethini.
• Izinceku ezinemilenze emine zivame ukwenza umsindo omningi. Ziyabheda, ziyagobhoza, futhi ebusuku ziphuphume ngokuphelele.
• Enye into eyingqayizivele yalezi zinja ayihambelani neze nezinkambiso "ezingokwenkani" - zivame ukuhlushwa ukuqothuka, okungukuthi, ukwakhiwa kwegesi. Kubantu abancinza, lokhu kungaba yinkinga yangempela.
• I-Bulldog yesiNgisi isengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene zokuphefumula. Isizathu sisobuso obufushane, okwenza i-nasopharynx ibe sengozini yamagciwane ahlukahlukene.
• Abamele lolu hlobo lokufuya bavame ukuba nobuthakathaka, bathola kalula isisindo bese beba nokukhuluphala.
• Ngenxa yekhanda elikhulu nezici zesakhiwo segebhezi, ama-bulldogs amaNgisi anobunzima bokuzala inzalo. Imidlwane eminingi izalwa isebenzisa isigaba se-cesarean.

IsiNgisi bulldog - Hhayi kuphela unogada omkhulu, kepha futhi ungumngane weqiniso. Noma ngabe ngesizathu esithile uzizwa udabukile enhliziyweni, leli squat “lesiNgisi” elinobuso obuhlekisayo lizokwazi ukukujabulisa. Kepha uma ikhanda elikhulu, imibimbi eminingi nokusonga ebusweni kungahlekisa, okuyilapho izinja ezisebenzisa kabi izinja zomuntu zingasunduza kude. I-English Bulldog ingumnikazi wokubukeka okunesimilo kakhulu ongeke wasidida nanoma yikuphi okunye. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo, kungabonakala sengathi isilwane lesi ngesimo saso sihlala futhi sihamba kancane. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela ingozi yangempela yakhe noma umnikazi wayo, inja izosabela ngokushesha futhi izokwazi ukuzivikela. Umdabu onezinyawo ezine eMisty Albion unesimo esizolile nomlingisi olinganiselayo. Lezi zici zihlanganiswa nesibindi ngisho nokuba nenkani.

Umlando wohlobo lwesiNgisi iBulldog

Ngekhulu le-17 nele-19, ama-bulldogs amadala amaNgisi avela kuma-mastiffs ase-Central Asia nase-North Caucasian Alans asatshalaliswa endaweni yeGreat Britain. Babedingeka njengezinja ezizingelayo zokuzingela. Leli gama lihambisana ngokuphelele nenhloso yalo: igama elithi "bulldog" lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiNgisini ngokuthi "inja yenkunzi". Kungamabhulebhu amadala esiNgisi angamadlozi amaqhawe esihloko sethu - ama-bulldogs amaNgisi anamuhla.

Kunokufana okubalulekile ngokubonakala phakathi kwesiNgisi sakudala ne-bulldog yesiNgisi yanamuhla. Kepha umehluko omkhulu usewumlingiswa. Okhokho babanogogogo banamuhla babemabi kakhulu. Babesetshenziselwa ukujabulisa izixuku, zigibele izinkunzi, amahhashi ngisho namabhere namabhubesi. Izimpi ezinjalo ezinegazi zaholela ekufeni kwezilwane zasendle hhayi zodwa, kodwa futhi nezikhulu zombango uqobo, ezaba yizisulu zamangwane, izimpondo nezinselo.Ukuphela kwalokhu, uma ngingasho kanjalo, ukuzijabulisa kwafika ngo-1835, lapho uhulumeni waseBrithani ekuvinjele ngokuphelele izinkabi zezinkunzi. Kepha lokhu akuzange kumise abathandi be- “midlalo” begazi: uma ngabe kungenakwenzeka ukugxilisa izinhlamvu ezindala zamaNgisi ngezinkunzi, khona-ke esikhundleni sokugcina baqala ukusebenzisa ezinye izinja.

Ngemuva kwesikhashana, izimpi zezinja zavalwa. Kepha ubuntu obunjalo badlala ihlaya elinobudlova nabadala bamaNgisi. Njengoba ngilahlekelwe yithuba lokubamba iqhaza ezimpini - kungaba ngezilwane zasendle noma ngezinye izinja - ukuzalela kwaqala ukonakala, ngoba imihlathi yayo enamandla anamandla, eqinile eneqhingi efile ayikwazanga ukusetshenziswa. Okunye futhi ukushaya kohlobo lokuzala ukuqothulwa kwangempela kwalo, ngoba ama-bulldogs ayehambisana nabamele ezinye izinhlobo, futhi ekugcineni kwasala izinja ezimbalwa ezingenacala.

Ngo-1858-1859, umsebenzi waqala ngokulondolozwa kwamaNgisi Bulldogs. Kodwa-ke, abafuyi bezinkampani bazibekele omunye umsebenzi - ukuqeda ububi obungadingekile kubo. Akunjalo ngaphandle kobunzima kulo lonke elaseBrithani lakhetha abantu abalingene kakhulu. Ngemuva konyaka, kwenziwa umbukiso eBirmingham, lapho kwethulwa khona amasampula wohlobo "olusha". Ngobunjalo bawo nangomhlaba wangaphakathi, lokhu bekude kakhulu nama-bulldogs ayaziwa ngaphambili. Izivakashi kulo mbukiso zikwazile ukuhlola umsebenzi wozalo nofuzo ngokugcwele: ukubukeza bekukuhle kakhulu!

Ngo-1873, lo mjaho waqashelwa ngokusemthethweni yi-English Kennel Club, njengoba kufakazelwa ukungena kwezincwadi zesikhathi ngaleso sikhathi. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1880s, ama-bulldogs amaNgisi ngokuya ngokuya aqala ukunaka ngaphandle kwezwe lawo elingumlando. Futhi namhlanje akekho oyosho ukuthi kungani bethandwa: ngokubukeka kwabo okuhlekisayo noma umlingiswa olinganiselayo - okungenzeka kakhulu, futhi kubo bobabili.

Umlando womsuka

Ikhanda elikhulu, umhlathi onamandla onemikhono lenze ukuthi ibambe inkunzi ngokuqinile, ikhala eligobekile lalivumela inja ukuba iphefumule ngenkathi ilenga esilwaneni, emaceleni esibeletho igazi legazi ligelezela emaceleni ngaphandle kokugcwalisa amehlo akhe - ukubukeka nokwakheka kwama-bulldogs kwakungaphansi kokunqoba empini. Ukuhlatshwa ngenkani kwezinkabi kwakuyisikhathi esidala eNgilandi kuze kube kuphasiswa umthetho ngo-1835 owenqabela lokhu kwegazi. Futhi ama-bulldogs awasasebenzi ngalutho - bekungasizi ngalutho ukuwanakekela nokuqeqesha izinja ezinkulu, ngoba ziyekile ukukhipha imali. Ezinye zezimpimpi zathunyelwa emakoloni aseBrithani, lapho umthetho wokulwa nezinkunzi zingahlukumezi kangako, baba nentshisekelo e-United States, lapho kwathathwa khona inamba enkulu yezinja, kwathi engxenyeni yeNgilandi ama-bulldogs aqala ukonakala.

Ngenhlanhla, abathanda abambalwa kanye nabathandi bemfuyo bazibekela umgomo wokugcina umcebo wezwe, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kwadingeka ukuba baphinde 'bavule izinja' - kusukela ekulweni nolaka olunamandla lwezinhlamvu zaphenduka "umngani wendoda eyiqiniso." Abafuyi bahlakulela umusa nokubekezela ku-Bulldog yesiNgisi, amanye ama-phlegm, ngenkathi begcina isibindi nokuzimisela ukuvikela umniniyo. Ngenxa yokukhethwa, ama-bulldogs alahlekelwe yizimfanelo zawo zokuqala zokulwa nokulanda izinja, zaphenduka uhlobo lokuhlobisa oluzizwa luhle ezimweni zasemadolobheni. Ama-bulldogs esiNgisi angabizwa ngokuthi umsebenzi wobuciko, okuyisidalwa lapho ukuhlonipha kuhlanganiswa kahle nokuziqhenya kanye nokuzithoba okuhle. Ngo-1864, iBulldog Club yokuqala yasungulwa eNgilandi, eyathuthukisa amazinga okuzala ama-bulldogs anamuhla angamaNgisi. Ngolunye ushintsho, zamukelwa yi-International Cynological Federation. E-Russia, ama-bulldogs okuqala avele ngaphambi kweMvukelo ka-Okthoba, asetshenziswa ekuzingeleni noma njengezinja ezihamba naye. Kepha maphakathi nawo-1920s kwakungekho bulldogs ezweni laseSoviet - babebhekwa njengezinja ezilinganayo, izinja zonxiwankulu. Baqale ukungeniswa futhi kuphela ngeminyaka yama-80s edlule, kwathi ngonyaka we-2000s, imfashini yama-bulldogs yafika phezulu.Abafuyi baseRussia benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokufuya, ama-bulldogs ethu avame ukuzuza imiklomelo emibukisweni yamazwe omhlaba, kanti imidlwane yokuzalaniswa kwamaRussia ithandwa emhlabeni wonke.

Incazelo yokuzala

I-English Bulldog iyinja equkethe isitoko, inamandla futhi icwebile yesiqu esifushane. Ikhanda likhulu, kodwa lilingana nomzimba, ngokulingana - ukujikeleza kwenhloko kucishe kulingane nokukhula kwenja. Intamo inamandla, iqinile, iqinile, umugqa we-scruff uphawuleka ngokunembile. Isibalo sibanzi, sifushane, siphakanyisiwe. Imihlathi ikhulu kakhulu, ibanzi, umhlathi ophansi welulwa kakhulu phambili ngokulunywa okubunjiwe. Imifundaze yayi-saggy, iminyene, imboze umhlathi ongezansi ezinhlangothini zombili. Ekhaleni elibunjiwe, elincanyana, nelimnyama, emakhaleni amakhulu. Amehlo mancane, amiswe ububanzi futhi aphansi - ebangeni elikhulu ukusuka ezindlebeni, umbala wamehlo kufanele ube mnyama ngangokunokwenzeka. Izindlebe zihlukene banzi, zincane, zizacile, zilenga ku-cartilage. Ubuna ngaphansi emuva. Umhlane unamandla, ubanzi esifubeni futhi ugoqeka ku-pelvis, uklanywa isondo. Isifuba sibanzi kakhulu, sinamandla, sinezimbambo eziyindilinga, sehliswa ngaphambili ngaphansi komphetho. Amabunzi angaphambili anesikelelo esinamandla ahlukaniswe kabanzi, anamisipha kakhulu, aqondile, amafushane kunezinyawo ezingemuva, imilenze yangaphambili ibunjiwe, kuphenduka kancane ngaphandle ngeminwe eminyene.

Izitho zomzimba wesibeletho ziphakeme kancane kunangaphambili, ziqinile, izicubu zomzimba, amalunga we-hock alethwe ngokulinganayo. Umsila umfishane, uqondile noma ukhonkolo, uthinta ubheke ngasekupheleni, kufanele ubekwe uphansi. Ikhanda nesipikili emphethweni ojulile, kusukela emhlathini ophansi kuya esifubeni, amafula amabili avumelanayo akha ukumiswa. Ijazi lifushane, liqondile, liyaqina, lithambile uma lithintwa. Umbala wama bulldogs esiNgisi ungaba wezinhlobo ezintathu: i-monophonic - obomvu, obomvu, ophuzi noma onsundu onsundu, i-motley - ihlosi noma bomvu ngombala omhlophe, izinkathazo - umbala we-monophonic onobuso obumnyama noma imaskhi emnyama.

Izici zokuzala

Abamele ezinye izinhlobo, ngokwesibonelo, i-American Akita noma i-Alaskan Malamute, ilangazelela inkululeko impela. Bathanda ukuhamba, bephambana. Kepha lokhu akunakushiwo nge-Bulldog yesiNgisi. Le nja ingumuntu wasekhaya wangempela. Indawo ayithandayo kakhulu endlini usofa omkhulu, azungeza kuwo njalo futhi angalala okungenani usuku lonke. Ukuhamba amabanga amade, ikakhulukazi amabanga amade, nawo awekho ekunambithekeni kwakhe. "Indoda yethu" inethezekile kakhulu eduze kwendlu.

Enye into ezalaniswa ngokuzalaniswa kwayo yinkani enomona. Uma i-bulldog yesiNgisi ingafuni ukwenza okuthile, uzokhipha ngokoqobo ngenkathi uyiphoqa. Ngesinye isikhathi, kuqala ukubonakala sengathi izinzwa azikwazi ukukubamba, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthukuthela isilwane sakho, esihlukaniswa ngokuziphatha okuhlekisayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzokukwenza umamatheke ngokungathandi noma ngabe kukuncane kangakanani efiselekayo.

I-English Bulldog izoba ngumngane weqiniso kumalungu amancane omndeni. Ukuxhumana nezingane kusungulwe kuye ngokuqinile futhi maqondana nabo uziphatha kahle. Phakathi kokushiyeka, ngithanda ukugqamisa iqiniso lokuthi izinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalwa zithanda kakhulu ukugoqa izinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-slipper asendlini. Uma ungamniki amathoyizi amaningi wokuhlafuna, isilwane sizokonakalisa impahla yakho ngokunukubeza imilenze yamasofa, izihlalo, amatafula ngamazinyo akho.

Esinye isici esivelelayo salokhu kuzalanisa ukuthi abomdabu baseBritish Isles abakubekezeleli ukushisa. Ngalesi sizathu, ngokuhlala endaweni eshisayo, i-bulldog yesiNgisi ngeke ibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu. Kepha-ke kufanelekile ukuhlala edolobheni, ngoba akudingi ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo. Kuliqiniso, abanikazi abaningi abangahle babe ngabadidekile ngumbala wephunga kanye nephunga elivela enjeni. Lokhu kungaba yinkinga ngempela ezindlini zasemadolobheni, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthenga imidlwane ye-bulldog yesiNgisi, zibhekisise kahle ukuthi ungasondelana naye yini, unikezwe izici ezinjalo zesilwane.

Ukuvela kwe-English Bulldog

AmaNgisi Bulldogs angabanikazi bekhanda elikhulu ne-pelvis encane. Ngenxa yezici ezinjalo ezihlelekile ezivimbela imidlwane ukuthi idlule emseleni wokubeletha ngokujwayelekile, abamele lokhu kuzalanisa bavame ukuzala ngosizo lodokotela wezilwane owenza isigaba secesarean. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-bulldog yesiNgisi ingeyezinja ze-brachycephalic, isici esivelelayo esiyimpumulo nekhanda elicindezelekile.

Lezi "English" ezihlekisayo zibuye zivezwe ngokungaziphathi ngobumnene. Njengoba baphefumula ngemilomo yabo evulekile, bagwinya umoya omningi ngasikhathi sinye, okuthi, empeleni, kubangele ukugcwala. Abanikazi badinga noma bajwayele nje, noma bahlale benomoya opholile nabo.

Izici zokuphepha nezokuqapha

Kwelasekhaya le-English Bulldog yayibizwa ngokuthi yinja yenny. Lesi sidlaliso silifanele kahle, ngoba kunzima ukuthola isimo sokunakekela nokunakekela isilwane enganeni. Enye yezimpawu zohlobo lwe-English Bulldog zohlobo lwayo ukukwazi ukubekezelela ngisho nobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.

Ngezinzuzo zayo ezibalulekile zingabizwa ngokuthi ukuzivumelanisa nezikhala ezindaweni ezincane, akudingi ukuhamba amabanga amade. Lezi zici zenza ukuthi lolu hlobo lwenja lube isilwane esifanele kunoma yimuphi umndeni. Le nja enamandla, noma ingeyinkulu kakhulu iyakwazi ukuvusa uzwela kunoma yimuphi umuntu.

Okuvamile

IsiNgisi Bulldog iyinja ephakathi nendawo. Unezinwele ezibushelelezi, ezicijile futhi unesikwati. Ikhanda likhulu ngokusobala, likhulu, i-girth yalo ilingana nokuphakama kwenja lapho ibuna. Isici esibonakalayo sama-bulldogs yisifushane futhi esibanzi sempondo ngekhala elifanayo nelikhulu.

Ukukhula kubuna kuncike ebulilini. Emadodeni angama-36-41 cm, kwabesifazane - cm angama-30- 36. Kwabesilisa kungaphezulu futhi kunesisindo, kungama-20-25 kg. Ama-Bitches anesisindo esingu-16-20 kg.

I-English Bulldog ayihlanganisi kuphela imisebenzi yomlindi, kodwa futhi nomlindi womzimba, umngane ojabule nomngane othembekile. Isimo senja siyathandana impela, kepha sibonga ukubukeka okunamandla, uyakwazi ukuthatha indawo yenja yokugada: unogwaja usabisa izivakashi ezingalindele ezijabule ngempahla yabanye abantu.

Umlando wokuzala

Izwe lama-Bulldogs amaNgisi yiGreat Britain. Indaba yalezi zinja ezimangalisayo ayijwayelekile kakhulu, iyathakazelisa futhi igcwele imininingwane yamagazi. Okokuqala, i-bulldog ihunyushwa isuselwa esiNgisini ngokuthi "inja yenkunzi". Akumangazi, ngoba amadlozi asendulo abameleli banamuhla abazalanayo babesetshenziswa njengezinja ezijagelayo. Kukholakala ukuthi aqhamuka kuma-Alans nama Mastiffs. Ukwesaba kwalezi zilwane kwakuyindaba edumile.

Uma sibheka izithombe zanamuhla nezindala zamaNgisi, ngokuqinisekile sizothola okuningi okufana ngokufana ngokubukeka kwazo. Ngokuqondene nemvelo yalezi zihlobo, kuncane okufana ngakho, akukho lutho. Okhokho benkathi yanamuhla abangamaNgisi babenolaka ngokweqile futhi benonya. Amandla okubekezelela izinhlungu ezingabekezeleleki, imihlathi enamandla ene-grip efile, izicubu zensimbi zavumela ama-bulldogs ama-Old English ukuba abahlanganyeli abangenazimpi ezimpini ezahlukahlukene.

Okhokho bakudala kakhulu, ngenhloso yokujabulisa umphakathi, babamba iqhaza ekushushisweni kwezinkabi. Lapho-ke abanikazi balezi zinja zenkabi, sebehlolile amandla angenamkhawulo ama-fighters akuzo, baqala ukuzilwisa ngamabhubesi namabhere. Imali eningi yatholwa egazini lezilwane, futhi hhayi kuphela izangoma nezinkabi ezafa. Ngaphansi kwezinselo, izinzipho, kwafa izinja zezimpondo ngezimpondo. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinja zezinkunzi zazifanele isisindo sazo ngegolide futhi zazisencwadini yedumela.

Ukuthandwa kwama-bulldogs kwehle kusukela ngo-1835. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho i-United Kingdom yethula khona umthetho wokuvinjelwa kwezinkabi. Ukuze bangadumazi abathandi bemibukiso enegazi, abagqugquzeli balwa izimpi zezinja. Ezimpini nezinye izinhlobo, ama-bulldogs athola udumo njengowokuchitha igazi kakhulu nonganqobeki. Kepha kwavinjelwa lo mbono onesihluku. Kubukeka sengathi manje ama-bulldogs amaNgisi ayelinde ukuqothuka, akunakwenzeka ukuthola isicelo sesimo sawo esibi nesinolaka.

Bazama ukuthola inzalo esebenzayo, abanikazi bama-bulldogs amaNgisi baya ngokuya bavumela izilwane zabo ezifuywayo ukuba ziwele nezinye izinhlobo zezinja. Ngenxa yalokhu, zazimbalwa kakhulu izinja zenkomo ezimhlophe ezazingasasebenzi mhlobo kangangokuba umhlambi wawususondele ekuqothulweni.

Kusukela ngo-1858, abathanda i-Old English Bulldogs baye bangazwisisi ukubuyiselwa kwabantu kuphela, kodwa nokulungiswa kwesimo salezi zilwane. Ngempela, ukuze sibatholele indawo ezweni lesimanje elinokuthula, kwakudingekile ukuthukuthela kwabo nolaka lwabo. Umsebenzi wabafuyi bezindawo waphumelela. Abasunguli bama-bulldogs anamuhla angamaNgisi bangabameli abalinganiselayo bezilwane.

Kakade ngo-1860, kwahanjiswa ama-bulldogs amaNgisi embukisweni owawuseBirmingham, owawungabizwa ngokuthi izinja zokuhlobisa, hhayi ezokulwa. U-1873 waphawulwa ukuqashelwa ngokusemthethweni kohlobo olusha lokuhlobisa lwesiNgisi. Kusukela ngo-1880, abamele lezi zinhlobo baqala ukuzuza uzwela lwabazalisi bezinja emhlabeni wonke. Manje i-bulldog yesiNgisi ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezibizayo. Ezimpilweni zabo azisekho izimpi zamagazi, kukhona ukunakekelwa nothando lwabanikazi kuphela.

Ikhanda

Ikhanda, uma liqhathaniswa nosayizi wenja wonke, likhulu impela. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, akaphuli ukuvumelanisa okujwayelekile, ngakho-ke i-bulldog yesiNgisi ayibukeki iphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho ikhwalithi yokunyakaza kwayo ingahlupheka. Isizalo sibanzi futhi simfushane, sihlukaniswa ngumqhumo phezulu.

Ibunzi le-bulldog liyisicaba, ngaphezulu kwesifakwalo nakho kuyakhamba futhi akulengisi. Kunemikhonto ebunjiwe ebunzini kanye nesikhumba ekhanda. Ukudla okubonakalayo kubonakala kusuka esitobhini kuya phezulu kukakhasi - kubanzi futhi kujulile.

Amathambo angaphambili kulokho kugqekeziwe futhi aqoshwe. Bahlukaniswa futhi nokuphakama, ubude nobude besikwele.

I-Bulldog yesiNgisi inesistimu ebanzi nekhulu yomumo wesikwele. Umhlathi ophansi, ngokungafani nenhla, ubhekisa amabombo ngaphambili futhi ugobile phezulu. Umhlathi unezinto eziyisithupha ezifakwa phakathi kwamafangini entanjeni eqondile. Lezi zokugcina zinohlelo olubanzi.

Abamele lo mfuzo unamazinyo amakhulu futhi anamandla, okuthi, uma umlomo uvaliwe, kufihlwe ngokuphelele emlonyeni. Uma ubheka phambili, ungabona ukuthi indawo yomhlathi ophansi ifana nephezulu - itholakala ngqo ngaphansi kwayo.

Okujwayelekile

IsiNgisi Bulldog luhlobo olusezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Isisindo Sabadala 23-25 ​​kg. ngokukhula 35-40 cm. Abesilisa banamandla amakhulu, amakhudlwana futhi asindayo kunama-bitches.

Ikhanda elikhulu, elibanzi libekwe entanyeni emfishane, eqinile. Kuqashelwa i-scruff enhle, kukhona izindonga zesikhumba umphimbo. Intamo emincane nentamo ende ayamukeleki. Izindlebe ezinkulu, ezincane, ziphakanyiswa kancane ku-cartilage. Zingxantathu ngesimo, amathiphu azungezwe kancane. Ebunzini ngemibimbi eminingi. Amehlo amnyama, hhayi amakhulu kakhulu, ayindilinga ngesimo. Isici esiyingqayizivele se-bulldog isitatimende esibuhlungu, ukubonakaliswa okungathi sína kwe-muzzle, njengasezinsizeni. Konke kungenxa yokuthi izikhwama zesikhumba zilenga ngaphezu kwamashiya.

Isibalo sisifushane, sinesici sekhala. Kunemibimbi ejulile ebusweni bonke. Imihlathi inamandla, isikwele. Ukuluma kweBulldog, ukuguquka ngokuhoxisa.

Ubuna ngamagobongo esikhumba aminyene. Umhlane umfishane, umsipha. Ubuningi nokuthamba emuva kungemukelekile ngokwejwayelekile. I-Croup eyindilinga, yemisipha. Isifuba sibanzi. Isisu siqinisiwe kancane. Izinyawo ziqondile, ziyafana, azide kakhulu. Amahlombe okhalweni kukhona imisipha. Imilenze emide, ebuthakathaka ayamukeleki ngokwejwayelekile. Amaphayi ayindilinga, hhayi amakhulu kakhulu.

Umsila ukhipha ngokulinganayo ngasekupheleni. Amafushane, abumbeke ngesimo se-cylindrical, ubude akufanele bube ngaphezu kwama-8 cm.

Ijazi lithambile, lifushane futhi licwebezele. Akukho undercoat etholakalayo. Ijazi elide, eliqinile futhi lika-wavy alamukeleki ngokujwayelekile. Umbala uvunyelwe noma iyiphi ithafa. Ama-bulldogs ajwayelekile kakhulu esiNgisi anomamaski omnyama. Izinja ezinombala ofanayo walokhu kuzalaniswa okukhona nebala esifubeni azivunyelwe.

Uma uqala ukubuka, i-bulldog yesiNgisi iyindida, iyavilapha futhi iyathambile.Eqinisweni, le nja idinga ukuhamba amabanga amade, imidlalo esebenzayo, ngumnikazi kuphela okufanele afundise isilwane kukho konke lokhu. I-Bulldog yesiNgisi iyavilapha ngempela. Uma ungamcunuli ukuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke, angazitholela ukukhuluphala.

Ukuhamba nokuzivocavoca ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo akunconywa, ngoba abamele lolu hlobo lwesilwane abakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa futhi bangahlupheka kakhulu ngalo. Akunconywa nokuthi uhambe kulezi zinja ngamakhaza, imvula, isimo sezulu esineqhwa.

Izinwele ezimfishane ezingenayo ngaphansi kwekhofi zangaphansi azikwazi ukuvikela inja emakhazeni, ngakho-ke lapho uhamba emvuleni nasebandeni kungaholela ezinkingeni ezibandayo noma ezinye zezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuzalaniswa kunesakhiwo se-anatomical sude, lapho ukushiswa kokushisa kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ama-bulldogs avilapha athanda induduzo, ngakho-ke ahlala ezama ukulala embhedeni we-master. Uma umvumela embhedeni wakho, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuphuma nesilwane sakho lapho. Ngaphambi kokuthenga imidlwane, mhlomise ngekhoneni ngombhede okhululekile. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele kube seduzane nemishini yokufudumeza nephaseji. Ngaphandle kwendawo yokuphumula, isilwane kufanele sibe nendawo yokudlela esinezitsha ezihlanzekile.

Njengoba sizixazululile izinkinga ngendawo yokudla nendawo yokuphumula, kufanele sinakekele inqubo yokuhlanzeka okuphoqelekile, ngaphandle kwayo impilo yenja ingaba sengozini. Ngezansi uhlu lwezinqubo ezidingekayo zamaNgisi Bulldogs:

• Kathathu ngesonto ukuhlanganisa isilwane nge-brashi eqinile.
• Ukugeza okuvamisile, izinqubo zamanzi ngokweqile kungaholela ekushwabeni nasekuvuvukeni, kuhambisane nokulunywa kanzima.
• Ngokungcola okuncane, ungasula uboya ngensangu emanzi.
• Ukuxubha amazinyo akho njalo.
• Amacala asikwa njengoba ayakhula.
• Sula, uhlanze futhi ubuke izindlebe namehlo njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10 ukuze kungabikho ukuvuvukala, ukulimala nokuqwabelana ngokweqile kwama-secretion, zombili izindlebe kanye neso.
• Ukugoqwa kwesikhumba ebusweni kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngesikhathi senqubo le, sula isikhumba nge-swamp ethambile yekotela bese yomile.

Abantu abadala bondliwa kabili ngosuku. Ukweqisa ngokweqile akwamukeleki. Ekudleni akufanele kube yimikhiqizo ekhona ebangela ukuqhakaza (ubhontshisi, uphizi ...), inyama ebhemayo, amaswidi.

Amehlo

Indawo Amehlo akugebhezi aphansi, ibanga elihle kusuka ezindlebeni. Zisemgqeni ofanayo wokumisa futhi zitholakala ezilinganisweni ezingakwesokudla kumsele.

Ukuqondaniswa kwamehlo kubanzi, kepha amakhona angaphandle atholakala ngaphakathi komugqa wangaphandle wesihlathi. Ukuma kwabo kuyindilinga, ubukhulu buphakathi. Azibi phakathi kwe-orbit, kepha aziwona ama-convex. Umbala wamehlo umnyama kakhulu, ucishe waba mnyama. Uma zibukwa zivela phambili, azitholi amaprotheni abonakalayo.

Izindlebe zababhali besiNgisi mude. Uma ibukwa kusukela ngaphambili, izindlebe zodwa ezinomphetho wangaphambili zithinta ekhoneni eliphezulu lesigaxa, okungukuthi umugqa wayo wangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, izindlebe zibekwa njenge eziphakeme futhi ezikude namehlo.

Ukuma kwezindlebe yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-rose: alengiswa futhi abhekane ubuso emuva, okuwukuthi, emuva. Umphetho ongaphambili noma ongaphezulu ugobile ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, okubizwa ngokuthi emuva kolimi kwenziwa kubonakale kancane.

Ezempilo

Uhlangothi olubuthakathaka lwesiNgisi bulldog luyimpilo. Uhlu lwezifo izinja ezichazwe ngaphambilini lude kakhulu. Inazo zombili izifo ezibangelwa yifa futhi sizitholile. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nokondla, ama-bulldogs angaphila iminyaka engu-9 ukuya kweli-10.

Abanikazi be-bulldogs yesiNgisi balukhuni ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula nokwakheka kwamathambo abo, umzimba wonke. Konke kungenxa yokubukeka okungajwayelekile kwenja. Isifinyezo esifushane, esiflethi siholela ekuhlwithekeni lapho ulele, ezinkingeni ngohlelo lwenhliziyo, ama-bulldogs awakwazi ukubekezelela ukuzikhandla okukhulu komzimba. Kukhona nezinkinga eziningi ngesistimu ye-musculoskeletal.

Kubanikazi abangenalwazi bama-bulldogs esiNgisi, sinikeza uhlu lwezifo ezivame ukutholakala kubamele balolu hlobo lokuzalela:

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile - AmaBulldogs ane-metabolism ehamba kancane kanye nokuhlangana okubuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhuluphala kuyingozi kabili kubo.
• Allergy - isenzo sokuqala uma kwenzeka izinsolo zokuthi umuntu angakwazi ukumelana nomzimba wakhe zisuka kumnikazi wenja ukuthola imbangela yokungezwani komzimba. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukuqeda. Ngokuqondene nama-bulldogs esiNgisi, lokhu kungaba impova kusuka ezitshalweni, ukudla, amakhambi, noma ezinye izitshalo. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukwahlukanisa ngokuphelele isilwane emthonjeni wokungezwani komzimba, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umuthi obekwe udokotela wezilwane.
• Izifo zamehlo - ukungena kwe-entropion, iso le-cherry, i-cataract, i-keratoconjunctivitis lapho ingekho yokwelashwa nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, inja ingalahlekelwa umbono.
• I-distichiasis - isifo esihambisana nokukhula okungajwayelekile kwemisebe emaphethelweni ezinkophe.
• Ukushiswa unhlangothi.
• I-Hypothyroidism - Isifo esijwayelekile kakhulu sezinja.
• Izithulu - Kungatholakala ukutholakala kwezindlebe okuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwendlebe, isimila, ukulimala, ubuthi, njll. Futhi, amaBulldogs esiNgisi anomkhuba wokukhulisa ubuthulu bokuzalwa.
• I-dermatitis dermal imnandi - kwenzeka ngenxa yengcindezi nokunyakaza komsila wawo ogobile esikhumbeni sendawo yangaphambi kwangaphambi kwesikhumba, kanye nokuqhakaza.
• Ukuzalwa okunzima - Ezimweni eziningi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa isigaba secesarea.
• I-Lymphosarcoma - Lesi isimila esidabukisayo, isakhi sangaphansi sesakhiwo saso esiyizakhi zamaselula zochungechunge lwama-lymphoid, oluboniswa ukulimala kwama-lymph node.
• Isifo senhliziyo.
• I-Demodecosis - isifo se-parasitic. Kubangelwa izibungu ezincane kakhulu ezidla esikhunjeni kanye nensimbi eqinile.
• I-Dysplasia - ukulimala kwamalunga, kuhambisana ne-lameness, ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi, lapho kungekho ukwelashwa, ukungasebenzi.

Nakanjani, umnikazi wenja kufanele enze ukugoma okuhleliwe ngesikhathi. Udinga futhi ukukhombisa isilwane esihlala njalo kudokotela wezilwane ezivivinyweni zokuvimbela futhi uthathe i-x-ray ukuthola i-dysplasia ehlangene.

Impumulo nezindebe

Ikhala le-English Bulldog libanzi futhi likhulu; liphinde lazijwayezela phakathi kwamehlo. Isibaya samakhala asithinti umugqa wephrofayili Umbala umnyama, akukho okufakiwe oku-brown, kwesibindi noma okubomvu. Amakhala anezici ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zivulekile, futhi i-groove emile ibonakala kahle phakathi kwabo.

Izindebe zibanzi futhi zinene futhi ngasikhathi sinye sijule kakhulu. Ngenxa yekhwalithi yakamuva, bavala ngokuphelele imihlathi kusuka ezinhlangothini. Kepha lokhu akwenzeki ngaphambili: lapha izindebe zimboza amazinyo kuphela.

I-Bulldog yesiNgisi yathola intamo yobude obuphakathi, eqinile, eqinile futhi ewugqinsi impela. Inesimo se-convex kancane. Emphinjeni womphimbo kukhona isikhumba esigaxekile, esixegayo nesisongelwe, sakha i-chin (ibele) lesibili, elisuka komhlathi ophansi liye esifubeni.

Izinga lokuzalela lidinga ukuthi intamo ivumelane ubude nosayizi wekhanda lomzimba nenja. Uma intamo imfushane, lokhu kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwezinkinga zokuphefumula esilwaneni, kungasaphathwa iqiniso lokuthi ubude obunganele abuthinti ukubukeka okujwayelekile kwe-bulldog yesiNgisi ngendlela ehamba phambili.

Isimilo

I-English Bulldog enenhlalo enesikhathi esijwayelekile futhi ungumngane ofanelekayo kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni. Inja enjalo enawo wonke umphefumulo wayo inamathele kubo bonke abadala nezingane. Uma isilwane sohlobo oluchaziwe sisuswa emndenini, uzohlupheka kakhulu futhi akhuthazelele ukwahlukana kunzima. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa isikhathi eside ukushiya ama-bulldogs amaNgisi noma ukunikeza abantu abadala komunye umndeni unomphela.

AmaBulldogs ahlangana kahle nezingane, ajabulele ukudlala nawo futhi akhuthazelele ama-prank awo. Indoda enomusa le ayisoze yacasula ingane. Okuwukuphela kokususa maqondana nobudlelwano phakathi kwezingane nama-bulldogs esiNgisi ukuthi inja enjalo ayifuni ukugijima, igxume futhi ibambe iqhaza emidlalweni esebenzayo isikhathi eside.Amandla abo alinganiselwe futhi ngenkathi izingane zifuna ukuzijabulisa, inja ifuna ukuya embhedeni wayo iphuze.

I-Bulldog ingumngane omkhulu hhayi wabantu kuphela, kodwa nezilwane ezifuywayo. Inja ithola ulimi olujwayelekile nazo zombili amakati nezinja, zakha ubuhlobo obuhle nomakhelwane bazo. Ama-bulldogs awanalo ulaka olungenanjongo, abesilisa kuphela abangaxhunyiwe abangakhombisa ulaka olubi, futhi ezimweni ezingandile.

Ezezindlu

Umugqa ophezulu, uma ubukwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokubuna, ushiywe kancane ezansi. Ngemuva kwalokho ikhuphukela emuva emuva, ibe izinga eliphakeme ukwedlula ukukhula kwenja lapho ibuna, futhi, ijika, inciphe emsileni. Ngenxa yalokhu "kuyinkimbinkimbi" okunjalo kolayini ophezulu, kwakhiwa i-arch ngesikebhe, okungenye yamakhadi avakashelwayo wohlobo.

Umhlane "wendoda" yethu imfushane, uhlukaniswa ngamandla. Emahlombe e-English Bulldog banzi. Kunciphile emuva emuva kuphela emuva okuphansi.

Isifuba sabamele lokhu kuzala sibanzi futhi sijulile, futhi kusuka ekubuneni futhi ngokuqondile kuya ezansi, kanye ne-convex nokujikeleza kusuka ezinhlangothini.

Isisu senja siqine, asigugi.

Ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo

Ama-bulldogs esiNgisi awazogada izinja, angumhlobiso nezifundo eziyisipesheli zokuqeqeshwa angazidingi. Kepha ayikho inja eyodwa engenza ngaphandle kwezifundo zemfundo nokuqeqeshwa.
Kubalulekile ukuthi inja iqeqeshelwe imiyalo elandelayo:

• Ayikho inja engenza ngaphandle kwekhola nokuvuza. Kusukela ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, imveku ifundiswa kokubili ukhokho kanye noxhumo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuvuza okufushane akwamukeleki. Inja izophuma futhi ibe novalo ngomkhawulo onjalo wenkululeko.
• Iqembu "eliseduze" nalo liyadingeka. Kunoma isiphi isimo, isilwane esifuywayo kufanele siphendule lo myalo bese sibuyela kumnikazi ucingo lokuqala.
• “Ukuhlala”, “ukuqamba amanga”, “akuvunyelwe” yimiyalo elula kakhulu edingekayo kunja ngayinye.

Ngesikhathi sokufunda, zama ukujwayela i-bulldog kuzivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ezidinga ukuhamba kwezilwane. Lokhu, empeleni, kuzomsiza.

Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo

IBulldog yesiNgisi ilungele cishe wonke umuntu. Kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukudonsa nokukhonkotha kwalezi zinja. Futhi abathambekele ekuhambeni okude okusebenzayo, bakhetha ukulala phansi bese bethamba. Ngamafuphi, ngaphambi kokuthenga imbuzane yalolu hlobo lokuzalela, kisisa izinzuzo nezinkinga:

Izimbotshana

I-Bulldog yesiNgisi inezingaphambili ezinkulu, eziqinile nezinamandla. Amanoni, anemisipha ekhule kahle, futhi anesethi ebanzi.

Umugqa ongaphandle wezitho ubukeka ukothulwe ngokubonakalayo, kepha amathambo abo aqondile: akukho bhaxa noma budebhi bukhona kubo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingalo zomlenze wasemuva, zimfushane, kepha nokho azikho kangako ukuthi emuva kwenja yinde kunaleyo empeleni ikhona, noma ukuthi ingaphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke yesilwane sakho.

Amahlombe abanzi, ahlukaniswa ngamandla, athuthukise izicubu zomzimba. Kepha futhi zingachazwa njengokujula, ukugoqa nokuhlehla. Ama-elbows aphansi futhi ahlukaniswe izimbambo. I-metacarpus ingachazwa ngokunamandla kakhulu: inamandla, iqonde futhi imfishane.

Ezinkulu nezicubu zomzimba ziyizandla ezingemuva zama-bulldogs. Njengoba zinde kunezezingaphambili, ngenxa yalokhu, umphumela wokuphakama we-lumbar wenja uyatholakala. Ingxenye engezansi yezinyawo ezingemuva inezimpawu ezilandelayo: iqondile, imfishane futhi inamandla. Amadolo ayindilinga abonakala ngokungahambeki kude nomzimba wenja. Amalunga we-hock aphansi futhi ane-curvature encane, ama-engeli alungile.

Imilenze yangaphambili nangemuva inesici esandisiwe sangaphandle sokuzalela. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi eyokuqala inosayizi ophakathi, iqonde futhi iyindilinga ngokulinganayo, kanti eyokugcina inecomputer, iyindilinga ngokuma. Izinzwani zemilenze yezingemuva zikhiwa, zikhulu, ngenxa yokuthi amalungu abo aphakanyiswa, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, aphuma phezulu.

I-Bulldog yesiNgisi ihlukaniswa yinqayizivele, umuntu angasho nje, ukuhamba okungajwayelekile kakhulu ezinjeni.Uhamba ngesinyathelo esifushane, esheshayo ezandleni zakhe. Ngasikhathi sinye, imilenze yangemuva ayikhuphuki phezulu, ngakho-ke "indoda yethu emnene" ihamba kancane. Izinga lokuzala lifinyelela ukuthi ikhwalithi nokuzethemba kokunyakaza kubaluleke kakhulu.

Umbala

Ubunzima ku-monotony, ubumsulwa nokukhanya. Imibala ehlukene itholakala kuhlobo lwesiNgisi iBulldog, kepha ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe ama-red-tiger nayo yonke eminye imibala imibala, emhlophe, ebomvu, inyamazane, nge-piebald - nangokulandelana okukhonjisiwe.

Uma ukhetha kusuka ku-piebald enhle, engcolile-motley noma eqinile engahlanzekile, khona-ke ipiebald enhle iyathandeka.

Umbala omnyama uthathwa njengento enobungozi futhi uvunyelwe kuphela kumbala obomvu ngombala wamabala ngokulingana. Ukuze umbala obonakalayo ungabonwa njengongenasici, imibala kufanele ibe nokusatshalaliswa kwamabala amancane.

Uma isilwane sakho sinendawo encane emhlophe esifubeni sayo, lokhu kuyamukeleka, kodwa kuphela kwimibala emibili okhetha imibala: ithagi nehlosi.

Ukwehlukanisa Izinkinga

Uma i-bulldog yesiNgisi inolaka noma inamahloni amaningi, uma inokuphazamiseka okuphefumulayo okubonakalayo noma umsila ongenayo, ke leyo phutha ibhekwa njengengafaneleki.

Noma iyiphi inja ekhombisa ukungaphatheki kahle noma ukuthola ukuphambuka ku-psyche kufanele ingafaneleki.

Qaphela: abesilisa bekufanele ngabe bahlakulela izivivinyo ngenani lezicucu ezimbili, behliselwe ngokuphelele ku-scrotum.

Ukukhetha i-English Bulldog puppy

Ngokuqondene nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, kufanele kuqashelwe okulandelayo: phakathi kwabafuyi abanolwazi kukhona i-omen: Yisiphi isinambuzane esivela kudoti okungowokuqala ukusondela kumnikazi olandelayo, lokhu kufanele kuthengwe, ngoba inja ikhethe wena wedwa. Kulesi sibonakaliso, ngaphezu kwemicabango ehlukahlukene mayelana nenhloso nokuxhumana okungokomoya okujulile, kunomqondo ojwayelekile kakhulu kunendlela ebukeka ngayo: imidlwane esheshayo, eqinile futhi enelukuluku ngokuqinisekile iyothakazela eyokuqala. Uma abanikazi benababili babo kuphela, "lowo ofanayo" uzogijimela kuwe. Kodwa-ke, ungahambeli ngokweqile, uzothola inja enomlingisi ongakhathali eduze kwakho ongadingi ukunakwa okungenamkhawulo. Futhi yini okungadingeki yenziwe, kungukukhetha isilwane esivinjelwe ngokucacile, mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinkomba yohlobo oluthile lwesifo.

Ukuthola i-English Bulldog puppy enempilo ngempela, bheka umama wengane ngokucophelela kanye nemibandela yesondlo sakhe. Umama ophelelwa yithemba ngeke neze abe nezimidlwane eziphilile ngokuphelele, futhi izindlama ezingcolile nezitsha zithi le nja inamathuba onke okutheleleka ngezibungu nangabadli. Landela lokhu kudla: Izinjana ezinamandla ze-bulldog zinesifiso esihle sokudla. Ngemuva kokudla, baphinde babaleke bayodlala ama-pranks noma bawubhuqa ubuthongo obunengqondo. Izinsana ezinempilo zinoboya obuthambile, amehlo acwebezelayo amnyama anelukuluku, ukuluma okulungile kanye nesisu esincane. Izindlebe zihlanzekile, ngaphandle kokukhipha, izigaxa zazo zicocekile futhi azibumbekile.

Kuya ngeminyaka yengane, udinga ukuthola ukuthi wagonyelwa yini, futhi welashelwa izikelemu namazeze, nokuthi kwaba isikhathi esingakanani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthola kubanikazi babazali ukuthi yiziphi izifo ubaba kanye nonina wesilwane sakho sasekhaya esinqunyelwe. Lezi zinyathelo zizokusiza ukuba ukhethe kahle umngani oqinile iminyaka eminingi.

Ngokuqondene nemithetho ejwayelekile yokukhetha umdlwane:

- Akufanele uthenge imbuzane emakethe, ngoba izinja ezingahlanzekiwe azikho lapho. Abanini bezinja zezinja ngeke baphinde bazithengise ezimakethe, ngoba lapho zithengisa ngokusebenzisa amakilabhu, okokuqala, bazothola imali eningi, futhi okwesibili, ngokuthengisa imidlwane, abanikazi abanomthwalo wemfanelo baqaphela isiphetho sakhe.

Vele, uma inja ingekho msulwa ngokuphelele, khona-ke lokhu akusho ukuthi kuzoba umngane omubi nomngane - ngokuqinisekile kuzoba njalo uma uyithanda futhi uyinakekela. Kepha kufanele ukhohlwe ngomsebenzi onobungcweti.

Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthenga i-puppy kuphela kwizindawo ezikhethekile zokufundela izingane, njengoba kufakwa kuma-bulldogs aseMelika, azikho eziningi zazo, kodwa kuyajabulisa kakhulu, ngoba uzosebenzisa isikhathi esiningi ukuthola umdlwane omuhle, ozokhombisa izinhloso zakho ezinkulu ngokukhuliswa kwakhe.

- Kufanele ukhethe umdlwane kuphela endaweni ahlala kuyo futhi akhulela kuyo, ngoba lapho kuphela lapho eyoziphatha khona ngokwemvelo, okuzokunikeza ithuba lokuthola iziphetho ngokwedlulele noma ngaphansi kokuhlosiwe, engizokuxoxa ngezansi.

- imidlwane ayinazo izinkathazo eziningi kakhulu, njengomthetho, iyadla, ilale, idlale futhi ihlole umhlaba osizungezile, futhi yilokhu esizokwakha ngakho.

Isidlakela esiphilile, uma singalali, sikhulile, sinelukuluku futhi silungele ukudlala nabafowabo nodadewabo. Thatha imfene ezandleni zayo, uyiphunga, imfene enempilo, ebigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, iphunga, hhayi njenge-chamomiles, kodwa ngokuqinisekile hhayi indle noma umchamo.

Ijazi lemidlwane ephilile licwebezelwe kahle emzimbeni, futhi lapho ekubona, kufanele kube nelukuluku nje emehlweni akhe, nakanjani uzokuhogela, angakunambitha, ngokuvamile, uzoqala ukukuhlola.

Imidlwane ekwindla kumele ibe yodwa, ivunyelwe ukuba nengane eyodwa esesemuva ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni, uma iphathelene namalitha amakhulu, khona-ke kungaba nemidlwane emibili enjalo. Angikukhuthazi ukuthi uthathe imidlwane enjalo uma ungamfundazwe, ngoba kufanele kunikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ekuondleni kwabo. Imidlwane enjalo ayisiwona umshado nakancane, njengoba kubonakala ngathi abaningi, bangabantu ababuthakathaka kakhulu, ngandlela thile ngazithatha senginogwaja, umhlobo wamaNgisi we-Cocker Spaniel futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, lapho siqoqa wonke umndeni, wayengowesilisa omuhle kunabo bonke kulo lonke udoti, kodwa kunjalo ... ngolwazi.

- Uma ukhetha umdlwane, unake abazali, yonke into ilula ngomama, kepha awukwazi ukubona ubaba, ngoba lokhu cela amakhophi amadokhumenti akhe, izincwadi ezikhombisa ukuthi imiklomelo itholile. Emibhalweni, naka iqiniso lokuthi abazali abekho ebudlelwaneni obusondelene, ngoba lokhu akuyona into enhle ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Vele, abaningi bazothi ukufuya okuhlobene eduze kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo, kepha ngaphezu kokulungisa izimfanelo ozifunayo, ubungozi bezifo zofuzo luyakhula futhi.

- Qiniseka ukubuza abanikazi ngokugula okuvame ukwenzeka kwabazali, KODWA lapha, njengomthetho, bazokukhohlisa, ngoba ... .. ngubani ozokutshela ukuthi abazali babuhlungu. Kepha kubalulekile ukusho masinyane ukuthi izithombo zokufunda zasendlini azikuvumeli ukwenziwa kwabantu okunikeza izingane ezigulayo, ngakho-ke ukuthenga imidlwane enkulisa kungenzeka ukukunikeze imidlwane enempilo.

Ezemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwe-English Bulldog

Ama-bulldogs ayizilwane ezihola indlela yokuphila enkulu, ngalesi sizathu kufanele zihambe kaningi, ngenkathi zenza umsebenzi womzimba. Ukungazinaki ezemidlalo kubangela ukukhuluphala ngokweqile futhi, kamuva, ukukhuluphala. Kodwa awudingi ukulayisha inja ekushiseni kwehlobo nokubanda ebusika. Ijazi lesilwane alakhelwanga amazinga okushisa aphansi, futhi ngesikhathi esishisayo - inja ingathola ukushiswa okushisa.

Ijazi lesilwane kulula kakhulu ukusinakekela. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa inja kaningana ngesonto ngebhulashi eline-bristled kanzima.

Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ukhohlwe ngama-folds ebusweni. Ukuhlanzeka kwabo kuyisiqinisekiso sempilo yezilwane. Uma kwenzeka ukungcola kuqoqekile kulezi zindawo, kufanele kususwe ngendwangu emanzi. Kamuva, lo msebenzi uyadingeka ukomisa i-crease ngendwangu eyomile.

Kulokhu, izimonyo azidingeki futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuzoholela ekwehlukanisweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-crease izohlala imanzi.

Pheza i-bulldog, kuyadingeka njengokungcola. Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zamanzi zizosiza ekucekeceleni isikhumba, okuholela ekutheni ukulunywa ngaso sonke isikhathi nokukhathazeka kwesilwane. Uboya obudengekile busulwe kangcono ngethawula elimanzi.

Bukela izindlebe zakho - kungakuhle ukuzisika ngesikhathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uxubhe amazinyo enja yakho njalo, uma kungenjalo kukhona ubungozi bokuqalwa kwesibalo.

Ukukhetha Igama Lama-English Setter Puppies

Kukuwe ukuthi uthathe isinqumo sokuthi uyiqamba kanjani inja yakho, kepha ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalesi bhulokhi ngizomemezela amagama abamele abavela kulokhu kuzalanisa, mhlawumbe uzothanda abanye babo.

Ngakho-ke, kubafana, amagama alandelayo afanelekile: UNolik, uLucky, uShrek, uGarfield, uBagel, uGene, uBhele, uMsila, uPixel, uLwa, uBonte, uC Cupcake, uKhan, uBoss.

Kwamantombazane: uCharlotte, uChantal, uCamellia, uLola, uDelta, uDina, u-Eve, uZlata, uWicca, uSonya, uChara, uHera (njengoba emfushane ngama-duchess), uMax.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthi elinye igama lifaneleka kakhulu kulezi zinja, bese ubhala kumazwana, nakanjani ngizokwengeza ohlwini.

Ukufundisa i-Bulldog yesiNgisi kulula futhi kuyajabulisa kakhulu. Lesi sidalwa sinomqondo ohlaba umxhwele, okwenza kube lula ngaye ukukhumbula amagama abantu angama-300. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye wanikwa ukuthambekela okuthe xaxa, okwakungezelelwa ukuhamba kancane. Kulokhu, ukuqeqeshwa kuzodinga ukubekezela okuthile. Ngenxa yenkani yakhe - ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile inja izokwazi ukubhala noma imiphi imiyalo umnikazi afuna ukuyifundisa yona, into esemqoka ukuzethemba. Uma ufisa, kungenzeka ukufundisa inja hhayi imiyalo ejwayelekile, kodwa futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlanza isitsha ngemuva kokudla endaweni.

Yondla i-bulldog yesiNgisi

Ngokuqondene nokudla okulinganiselayo, udinga ukufunda izindatshana zokondla izinja, uma unemibuzo, ubabuze esithangamini noma kumazwana, ngizokuphendula. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuhlala kokuphakelwa kokuphakelwe okwenziwe ngomumo okugcwele, lapho-ke ngikulethela ukunaka kwakho isilinganiso sabakhiqizi bokudla kwenja.

Ukwakha imenyu ye-English Bulldog akulula, inikezwe ukwakheka kwayo. Kodwa-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukuthi "ukhombe" amaprotheni, ngoba umthetho ongakheki wempilo walezi zilwane ukugwema ukuvela kwesisindo esande ngokweqile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukulandela ukudla okune-khalori ephezulu. Ukudla okwomile kumele kukhethwe ngokuya ngezinkomba zokutholakala kwamaprotheni. Kodwa-ke, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukudla okwomile akuvunyelwe kuma-bulldogs.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inyama ngefomu yayo emsulwa ayinakuba khona kumenyu ye-bulldog, ikakhulukazi izingane ezinamakhanda, ngenxa yalo mkhiqizo, zinamathuba onke okuthola i-urolithiasis. Inyama kufanele ibe cishe i-40% yokudla okuphelele. Izitsha eziphambili kwimenyu amasobho, imifino, izithelo nezinhlamvu.

Izingane zidinga ukondliwa ngemikhiqizo yobisi - i-kefir, ukhokho ushizi, iyogathi kanye nobisi olubilisiwe olubilisiwe zilungele izingane kakhulu.

Kwenqatshelwe ukunikeza izinhlanzi nazo zonke izinhlobo zoshizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukwenqaba noma yiziphi izengezo. Izinhlamvu ezifanele irayisi ne-buckwheat. I-Oatmeal ne-semolina kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Kuvunyelwe ukufaka amaqanda kumenyu, kepha hhayi ngaphezu kwama-3 ama-pcs. ngesonto. Kunconyelwa ukufaka uwoyela wejongilanga ekudleni.

Intengo yemidlwane yezisethi zesiNgisi kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2017

Kepha imidlwane ezimakethe, lapho ungathenga khona umdlwane ngaphakathi kwamadola angama-70-150 e-US, emakilabhini amancane nakwabazalanisi abazimele intengo izonyuka ibe ngamadola angama-300-300 e-US

Ngokuqondene nama-kennels we-pedigree uqobo, khona-ke imidlwane yimbiza ebiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke intengo yenganyana enezinyanga ezingama-2-3 isebangeni lama-350 amadola, ngesinye isikhathi, uma kukhulunywa ngemigqa yama-elite, intengo ingafinyelela kuma-500-800 amadola aseMelika.

Izicashunwe ezivela ku-Bulldog yesiNgisi ejwayelekile

Ukubuka okujwayelekile. Inja inezinwele ezondile, iqinile, imfishane, kepha igcwele, inamandla, icinene. Ikhanda likhulu futhi likhulu maqondana nomzimba wenja. Ingxenye yangaphambili imfushane ngokukhethekile, i-muzzle ibanzi kakhulu, i-angular futhi ithambekele phansi.

Umzimba umfishane, uminyene, imilenze inamandla futhi izicubu zomzimba. I-croup mude futhi iqinile, kepha kunalokho ilula uma uyiqhathanisa nembali esindayo. Inja kufanele inikeze umbono wokuzimisela, amandla nokuphila.Ngokuphathelene nomthethosisekelo wayo, inja inesimilo esiyisici, esindayo nesindayo, ngoba inja ihamba ngezinyathelo ezimfushane nezisheshayo emathiphuni weminwe yakhe (kwi-tiptoe), nezinyawo zayo zangemuva azikhuphuki phezulu, kube sengathi zibhukuda kakhulu ngaphezu komhlabathi, kepha i-bulldog iyagijima amahlombe phambili njengehhashi esiqubeni esingajulile.

Isisindo nokuphakama kubuna. Isisindo esifunekayo kwabesilisa singama-24,75 kg, kwabesifazane angama-22,5 kg. Ukuphakama ekushwabeni kwamadoda nabesilisa kungama-38-40 cm.

Ikhanda nogebhezi. Isigaxa sibanzi futhi i-girth yayo, ilinganiswa phambi kwezindlebe, ilingana okungenani nokuphakama kwenja lapho ibuna. Lapho ibukwa kusukela ngaphambili, ikhanda kufanele libonakale lide kakhulu, libanzi futhi lingile. Ama-cheekbones kufanele aqhakaze kakhulu futhi ezinhlangothini kufanele zikhule kancane kancane ngaphandle kwamehlo. Uhlangothi lwekhanda kufanele lube phezulu kakhulu futhi lube mfushane kakhulu. Ebunzini kukhona isicaba, hhayi i-convex futhi ayidluleli ngaphezu kwesihlathi, isikhumba ebunzini nasekhanda siluthambile futhi sibunile. Imigoqo ephezulu kakhulu ibumbeke kakhulu, ibanzi, ibambe ongezansi futhi iphakeme, yakha umsele ojulile nobanzi phakathi kwamehlo, usuka ebhulohweni lekhala (ukuguquka kusuka ebunzini kuya esihlathini) kuya phezulu kwe-cranium. Ubuso obuvela ngaphambili kwaseshi kuya esihlathini kufanele bube bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi isikhumba ebusweni kufanele sibe ngemibimbi ejulile futhi ewugqinsi. Isibalo sisifushane, sibanzi, sakhiwe futhi sijulile kakhulu kusuka ekhoneni elingaphakathi lamehlo kuya ekhoneni lomlomo. Ikhala likhulu, libanzi futhi lihlala limnyama, umbala ohlukile awemukeleki, ichopho kufanele ligcotshwe ngokujulile emehlweni uqobo. Ibanga phakathi kwekhoneni elingaphakathi lamehlo (noma ukusuka phakathi kwempumulo phakathi kwamehlo) kuya emaphethelweni ekhaleni akumele kudlule ubude kusukela ekugcineni kwempumulo kuya kwesinye. Amakhala amakhulu, abanzi futhi amnyama anomugqa oqondile, mpo obonakalayo oqondile phakathi kwawo. Izindebe zinamanzi, zimanzi, zibanzi, zi-saggy futhi zijulile kakhulu, futhi zinamathela emaceleni, zimboze umhlathi ophansi, kepha hhayi ngaphambili. Izindebe ezingaphambili ziyaxhumana futhi zimboze ngokuphelele amazinyo. Imihlathi ibanzi, inkulu futhi i-angular, ine-chin eyenziwe kahle, umhlathi ophansi ugobile kancane kuya phezulu futhi iphumela ngaphambili (i-bulldogine). Amazinyo makhulu futhi aqinile futhi akufanele abonakale ngesigaxa esivaliwe. Ukulunywa okujwayelekile kungukudla okulula.

Amehlo. Hlela ekujuleni kwemizila, mhlawumbe kude nezindlebe. Amehlo kanye nokushintshwa kusuka ebunzini kuya ku-muzzle (ibhuloho lekhala) kufanele kube kumugqa owodwa oqondile, ubheke ngqo kubungako phakathi kwamehlo. Kufanele zibe banzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze amakhona azo angaphandle ahambisane namathanga. Amaprotheyini ngokuphelele, aphakathi nendawo, acubungula kancane, kepha hhayi ashone, futhi amnyama kakhulu, cishe amnyama, amaprotheni akufanele abonakale lapho ebukwa ngaphambili.

Izindlebe. Incane futhi incane, isethi ephezulu. Isimo sendlebe esifana ne-rose petal.

Ntamo. Kude ngokulinganisela, kunalokho kufushane, kunamandla kakhulu, kujule futhi kuminyene. I-scruff yathuthukiswa ngokulingana. Ngaphansi kwe-larynx, intamo ibopha imibimbi, kuze kube yilapho amafula wesikhumba esenziwe lather kusuka emhlathini ophansi kuya esifubeni ohlangothini ngalunye.

Torso. Ingaphambili lesifuba libanzi kakhulu, uma libukwa kusukela ohlangothini, luyindilinga, luveze futhi lujulile. I-torso iya kancane kancane iqonde ku-croup futhi kuma-grins akhiwe kahle ngesisu esifanisiwe esingathululwanga. Umhlane umfishane futhi unamandla, emahlombe banzi kakhulu futhi mncane ngokulinganayo emuva engezansi. Umugqa ongaphezulu ongemuva wenza isici se-arc sohlobo lokuzalela.

Ukubikezela. Amahlombe abanzi kakhulu, acacile futhi ajulile, anamandla futhi anamisipha futhi kufanele anikeze umbono wokuqina komzimba. Isifuba sinamandla, simise umgqomo futhi sijulile kakhulu, sithambekele emaphondeni angaphambili. Amaphambili angaphambili aqine kakhulu futhi awugqinsi, ahlukaniswe kabanzi, anamisipha, aqondile, futhi anezingalo ezinamandla, ithambo lezinto ezingaphambili limfushane kunezimbambo zangemuva, kepha hhayi kangako ukuthi ingemuva libonakala lide noma umsebenzi nokuhamba kwenja kuncishisiwe. Ama-elbows aphansi futhi emaceleni. Izingalo kufanele zibe mfushane, ziqine, ziqhamuke.

Imilenze yezandla.Unamandla futhi umsipha futhi uqhathanise isikhathi eside ukwedlula abengaphambili, akha inja enesihlahla esiphakeme. Ama-Metatarsus amafushane, aqinile, awugqinsi futhi ayabumbekile. Imilenze yangemuva iyindilinga ngophawu. Izimbobo zisondele ndawonye.

Umsila. Isethi ephansi, isiyingi, sithambile, ngaphandle kokumiswa noma ibhulashi. Esikhundleni esifushane kunokude, kube mnene ezimpandeni futhi ngokuchofoza ngokuqinile kube sekupheleni okuncanyana. Igcina yehlisiwe futhi akufanele ikhuphuke ngenhla komhlane.

Wool. Ithenda, imfishane, iminyene.

Umbala. I-Tiger noma "izinkinga" (i-tiger suit enomnyama omnyama noma ubuso obumnyama), futhi icacile, okungukuthi, i-piebald, ikhanda elibomvu le-shades ehlukahlukene, ubomvu, i-fawn, emhlophe, kodwa futhi ne-motley (okungukuthi, emhlophe ngokuhambisana nanoma iyiphi okwedlule). "Dudley", omnyama noma omnyama ngokukhanya akuvunyelwe.

Imikhuba. Umthambo obuthakathaka. Isigaxa esifushane, esibukhali noma esiqondile, ukuntuleka kokuluma, isigaxa esifana ne-pincher, amathumbu amancanyana, ukushintshwa okungabaliwe kusuka ebunzini kuya esihlungweni, ikhanda eliyindilinga, noma eliphikisayo, ikhanda eliyindilinga, amehlo okukhishwa, izindlebe ezivulekile. Imilenze ebunjiwe noma emise okomhlonyane, imithambo ye-sloping, ukugcina umsila ngaphezulu ngemuva (umsila kufanele ungabi ngaphezu kwama-8 cm).

Umlando omfushane wokwakheka kokuzalela

Inja zohlobo lwesiNgisi iBulldog - izalwe ngokuphelele ngumuntu. Kuliqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi lapho okhokho babo baphuka inkunzi kalula, ngakho-ke bathola igama eliqhoshayo elithi "inkunzi" ekuhumusheni - inkunzi. I- "Buldog" kwakuyinja enkulu futhi enamandla, kepha ngo-1836, yonke imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa yaleli fomu yavalwa, futhi inja yayingasafunwa.

• AmaBrithani awakwazanga ukulinganisa, futhi anquma ngokuhlangene, ukuthatha ama-bulldogs ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwawo, athembisa ukuthi azokhipha ngokushesha ngokushesha ummeleli ojwayelekile waseBuhl, ozoba njengesilwane ngaphandle kokufaka ingozi.

"Ama-boules" ancishisiwe abe uphawu lweMarines, kuphela ngoba ukuzimela kwabo kwenza abanye bakhange kakhudlwana. Njengoba babe mncane ngokwengeziwe futhi sebezitholele owabo ubuhle, bayeka ngokuphelele ukuba ngabalwi, baphenduka isidalwa esihle esine-pug enobungane.

Izitha zokuqala zazingamasayizi ahluke ngokuphelele, izigaba zesisindo, ezinye i-heterogeneity zaphikelela isikhathi eside. Kepha lapho iba yincane, abantu babefuna ukumbona njengothandiwe - ekhaya. Ama-aristocrat aseBrithani, asheshe aveza imfashini entsha ye-bulldog, nawo ahlukile.

Abameli bokuqala abafanelekayo kwaba owesilisa nowesifazane (uRoaz noKrib), kwathi ngonyaka we-1817 baba uphawu olusha ekwakhiweni, yilezi zinja ezingabasunguli bezomthetho abasemthethweni.

Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kwama-bulldogs

Ngokushesha lapho umdlwane uthuthele endlini yakho6, udinga ukuyihlanganyela emphakathini ngokushesha okukhulu:

1. Qeqesha i-leash yakho nekhola
2. Thatha imigwaqo ephithizelayo
3. Nikeza ithuba lokuxoxa nabantu ongabazi,
4. Masidlale nezinye izilwane,
5. Kubalulekile ukujwayela imisindo ephakeme nebukhali.

Uhlobo lwezinja luyi-bulldog yesiNgisi, abanikazi bomqondo ohloniphekayo no-wit osheshayo. Ubuhlakani babo buthuthukiswe kakhulu, badinga izifundo ezingapheli. Kwesinye isikhathi uthambekele ekubeni nenkani nokuhamba kancane.

1. Imfundo iqala ngosuku lokuqala lomdlwane endlini entsha.
2. Okokuqala udinga ukutadisha amaqembu akhanyayo: kimi, ngiqamba amanga futhi ngihleli, akunakwenzeka.
3. Isikhathi sokutadisha hhayi imizuzu engama-40 ngosuku, ukukhula ingane - khulisa umthwalo.
4. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuthaza ngendlela - izingcezu ezimnandi, amagama othando, thinta.
5. Ukuze ulayishe: shintsha inqubo yemfundo nemidlalo esebenzayo.
6. Kuyadingeka ukukhombisa intshiseko, ukubekezela nokukhuthazela. Ungathuki isilwane sakho, ungajezisi, zama ukuphinda imiyalo ngokucacile nangokucacile. Uma ubona ukuthi ukhathele - zinike isikhathi sokuphumula.

Ngeshwa, akubona bonke abanini abanesineke esanele nesipiliyoni ekukhulisweni, uma ngokungabaza ngamakhono akho, thintana nochwepheshe, bese uqhubeka nokukhulisa wena.

I-Bull Bating ne-Old English Bulldog

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane, okungenye yezindlela ezindala kakhulu zokuzijabulisa eNgilandi, kwakuthandwa kakhulu kuze kuvinjelwe engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19. Imbongi yasendulo yaseRoma uClaudianus ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-4 - lesihlanu AD e. ikhulume "inja yaseBrithani, ecindezela ibunzi lenkunzi elikhulu emhlabeni." Umlingani wakhe uSymmmachus ukhumbule indlela izinkomo eziyisikhombisa zase-Ireland ezikhombisa ngayo isibindi nokuqina enkundleni yamaRoma kangangokuba bekukholelwa ukuthi lezi zinja zithuthwe emigqonyeni yensimbi. Kungenzeka ukuthi amaRoma agxilisa uthando lwezingwazi zegazi kubantu abahlala esiQhingini saseBrithani: 20.3, nokho, ukubheja ngenkani njengohlobo oluhlukile lomdlalo wamagazi, cishe, umsuka wamaNgisi. : 19

Ukuthandwa kwemidlalo yokukhetha izihlahla kuholele ekuhlelweni kokuzala kwezinja kanye nokuvela kwama-bulldogs, noma ama-bulldogs amaNgisi amadala, njengoba le nzalo yabizwa kamuva. Ukuluma inkunzi kwenza izimfuno ezikhethekile inja, zombili ngokuya ngomthethosisekelo wayo kanye nomoya wayo. Inja bekufanele ibe lukhuni, ingesabi ukunganaki, ivikeleke ezinhlungwini, ihlale ilwa. Kwakufanele kube yinja, i-stocky, hhayi inja esindayo nesifuba esibanzi nebhande lamahlombe athuthukile, enejazi elibushelelezi elifushane neqhina elifile. Bekufanele alalele ngokuphelele imiyalo yomnikazi ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.

Ngakho-ke ama-Old English Bulldogs ayabiwa - uhlobo oluhlukile ezimfanelweni zalo, lusebenza ngokweqile, lukufanelekela ukufeza umsebenzi olunikezwe wona. Iqiniso lokuzalela lifakazelwa yiqiniso elilandelayo: kuvulwe icala lapho umnikazi we-bulldog esika amawundlu akhe ngamunye ngamunye ngesikhathi sokujaha. Ngasikhathi sinye, inja yaqhubeka nokuthula nenkunzi yaze yafika lapho umnikazi wayo embizayo wayinquma ekhanda. : 30-31 Ngaphezu kokuxhashazwa, ama-bulldogs kanye nama-bulbs abo asetshenziswa nakwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuxhashazwa: amabhere-ukubheja (amabhere okuxhashazwa), amahhashi axhashazelayo, izimbongolo, amabhele, izinkawu, ngisho namabhubesi kanye namahlosi [comm. 4], kanye namagundane (ukukala). : 33-45

Ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi, umniniyo wabamba ngokuqinile i-bulldog engena empini ngezindlebe, wabe eseyithoba. Unogwaja uhlasele inkunzi ngaphambili futhi, wabamba lo mzuzu, wambamba ngesandla ufile: ikhala, izindebe, ulimi noma iso. Ngemuva kwalokho, unogwaja walenga inyamazane yakhe futhi akazange avule imihlathi yakhe kuze kube yilapho inkunzi ilele, ikhathele, noma imile ukulwa, imemezela ukunqotshwa kwayo nge-moo ende. : Izinkunzi ezingama-99 ezinolwazi nezinokuqapha siqaphe ngokucophelela isivalo, zicindezela amakhala azo emhlabathini bese zibeka izimpondo zangaphambili, lapho zilwela khona ukukhipha kanye nokuphonsa i-bulldog, okungaholela kumphumela odabukisayo wenja. Ngakho-ke, ama-bulldogs amahle, ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo namaqhinga akhethekile okwenza i-duel, agwema izimpondo zenkunzi. Uma bulldog wayekuthanda kakhulu empini ukuthi akezwanga umyalo womnikazi wayo ukuthi ayimise, inja yaphawulwa ngomsila wayo omude omude - imvamisa umnikazi wamane waluma inja ngomsila - le kwakuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola umdlwenguli ukuba akhulule ohlukunyeziwe noma okungenani akhulule ukubamba kwakhe. : 95 Uma i-bulldog ibambe "ngokuqinile", khona-ke umhlathi uvulelwe yona ngesizinda esikhethekile sokhuni: 30. Uma unogwaja abambe inkunzi ngomlenze, wayilahlwa masinyane. Eminye imidlwane iqeqeshiwe kusukela ineminyaka eyisithupha izelwe. : 18

Naphezu kokuthandwa okukhulu nokuxhaphaza kwabantu bonke kobuxhwanguxhwangu, isimo sengqondo sobundlovukayiphikiswa njengohlobo lokufuya kudala sanakwa. Imibhalo emidala esaphila ithi ama-bulldogs ayizimungwana kunezinja ezinkulu, athi akha kancane, angafinyeleli ekufinyeleleni ngonyaka noma isigamu, okuthi uma efika kuwo, azale ngobuvila, ekugcineni, lapho eseneminyaka emihlanu noma eyisithupha aqale ukuguga. : 18 Okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi yisiphi salezi zinqumo mayelana ne-bulldogs yasendulo eyiqiniso futhi okungekho, kodwa kamuva, lapho kuvela isilinganiso sokuqala sofuzo, i-bulldog yabizwa ngokuthi “ngokunyundelwa ngokungafanele” kuyo. : 85

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ukuthandwa kweziqhwaga nezinye izinhlobo zokuxhashazwa kwaqala ukwehla. Ukuzwelana nabaseBrithani kuya ngokuya kunqotshwa ukulwa kwezinja.Ukulwa nabanye ababamele besizwe senja, izimfanelo ezihluke ngokuphelele bezidingeka - isivinini, ukuguquguquka, ukuhamba. AmaBulldogs aqala ukuhlanganiswa ngezintambo, isiphambano esinjalo, esibizwa ngokuthi inkunzi nenkunzi futhi ahlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle zombili zohlobo lokulwa, aqala ukwaziswa kakhulu. : 45-46 Azikho izinyathelo ezibonakalayo ezathathwa ukuze kulondolozwe ubumsulwa betshe. : 49

Ukushaywa kokugcina kokuzalela kwabangela ukuvinjwa kwezilwane ezixhashazayo. Ngo-1835, iPhalamende laseBrithani laphasisa umthetho i-Animal Cruelty Act (Umthetho Wokunukubezwa Kwezilwane 1835), kepha, ayithintwa ukulwa kwezinja. Futhi yize ukushushiswa okungekho emthethweni ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zeGreat Britain kwenziwa kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka, kwakungeke kulondolozwe ukuzalanisa ngohlobo lwayo lwangempela - lapho umthetho usudluliswa ama-bulldogs angenasisekelo ayesehambile. : 32-33

Umsoco

IsiNgisi Bulldog - izinja azilula, zivame ukukhuluphala, futhi ngenxa yesakhiwo esingajwayelekile azivezi imisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi emgwaqweni, ezithinta ukutholwa kwesisindo ngokweqile.

Isisindo ngokweqile senja asithandeki kakhulu, kuyacasula:

1. Izifo zesisu
2. Isifo senhliziyo
3. Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine,
4. Ukulayisha ngokweqile emalungeni, emathanjeni nasemgogodleni.

Okukhethwa kukho okuhle ngukudla okomile, osevele olinganise ngokuphelele futhi kufaka konke okudingayo, ngaphandle kokudinga owondlayo owengeziwe ngamavithamini. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ungafafazi ukulungiswa, inani lokuphaka linqunywa kalula, isisindo sesilwane singalawulwa, ungazibangeli i-allergies.

Ngeshwa, uhlobo olunje ngo- - i-bulldog yesiNgisi, luvame ukutholakala ekudleni okungezwani nokudla, okuzothinta impilo yalo, ngakho-ke akunconyelwe ukupheka ngokwakho.

Uma uthatha isinqumo, lokhu kudla kuyakhiwa ngemikhiqizo:

1. Hhayi inyama enamafutha, inkukhu engenamafutha (inkukhu engenamathambo, inyama yenkomo, inyama yenkomo, inkontsho),
2. Ngaphakathi: inhliziyo, isibindi, amaphaphu, ukufakwa, intamo,
3. Izinhlanzi zasolwandle kanye ngeviki (engenalo kuphela, okuhlanzwe kuqala, futhi hhayi okunamafutha),
4. Ama-groats nezinhlamvu (i-buckwheat, i-oatmeal, ukolweni, kuphekwe kumhluzi wenyama),
5. Imifino: okusha, osikiwe noma ogayiwe (i-zucchini, izaqathe, beet, ikhukhamba),
6. Imikhiqizo yobisi enokudla okunamafutha amancane: ushizi we-cottage shizi, ubisi olubilisiwe olubilisiwe, i-kefir,
7. Amafutha emifino: umnqumo noma amanye amafutha,
8. Isidlo samathambo
9. Amaqanda aluhlaza - ngezikhathi ezithile,

Kungcono ukubilisa okufakwa ngaphakathi, kepha inyama kufanele ibe eluhlaza, ingenazimpawu, nophekwe kahle.

Ukubalwa kwezidingo: amagremu angama-30 nge-1 kg yesisindo sesilwane, konke okunye okwenziwe ngephalishi - 10%, imifino nezithelo - 20%.

Kuyadingeka ukukhetha inkimbinkimbi yezithasiselo ezincane namavithamini wokuphaka kwemvelo.

Kuyenqatshelwa ukunikeza isilwane:

• Amathambo weTubular - ngokwezigaba,
• Okumnandi, ikakhulukazi ushokoledi,
• Amabhomu namakhukhi,
• Amagilebhisi nezithelo zikawolintshi,
• Ipasta namazambane,
• Akunankathi, usawoti noma upelepele.
• Isilwane akufanele sidle izingcezu, ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, okweqile.

Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza ukufinyelela kwamanzi okuphuza amasha ngosuku lonke uma inja idla ukudla okwomile. Umsoco udlala indima enkulu empilweni yesilwane, ukuthi i-bulldog yesiNgisi ihlala malini nokuthi impilo yakhe kanye nawe izoncika kanjani ekunembeni kwayo.

Abantu abadala badla izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku, izingane zisuka kayi-4 - 5 ngosuku.

Ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuzalela

Kukholakala ukuthi abameli bokuqala bezinkomba zohlobo lokuzalwa, okuvela kuzo wonke ama-bulldogs anamuhla angamaNgisi, kwakunguCrib (Umqhele) futhi wavuka (URosa) BabengabakwaH. Wirlst kwathi ngonyaka we-1817 baba ngabokuqala ukufakwa ohlwini lwezincwadi lwe-English Club of Inja Yokuzala. : 105

Umbukiso wokuqala wezinja emlandweni wase-England wabanjwa ngoJuni 28-29, 1859 eNewcastle. Okulandelayo, ngonyaka ofanayo, eBirmingham. AmaBulldogs awazange amelwe kunoma iyiphi yale mibukiso. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ama-bulldogs avela e-Birmingham Fair, owawubanjwa ngoDisemba 3-4, 1860, lapho anikezwa khona isigaba esisodwa. : 133 Umklomelo wokuqala nokuwukuphela kwawina kutholwe yi-bulldog ephethwe nguJames Hinks (UJames uyacwayiza) [comm.5]. Eminyakeni emithathu eyalandela (1861-1864), kwethulwe imibukiso yezinhlamvu embukisweni eLeeds (1861), eManchester (1861), eBirmingham (1862). Kuyo yonke le mibukiso kuzalwe kwabelwa isigaba esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, embukisweni waseLondon e-Egricalchel Hall (Ihholo lezolimo, Ngo-1862) naseCremorne (eChelsea, ngo-1863) ama-bulldogs amelwa ngezigaba ezimbili - "ezinkulu" kanye "nezincane". Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi “ithoyizi” (i-English Toy Bulldog), kungenzeka ukuthi laba bameleli abancane abazalanayo babengamadlozi emihlambi yanamuhla yaseFrance. Embukisweni obuseClermont, inja yezinhlamvu ezingamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili (8,164 kg) kwathiwa umngcele phakathi kwezifundo. : 133-135

Umbukiso wokuqala weWorld Inja wenzeka ngo-1863 e-Egricalcherel Hall, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo owesiBili walandela, kanti umugqa phakathi kwesisindo “esikhanyayo” nesisindo “esindayo” wawusubekwe ngamakhilogremu angama-9,072. Emibukisweni yaseBirmingham yango-1863 no-1864, amakilasi ahlukanisa ubulili bezinja ngaphandle kokuzihlukanisa ngesisindo, ngenkathi eManchester wonke ama-bulldogs aqhubeka ekhombisa esigabeni esisodwa. : 135-137

Ngo-1864, abafuyi kanye nabathandi be-bulldog babona isidingo sokwenza iklabhu ye-bulldog futhi bathuthukise amazinga afanayo okuzalanisa. : 137

Qaphela

1. I-English Bulldog iyinja enobuvila futhi ethanda ukudla, ungashiyi ukudla okungavuniwe, ungavumeli ukukhetha ukudla emgwaqweni futhi ukhethe ngokucophelela ukuthi uzokwondla ini nge-Bulldog yakho yesiNgisi. Qikelela ukuthi umondle, ungazivumeli ngokweqile, akunandaba ukuthi ucela noma cha, izwi lakho kufanele libe ngumthetho.
2. Kaningi, bazama ukukhohlisa umuntu, uma ungathathi imfundo ngaleso sikhathi, ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuphakama kwakho, uzokuhlala entanyeni yakho.
3. Ukuthambekela kwabo kuma-allergies kungavela kaningi lapho kushintshwa okuphakelayo, umkhiqizo omusha, futhi ikakhulukazi uma unika izingcezu zetafula. Iziveza hhayi kuphela ngaphandle (esikhunjeni, ezindlebeni ezibomvu: indawo ephakathi kweminwe), kodwa futhi emzimbeni wonke wesilwane, izinwele zingase ziqale ukuphuma ngaphandle, zizoyikhotha. Uma ungaxhumani nodokotela ngesikhathi, isikhathi eside, ukukhala kwe-eczema kungenzeka.

1. Izingane zezingane ezingamaNgisi, ikakhulukazi abafana - zimaka insimu, zingahamba ngezinyawo. Akunconyiwe ukuthi zigijime ngaphandle kokuphefumula, ukwakheka okukhethekile kwamathambo kaswazi akuvumeli inja ukuba iphefumule ngokugcwele.
2. Ungahlali elangeni elivulekile isikhathi eside, gwema amakamelo anamanzi, uma kushisa ngaphandle - hamba kuphela emthunzini futhi ungaqali kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi aze aphele amandla.
3. Ama-bulldogs anzima kakhulu ukuzala, imvamisa i-cesarean ihlelelwa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke uma ucabanga ukubopha inja, masimeme udokotela wezilwane ukuthi azoletha. Zonke izinsikazi ezingabandakanywa ekuzaleni zingcono ukubulala inzalo.

I-Bulldog Club yokuqala neFilo-Kuon standard

Iklabhu yokuqala ye-bulldog eyavulwa ngoNovemba 3, 1864, eyasungulwa nguMnu. R. S. Roxtro (I-R.S. Rockstro) Iklabhu ibinesiqubulo sayo - "Dead Grip" (Eng. Bamba Ngokushesha), futhi izinhloso zekilabhu ezikulesi simemezelo kuthiwa "ziyisisekelo kanye nokwenza ngcono kwe-Old English Bulldog." Le kilabhu yasungulwa ngabantu ababalelwa ku-30, phakathi kwamalungu ayo kukhona oxhumana nabo ngokuzalanisa, abaningi babo abasazitholile izikhathi ezinhle zokugcotshwa kwayo, ochwepheshe ngokuxhashazwa, ababezazi ngawethu lo mdlalo onamanzi negazi. Eqinisweni, imiphumela yokusebenza kwekilabhu ibinesizotha kakhulu - emva kweminyaka emithathu iye yathula ukuba khona ngaphandle kokuhlela umbukiso owodwa. : 137

Ukuphumelela okukhulu kweR Rockstrod Bulldog Club bekuyincazelo enemininingwane ye-bulldog, eyaziwa nge- "Philo-Kuon Standard" (Philo-kuan standard) Le ncazelo yashicilelwa ngo-1865 nguSamuel Wensens (USamuel uyakhala), umgcinimafa wesikhathi esizayo weqembu, ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym Philo-kuan. [comm. I-6]: I-137 uFilo-Kuonsky uchaza i-bulldog ethile eyenziwe kahle, lokhu sekuzwakala kusuka engxenyeni yayo yokwazisa:

I-Bulldog yesiNgisi iyisilwane esihle kakhulu, esidala, esiyivelakancane, ngenxa yengxenye enkulu ngokunyundelwa ngokungafanele futhi, njengomthetho, saziwa kancane, sikhuliswa ngomusa, ukuxhumana okungapheli nokunakwa okuvela kumnikazi, inja izolile futhi iyalalela, kepha uma ikuxhaxha futhi inganakwa. , khona-ke iba ngaphansi kobuhlobo nabantu futhi izithobe, futhi ivuswe, ingathukuthela kakhulu kangangokuba iba yingozi kakhulu kwabanye. Izinja zalokhu kuzalanisa zingabaqaphi abahle, ukubhukuda okumangalisayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqamuleni ngokuzalwa ngezindawo zokuma, izikhombisi, ama-hound, ama-greyhound, njll., .ukubanika isibindi nokukhuthazela. Lesi isilwane esinamandla kakhulu nesinqumayo kunazo zonke. Umdlwenguli omuhle akanandaba nokuthi ubani okufanele amhlasele - okhuthele, ojaha futhi ongesabi, uzolwa kuze kwehle igazi lokugcina. Lokhu kuzalaniswa okuhle kulelizwe - empeleni, kuyinja yaseBrithani eyindalo ehlotshaniswa kahle ne-Old England - inja iBrithani engaziqhenya ngayo.

Okokuqala, izinga lePhilo-Kuon lichaza zonke izici eziphambili ze-bulldog - ukwakheka nosayizi wekhanda, izindlebe, ubuso, intamo, isifuba kanye nebhande lamahlombe, emuva, izinyawo, njll. Ukuncoma kwaleli zinga mayelana nokwakheka kwezindlebe nomsila, umbala, nokuphakama ukubuna nezinsalela zenja zabuyekezwa kamuva, phezu kwakho konke, akuzange kuhambisane nemibono yesimanje mayelana nekhono lokuzalela. Ezilungiselelweni zalo eziphambili, indinganiso yePhilo-Kuon ihlala iyindawo enhle yokubheka njengamanje, isebenza njengesisekelo sawo wonke amazinga alandelayo we-bulldog yesiNgisi. : 93

Isibalo semibukiso, okwamanje, sikhuphukile, kepha ukungafani ekuhlukaniselweni kusasekhona. Kwi-Third World Dog Show (1865), wonke ama-bulldogs, njengakuqala, ahlukaniswe ngesisindo (elula kakhulu futhi esindayo kunamaphawundi angama-20). IManchester ibambe imibukiso emibili (1865 no-1866), lapho wonke ama-bulldogs ahlukaniswa khona ngokuya ngomgomo ofanayo. IBirmingham yaqhubeka nokuhlukanisa izinhlobo zezinja ngocansi, kepha ngo-1865 yathula ikilasi elenziwe ngeChampion (labesilisa kuphela), nokho, kamuva elashiywa. Eminyakeni ye-1867-71, bobabili iBirmingham neManchester babamba imibukiso ngezigaba ezimbili kuphela: kwabesilisa nabancane. Ngo-1869, umbukiso wokuqala weNational Club of Dog Breeding wabanjelwa e-Islington, ngaphandle kwamakilasi abesilisa nabalume, iklasi elixubile labelwa izinja - 11 kg kulula ezinjeni. Embukisweni wokuqala eCrystal Palace (1870) kwethulwa izigaba ezimbili zama-bulldogs, kepha inani labo lenyuka ngonyaka olandelayo. : 137-138

Imibukiso emisha - eGlasgow nase-Edinburgh - yaqala ukwenziwa ngo-1871 futhi bobabili babenesigaba esisodwa sezinja zalolu hlobo. Izindlela zokuhlola zaqhubeka isikhathi esithile, inani elikhulu kakhulu lamakilasi, amane, anikezwa amaBulldogs eBirmingham ngo-1873: izigaba ezimbili zesisindo zabesifazane nabesilisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, bekunomkhuba wokukhulisa umugqa wokuhlukanisa phakathi kwesisindo "sokukhanya" nesisindo "esindayo", ngakho-ke embukisweni owawuseCrystal Palace ngo-1873 wafika ku-13.5 kg. : 139

Ummeleli omuhle kakhulu wohlobo ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyiBulldog King Dick (King dick) [comm. 7], ephethwe nguJacob Lamphier (UJacob Lamphier) : I-107 King King Dick, owesilisa obomvu onomaskandi omnyama, wazalwa ngonyaka we-1858: 149 futhi wayengatholakali kuyo yonke imibukiso lapho ahlanganyela khona kusukela ngo-1861 kuya ku-1865, kufaka phakathi imibukiso yokuqala yezinja ezintathu yomhlaba (1863-65) ekilasini ama-weightweights. : 133-137 INkosi uDick nomunye wenzalo yakhe, uCrib, waba yisisekelo senkambiso yohlobo lokuzalwa eyabhalwa nguLamfier ngonyaka we-1861 (kodwa, ngokungafani noFilo-Kuonsky, ongakutholanga ukuqashelwa kwendawo yonke): 91. UKing Dick ushone ngonyaka we-1866 eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, egcizelela kafushane umnikazi wayo. Ngokwenganekwane, ngosuku lomngcwabo kaLambier, lo bulldog ukhohliwe egcekeni, kwathi ngokushesha iKing Dick yahamba yafuna umniniyo. Engamtholi, uKing Dick wayefisa, wenqaba ukudla futhi washona ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine. Iningi labanompempe besimanje ngandlela thile babuyela kule bulldog. : 108,111

Inkosi uDick kwakungeyona ukuphela kwengqwele yaleyo minyaka okwakuphela kabuhlungu kuyo. Umbukiso wokuqala eCrystal Palace (1870) wanqotshwa yisikhulu esibizwa nge-bulldog uMikhail Archangel (UMikayeli Ingelosi enkulu) Ngemuva kombukiso, wayiswa eParis, lapho kwakudingeka adle khona uMikayeli Ingelosi enkulu ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa komuzi. : 107

Ngo-Ephreli 4, 1873, kwasungulwa i- “The Kennel Club” - iklabhu lokuqala lokufuya izinja emhlabeni ukubhalisa izinja kanye nezinja zezinja. Enye yezinto eziza kuqala enhlanganweni ukuhlanganiswa kwezincwadi zama-Stud. Ama-Bulldogs afakiwe kwivolumu yokuqala yencwadi ye-kilabhu (I-Kennel Club Stud Book), eyethulwe eBirmingham Fair ngoDisemba 1, 1874. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi okokuqala u-bulldog waseNgilandi wangena kwirejista kwakungu-Adam owaziwa ngokuthi u-Adamu (Adamo) Wazalwa ngonyaka we-1864, yize ngemuva kwakhe kwafakwa izinja eziningana encwadini endala kunaye, ezalwa ngeminyaka yo-1850. U-Adamu wayengokaMnu. R. Heathfield (R. heathfield), futhi umkhulisi wakhe kwakunguJacob Lamphier, umnikazi weKing Dick.

Ngo-1874, kwenziwa umzamo wokuvuselela iklabhu ye-bulldog. Kodwa-ke, iklabhu yesibili ihlale isikhathi esingaphansi kwesokuqala, esingaphansi konyaka. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukulethwa kwama-bulldog amaningi eSpain kulethwa ezweni, isisindo salo safinyelela ku-45 kg (uma kuqhathaniswa, ngokwe-Philo-Kuon standard, isisindo se-bulldog yesiNgisi okungenani ama-9 kg futhi "kuyaqabula kweqa" i-27 kg). Usongo lokuwohloka kwezimali luphinde lwangena ngenxa yohlobo lwesiNgisi, isidingo sokuthatha izinyathelo ezibucayi ukuze silondoloze sabonakala. : 139

Ukudalwa kwenhlangano nokuqhubekisela phambili ukuzalanisa

Ngo-Mashi 1875, kwasungulwa iklabhu lesithathu le-bulldog, elikhona nanamuhla. Ukuzalwa kwale nhlangano entsha kwenzeka endaweni yokushicilela yaseLondon i-The Blue Post, futhi abasunguli babona umsebenzi ophambili njengokugcina inhlanzeko yohlobo lwesiNgisi, ikakhulukazi kusukela bekuyixube neSpanish Bulldog. Abasunguli bekilabhu baqoqa yonke imininingwane etholakalayo mayelana nokuzalela kanye nabameli bayo abahamba phambili futhi bathuthukisa indinganiso entsha ye-bulldog yesiNgisi, eyashicilelwa ngoMeyi 27, 1875. Leli zinga, nezichibiyelo ezincane, lisebenza e-England njengamanje. Kamuva, yizinhlinzeko ezimbili kuphela ezibalulekile ezafakwa ngaphandle kwaso: 1) ukuthi i-bitch Rosa, ekhonjiswe kumdwebo odumile "uCrib noRosa" (1817), isondele ekufanisweni kwe-bulldog ngokwesimo sayo sangaphandle, umthethosisekelo nosayizi, 2) okungekho neyodwa yezinja ezikhona namuhla ihlangabezana ngokuphelele nezinga ofuna ukulilwela. : 139-140

Isigaba esilandelayo semisebenzi yeklabhu kwakuwukuhlanganiswa kwamaphuzu amaphuzu angaphandle. Inani eliphelele lalinezivivinyo zezingxenye eziyinhloko zangaphandle. Lesi silinganiso samukelwa futhi savunywa ngo-Agasti 5, futhi sashicilelwa ngoSepthemba 2, 1875. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa isiphakamiso sokwenza i -bookbook yabo yeklabhu, kepha akwenzekanga ukuthi bakusebenzise. : 139-140

I-kilabhu yabamba umbukiso wayo wokuqala ngonyaka owodwa ku-pub efanayo; izinja eziyi-10-15 kuphela ezihlanganyele kuzo, ezihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili ngokobulili. I-kilabhu ibambe umbukiso wayo olandelayo ngoJuni 1876, izicelo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zathunyelwa kuwo, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, inani labancintisana lalingama-75 bulldogs kusuka kubanikazi abangama-51. Kwalethwa amakilasi ahlukahlukene: abesilisa abanesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-18, izinsikazi zanoma yisiphi isisindo, imidlwane yabo bobabili abesilisa abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-1, kanye nesigaba esithengisiwe. Yize iqiniso lokuthi iningi lezinja ezethulwe lalizinhle kakhulu, inzalo ekilabhini ngemuva komncintiswano yehla kakhulu. Umbukiso wesithathu wabanjwa ngoNovemba 2, 1878 kuphela. Le khefu leminyaka emibili bekungukuphela komlando wokubukiswa kwale kilabhu, ngaphandle kweMpi Yomhlaba Yesibili. Kusukela ngo-1878 kuze kube namuhla, imibukiso ibanjwa minyaka yonke, njengoba isasasa lomphakathi kanye nochwepheshe ekilabhini selikhuphukile futhi futhi lisaqhubeka lingaguquki kusukela lapho. : 140

Umbukiso we-1879 wawungosuku lokuqala, oluhlala izinsuku ezintathu: kusukela ngoMeyi 15 kuya ku-17. Kwenze nomzamo ongaphumelelanga wokwethula onompempe abaphindwe kabili. NgoDisemba 9-11, iklabhu yabamba umbukiso wayo wokuqala wobusika, wahlela okokuqala imincintiswano emibili ngonyaka. Ngawo lowo nyaka, iklabhu yathuthukisa futhi yamukela umthethonqubo ngokusekelwa nokukhuthaza kohlobo lwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja zezwe, kufaka phakathi ukwandisa izigaba lapho uhlobo lokuzalela lungamelwa khona. Lesi sikhundla nenqubomgomo yekilabhu ihlale isebenza kuze kube manje. : 143

Ngokuqondene nokuthuthukiswa kokuzalela, ama-1870s yisikhathi sokunqoba kwe-bulldog egama linguCrib, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Turways Crib (Isilimo saseTurtonngoba ingekaT. Turton) noSheffield Crib. UCrib wazalwa ngonyaka we-1871 eSheffield nomzala uFred Lamphier (indodana kaJacob Lamphier). I-mushroom ibiyi-tiger heavyweight yangempela - ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-29.Wayeyinzalo ye-Old King Dick okungenani emugqeni owodwa. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi bangalesosikhathi, uCrib wayengummeleli omuhle kakhulu wohlobo lomlando. Ithonya layo ekuthuthukisweni kokuzalela linkulu, yaqala ukuzwakala kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yama-1870s, futhi yafika lapho iphezulu ngo-1890. Embukisweni weBulldog Club, owabanjwa ngonyaka we-1892-93 eRoyal Aquarium, emithanjeni cishe yazo zonke izinja ukusuka kwabazimele, igazi likaCrib lageleza. : 108, 111

Amagatsha amane aphambili wesizwe sanamuhla ama-bulldogs aqhamuka eCrib, kusukela kubathayi abane abahlukene: 111:

• URosa (ow. Berry), izingqwele zamalitha uMonarch kanye ne-Gamester. Esizukulwaneni esilandelayo esivela kwiMonarch: izingqwele zeBritish Monarch, iBritomartis, i-Will of Forchen, Taurus. : 111-116
• UMeg (ow. F. Lamphier), kule litter, i-Tiger yeduna, yona yanikeza izingqwele uRichard the Lionheart kanye neRedova, umnumzane obambile omhlophe uSir Anthony nabanye abaningi: 116-119
• UMiss Smiff (ow. P. Rast), ophuma kulayini ongumgadli wenja yeduna, uSancho Panza, uL’Ambadors - ingqwele yokuqala yokuzalaniswa kwaseMelika, iqhawe uRodney Stone nabanye abaningi. : 119-121
• UKeith (umnikazi we-V. Beckett), kulokhu kulayini kukhona izingqwele uDryad, Dimbula, nezinye izinto eziningi ezidumile zokubukisa nabakhiqizi. : 121

Ekupheleni kwe-XIX bekukhona abamele abaziwayo nabahlonishwayo bohlobo lwezinhlobo ezingekho kulawa magatsha, ngokwesibonelo, umugqa weSixpence - King Cole - King Cole Jr. kanye nompetha u-Alexander noDuke. Lezi zinja zazisetshenziselwa ukuphuma kakhulu nenzalo yamaCrib. Njengamanje, umugqa weKrib uyisisekelo semidwebo yama-bulldogs esiNgisi. : 121

NgoMeyi 17, 1894, iklabhu yase-bulldog yathola isikhundla sebhizinisi futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi inegama elisemthethweni “I-Bulldog Club, Inc.”, okuyilabhu elidala kakhulu lokwenza izinja emhlabeni. : 143

Nakekela i-bulldog yakho oyithandayo

Ukunakekelwa kwe-bulldog yesiNgisi uqobo akuyona inkimbinkimbi ngokwanele, kepha kudinga amakhono athile nokuvumelana okungaguquki. Abanikazi be-bulldogs bavame ukumqhathanisa nengane yabo, kukhona iqiniso elithile kulokhu - inja ngokuqinisekile ngeke iphile ngaphandle komuntu.

• Uboya: inhlanganisela enhle izinwele zayo ezimfushane, kwanele ukuyihlanganisa kanye ngesonto, ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa kungcono nsuku zonke, kepha kuyenzeka njalo nangolunye usuku. Into esemqoka ukuhlanganisa ngokucophelela ezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka: isisu, ama-paws.
• Ukugeza: njengoba inja ihlamba, kuphela ngama-shampoos enja, amanzi akufanele ashise. Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke, ukuvuza nje ngendwangu emanzi nokugeza ama-paws akho ngemuva kokuhamba kufanelekile.
• Claws: usike nge-clipper 1 - izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga, qiniseka ukuthi uqeqesha kusuka enkulungwaneni kuya kwinqubo.
• Amehlo: sula ama-secretion ngokweqile, kungaba ilayisi elikhethekile lezilwane, i-decoction yamakhambi anempahla ye-antiseptic, amaqabunga etiye ajwayelekile (angenamandla) afanelekile.
• Izindlebe: Hlanza nge-lotion yokunakekelwa, nge-swab yekotini - njalo. Bukela ubunjalo bemfihlo, iphunga, ubomvu.



• Amazinyo: geza, unikeze izinti ezikhethekile - amathambo ahlanza i-plaque.
• Izimpungushe namagobolondo ebusweni: kubalulekile ukuyiphatha ngendlela ehlukile, ukungcola nothuli kuqongelela lapho, okuzodala indawo enhle yokukhula kwamagciwane. Sula imibimbi ebusweni, ususe uthuli, kodwa ungayishiyi imanzi, okungukuthi, ngemuva kwenqubo - isule.
• Ukugoma: kuvamile futhi kuyimpoqo, ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane kanye nohhafu wonyaka kuhlelwa. Kudingeka njalo - i-anthelmintic. Ukwelashwa kwesizini kwama-parasites: amaza namikhaza.

Ukuthi i-bulldog yakho yesiNgisi ihlala kanjani - kuzoncika kuwe, ekunakekelweni okuphelele, maningi amathuba okuthi inwebe impilo yenja yakhe isikhathi eside.



Ngaphambi kokuba ingane ifike ekhaya, kufanele ulungiselele ngokucophelela:

1. Hlela indawo azolala kuyo (isidleke noma umbhede othambile),
2. Indawo lapho isilwanyana sizodlela khona, thenga isitsha,
3. Thenga amathoyizi,
4. Ikholomu nokuvuza
5. Nakekela indlu: khipha izinto ezincane, izicathulo, konke okungafunwa futhi kukhishwe phansi,
6. Qiniseka ukuthi ususa izintambo, izintambo zokunweba,
7. Thola amakhefuthi asendlini yangasese.
8. Bheka okungakapheli, kepha ungawuvimbeli ngokuphelele umoya
9. Lungela ukushaya bese ubanga usofa wakho.



Kubiza malini amaNgisi?

Ngaphambi kokukhetha imveku evela kunogwaja wesiNgisi, bonisana ngezindleko zayo, izingane zingama kahle.

Khetha ngokusekelwe ku-:

• Ukubukeka kwesilwane okuvumelanayo,
• Isimilo sakhe
• Izinkomba ngazinye zabazali,
• Ukuba khona kwezihloko namathemba kamama,
• Ukunyakaza akumele kuphoqelelwe,
• Imbungulu idla kahle, inuka kamnandi, ayinamakhwapheni,
• Isidingo siyasebenza, asesabi, sinobungane futhi asisihlukumezi.



Inja ibiza malini i-bulldog yesiNgisi ingatholakala kumfuyi, kepha izindleko zazo cishe zivela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 nangaphezulu, amabhula ngokuvamile abiza kakhulu.

Lapho i-nursery ehlonishwa kakhulu nabazali, kukhuphuka inani lentengo, kepha akufanele ukhohlwe ngezimfanelo zomuntu, uma belungiselela ikusasa lombukiso futhi behlela ukukhetha ngokuzalanisa, lungela ukukhokha kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 kuye kwangama-70.

EFrance

Ama-bulldogs amaNgisi ethulwa kakhulu ezwenikazi laseYurophu maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokuzala lalingakakhiwa, futhi ama-bulldogs ayehlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwawo, ikakhulukazi ngesisindo nosayizi. Ngo-1848-1860, kwaqubuka isimo esibucayi kwezomnotho eNgilandi, kwaba nezikhukhula zabantu abangasebenzi, ikakhulu abeluki bezandla, bathelelwa yi-English Channel beyofuna impilo engcono - enyakatho yeFrance naseBelgium. Babelethe nama-bulldogs ukuze bazijabulise futhi bavikele impahla, futhi njengengxenye yendabuko yabo yaseNgilandi. Ukuze kube lula ekuhambeni, izisebenzi zamaNgisi zazikhetha ama-bulldogs amancane njengabangane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanikazi babo kungenzeka bawele izinja ezilethwe yiSpanish Burdos bulldogs, kanye, kungenzeka, ama-terriers nama-pugs. Abafuduki bahlala ikakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha, bakha izindawo zokuhlala ezinamakhompiyutha, futhi ngokushesha kwavela uhlobo olusha, i-bulldog yaseFrance, eyazalelwa emadolobheni aseParis.

Lo mfuzo awuzange uqashelwe isikhathi eside ezweni lababulali, ngoba ngokusho kwamalungu omphakathi wokuthanda izwe, phakathi kwawo ababekhona abaningi abazalanisa izinja, i-bulldog yayingamaNgisi kuphela. Kepha lapho ama-bulldogs aseFrance eqala ukungeniswa esuka eFrance eya eGreat Britain ngawo-1890s, akunakwenzeka ukuqhubeka nokungabunaki ubukhona bale nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, i-English Kennel Club ayizange iyeke izikhundla zayo kwathi ngo-1894 yabeka okuncane (okungesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-20) ama-bulldogs amaNgisi eqenjini elikhethekile - amathoyizi amathoyizi, ememezela ukuthi lezi kwakuyizinja zaseFrance kuphela ezazinabanikazi bazo abangena ngomcebo kazwelonke wamaNgisi. Yize umehluko ongaphandle phakathi kwendawo ebizwa ngokuthi ama-toy bulldogs neFrance bulldogs efanelekile - okusobala kwakubukeka kahle kakhulu futhi kunamadlebe amakhulu aqondile, ayindilinga, afana namalulwane eNgilandi - bobabili bahlolwe kuyindandatho efanayo isikhathi eside. Ngo-1902, kwasungulwa iklabhu yesiNgisi yabathandi bama-bulldogs aseFrance, ngo-1904 leli gama lavela okokuqala emgqeni, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo ukufuya kwagcina kwamukelwa yiKennel Club yaseGreat Britain. Lokhu kwenzeka ngisho nangaphambilini kuneFrance, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingxabano yaxazululeka, futhi amaFulentshi ahlala eyinto yokuqala kuma-bulldogs amancane.

Amathoyizi esiNgisi wamathoyizi ahlala ethandwa kuze kube cishe ngo-1910. Ngokwasezingeni, babehluka kwezinye izinhlamvu zamaNgisi kuphela ngosayizi. Ngemuva kokuqashelwa kwama-bulldogs aseFrance, isidingo sokwehlukaniswa okunjalo kokunyamalala sanyamalala, abafuyi baphelelwa ukusekelwa, futhi ngokushesha ama-toy bulldogs anyamalala.

Kepha iFrance, onogwaja babo lapho sebeziqhenya kakhulu njengamaNgisi e-UK. Futhi yize ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi izalukazi ezingamaNgisi eFrance zathola abathandekayo bazo, ukuthandwa kwazo akuhambi lapho ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthandwa kwe-French bulldog.

I-Australia neNew Zealand

Ama-bulldogs amaNgisi ngekhulu le-19 asakazekela emakoloni amaningi aseBrithani.Kodwa-ke, e-Australia naseNew Zealand kuphela okwenziwa okuqondisiwe okwenziwayo kwenziwa ngisho nokwenziwa okujwayelekile - i-Australia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka okuyinhloko ekusungulweni nasekugcinweni kwaleli zinga kungokwabazalanisi baseNew Zealand, ngoba ukuthandwa kohlobo lokuzalela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane e-Australia ekuqaleni kwakuphansi, yize iqiniso lokuthi ama-bulldogs okuqala avele lapho ekuqaleni kwesikhathi. : 247

Kakade embukisweni wokuqala wezinja, owawubanjelwe eMelbourne ngo-Ephreli 7-8, 1864, ngokusho kukhathalogi, ababambiqhaza abangu-17 bamenyezelwa ekilasini le-bulldog. Umsebenzi we-pedigree esifundeni usuphumule isikhathi eside ekungeniseni izinja ze-upscale ezivela eNgilandi. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwalelikhulu lama-20, abameli abambalwa abavelele bohlobo balethwa e-Australia: owesilisa uBig Baby (kamuva owaziwa ngeViking), uBruce IV, uHardy Norseman nabanye. Ngemuva kokungenisa, isiqalo Esingenisiwe sasivame ukungezwa kumagama ezinja ukuze sihlukanise nezinja ezitholwe emakoloni. : 247, 249

INew Zealand yahlinzeka amakoloni ngezinja ezigcwele kahle kuze kube ngo-1894. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka ye-1900s, kwasungulwa iNew South Wales English Bulldog Club e-Australia, esephenduke enye yamakilabhu akhethekile e-Australia futhi manje usiyinhlangano enethonya kakhulu ezwenikazi nasezweni labathandi be-bulldog. : 247, 249

Njengamanje, ukungeniswa kwama-bulldogs avela eNgilandi kuyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlobo lokuzalela esifundeni, ompetha abaningi base-Australia kungenzeka ukuthi bangeniswe ezwenikazi uqobo, noma bayinzalo yesizukulwane sokuqala sabanqobi baseBrithani okungenani emugqeni owodwa. : 247-258

Melika

Ama-bulldogs amaNgisi amadala angeniswa ezwekazini laseMelika ngabaseYurophu kusukela ngekhulu le-16. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi, kwavela ama-bulldogs, ngokwesibonelo, endaweni yezifunda zesimanje zaseBrazil iRio Grande do Sul noSanta Catarina. Ukufika kwabafuduki abavela eBrithani kwandise engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-18: ngonyaka we-1724, iNgilandi, lapho umnotho wayo wawucindezelekile, yasungula ikoloni layo eliseningizimu impela, neGeorgia, futhi ngosizo lokuthanda okuningana kwaqala izimo zokuheha abokufika lapho.

Abahlali babesebenzisa ama-bulldogs njengezinja ezisebenza indawo yonke - ukuvikela izindlu nempahla, kanye nokwalusa izinkomo nokuzingela izingulube zasendle. Ukuze zizalaniswe, abalimi bakhetha izinja ezinkulu kunazo zonke, eziqine kunazo zonke. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, ukuzalaniswa kwama-bulldogs aseMelika, okuyisiko ngaseningizimu yabalimi e-USA, kwaqala ukwakheka ngokuhlukaniswa okuhlobene. Ochwepheshe nabafuyi bezinja zezinja baqala ukuba nentshisekelo kakhulu kulolu hlobo lokuzalela kuphela ngekhulu lama-20, futhi ukuqina okuyinhloko kokulondolozwa kwalo kwamukelwa nguJohn D. Johnson. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-bulldog yanamuhla yaseMelika iyinzalo eqondile ye-Old English bulldog, iphinda izici zayo ngokunembe kakhulu. Isiphetho salolu hlobo lokuzalwa lwalunzima kakhulu - sicishe sanyamalala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lasindiswa, kepha lisengcupheni kakhulu futhi lingazinzi, lihlukaniswe ngemigqa emibili yezizwe, enomehluko omkhulu, onesifo sokushushumbisa. Umphakathi jikelele wafunda ngobukhona bokuzala kuphela ngeminyaka yama-1980s, ukuzalaniswa kwaqashelwa ezingeni likazwelonke yi-United Club of Dog Breeding (UKC) ngonyaka ka-1999, kepha kuze kube manje akukaze kuvunywe i-International Kennel Federation (FCI).

EBrazil, kukhona ababizwa ngeCampeiro bulldogs, abathi futhi bayinzalo eqondile futhi emsulwa ye-Old English Bulldog. Lokhu kuzalaniswa nakho akuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele.

E-Melika, ubuholi ekwaziseni ama-Bulldogs amaNgisi nokwazisa ngokuzalaniswa kwawo kungokwase-United States, lapho kunendinganiso ye-English Bulldog, ehlukile kancane kumazinga waseBrithani nawamazwe omhlaba. Ukuqalwa kokuqala kokuvela kwengoduso yaseBrithani yaseBrithani eMelika yaqala emuva ngo-1880 - owesilisa oneminyaka emhlophe ubudala ogama lakhe linguDonald wadalulwa nguSir William Werner eNew York. : 179 Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ama-bulldogs amahle kakhulu e-USA ngeminyaka yama-80s yekhulu le-19 angeniswa izitha zabantu besilisa uRobinson Crusoe (Robinson crusoe) no-Britomartis wesifazane (Britomartis), kusuka kumpetha waseNgilandi Monarch. IBritomartis yayihlala ithatha izindawo zokuqala embukisweni waseNew York kusuka ngo-1885 kuya ku-1890, kwathi uRobinson Crusoe waba ngumpetha wokuqala wezwe ngo-1888. : 179-181

Ngo-1890, uH. D. Kendall (H.D. Kendall) Ngacabanga ngokwakha inhlangano imisebenzi yayo engiyibone

Ukujoyina imizamo yokuxhasa ukuzalanisa okucatshangwayo nokubucayi kwama-bulldogs eMelika, kulondolozwa ubumsulwa bezinhlobo, ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yemfuyo yendawo, kanye nokuqeda ubandlululo olungathandeki olwalukhona emqondweni womuntu maqondana nalolu hlobo lokuzalwa oluhle lwezinja. : 181-182

Ukuzalwa kwe-American Bulldog Club (Iklabhu ye-bulldog yaseMelika, ICA) kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli 1, 1890 eMekanix Hall, eBoston. Kuqala, abathandi be-bulldog bagxile kuzinga le-English Bulldog Club, kodwa vele ngonyaka we-1891 omunye wabasunguli be-American Club J.H. Matthews (J. H. Matthews) ihlongoze indinganiso yokuqanjwa kwayo. Izinguquko zazincane futhi amalungu ekilabhu enqabile ukunikezwa kukaMathess. Babuyela embuzweni ngonyaka we-1896, indinganiso yesiNgisi yathathwa njengengasebenzi futhi ayicacile ngokwanele, futhi ikhomishini eyakhiwe ngokukhethekile yavuma eyayo, i-American Bulldog Standard, okuthi, ngokucaciswa okuncane, isebenze e-United States futhi njengamanje: 182.

Isikhathi esithile, ukuzalaniswa kwama-bulldogs ama-pedigree kwakuhlala ekungeneni kwabahlabeleli kanye nabakhiqizi abahamba phambili abavela eNgilandi ngenhloso yokuwina kwimibukiso yezwe kanye nokuthola inzalo yabazukulu. Kungekudala ngemuva kokudalwa kweklabhu ye-bulldog, uR. B Sawyer (R. B. Sawyer) angenise ama-bulldogs amathathu adumile: owesilisa uHarper (IHarperkusuka ku-champ. I-Monsters yaseBrithani) nesithombe sowesifazane iGraven (Graven isithombe) ne-Holly Terror (Ukwesaba uHolly) : Ngo-182 Harper ngonyaka we-1891 waba ngumnikazi wokuqala kwenye yezindebe ezimbili zesiliva ezinikezwe i-BCA - iParke Cup (ngonyaka olandelayo yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yiGrand Trophy). Indebe yesibili enjalo kwakuyiSawyer Cup, eyasungulwa ngumnikazi weHarper. Ukuqoshwa kwakumaka izinkomishi ngamagama ezinto zabawinile namagama abanini bawo.

Ngemuva kwalokhu, MinaD. Morgan waletha umpetha waseNgilandi uPathfinder noSalenny (ababheka njengeyona nto enhle kakhulu yesikhathi): 182. Unyaka we-1893 wawunqume ekuthatheni izintambo zozalo e-United States. Isibalo sezicelo zokubamba iqhaza ku-New York Exhibition siphindwe kabili uma siqhathaniswa nesangonyaka odlule, inani lokuthenga eliphakeme kakhulu lenziwe ngabazalisi bezinja baseMelika: ama-champion Heath Lordship (Ubukhosi bakhe), Inkosi Orry (Inkosi orry), IBoswain. Ngo-1894, eNew York, indawo yokuqala yaya kowesilisa uHeath Lordship, owesibili waya eKing King insikazi, owesithathu kuKing Orry. : I-185 Intshisekelo kuma-bulldogs yahlala izinzile; ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka, usopolitiki uRichard Crocker wazwakalisa yena uqoboRichard Croker), inhloko yeTammany Hall. Phakathi kokuthengile kwakhe bekukhona izingqwele uPetramoss noPersimmon, kanye neBeat yeBluff, iLittle Whitch nezinye izinja. : 189 Kepha umuzwa wangempela wenziwa ngokutholwa kwakhe kwamagadli uBromley Crib (Bromley crib, ngo-1900 nge- £ 800) futhi, ikakhulukazi, uRodney Stone (nge- $ 1000 ngo-1901, ngaleso sikhathi intengo yamarekhodi eyake yakhokhela i-bulldog): 187, 189.

Umbhali waseNgilandi omuhle kakhulu wohlobo lokuzala lweMelika lwango-1890s, ochwepheshe abaningi bayayibona i-male Hands Dan (I-Handsome dan): 183. Le bulldog, "isiphambano phakathi kwesigingci kanye nesinqe esinophondo" [comm. 8] ithengwe yiNgilandi u-Andrew B. Graves (U-Andrew B. Amathuna) kusuka kumnikazi wangaphambilini, umsiki wezinsimbi, ngo-1889 ngama- $ 65. UGraves wafunda kuYale futhi wadlalela iqembu lakhe lebhola. U-Hands Dan waba yisiqu seyunivesithi, cishe isasco yokuqala yaseMelika yesikhungo semfundo ephakeme. Kwakukhona isiko ngaphambi kokuqala kwemidlalo yebhola ne-baseball yeqembu ukukhipha uDani enkundleni ukuze awele. Ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu, uGraves wabuyela eNgilandi, washiya uDan enakekela umfowabo. Ngokuphila kwakhe konke, uDan uzuze imiklomelo engaphezu kwama-30 kwimibukiso ehlukahlukene, kubandakanya nendawo yokuqala eWestminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Ngo-1897, uDani wahlangana futhi nenkosi yakhe, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo washonela eNgilandi. Kodwa-ke, abafundi kanye nabalaleli babeyithanda kakhulu le mascot ephilayo kangangokuba ngo-1933 kwathathwa isinqumo sokuvuselela leli siko ngokwethula “isikhundla” sikaDan Hands. I-mascot yanamuhla ye-Yale iyishumi nesithupha ilandelana.AmaBulldogs asephenduke enye yamascots athandwa kakhulu eyunivesithi yase-US kanye namaqembu wezemidlalo ochwepheshe.

UBitch Charles J. Hopton (UCharles G. Hopton) L’Ambadors (I-L'Amassadeur) waba ngundabamlonyeni wokuqala waseMelika ukuzuza isicoco sompetha ezweni labazalanayo, eNgilandi. Ngo-1896-1901, weqa i-Atlantic amahlandla angaphezu kweshumi ukuze abambe iqhaza kwimibukiso, mhlawumbe waba yi-bulldog ehambahamba kakhulu emlandweni. Kulokhu kunqoba, uHipton wanikezwa indondo ye-Deal Trophy Cup, eyasungulwa ngokukhethekile nguRichard Crocker. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, uHipton wayidlulisela iNdebe ye-BCA, kwathi umklomelo waqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi nguRodney Trophy.

Ngo-1904, kwaxhaswa kanye nokuhlinzekelwa okuphambili kwe-American Bulldog Club. Ngemuva kwalokho, le nhlangano yaqashelwa yi-American Kennel Club (Iklabhu yase-kennel yaseMelika, I-ACK), njengo "mama" wawo wonke amanye amakilabhu e-bulldog ezweni. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi izinja zishintsha izinguquko ekubukekeni nasekuguqukeni kwemizimba azivunyelwe kule mibukiso. : 194 Ngemuva kokuthola ukuqashelwa yi-AKC, ibhodi le-ICA ekuqaleni lalikhungathekile imizamo yokusungula amanye amakilabhu e-bulldog, lifuna ukugcina igunya lokuphela kwenhlangano yezwe yalo hlobo lwayo. Izinhlangano zenhlangano ezazifuna ukhetho zenqatshelwe zenqatshelwa, okuholela ekutheni kube nenkulumompikiswano evuthayo, eyagcina iphumele ekwamukelweni kwePhiladelphia Bulldog Club ngo-1907. Ngasikhathi sinye, ezinye izinhlangano eziningi, njengeChicago Bulldog Club neAmerican Bulldog Breeders Association of America, zenqatshelwa ukubhaliswa. Ngakho-ke, kusukela kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke, kwenziwa imibukiso emibili ekhethekile yonyaka e-USA - eNew York nasePhiladelphia. : 194

Ngo-1914, kwenziwa izinguquko kweleveli kazwelonke- “impumulo ka-Dudley” (ekhaleni elingenayo i-pigmentation noma ukungabikho kwayo) kwathiwa sinesici esingafanele. : 194

Ukumelana nokwanda kwe-BCA kwenethiwekhi ye-bulldog kilabhu kuyaqhubeka. Sekukonke, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, umsebenzi wale nhlangano ngenxa yokuvuleka kwawo njalo wawuphelezelwa yizinhlamba nezinsolo zokukhwabanisa, ukusatshalaliswa kwemiklomelo ngokungafanele emibukisweni, kanye nokwenqatshwa kwezinhlangano zesifunda ukubhalisa ngaphansi kwezinyathelo ezazisanda kuthathwa.

IPhiladelphia Club, ngaphandle kokuqashelwa, yakwazi ukuba yilungu elisebenzayo le-Association ngo-1912 kuphela. Ngemuva kwemizamo eminingi engaphumelelanga, ngo-1916 iChicago Bulldog Club yavunyelwa ukuba ibambe owayo umbukiso. Ngo-1923, iPacific Coast Club yathola imvume efanayo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, iChicago Club yaphinde yanqatshelwa isicelo sokujoyina inhlangano. Maphakathi nawo-1920s, imibukiso yaqala ukwenzeka ezweni lonke. Ngo-1928, amakilabhu eDetroit, uBuffalo naseMaryland ahlonzwa. Kusukela ngo-1941, i-BCA yayeka ukunika amaGrand Trophy nama-Sawyer Cups, futhi yathumela ebhange ukuthi izogcinwa, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kwesinye isikhathi kukhombisa izinsalela emicimbini yokugubha usuku lokuzalwa. I-BCA National Champion Breeder / Owner / Handler isanikeza indebe yeRodney Trophy.

Ngo-1948, kwenziwa isinqumo sokuhlela kabusha i-BCA, eyaqedwa ngo-1950, ngaphansi kobuholi bekhomishini eholwa nguD.M. Livingston (wasePennsylvania). Kwalungiswa umbhalo omusha walomthethosisekelo nomthethonqubo, ngokuya kwalokho imisebenzi ye-BCA yahlanganiswa kakhulu ne-AKC. NgoFebhuwari 13, 1950, isisekelo senhlangano evuselelwe samenyezelwa izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamavoti amalungu ayo. Manje i-American Bulldog Club yayinamagatsha ayisikhombisa (kamuva kwayisishiyagalombili), ngalinye lalikhokhelwa ngumongameli. Ikilabhu yabazali yayiholwa ngumkhandlu nobuholi obusha kabusha. Imibukiso eyinhloko ye-BCA manje ibibanjelwe ezifundeni ezihlukene zezwe, umnikazi wombukiso wokuqala wokuqala ngo-1949 kwakuyi-Indiana Bulldog Club. Le nqubomgomo isizuzise ukuzalela e-United States, futhi i-BCA ibambelele kuyo kuze kube manje. : 211

Kusukela entwasahlobo yango-1972, i-BCA ibishicilela iphephabhuku elikhethekile lekota i-Bulldogger, nelisatshalaliswa kumalungu ekilabhu, kanye nakubahluleli nakwamanye amaqembu anentshisekelo.

Ngokwehlukana, kubalulekile ukusho isiphetho sohlobo lokuzalela eHawaii. Lesi simo sase-US siqhele ngamakhilomitha angama-3700 ukusuka ezingxenyeni zezwe, futhi nokho, iHawaii ingenye yezindawo ezaziwa kakhulu nge-bulldog yesiNgisi. Ngokokuqala ngqá kwahlelwa iklabhu ye-bulldog lapho ngo-1939, kwathi ngo-1945 kwenziwa umbukiso wayo wokuqala.Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1950s babeqhutshwa minyaka yonke, kodwa-ke ikilabhu kwadingeka ukuthi lixoshwe. Ngo-1952, kwaqoshwa inombolo yama-bulldogs e-Hawaii, ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi okunye ukuzalanisa. Ngo-1969, ngemizamo yemindeni eyishumi, iklabhu yavuselelwa, ngonyaka we-1973 kwenziwa umbukiso wokuqala we-AKC onamalayisense. Kusukela lapho, bebelokhu benziwa njalo ngonyaka, kufikelwa izinja ezingaba ngu-15 embukisweni ngamunye. Inani elincane labenzi bezicelo lenza kube nzima ukukhetha abazophumelela. Ukungeniswa kwezinja ezintsha kuyinkinga ngenxa yokuvalelwa kwesilwane okuphelele kwezinsuku ezingama-120 esikhunjeni esikhethekile, okuqukethwe okukhokhwa ngumnikazi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, iningi lama-bulldogs waseHawaii avela ezwenikazi noma eNgilandi. : 241-245

I-America imakethe enkulu yama-bulldogs athunyelwe evela e-UK. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yabasubathi abangamaNgisi abathengiswayo abaseMelika. Ngaphezu kwe-United States, ezwekazini laseMelika, kuqalwa umsebenzi wokufuya ama-bulldog eMexico naseCanada. IMexico, ngokungafani ne-United States neCanada, iphakathi kwamazwe angamalungu e-FCI, futhi kunamazwe aphesheya kwezinga lokuzala. Ngaphandle kokunye umehluko wayo ovela kwelejwayelekile laseMelika, imibukiso yaseMexico ogwini lwePacific nayo iyathandwa ngabanikazi bezinja abavela e-United States. ICanada kwesinye isikhathi ifudukisa abagadli abangamaNgisi ngamunye. : 231

Emazweni aseMelika, ama-bulldogs nawo aqeqeshelwa ukuzingela izigqila ezibalekile, kodwa ngokubhujiswa kobugqila leli siko lahamba kancane kancane lodwa.

IRussia

AmaBulldogs nawo agcinwa eRussia. Ngokubambisana nabakwaMedel, babamba iqhaza ekushushisweni kwamabhere, eMosso ukushushiswa okunjalo kwenzeka ngaphandle kweRogozh, kuze kube yingxenye yesibili yekhulu le-19 lapho bavinjelwe. Bezigcina nezilwane ezifuywayo njengezifuywayo. Ngokweminye imibiko, lo mzali wavinjelwa ngasese eSoviet Russia ngonyaka ka 1923, njengoba kugcizelelwa "onxiwankulu". Isasasa lokuzalela kabusha eRussia lavuselelwa ngeminyaka yama-1980s, futhi inani eliphakeme lokuthandwa kwalo lafika ngonyaka we-1990-95. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, inzalo kuma-bulldogs ihlale iphakeme ngokungaguquki, kepha isiko lokuzalela ngokwesilinganiso lisalele kakhulu emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika.

Amanye amazwe

EYurophu, phakathi kwabaholi ngenani nangekhwalithi yohlobo lwama-bulldogs: Spain, Italy, eminyakeni yamuva nje, iHungary ibambe isikhundla esihle.

Ama-bulldogs amaNgisi adumile nakwamanye amazwe omhlaba, ikakhulukazi eJapan naseNingizimu Afrika. EJapan, inani lama-bulldogs asebenza kahle liye lakhula ngokuqinile amashumi eminyaka. AmaJapan athenge izingqwele ezimbalwa eNgilandi ukwedlula abaseMelika, kodwa bazimisele ukubakhokhela ngaphezulu kwanoma ngubani omunye umuntu emhlabeni, ngokuzethemba bathathe indawo yesibili emakethe. Ngo-2006, ohlelweni lwesiNgisi lwe-The Bulldog, kweziyi-150 okukhulunywa ngazo emhlabeni wonke, ezingama-40 kwakunguJapan.

ISouth African Bulldog Club cishe ibingeyesithathu ngobukhulu emlandweni ngesikhathi isungulwa, ngemuva kwamaNgisi kanye nawaseMelika. Yasungulwa ngonyaka ka-1908 ngaphansi kobuholi bukaDkt Curry (UDkt. UCrrie), futhi ubuqhawe bokuqala babanjwa ngo-1913.

Izindinganiso zokuzalela

Indinganiso yokuqala yokuzala ka-1865 - i-Filo-Kuonsky - ikhokha ukunaka kakhulu ezimfanelweni ze-bulldog ezithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwenja kwindandatho. Zonke izingxenye ze-bulldog ezichazwe kuyo zisebenza kakhulu. Inhloko enkulu enesifinyezo esifushane nobanzi kanye nokudla okungelula emihlathini kunikeze indawo enkulu yokubamba futhi yavumela i-bulldog ukuba ibambelele ngokuqinile enkomeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ekhaleni lagobhoza emuva kwavumela inja ukuba iphefumule ngokukhululeka, futhi igazi lenkunzi laligobhoza phansi emphethweni ebusweni nasekhanda liye phansi, ngaphandle kokugcwalisa amehlo nasemakhaleni. Ngenxa yobude obufushane, inja ingashwibeka ngokushesha emhlabathini, ibambe izimpondo zenkunzi. Isisindo sakhe sasingesincane kakhulu - kangangokuba inkunzi yayizwa futhi, izama ukuqeda umthwalo, ngokushesha yayakhathala. Kepha isisindo esiningi kakhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bekuyokwehlisa ukusebenza kwe-bulldog, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, bekungeke kumyekise ukuhlala ebusweni benkunzi, inja yawa ngaphansi kwezinyawo zayo nocezu lwenyama edwengulekile emazinyweni ayo. : 137-138

Akumangazi ukuthi ababhali bePhilo-Kuon standard babheka ngokukhululekile ukwakheka kwezindlebe noma umsila we-bulldog yesiNgisi. Izindlebe kufanele ukuthi zikulungele ukuthi zibambe inja idwengula inkunzi, ukubukeka kwazo kungacishe kube yilokhu: i-rose, i-bud, noma i-semi-tul (tulip). Futhi umsila kufanele ube mude futhi unciphe kusuka esisekelweni kuze kube sekupheleni, futhi ngakho-ke uzwela, ukuze kuthi uma ulilume, i-bulldog ungaqinisekiswa ukuthi uzokhishwa empini. Njengamanje, lezi zihloko zinakwa kakhulu. Umsila we-bulldog yesiNgisi yamanje kufanele ube mfushane, futhi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezindlebe, uhlobo lwe-rose lufiseleka kakhulu. Noma umsila nezindlebe kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi akumiswa. : 61.74

Umbhalo wePhilo-Kuon standard ukhuluma kabili ngokuthi "ekahle", ngandlela thile, ama-bulldogs akhonjiswe kwimidwebo edumile. Ngemuva kweRosa lowesifazane kwaqanjwa igama elithi ireferensi: 88, kanti iBhola labesilisa linomsila oyisibonelo. : 87-88 Umkhuba onjalo, othatha njengesiqondiso abamele abaziwayo bohlobo lwangaphambilini, wanqatshwa kamuva. Yathathelwa indawo umbono wokulwela i-bulldog yesikhathi esizayo, eqinisekisa ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokuzalela. : 53

Njengamanje, kuma-bulldogs, nakwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zohlobo, kukhona amazinga athile. Emazweni angaphezu komhlaba angama-80 omhlaba, izinhlangano zikazwelonke ze-cynological zazo ezifakiwe kwi-FCI (kufaka neRussia), izinga le-International Cynological Federation lisebenza (FCI No. 149 ka-04/16 / 2004). Ezweni labazalanayo, e-UK, kusebenza izwe lonke le-English Kennel Club. Izindinganiso eziziwayo zikhona nakwamanye amazwe okungeyona i-FCI, anethonya kakhulu kuwo yi-United States neCanada. Zonke lezi zindinganiso zizonke aziphikisani, ngoba zibuyele enkambisweni yePhilo-Kuon yango-1865 futhi, kunoma yikuphi, zilandela incwadi yayo, ngaphandle kwamaphuzu ambalwa abuyiselwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu lomlando wozalo. : 93 Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswe isilinganiso sePhilo-Kuon, ngoba asinazo izincazelo zezindatshana ezithile, noma lezi zincazelo zichaziwe kuphela. Isibonelo, indinganiso ye-1865 ayibiki lutho ngokuvela kwezingulule namazinyo e-bulldog, kakhulu, yize ichaza, ichaza isifuba sayo nomzimba wonke, futhi futhi kayilawuli ukunyakaza okuyinja kwenja, ikhuluma kuphela ukuthi kufanele ibe "yikhululekile" . Ezinguqulweni zakamuva zeleveli, lezi zikhala ziye zagcwaliswa.

Izibalo zokuzalela nezidingo zeleveli

Ngokwesihlukaniso se-FCI, ama-bulldogs amaNgisi angamalungu eqembu 2 (izikhonkwane kanye nama-schnauzers, ama-molosses, izinja zezinkomo zaseSwitzerland nezinye izinhlobo), isigaba 2.1 (izinja ezinjenge-molosses nemastiffs). Kusetshenziswa njengonogada nomzimba (Ukuqunjelwa nezinja zoMngane) Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza nalokhu kuzalaniswa akwenziwa. I-FCI zohlobo olujwayelekile lweNombolo 149 yango-4/16/2004 ichaza izinkomba eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo zangaphandle nokuziphatha kwama-bulldogs:

I-bulldog yizinwele ezibushelelezi, ezinesitoko, nezinenhliziyo emfushane, ezinamandla futhi ziqinile. Ikhanda likhulu, kepha alakhi umbono wokungalingani, ukujikeleza kwalo ekubonweni kwangaphambili kucishe kulingane nokukhula kwenja. Izinyawo ziqinile, ziqinile, zinemisipha eminingi. Embonweni ongaphambili, izigcawu ezimbili ezilinganayo zingahlukaniswa: kuchazwe ngasekhanda futhi kubhalwe phakathi kwezingaphambili nesifuba. Imilenze yangemuva mude futhi iqinile, ilula kancane kunangaphambili.

Umzimba umfushane, ucacile uvalwe. Intamo iminyene kakhulu, ijulile futhi iqinile, inentambo egobekile ebunjiwe. Umhlane umfushane, uqinile ("mkhumbi"), isisu siqinisiwe. Umsila umfishane, usethelwe phansi, uqondile noma ukhakhayini.

Ingaphandle le-English Bulldog. Ukuqagela main.






Isibalo sesifishane, sibanzi, sikhuphukela phezulu, kusukela ekhoneni leso kuya ekhoneni lomlomo kujule kakhulu. Imihlathi ibanzi, inkulu, inesikwele, futhi iluma. Imifundaze yayiwugqinsi, ijulile, i-saggy, iminyene kakhulu, imboze ngokuphelele umhlathi ongezansi ezinhlangothini zombili.Amehlo lapho abukwa kusukela ngaphambili abekwe phansi, kude nezindlebe, futhi ahlukane ngangokunokwenzeka. Izindlebe zihlukene bude, ngangokunokwenzeka emehlweni, omncane futhi mncane, usethe ukuphakama, mhlawumbe uncanyathiselwe ku-cartilage (njenge "rose").

Umbala ungahlukahluka (tiger, obomvu ngombala omhlophe, njll.), I-monophonic (imhlophe, i-fawn, ibomvu ngemibala ehlukene, ibomvu noma ibe nsundu ngombala ophuzi, njll.) Noma izinkathazo - umbala owodwa onomaskandi omnyama noma obumnyama.

Isisindo esifanele sabesilisa singama-25 kg, amalulwane - ama-23 kg.

Ukuhamba kwe-bulldog kusinda, kusinda, isinyathelo sifushane, sishesha. Izandla zomzimba wesibeletho cishe azikhuphuki, ngokungathi kunjalo, zintanta ngaphezu komhlaba, amahlombe athambekela phambili. Kubukeka sengathi inja ihamba "nge-tiptoe".

Indinganiso ifaka phakathi ukungabi namibala emnyama noma enombala wenyama, i-nose loben ne-pigmentation enganele, ukugogeka kwamakhala kulenga phezu kwayo, umsila ongaphakathi, izinkinga zokuphefumula, kanye nokuphambuka kokuziphatha: ulaka noma ubugwala.

Kunemibono ehlukene phakathi kochwepheshe mayelana nokuthi iyiphi inja emlandweni wohlobo olusondele kakhulu kwinto efanelekile. Kodwa-ke, i-bitch enhle kakhulu ye-bulldog yesikhathi sonke, abaningi babheka iRoseville Blaze (IRoseville blaze) - Champ. England ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX. : 53, 134

Ngaphandle kokuhambisana kwazo zonke izindinganiso ezikhona zohlobo lokuzala, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitayela ezingaphandle ngokwesiko zikhethwa emazweni ahlukene. EYurophu, isitayela sohlobo lwesiNgisi siyahola, kanti eMelika ukubukeka okwedlulele kwe-bulldogs kuvunywa ngokuphelele - kukhona amafolda amaningi ekhanda, adalulwa ngaphezulu, kunesikhumba esiningi, umugqa ophezulu uqonde ngqo. Indlela yokusingatha (ekhombisa inja embukisweni) ihluke kakhulu kwelaseYurophu.

Izici ze-anatomy kanye ne-physiology

Ama-bulldogs esiNgisi anezinwele ezimfishane: izinja ezingama-55 (uboya ngaphandle kangaphansi: 302), ezinemibandela yohlobo lokuzala oluphakathi nendawo (ukuphakama 50-55 cm): 52, kepha zinzima kakhulu ngokuzalanisa okunjalo: 34. Uhlobo lokungeziwe - okukhululekile (okuluhlaza). : 59

Ngesikhathi sokukhula kohlobo lokuzalwa, inja yajika yalwa yaba yinto yokuhlobisa, eyatholakala ngokuqhakambisa izici zesimilo sohlobo lwangempela: ukwanda kwekhanda, ukunqamuza isihlakala, umzimba nemilenze, ukunwetshwa kwesethi yazo, ukwanda kwemikhawulo yesikhumba, njll. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni ngenxa yobuchopho be-anatomy, umthwalo osesisindo somzimba we-bulldog uwela ikakhulukazi emathanjeni emilenzeni, kodwa emisipha. Umzimba we-bulldog "ulenga" kubo lapho inja imane ime noma ihamba, futhi ngenxa yalokho ama-bulldogs asheshe athole ubunzima besisindo semisipha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-bulldogs ashesha ukukhathala, ahlushwa ukuphefumula, kuvame ukuba nezinkinga ngohlelo lwenhliziyo. : 34 I-bulldog idinga ukuphumula okuningi nokulala ukuze ilondoloze imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba, yona, uma umbuso nokudla kungalandelwa, kuvame ukuholela ekukhuluphiseni, okuholela emthwalweni omkhulu enhliziyweni nesibindi futhi, ekugcineni, ekugugeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi nasekufushweni kwempilo isilwane. : 34

Ngenxa ye-brachycephaly enamandla nomzimba ocindezelwe, ama-bulldogs anemizila emifushane kakhulu yomoya. Ngenxa yalokhu, bathambekele ekubandeni futhi bazwela kakhulu ekushiseni ngokweqile. Enye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokufa kwe-bulldog ukushiswa unhlangothi. : Isimo sezulu esishisayo esingu-276 esine umswakama ophezulu siyingozi kakhulu kuma-bulldog, siqala ukuphefumula kakhulu, “puff”, futhi uma lokhu kuqhubeka izinsuku eziningana, kungaholela kwi-edema ye-laryngeal. Imfihlo ebonakalayo noma egcwele amagwebu iqala ukuqongelela umphimbo, okuyinto inja engayilindelanga, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-bulldog ingafoka amandla futhi ife. Uma i-bulldog yake yasinda lapho ishiswa ukushisa, ngokuzayo iba nozwela kakhulu ekushiseni ngokweqile. Umphumela wesibili wemigwaqo emifushane kakhulu yomoya wama-bulldogs ukudonsa ngamandla ephusheni.

I-bulldog iwukuphela kwezinhlobo zezinja ezinabameleli bazo, njengomthetho, abazalwa ngenxa yesigaba se-cesarean esihleliwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-bitches amaningi akuthola kunzima ukuzala ngokwemvelo.Ikhanda lomdlonga alidluleli kalula emgudwini wesibeletho, ngoba ngamazinga wohlobo lwezinyo lomhlana ofanele kufanele abe mncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bulldogs a-phlegmatic, futhi ukuzala kwengane kungenzeka kungalethi ithoni yemisipha yezinye izingquza esimweni esifunayo. : 302-303 Uma isibeletho sokuqala kwilitha eline-pelvic isethulo noma sinenhloko enkulu nebhulukwe elikhulu kakhulu, khona-ke, uma usinikeze wonke amandla akhe kuye, ibitch ngeke ikwazi ukuzala konke: 297. I-bitch ngokwemvelo iququda intambo yombilical, kodwa ngenxa yesidlakudla, ingayinqaba ngokuqinile, bese umdlwane angakha i-hernia eyindilinga. : 294 Indlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokugwema zonke lezi zingozi iwukuba nesigaba se-cesarean. Njengamanje, cishe amaphesenti ama-6 kuphela ama-bulldog's pedigree bitches ahamba yedwa. : 303

Phakathi kwezifo ezejwayelekile zama-bulldogs:

• cysts phakathi kweminwe: isuswe ngudokotela wezilwane noma ongumakadebona onolwazi
• i-adenoma yekhulu lesithathu ("iso le-cherry") - i-hypertrophic ye-gland ye-lacrimal yekhulu lesithathu: isuswa ngokuhlinzwa ngudokotela wezilwane
• ukwanda kwekhulu lesithathu: kuqedwe ngudokotela wezilwane
• izinhlobo ezithile zomzimba (ezithweni zokudla, umuthi, imikhaza, uthuli lwendlu, impova, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto, izinsimbi, ukukhanya kwelanga nezinye izinto eziningi)
• ukuwohloka kwe-hip (imvamisa ezinjeni ezindala), kanti i-dysplasia ye-hip barrel ayivelakancane ngenxa yomphetho ongahlangene nomgqomo we-barrel
• I-Natoptyshy - izindawo ezihlanganisiwe zama-oval, isikhumba esiyindilinga (amabele aqine, izigcawu ze-hyperkeratous) ezivela kumaphara we-bulldog paws. Ukuqedwa ngudokotela wezilwane

Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila kwe-bulldog yesiNgisi yiminyaka engama-8-10, okuyinto engaphansi kwaleyo yezinja zohlobo oluningi, kepha sihambisana nesikhathi esiphilwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ama-molosses asele (omanzi, owokuqina, wesibhakela). Ngokuzalwa okuhle nokugcinwa kahle, i-bulldog ingaphila iminyaka eyi-12-15.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Ama-bulldogs esiNgisi ayizinja ezithobekile, ezilinganiselayo nezinhle: 34, ezilungele kahle ukugcinwa efulethini noma endlini yezwe. Ngenxa yesimo se-phlegmatic, azibangeli inkinga kumnikazi ngokuziphatha kwazo futhi azibeki engcupheni ezinganeni ezincane, zihlangane kahle nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.

Ama-bulldogs awadingi imithwalo: awadingi ukuhamba isikhathi eside noma ukugijima, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukusebenza ngokomzimba okungathi sína kubhekelwe ama-bulldogs. I-bulldog ifakwe endlini yayo, indawo ayithandayo kakhulu endlini, enkosini yayo. Kwesinye isikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi "izinja zezinja ezivilaphayo" noma "izinja zokugada usofa." Ukunakekela izinwele nezinzipho akunzima, kepha kufanele kube njalo. Kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuhlanza nokukhipha amafula esihlathini kanye nendawo engaphansi komsila, ongasontwa kakhulu futhi ucindezelwe kakhulu emzimbeni wenja, ukuze uvikele ukunqwabelana kokwenza ukuqhuma kwezi zindawo nokukhula kwezifo. Kwezinye izimo, amafutha akhethekile asetshenzisiwe asetshenziswa. Ukudla kweBulldog kufanele kube nekhalori ephezulu, ibe nemikhiqizo yokugaya ukudla engahambi ekwakhiweni kwama-deposits enamafutha - ngokwezinga, i-bulldog akufanele ibe mnene, kepha inamandla futhi iqinile.

Uma umnikazi ehlela ukukhombisa i-bulldog yakhe futhi alindele ukuwina naye emibukisweni, khona-ke inja idinga ukunaka kakhulu. Ukuhamba nsuku zonke emoyeni omusha (kufika ku-2 km), ukuzilolonga ngokucophelela, ukunakekela izilenge, amehlo, izindlebe, izindonga zesikhumba - ikakhulukazi ebusweni, kuyadingeka. Ukuqeqeshwa kwenja kuyadingeka. AmaBulldogs afunda imiyalo emisha hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa ngokwethembekile. Kuyadingeka ukujwayela i-bulldog ibe ngumsindo nesixuku esikhulu sabantu nezinja ukuze singadideki embukisweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukumhambisa njalo ezindaweni ezixakeke kakhulu eduze. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi i-bulldog ikwazi ukuhamba ngomoya ophansi futhi ngokulinganayo ihambisane eduze ne-leash, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ubani okuholelayo - umnikazi noma umuntu wangaphandle. Emibukisweni, ama-bulldogs ancintisana ngaphandle nangokulalela, awanikezwa umthwalo wemisebenzi. : 271-274

Kodwa-ke, ukugcinwa kwe-bulldogs kunezimpawu zayo futhi kudinga umthwalo omkhulu wemfanelo. Ubunzima obukhulu ekunakekeleni nasekuzaliseni ama-bulldogs ubungozi bawo. Kuyenzeka ukuthi imidlwane iqala ukuhlushwa ukugcwala ngokweqile kungakapheli ihora izelwe. Kulokhu, zibekwa ethawula lamanzi elibandayo, ngemuva kokuqiniseka ukuthi akukho okubhaliwe. Imidlwane emidadlana (kusuka amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ubudala) ingabeka isitsha sama-ice cubes ebhokisini ukuze imveku ingene kuyo noma ikhishwe kuyo uma kunesidingo. : 275 Lapho uhambisa inja, ikakhulukazi ehlobo ngemoto, udinga ukuthatha amaphakethe eqhwa kanye nawe, ukuze ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokushiswa ngokweqile kufanele aboshelwe nge-bulldog. Ngaphezulu kuka-30 ° C, inja kufanele igcinwe egumbini elingaphansi elibandayo noma egumbini elinomoya. Ngezimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukuhlanza noma ukuhlanza umphimbo wenja ekuqongeleleni ukuthutha ngesikhathi. Uma kunezimpawu zokushiswa ukushisa (ukufiphala, ukushaqeka), udinga ukuxhumana ngokushesha nodokotela wezilwane, ukwelashwa okuphathelene nokushaqeka kuphela kuyingozi enkulu, inja ingafa. : 276

Ngenxa yobungako besimo semvelo sama-bulldogs, ukulethwa kwezinsikazi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi. Iningi lama-bitigree bitches athola isigaba se-Caesarean. : 303 Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngisho nasezimweni lapho ukulindeleka ngesikhathi sokubeletha kungalindelwe, ukuze ungazifaki engcupheni imidlwane nonina. Umfuyi onolwazi kakhulu angazizalela yena, futhi kuphela uma lokhu kungazalwa okokuqala, futhi zonke izici zekhosi yabo azi kahle kuye. Kepha noma kunjalo, ngemuva kokuzalwa ngempumelelo, inja kumele ikhonjiswe kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukholelwa ukuthi i-bitch enenzondo ngokwayo inaka kakhulu imidlwane yayo. : 297

Ukondla imidlwane kungaba yinkinga enkulu uma umama wabo engenalo ubisi olwanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imidlwane ingondliwa ngophondo, ibhodlela lokudlala, isirinji ene-nipple on, noma ishubhu (catheter, probe). Umlimi owaziwayo wohlobo lweMelika nomlobi wezincwadi zakudala ezikhuluma ngama-bulldogs uBailey S. Haines uncoma ukondla imidlwane ngendlela "yokucwiliswa", lapho imidlwane ifakwa nje esitsheni nge-porridge ye-oatmeal ebisini. Kulokhu, udinga ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi umdlwane ungaminyanisi iphalishi. Izinso zisheshe ziqonde ukuthi yini edingekayo kuzo, bese ziqala ukumunca iphalishi, ziqale ukucwilisa ubuso bazo kulo nokwenza ukunyakaza kokuncela, khona-ke zifunde ukukhotha. Ngemuva kokondla, imveku inikezwa ukulunywa, bese iyikhotha. Le ndlela ilusizo ikakhulukazi lapho kunezingane eziningi kudoti, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuzondla ngazinye. : 311-317

Ngokuvamile, ama-bulldogs esiNgisi ancike kakhulu kubantu kunezinye izinja. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sabo, bona, ngokwesibonelo, abakwazi ngisho ukuzikraza, badinga ukugcotshwa njalo. Ochwepheshe baqhathanisa okuqukethwe kwe-bulldog nokuqukethwe kwengane, okuncike ngokuphelele kubazali babo.

Ukubaluleka kokuzalela emlandweni wokwenziwa ngezinja nokugxekwa kwawo

Ukubaluleka kwe-bulldog yesiNgisi yokwalusa izinja kunzima ukuqiniseka ngokweqile. Igazi lakhe ligobhoza emithanjeni yezinye izinkomo: isiFulentshi, iMelika kanye nenqwaba yezinhlobo zezwe ezingaziwa yiFiI. Phakathi kwenzalo ye-bulldog kukhona enye i-molossian eyaziwayo - isibhakela saseJalimane, esazalelwa eMunich engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19.

Indawo ekhethekile emlandweni wohlobo lokuzalwa ihlalwa yimizamo yokuwela ama-bulldogs nama-terriers ukuze uthole izinja ezihlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zombili. : 47 Izinkabi zokuqala-ezishubile ezathola udumo emidlalweni yegazi, zavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX. Ukugxila kwabo kwakukulwela umhlambi wamagundane ngejubane (ukuphindaphindeka), ukugoqa amabheji (“ebhokisini” kanye no- “mahhala”) nokulwa kwenja, lapho bekungalingani khona inkunzi nezinceku. : 39 Noma kunjalo, zonke lezi zinja zazinamandla amakhulu ngobukhulu nangaphandle; kwakungeyona into ezalwayo ngomqondo wesimanje wegama, kodwa kunalokho uhlobo lwezinja ezilwayo.Lesi sivumelwano senziwe nguJames Hinks waseBirmingham, lapho ethula khona ngonyaka we-1862 wakhipha i-white inkunzi terrier. Ukuzalela lokhu kwatholakala ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yokulinga kokuzalela, lapho, ngaphezu kwe-Bulldog yesiNgisi neWhite English Terrier, iDalmatia yahlanganyela. Imininingwane yangaphandle ye-inkunzi-ne-terrier, okuyi-English Staffordshire Bull Terrier namuhla ethathwa njengeyinzalo eqondile, iguquliwe: okokuqala, ngenxa yokwandiswa kwesihlakala nomzimba, kanye nokususwa kwemikhawulo yesikhumba. ENgilandi, i-bull terrier yasheshe yaba yimfashini futhi ayizange iphansi ngokuthandwa yi-bulldog. Esinye isibonelo sokuhlukaniswa ngempumelelo kwe-bulldog ne-terrier yi-American Boston Terrier, eyavela ngasikhathi sinye ne-inkunzi terrier.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja ezivela eqenjini okuthiwa yi-pit inkunzi ziyinzalo ye-English Bulldog. Ngaphezu kwe-English Staffordshire Bull Terrier, kuyisiko ukufaka i-American Staffordshire Terrier kanye neAmerican Pit Bull Terrier, ezinobudlelwano obude nobudlelwano nobudlelwano neqembu. : 138

Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zinhlobo zezinja ezithandwayo zihola umlando wazo kusukela ezinkulisa zama-Old English zaphakathi nawo-19, noma kusuka kubameleleli bohlobo olusele sezibhalisiwe, noma kusuka kumfuyi osezingeni eliphakathi nazo zivela emuva kunogogo wase-Old English, njengoba kwenzeka ngemihlambi yaseMelika. Cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokubhaliswa kokuzalela, abafuyi (abalimi) baqondisa yonke imizamo yabo “ngokulinya” izici zayo zokuziphatha ezichazwe kuleveli. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elilandelayo, umdlwenguli waseNgilandi wayehluke kakhulu kubamele ababezalaniswa maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Noma ngokomthetho bekuhambisana nezinhlinzeko zekhwalithi, ukuqhathanisa izithombe zama-bulldogs alezi zindawo ezimbili kushiya kungangabazeki: lezi izinja ezimbili ezahlukene. Ukusuka kuzalo "olusebenzayo", i-bulldog yaphenduka into yokuhlobisa. : 139

Konke lokhu kudale ukugxekwa kohlobo phakathi kwezithandwa eziningi zezinja. Kwavela ukuthi impi enkulu yangaphambilini ye-bulldog yayisetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza inja ehluke ngokuphelele. I-bulldog ebuyekeziwe isibe yinja, ehlonishwayo nenja yabanikazi abadumile. Ukugxekwa kohlobo lokuzalwa kuvela ikakhulukazi kuma-amateurs afuna ukubona inja yangaphambili yokulanda ku-bulldog. Bathi ama-bulldogs aba yizisulu zokuzalela, ukuthi ukushiyeka kwabo akujwayelekile kunoma iyiphi inja, futhi ngenxa yokuthi iningi lama-bulldogs lizalwa ngesigaba seKhesariya, babona ubufakazi bokuwohloka kwalo mhlambi. Kodwa-ke, iningi labanikazi bama-bulldogs ngokuzikhethela bazikhethela isilwane esihle sokuhlobisa, basithathe kanye nobuthakathaka baso. Ukulungiswa kwalokhu kungqubuzana kungaba ukushintsha igama lohlobo lwanamuhla, ngokwesibonelo, ku- "English bulldog mapambo." Enye indlela okungenani yokubuyisela i-bulldog kwifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. I-FCI ithatha izinyathelo ezithile ukwenza ngcono ukuzalanisa, kepha akukho kubuyekezwa okuyisisekelo kwezidingo zayo. I-bulldog yesiNgisi iyimfashini kakhulu futhi ifuneka ngokufanelekile ngenxa yobunyoninco bayo kanye "nokubekeka", okugxeka kakhulu abantu abathi "caricature". Umsebenzi omkhulu wokwenziwa kwezilwane usuwenziwe ongeke wavele nje. Konke lokhu kunikeza isizathu sokuphikisana ukuthi i-bulldog yesiNgisi ngokuzayo izohlala icishe ifane njengoba injalo manje. : 140-141 Ngaphandle kwalokhu, akukho lutho oluvimbela abathanda ukuqhuba izivivinyo zabo ukubuyisa i-bulldog yesiNgisi esimweni sayo sokuqala sangaphandle nangaphakathi, futhi kwenziwa lokho kuhlolwa. Impumelelo enkulu kulolu daba yafinyelelwa nguDavid Levitt wasePennsylvania. Ngo-1971, uLevt waqala umsebenzi wakhe esebenzisa uhlelo lukaDkt Feshimer wase-Ohio State University, awukhulisa ukuthuthukisa izinkomo.Injongo kaLevtt kwakungukudala inja eyayifana futhi ngokubukeka nempilo kuma-bulldogs amaNgisi wangekhulu le-19, kodwa enomlingisi onokhahlo ongatheni. Kulokhu, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezithwala igazi lezinhlamvu zamaNgisi zangempela zaba yingxenye yephrojekthi le. Lezi zinhlobo yilezi: English Bulldog - 50%, American Bulldog, Bullmastiff neAmerican Pit Bull Terrier - ngesamba sika-50%. Ngemuva kokuphambuka okuningi ngokucophelela, kwenziwa i-Old English Bulldog yesiNgisi. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kubukeka njengama-bulldogs aqoshwe emidwebweni yakudala nasemidwebeni. Kukhona iklabhu yabathandi be-Old English Bulldog - I-Olde English Bulldogge Kennel Club. Uhlobo lokuzalela lincane, cishe alusatshalaliswa ngaphandle kwe-United States futhi alwamukelwa yi-FCI. : 142 Amanye amaphrojekthi afanayo: I-Australia Bulldog, iVictorian Bulldog, iRenaissance Bulldog, uDorset Bulldog, njll. - yaqala kamuva ukuzama kweLevt futhi ayidumile nakancane.

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