Yiziphi izinto ezimbi ezingezona endalweni yethu yomdabu, engenamkhawulo we-Don! Kunamakhulu ekhishwa ukulunywa yimikhaza, futhi isimo siyesabisa kumkhuhlane weCrimea. Kepha imikhaza akuzona zonke izingozi ezisilindele emoyeni. Manje ukubuswa kwamakhreyithi, kuningi kakhulu kwawo - kuningi kakhulu ukuthi kulungile ukumemezela isimo esiphuthumayo.
Ngandlela thile, ngisho nenhloko yesinye sezifunda, lapho abekwa umhlangano kuhulumeni wesifunda ngalesi simo esinzima ngamakhaza, wasakaza izandla zakhe: eyedwa, ngeke ukwazi ukudlula.
Sisebenzisa indlela yokubala elula, bekunokwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi: ukuqeda ngokuphelele imikhaza endaweni ngokugcwaliswa okuphelele kwamabhande amahlathi, amadlelo kanye nemigwaqo yamadolobha namadolobhana, imali izodingeka ngokuhambisana nesabelomali sonyaka semikhakha ethile yesifunda.
Vele, akekho noyedwa ozobeka imali enjengale mikhaza, ngakho-ke sibhekana nayo ngokuqondisisa: izindawo zokudlala, amabala esikole, amakamu, amathuna. Futhi-ke ngesikhathi esingafanele, hhayi kulawo manani hhayi imvamisa efanele, sinika ubuthi uphawu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukube ubesevele uzihlanganisa nje lezi zindawo futhi elindele ukuthi sizomfaka ubuthi. Bese bemfaka ubuthi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu waphinde wakhamba futhi ephuma kumasayithi angomakhelwane. Ngakho-ke zama ukulwa nayo.
Kepha ngemuva kwakho konke, hhayi umkhaza kuphela osezindaweni zethu. Kuneminye imimoya emibi emibi emhlabeni wethu. Yebo, sizokusho lokhu: le nto embi embi ingeyethu kuphela. Kepha uyaziphilisa futhi akasithinti, kuze kube yilapho nathi sihlaselwa.
Esikhathini esingekude kangako ku-steppes yethu kwavela izicabucabu ezincane - i-karakurt. Phambilini, sifunda ngabo kuphela ezincwadini - ukuthi bahlala eCentral Asia kuphela nakwezinye izindawo eCrimea. Kepha ososayensi bathi uma beshaya umoya badonsa amakhulukhulu amakhilomitha kuziphuphu iminyaka eminingi. Manje manje nathi sinayo. Ngenhlanhla, sekufudumele nathi. Kwashisa ehlobo, njengasehlane. Futhi yilokho uKarakurt akudingayo.
IKarakurt inosayizi omaphakathi: owesilisa amasentimitha angu-1-2, owesilisa okungu-4 - 7 millimeter. Umzimba umnyama, owesilisa nowesifazane esiswini babe namabala abomvu, kwesinye isikhathi benomngcele omhlophe ozungeze indawo ngayinye. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi ngokugcwele kwesinye isikhathi baba mnyama ngaphandle kwamabala, benesimo se-sheen.
Isibalo sokulunywa ngabantu kanye nezilwane sikhuphuka ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwabesifazane ngoJuni noJulayi. Izimo ezihle zekhaya yilapho ihlobo elishisayo nekwindla efudumele likhona. Izindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu umhlonyane, udoti, imifula yemifudlana, imigodi yemifudlana, njll.
Ngesikhathi sokulunywa, ubuhlungu obuvutha bume manje buvame kakhulu ukuzwakala, sekuvele imizuzu eyi-15-30 isakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Imvamisa iziguli zikhononda ngobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki esiswini, emuva eliphansi, esifubeni. Ukungezwani okubukhali emisipheni yesisu kuyinto ebonakalayo. Izimpawu zobuthi obujwayelekile zibandakanya ukufiphala komoya, ukufiphala, ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo, isiyezi, ikhanda, ukuthuthumela, ukugabha, i-pallor noma i-hyperemia yobuso, ukujuluka, umuzwa wobunzima esifubeni noma ezifundeni ze-epigastric, exophthalmos ne-mydriasis. I-Priapism, i-bronchospasm, ukugcinwa komchamo nokuwohloka nakho kuyimpawu.
I-serum ekhethekile ye-anti-caracourt isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa; ukuphathwa kwe-novocaine, i-calcium chloride ne-magnesia hydrosulfate nakho kunikeza imiphumela emihle. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isicabucabu sikulume enkundleni, kuyadingeka ngokushesha ukuphathwa kwendawo elunywe inhloko yomlilo ovutha amalangabi, kodwa akudingeki ukuba kudlule imizuzu emibili ukuluma. Ukusuka ekushiseni, ubuthi obungenasikhathi sokumunca buyabhujiswa, ngoba isicabucabu siluma isikhumba nge-chelicera yaso ukuya kumamitha ayi-0,5 kuphela. Kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa.
Ukuze ikarakurt ingangeni embhedeni wezivakashi onqume ukulala ubusuku e-steppe, kusetshenziswa i-canopy, yelulwe kahle futhi ifakwe ngaphansi kwemiphetho yombhede.
Izinkomo zithinteka kakhulu ukulunywa yi-karakurt, amakamela namahhashi, esivame ukufa, zithinta kakhulu.
Eminyakeni yokuzalwa kabusha kwalesi spider, kube nokulahleka okukhulu kwemfuyo ngaphezu kwesisodwa futhi ukuphathwa kwezilwane kulahlekelwe kakhulu. Manje ezindaweni ezizalela ikarakurt ibhujiswa ngokufafaza inhlabathi nge-hexachloran nezinye ubuthi.
Esinye isicabucabu se-steppe yethu yi-tarantula yaseNingizimu Melika. Sizobukeka sikhulu futhi sibi kakhulu kune-karakurt: usayizi wesicabucabu, njengomthetho, ngamasentimitha angu-2,5-3,5. Isidumbu simbozwe izinwele. Umbala ubomvu onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi ucishe ube mnyama. Lapho isicabucabu silungiselela ukuhlasela, siba esimweni esikhethekile esimangazayo. Ugxumela phambili ufike kuhafu wemitha.
I-tarantula inobuthi, kuyaqabukela ilume umuntu, kepha izinhlungu zokulimala ziqhathaniswa nophondo. Ukuluma kubangela ukuvuvukala kwendawo nobuhlungu obukhulu. Indawo yokuluma kufanele ishiswe ngokushesha ngomdlalo. Ukulunywa kwesicabucabu akujulile, ubuthi bufakwa esikhunjeni. Lapho i-cauterized, ukubola okunobuthi okwenzeka ubuthi kwenzeka. Le ndlela isabalele eCentral Asia futhi isetshenziselwa ukuluma zonke izicabucabu ezinobuthi.
Mayelana namacala abulalayo avela ukulunywa yi-tarantula akaziwa ngokuthembekile, kodwa ezinganeni imiphumela iba nzima kakhulu, amanxeba kungenzeka angapholi izinsuku ezingama-2-3.
Indawo yokuluma kufanele igezwe futhi iboshwe. Imvamisa olunye uhlobo lokwelapha aludingeki.
Izazi zemishanguzo zithi sebeyibonile i-phalanx endaweni yakithi. Ama-phalanges, noma ama-saltpugs, noma ama-bichors, noma isicabucabu samakamela, ahlala ezindaweni eziyindlala. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-1000 ziyaziwa. Ama-phalanges angama-arachnids amakhulu. I-Central Asia phalanx, ngokwesibonelo, ifinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angama-5-7. Imizimba nemilenze yabo imbozwe izinwele ezinde.
Ama-phalanges amancane awakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba somuntu, kepha ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukukwenza lokhu. Ukuluma kwePh Phaphosi kubuhlungu kakhulu. Imvamisa zidlula ngaphandle kwemiphumela, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingaba nemiphumela emibi. Iqiniso ngukuthi la ma-arachnid awanawo umunxa onoshevu, kepha izinsalela zomuntu owedlule, ezingangena esilondeni futhi zibangele ukuvuvukala, zivame ukugcinwa ku-chelicerae yazo.
Ukulunywa yisalpuga kubuhlungu kakhulu, kepha hhayi ukubulala. Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthelela isilonda ngokulunywa, kufanele kube negciwane lesifo (iodine, aluhlaza okotshani); kufanele ufune usizo lokwelashwa ukuze usize izinhlungu.
I-Erezus ingesinye isicabucabu se-steppe esinombala ongajwayelekile. Lesi yisicabucabu esihle kakhulu, umbala waso ufana ne-hussar enesibindi: i-cephalothorax imnyama, i-velvet, enemivimbo ebomvu ezinhlangothini zayo, isisu sibomvu, sinezindawo ezine ezimnyama emphethweni omhlophe, imilenze imnyama ngemivimbo emhlophe. Kepha owesilisa kuphela ogqoke kahle, ingubo yensikazi inesizotha kakhulu - onke amnyama velvety. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-eresus ngamasentimitha ayi-1.5.
U-Erezus uhlala emiseleni, ondla ikakhulu kwizimbungulu. E-Russia, ama-erezus akuvamile, ahlala emaqeleni aseningizimu. Isilinganiso sabantu sabantu esilingana 3 kuya ku 4 abantu ngamunye ngamamitha skwele ayi 100. Ikakhulu i-erezus enjengendawo enezintaba, egcwele amakhambi kanye nezihlahla ezincane. Lapha, njengomthetho, ohlangothini oluseningizimu lwegquma bamba iminki engabanzi mpo ngokujula kwamasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa. Ama-Erezus anobuthi, ukulunywa kwawo kubuhlungu kakhulu. Isicabucabu siyaluma ngokusebenzisa isikhumba se-chelicera bese silimaza amaconsi enxeba. Esikhundleni sokulunywa, kuzwakala izinhlungu ezisheshayo, ezithathelwa indawo umuzwa wokuqina. Umuzwa ongathandeki uyanyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-6. I-Erezus akuyona ingozi empilweni yomuntu.
Esinye isicabucabu esinobuthi yisiphambano. Ngasohlangothini olungaphezulu lwesisu kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe noma ezikhanyayo ezinsundu ezakha isiphambano. Ubukhulu besifazane buvela ku-1.5 kuya ku-2,5 cm, owesilisa ucishe abe amasentimitha ayi-1.
Ubuthi beziphambano bunobuthi kuma-invertebrates nakuma-vertebrates. Ubuthi buqukethe i-thermolabile hemolysin, esebenza kuma-erythrocyte womvundla, amagundane, igundane nomuntu, ngenkathi ama-erythrocyte engulube yegiya, ihhashi, imvu nenja amelana nayo.
Ebantwini, lesi sicabucabu kwesinye isikhathi asiyingozi. Kungadala ukushiswa okukhulu, izicubu ze-necrosis lapho kukhona khona komzimba. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuluma kubuhlungu kakhulu. Ngokweminye imibiko, ukulunywa kwesiphambano esikhulu akukubi njengokugwazwa kwesibabule.
Kepha ngaphandle kwezicabucabu, izinyoka nazo zitholakala emaqeleni ethu, futhi zinobuthi.
I-steppe viper luhlobo lwezinyoka ezinobuthi ezihlala eYurophu nase-Asia, kubandakanya neRussia, esifundeni saseRostov.
Ngemuva kokuba ubusika buvele ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ubuthi. Ubuthi beHemolytic (buthinta igazi nezitho ezakha igazi). Ukulunywa kuyingozi enkulu ezilwaneni ezifuywayo nakubantu. Izilwane ezibunjiwe ziyafa ngenxa yokuqunjelwa kwegazi kanye nokumpunga okuningi kwezitho zangaphakathi.
Ukulunywa yizinyoka ezijwayelekile kanye ne-steppe kuba yingozi ethile, kepha ngokuvamile akuyona ingozi ebulalayo empilweni yomuntu. Emlandweni, kubhalwe icala elilodwa kuphela lokufa komuntu ngokulunywa yinyoka. KwakunguPrince Oleg, owemukele ukufa "esehhashi lakhe."
Ukulunywa yinyoka kubuhlungu, kepha iningi lezisulu liyalulama ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, noma lingalashwa. Izinkinga ngemuva kokulunywa, kwesinye isikhathi amasonto ahlala njalo, zibangelwa izindlela ezingafanele, eziyingozi zokwelapha. Ubuhlungu obuvuthayo obuqinile buzwakala endaweni yokulunywa, i-hemorrhagic edema iyaqhakaza, isabalale ngalé kwesilonda. Esizeni se-edema, zingakheka izindawo ze-necrotic. Isisulu sizizwa sinesiyezi, sibuthakathaka, sinenhloni, futhi uye wandisa ama-lymph node. Ngokulashwa okufanele, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, izimpawu ezibuhlungu ziyanyamalala, isimila siyaphela, futhi umuntu uzizwe anelisekile.
Kunconywa izindlela ezithile zosizo lokuqala (zosizo lokuqala) zalowo ohlukunyezwa ukulunywa yizinyoka. Okokuqala, uma inyoka ikulume, akufanele unovalo. Masinyane ngemuva kokulunywa, kubalulekile ukuthi ukhiphe ubuthi kanye negazi ngokuqinile ngomlomo bese ulukhipha. Lokhu kungenziwa yisisulu yena uqobo nabanye abantu. Ukumunwa kwetyhefu yisilinganiso esisebenza kahle lapho silunywa yi-steppe noma inyoka ejwayelekile, ngoba amazinyo alezi zinhlobo mancane, isihlungu singena sijule ezicutshini: emizuzwini emihlanu yokuqala ngemuva kokulunywa, ngaphezu kwesigamu sobuthi bungasuswa ngale ndlela. Uma kungekho monakalo emgodini womuntu, khona-ke inqubo yokumunca iphephe ngokuphelele kuye. Ubuhlungu benyoka, ukungena emgodini womlomo ngisho nasephathini yesisu, akuwuthinti umzimba, ngoba uhlukaniswa amathe nejusi lesisu.
Kodwa-ke, uma kunomonakalo emgodini womlomo, ama-microcracks wezindebe, amazinyo e-carious, le ndlela ngeke isetshenziswe kunoma yisiphi isimo: ukumuncwa kobuthi ngegazi kushesha. Kulokhu, kungcono ukushesha isilonda ngekhanda lomdlalo ovuthayo. Udinga ukwenza lokhu ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka: ngemuva kwemizuzu emihlanu, i-cauterization isizovele ingasebenzi.
Okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukunikeza isiguli ukuthula (ilele emthunzini) futhi siyinike isiphuzo esiningi (itiye, ikofi). Akunconyelwe ukunikeza iziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala, ezingakhulisa izimpawu ezibuhlungu.
Okwesithathu, akunasici uma kufanele usebenzise amahhanisi nokudonswa kwengubo emilenzeni eyonakalisiwe. Awukwazi ukusilonda isilonda nge-potassium permanganate, wenze ukusikeka endaweni yokulunywa, futhi unqume kakhulu iminwe. Lokhu kungadala ukopha kakhulu kanye ne-sepsis, imiphumela yako ingaba mibi kakhulu kunokuvela kokulunywa uqobo.
Okwesine, ukuze unciphise ukubonakaliswa komzimba, udinga ukunika isisulu amaphilisi ama-2-3 e-diphenhydramine, suprastin, noma elinye i-antihistamine. Imiphumela emihle ayitholakali ngokuphuza amaphilisi, kepha ngomjovo we-1-2 ml weTavegil, ofakwa ngokungabonakali endaweni eseduze yokuluma (isilonda sinqunywe ezindaweni eziningana ngamanani amancane). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuvikela ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, umjovo ongama-2-3 ml we-Dexazone noma we-Dexamethasone nawo unganconywa. Ngemuva kosizo lokuqala, ohlukunyeziwe kumele ayiswe esibhedlela.
Kukhona nezinyoka ku-Don steppe. Azinangozi kubantu. Futhi hhayi ngoba zingenazo ubuthi - ngokungafani nezinyoka ezinobuthi, amazinyo wezinyoka “ezisebenzayo” ajulile futhi awatholakali ukuluma.
Okwamanje kuvamile ukuba namabala esikhashana e-orange-aphuzi okwesikhashana. Izinyoka zamanzi azinazo izindawo ezinjengalezi, kepha kufanele futhi ungazesabi. Umbala wayo, njengomthetho, ungumnqumo onamabala amnyama ahlelwe ngephethini yokuhlola. Ngesinye isikhathi kukhona ama-olive ase-monophonic noma ngisho nabantu abamnyama.
Ama-Vipers afana kakhulu nezinyoka, kepha, ngokungafani nawo, amabala amnyama, hhayi aqanjiwe kakhulu ahlobisa izinhlangothi ze-steppe viper. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, izinyoka zesifunda saseRostov, kufaka phakathi izinyoka zasogqinsi, azihlaselwa kuqala. Ziluma kuphela ukuzivikela.
Futhi esifundeni saseRostov kukhona amabala aphuzi. Ukhetha i-steppe eyomile, izihlahla, ukuze uhlangane naye noma kuphi. Le nyoka ayinabuthi, kepha inolaka olukhulu kakhulu. Uhamba ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha ucasha emathangeni noma kwizimbobo zabanye abantu. Uma lowo onobuhloka ophuzi engenaso isikhathi sokucasha, khona-ke uphuthuma kulowo omxoshayo futhi angakuluma ngobuhlungu, aze athuke. Izinyoka ezinombala ophuzi zikhula zibe ngamamitha amabili, kepha izinhlobo ezinjalo ezinkulu azitholakali esifundeni saseRostov namuhla. Isisu esiphuzi sathola igama laso ngenxa yesisu esikhanyayo sewolintshi noma isisu ophuzi. Njengazo zonke izinyoka esifundeni saseRostov, amabhloka aphuzi agwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi.
Ngokuvamile, izinyoka zesifunda saseRostov zingadali ubuthi ngokuphelele, noma ubuthi bazo abubulalanga. Kodwa-ke, uma ukungcola kungena ekulimeni, ukululama kungathatha isikhathi eside.
Lapha, mhlawumbe, wonke "ama-bastards" aphambili wesinyathelo sethu. Imvelo yethu ihluka futhi ihluke kanjani! Inezinto eziningi ezimnandi futhi ezifiselekayo izingozi eziningi kubantu. Futhi-ke - zinakekele!
Izinyoka ezinobuthi
Ezinye izirhubuluzi zihlala kuphela e-steppe / ehlathini-steppe, kanti ezinye zitholakala esifundeni saseRostov. Izinyoka ezinobuthi zimelelwa yizinhlobo ezi-4, ubuthi bazo obuyingozi kubantu nasemfuyo. Ukuphela kwento okudingeka uyazi ukuthi inyoka ngeke ihlasele kuqala uma ungayiphazamisi (ngokungena ngephutha kuyo noma uyihlome ngenduku).
ISteppe viper
Inyoka yasemini ekhetha izikhala ezivulekile - ama-steppes kanye nama-semi-desert esifundeni seRostov. Amanani amakhulu kakhulu aqoshwa esifundeni eseningizimu, empumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga.
I-steppe viper ayide kakhulu, ikhula ngokwesilinganiso ifinyelela kuma-61-63 cm, lapho ama-55 cm ewela emzimbeni wesitoko, kanti okusele emsileni omfushane. Izici zomlingiswa zingabafundi abancanyana (mpo ikholomu) abafundi, ikhanda elimise okwenziwe isigaxa kanye nokufakwa umbala wesihlabathi ophuzi kanye nephethini ye-zigzag eceleni komugqa. AmaMelanests (abantu abamnyama) ngaphansi kweRostov azalwa kakhulu kakhulu.
Izikhathi ezithile, ngenxa yokulunywa yinyoka eseqamelweni, amahhashi nezinkomo ezincane emadlelweni ziyafa. Umphumela obulalayo awunakulindeleka kumuntu, ngaphandle kokuthi ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic kwenzeke, futhi usizo alufiki ngesikhathi.
I-steppe viper, yize inobuthi, iyesabeka. Emhlanganweni, uphindisela ngokushesha, futhi ahlasele ngamandla uma indlela yokubuyela emuva inqanyuliwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, ubuthi benyoka bubangela isiyezi, ukuphefumula, ubuthakathaka obukhona, ukubanda, ukuvuvukala, kanye nama-hematomas / amabhulukwe endaweni yokuwaluma. Umzimba ophilile ubhekana nokudakwa ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yokusebenza ngamandla kwabantu, inani lomhlaba we-steppe viper belilokhu lincipha: I-Russia ayiveli, lapho izinhlobo zezilwane nazo zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ubuthi be-steppe viper bamiswa, futhi uqobo lwathathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-The Bern Convention (Convention for the Protection of Fauna / Flora and Natural Habitats in Europe).
Izinyoka ezivamile
Uhla lwesifunda lwalezi zinhlobo “lumboza” ikakhulukazi izifunda ezisenyakatho nezasentshonalanga zesifunda saseRostov, kodwa-ke, ukubonwa ngakunye kuyenzeka ezifundeni eziphakathi.
Isidalwa esiphakathi sikhulu ngosayizi.Izinyoka zamamitha zitholakala enyakatho yobubanzi bomhlaba (ngokwesibonelo, eScandinavia), izinyoka ezincane zihlala kumaDon steppes (afinyelela ku-65 cm). Inyoka inomzimba omningi, umsila omfishane nekhanda likanxantathu okwahlukaniswa ngentamo.
Umbala womzimba uhluka futhi ungaba mpunga, ompunga, onsundu futhi obomvana ngothinti wethusi. Izithonjana ezimnyama zokuthambisa zitholakala lapha nalaphaya.
Leli nyoka libuye ligijime ngemuva kwephethini ye-zigzag, ligoqa ekhanda ngohlamvu u- "X", kanti isiphuzo somsila sivame ukudwetshwa ngombala obomvu, owolintshi noma ophuzi.
Ubuhlungu benyoka ejwayelekile bucasula ukushisa okukhulu kanye nokubonakala kwezindawo ezinobuthi eduze ne ndawo yokuluma, ngakho-ke amandla omonakalo wobuthi anqunywa ngokusondela kokuluma ekhanda. Izimpawu ezejwayelekile zingubuthakathaka obukhulu, isiyezi, nokubanda. Ukulunywa yinyoka evamile akuvamile ukubulala: kuphela ngomqondo we-toxin.
Viper Nikolsky
Akuwona wonke ama-herpetologists awubheka njengohlobo oluzimele, alubiza ngokuthi izingxenyana zenyoka ejwayelekile. Yize kufana nokuqothuka, inyoka ye-Nikolsky ine-morphology ezimele, ehlukile kwezinye izinyoka hhayi ngombala wayo omnyama oqinile, kepha futhi nakwezimpawu zesakhiwo sezikali ne-cornea yeso - lo mfundi ubonakala kangako, njengoba ezungezwe iris emnyama.
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zabantu abadala zikhula zibe ngama-85 cm ubude ngomzimba osindayo futhi ominyene, omfushane ocishe ufane nomzimba.
Kuyathakazelisa. Izinyoka ezincane zilula ukwedlula abantu abadala futhi zipendwe ngombala onsundu ngombala onsundu ngokugibela: ngonyaka we-3 wokuphila, izikali ziya mnyama futhi iphethini liyanyamalala.
Inyoka eyesabeka kakhulu esifundeni saseRostov ihlala enyakatho, entshonalanga nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yesifunda saseRostov, ikhetha, njengomthetho, ukuphuma kwamahlathi ase-gully (ngokuvamile abanzi kakhulu) agawulwa imifula nemifula.
Ukudla kwe-viper Nikolsky kufaka:
- izihlwathi
- izinduku ezincane
- amasele
- izinyoni zidla phansi emhlabathini
- amaqanda namachwane abo.
Izinyoka ezincane zidla izinyosi ezincane, amasele ansundu, ugalikhi, inhlanzi futhi zingakugwebi ukutholwa. Emhlabeni, izinyoka ze-Nikolsky zidonsa kancane, kepha zibhukuda ngokushesha kunezinye izinyoka ze- "Rostov".
Ubuthi be-viper Nikolsky buhlukaniswa njengeyingozi impela ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngokubulala kakhulu kwe-cardiotoxins kuyo (ukuphazamisa umsebenzi wemisipha yenhliziyo), kuhlanganiswe nezibi ze-hemorrhagic. Ngemuva kokulunywa, ukubonwa kanye nokugobeka kuyaphawulwa, kwezinye izikhathi, kufikelwa amandla nokudangala. Ayikhishwa (ikakhulukazi kwabaphethwe yi-allergy) nokufa.
Manje i-Vipera nikolskii ivikelwe eKhopersky Reserve.
Isiphuzo esivamile
Ungumbhedukazana wePallas - izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zozalo lohlobo, ekhetha ugwadule olunesihlahla kanye nama-steppes. Ihlala ezindaweni zasendaweni, ezomile futhi ezishisa kunazo zonke esifundeni saseRostov: is mpumalanga eseningizimu ne-Salsk.
Inyoka le ibonwa umhlane wayo onsundu noma onsundu, ibenezindawo ezimnyama ezinwebekile. Amabala amancane abonwa ezinhlangothini, kanye nasekhanda, ezinhlangothini lapho kukhona ulayini omnyama we-postorbital. Phakathi kwabamele izinhlobo, abantu abamnyama nezitini abomvu akujwayelekile.
Kuyathakazelisa. AbakwaShchitomordniki bathola igama labo elejwayelekile ngenxa yemikhawulo eyandisiwe (ukukhula kwamathambo) ekhanda.
Le inyoka yomgodi, ngisho nasebumnyameni obuphansi, ingabuzwa ubukhona bezilwane ezinegazi elifudumele. Izilwane ezihlanzekile ziba inyamazane yezinambuzane ezincane. Ukudla kwezinyoka ezindala kuqukethe ama-vertebrates amancane:
- ama-steppe rodices
- izihlwathi
- izibankwa nezinyoka
- izinyoni ezincane / amaphuphu,
- amaqanda ezinyoni.
Ukuluma okulimaza kabuhlungu kubuhlungu kubantu, kepha kubulala kakhulu amahhashi nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Inyoka ihlasela umuntu uma usongo luvela kuye, okuthi (uma kungekho usizo ngesikhathi) olungadala ukukhubazeka kohlelo lokuphefumula. Ngemuva kwehora ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yinyoka, ukukhishwa inyumbazane kanye nokuqothuka, kanye ne-hematomas, ukuphuma kwesibindi nokuvuvukala endaweni yokuluma, okuholele ekutheni i-izic necrosis ibonakale.
Inyoka emfushane
Ungowomndeni wama-biotopes ahlukile futhi avumelaniswe nobomi ngokuhlukahluka kwe-biotopes - izitebhisi, izikebhe, izigodi zomfula, emaphethelweni omugodi, emasimini kasawoti, emasimini erayisi, ezintabeni, emahlathini e-juniper, emihlangeni, ezintabeni kanye nasehlathini elihlangene futhi elixubile.
Kwakuyinyoka lena engenacala futhi engenabungozi lapho abantu bendawo beyibiza ngokuthi "chess sner", iqothula kanzima kangangokuba inyoka eyakhiwe yangena kwiBhuku elibomvu leRussian Federation.
Abagijimi abadala bakhula babe ngamamitha owodwa nesigamu futhi babonakala ngemibala eguquguqukayo ngokweqile kusuka ku-brownish-grey kuya ku-brown and black (in melancts). Kukhona imichilo emi-4 ehlukanayo eceleni kwegede, amabili awo aya emsileni. Engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda, kuvela amabala amnyama amnyama, kanti umucu wesikhashana welulwa ngamehlo (ngomfundi oyindilinga).
Inyoka emfekethisiwe igibela izihlahla, amadwala nangaphansi, ibhukuda ngokuphelele futhi iwele. Imvamisa kufihlwa ezitolo ezingaphansi kwezimpande, izimbobo ezindala namatshe okumba.
Imenyu yenyoka eyenziwe ngamaphethini ifaka phakathi:
- izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane
- izinyoni, amaphuphu abo / amaqanda,
- ama-amphibians
- izinyoka eziphakathi nendawo
- inhlanzi,
- izinambuzane.
Izitha zenyoka zemvelo izinyamazana zomhlaba futhi ezinamahlwili anombala, ikakhulukazi, ukhozi lwe-steppe, futhi muva nje, abantu, yize inyoka ngokwayo izama ukungangeni ngendlela yayo.
Inyoka emane ehamba ngomgwaqo
Enye yasekuqaleni, ehlala ukufuthelana kahle, kepha ifakwe ama-biotopes anemiswakama ephezulu kakhulu. Esifundeni saseRostov, inyoka enezindlela ezine ikhetha ama-bayrach kanye namahlathi anezikhukhula, izindawo ezinamanzi emifula, izindawo ezinamatshe anesihlabathi, indawo enamatshe aminyeneyo (amadwala agcwele izihlahla). Ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela kusetshenziswa imisele emadwaleni, emigodini naseziseleni, nakuwo imifantu ejulile emhlabathini.
Umugqa omine kukhulu kunenyoka ephekiwe: ngobude obulinganiselwa ku-1.5 m, amasampula angaphezu kwamamitha amabili nawo ayatholakala.
Le inyoka emfishane enekhanda elincane elimise okwamadayimane kanye nokuqanjwa kwentamo okubuthakathaka. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezi-subspecies zenyoka ekhuphuka ngemikhondo emine (ezi-2 zazo azitholakali eRussia), ezihlukaniswe komunye nomunye ngokungaphandle nokuziphatha kwabo.
Okuthandwa yi-gastronomic kungagcini kumagundane: inyoka isebenzisa okokuqasha abasha, izinyoni kanye namanxiwa izidleke zezinyoni. Izinyoka ezikhulayo zivame ukudla izibungu. Inyoka ayigcini nje ngokudonsela kalula iziqu, kodwa futhi ngaphandle kwengxabano isakazeka isuka kwelinye igatsha iye kwelinye, uma ihlukaniswa ngu-0.5-0.6 m.
Izitha zenyoka zemvelo yizimpungushe, izikebhe nezinyoni zezinyamazane. Ngemuva kokubona umuntu, inyoka izama ukucasha otshanini obukhulu, kepha lokhu akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uvame ukwenza iphutha njenge-adder futhi abulawe, yingakho inyoka ekhuphuka ngomgwaqo emane yafika ekhasini leNcwadi ebomvu yeRussian Federation.
ICaspian, noma inyoka enombala ophuzi
Wathola isihloko esihlonishwayo senyoka enkulu kunazo zonke hhayi esifundeni saseRostov, kodwa naseYurophu iyonke, njengoba abantu ngabanye abavuthiwe ngokobulili bekhula babe ngamamitha ayi-2,5.
Umhlali we-biotopes eyomile (evulekile / eyivulekile) - i-semi -hlane, i-steppe, amadwala amatshe, imifula yemifula, amabhande amahlathi, izihlahlana, imithambeka yemigodi nemifudlana. Alunamahloni ukusuka emasimini atshaliwe - izihlahla zezithelo nezivini, uthango lwamatshe, izakhiwo ezilahliwe kanye nama-haystacks. Ukungena ngomgwaqo, imvamisa ifela ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto.
Inyoka yaseCaspian isebenzisa konke okukhamba kungena umphimbo wayo. Umdlalo owuthandayo - izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinyoni. Inyoka eningi ibhubhisa amagundane namagundane, ngezikhathi ezithile iluma ama-gophers nama-raccoon.
Inyoka enombala ophuzi iginya imfuyo encane iphila, kuyilapho enkulu icindezelwa phansi, icindezelwa yisisindo somzimba wayo.
Inyoka ayifani neze ne-adder, kepha ngokungafani nalesi simo ihlala ihlupheka ezandleni zokuhlaselwa ngamamitha, yingakho ibalwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezisengozini eRussia.
Kuliqiniso, lezi zamuva zitholakala enyokeni enkulu, okuthi (ngokungafani neqhamane elifanayo) ayithandi ukubalekela, kepha ithanda ukuzivikela ngokuhlaselwa ngolaka. Ibona inhloso embi yesitha, inyoka igoqela ebholeni, ngephutha iphonsa isidumbu phezulu ukuze ilume ebusweni noma entanyeni. Kuliqiniso, inyoka ayinobuthi, ngakho konke engayenza kungalimaza isikhumba.
I -fishfish ejwayelekile
Itholakala esifundeni iRostov cishe yonke indawo. Njengenyoka, ingeyamalungu omndeni ofanayo, kepha ibhekwa njengobuthi, ngoba ubuthi bayo busebenza ezilwaneni ezincane nasezinambuzaneni.
Ezinyoka eziningi zaseYurophu, isigaxa sihlukaniswa umucu omude omnyama owela iso nesidwedwe esiyindilinga (njengazo zonke izidalwa ezingenabuthi ezinobuthi). Amazinyo akhula ajule ngaphakathi, sibonga lapho ohlukunyezwa ethola umthamo omncane wobuthi. Ama-Copper abantu abadala awahlali isikhathi eside kune-60-70 cm futhi imvamisa ahlala embozwe ngemigqa eminingana yezindawo ezishintshashintshayo (eziphinyiselwe ngokwengeziwe entanyeni), imvamisa ihlangana ibe yimivimbo engalingani. I-nape ibuye ihlotshiswe ngebala / imivimbo.
Kubalulekile. Amakhophi ayependiwe ngemibala ehlukene - grey, brownish-aphuzi, wonke ama-brown ansundu futhi abomvu ngokubomvu. Kuzalwa abantu abamnyama impela, kuya phansi kube mnyama (nge-melanism).
Isigaxa sidla izinambuzane, ukukhula kwenyoka okusha, izibankwa namagundane amancane. Uhla lwenhlobo ebelivele lubanzi, seluvele lwabonakala njengobuthakathaka, lincipha ngokushesha, ngenxa yezici ze-anthropogenic - ukulima kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuwa kwezihlahla nezinye.
Amanzi vele
Isebenzisa isifunda saseRostov (ikakhulukazi iDonzikhukazi), uhlobo olunamathela ezindongeni zemvelo. Akunzima ukuyihlukanisa kusuka kumnenke ojwayelekile ngokungabi bikho kwezindawo zesikhashana. Yinyoka enombala womnqumo omhlane wayo ubhidaniswe namabala amnyama, uyahamba ujijekile.
Umbala wenyoka yamanzi nawo yi-monochrome - emnyama noma yomnqumo, ngaphandle kokubala. Inyoka endala ikhula ibe ngu-1-1,3 m, incane kaningi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,6. Amehlo ayindilinga, aqhuma kancane. Esikhathini esiningi sosuku, amanzi asivele ebhukuda, ebamba izinhlanzi kanye nezilwane ezincane.
Okujwayelekile
Mhlawumbe inyoka evame kakhulu esifundeni saseRostov. Kakade, uma engeyona i-melanist, kunzima ukudida nenye inyoka: unikezwa izimpawu ezimbili ezigqamile ngemuva kwezindlebe (ezimhlophe, ziphuzi, orenji noma zipinki). Izinsikazi zikhulu kunabesilisa futhi zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5, ubude obujwayelekile bomuntu bungabi ngaphezu kwemitha. Amahlanga, amasele nezinhlanzi kusebenza njengokudla. Abanye abahlaseli, kufaka phakathi abanemibala, kanye nezingwamza, bayazingela inyoka ngokwayo.
Izenzo lapho kuhlangana nenyoka
Kufanele simyeke ahambe, azokusebenzisa nakanjani. Uma ukuhlaselwa kubangelwe ukungakhathali kwakho (wehla inyoka noma wayicosha ngenduku), thatha noma iyiphi i-antihistamine. Ukugwema ukushaqeka nge-anaphylactic, faka isixazululo se-tavegil (1-2 ml) ngaphansi kwesikhumba, uqhekeze isilonda kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ukuze uthole izimpawu ezinzima, manetha i-intramuscularly dexazone noma i-dexamethasone (2-3 ml), bese uyisa isisulu esibhedlela.
Ukunakwa. Musa ukubunca ubuthi (akunamsebenzi), ungashisi noma unqume isilonda, ukuze ungakhuphi ukufa kwezicubu.
Gcina umlenze ulunywe, uphuze ama-70 g we-vodka / utshwala (yi-vasodilator), futhi uphuze uketshezi oluningi lwe-diuretic (itiye le-herbal, ubhiya, ikhofi), ngoba ubuthi bukhishwa kuphela ezinso.
Izinhlobo ezingezinangozi
Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo azinabungozi kubantu izinyoka ezihlala esifundeni saseRostov:
- Sekujwayelekile.
- Amanzi vele.
- Copper.
- Inyoka enamaphepha amane.
- Inyoka enamabala aphuzi.
- Inyoka emfushane.
Bheka inyoka ngayinye ngemininingwane eminingi.
Sekujwayelekile
Sekujwayelekile - lena inyoka enamahloni kakhulu ayithandi ukuxhumana nomuntu. Inyoka le ivame cishe yonke indawo.
Hhayi ubuthi futhi kuyaqabukela ukuluma. Kodwa-ke, uma wehla intukuthelo noma umesabisa kakhulu, uqala ukumluma futhi aphuthume kulowo muntu. Wenza konke lokhu ukuze akwazi ukubaleka ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi, njengesivikelo, usebenzisa amaqhinga we "sidumbu." Umuntu ojwayelekile sengathi ufile futhi ulele ngokungasho lutho ngomlomo wakhe ovulekile. Uma lokhu kungasizi, uqala ukukhipha i-enzyme engathandeki (efana ne-skunk), ethusa isitha.
Abantu abadala ikakhulu badla izinyamazane ezincane ezinjengamaxoxo, izibankwa noma izinhlanzi ezincane. Iningi lezimpilo zabo bachitha eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Abantu abasha badla kakhulu kuma-tadpoles, ama-slugs kanye nama-earthworms.
Ukuhluma izinyoka kwenzeka cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokucasha, ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Kakade ngoJuni-Julayi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angaba ngu-30 endaweni efudumele. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hay, umquba, njll. Zivame ukuba yile ndawo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, kuzalwa izilwane ezincane. Ubude bomzimba bezelwe abudluli ku-17 cm. Ngokuvamile, izinsikazi zanda kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2.
Njengezinye ezihuquzelayo, izinyoka zithanda ukugcwala elangeni. Benza lokhu ngenhloso yokunyusa izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo. Ngokungafani nezilwane ezincelisayo, ziyizilwane ezinegazi elibandayo.
Amanzi vele
Inyoka enamanzi inyoka engenabuthi yomndeni esevele yahlukile. Uvame ukudidaniswa nenyoka enobuthi, ngoba ngokungafani ne -gengener yakhe, inyoka ejwayelekile, inyoka enamanzi inyoka enolaka.
Kusuka kunyoka ojwayelekile wamanzi uhlukanisa umbala wawo. Amanzi angenazo izindawo eziphuzi noma eziwolintshi ku-nape yekhanda, inyoka ejwayelekile enayo.
Ngombala wayo, imibala elandelayo ilawula:
Kukhona izinyoka ezimnyama ngokuphelele, kepha azijwayelekile.
Le inyoka imbozwe ngamaphethini we-cubic. Uma sithatha igama layo lesi-Latin "tessellata" futhi siliguqulele, "simbozwe ngamabhubesi" Phakathi kwabantu, inyoka yamanzi ibizwa nangokuthi i-chess sner.
Njengomuntu ojwayelekile, uhlala eduze nezidumbu zamanzi futhi uchithe isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwakhe emanzini.
I-Copperfish
I-Fishfishfish evamile inyoka engenabuthi eyeyamalungu omndeni wabantu abanganendaba. Ezikhathini zasendulo, eRussia bekukholelwa ukuthi uma ulunywe ngabalingisi, uzokufa ekushoneni kwelanga. Le nkolelo ihlobene ngqo nombala wenyoka, ocwebezela nge-tint yethusi elangeni. Kepha njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, i-copperfish inyoka engenabo ubuthi, ngakho-ke ukuluma kwayo akunakubangela ukulimala okukhulu emzimbeni womuntu.
Ngokwayo, incane ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba wakhe abudluli kuma-70 cm.I-dimorphism encane yocansi iyabonakala. Abesilisa bancane kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Umsila wabakopishi mfushane kakhulu kunomzimba wenyoka (cishe amahlandla ayi-4-6).
Inyoka enamaphepha amane
Inyoka enamaphepha amane inyoka engenabuthi evela emndenini ofanayo. Ihamba kalula ngokusebenzisa izihlahla kanye nezihlahla, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi inyoka ekhuphukayo. Isebenza ikakhulu phakathi maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba. Kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla kuyasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini, lapho ungahamba khona kancane elangeni. Ehlobo, lapho kunokushisa okukhulu, ucasha ngemisele yemigqa, ngaphansi kwamagatsha, ezihlahleni, ngaphansi kwamatshe, njll.
Idla kakhulu izinyoni nezinyoni (kepha amaqanda amaningi). Ubathola ezidlekeni ezisezihlahleni.
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngaphambili, inyoka emikhondo emine ayibeki ingozi ebantwini.
Inyoka enamabala aphuzi
Inyoka enobuthi ophuzi inyoka enkulu kodwa, kodwa ayinabungozi evela emndenini walowo osevele wahlukile. Ngobude, ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa kunabantu abathile ubude bawo bomzimba abudluli kumamitha ayi-2. Inhloko inesimo se-oval, ihlukaniswe kancane entanyeni. Ulimi lude kakhulu futhi lubanzi. Amehlo makhulu, abafundi bayindilinga.
Ngokungafani nezihlobo zayo, izinyoka nabalingisi, inyoka enolaka. Ungena kalula ezingxabanweni, azame ukuluma ngisho nomuntu osengozini. Ngakho-ke, ungathandisisi inyoka enobuthi ophuzi. Ukulunywa kwakhe akulona ubuthi, kodwa nokho kubuhlungu.
Izinyoka ezimnyama
Esifundeni iRostov, inyoka eyingozi kakhulu futhi enobuthi. Ingakhula ibe ngama-85 cm ubude futhi inomzimba omkhulu.
Ukusuka kusiqalo nokujwayelekile, kwehluka kwesinye isakhiwo sesikali, umbala omnyama nokugqwala kwamehlo (kukhona ijwabu leso elibomvu elimnyama elizungeze umfundi wakhe).
Inyoka emnyama ithanda ukuhlala eduze namachibi noma imifula. Zihlala entshonalanga kuphela, enyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yesifunda saseRostov. Lokhu kungabantu ngabanye.
Izinyoka ezimnyama zidla amaxoxo, izinyoni nezinye izinyoka ezincane. Njenge-steppe, imnyama ihamba kancane futhi ihamba kancane ezweni.Kepha emanzini ubhukuda ngokushesha okukhulu. Yizinhlobo ezisongelwayo, yingakho zibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu yaseRussia.
Ubuthi bakhe bunobuthi kakhulu. Ngesiqu sobuthi bobuthi bayo, iqhathaniswa nobuthi be-rattlesnake. Ukulunywa kwakhe kuvame ukuholela ekufeni.
Ungesabi ukubheka emehlweni abo: isazi sezinto eziphilayo - mayelana nokuthi siyingozi kangakanani izinyoka zesifunda saseRostov
Sikutshela okufanele ukwenze lapho uhlangana nezilwanyane
Azikho izinyoka eziningi ezinobuthi esifundeni saseRostov
Wonke umuntu wesaba izinyoka. Akukhathalekile ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi unesibindi esingakanani - ngokubona kwenyoka enemibandela, cishe, uzovele uphele amandla. Kuthiwani uma uhlangana nenyoka? Ungakuqonda kanjani uma kuyingozi? I-161.RU ithole kuNikita Panasyuk, umcwaningi omkhulu kwi-UNC RAS, zingaki izinyoka ezinobuthi esifundeni saseRostov nokuthi kufanele uziphathe kanjani nazo.
Akubona bonke abantu abangabona masinyane ukuthi inyoka abahlangana nayo inyoka noma isengezo. Ngakho-ke i-herpetophobia enkulu, ephenduka ubudlova obuvulekele izinyoka. Futhi-ke kunjalo, kungani uhlalela izirhubuluzi uma ungavele nje ubhule isilwanyane esidlayo?
Muva nje, kutholakale inyoka enamamitha amabili enkundleni yezemidlalo esifundeni saseProletarsky. Abatakuli bambambe. Njengoba babeziingcweti emkhakheni wabo, babengekho ekulahlekelweni futhi abambulala.
Inyoka enamamitha amabili ukusuka esifundeni saseProletarsky
Photo: Directorate of Civil Defense kanye Nezimo Eziphuthumayo zeRostov-on-Don
"Inyoka enkulu akuyona neze isengezo." Ama-Vipers esifundeni iRostov kanye nazo zonke izindawo eziseduzane awadluli ngo-50-60 cm ngosayizi. Ukuma komsila kujwayelekile kuma-dinner (anjengezinyoka nezinyoka). Umsila osesithombeni kancane kancane ungena kumpipi, futhi "awunqunywa", njengephupho. Izinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke, ezifinyelela usayizi wamamitha amabili, izinyoka. Zitholakala kaningi kunezinyoka, ngakho-ke zingabukeka zingajwayelekile, yize zingomakhelwane bethu bokuqala, - ubeke amazwana kuleli cala Nikita Panasyuk.
Kungaba nzima ukubona izinyoka otshanini
Isifunda saseRostov sesivele singacebile kakhulu ezinyokeni zokucekela phansi izimo ezingajwayelekile endaweni yethu. "Futhi yini esinayo?" - uyabuza.
- Sinezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa kuphela, eziyisithupha zazo ezingokudla, kanti ezokugcina ezisele ziyinyoka e-steppe. Izinyoka ezinoshevu RO zifanekiselwa yizinhlobo ezimbili zezinyoka nezinhlobo ezintathu zezinyoka: ziyizinyoka ezinombala ophuzi, ezephethini nezinyoka ezinomzila ezine. Umehluko phakathi kwabo ubonakala ngokucacile kwimibala, ”kusho isazi sezinto eziphilayo.
Izinyoka zitholakala kaningi: zombili ezijwayelekile (ezinamabala aso abomvu ekhanda) namanzi. Kamuva inemibala ehlukahlukene yomzimba, icacile futhi ipendwe, kungabikho amabala ekhanda.
— Ukungabi bikho kwalezo zinhlaka kuyesabisa abantu. Ngokushesha baqala ukucabanga ukuthi phambi kwabo kukhona i-adder, manje eseyabakhathaza. Futhi lokhu ngaphandle kwesimo esibonakalayo somzimba wakhe wonke, yingakho inyoka yamanzi ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "inyoka ye-chess," kusho uPanasyuk.
Chess kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo
UDon steppe viper akabuthandi ubujamo, ukhetha izitebhisi namadlelo. Futhi akuvamile. Itholakala ikakhulu enyakatho yesifunda kanye nasemngceleni neKalmykia. Njengomthetho, inyoka ayikhuli ngaphezu kuka-60 cm, emuva kwayo inephethini ye-zigzag.
Imibala yezinyoka ezingenabuthi ngamaphethini noma ama-cubes asakazeke emzimbeni wonke. Axhumekile. Lokhu kungabonakala kalula ngumuntu oqeqeshiwe. Kepha uma unqotshwa ukwethuka, kunzima kakhulu ukuphuma nokuhlola isimo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi usongo oludalwa yizinyoka zesifunda saseRostov lusezingeni eliphansi impela. Ama-Muscovite afanayo, uma eqhubeka amajikijolo namakhowe, abeka engcupheni kakhulu ukwedlula abantu baseDonetsk.
- Thatha inyoka yamanzi, ngokwesibonelo. Ungahlangana ensimini (uma ukhasa kude namanzi), osebeni lomfula noma olwandle. Lapho kuvela kuphela endaweni yebhishi lomphakathi, ukwethuka kuqala. Abadobi bazithatha njengezinyoka ezingamamitha amabili ezingaphuma emanzini. Yize eqinisweni inyoka zamanzi zingabadobi abafanayo, zibamba izinhlanzi zidle ogwini. Kubantu, abayingozi neze, ”kusho uNikita Panasyuk.
Usuvele usebhishi laseTaganrog
Lapho uhlangana nenyoka, iqhinga eliphumelela kakhulu kungaba ukuliqaphela likude kodwa liphephile. Inyoka iyasaba ukwedlula thina njengaye, noma ngabe izwakala kanjani.
- Uma kungenzeka, ungabheka emehlweni ukwesaba kwakho. Zonke izinyoka zethu neminenekazi zinamehlo ububanzi njengexoxo. Inyoka yodwa kuphela ehlukaniswa ukusikwa komntwana okumi mpo, njengekati. Bheka umsila wenyoka ebalekela kuwe. Uma umsila uncipha kahle, inyoka engenabuthi iphunyuke kuwe. Njengoba sekushiwo, umsila wenyoka wabonakala sengathi unqunywe. Ithiphu elincane selivele likhula kusuka esiqwini. Ngamafuphi, umsila wenyoka noma wenyoka uvinjelwe, njenge-awl. Futhi nge-viper, unjengepensela ebukhali. Inyoka ebonwa ayisekho ingozi. Uma ungaziphangeleli, ngeke zikuphathe futhi ngeke zikuthole, ”kusho isazi sezinto eziphilayo.
Kumafilimu, sabona izinyoka zijaha abantu ngesifiso esibi sokuluma. Izinyoka zikaDon azenzi luhlobo. Okuphezulu, bavikela indawo yabo futhi bazama ukukusabisa.
Isithombe: Polina Avdoshina
Ukwenza kanjani izinyoka lokhu: ziyagoqana zenza umgodi wokuxwayisa we-30 cm ngokufafaza amazinyo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungasondeli kuye ngaphezu kwemitha, uzobe uphephile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udinga ukuthatha igxathu emuva futhi uphume endaweni eyingozi.
Imvamisa, izinyoka ziluma abantu ngamathuba amsulwa. Indoda inyathela inyoka ngonyawo olungenalutho, imlume ngenhla kwethanga. Kwesinye isikhathi kungaba yibhulashi noma unyawo.
- Ukuluma kwe-steppe viper yethu kuyingozi kubantu abaphethwe yilesi sifo kanye nokuqina kwezitho zomzimba. Kumuntu ophilile, akumnandi, kepha usizo olulula lwezokwelapha luzosusa ngokushesha izimpawu zobuthi. Ukulimala okuyingozi kakhulu esifubeni, entanyeni, ebusweni. Kepha amathuba okuwathola awabonakala, ”kusho uPanasyuk.
Ukusongela i-Vipers
E-Don kunezinganekwane eziningi mayelana nenyoka enombala ophuzi. Ngokwenganekwane ethandwayo, uyakwazi ukukhipha isondo kusuka entabeni nomsila ukuphula amathambo ehhashi.
- Ama-Yellow-belled angakhula afike kumamitha amabili, kepha anesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu kuya amane. Isilwane, esikhanya kabili njengekati, singaphula amathambo ehhashi? Ezinyoka zethu, abaningi bayibheka njengenyoka enyantisa kunazo zonke. Ingangena kumuntu onezinsimbi ezimbi, izivikele ngenkuthalo lapho izama ukuyibamba. Kepha ukuluma kwakhe akuyona ingozi kakhulu kunokulunywa ikati elinolaka, isilonda nje sidinga ukuphathwa kangcono. Ngicabanga ukuthi lezi zinganekwane ziyafana nendlela izinkomo ezikhipha ngayo izinkomo, ”kuchaza uPanasyuk.
Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izinyoka nezinyoka zifakiwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu, uma kubulawa omunye wabo uzobhekana nokujeziswa kokuphatha.