Umndeni we-crane unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-14 ezinama-subspecies akhona.
Abamele inhlobo ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo banezimpawu nezimpawu zabo.
Omunye wabameli abahle kakhulu nabangajwayelekile balezi zinyoni, njengoba ubona ezithombeni, umqhele onomqhele, ohlukile kwezinye izici zawo zangaphandle nendlela yokuphila.
Imikhuhlane yomqhele ibhalwe ku-International Red Book, lapho inikezwe khona isimo sezinhlobo ezisengozini, njengoba inani labantu liqale ukwehla kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva.
Lezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo zihlala ikakhulu ngaphakathi Ntshonalanga futhi I-East Africa, ngoba ziyi-thermophilic kakhulu.
Bangakwazi ukuhlala eduze kwanoma yiziphi izidumbu zamanzi, noma kunjalo, okuthandwa kunikezwa kumamashi ngamanzi amasha. Ubusuku, lezi zinyoni zithanda ukuhlala emagatsheni ezihlahla.
Ngabe abukeka kanjan amakhreyithi?
Umqhele onomqhele ungafinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-105, kanti inyoni uqobo inesisindo kusuka kumakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwayi-5.4.
Ukufakwa umbala kwalezi zinyoni kuvame ukuba mnyama, kube kaningi - okumpunga okumnyama.
Esihlathini ngasinye, lezi zinyoni zinombala obomvu nomhlophe, enye ngaphezu kwesinye.
Emakhwapheni alezi zinyoni zineminwe emide evumela isikhathi eside. hlala ezihlahleni.
Amehlo ale misela anombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ongajwayelekile, odonsela ukunaka kwanoma yimuphi umuntu othakazelayo.
Aphila kanjani amakhilogremu?
Baqala indlela yokuphila yasemini yokuhlala phansi. Kusukela ngoJulayi nokuphela kuka-Okthoba, imihuzuko yokuzalela iyavuthwa - isikhathi lapho amakhreyithi abhangqwa khona ukuze aqhubeke futhi alondoloze uhlobo lwawo.
Owesilisa, njenganoma yimuphi omunye ummeleli wesilisa phakathi kwezilwane, uheha ukunakwa kowesifazane.
Kulokhu, izinyoni zidlala uhlobo lomdanso, oqukethe ukushintshana okuhlukahlukene, ukugxuma okuphezulu, imibuthano futhi kuhambisana nemisindo ehlukahlukene ethandekayo.
Imigudu ekhonjiwe yakha izidleke ngotshani obujwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi isebenzisa amahlumela amancane noma udaka.
Imvamisa, imifula ihlomisa izidleke zayo eduze kwemizimba yamanzi noma naphakathi kwamanzi ezifundeni eziminyene.
Imvamisa insikazi ibeka u-2-4 opinki noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka amaqanda okuthi kuwo cishe inyanga amantshontsho aqanduselwe.
Ngalo kanye usuku lokuzalwa, amantshontsho angashiya isidleke, kuthi emva kwezinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu akwazi ukundiza ngokuzimela.
Abesilisa nabesifazane balolu hlobo lwezinhlobo empeleni abafani ngokubukeka. Akuvamile ukuthi abesilisa babe ngamasayizi amancane amancane kunabesifazane, kepha amacala anjalo akavamile.
Kholwa ukuthi lezi zinyoni monogamous futhi bathembekile kubalingani babo kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngalezi zinyoni:
ICrown Crown idla noma yikuphi ukudla. Yiba yiqabunga, ibala lotshani, izinambuzane, okusanhlamvu, izinhlanzi, izinkalankala noma izirhubuluzi.
Isimo esijabulisayo salezi zinyoni sizivumela ukuba zihlale zizitholela ukudla futhi zinikeze izingane zazo ukudla cishe kunoma iyiphi imvelo.
Isikhathi sokuphila semikhuba ethwele umqhele cishe Iminyaka engama-50.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lezi zinyoni zenza imisindo engajwayelekile lapho zingahlukaniswa khona manje kwezinye izinhlobo zemikhilogremu - ngenxa yalokhu, ngisho nangamakhilomitha amaningi, noma ngubani angayizwa indlela yemikhuba egcwele emiqhele.
Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zinsimbi zisiza izinyoni ukuthi zihlale emaphaketheni futhi zingalahlekelwa.
Imikhumbi ingahamba ibanga eliphakeme impela, kuze kube Amamitha ayi-10,000.
Isici esingahlukani kahle sokwenza umqhele onomqhele siyindlela encane ekhanda, equkethe izimpaphe zegolide.
Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ngamakhanda abo umqhele wegolide. Kuvela lapho kwavela igama eliyinqayizivele kangaka.
Elangeni, lo mqhele ukhazimula ngokungafani, okungeke kudale ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu ababukelayo.
Isiko Engajwayelekile:
Phakathi kwabantu bomdabu base-Afrika, kunenkambiso ngomholi olahlekile ocele izilwane ezahlukene ukuthi zimkhombise indlela eyiyo, kepha zonke izilwane zenqaba ukusiza lo mholi.
Futhi-ke wahlangana nama-cranes, akwazi ukubonisa umholi indlela efanele. Umholi uthathe isinqumo sokubonga izinyoni, ngokunika ngamunye wabo umqhele omuhle wegolide.
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, ojantshi beza kumholi bathi ezinye izilwane zacekela imiqhele yabo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, umholi wabiza umthakathi wendawo, owathinta amakhanda wezinyoni, wakhela lapho imiqhele emihle yegolide yezimpaphe.
Ngakho-ke zazikhona kuyamangaza futhi okungajwayelekile izinyoni njengemqhele emiqhele.
Umqhele othweswe umqhele awesabi abantu, ngakho-ke, uvame ukuhlala eduze kwezindlu zabantu, kepha muva nje, imisebenzi yabantu isiqalile ukuthikameza kabi impilo yalezi zinyoni, futhi ngenxa yalokho isibalo semikhumbi egcotshwe ngomqhele sehle kakhulu.
Isimo sokuLondolozwa
Lezi zinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zezinhlobo ezingama-6 zomkhovu ezwekazini lase-Afrika; inani lazo linqunywa kwizinyoni eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-58-77, kanti okubhalwe phansi kwaB. B. gibbericeps kuningi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, esikhathini esukela ku-1985 kuya ku-1994. isibalo sezinhlobo sehlile cishe ngo-15%. Mayelana nalesi simo esibi, i-Eastern Crowned Crane ingeyezi "zilwanyana ezisengcupheni".
Buka futhi ndoda
Ama-cranes aqukethe umqhele ngokuhlobisa isimo se-Afrika, ngakho-ke, abantu bebelokhu bebaphatha kahle. Kukhona ngisho nenganekwane enhle ngemvelaphi yomqhele wabo wegolide. Lapho umholi omkhulu wase-Afrika elahleka ekuzingeleni futhi waqala ukucela izilwane ezahlukene ukuthi zimkhombise indlela ebuyayo. Kepha wonke umuntu wenqaba ukumsiza, ekhumbula indlela ayenonya ngayo ekuzingeleni. Futhi umhlambi wama-cranes kuphela owaletha umholi oswelekile kubantu. Ngokubonga, umholi wayala umuntu omnyama ukuthi enze umqhele wegolide kunyoni ngayinye. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha o-cranes bakhala kumholi ukuthi ezinye izilwane, ngenxa yomona, ziklebhula futhi zaphula imiqhele yazo. Umholi wabe esebiza umthakathi, wathinta ikhanda lomqhele ngamunye, kwavela umqhele wegolide wezimpaphe ekhanda lezinyoni. Manje yilesi silwane esingenye yezimpawu zase-Uganda futhi isithombe saso sihlobisa ifulege likazwelonke kanye nengubo yezwe yaleli lizwe. Ama-cranes ngokwawo abekezelela kakhulu abantu futhi aba nokuthula naye impela iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwe-savannah yase-Afrika, umsebenzi wokuphinda wenziwe eminyakeni yamuva, kunciphisa imigwaqo ekhonjwe ezindaweni zabo abazithandayo futhi kubeke engcupheni ubukhona babo.
Imigwaqo ethunjiwe yomqhele iyabekezeleleka kahle, futhi ngokuvamile ayigcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina imvelo kuphela, kodwa kumapaki kuphela.
Umqhele Oshisiwe
Inganekwane yasendulo yase-Afrika ithi lapho umholi omkhulu, elahlekile ngesikhathi sokuzingela, wafuna usizo ezilwaneni ezahlukahlukene ezahlangana lapho zihamba. Ucele i-zebra, antelope neNdlovu ukuthi imyise lapho isizwe sakhe sikhona.
Kodwa-ke, bonke benqaba lo mholi, bemkhumbuza ngendlela abazingela ngayo ngenkani namawundlu abo. Kwathi lapho umholi esidala esephelelwe yithemba lonke, wabona umhlambi wama-cranes, owamkhombisa indlela eya edolobhaneni.
Ngokubonga, lo mholi wayala umuntu omnyama ukuthi akhe umqhele wegolide enyameni ngayinye. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ojantshi babuya futhi bathi ezinye izilwane, ngenxa yomona, zaklebhula futhi zachoboza imiqhele yazo. Umholi oqondileyo wabe esebiza umthakathi, othinta ikhanda lenyoni ngayinye, umqhele wezimpaphe zegolide ukhule ekhanda lakhe. Kwabonakala kanjalo umqhele onomqhele (lat. I-Balearica pavonina) - uhlobo oluncane kakhulu lwezinhlobo eziyishumi nanhlanu zemiqhele futhi okuyiwona kuphela ochitha ubusuku emagatsheni ezihlahla.
Lezi zinyoni ezinomusa zikhethe indawo yazo ezifundeni ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga ye-Afrika, zinezindawo eziningi zamanzi, ogwini lwamachibi amachibi amachibi namachibi, ngokuvamile okukude kakhulu namathanga e-acacia, lapho zilala khona ebusuku. Ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo zayo, emuva emilenzeni yomqhele onomqhele kukhona iminwe emide evumela ukuthi igcine ibhalansi emagatsheni amancanyana ezihlahla ezincane nezihlahlana.
Ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zezwekazi ungathola izingqinamba ezimbili ezicishe zifane, zihlukile komunye nomunye ngesikhala sezindawo ezinemibala esihlathini. Imikhawulo yendlela esetshenziswayo I-Balearica pavonina pavoninaphakathi kweSenegal, iGambia neLake Chad, ibala elimhlophe litholakala ngaphezulu kwelibomvu, kuyilapho abamele ababhalisile I-Balearica pavonina ceciliaeabahlala ezindaweni zaseSudan, Ethiopia neKenya - ngokuhlukile.
Imikhumbi emiqhele iphila impilo yansuku zonke, ihlangana emihlambini phakathi kwezinkathi zokuzalela. Lezi zinyoni ziyamangaza futhi kubukeka sengathi zimunca yonke into eza ngendlela yazo. Tshala imbewu, okusanhlamvu, amahlumela elayisi, izintethe nezimpukane, iminyayo, imifantu, izinhlanzi, izidalwa eziphila emanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo - konke lokhu kubangela isasasa lokudla phakathi kwezindlela ezinomqhele, lihamba kancane lizungeza insimu yalo liyofuna ukudla.
Lapho kuqala isikhathi semvula, esiqala ngoJulayi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, isikhathi sokuzala siyaqala - imihlambi iyaqhekeka bese imijiva ihlangana ngababili. Ukuthola ukuthandwa ngumlingani, owesilisa umenzela umdanso ohlanganisa ukuswayida okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukujikeleza, ukugxuma okukhulu (kwesinye isikhathi kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5) futhi kuhambisane nemisindo ephansi yokucela.
Le misindo ingumphumela wokwehla kwamandla esigaxa somphimbo esisentabeni ye-crane. Uma intokazi imphendula ngokufana, iyasondela kuye ngezinyathelo ezikhukhulayo, futhi bobabili abalingani bayo.
Imikhumbi ekhaliphile yakha izidleke zayo otshanini, ibabeka emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, bobabili abazali besikhathi esizayo baqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi abangeneleli abangeni ndawo yabo. Ngemuva cishe kwenyanga, amachwane amnyama ansundu aqanduselwa amaqanda amabili noma amathathu abekwe, kushiya isidleke ngakusasa. Futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu sebevele bakwazi ukwenza izindiza zabo zokuqala ezizimele.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala
Itholakala eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Afrika. Kuholela ekuhlaleni phansi noma indlela yokuphila. Idla izidleke futhi izondle kokubili ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi kanye nasendaweni eyi-steppe. Roams ngaphakathi kwebanga ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka. Imvamisa ihlala eduze kwezindlu zabantu nasezindaweni zezolimo.
Ukubukeka
Umqhele osempumalanga ngumqhele omkhulu yinyoni enkulu, ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela ku-106 cm futhi isisindo sayo singama-3.5 kg. Amapheya omzimba, alula ngokuqhathaniswa ne-crane esiseduze enomqhele. Izimpiko zimhlophe ngezimpaphe zegolide ezi-brown nezinsundu. Ekhanda kukhona indalo enkulu yezimpaphe zegolide ezilukhuni, ezifana nomqhele noma umqhele, igama elithi crane igama lazo. Amabala amhlophe abonakala kahle esihlathini, kanye nesiqeshana sesikhumba esingenamabala obomvu. Ngaphansi kwesilevu kune-sac ebomvu (icici) ekwazi ukudumba. UBill umfishane, imilenze imnyama.
Ngokungafani nayo yonke eminye imijondolo (ngaphandle kwaleyo enomqhele), umqhele osempumalanga onomqhele unelemuva emuva emlenzeni, okuvumela inyoni ukuthi ihlale kalula emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezihlahleni. Azikho ezinye izinhlobo zemikhuhlane ezihlala ezihlahleni.
Indlela Yokuphila Nokuziphatha Komphakathi
Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalela, ama-cranes asempumalanga asempumalanga agcina emihlambini emikhulu, imvamisa ndawonye kanye nemikhondo yezinye izinhlobo, kanye namakhowe nezinhlwathi. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, ama-cranes abhangqiwe, futhi abazali besikhathi esizayo baqapha ngokucophelela indawo yabo yokuzalanisa. Ama-cranes ayizinyoni zasemini, umsebenzi wawo uwela phakathi nesikhathi semini. Imikhumbi emiqhele yiyona kuphela imijondolo engahlala ezihlahleni, futhi ivame ukuchitha ubusuku ihleli ezihlahleni.
Umqhele osempumalanga uthweswe umqhele uholela empilweni yokuhlala isikhathi eside, kepha kuya ngesizini ungazulazula phakathi kwebanga lawo. Ukufuduka okunjalo, okwenzeka ngesizini nangokweziguli, kungaba kukhulu impela ebangeni futhi kufinyelela kumashumi amashumi amakhilomitha.
Njengawo wonke ama-cranes, izwi lomqhele wasempumalanga onomqhele liyamemeza, kodwa lihlukile kwabanye abalingiswa bomsindo. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-trachea yabo imfushane kunaleyo eminye imiqhele, ngakho-ke umsindo uhlukile.
Ukudla okunempilo nokudla okuphakelayo
Umqhele ogcotshwe empumalanga udla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko amahlumela wezitshalo ezine-herbaceous, imbewu ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezitshaliwe, izinambuzane nezinye izilwane zangaphakathi, kanye nama-vertebrates amancane (amagundane, amasele, izibungu). njenge-omnivore, la makhilogremu awalokothi ahlupheke ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla.
Ukuzala nokukhulisa inzalo
Isikhathi sokuzala semiqhele yasempumalanga enomqhele siwela ngenkathi yemvula. Imidlalo yokuhlanganisa phakathi kwezinyoni zababili efanayo ingenzeka. Ukubonakaliswa kokuthandana kuyinto eshaya imisindo eyenziwe ngokukhwehlela nokukhipha umoya esilweni somphimbo. Okwamanje, imijikelezo ikhothamisa amakhanda abo phambili, bese, ngokunyakaza okubukhali, iphonse emuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zenza umsindo wecilongo obonakalayo ohlukile kokumemeza kwamanye ama-cranes anama-tracheas amade. Ukuqomisana kungalandelwa umdanso, ohlanganisa ukushaya amakhala, ukuduma, amaphiko okushayela, ukuphonsa iziqu zotshani nokunikina ikhanda.
Indawo okuhlalwa kuyo izidleke okuhlalwa futhi kugadwe ngojantshi omncane incane, ukusuka kuma-10 kuye kwangama-40 ha. Isidleke sinesimo esiyindilinga futhi sakhiwe nge-sedge noma obunye utshani. Ubekwa eduze kwamanzi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngqo emanzini phakathi kwezimila eziminyene. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2 kuye kwangama-5 (inani elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-cranes) ngombala obhulowu noma opinki. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-28 kuye kwezingama-31. Bobabili abazali babamba iqhaza ekungeneleleni, kepha insikazi idlala indima enkulu.
Amachwane aminyene ambozwe ngentambo futhi angavele ashiye isidleke ngosuku, yize evame ukubuyela kuso phakathi kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ngokushesha lo mndeni uguqula indawo ahlala kuyo futhi uthuthele ezindaweni ezinotshani eziphakeme, lapho adla khona izinambuzane futhi atshalwe amahlumela. Imvamisa ungayibheka le mihubhu eduze kwe-ululates, lapho ibamba khona izinambuzane ezikhuliswa umhlambi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-60-100, imifula emincane iba namaphiko.
Indaba Yokuphila eMosco Zoo
Imikhumbi e-crown ephukile yavela okokuqala eMoses Zoo okokuqala ngo-1878 (Ngalezo zinsuku, yonke imiqhele eyayinomqhele yayingeyezinhlobo ezifanayo, ngakho-ke kwakungeke kushiwo ukuthi ayengasentshonalanga noma asempumalanga).
Namuhla, zigcinwa, okungenani kusukela ngo-1987, kepha ngeziphazamiso ezithile. Manje sinezinyoni eziyi-10 (umbhangqwana owodwa wokuzalela inzalo nenzalo yawo u-2017 no-2018 nowesifazane olulodwa), okuka-subspecies uG.r.gibbericeps. Amaqanda ngokuvamile afakwa ku-incubator, futhi amaphuphu wona abuyiselwa kubazali ukuze akhuliswe. Ehlobo, la makhilogremu ahlala ezigxotsheni ze-Animal Steppes e-Old Territory eduze kwendlovu, futhi ebusika, ngeshwa, azikwazi ukubonwa, ngoba zigcinwa egumbini elingabonisi.
Ukudla kwama-cranes athweswe umqhele e-zoo, njengasemvelweni, kuxubekile futhi kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Phakathi kwezitshalo - izilimo ezahlukahlukene (ukolweni, amabele, ibhali), kanye nophizi nommbila ngesilinganiso esingama-400 g. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zithola njalo imifino ehlukahlukene (izaqathe, iklabishi, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi) cishe ngama-200 g kuphela. Ukudla okwenziwe ngemifino kwakha cishe ama-600 g. Ama-cranes aqokiwe athola inyama, inhlanzi, ushizi we-cottage shizi, ama-hamarus crustaceans kanye negundane eli-1 kusuka ekudleni kwezilwane, okulinganiselwa cishe kuma-g 250. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okuphelele kwama-cranes agcotshwe e-zoo kungaphezu kwama-800 g okuphakelayo.
Enye yezindaba ezidumile ze-zoo ixhumene nojantshi abanohlonze, noma kunalokho, “ngokuphunyuka” kwabo. Kwakusebusika, kungaba ngo-1987, noma ngo-1988. Indawo ebiyindawo ababehlala kuyo yayimbozwe ngenethi, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi yonke imigwaqo esendaweni yezilwane yayisivele inqamukile ukusika amaphiko ayo. Naphezu kobusika nemvelaphi yaseningizimu yale makhreyithi, ngalolo suku bahamba emgaqweni. Futhi ngokuzumayo, ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa eligcwele phama, inethi yokuvinjwa yawa, futhi imikhova yakhululeka.Isithombe esasihlaba umxhwele kwakufanele sibe - iMoscow, Disemba, iqhwa futhi esibhakabhakeni 4 onjiniyela abasemqhele base-Afrika bayazungeza. Kuliqiniso, abhengelanga isikhathi eside. Oyedwa wabanjwa ePhawini Elikhulu le-Old Territory lapho kuphakama khona amakamelo, amadishi namadada. Futhi wabanjwa yisisebenzi esincane kunazo zonke (ukuphakama) sesigaba se-ornithology uMikhail Matveev. Ngokusobala, umqhele awuzange umbheke njengembangi efanelekayo ngenxa yobude bawo obuncane futhi awubonanga ngesikhathi sokundiza. Eyesibili nayo yabanjwa e-zoo; wabambeka esicondweni seqhwa. Kepha abanye abayi-2 bakwazile ukundiza bashiye insimu ye-zoo. Ngokushesha eyodwa yabanjwa eduze kwe-White House. Wabonwa ngabaseshi bendawo futhi wabika e-zoo. Kepha isiphetho sogobela lwesine sasidabukisa. Indiza yaqonda eVolkhonka, lapho yabonwa kaningi ehleli ophahleni lwendlu. Kepha abakwazanga ukulubamba. Futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva inyoni yatholakala ifile. Lokhu bekuyisiqinisekiso esengeziwe somthetho wokuthi uma kukhululeka, izilwane zoo zivame ukubulawa. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukucela "ukukhishwa kwazo zonke izilwane zasendle endle."
06.09.2015
ICrowned Crane (lat. Balearica pavonina) ingeyomndeni wakwaReal Cranes (Gruidae). Luwuphawu lwesimo se-Uganda futhi luboniswa emphethweni wengalo. In iningi labantu base-Afrika, le nyoni ithathwa njengomvikeli wokuzwa futhi imvamisa ihlala eduze nokuhlala kwabantu, ingakusabi ngokuphelele ukuba khona kwayo.
Ukusatshalaliswa nokuziphatha
Imikhumbi emiqhele etholakele itholakala ikakhulu ezindaweni ze-savannah eningizimu yeSahara. Iningi lazo lihlala e-Uganda, eSudan, e-Ethiopia nasenyakatho nentshonalanga yeKenya.
Izinyoni zizama ukukhetha amaxhaphozi, izimbotshana zamanzi kanye nokubhukuda kwamanzi amasha, yize zizizwa zizinhle ezindaweni ezomile. Imvamisa bakhetha ukuhlala eduze kwamasimu erayisi nakwamanye amazwe wezolimo eduze nezidumbu zamanzi. Uma kukhona izihlahla eduzane, izinyoni zizisebenzisa ukuhlala ubusuku obunye futhi njengendawo yokuqaphela ukubonwa.
Imicwecwe yomqhele ngokuvamile ihlala ngababili noma ibe yodwa ebukhazikhazini. Esikhathini esomile, zingahlanganiswa emhlambini ngenhloso yokwenziwa ngokubambisana kokudla nokufuduka kwesizini. Ngenkathi yemvula, bazama ukuhlala endaweni yabo yasekhaya futhi bayivikele ngenkuthalo hhayi kuphela kubameli bezinhlobo zabo, kodwa nakwezinye izinyoni ezinkulu. Imenyu yabo ifaka phakathi ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Zidla ukudla okusanhlamvu, imbewu, amahlumela athambile ezitshalo, izinambuzane, izibungu, iminenke, izibankwa ezincane namagundane.
Ukuzala
Isikhathi sokukhwelana ingahlala sonke isikhathi semvula. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa benza imidanso eyindida phambi kwezinsikazi, beqinisa amakhanda abo phambili bese beziphonsa emuva kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, zenza umsindo wokukhala okuzwakalayo nokukhala kwecilongo, kukhipha umoya esiseleni somphimbo.
Izinsikazi ezakhiwe zifuna ukudansa, emva kwalokho izithandani ezithandanayo zigxuma ngokuhlangana kanye namashashazi amafushane, ngezikhathi ezithile zishaya amaphiko azo ziphonsa izingcezwana zotshani emoyeni. Indawo yasekhaya ithatha amahektare angama-10- 40, ngakho-ke owesilisa uthatha isikhathi esiningi ukuzungeza insimu okuhlalwa kuyo futhi alwe nabokufika abanezicucu ezingekho emthethweni abafuna ukungena ezintweni zomunye umuntu.
Isidleke sakhiwa ngotshani obukhula eduze kwechibi. Imvamisa, impahla yokwakha kuye iyadonsa. Inesimo esiyindilinga futhi itholakala phakathi kotshani obukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi buqonde ngqo emanzini. Kuyivelakancane ukuthi yakhelwe ezihlahleni noma emithini eminyene.
Owesifazane uvame ukubeka amaqanda ama-2 kuya kwangu-5 amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30. Bobabili abashadikazi bafaka amaqanda ngokuhlukile. Ekhathele ukusebenza njengonogada womngcele, ubaba uvame ukulala kancane esidlekeni, ngakho umfazi oqondayo akamshiyi yedwa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Amachaphaza ambozwe ngentekenteke futhi ahlakaniphe impela Ngosuku impela emva kokuzalwa kwabo, bashiya isidleke futhi baqale ukuhlola umhlaba obazungezile ngenelukuluku. Eminyakeni engu-4-5 yezinsuku, zona, kanye nabazali bazo, baya ezindaweni ezinotshani obude, lapho bathokozela khona ngesifiso sokudubula okuncane kwezitshalo nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.
Lapho esenezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, umqhele onomqhele wenza umkhuba ngendiza futhi uqala impilo ezimele. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbala okhanyayo wezinwele zentsha uguqukela kumuntu omnyama omnyama.
Incazelo
Ukukhula kwabantu abadala kufinyelela ku-85-105 cm ngamaphiko okufika ku-185-200 cm. Isisindo sisuka ku-3.8 kuya ku-5.1 kg. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. I-plumage ipendwe ikakhulukazi ngompunga omnyama nomnyama ngaphandle kwezimpaphe ezimhlophe zokumboza.
Ekhanda kukhona isigaxa esikhulu segolide sezimpaphe ezinamathele phezulu, njengohlobo lomqhele. Ushizi uhlotshiswe izindawo ezimhlophe nezibomvu. Isigaxa somphimbo singaphansi kwesilevu. Beak omnyama bancwetshwe ezinhlangothini. Emilenzeni emnyama ephakeme kukhona uzwane olude lwasemuva.
Usayizi wenani lasentshonalanga manje ulinganiselwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-50, kanti empumalanga awudluli ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-15. Isikhathi sokuphila komqhele onomqhele ezimweni zemvelo cishe siyiminyaka engama-25.
