Abalimi bezingulube abangazazi izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-mangalitsa zohlobo lwaseHungary balahlekelwa kakhulu. Uma ukhulisa uhlobo lwenyama, zizodlula izingulube ezejwayelekile, ngenxa yokwanda okuhle kwesisindo, izimo ezingabekezeleleki, ezesabekayo.

Izici zohlobo lweHungary mangalitsa

Ukuzala amaHungary mangalitsa Kunzima ukudida nomunye. Izinwele ezinde futhi ezimfishane ngendlela emangalisayo zimboza umzimba onamandla, njengewundlu. Ngoba bawele ingulube yasendle nengulube yasekhaya, lo mhlambi waba olukhuni.

Bangakwazi ubusika emoyeni ovulekile kumasithwathwa anamandla. Izilwane zondla konke okuqukethwe kwedlelo: utshani obunjiwe, izimpande, ama-acorn, inhlanzi, iminenke, noma imiphi imifino, amakhasi wethanga.

Ngombala wejazi, lohlobo luhlukaniswe ngama-subspecies ambalwa: omhlophe, obomvu, omnyama, oxutshwe brazier. Phakathi kwazo, iphesenti elikhudlwana lihlala nabamele umbala omhlophe.

Ukubhaliswa okubomvu nokumnyama kusondele ekuqothulweni. Imiphakathi evolontiya izama ukukhulisa izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingapheli ukuze zikhulise. Ngakho-ke, ukuthengisa kwabo kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele.

Esithombeni, ingulube izala ama-mangalitsa aseHungary

Uma sikhuluma ngakho inyama ye-Hungary brazier, bese iwina amasampula ezingulube ezilula. Kungokwesigaba se "okumnandi". Ukuvumelana kwenyama kuthambile ikakhulukazi, kunamajikijolo, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwamaleya amancane wamafutha, noma kuyi-tenderloin.

Lapho upheka, uyancibilika, ochaza ngesakhiwo sawo esidonsayo nesinoshukela. Mayelana nokunambitheka, inyama ayigcini nokunambitheka okuyingqayizivele, futhi iyindlela yokudla, ngoba ayinayo i-cholesterol. Kucutshungulwa futhi kudonswe ngumzimba kalula, ngenxa yezakhi zomkhondo ezisebenzisekayo.

Inyama enezimpawu ezinjalo isetshenziswa lapho kulungiswa i- "jamon Spanish". Izindleko zomkhiqizo enhlokodolobha yaseRussia zilinganiselwa kuma-ruble ayi-16 800 ngekhilogremu, kepha ungazithola ezitolo ngazinye.

Incazelo yohlobo lwe-mangalitsa wohlobo lwaseHungary

Ngokwamafomu angaphandle izingulube hungarian mangalitsa nquma amandla, amandla, nempilo, inenwele ngokuphelele. Use isithombe hungarian mangalitsa kukhonjiswa ebusika, lapho izinwele zayo zinde futhi zigobile.

Ehlobo, iba mfushane futhi iqonde. Umbala wejazi nawo uyashintsha lapho kuqala ihlobo - iba nsundu ophuzi. Konke ngoba isikhumba simnyama. Ehlobo, kubonakala ngokucacile ngaphansi kwezinwele eziqondile, kubonakala sengathi kube nokushintsha kombala. Ukuhlanza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ngokudla okungenampilo, ukumiswa koboya kuyabambezeleka.

Uma ingulube enezinwele ezihlangene ihlangana ehlobo, lokhu kuye kususwe, kepha hhayi ukuhlanganiswa kwayo. Lesi ngesinye isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobo ze-purebred. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuzalwa kubizwa IsiHungary Downy brazierkodwa bonke bangabakwa-brazier abamhlophe.

Ngokusekelwe ezimweni sekhava, kungaphethwa ngokuthi izilwane zilukhuni. Mayelana Nokukhiqiza Ama-Hungary mangalits ingahlulelwa ngumzimba onamandla. I-straight and even back is a skheton made ithuthukiswe kahle, inamandla aphakeme.

Izinsimbi zabantu abadala ngeminyaka ephakathi nesisindo zifinyelela ku-160 kg, izingane ezineminyaka emibili zinesisindo esingu-300. Iphrofayili yekhanda igobekile kancane, ubukhulu besilinganiso. Imilenze iqinile, iqondile iqondile.

Izimpawu ziyisici esivela kuhlobo oluhlanzekile. Isimo sazo siqondile, kodwa kancane phansi. Isidingo sokubukeka kwezindlebe siyindawo emnyama enkabeni, eduze nekhanda. Ibizwa nge- "Wellman Spot" ka-cm omncane ongaba ngu-3-5 cm.

Eminye imininingwane etholakala kuphela ezilwaneni ezihlanjululwe kuphela. Lezi yizitho zomzimba ezidwetshwe zimnyama noma zibe ngumbala. Lokhu kufaka izingono zezingulube, umsila ovela ngaphakathi, izinselo, isichibi, amehlo, umlomo, izinkophe.

Ukuzala kwesilwane zombili kuyisici se-barbecue nokuntuleka kwayo. Abakwazi ukuba nezingane ezingaphezu kwe-6 ngonyaka wokuqala nezingu-10 eminyakeni elandelayo, kube sengathi ososayensi ababhekene nale nkinga. Ukudonswa kwesibili isivuno sobisi esiphansi, kepha izingono zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo komunye nomunye. Okukwenza sikwazi ukondla wonke amantshontsho ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwe-mangalitsa yaseHungary

• Lungiselela indawo ebusika nokugcinwa kuyo ehlobo izingulube hungarian mangalitsa. Kuqakathekile ukuthi usebenzise isiqoqelalwazi esingamanzi ukuze izilwane zingathikamezwa umphunga womchamo. Noma, bangabamba ubusika emigwaqweni, kepha izimo ezinhle zizonyusa umkhiqizo.

• Khetha iplatifomu yokuhamba. Ukugeza komoya kuqinisa ukungatheleleki, kuvuse ukukhula. Ukungabikho kwabo kuyazicasula izifo zama-rickets. Uma uguqulela abondli ngokudla ngenkathi uhamba, izingulube hungarian mangalitsa uzokwazi ukuhlehlisa. Lokhu kuzosindisa abanikazi ekuhlanzweni okungadingekile.

• Nyakazisa gciwane ingulube njalo ngenyanga.

• Ukuletha izilwane emoyeni ebusika ngezinhloso zokuvimbela uma zihlala ngaphakathi. Izingulube zizosusa amagciwane afayo emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-zero.

• Gada umswakama, okujwayelekile kungama-70%.

• Khipha okusalungiswa, ukungasebenzi egumbini.

• Hlanza izesekeli zokudla ngemuva kokudla ngakunye.

• Gxila ngendlela yesikhathi, kepha abalimi bezingulube abanolwazi babheka inqubo ngokuzithandela. Njengoba ukuzalanisa kumelana nezifo.

• I-Castrate ineminyaka engu-30 yezinsuku uma amabhele akhelwe inyama, isinqumelo. Umkhiqizo wokugcina uzosusa iphunga elibi.

• Ungathengisa izilwane ezincane ngaphambi kwenyanga eyi-1, lapho eshintsha ngokuphelele ekuzondleni okuzimele.

Bheka ukudla:

• abantu abadala bondla kathathu ngosuku, uma bengaphakathi,

• izingulube ezincane ukuya ezinyangeni ezi-3 - amahlandla ama-5,

• izilwane ezincane kuze kube izinyanga 5 - 4.

Ukondla ingulube esanda kuzalwa:

• izinsuku eziningana (izinsuku ezintathu) ingane idla kuphela i-colostrum yomama,

• ujwayele ukunisela amanzi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokuphila,

• faka (ngosuku 5) ngezithasiselo zamaminerali, ubisi lwenkomo olusetshenzisiwe

• ngosuku 7, gaya okusanhlamvu okusamanzi, ubhontshisi, isidlo samathambo, ubumba olubomvu, usawoti,

• utshani obuluhlaza ngesimo se-nettle, okuphakelayo kwe-clover ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15,

• eneminyaka engu-1 ubudala, ingulube iqala ukudla imifino nezithelo ngokwayo. Kulesi sikhathi, ukuhlangana kwezingane kuyanyamalala, kufanele kukhanyulwe kumama.

Kuyafaneleka ukuthatha inothi kubalimi bezingulube ze-novice, ukwethula zonke izithasiselo emithanjeni emincane. Izilwane ezindala ziyizidleke, zidla ngenhliziyo yonke izinsalela zezilimo ezivunwe, zihlafunwe ngotshani, zizithokozise ngama-acorn futhi zingadeleli ulwelwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izakhi zomzimba ezisebenzayo, amaminerali, amavithamini nawo adingekile kuwo.

Amapigogo athanda izaqathe ezimnandi, ubhontshisi, uginindela we-beet, amazambane aluhlaza. Akukubi babhekana nama-corncobs. Kepha isimo esiyinhloko sokulungile okuqukethwe ama-Hungary mangalits, ubukhona besilondolozi.

Intengo nokubuyekezwa

Ama-piglets ama-Hungary mangalits azala ngezinga elikhulu e-Austria naseHungary. Ukuthengiswa kwe-mangalitsa yaseHungary futhi ukuthekelisa okuvela emazweni akuvunyelwe. Kepha ngasizathu simbe, basangena emakethe yasekhaya, futhi thenga i-hungary mangalitsa isaphumelela.

Uma ubheka amakhasi aleso siza, ungathola abalimi abaningi bezingulube zamapulangwe ezinikela ngokuthengisa uhlobo olwaziwayo lwezilwane ezincane noma inyama. Intengo ye-Hungary brazier umuntu oyedwa oneminyaka eyi-1 ngenyanga uhluka kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 nangaphezulu.

Ungakuzwa okuningi Ukubuyekezwa kweIsi-Hungary brazier. Izinhlobo zizuze ukubuyekezwa okuhle ngezimpawu zalo. Kukholakala ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukuqukatha uhlobo lokuzalela olwaziwa kahle, azithobeki ekudleni, ezimweni. Ngokusho kwabo, uma ufuya uhlobo lwebhizinisi, lokhu kuyimali efanelekile. Kepha njengoba izinhlobo ezihlanzekileyo zingatholakali lapha, ungathenga i-hybrid.

Umehluko ume kanjena: ukukhula okuncane kufanele kube yimichilo kuphela kuze kube yinyanga eyodwa, khona-ke umbala uyashintsha. Enye into yohlobo oluhlanzekile uhlobo lomjaho wokuqala ongama-6 wezaqathi, owesibili ube ngu-10.

Izilwane zithola isisindo esihle kuphela emadlelo afinyelela kuma-200 kg ezinyangeni eziyi-14, kepha uma ufaka amazambane, ummbila, ibhali ekudleni, inqubo izoshesha, bese lesi isisindo singatholakala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zeminyaka.

Uhlobo oluyivelakancane ezifundeni zethu luyadingeka, ngakho-ke azikho izinkinga ngokuqalisa. Ngakho-ke inzuzo. Iseluleko esivela kubalimi bezingulube abanolwazi ukuthi bathenge abasha emapulazini afakazelwe, ngezibuyekezo ezinhle negunya.

Ukubukeka

Izingulube zeMangalica zidume ngokubukeka kwazo kwasekuqaleni. Okugqamile kulokhu kuzalaniswa ubukhona boboya kanye nendawo ebizwa ngokuthi “Wellman ndawo” enobubanzi obungaba yi-5-6 cm, obekwe emaphethelweni endlebe yangakwesokudla.

Sow and piglet ezisanda kuzalwa zohlobo lwe-mangalitsa yaseHungary

Babelethwa ngo-1833 ngokuwela izingulube zasendle ezifuywayo nezinhlamvu zasendle. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-mangalitsa yohlobo lwezingulube ibonakala ngokwanda kokumelana nezimo zezulu ezinzima, ukuqina kwesisindo nokukhuthazela.

Abamele izinhlobo zinobukhulu bomzimba obuphakathi nomzimba oqinile, onamandla. Isici esiyingqayizivele sama-mangalits yikhono lokushintsha umbala wejazi ngokuya ngezimo zokugcina nokondla. Umbala wezinwele ungahluka kusuka kokumhlophe qhwa kuya kompunga omnyama nompunga. Isikhumba sokuhlwanyelwa kanye nezimbuluzi sinezimbotshana kahle, sinombala omnyama. Izingono emzimbeni zimnyama noma ziphuzi.

Emavikini langu-1-2 ngemuva kwekutsengwa kanye nekutfutsela endzaweni lensha, ingulube ingacindzeteleka, ngako umbala wayo uzoba mhlophe. Ngemuva kokuthi isilwane sesijwayele futhi sasijwayela, umbala uzoba mnyama futhi uqanjwe ngokwengeziwe.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi konyaka, ukubukeka kwengubo kungashintsha - ebusika izingulube zihlanganisiwe ngezinwele eziminyene ezihlanganisiwe, zichitheke ihlobo, kusale kuphela isikhwanyana esifushane nesilukhuni. Ezinyangeni ezifudumele, lesi silwane sinombala omnyama futhi omfushane ngokwengeziwe. Esimweni lapho singondli kahle, noma sinakekelwa, inqubo yokuncibilika ingadonsa isikhathi eside.

AmaHungary mangalitsa ehlobo

Ikhanda le-brazier lilingana nosayizi womzimba, futhi ichopho le-snout ligobeka kancane phezulu. Ingemuva kufanele ligobe kancane, noma iqonde. Ama-Auricles asayizi aphakathi, ancika phambili. Isici esivelele sokuzalela kwama-braziers ama-Downy ngamashiya amnyama amnyama, amehlo kanye nezinkophe, kanye nesithonjana esimhlophe esimhlophe sama bristle ngasephezu komsila. Abahlwanyeli akufanele babe nezingono ezingaphezu kwe-10.

Izindlela zokuzalela:

• Uboya obukhulu kakhulu, obukhulu, noma obunsontekile,
• Isikhumba esimnyama noma esimhlophe esiswini
• Ukuntuleka kwesikhala sikaWellman
• Izinwele ezimnyama ezindlebeni,
• Amathiphu amhlophe ngoboya.

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zombala ezingulubeni zaseHungary: ezimhlophe, ezimnyama, ezibomvu futhi ezixubile. Okuvame kakhulu umbala omhlophe wejazi, futhi obomvu nokuxutshwe kuyathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bemfuyo. Uhlobo olumnyama lokuzala izosoxu aluvamile kakhulu endlini futhi ucishe wanyamalala.

Umbala obomvu weMangalitsa

Izici zokuzala

Lezi zilwane ziqinile kakhulu futhi azinandaba nezimo zezulu eziphikisayo. Isisindo esijwayelekile esifinyelelwa yibola empilweni yonke singaba ngu-250-270 kg. Abahlwanyeli banosayizi omncane namasisindo, isisindo sabo sifinyelela ku-230-250 kg.

Ukuze izingulube zithole izicubu eziningi namafutha, kufanele zidluliselwe ezinyangeni ezi-1-2 ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Enye inzuzo engenakuqhathaniswa ukuzuza okusheshayo kwesisindo ngokudla okuphansi okuphansi. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izingulube zohlobo lwe-brazier zingathola ama-150-170 kg wesisindo bukhoma.

Hlwanyela futhi ukhule izingulube ze-mangalitsa yaseHungary

Inyama yabamele lohlobo lwe-brazier ibhekwa njengeyigugu kakhulu, igaya kalula emzimbeni futhi inambitheka omuhle kakhulu. Ihlukaniswa ngesisa nokukhethekile kwe-juiciness, futhi kubukeka njengemabula.

Indlela engcono yokuvuna inyama yama-mangalits ukoma. In inqubo yokupheka, iba Delicacy yangempela.

Ngenxa yejazi elide nelinzima lokuhlwanyelwa kanye nezinkukhu, zingagcinwa zivulekile unyaka wonke. Ziyazwela ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa kanye nanoma yiziphi izimo zezulu.

Ngenxa yobukhona boboya eMangalits zingagcinwa unyaka wonke esibayeni esivulekile

Uma izingulube zihlala ezindlini ngaso sonke isikhathi, khona-ke uboya bazo abukhuli emuva.

Izici Zokudla

Ukuzondla Kwabantu Abadala

Ukuzalelwa kwezingulube yi-Hungary mangalits omnivore. Uhlu lokudla abaluthandayo kufaka ithanga, isigaxa sebhitrudi, amazambane, ummbila, kepha bangadla noma imiphi imifino. Zithobekile ngokweqile, ngakho-ke indlela ukudla kwazo okudla ngayo kungaba imfucuza ehlukahlukene, izimpande, utshani, ukhula, umhlanga ngisho ne-algae. Ukuze isilwane sibe sezingeni eliphakeme, kufanele sinikezwe ngokulinganisela futhi sicefiswe ngamaminerali nokudla kwamavithamini: izilimo zezimpande, isigaxa sebhitrudi, amazambane, amabhungane okudla, okusanhlamvu nemidumba.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ungasidli isilwane ngokweqile, kusukela kulokhu kungagula futhi kufe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Inzuzo enkulu yama-braziers inzuzo ephezulu nsuku zonke - amagremu angama-600-700, noma ngabe kunokudla okuncane.

Kudla inyama yengulube

Ngemuva kwesonto, ungaqala ukondla izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa ze-brazier nge-steam liquid steam, noma ibhali ethosiwe. Njengomthombo owengeziwe wamaminerali, ungapha usawoti we-lick, isidlo sethambo, ushoko, noma ubumba olubomvu. Izilwane ezincane zingadluliselwa ekudleni okuqinile inyanga ngemuva kokuzalwa. Abahlakuleli abanolwazi batusa ukungayeki ama-ponytails. Ungaqala ukuthengisa ngokushesha ngemuva kwezingulube zesishintshi seHungary downy mangalitsy switch ukuphaka okumnandi okuhle.

Kunconywe ukuthi izimbotshana zohlobo lwama manganese aseHungary zingayeki imisila

Imithetho yokutshala ngempumelelo

• Ukunikeza izilwane indawo enkulu yokuhamba nokuhamba kwamadlelo amahhala - zona ngokwazo zizokuthola ukudla,
• Ukudla okunomsoco, amavithamini kanye namaminerali,
• Indawo lapho izingulube zingacasha khona emvuleni noma emoyeni
• Ukufinyelela njalo emanzini amasha,
• Ukubuyisela njalo udoti ongcolile kube ohlanzekile.

Izinhlobo Zokuqukethwe

Ngohlobo oluvulekile futhi oluxubile lokuzigcina, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka izilwane ngotshani, noma utshani, lapho zizocasha khona sezulu.

Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha

Izingulube zohlobo lwe-barbecue ziba zivuthwa ngokocansi futhi zilungele ukuzala kabusha inzalo eneminyaka emihlanu. Kepha ngalesi sikhathi, umzimba wezingulube usungenamandla, uswele inani elanele lezakhamzimba, amavithamini kanye namaminerali.

Ama-braziers aseHungary asezansi ahlukaniswa ngobuntu bawo obuyingqayizivele.

Kunconywa ukwenzeka isilwane esifinyelele unyaka owodwa ubudala kanti ngalesi sikhathi sikwazile ukuthola ngaphezulu kwesisindo esingu-100 kg. Kulokhu kuphela, lo mbewu angabeletha futhi abelethe inzalo enempilo. I-Hungary mangalitsa estrus yenzeka cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.Cishe izinsuku ezi-5 aqeda ukukhulwa amazinyane, uqala futhi ukuhamba.

Amapigogo wohlobo lwama-mangalits aseHungary ngokuzalwa anombala onemibala

Ukukhulelwa ezingulubeni kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-110-120, inqubo ye-farrowing kungenzeka ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kwangaphandle. Ama-braziers aseHungary asezansi ahlukaniswa ngobuntu bawo obuyingqayizivele. Ngesikhathi somqando wokuqala, isibeletho sizala zingaphezudlwana kwezi-6-7, kepha-ke, zonke izikhathi ezilandelako isibalo sazo sikhuphukela ku-10 - 14 kwilitha elilodwa. Amaphayiphu wohlobo lwe-brazier azalwa enemizila, bese ethola umbala ojwayele ukuzalanisa.

Ingulube evuvukele ngokuphelele kanye nesithombo ngeke kwenzeke kubameli bezinye izinhlobo, lokhu kulimaza kakhulu izimfanelo zabo zokuzala.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzalela

Izinzuzo zohlobo:

• Ukukhuthazela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu
• Amathuba okuba ngaphandle
• Ukungathembeki ekudleni,
• Izindleko eziphansi zokondla
• Ukutholwa kwesisindo esisheshayo - isigamu sonyaka kuze kufike ku-150 kg ubuncane,
• Inyama emnandi nokunambitheka kwayo okuhlukile,
• Ukuvuthwa kokuqala
• I-fecundity ephezulu.

Okubi ngokuzalanisa:

• Ama-Hungary mangalits awavamile,
• Izindleko zezimbotshana ziqala ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-15,
• Uma bebanjiswa ngokweqile, bangafa.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo lokuzala

Ukuzalela kuhlukaniswe ngokusemthethweni ngezinhlobo ezi-4.

Izinhlobo ziyahluka ngombala nesisindo:

1. Swallow. Abafuyi bawela i-brazier emhlophe nohlobo lwe-Sirmium. Izingulube zinombala oxubile. Ngemuva nangezinhlangothi kufakwe umnyama. Umbala omhlophe upenda umhlathi kusuka ngaphansi nesisu, kwezinye izimo kune-tint yesiliva noma grey. Izilwane zazalela eningizimu yeCroatia. Ngokusho kwencazelo yabazalisi, eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, lo mbila wawusehola isisindo ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, wawunombala omnyama. Njengamanje, ubukhulu bulingana nama-braziers amhlophe, umthunzi wejazi ushintshiwe. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zabantu baseHungary, ukugwinya yi-Hardy kunazo zonke.
2. I-White Brazier - Thayipha ngokufunwayo. Umbala umhlophe ngokulinganayo (empeleni mpunga, ophuzi, ophuzi ngokubomvu). IHue kuya ngohlobo lomhlabathi nokunakekelwa.
3. I-brazier ebomvu ezifuywa ezindaweni eziseduze neRomania. Abafuyi basebenzisa i-brazier emhlophe kanye nohlobo oludala lwesiHungary uSzalontai ngokuzalanisa. Uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinhlangano ezingaphansi kwalo seluphumile. Umbala wama-bristles ubomvu mnyama.
4. IBrazier emnyama wabheka uhlobo olusengozini yokuphela. Umbala umnyama.

Ihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zoboya obuphambene, umbala omnyama wezimbobo zemvelo, ingxenye engezansi yomsila, isichibi, izinselo, izingono, indawo kaVelman ngaphansi kwendlebe.

Izici eziyinhloko

Sizokutshela ngezinzuzo nezinzuzo zohlobo lokuzalela ngokuningana esihlokweni bese uqala ngezimpawu eziphambili:

Ama-White Braziers

Bahlukanisa imibala emhlophe yaseHungary emhlophe ngombala. Ukukhula kwesilwane kuyinto emaphakathi, umthambo unamandla. Isikhumba sinezikhumba, sinombala onsundu omnyama.

I-White Brazier

Ama-bristles amade, awugqinsi futhi agobekile. Entwasahlobo, ngokulungiswa okufanele, ukuqala kwe-molting kuqala. Ijazi lasehlobo liyivelakancane futhi lifushane.Izindawo ezi-pigment zibonakala kahle, zinikeza umthunzi wezinwele onsundu. Imilenze iphansi, isisu sikhulu impela.

Ukuvuleka kwemvelo, izingono nezinselo zombala womhlaba.Izindlebe zibheke phambili futhi ziphakathi ngosayizi. Amehlo, amashiya kanye namehlo emhlabeni. I-Pyatak iguqulwe, ivolumu yenhloko ephakathi. Izingono eziyishumi zisatshalaliswa ezinhlangothini zesisu ngemigqa emibili. Emuva ngumbala noma uqondile. Ukuthomba kanye nokuvuthwa ngokomzimba kwabantu abasha kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-10-12.

Umlando womsuka

AmaMangalits afakwa eHungary maduze maphakathi nekhulu le-19 ngenxa yokuwela iMedithera, kwasekuqaleni amaSerbia, azala amaSumadia nabasendaweni, ababesezinyama zasendle (ngaleso sikhathi ababehlala ezindlini) abahlala eCarpathians, izinhlobo zezingulube. Umsebenzi wokukhetha wenziwe kusukela ngonyaka we-1830 epulazini lika-Archduke Joseph, owabeka umsebenzi wokuthola izilwane ezikhiqizayo - ezikhula ngokushesha futhi zizuza kakhulu, ngenkathi zivumelaniswa kahle nezimo zezulu ezinzima futhi zivikela kakhulu ezifweni ezahlukahlukene.

Izinzuzo zohlobo lokuzala zalwaziswa ngokushesha, kwathi ngonyaka we-1833 kwaphasiswa umthetho owenqabela ukwenziwa kwezindawo zabazalanisi nezinye izinhlobo. Inyama nengulube yezingulube zaseHungary, abalimi ababeyidla imihlambi yamahlandla emadlelo asezintabeni, yayinambitheka oyingqayizivele futhi yayifuneka kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, inani lemfuyo lehla kakhulu, futhi izingulube ezimhloshana ezazisemaphethelweni zaziseduze kokuqothulwa.

Manje, hhayi kuphela amaHungary, kodwa futhi nochwepheshe baseJalimane, baseMelika, abaseBrithani nabase-Ukraine babamba iqhaza ekubuyiselweni kohlobo lwendabuko. AmaMangits nawo afakwa ngempumelelo emapulazini ahlukene akhiwe ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zaseRussia, okuqinisekiswa ngamavidiyo abhalwe ngezansi.

Ama-braziers abomvu namnyama

AmaHungary abomvu namnyama asemnyango wokuqothulwa. Kuthengiswa umuntu ngamunye, ukuzalela akuvunyelwe. Ochwepheshe bazama ukwandisa isibalo sezilwane ezisengozini. Izinga lokukhula eliphakeme nelibomvu elimnyama.

Imikhiqizo yendabuko ilungiselelwe kusuka kwinyama: lardo, homon, salami. Emkhiqizweni ophelile, i-cholesterol ingaphansi kuka-30% kunobuningi obuvela kwezinye izinhlobo.

Izici kanye nemingcele yohlobo

Umehluko omkhulu wangaphandle wama-braziers ukuthinta okungatheni, kunalokho kuthambile, izinwele ezinde, i-curling emasongweni. Ngalesi sisekelo zibizwa nangokuthi amaHungary downy, curly noma ngisho nezingulube zezimvu (ingulube yezimvu).

Kumuntu ngamunye ogcinwe ezingubeni ezilondolozwe kahle futhi ethola ukondliwa okuningi, isidingo soboya siyasuswa futhi empeleni "bayimpandla", bafane nezingulube ezijwayelekile ezifuywayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, uvolo uyakhula futhi ube mkhulu ngaphambi kobusika, kuthi ukuncibilika kwesizini kubonakale entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngomdwebo osele esikhunjeni sangemuva, imichilo emnyama ehlukile iyabonakala kahle, okukhombisa ubumbano babamele balolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zasendle.

Swallow

Ukuzalela okuhlanzekile kunqunywa ngokubukeka. Umhlane umnyama nesisu simhlophe. Umbala omnyama ukhona kwizingono, izinselo, izimbobo zemvelo.

Izilwane zinezinga eliphakeme lobuhlakani. Abalimi bayabona ukuthi ngemuva kokuhamba ngamadlelo amathathu, izilwane ezifuywayo zizitholela zona zodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukuqeqesha. Abanye abantu bagcina izingulube emakhaya.

Izinhlobo ezikhona

Ngokuya kombala wejazi (isudi), namuhla Izinhlobo ezi-3 zama-braziers, ezichazwe ngokuningiliziwe emibhalweni yokuzalanisa futhi zibhekwa njengezimsulwa. Onke anombala onsundu, onsundu ngombala omnyama, nokuvuleka kwemizimba yemvelo, amapayipi ekhaleni, amehlo, amashiya nezinkophe, umlomo, izingono nezinselo zimnyama.Isici esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukanisa kwezingulube ezihlanjululwe kulokhu kuzalanisa yindawo ebizwa ngokuthi “Wellman ndawo” (3-5 cm ububanzi), engabonakala emaphethelweni aphansi endlebe.

Ekuqaleni, bekukhona izinhlobo eziningi, kepha ezimnyama, impisi kanye nezasendle zacishe zalahleka futhi okwamanje ukubuyiselwa kwazo kubonakala kunzima ngisho kochwepheshe.

Ungayinakekela kanjani inzalo yaseHungary?

Ama -angalas awafuneki ngokweqile ngemibandela yokuboshwa.Ehlobo, izingulube zifakwe i-canopy. Uzobavikela elangeni elihangulayo.

Izinkomo zansuku zonke zithunyelwa emadlelweni, musa ukukhawulela indlela eya emanzini. Uhlobo oluhlanzekile lithanda ukubhukuda. Amapigogo aphuza amanzi ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukuthi aguqulwe nsuku zonke. Okuphakelayo kufanele kube kukhulu. Ukweqile kuyingozi ekudla ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwentsha.

Ebusika, bahlela isitebele, i-corral enokufakwa. Gcina izilwane zomile, zishintsha udoti ngesikhathi esifanele, ugeze ama-feeders ngezitsha zokuphuza.

Izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka zinika izidakamizwa zokuvimbela izintwala, ama-helminths. Amabhuzu ahloselwe inyama akhishwa ngesikhathi. Kususwa imvuthuluka yezingulube ezisanda kuzalwa ukuze zingalimazi ukhula.

Okumhlophe

Isikhumba esithandwa kakhulu futhi sibanzi (cishe i-80% yemfuyo ephelele) i-brazier emhlophe ibonakala ngobukhulu obuphakathi, inomthethosisekelo oqinile, isikhumba esikhanyayo kodwa esinamandla amakhulu (skeleton).

Ngaphandle kwegama, umbala wezinwele kulezi zingulube ungwevu, ophuzi futhi ubomvu ophuzi, okunqunywa kakhulu ngokudla nokwakheka kwamaminerali wenhlabathi emadlelweni.

Ungayondla kanjani i-mangalitsa yesiHungary?

Ehlobo, izinkomo zengezwa ngokudla okuphakelayo. Bayithenga ngamanani amancane, engeza amavithamini, amaminerali, izinto zokulandela. Umnikazi ngamunye unengadi lapho kutshalwa khona imifino. Bahlanzwa, babiliswe ngaphambi kokukhonza. I-carrion efanelekayo yezithelo, amagxolo esihlahla, ukhula oludliwe, ukhula lwensimu

I-Woolly Piglets Omnivores

Ebusikaabamele inzalo abayilahli isiqu sommbila, ama-acorn, i-hay, ama-chestnuts, isiqu, udoti wokudla. Ungabanika nesinkwa sikakolweni, i-offal, i-bran, amathambo.

Iseluleko! Amapigogo akufanele ajwayele ukuphathwa okukhethiwe. Basheshe bayijwayele futhi benqabe ukudla okulula kuze kube yilapho bethola izibiliboco.

Ukuzalela ingulube egobile

Ukuzalanisa kuvame ukuthola ama-braziers. Ama-piglets athola isisindo ngokushesha. Lapho benonyaka owodwa bathandana nezinkukhu. E-pigsty balungiselela igumbi lomndeni wesikhathi esizayo. Ngemuva kokudlula kude, uhlwanyelo uhanjiswa kanye nezingane. Amadlelo ayakhanselwa, izilwane ezifuywayo zigcinwa esibayeni.

Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe ngokufakwa kwe-premix kunikezwa njengokudla. Izinyanga zokuqala eziyi-1.5, ukudla okuncane kubisi lukamama. Ukondla izingane kuqala ukunika ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7. Lungiselela i-feeder ehlukile esibelethweni, lungisa ibhali ethosiwe kanye ne-liquid mash.

Chalk, ukudla kwamathambo kwethulwa ekudleni. Ubumba obomvu busetshenziswa njengamaminerali. Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, kufakwa ukudla okuxubene notshani, imifino, ne-hay kuyenezelwa ekudleni. Kancane kancane, abantu abasha bajwayela ukuhamba emigwaqweni.

Bomvu

Elinye igatsha lama-mangalits amhlophe lawela noMzala waseHungary wasendulo uSzalontai. Ngokuya ngosayizi nesisindo bukhoma, izingulube ezibomvu ziphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lokuzalela. Babuye bazuze isisindo ngokushesha futhi bakhiqize kakhulu.

Izinwele zalezi zingulube zinombala omnyama obomvu noma omfusa (olula).

Impilo yama-Hungary mangalits

Ama -angalwane omzimba angaqinile okugonywa Izingulube azidingi ukugonywa. Izilwane ezincane azithengiswa ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Abahlwanyeli baletha izingulube khona kanye emgwaqweni.

Yize ukuzalaniswa kuqinile, ukunakekela kuzothuthukisa impilo kuphela. Ngesikhathi se-farrowing, nakekela imfucuza eyomile ngamanani anele. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka +14 ° С. Ngemuva kokushiswa phansi, udoti uyakhishwa bese okusalayo kususwe. Ebusika, i-pigsty evela emabhodini izovikela izilwane emoyeni obandayo.

Ama-piglets ahlushwa yi-helminths kanye neentwala. Ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwezinambuzane kuzokwenza lula impilo yomhlambi. Uma unokugula, thintana nochwepheshe. Usizo olufika ngesikhathi kuzogcina izilwane ezincane ziphilile kanye nesabelomali sakho.

Izindinganiso zokuzalela

Ama-braziers aboniswa umugqa ongemuva oqondile noma ogobile kancane, isifuba esikhulu, ikhanda elincane elinesihluthu esigobe phezulu phezulu nezindlebe eziphakathi nendawo eziqondiswe phambili. Isisekelo somsila siwugqinsi, uncibiliko ekugcineni kwawo mhlophe, futhi mnyama ngaphakathi.

Izinkinga ezingamukelekikuyabhekwa:

• amabala amhlophe ahlukile esikhunjeni (kuzo zonke izinhlobo),
• amamaki noma amabala amajazi,
• izingono ezipinki
• amahloka aphuzi (noma ophuzi ophuzi),
• I-tassel emhlophe ngokuphelele noma ebomvu ekugcineni komsila,
• Amehlo ansundu akhanyayo (kuma-braziers abomvu).

Abadala bafinyelela isisindo bukhoma ngokwesilinganiso I-160-200 (izingulube) nama-250-300 kg (amabhuzu asendle), aze afike ku-450-500 kg. Ubungako bokukhula nobukhulu besisindo sebuphansi, ngezinyanga ezi-6 ama-piglets anesisindo esingama-60-70 kg. Umuntu angeke futhi abize "okuqondayo" nokuzalela okuningi: ukukhula okuncane kufinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba esinezinyanga eziyishumi nambili naku-farrow wokuqala ohlwanyelayo uletha izingulube ezi-4-5, kanti ezilandelayo - 6-9. Ukufuthwa ngokwemvelo kuvame ukungadali izinkinga, ngokufakwa okufakelwa, ngokusho kwabafuyi bezilwane, inzalo ingaphansi kwama-30-40%. Imvelo yokwenziwa kwabesifazane kuma-braziers ivezwa ngokuqinile, kuhlala kunobisi olwanele lokudla, banaka izingane zabo: ukwenqaba, ukusakaza, ukuchoboza noma ukudla akudliwe.

IFarrow, njengomthetho, idlula ngokuphepha ngisho nasemoyeni ovulekile, ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe bezilwane futhi ngokuvamile akukho ukubandakanyeka komuntu. Noma kunjalo, izingulube ezikhulelwe zinconywa ukuthi ziguqulwe ngaphambi kwezimo zamakamelo ngokushisa okungenani kwe-14-15 ℃, zinikeze udoti ohlanzekile, owomile. Ngenkathi ye-farrowing futhi ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa kwezinsana, izinsikazi zivame ukukhombisa ulaka ngokubhekisele kwezinye izingulube ezindala futhi zisabele kakhulu kubantu, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe nazo.

Izinkinga zamatshe ezingaba khona

Ama-braziers anezici ezingafuneki nezingamukeleki.

Izici ezingafuneki zangaphandle:

• isisu umbala wama-sitrobheli,
• ukuntuleka kwemibala,
• amathiphu womthunzi wekhofi,
• izinwele ezimnyama ezindlebeni
• ijazi elinzima noma elincane
• izindlebe ezinkulu noma izindlebe ezincane eziqondile.

Izinkinga ezingamukeleki:

• izingono ezinemibala yenyama
• izinselo ngaphandle kokumnyama
• amabala akhanyayo ekhofi noma emnyama shades
• isikhumba simbozwe amabala amhlophe.

Izinkinga zisebenza kukho konke okubhaliselwe.

Iziphakamiso zokondliwa nokunakekelwa

Ukuzalela kuthuthukiswe njengamafutha futhi kufana ngokuphelele nalolu hlobo: ngeminyaka engu-7 ukuya kwezingu-7, izingulube zikhuphula ungqimba oluhle lwamafutha angaphansi (aze afike ku-5 cm), ezingulubeni ezindala zifinyelela ku-10 cm. Kodwa-ke, inzalo ephezulu kubathengi yinyama esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngenxa yomsoco wemvelo nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo, kwakheka izingqimba ezinonile ezincanyana, ezakha umphumela omangazayo. Lapho zigcinwa endaweni enomkhawulo (i-stall) kanye nokudla ngokweqile, izilwane zishesha "ukubhukuda" ngamafutha, futhi inani eliyinhloko lemikhiqizo yenyama liyalahleka. Ngakho-ke, ukuzalaniswa kwabo ngezinga lezimboni ezimeni zezindawo zokufuya izingulube kubhekwa njengokufanele.

Okuqukethwe okungenamsoco ngokunamandla wokondleka kwemvelo emadlelo, mhlawumbe ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, amadlelo emvelo (utshani, izimpande nezithelo zezitshalo, izilwane ezincane) kanye nokutholakala kokutholakala kwamanzi okuphuza kubhekwa njengento efanelekayo izoso. Vele, ukuzuza isisindo emadlelweni kuhamba kancane. Ukusheshisa inqubo, ochwepheshe batusa ukondla izingulube ngama-okusaya okusanhlamvu.

Uma kungekho amathuba edlelo, isabelo-milo sosobe kufanele sibe Ama-70% avela otshanini kanye nokudla okunempilo futhi ama-30% aqhamuka ekugxilweniokubandakanya:

• IMakukha (i-sunflower noma ubhontshisi) - 15%,
• okusanhlamvu kwebhali ochotshoziwe - 40%,
• ummbila - 20%,
• ukolweni - 10%,
• i-bran - 10%,
• inyama nethambo / inhlanzi isidlo - 5%.

Ebusika, izingulube ziduthiswa utshani nezilimo zezimpande. Ngokudla okunjalo izilwane zithola ukufika kuma-140-170 kg wesisindo bukhoma ngonyaka. Ohlelweni olujwayelekile lokukhuluphala ngokweqile nokusetshenziswa kwamabele namazambane, ama-mangalits akhula ngokushesha (aze afike ku-190-200 kg ngeminyaka yezinyanga eziyi-12), kepha ngasikhathi sinye inani lamafutha lenyuka ngesilinganiso senyama enamafutha, kanti nephesenti lokudla kwenyama nokunambitheka kuncishiswa kakhulu, kulahleka " isakhiwo "semabula".

Abafuyi baseHungary abasebenza ngokuzimela babezijwayeza ukukhulisa, baqala ukukhuluphala kwezilwane beneminyaka eyi-12-18 yezinyanga, bedla ngaphambi kwalelo dlelo elikhethekile. Ukuthola inani elikhulu lamafutha ngesikhathi sokuphela konyaka, ibhali lalisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko, bese kufakwa ummbila, kuthi esigabeni sokugcina kunikezwe kuphela ummbila noma amazambane.

Ngokusho kwabalimi, ukuze izinzuzo eziphambili Ama-braziers afaka:

1. Ukwehlisa ngokunakekela nokunakekelwa. Unyaka wonke bangaba khona emadlelo avulekile futhi bazenzele ukudla ngokwabo. Esikhathini sobusika, kungakuhle ukuthi ubanikeze indawo yokukhosela yesikhashana emapeni, ubeke isitaki sotshani noma utshani lapho.
2. Asikho isidingo sokuphakwa okubizayo.
3. Imvelo epholile nokumelana nokucindezelwa.
4. Ukugonyelwa okuphezulu kwezifo ezijwayelekile zezingulube ezifuywayo, ekuvumela ukuthi wenze ngaphandle kokugoma kanye nezingcingo ezivame kakhulu zikadokotela wezilwane. Noma kunjalo, kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile ngama-antiparasitic agents (kusuka kuma-helminth kanye namagciwane angaphandle).

AmaMangalits abheka kakhulu ethembisa imfuyo eRussia nakwamanye amazwe asemva kweSoviet. Izingulube zalolu hlobo lokuzala zinikeza inzuzo enhle ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nekhwalithi enhle yemikhiqizo yenyama, evezwa kahle ngokuhlanzeka kwemvelo.

Ukubuyekezwa kwabafuyi

UNikolay, oneminyaka engama-51 ubudala, esifundeni saseGomel

Sengineminyaka emihlanu ngisebenza kuma-braziers. Manje senginezinjongo ezingama-20. Ukudla kuyinto engacabangi. Ngibondla ngemfucuza ekhishini nangokusanhlamvu, i-clover, i-alfalfa, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema izinyanga ezingaba ngu-8-10. Izidumbu zitholakala ku-100-110 kg, inyama, zihamba njengamakhekhe ashisayo.

U-Igor, oneminyaka engama-39, iTernopol

Ngenxa yoboya, lezi zingulube azimelani nokubanda kakhulu, ziqinile futhi azikhathaleli. Inyama yengulube nenwele enempilo inempilo kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ezifuywayo. Iqukethe i-cholesterol engaphansi, kanye nama-acid amaningi angenawo ama-vithamini. Ngaya kubo eHungary. Lapho, epulazini, ngabheka ukuthi zazigcinwa kanjani. Lezo ezidliwayo, ezimotweni ezisesitaladini - abafana namantombazane ngokwahlukana. Isitoko se-brood sihlala endle, kepha ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlwanyelwa kwe-farowing kufakwe ezindlini ezihlukile ezishiswe ngohlaka lwamapulangwe olwakhiwe ngamabhodi e-OSB. Into esemqoka ukuthi ngaphandle kokungenakunyaka nokungalungiswa. Kwakusebusika futhi, ngaphandle kwesithwathwa esasingaphansi kwama-30 degrees, izingulube ezinsuku ezintathu zasebenza ngokuzikhandla zilandela omama egcekeni. Ngokuphaka: iphalishi namazambane abilisiwe, esinikeza amanye izingulube, lezi azidli. Ngenjabulo bagedla imifino eluhlaza (iklabishi, izindebe, ithanga), hay, ibhali.

UNadezhda, oneminyaka engama-46, Isifunda saseMoscow

Ukubukeka kuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo esigcwala ngezinwele eziwugqinsi futhi uzizwa umuhle ngisho nasebandeni elibandayo. Ehlobo, awukwazi ukubondla ngokuphelele (ngaphandle kwabahlwanyeli), badla utshani obuningi, futhi ebusika hay. Ubhekeni wabo uhlukile - awukwazi ukusika, kepha usakaze ngesinkwa. Inyama ukunambitha ibuye ihluke kakhulu kubengcono kusuka ezingulube ezijwayelekile ezimhlophe, futhi nokunye okuthengiswa ezitolo nasemakethe.

Ividiyo

Abahwebi bezilwane baseRussia abavela esifundeni i-Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk kanye nezifunda zePerm babelana ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ekukhuleni kwe-manganese kumavidiyo alandelayo:

Iminyaka eminingana wasebenza njengomhleli wohlelo lwethelevishini nabakhiqizi abaphambili bezitshalo zokuhlobisa e-Ukraine.Ezweni, ukhetha ukuvuna zonke izinhlobo zomsebenzi wezolimo, kepha lokhu akulungele ukhula, ukunquma, ukucindezela, amanzi, uthayi, ukuncipha, njll. Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi imifino nezithelo ezimnandi kakhulu zenziwe ngesandla!

Uthole iphutha? Khetha umbhalo ngegundwane bese ucindezela:

EDenmark encane, noma yisiphi isiqephu somhlaba sijabulisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bendawo bazivumelanisa nokukhulisa imifino emisha ngamabhakede, izikhwama ezinkulu, amabhokisi egwebu agcwele ngengxube ekhethekile yobumba. Izindlela ezinjalo ze-agrotechnical zikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno ngisho nasekhaya.

Okusha kubathuthukisi baseMelika yirobert yaseTertill, ekhula ukhula engadini. Le divayisi yasungulwa ngaphansi kokuholwa nguJohn Downes (umakhi we-robot vacuum cleaner) futhi isebenza ngokuzimele kuzo zonke izimo zezulu, ihamba endaweni engalingani ngamasondo. Ngasikhathi sinye, usika zonke izitshalo ezingaphansi kuka-3 cm nge-trimmer eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Izicelo ezisetshenzisiwe ze-Android zenzelwe ukusiza abalimi nabalimi. Okokuqala, lokhu kuhlwayela (kwenyanga, imbali, njll) amakhalenda, omagazini abazihloko, kanye namaqoqo wezeluleko eziwusizo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakhetha usuku oluhle lokutshala uhlobo ngalunye lwesitshalo, unqume isikhathi sokuvuthwa nokuvunwa kwabo ngesikhathi.

Ubuthi bemvelo butholakala ezitshalweni eziningi, futhi lezo ezitshalwe ezingadini nasezivandeni zemifino nazo zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, emathanjeni ama-apula, ama-apricots, ama-petshisi kukhona i-hydrocyanic (cyanide) acid, futhi eziqongweni kanye nopele we-solanaceous ongavuthiwe (amazambane, isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi) - i-solanine. Kepha ungesabi: inani labo lincane kakhulu.

Kusuka kumatamatisi we-varietal ungathola imbewu "yakho" yokutshala ngonyaka olandelayo (uma izinhlobonhlobo zithanda ngempela). Kepha akusizi ngalutho ukwenza lokhu ngenhlanganisela ehlanyelwe: imbewu izotholwa, kepha izothwala impahla eyifa lesitshalo abayithathile, kodwa “yokhokho” bayo abaningi.

Enye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu zokulungisa isivuno esikhulile semifino, izithelo namajikijolo yiqhwa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iqhwa liholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo ezinomsoco futhi ezinenzuzo zokudla kwezitshalo. Njengomphumela wezifundo, ososayensi bathola ukuthi cishe akukho ukwehla kwenani lokudla okubandayo phakathi nokuqandisa.

Izinhlobo ezingama-“anti-Frost” ezingafani nama-sitrobheli wasengadini (imvamisa nje “ama-sitrobheli”) nazo zidinga indawo yokukhosela njengezinhlobo ezijwayelekile (ikakhulukazi kulezo zifunda lapho ebusika noma iqhwa lihlangana khona namathanga). Wonke ama-sitrobheli anezimpande ezingekho emthethweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela bayabanda. Ukuqinisekiswa kwabathengisi ukuthi ama-sitrobheli asendle "awamelana neqhwa", "ubusika obuqinile", "kubekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-−35 ℃", njll., Kuyinkohliso. Abalimi kumele bakhumbule ukuthi akekho oye wakwazi ukushintsha uhlelo lwezimpande lwama-sitrobheli.

Utamatisi awunakho ukuvikela okungokwemvelo kokulimaza sekwephuzile. Uma ukuhlaselwa okulimaza sekwephuzile, noma yiliphi utamatisi liyafa (namazambane nawo), akunandaba ukuthi okushiwo encazelweni yezinhlobonhlobo ("izinhlobo ezingamelana nokulimaza sekwephuzile" kumane nje kuyindlela yokuthengisa).

I-humus - umquba obolile noma ukuphonsa inyoni. Bayilungiselela kanjena: umquba uhlanganiswe ngenqwaba noma inqwaba, ihlanganiswe ngokhuni, i-peat kanye nenhlabathi yengadi. IBurt imbozwe ngefilimu ukusimamisa amazinga okushisa kanye nomswakama (lokhu kuyadingeka ukwandisa umsebenzi wama-microorganisms). Umanyolo "uvuthwa" kungakapheli iminyaka emi-2-5 - kuya ngezimo zangaphandle nokwakheka kwesithako sokudla. Umphumela uyisisindo esikhululekile esinephunga elimnandi lomhlaba omusha.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Isithombe: IsiHungary Mangalica

Ama-mangalitsa aseHungary abaziwa ngokuzalanisa abafuyi bezingulube ngendlela yezilwane ezifuywayo ezaziwa amakhulu eminyaka. Okokuqala ngqa lokhu kuzalaniswa okukhulunywe ngakho ngo-1833, lapho umfuyi womndeni waseHungary uJosef eqala ukuwela izingulube ezifuywayo nezasendle.Umphumela waba yinto ethakazelisa kakhulu futhi efaneleka kakhulu ngokuzalaniswa kwenzalo yasekhaya, okwaholela ekuzalweni okusha kwezingulube ezifuywayo - i-mangalitsa yaseHungary.

Kwakuwukuzalela lokhu obekungacabangi kangako ezimweni zokuboshwa, kungadla idlelo njengokhokho babo basendle futhi ngasikhathi sinye kunikeze inyama emnandi futhi ebabayo kakhulu. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ehlukanisile izingulube - amandla okubekezelela isimo sezulu esibandayo neziqandisini ezinzima ezimweni zangaphandle.

Ihlala kuphi i-brazier yaseHungary?

Photo: IsiHungary Downy brazier

Ku-vivo, i-mangalitsa yaseHungary ayenzeki emvelweni. Lokhu kuzalanisa kuphela ingulube. Ukulondolozwa nokuzalelwa ekhaya, kuzodingeka izimo okungenani. Azidingi gumbi noma igumbi elifudumele. Ngenxa yengubo eminyene ne undercoat, izilwane ziyabekezelela ukubanda kanye nesithwathwa kahle.

Izimo eziphoqelekile zokugcina izilwane:

• Indawo engenalutho. Okufuneka kuqala ukuba khona kwesikhala esikhululekile. Ngokufanelekile, hlinzeka ukuhamba ngezingulube emasimini, ezimayini, ezigodini. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kungakuhle ukuthi uzibeke uthango ngezilwane ngokubiyelwa ngenethi lapho zingahamba khona ngokukhululeka,
• inani elikhulu le-hay. Ngenkathi ebandayo, izilwane zithanda ukumba ngokoqobo ku-hay. Ngokufanele, udinga ukunakekela ubukhona be-pigsty kanye ne-corral evulekile,
• inani elikhulu lamanzi ahlanzekile. I-mangalitsa yaseHungary ihlanzekile futhi icocekile, yingakho idinga amanzi okugeza. Isimo sezulu esishisayo ehlobo, udinga ukuziqabula emanzini.

Lapho zigcinwa ezindaweni ezivulekile noma esibayeni, kufanele kube khona indawo yokubopha lapho ungacasha khona elangeni elishisayo ekushiseni kwehlobo. Uma le mfuneko inganakwa, isilwane singagula kakhulu. Ijazi elincanyana lisiza izingulube ukubekezelela isithwathwa nokubanda, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nokushisa kungadala ukushisa ngokweqile.

Ngabe idlani i-brazier yaseHungary?

Isithombe: Ingulube yaseHungary mangalitsa

Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zalolu hlobo lokudla umsoco ongenakulinganiswa. Ukondla izingulube akunzima, ngoba zithola kalula isisindo somzimba emadlelo alula. I-hay, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula zasendle, nezimpande zisetshenziswa njengokudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ungasebenzisa:

• imifino emisha kanye nemifino: amazambane, i-rutabaga, beet, i-zucchini, njll.
• okusanhlamvu nezilimo. Ama -angalis athanda kakhulu ummbila, kanye ne-porridge yommbila,
• uginindela
• imfucuza yokudla,
• izithelo, apula, ithini lamapheya,
• amahlumela, izimpande kanye nengxenye yokuthatha izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, ikakhulukazi ezasendle - oki, ukhula, isifuba, njll.
• ingxube ye-Vitamin neye-feed eyomile eyenzelwe ngqo izingulube.

Ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu yizilwane ama-cobs wommbila. Izitshalo ezithambile zijabulisa ukudla. Ngenkathi kudliwa amadlelo, amasele, iminenke, izibankwa ezincane, kanye nezimpethu kungadla. Isidingo sokuzalela izingulube ubukhona obuningi bamanzi ahlanzekile kweziphuzo.

Ngenkathi efudumele, emazweni amaningi lapho ama-mangalits aseHungary ebiwa khona, avele axoshwe lapho ayoklaba khona, lapho wona uqobo ejabulela ukucina utshani cishe usuku lonke. Ikakhulu izilwane ezinhle zithola isisindo somzimba uma ukudla kwazo kuhluka, kulinganiselana, kucebiswe ngamavithamini nangamaminerali. Njengezengezo zokudla, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlanganise ikhiyashi noma ubumba olubomvu ekudleni ngamanani amancane.

Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa zidle ukudla okudla abantu abadala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iba yisifo esibulalayo, esingasebenzi, singathola inqubo yokugaya ukudla ecasulayo futhi singafa. Amapiglets, anezinsuku eziyishumi nantathu ubudala, angafakwa kancane kancane ebhodini lokudla okuthosiwe ngokuhlanganiswa noshizi nesidlo sethambo, kanye ne-barley mash.

Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, kufakwa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe ekudleni, futhi lapho inenyanga eyodwa nesigamu zilunyuliwe kusuka kumama futhi ukudla kuyandiswa kancane kancane. Kukholakala ukuthi kusukela eminyakeni izinyanga ezine, ama-piglets angavele adluliselwe ngokuphelele ekudleni okudala ngaphandle kwemikhawulo kanye nemikhawulo.

Incazelo nezici zohlobo

Umuntu waqala ukufuya izingulube, ngokusho kososayensi, eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi edlule. Lokhu kwenzeka eMiddle East, ngokusho kweminye imithombo - eChina yasendulo. Futhi abantu bakwenza ikakhulukazi ngenxa yenyama enama-kilojoule amaningi anempilo futhi nenyama enoshukela.

Lokhu kudla okunempilo kunikeze umzimba womuntu hhayi kuphela amaminerali, amavithamini, amandla adingekayo empilweni, kodwa futhi nokuzivikela okuphezulu kwezifo, kusebenza njengomuthi.

Baqinisa inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, ezinye izitho nezicubu. Futhi manje ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni hhayi inyama nezinwele kuphela, kepha izinhlanga nezikhumba, kanye namathambo alezi zilwane ezithambile athola ukusetshenziswa kwazo.

Namuhla, ngokwesilinganiso, kukhona cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu zezingulube ezifuywayo emhlabeni. Futhi phakathi kwabo, kukhona okungajwayelekile futhi okuhlukile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi IsiHungary mangalitsa. Ingulube Lokhu kuzalaniswa kunokubonakala ngokuphelele kokukhanya, okugqamile, okungenakulibaleka. Futhi eYurophu, izingulube ezinjalo zinqoba kancane kancane izinhliziyo zabo bonke abalimi bezingulube futhi ziphakathi kwezangempela kakhulu.

Okokuqala, lezi zingulube zidume ngokuba zohlobo lwezinwele ezinde, ezigobekile, ezifana noboya bezinkanyezi, izinwele ezimboze umzimba wazo wonke, zona zathola igama lesidlaliso elithi "izingulube zezimvu".

Babizwa nangokuthi i-curly, shaggy, Downy and woolly. Lesi sici senza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izilwane ezinjengalezi zingakhululeki nje phakathi nenkathi ebandayo futhi zithole ngempumelelo izimpande emazweni anezimo sezulu ezinzima, kodwa futhi ehlobo zisebenza njengesivikelo esihle kakhulu ezinambuzaneni ezicasulayo nezicasulayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-braziers aphawuleka ngomthunzi wazo wokuqala wezinwele, onikezwe amandla okushintsha uhlelo lwayo lombala, ngokuya kuphela ngesizini ezayo, kodwa futhi nangobudala, uhlobo lokudla, izimo zokunakekela lezi zilwane, futhi ngisho nohlobo lomhlabathi lapho zigcinwa khona.

Zonke izici zangaphandle zalokhu kuzalaniswa zibonakala kahle. esithombeni se-Hungary mangalitsa. Umthunzi wezinwele wezingulube ezinjalo ungabomvu-uphuzi futhi uhlukahluka ngokukhanya, cishe okumhlophe. Abamele lolu hlobo lwengulube futhi lungaba mnyama, lube mpunga futhi lube nombala oxubile (lezi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-swallows).

Futhi, izici ze-brazier:

• isayizi womzimba ophakathi nendawo, embozwe amabhulashi amade, aminyene, athambile nge-puff,
• isisu esihlwabusayo
• unamandla ngokubukeka, kepha ithambo elilula
• ukugcwala okuphakathi nendawo ngesithende kuphakanyiselwe phezulu,
• ichichima ngezindlebe eziphakathi nendawo
• emuva ngqo, umugqa odlula ngokushelela ku-croping sloping,
• umsila uqweqwe ngoshizi omhlophe.

Futhi ubuhle bezingulube bukhashelwa ngamakhala amnyama namehlo amakhulu amakhulu amnyama cilia, okuthi ngokuhlangana nomlingiswa omangalisayo kanye nesimo sokuthula kumuntu, kube nesandla esikhulu kubona.

Futhi IsiHungary mangalitsa Inesikhumba esimnyama esinezikhumba ezimnyama, okungekho ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile okufanele zibe pink, njengoba kudingwa ngamazinga. Izingono, okuvame ukuba ngaphezu kweziyishumi, zimnyama.

Kepha ijazi eliminyene nekamu ezindlebeni zalolu hlobo lokuzalwa kungokwesigaba samaphutha. Isici esiyingqayizivele somuntu ohlanzeke ubukhona bendawo ebizwa ngokuthi yiVelman. Lolu phawu ngemuva kwendlebe lubukeka luyindawo egqamile, enebala elinemibala.

Ukuzalela nokunakekela

UMangalitsa wadotshwa cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule eHungary (njengoba igama libonisa). Umzala uJosef uzimisele ukuthola ukubukeka kwezingulube ezifuywayo ezikubekezelela ngokuphelele ukubanda, ukuzithoba ekunakekeleni nasekondleni.

Futhi ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, wakhipha uhlobo lokuzalela okungabizi kakhulu, ngenxa yesimo esijabulisayo sabamele balo nokubekezelela okuhle kwanoma yiziphi izimo zezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo luvumela umnikazi ukuthi athole ezilwaneni ezinjalo isivuno esihle senyama, esinambitheka okhethekile, oyingqayizivele futhi obalulekile.

Ukufeza umsebenzi ochazwe ngenhla ngonyaka we-1833, izingulube zasendle kanye nomhlanga wezingulube zanqunyelwa nguJoseph ngezingulube ezifuywayo zaseCarpathian nezaseMedithera, okunikeze umphumela omangalisayo.

Kusukela lapho kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule zala amaHungary mangalitsa Kwavela ukuthandwa ngokungajwayelekile ezweni lakubo eHungary, kunikeza inyama engaqukethe i-cholesterol futhi ibonwa kahle ngumzimba womuntu.

Inyama YeBrazil yaseHungary

Izicubu zemisipha yezilwane zithokoziswa ngokufana kwezendlalelo ezinamafutha, nasezitsheni ezisolisayo - ngokusuka kwayo okukhethekile. inyama ye-Hungary brazier, kuvame ukusetshenziswa futhi kusetshenziswe kumamenyu ahlukahlukene zokudlela eziphezulu. Kepha i-lard ne-bacon yalezi zingulube zaziningi ezazifunwa ngaphambili, njengamanje, emakethe yamazwe omhlaba.

Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo empeleni azidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi, futhi abamele lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo luyivelakancane, abadingi ukugonywa, okusebenza hhayi kuphela ekwakhiweni, kodwa nakulabantu abasha.

Kepha imibandela yokuzalanisa izingulube ezinjalo ngokuzala kwazo, ukukhiqiza nokwenyuka kwenyama nsuku zonke kumele ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile. Futhi kuphela lapho kuzokwazi ukuthola umphumela oyifunayo.

Izingulube zalokhu kuzalanisa zingagcinwa ngendlela evaliwe, okungukuthi, ezingulube namapheya. Kodwa-ke, ubuhle besimo sabo, okungukuthi, inkululeko yothando “lwezingulube zezimvu” kwenza kube nzima kubafuyi bezingulube ukuba bazale esitebeleni.

Impahla efanayo, noma engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20, yaba ngesinye sezizathu zokuncipha kokuthandwa kwezingulube ezi-fluffy, esaba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokwehliswa okungathandeki kwamanani abo esikhathini esishiwoyo.

Futhi ngenxa yalokho, lo mfuzo waphenduka esigabeni esithile hhayi nje ngokungajwayelekile, kodwa wacishe wanyamalala. Kepha kulezi zinsuku, lapho sekuzanyazanyisiwe, isidingo IsiHungary Downy brazier ibuyiselwe futhi ngenxa yokumelana nesithwathwa nokukhiqiza izinhlobo zohlobo lokugomela, ukuvikelwa okungcono kakhulu nokukhuthazela.

IHungary Downy Mangalica

Hhayi kuphela ubhekeni nezinqolobane zalezi zingulube, kepha ikakhulukazi ama-jerky (jamon) afunwa kakhulu. Kuyabiza ukwelapha izibiliboco. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi okuqukethwe nokwenziwa kabusha kwama-barbecue kuletha imali enkulu kubalimi bezingulube zanamuhla.

Le nhlobo iphinde yathandwa futhi, idumile emhlabeni wonke, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufaka phakathi izindawo ezinkulu zaseRussia, ngenxa yokungabekezeleleki kwayo, okuhlinzekelwa kakhulu iqoqo lohlobo lokudluliselwa kokhokho basendle.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho zigcinwa ku-pigsty, i-stall kufanele ihlanzwe njalo futhi kudalwe indawo yokufaka udoti efudumele, okudingekayo esibayeni. Futhi izinga lokushisa elisendlini yokugcina izilwane ebusika akufanele liwele ngaphansi kuka-15 ° C.

Ukuzalela kungenzeka futhi ngendlela evulekile. Okusho ukuthi, ngokuqukethwe okunjalo, izilwane zihlala ziklaba, futhi zihanjiswa kuphela emalokishini ngezikhathi zesimo sezulu esibi. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ukushiswa kwelanga nakho kuyadingeka.

Ukuba sedlelo lamahhala, ama-mangalits ngentokozo enkulu awadli nje kuphela utshani nama-acorn, athandwa yizo zonke izingulube, kodwa futhi nolwandle oluwusizo ezilwanyaneni zazo, okubaluleke kakhulu.

I-Male Hungary mangalitsa

Emakhaya abo eHungary, lezi zingulube zivame ukulahlwa edlelweni elinesimo sezulu esihle nsuku zonke, lapho ehlobo zingathola khona amadlelo anele nemfucuza yokudla. Bayakujabulela ukusebenzisa nokhula.

Okuqukethwe okuxubekile nakho kuvamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingulube zisedlelo ehlobo, ebusika zixoshwa egumbini elihlonyelwe futhi elilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile.

Kuhle ukuxuba ushoko obunjiwe nobumba obomvu ekudleni kwabo, kubhekwe ukuthi ukudla kwabo kufanele kube nokunotha ngemifino namavithamini. Ngokuphaka okufanele, ukukhula kwenyama kumuntu ngamunye ngamunye kuzoba cishe ama-700 g nsuku zonke.

Uma kudliwa amazambane kanye nebhali, imvamisa yezingulube ezinjalo azitholi isisindo hhayi ngejubane elisheshayo kakhulu. Futhi cishe izinyanga eziyishumi ubudala ngokudla okufanayo Isisindo se-Hungary mangalits imvamisa cishe nge-100 kg.

Kepha ngokudla okuthuthukile okusanhlamvu ngokufakelwa i-oyela, i-hazel, iklabishi, imifino, ama-acorn kanye nama-chestnut, kanye nokuqukethwe okuhle, lesi sibalo sikhuphuka sifinyelela ku-150 kg, futhi ngeminyaka emibili umuntu omdala unesisindo esingama-250 kg noma ngaphezulu.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Ukuzalela kudume nangokuzala kwayo okuthandekayo. Kepha ohlwanyela kumqando wokuqala unikela ngamawundlu ayisithupha, kwesinye isikhathi ayisikhombisa, angabhekwa kakhulu. Kepha kwabalandelayo, inani lamalulwane asanda kuzalwa likhula liye kweshumi, kwesinye isikhathi liyishumi nambili.

Mating IsiHungary Manganese

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amawundlu, ikakhulukazi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kufanele agcinwe ngaphansi kokubhekwa njalo egumbini elifudumele, elomile, elihlonyiselwe ngokukhethekile lapho kudingeka njalo ukuhlanzwa.

Amapigogo azala ama-mangalitsa aseHungary bazalwa benombala okhethekile onemichilo, badle ifa lale ndawo kusukela kokhokho babo - izingulube zasendle zaseCarlathi. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ngaphambi kokuba zibekwe kumama, zihlanzwa ngotshani.

Ama-Piglets adinga imijovo ye-prophylactic yentuthuko efanele ukuvikela ukukhula kwe-anemia ngemithi equkethe i-iron. Benziwa izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Emva kwezinye izinsuku ezimbili, amachaphazelo anqunywa ezinganeni ukuze izingono zikamama zingalimali ngesikhathi sokudla. Ama-boars amancane angahloselwe ukuzalanisa avame ukuthuthwa ngeviki lesibili lokuphila.

Amapigogo anethuba lokudla ubisi lwebele kuze kube inyanga nenyanga ubudala. Futhi nangezikhathi ezinjalo, ohlwanyelayo udinga umsoco omuhle ukubuyisa amandla.

IsiHungary Brazier Piglet

Futhi lapha ummbila kanye nebhali ngokufakwa kwe-bran, ukolweni, isidlo sosajongilanga nenyama nesidlo sethambo kumele kufakwe ekudleni nakanjani. Ehlobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka ama-beet, izaqathe, i-zucchini, imifino ekudleni kwe-mangalitsa yaseHungary.

Ngemuva kwenyanga yokondla ubisi, izingulube ezincane sezivele zidinga ukondliwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, akukanconywa ukondla izingulube ngokudla okudliwa ngunina ukuze ungalimazi izidalwa zazo.

Ngokugqoka okuphezulu, ama-premixes ngokufakwa kwamakhambi omisiwe kancane afaneleke kahle. Kepha emva kwamanye amasonto amabili, kancane kancane amawundlu angenisa ummbila, ukolweni, ibhali ngokufakwa kwe-bran kanye netshokhole kumawundlu.

Futhi ezinyangeni ezine emva kokuzalwa, ama-piglets aqala ukuzondla kakhulu, ethula i-hay, amantongomane, nokuphaka okuxubile ekudleni. Ngemuva kokondla okuthuthukile, abanye babantu bathunyelwa ukuyohlatshwa, kuthiwe izingulube ezikhethiwe ngokukhethekile zizalaniswa.

Izinsikazi nezingulube ze-mangalitsa zaseHungary

Imvamisa le mbewu ikulungele ukuqala kokukhula eneminyaka eyi-1, ethathwa njenge sekwephuze eminye imifino. Futhi ngemuva kokudlula kude, insikazi yathunyelwa ukuba ihlatshwe noma ishiywe ngokuzalaniswa okulandelayo, kuye ngezimfanelo nezidingo zayo. Ngokuqukethwe okuhle, abantu balolu hlobo lokuzalela, uma lungaxhunywanga ngumgcini ngaphambili, bayakwazi ukusinda kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzala ama-Hungary mangalits

Abalimi bakhetha izingulube zoboya ngenxa yezimpawu zabo ezinhle:

1. Azidingi ukuphuculwa kwasekhaya. Izingulube zibekezelela kahle ubusika endaweni evulekile endaweni eshisiwe, bambe imigodi yabo yezindlu.
2. Banempilo enhle kakhulu futhi bamelana nezifo. Ukukhula okuncane akudingi ama-antibiotic, imigomo.
3. Inyama esezingeni eliphakeme.

Abafuyi baqokomisa ububi obulandelayo:

1. Izindleko eziphakeme ngenxa yenani elincane labantu.
2. Zingahlushwa amagciwane (ama-helminth, izintwala), ngakho-ke, zidinga ukwelashwa kokuvinjelwa.
3. Isidingo sokuhamba emadlelweni.
4. Ukuthomba kwesikhathi

Naphezu kokungathandeki, ukukhula uhlobo lokufuya kuyinzuzo.

Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi uma amagwababa edlisiwe, ngeke akhombe muntu? Ngiyakungabaza. Kepha okubonile kunolwazi kakhulu ukuthi ...

I-Hungary Mangalitsa: izici nezici zokuqukethwe kwengulube

Okwamanje, kunenqwaba yezinja zezingulube eziguqulwe ngezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwazo, ama-mangalitsa aseHungary avelele ikakhulukazi. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwayo kwasekuqaleni namandla okubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi, okwenza lokhu kuzalwe kube kuhle kakhulu emazweni anobusika obude nobandayo.

I-mangalitsa yaseHungary uhlobo lokuzalwa oludala. Unyaka cishe wokuvela kwawo ngu-1833. Kuyaziwa ngokusobala ukuthi kusukela ngo-1860 iHungary yaduma ngohlobo lwayo olusha, isici esivelisayo saso sasiyindwangu efudumele ngendlela emangalisayo.

Ukudalwa kohlobo lokuzalwa kuchazwa ngu-Archduke Joseph. Weqa isikebhe saseCarathiathi yasendle enezinhlobo ezimbili zezingulube zaseHungary, iBakonyi neSzalontai, nenye eyangenisa ingulube yaseSerbia, iSumadia. I-curly eyingqayizivele, noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, phansi ingulube, evela kuyo, yayaziswa kakhulu ngekhono lomzimba wakhe lokukhiqiza amanoni amaningi.

Izinhlobo zasheshe zathandwa. IHungary kuphela, inani lalezi zingulube lalingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-30. Ukuzalanisa insimbi yaseHungary mangalitsa e-Ukraine.

I-Central Europe ithenge ngenkuthalo inyama enamafutha. Kepha maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, isinqe nenyama yengulube kwase kuphume ngohlobo lobuciko, kwakudingeka izinhlobo eziningi zenyama yokwenza ubhekeni nesando. EHungary, inani lama-brazier lehle laba ngamakhanda ayinkulungwane eziyi-7.

Eminyakeni yama-90 yekhulu le-XX, abakhiqizi benkomishi yenyama yejamoni ne-lomo babike ukuntuleka kwezinsiza ezingavuthiwe. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho abakhumbula ngohlobo olwalukhohliwe lwezingulube ezimangalisayo ezisehla. Inkampani yaseSpain uJamones Segovia, u S. A. waqala ukutshala i-brazier yaseHungary.

Kusukela ngo-2000, uhlobo lwe-manganese zohlobo lwe-Hungary selwamukelwe njengengcebo yezwe yaseHungary. Izingulube zenziwa ngenkuthalo futhi zithandwa. Emazweni e-CIS, amapulazi amancane angavamile enza umsebenzi wokutshala ama-Hungary mangalits, futhi ngokuvamile anenzuzo enkulu. Izindawo zokudlela zama-Elite zithenga inyama namafutha kuzo.

Izingulube zalolu hlobo lokuphakama okuphakathi (kufika ku-85 amasentimitha ukuphakama), zinamathambo aminyene, inhloko enkulu. I-snout iqonde kakhulu futhi igobe kancane phezulu, isichibi siyindilinga, izindlebe zikhulu, zingelulwa ngaphambili noma hang. Imilenze iyizicaba, imfishane, inamandla ngezinselo ezimnyama. Isisu sikhulu, emuva kungenzeka kube nokuwohloka.

Into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho lapho ubheka i-brazier yaseHungary, yiqiniso, iwulubo. Limanzi futhi lide, kukhona ukwehla. Ngenkathi yokucheba kwentwasahlobo, iyawa, kanti noboya buphonswe izindandatho ezinzima. Ama-mangalits amaningi amhlophe qhwa. Ngaphezu kwezingulube zalo mbala, kukhona namasudi amnyama, abomvu nabaxubile. Kuya kuncike.

Ngalesi sikhathi, abakhiqizi bavame ukuthengisa izingulube ezi-hybrid, kusuka ku-barbecue nezingulube zohlobo oluhlukile. Abantu abanjalo bazoba nejazi loboya, kodwa hhayi amanye amapharamitha adingekayo ekuzaleni ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ezinye izici zangaphandle ze-Hungary mangalits:

• umsila uqwebile ezansi,
• amehlo nezinwele ezibazungezile, izingono, izindebe, isikebhe, ukuvulwa kwe-anal, ingaphakathi lomsila kumnyama ngombala kungakhathalekile ukuthi yini okubhaliwe,
• ibhulashi elimhlophe
• Indawo kaVelman (uphawu olumnyama phansi kwezindlebe alikho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-5), lolu phawu luqinisekisa ubumsulwa bohlobo,
• akukho ngaphezu kwezingu-10 izingono.

Ama-boar asendle wohlobo lwe-mangalitsa yohlobo lwaseHungary angafinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-300 esisindo, isithombo - amakhilogremu angama-200. Kakade ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izilwane ezincane ziyakwazi ukuthola amakhilogremu angama-150-160. Isisindo esirekhodiwe somuntu omdala siyisigamu sethani.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo umbala wazo. Okwamanje kunemibala emi-4 yezingulube zohlobo lwe-mangalitsa yaseHungary nezinhlobo ezingama-3:

• I-White brazier. I-subspecies ejwayelekile kakhulu. Kubandakanya i-3/4 yabantu bamanje bomhlaba baseHungary mangalits. Umbala ungahluka kusuka kokumpunga okukhanyayo nokumhlophe ngokushintshwa kwe-fawn ephuzi nokubomvu, kanti isikhumba simpunga noma simnyama.
• "Swallow". Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda, izindlebe, ukuphefumula, umhlathi, emuva, izinhlangothi kanye nohlangothi lwangaphandle lwezitho “zezimila” zombala omnyama. Isisu, umhlathi ophansi, uhhafu wezinhlangothi, uhlangothi olungaphakathi lwemilenze lungaba mhlophe, grey, ophuzi, lube nsundu. Lokhu okubhaliselwe kuvame ukuba kuncane kunakho konke, izinwele zimfushane futhi zinama-coarser, kepha ziqinile.
• Ama-red mangalits. Umbala walezi zingulube uqhakazile, kubamele abamsulwa abazalanayo awunabala futhi ushunqa. Izingulube ezibomvu zikhulu kunezihlobo zazo futhi zanda ngokushesha. Okubhalwe phansi kubonwa njengokunyamalala. Ukuthengisa izingulube ezibomvu kubantu akuvunyelwe.

Ngaphambi kokuthi inani lalezi zingulube lehliswe eHungary, abantu abagcina umbala wezimpawu zezingulube zasendle noma imibala onsundu batholakala eHungary. Cabanga ngezinzuzo eziphambili nokubi kwalokhu kuzala:

Ungazikhetha kanjani izingulube, intengo

Isihluthulelo sempumelelo ngokuzalanisa ama-manganese aseHungary yisinqumo esifanele sama-piglets aqoshwe ngokuphelele. Impela, yize abantu aba-hybrid bangafana ngokubonakala, inyama yabo nezinwele ngeke babe nezimpawu ezibalulekile ze-mangalitsa yaseHungary. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, kufanele ucele ukuhamba kwezilwane, ufunde izibuyekezo mayelana nepulazi elihlinzeka ngokwalo.

Akufanele uthembele kumthengi, kungcono ukuhamba uyokhetha izilwane uqobo, ngoba ungaqinisekisa impilo yamazinyane kuphela ngokuzihlola. Kungcono ukuvakashela amapulazi amaningana, izici eziningi zizobonakala kuphela uma ziqhathaniswa.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinsana ezitholiwe akufanele zibe yizihlobo eziseduze, uma kungenjalo izingulube zizokonakala.

I-piggy yangempela ye-mangalitsa yaseHungary ibiza okungenani ama-ruble angama-15,000 waseRussia, ngokwesilinganiso, intengo iyahluka phakathi kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 ukuya kwezi-20. Kunconywa ukuthola izimbotshana eziningana, ngaphandle kwenkampani isilwane singadabukisa, futhi lokhu kuzothinta isifiso sokudla kanye nesisindo somzimba.

Lapho uthenga, kufanele unake ukuthi i-cub idla kangakanani, noma ngabe ulwelwesi lwayo lwama-mucous luhlanzekile. Ingulube kufanele ibe nesifuba esikhulu, ngisho nemilenze, ebekade ichazwa ngesici se-mangalitsa yaseHungary, imibala enemicu, njengasezihlotsheni zasendle, kepha umbala uvela kokubhalwe phansi kwengulube (omhlophe, omnyama, obomvu, “ogwinya”). Ingulube enempilo izoconsa kakhulu uma ingaqoqwa.

Musa ukuthenga i-chubby kakhulu namawundlu amakhulu. Imvamisa isisindo esiningi esemncane kuba umphumela wokondla ngobisi olunoshukela. Ngemuva kwezingulube ezinjalo, kunzima ukushintshela ekudleni okujwayelekile.

Isiphambano esiphakathi kwama-Hungary mangalits cishe simbozwa ngoboya, kepha inyama yaso iqinile, ungqimba lwe-sebaceous lincane, uhlamvu alunamusa kangako, ubuhlakani nememori ziphansi.

Abantu banoma yiluphi uhlobo lokubhaliswa olunesisu esi-pink, abanamamaki amnyama babonakala kubo bonke abakwa-braziers, bayangabaza ubumsulwa bohlobo, izinwele zinamathiphu ansundu, izindlebe zikhulu kakhulu noma zincane kakhulu.

Isigaxa esivelele kuzoba izingulube ezinamabala amhlophe esikhunjeni futhi zibe nsundu ngombala, ezinamabala aphuzi noma amnyama anemithende ephuzi.Amathoni wemibala angashintsha ngesikhathi sempilo yengulube, le nqubo ithintwa wukudla kanye nemvelo.

Izimo zokuqukethwe, i-pigsty

I-mangalitsa yaseHungary ibonakala ngobungqabavu kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Noma kubanda kakhulu, kungenza ngaphandle kwe-pigsty. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi abaningi abazakhi izingulube zalokhu kuzalaniswa kwezakhiwo, kodwa bamane bmba umgodi esibayeni. Kodwa-ke lapho kufudumeza umzimba we-mangalits waseHungary uzosebenzisa amanoni agcinwe.

Ukuze ingulube ikhule kahle, isadinga ukudala imibandela elandelayo:

• Ingulube efakiwe ebusika,
• corral phambi kwe-pigsty,
• ophuza amanzi ahlanzekile,
• sivame ukufaka udoti obandayo endaweni yengulube nakumbala,
• insimu ebiyelwe evela kwezinye izilwane,
• imishanguzo yokuzivikela kwisimo sezulu esingesihle esibayeni nasemadlelweni,
• ukufudumeza okwengeziwe kwama-piglets kanye nokuhlwanyela okhulelwe, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uzivikele kokusalungiswa

Lokhu kuzalaniswa, ngenxa yokungavikeleki kwayo okuphezulu, akudingi ukugonywa. I-brazier yaseHungary inenkumbulo enhle. Ngakho-ke, uyakwazi ukubuya ekhaya azidle, futhi asikho isidingo esithile sabelusi, ikakhulukazi uma izitha zingahlali eduze. Okokugcina, kufaka phakathi amaphakethe ezinja adukayo.

Njalo ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, izingulube kufanele zinikezwe imishanguzo yama-helminth.

Imikhiqizo yokudla

Ama-Hungary mangalits awesabekayo, adla kakhulu emadlelo. Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo - lokhu kuyotshani obujwayelekile, ekwindla nasebusika - hay. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola isisindo esisebenzayo, ungangena ekudleni kwezingulube:

• amazambane,
• ukolweni
• ithanga
• ubhontshisi
• zucchini
• beet
• ama-acorn
• amathumbu
• okusanhlamvu
• umhlanga,
• isageji,
• lobumba olubomvu
• ucezu
• ukudla kwamathambo
• zasolwandle.

Lezi zingulube ngeke zenqabe imfucuza yokudla, iminenke, izinambuzane, amasele. Akunakwenzeka ukweqisa ama-mangalits aseHungary, lokhu kuzalaniswa kuvame ukukhuluphala. Lokhu kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwekhwalithi yenyama nokufa kwesilwane.

Ukondliwa kwama-Hungary mangalits nokuthengwa kokudla okuhlanganisiwe kuvunyelwe, kepha ke kusadingeka unikeze utshani obusha noma hay. Ukudla kukhethwa ngokuya ngeminyaka yezilwane.

Abanikazi abanendaba nemvelo yenyama bangakwazi ukupheka ukudla kwabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa ummbila, ukolweni, ushoko, ukudla kwamathambo, ukolweni, i-oats ne-makuku.

Isithombo

Kunconywa ukulungiselela isibani sokushisa sokuzala kwengane. Ama-piglets azalwa ngezinwele ezimfishane, kepha ngeke kube lula ukuthi azomise ngokwawo. Isonto lokuqala badla ubisi lukamama. Ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngemuva kokuzalwa, izinsana zifakelwa intramuscularly ngezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-iron ukuvikela ukukhula kwe-anemia.

Ngosuku lwe-4, amachaphazelo anqamula amabhulokhi, ngaphandle kwalokho azolimaza umhlwanyeli lapho ewondla. Izinyanga ezingama-50 ngemuva kokuzalwa, labo abakhuliselwe inyama bangeniswa amandla ukuze babe nesisindo esingcono futhi bangaziphathi ngolaka. Qiniseka ukuthi le nqubo yenziwa nezingulube ezine-hernia ye-inguinal.

Esontweni lesibili lokuphila, ama-piglets asevele enikezwe i-steam eyosiwe, ibhali ethosiwe, kanye namavithamini kanye namaminerali. Ngenyanga e-1, ungaqala ukunikeza ukudla kwama-coarse.

Ukushintshwa okugcwele okugcwele kokudla kwabantu abadala kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingama-4-5 zokuphila, isibonakaliso sokuxoshwa okuphelele kusuka egulini kungaba ukushabalala kwemichilo "yezinsana" esikhunjeni sengulube. Ama-ponytails ezinganeni zama-mangalits aseHungary awanqamuki, angolunye uphawu lwezimpawu zokuzalela.

Izici zokunambitha zenyama nenyama ye-mangalitsa yesiHungary

Inyama nenqolobane ye-brazier yaseHungary ilungele izidlo eziningi zenyama, ngakho-ke yaziswa kakhulu. Inesakhiwo semabula nokunambitheka okubondayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama yalokhu kuzalanisa inezici eziningi ezisebenzayo:

• izakhiwo ze-anticarcinogenic
• okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc ne-iron,
• cholesterol ephansi
• amavithamini A neqembu B.

Ungqimba lwe-sebaceous lwe-mangalits yaseHungary ngamamilimitha angama-55-65, libuye libe nemithambo, okwenza ukuthi amanoni alolo hlobo azale ehlukile.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Isithombe: IsiHungary Mangalica Boar

Ngokwemvelo, ama-mangalits aseHungary anomoya opholile. Bahle futhi bahlakaniphile, ngakho-ke bavame ukuqhathaniswa nezinja. Izingulube zinamathela enkosini yazo. Bathanda isikhala nenkululeko. Ukugcina izingulube zisekhaya, kubalulekile ukuthi uzinikeze nge-paddock enkulu, noma uma kungenzeka uvele uziyeke zidle esigangeni noma emafutheni.

Izingulube zalokhu kuzalanisa ziphawuleka ngokuhlanzeka kwazo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele baqinisekise ukufinyelela kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqapha inhlanzeko esibayeni futhi imvamisa ishintsha udoti. Ama-mangangalits aseHungary abekezelela ukubanda okubandayo ngenxa yezinwele ezifudumele nezihambile. Kodwa-ke, ebusika badinga inani elikhulu le-hay, lapho izingulube zithanda ukuzingcwaba.

Izici ezihlukanisayo zohlobo lokuzalwa zithathwa njengezingathobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa nokudla okunempilo. Izilwane ngokwemvelo zinikezwe ukungazetheki okuqinile, okunamandla okuzivikela. Abayithandi isifo, kepha badinga ukugonywa okufika ngesikhathi.

Ehlobo, kunzima ezilwaneni ukubekezelela ukushisa nokushisa, ngakho-ke zidinga indawo yokuphephela elangeni elishayo futhi zidale isithunzi. Ama-Hungary mangalits awagcini nje nokumelana nezifo, kodwa futhi nekhono lokuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo zokuboshwa kanye nokushintsha kwezimo zezulu.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi uqukethe kanjani i-brazier yaseHungary. Masibone ukuthi sizalela kanjani ngendlela efanele.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Isithombe: I-Hungary mangalits cub

Abantu abadala bafinyelela ekuvuthweni kobulili cishe izinyanga eziyi-8-9. Imvamisa, ukuzalwa kokuqala kwama-piglets ngeke kube kuningi. Sekukonke, abalimi balolu hlobo lokuzalela bananzelela ukuthi ukuzalwa kwenqwaba yamazinyane ezingulube akuyona into engajwayelekile ukuhlwanyelwa kwalolu hlobo lokuzalela. Ukubeletha kuvame ukudlula kalula, ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Amapigogo afa ngokungandile. Azikho izindlela ezikhethekile zokucutshungulwa nokusikwa kwentambo yesambulela okudingekayo.

Iqiniso elihehayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, imbewu eyodwa izala ama-piglets angama-5-6. Uma kuzalwa izingane eziyisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi imbewu ayihlanzekile.

Inzalo yesibili neyalandelayo ivame ukuba miningi. Izici ezingezinhle zalokhu kuzalanisa ukukhiqizwa kobisi okuphansi kwezitshalwa kanye nokuqina okuphansi.

Ama-piglets asanda kuzalwa azalwe enemizila yangaphandle, okubenza babukeke njengezingulube zasendle. Abalimi abaningi banikeza imijovo yensimbi ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa ukuvimbela i-anemia yokuntuleka kwe-iron.

Ekuzalweni, okokuqala ngqa kakhulu ukuqaphela indlela odla ngayo. Ngezinsuku ezingama-5-6, ungaqala ukwethula kancane kancane ukudla okuphelelwayo - ibhali ethosiwe kanye ne-lime. Cishe ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukwephula imvuthuluka yengulube ukuvimbela ukulimala kunina ngesikhathi sokudla. Kusukela ngesonto lesithathu, lesine, badla ngokuzimela imifino, ama-corncobs.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala, izilwane zingalunyulwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, bangathengiswa, njengoba bekwazi ukudla ukudla okuqolwa ngabantu abadala. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sabantu abangayi ekuhlatshweni siyiminyaka engama-20-23.

Izitha zemvelo ze-Hungary brazier

Photo: Ngabe ubukeka kanjani umqwayizi waseHungary?

Ngenxa yokuthi izingulube zohlobo lwe-mangalits zohlobo lwe-Hungary zihlala zodwa ekhaya, azinazitha zemvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi izingulube bezikhuliswe kakhulu ngenhloso yokuthola ubhekeni noma amanoni, esikhathini sasemva kwempi ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40 nasekuqalekeni kweminyaka engama-50, amanani abo ancipha afinyelela ezinombolweni eziphansi eziyinhlekelele.

Abamele lokhu kuzalanisa bahlukaniswa ngokugomela okuhle kakhulu kanye nempilo enhle. Kodwa-ke, izazi zezilwane kanye nodokotela bezilwane baxwayisa ngesidingo sokugoma esifike ngesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amathuba okutheleleka kwezifo ngezifo ezithathelwanayo okujwayelekile kuphezulu.

Izifo ezingaba khona ze-Hungary brazier

• uqweqwe,
• I-lichen,
• isibazi
• umkhaza wendlebe kanye no-x.

Enye into ebalulekile ukungcola okufika ngesikhathi kwepeni yengulube kanye nesidingo sokuthola amanzi ahlanzekile. Ukungabikho kwalezi zimo kungadala ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo. Ukushisa ngokweqile esikhathini esishisayo kungadala ukubabaza, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, futhi nokufa kwesilwane.

Abasebenza ngezilwane futhi batusa ukwelapha izingulube ngezikhathi ezithile ngokumelene ne-helminth. Izingulube zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zithambekele ekuthelelekeni kwe-helminth ngokusebenzisa imfucuza yokudla, izibungu, inhlanzi, amasele, njll. Enye inqubo ebalulekile ukuzama ukugwema okusalungiswa, ukumanzisa, nomswakama ngokweqile. Izingulube zingathola inyumoniya uma umswakama osegumbini ungaphezu kwama-70%.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Isithombe: IsiHungary Mangalica

Kuze kube manje, inani le-mangalits yaseHungary alibangeli ukukhathazeka. Abalimi abavela emhlabeni wonke bazalanisa lezi zingulube. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi phakathi kochwepheshe be-Culinary, inyama yezilwane yaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezikhethekile. Inyama ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kanye nezendlalelo ezinonile zamafutha.

Muva nje, inani lalezi zilwane liye landa e-Ukraine, e-Russian Federation nase Great Britain. Ezweni elingokomlando lama-manganese aseHungary - ezilwaneni zaseHungary zithathwa njengegugu lesizwe. Kwemukelwe imithetho eminingana kule ndawo yalesi sifundazwe, lapho usizo namalungelo kunikezwa khona abafuyi bezingulube ngokuzalanisa lezi zilwane.

Ngokuya kokuqagela kokuqala kwabafuyi, inani labantu balolu hlobo lokudlulela lidlula i-15 000. Izilwane ziyafuywa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Okuhlukile emazweni lapho isimo sezulu sishisa khona unyaka wonke.

IsiHungary mangalitsa - uhlobo oluhle lwezingulube ezifuywayo. Inyama yabo inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu futhi ibaluleke kakhulu ngabapheki abadumile abavela emhlabeni wonke.