Igama elixakile nelesabekayo lale nyoni liphakamisa imibuzo ethile. Kungani ukhozi lubizwa ngokuthi odla inkawu? Ngabe udla izinkawu ngempela? Ake sibheke!

Ukhozi lwenkawu luhlala emahlathini asePhilippines kuphela. Lesi ngesinye sezinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezinamandla kakhulu. Ingangesibalo sokhozi lwegolide, isisindo sokhozi singama-8 kg, futhi amaphiko aso angafika amamitha amabili.

Ukubukeka kwale nyoni kubuye kukhanye futhi kukhumbuleke - uqhwaku olude, olunqenqekile nolugobile, ama-paws anemibala ephuzi, amaplamu amnyama onsundu ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwekhilimu, kanti i-crest ihlobisa ikhanda lokhozi, iphenduke i-manequffy mane yezimpaphe ezimibalabala.

Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuhlaba umxhwele, ukhozi lwasePhilippines lwabonwa okokuqala futhi lwachazwa kuphela ngo-1896. Ngiyabonga ngalokhu usosayensi uJ. Whitehead, ngaleso sikhathi owayesePhilippines futhi waba nesithakazelo enyoni enkulu engaqondakali.

Encane yayaziwa ngaye, ngakho-ke yathola igama elithi "inkawu ukhozi" ngenxa yokuthi, ngokusho kwezakhamizi zakule ndawo, idla ama-macaque kuphela. Baqala ukubiza i-harpy yalesi silo ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle kwalezi zidalwa.

Kwenzeka lokhu nje, izinkawu zikude nokudla okuyiwona kuphela futhi akuzona ngisho nokudla okuphezulu kakhulu kulezi zinkozi ezinkulu. Lapho zivame ukubamba futhi zidle ama-squirrels, amalulwane, ama-squirrels, izinyoka nezinye izidalwa ezihuquzelayo, kanye nezinyoni ezincane.

Kepha-ke kube ngokuqondile amagama amabi, ngeshwa, aba nomthelela wokuthi lezi zinyoni zaqala ukuqothulwa kakhulu. Uhulumeni wasePhilippine, vele, useqalile ukuthatha izinyathelo. Ukhozi manje selufakwe isifanekiselo selizwe lonke, kwenqatshelwe ukuthatha izinyoni eziphilayo noma eminye imikhiqizo yazo ngaphandle kwasePhilippines, futhi igama lalezi zinhlobo lashintshwa ngokusemthethweni laba yi- "Philippine ukhozi."

Lokhu kube nemiphumela ethile. Njengamanje, kunabantu abangaba ngu-400 balezi zinhlobo, kodwa inani labo liyanda kancane kancane. Kuliqiniso, kunzima impela ukubala ngokunembile, ngenxa yendlela yokuphila yezinyoni eyimfihlo.

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine luyinyoni ethembekile kakhulu, zakha imibhangqwana impilo yonke. Imidlalo yabo yokuhlobisa ihehe umbukeli - owesilisa wenza ama-pirouette amangalisayo emoyeni phambi kwalowo akhethiwe.

Kukhona iqanda elilodwa kuphela ku-clutch yezinkozi, okuvela kuzo elinye iqanda. Futhi, yize ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10 inyoni isivele indizimele ngokuzimela futhi iphumelele ukuzingela, imvamisa iyaqhubeka nokuhlala nabazali isikhathi esithile.

Isimo somoya nehlathi nakho kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sokusinda kwale nhlobo emangalisayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngisho nokuzalela ngempumelelo inkukhu eyodwa, izimbila zidinga okungenani amamitha ayi-25 skwele. km yehlathi. Ngakho-ke, bathinteka kakhulu ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi ePhilippines.

Kuyiqiniso, bobabili uhulumeni nabezemvelo bathatha isinyathelo sokuvikela ukhozi lwasePhilippine nezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ekuqothulweni. Kepha umuntu udinga ukucabanga kabusha ngemisebenzi yakhe ukuze angalahli ithuba lokubona le nyoni enkulu emhlabeni wethu.

Uzosisiza kakhulu, uma wabelana ngendatshana ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi uyayithanda. Ngiyabonga ngalokho.

Bhalisela isiteshi sethu.

Funda ezinye izindaba ku-bird House.

Izimpawu zangaphandle zokhozi lwasePhilippine

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine luyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane enobukhulu obungu-86-102 cm ubukhulu enoqhwaku olukhulu nezinsiba ezinde ngemuva kwekhanda, obukeka njenge-shaggy crest.

UPhilippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi)

I-plumage yobuso imnyama, i-ocher enokhilimu ngemuva kwekhanda nomqhele ngemisundu emnyama enamaqabunga. Umzimba ongaphezulu unombala onsundu ngombala okhanyayo nezinsiba zezimpaphe. Ngaphansi nangaphansi kumhlophe. Iris ngimpunga onsundu. Bopha phezulu futhi ugobile, grey emnyama. Imilenze iphuzi ngezinsimbi ezinkulu ezimnyama.

Abesilisa nabesifazane bayabonakala ngokubukeka.

Imichilo embozwe mhlophe phansi. Amaphekula ezinsizwa ezincane zasePhilippines ziyafana ne-plumage yezinyoni ezindala, kepha izimpaphe ezingaphezulu komzimba zinomngcele omhlophe. Ukhozi lwasePhilippine endizeni luhlukaniswa amabele amhlophe, umsila omude namaphiko oyindilinga.

Isiphamandla Sokhozi sePhilippine

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine lugcwele ePhilippines. Lolu hlobo lufinyelela e-East Luzon, Samara, Leyte naseMindanao. IMindanao ihlalwa ngobuningi bezinyoni, inani lazo lilinganiswa ngamabhangqa okuzala angama-82-233. Amakamelo ayisithupha esidlekeni eSamara futhi mhlawumbe amabili kuLeyte, kanye okungenani nesibili eLuzon.

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine endizeni luhlukaniswa amabele amhlophe, umsila omude namaphiko oyindilinga.

12.01.2017

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine (lat.Pithecophaga jefferyi) lingelakwaHawks womndeni (i-Accipitridae) kusuka ku-oda Falconiformes. Le nyoni engavamile ibhekwa njengokhozi olukhulu kakhulu emhlabeni. EPhilippines, ngoJulayi 4, 1995, kumenyezelwe njengophawu lukazwelonke. Isithombe sakhe sisezitempini nasezinhlamvwini eziyi-12 zasePhilippines ezikhishwe phakathi kuka-1981 no-1994. Ngokubulawa kwenyoni enjalo kubhekene nenhlawulo enkulu noma ukuboshwa iminyaka engafika kwengu-12.

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine lwaqala ukutholwa yisazi sezilwane saseNgilandi uJohn Whitehead ngonyaka we-1896. Uliqambe ngegama likayise uJeffery Pithecophaga jefferyi. Igama lokuqala egameni lesiLatini ngesiRashiya lisho "inkawu-edla".

Ukubhebhetheka

Indawo yokuhlala kwabadli bezinkawu ifinyelela eziqhingini ezine ezinkulu: iSamar, iLuzon, iMindanao neLeyte. Zitholakala endaweni engamakhilomitha-skwele ayinkulungwane. Ngokuqagela okuhlukahlukene, inani labantu balinganiselwa kwizinyoni ezingama-200-600.

Iningi lamabhuza esidlekeni eMindanao. Ukuze zidleke, zikhetha izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esinomswakama nezihlahla ezinde, ikakhulukazi zivela emndenini weDipterocarpaceae, ezifinyelela ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-40-70. Zingahlala nasehlathini lesibili ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike ku-1800 m ngaphezu kolwandle.

Indawo yokuzingela umbhangqwana owodwa ifinyelela isilinganiso samamitha skwele ayi-133. km Ibanga phakathi kwezidleke lisuka ku-9 liye ku-18 km. Imvamisa, ingxenye yendawo yokuzingela ihlathi, kanti ingxenye yesibili iyindawo evulekile. Isidleke sivame ukutholakala emngceleni wehlathi.

Umsoco

Ekuqaleni, ukhozi lwasePhilippine lwalunikwa ukudla kwezinkawu, ngoba inyamazane yokuqala eyayizingelwa yayinezingcezu ze-macaque ezingalwanga esiswini sayo. Eqinisweni, ukudla kwezinyoni kuhluke kakhulu futhi kuqukethe izilwane ezincelisayo ezahlukahlukene, ezihuquzelayo kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Izinsalela zokudla ezitholakala esidlekeni sokhozi zisukela ebhandeni elincane lama-gramu ayishumi kuya kwidiya yasePhilippines enesisindo esingu-14 kg.

Ububanzi bezinyamazane buyahlukahluka kusuka esiqhingini kuya kwesinye isiqhingi futhi kuya ngesilwane esiphila kuso. EMindanao, inyoni edla inyama idla kakhulu kuma-squirrels ezinkuni nasemlonyeni ezindizayo, naseLuzon, ezinkawu, izimpungushe ezindizayo, amagundane, izibankwa nezinyoka. Ukhozi lwasePhilippine lwalubonakala futhi ngenkathi luzingela amachwane nezinja ezincane.

Abadli bezinkawu bazingela ngababili. Omunye wabo uhlala ngokungagudluki egatsheni eliseduzane nalowo okungenzeka ukuthi uhlukumeziwe abuke inyamazane, izama ukumphazamisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, omunye umzingeli wehla evela emagatsheni aphezulu futhi ahlasele isisulu.

Uma ukuhlasela kungaphumelelanga, ukuzama kuyaphindwa futhi. Izinkozi ezivela eMindanao zisebenzisa le ndlela ukubamba ama-lemurs ezindizayo ebusuku.

Imvamisa, ngababili bokhozi bahlasela imihlambi yezinkawu. Ama-macaque nezinkozi ezinesisindo esifanayo, ngakho-ke ukuzingela okunjalo kungaba yingozi. Umzingeli kungenzeka ukuthi ube nemilenze ephukile uma ewa ukusuka ekuphakameni okukhulu kuya emhlabathini kanye nezisulu ngesikhathi sokulwa.

Ukuzala

Abesifazane bavuthwa ngokocansi beneminyaka emihlanu. Abesilisa bafika eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Izinkozi zidala imibhangqwana impilo, futhi uma kwenzeka kushona omunye wabalingani lapho elinye lifuna ukumbuyisela esikhundleni.

Isikhathi sokufuya siqala ngoJulayi. Ukuqala kwayo kuthintwa yizimo zezulu kanye nosayizi wabantu. Ukuqomisana kuwuphawu lokwakha isidleke. Ububanzi bayo bufinyelela ku-1.5 m.

Isidleke sitholakala esihlahleni endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-30. Njengezinye izinyoni ezinkulu zezinyamazane, abadla izinkawu bayakha ngendlela yesikhulumi esikhulu esenziwe ngamagatsha asayizi ahlukahlukene. Umbhangqwana ungasebenzisa isidleke esakhiwe ngaphambilini ukukhulisa inzalo yaso.

Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokubeka iqanda, insikazi iwela esimweni esikhethekile. Umisa ukudla futhi aphuze amanzi amaningi. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kusihlwa, kuqhamuka iqanda elilodwa esidlekeni. Uma okhozi efa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, insikazi ibeka elinye iqanda. Inqubo yokufaka ekufukameleni ihlala izinsuku ezingama-68.

Bobabili abazali bakhahlela inzalo, yize insikazi ichitha isikhathi esithe xaxa kule nqubo. Sekuphele amasonto ayi-7 besondla i-eglet futhi bayivikela emvuleni naselangeni.

Izinkozi ezisencane ziqala ukushiya isidleke zineminyaka engu-4-5 ubudala, kuthi ekuzingeleni kwazo kokuqala zihambe ngosuku lwangama-304 luzelwe. Ngaphansi kokugadwa kwabazali, amaphuphu ayizinyanga ezingama-20.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba wokhozi lwasePhilippine lufika ku-100 cm ngamaphiko afinyelela ku-220 cm. Izinsikazi zikhulu kancanyana kunabesilisa futhi zinesisindo esingama-8 kg. Isisindo sabesilisa asidluli ku-6 kg.

Umsila omude namaphiko amafushane asiza inyoni ukundiza kalula emqheleni wezihlahla. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lukhulu futhi luphezulu. Ikhanda likhanya, emuva kwekhanda kukhona izidalwa ezinde zezimpaphe ezinde. Isisu sikhanya, futhi emuva namaphiko kumnyama onsundu.

Kumiswe isikhwama eDavao, ePhilippines ukuvikela okhozi nezindawo ezihlala kuzo. Kuyo yonke le minyaka eyi-10, ubelokhu ephumelela ukufuya izinyoni ezithunjiwe futhi usevele wenza ukuhlola kokuqala kokukhishwa kwezakhamuzi zakhe endle. Izinyoni ezingama-36 zihlala esikhwameni, eziyi-19 zazo zakhulela ekudingisweni.

Ukubukeka

Ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-86- 1021. ubude besilinganiso besilisa bungamasentimitha angama-95, kwabesifazane, ngokulandelana ngama-cm ayi-105. Ubulili obuqinile buncane nge-10% kunokubuthaka. Isisindo sezinyoni ziyehluka kusuka ku-4,7 kuya ku-7 kg. Isilinganiso esingamakhilogremu ayi-4,5 abesilisa nabama-6 kg kwabesifazane. I-Wingspan ngamasentimitha angama-185-220.Bopha ubude bufika ku-7 cm. Umsila ubude. Ubude bawo buyi-42-45 cm.I-Vocalization iyimpempe ephezulu. IPhilippine harpy ivumelaniswe kahle nokundiza ehlathini, okungukuthi, inamakhono aphezulu.

Ngemuva kwekhanda kunezimpaphe ezinde ezinsundu ezakha i-shaggy crest. Ifana ne-mane yebhubesi futhi inikeze inyoni ukubukeka kwe-griffin yasenganekwaneni. Amapayipi asemaphikweni nasemuva anombala onsundu, futhi umzimba ongezansi umbozwe izimpaphe ezimhlophe. Imichilo emnyama eguqukayo ibonwa emsileni. Izimbambo ziphuzi ngemisila eqinile emnyama. Uqhwathu unombala onsomi ompunga. Amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ukuziphatha Nempilo

Lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama zilawula amahlathi asePhilippine. Izidleke zababili zihlelwe ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayi-13 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Futhi indawo yesakhiwo esiyindilinga ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-133 skwele. km Indiza iyashesha, iyaguga, ifana nendiza yamaphiko amancane. Ukudla kwezinkozi zasePhilippine kuncike kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala. Isizinda sihlukahluka kakhulu ngesisindo esingu-10 g kuya ku-14 kg. Endabeni yokugcina, inyamazane yasePhilippines inesisindo esingaka. Izisulu eziyinhloko yizinkawu, izinyoni, ama-squirrels, amalulwane. Izilwane ezihuqayo nazo ziyadliwa. Lezi yizinyoka, ziqaphe izibankwa. Ukuzingela izinkawu kuvame ukwenziwa ngababili. Inyoni eyodwa ihlala egatsheni eliseduze nomhlambi wezinkawu iziphambanise. Neyesibili ngalesi sikhathi ukundiza buthule futhi ibambe inyamazane.

Ilondolozwa ukubuka

Lolu hlobo luphawulwa njengolusengozini. Lokhu kungumphumela wokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokwanda komhlaba wezolimo. Ukuzingela kube nomthelela. Kwesinye isikhathi ukhozi lwasePhilippines lubanjwa ngabantu bendawo edzwaneni. Cishe zingaba ngu-50 zalezi zinyoni ezisezindaweni zokugcina izilwane eYurophu, eMelika, eJapan. Izinsuku zokuqala zokuzala ezithunjelwe emuva ku-1992. Namuhla, ukuzingela abamele izinhlobo kungavunyelwe. Ngecala lokubulala umdlwenguli onamachilo ubhekene nesigwebo seminyaka engu-12 kanye nenhlawulo enkulu yemali.

Izizathu Zokwehlisa I-Filipino Eagle

Ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi nokuqhekeka kwendawo okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba wezilimo ezitshaliwe yizona ezisongela ubukhona bokhozi basePhilippine. Ukuqothulwa kwehlathi elivuthiwe kuyaqhubeka ngesivinini esikhulu, kangangokuba kune-9,220 km2 kuphela yokwakha isidleke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo eziningi zamahlathi asezansi asezansi ziyaqashiswa. Ukuthuthuka kwemboni yezokumbiwa phansi kunobungozi obungeziwe.

Ukuzingela okungalawulwa, ukudotshwa kwezinyoni kwe-zoos, imibukiso nokuhweba nakho kuyizisongo ezimbi okhozini lwasePhilippine. Izinkozi ezincane ezingenalwazi zingena kalula ezihibeni ezibekwe abazingeli. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ekwelapheni izilimo kungaholela ekwehleni kwezinga lokuzala. Izinga eliphansi lokufuya lithinta inani lezinyoni ezingazala izingane.

Isimo Sokulondolozwa Kokhozi lwePhilippine

Ukhozi lwasePhilippine lungolunye lwezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingandile emhlabeni. Encwadini Ebomvu, lokhu kuyizilwane ezisengozini. Ukwehla okusheshayo kwenani lezinyoni ezingandile kwenzeke ezizukulwaneni ezintathu ezedlule, ngokuya ngesilinganiso esandayo sokulahleka kwendawo.

UPhilippine ukhozi ungenye yezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingandile emhlabeni.

Izinyathelo Zokulondolozwa Kokhozi lwasePhilippines

IPhilippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi) ivikelwe ngumthetho ePhilippines. Ukuhwebelana kwamazwe aphesheya kanye nokuthunyelwa kwezinyoni kukhawulelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza lweCITES. Ukuze kuvikeleke ukhozi olungandile, imizamo eyahlukahlukene iye yadluliselwa phambili, okubandakanya ukwamukelwa komthetho ovimbela ukulandela kanye nokuvikela izidleke, ucwaningo, imikhankaso yokuqwashisa umphakathi, kanye namaphrojekthi wokufuya abathunjiweyo.

Umsebenzi wezemvelo wenziwa ezindaweni eziningana ezivikelwe, kubandakanya i-Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park eLuzon, Kitanglad MT, kanye namapaki emvelo eMindanao. KunePhilippine Eagle Foundation, esebenza eDavao, eMindanao futhi yengamela imizamo yokuzalela, ukulawula nokulondoloza izinkumbi zasendle zePhilippine Eagle. Isikhwama sisebenzela ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokukhiqiza kabusha inyoni enqabile yezinyamazane. Ukulima ngokushona nokushiswa kulawulwa yimithetho yendawo. Ama-patrols aluhlaza asetshenziselwa ukuvikela izindawo zokuhlala zasehlathini. Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngocwaningo oluthe xaxa mayelana nokusatshalaliswa, ubuningi, izidingo zemvelo nokusongela ezinhlotsheni ezingandile.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Habitat halo

Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, iziqhingi zasePhilippine zazimbozwe ngokuphelele emahlathini emvula. Kwakungumbuso wezilwane nezinyoni, futhi ukhozi lwasePhilippine lwaluzizwa luhle kakhulu lapha. Kwakukhona inyamazane eyanele ehlathini kuwo wonke umuntu.

Ukhozi ngesinyamazane

Kodwa-ke, konke sekuguqukile manje. Cishe i-80% yehlathi lemvula ePhilippines liyabhujiswa. Ihlathi ligotshwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokwakha, bese izindawo ezisetshenziselwa ukugibela zisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezintsha, noma okulinyelwe umhlaba wezolimo. Konke lokhu kunomthelela ekutheni indawo yokuhlala kwalezi zinyoni incishiswe kakhulu. Ngempela, ukuze ukhozi lwasePhilippine luthathe ngokukhululekile ukudla kwalo, lidinga okungenani amakhilomitha angama-50 endawo.

Umhlahlandlela we-Harpy Monkey Eater

Kusukela ngo-1960, ukhozi lwasePhilippines belungaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso, khona-ke kwavela izinhlelo zokuqala zokongiwa kwale nyoni engavamile. Kwezinye iziqhingi, izinkozi zisaqhubeka nokuphila ngenkululeko, kepha isibalo sazo asikhuphuki.

Esiqhingini saseMindanao, esake saba yisiphephelo esiyinhloko sokhozi lwasePhilippines, sekwakhiwe indawo lapho kungagcini khona abantu abakhona kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinyoni ezilimele eziwe esidlekeni samachwane ziyaluswa. Ukukhanyiselwa kuyenziwa phakathi kwezakhamizi zasePhilippine Islands ngesidingo sokugcina okhozi. Abahlali bendawo bathola umvuzo wemali, okuthi, sebethole isidleke sokhozi, bawuthathe baphethe.

Ukhozi oluthunjiwe

Ziyamvikela kubalimi nakubazingeli.Inkinga ukuthi izinkozi zasePhilippine azizaleli ekudingisweni, ngakho-ke yonke imizamo yokuyigcina ihlose, okokuqala, ukuvikela indawo yayo. Kepha, nokho, ukufa kwezinyoni kuze kube manje kudlula konke ukubikezela okungenathemba.

Njengoba sesiqale ukukhuluma ngokufa kwezilwane, futhi lokhu, ngeshwa, kulindwe umnikazi ngamunye wezilwane ezifuywayo, sifuna ukukhuluma ngesiza esinikezelwe kumngcwabo wezilwane eKiev. Kuyo ungaba, uma ungumhlali wenhloko-dolobha, ungcwaba isilwane sakho ngezinga lokungcwatshwa komuntu. Isiza sizokusiza ngawo wonke amalungiselelo, sinqume endaweni esemathuneni ezifuywayo, noma, ngesicelo sabanikazi, sikusize ekushisweni komzimba.

Futhi khumbula - sinesibopho salabo abaye bathambisa!