Ama-cichlid aseMalawi angachazwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: enhle, enemibala, kepha enolaka, engabekezeleli omakhelwane futhi bebulalana. Kodwa ama-aquarists amaningi, naphezu kwakho konke, aqala futhi awadonsa ngokudoba ezinye izinhlobo.

Ingabe akhona ama-cichlid anokuthula? Yebo, izinhlanzi ezinjalo zikhona ngempela, futhi uhlobo lubizwa ngokuthi yiPseudotropheus spec. I-'Acei 'noma i-Gefirochromis Moore noma, njengoba abathengisi beyibiza nge- "pseudotrophy ake."

Kungani i-gephyrochromis kaMoore ingajwayelekile?

Uma siqhathanisa i-gefirochromis ne-cornflower haplochromis, okuyintandokazi yabasolwandle abaningi, eyokugcina izoba nethuba elilodwa kuphela - umbala omuhle owesilisa omkhulu. Kepha i-gefirochromis inezinye izimfanelo ezinhle: umlingiswa othanda ukuthula, ukuzithoba ekunakekelweni, umbala omuhle womzimba, amaphesenti amahle okusinda phakathi kwama-fry, inzalo enhle kakhulu nombala ogcwele kwabesifazane.

Kungani iPseudotropheus spec. I-'Acei 'ifunwa kancane? Isizathu sonke ukuthi i-fry ihlala inconspicuous isikhathi eside. Ukuze ube nombala okhangayo ezinhlanzini, adinga ukukhula ngeminyaka aze abe izinyanga ezingama-4-6. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abavuthiwe bagcina umbala okhangayo wokuphila. Kuthengiswa ikakhulu izinhlanzi zohlelo lombala ofanayo - umbala we-lilac womzimba namachaphaza aphuzi aluhlaza.

I-Gephyrochromis Moore (Gephyrochromis moorii, Yellow tailed violet cichlid)

Umndeni: ama-cichlid (Cichlidae)

Incazelo yangaphandle: IGefirochromis Mura yinhlanzi egqamile kahle, yize ubukhulu nokugquma kombala kungakhanyi. Umbala oyinhloko yisiliva; umucu obanzi ophuzi ugijimela ekhanda nakuyo iphrofayili yangemuva. Umbala wesifazane unesizotha futhi uncane ngosayizi.

Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo: inhlanzi igcwele eLake Malawi

Ubukhulu: ubukhulu besilisa buyi-15 cm, insikazi ayikhuli ngaphezu kuka-10 cm

Isendlalelo seHabitat: njengezinye izinhlobo zama-cichlids, izama ukuhlala ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi neziphakathi

Ukuziphatha: Ukuziphatha okuzolile impela, kepha kuphendula ngesihluku izinhlanzi ezinombala ofanayo okhanyayo. Inhlanzi yohlobo lwe-harem ngeduna ngalinye kufanele ibe nezinsikazi okungenani ezintathu

Ukuhlelwa kwe-aquarium: umthamo omncane we-aquarium ungamalitha angama-200, ubude bungama-120 cm okungenani, lokhu kwanele eqenjini lezinhlanzi ezi-4. I-aquarium idinga ukufakelwa imihlobiso ehlukahlukene yokwakha okokukhosela, kungcono ukuthi kube khona kwamatshe amatshe, isihlabathi sifanelwe kangcono njengomhlabathi

Amapharamitha Amanzi: lokushisa 23-28ºC, pH 7.5-8.5, dGH 10-25 °

Umsoco: in a aquarium kukhona omnivorous, udinga ukondla okuhlukahlukene

Ukuzalela: kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu ngokuzalanisa le nhlanzi, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kuyafana ngokuzalanisa amanye ama-cichlids kuleli qembu. Kunoma ikuphi, isihluthulelo sokubukeka kwamafry sizoba ukuthi izinhlanzi zigcinwa kanjani, ukuthi i-aquarium ifakwe kanjani nokuthi inamalini. Amathuba wokuqhamuka nokusinda kwezingane kukhuphuka ngokwanda kwevolumu ye-aquarium

Qaphela: Kuyathakazelisa okuqukethwe inhlanzi, kepha kuyadingeka kakhulu kuzo zonke izici zokunakekelwa, kusukela ekuhlelweni nasenthwini le-aquarium, kuya ekondleni nasekuzalweni. Kunconywe kuphela ama-aquarists anesipiliyoni kakhulu. Ezindaweni zasemanzini, lokhu kuyinhlobo eyinqaba yama-cichlid, cishe ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi uhlangane nenhlanzi enjalo ekuthengisweni okujwayelekile

Ividiyo (Gephyrochromis moorii, Yellow tailed violet cichlid):

I-Pseudotrophy akei - inkampani yama-amateur

Into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi i-pseudotrophy ake ingumhlambi we-cichlod. Kuyiqiniso, noma yiziphi izinhlanzi zingenziwa ukuba ziphile e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kepha kaningi kunalokho, lokhu kuguquka kube "yi-collectivism othomane ngokuzithandela." Futhi kulokhu, okuhlukile kuyiqiniso. Lezi zinhlanzi aziqukethe ngazimbili noma ziodwa. "I-Akey" ngentokozo enkulu iqoqana amaphakethe.

Umhlambi ubhukuda usuka ekhoneni uye ekhoneni le-aquarium ngemuva kowesilisa ovelele, ubukhulu bawo bukhulu kakhulu kunobabanye abantu. Imihlambi emikhulu, enezinhlanzi eziyi-10-12, ibhukuda, ayihlukanisiwe nesikole kude. Kuliqiniso, kunobunzima obuthile ekunqumeni ubulili, kepha ngesipiliyoni ungakufunda lokhu. Kunconywa ukuthenga okungenani abantu aba-5, futhi esimeni esihle kunazo zonke, 8-10, nezinhlanzi ezimbalwa ezinosayizi abakhulu. Kulokhu, ukuba khona kwabesilisa kuzoqinisekiswa.

Lezi zinhlanzi azilwi phakathi kwazo ukuze kulimale ukulimala okungaphezulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho akukho miphumela ebulalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlobo ayilimazi ezinye izinhlanzi. Banganikeza ukuphinda okuhle, noma baphambuke empini, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yisithunzi sabo. Isibonelo, abesilisa be- "ake" bangahlanganyela empini nama-cornyflower afanayo we-cocky.

Unganciphisa kanjani izinga lokuhlukumezeka kwama-cichlids ase-Afrika

Kukhona amathiphu okusiza ukwehlisa ukuxhashazwa kwezinswelaboya zase-Afrika:

• Izinhlanzi ezihlosiwe zingatshalwa ku-aquarium. Kepha le ndlela ngeke ibizwe ngokuthi yi-humane, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngeke ikwazi ukumelana nabaphikisi, futhi uma ingashiywanga ngemuva, izokufa. Ngisho nenhlanzi eqinile neyaguga efana nephephelo elibomvu ayikwazi ukubhekana nama-cichlid,
• Faka izinhlanzi zeminye imindeni ku-aquarium ezophazamisa ama-aggressors, afana ne-bots noma imbobo yemvula. Kepha kulokhu, ukuphulwa kwe-biotope yase-Afrika kwephuliwe futhi umphumela uba yi-eclecticism,
• Yenza "uvumelane kahle", okungukuthi, wandise inani eliphelele lezakhamuzi ze-aquarium. Le ndlela inzima kakhulu, kepha uma konke kusebenza, izophumelela kakhulu. Njengoba kungekho bungozi bokuthi kudotshwe izinhlanzi ngokweqile, ungakha iqoqo lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, i-aquarium iba ngcono ngokwengeziwe. Kepha kunezinkinga ezithile: kufanele kufakwe amanzi esikhundleni se-masse futhi kunesidingo sokufaka isihlungi esinamandla esizocubungula amavolumu angama-5- 10 ngehora.

Izimo ezijwayelekile zokugcina u- “ake”

Ngomhlambi wabantu abangu-7 000 we-gefirochromisa khetha i-aquarium yamalitha angama-180-200. Amapharamitha wamanzi kufanele ahambisane nemingcele yeLake Malawi: izinga lokushisa 25 degrees 25, ph 7.5 kanye ne-gH 10-20. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingekile ukuthi kube nenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokukhosela.

Ama-cichlid atholiswa ngokudla okubukhoma, ukuxuba okwomile okusezingeni eliphakeme, ukudla kwasolwandle okugayiwe, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kudliwa ngemifino, ngokwesibonelo, isipinashi kanye no-ulethisi. Kulokhu, inhlanzi ihlala izingqimba ezingenhla futhi iqoqe ukudla okuvela ebusweni. Ama-Akei athambekele okusheshayo lapho enikwa ukudla okwomile. Zimela abantu abaningana lapho isihlungi siletha khona okuphakelayo, bese isikhathi eside sihlunga amanzi. Yini ephawuleka, ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi, izinhlanzi zezinye izinhlobo zingathatha isibonelo ku-akei futhi zenze okufanayo.

Lezi zinhlanzi ziqubuka emanzini ajwayelekile. Isikhathi sokuzalela asithintwa yisikhathi sonyaka. Amaqanda kowesifazane oyedwa angaba ukusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-50. Ngokungafani nabaseMalawi abaningi, i-pseudotrophaeus akey ine-caviar emhlophe, emhlophe njenge-semolina.

Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, i-fry panele encane ikhipha ku-caviar encane kangako; incane izikhathi ezi-2 kunezebra Fry. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye bathuthukisa ngendlela efanayo, futhi akukho okusalele emuva ekukhuleni.

Incazelo

Abantu abadala bafinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-7 000. Izinhlanzi zinomzimba omkhulu ocindezelwe ukusuka ezinhlangothini zesimo se-oval. Abesilisa bakhulu futhi banombala ogqamile. Imibala empunga ihlanganiswa nephuzi, lapho kudwetshwa khona isisu namaphini. Lezi zokugcina zinomngcele ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka owengeziwe. Izinsikazi zincanyana ngosayizi, umbala oyinhloko ungwevu, amaphiko anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bobabili ubulili bane ichashaza elimnyama phakathi komzimba; kwabesifazane, kuvela enye indawo lapho kuqhekeka phansi komsila.

Umsoco

Ukudla kwenhlanzi okungabekezeleleki. E-aquarium yasekhaya, kuzothathwa okuphakelayo okuthandwa kakhulu, okufana nokolweni owomile, amagreyi, amaphilisi, kanye nezinhlayiya zegazi, isiphazili, i-brine shrimp ngendlela ebukhoma, eqandisiwe noma engaphansi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi okuphakelayo kuqukethe inani elithile lezakhi zesitshalo.

Ubukhulu obulungile be-aquarium ngenhlanzi eyodwa noma ezimbili buqala kusuka kumalitha angama-80. Lapho igcinwa ndawonye nezinye izinhlobo, kudingeka idamu elikhudlwana. Umhlobiso ulula, kwanele ukusebenzisa isihlabathi nesigratshana esingaphansi komhlaba kanye nezigxobo eziningana ngesimo samagatsha noma izimpande zesihlahla, lapho kwakhiwa khona indawo yokukhosela.
Emvelweni, ama-Tsikhlazoms anokuthula ahlala emifuleni equkethe inani elikhulu lamaminerali ancibilikile, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kwamanzi ngamanzi kunamanani aphezulu we-dGH ne-pH okumele avuselelwe futhi agcinwe ku-aquarium. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-aeration eyengeziwe, isibonelo, usebenzisa iphampu, futhi eqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi - uhlobo lokulingisa kokugeleza komfula. Ukulungiswa njalo kuqukethe izinqubo eziningana ezijwayelekile: ukushintshwa kwamasonto onke kwengxenye yamanzi (15-20% wevolumu) ngokusha, ukususwa kokungcola okuphathekayo (imfucumfucu yokudla, indle), ukuvimbela imishini, ukuhlolwa kwamanzi ukuba khona kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen (nitrites, nitrate, ammonia) futhi njll.

Ukuziphatha kanye nokuvumelana

Ngentshiseko gada insimu yabo izimbangi, okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza kwabesilisa, ngakho-ke ku-aquarium encane kufanelekile ukugcina umuntu oyedwa noma umbhangqwana wobulili obuhlukile. Amathangi amakhulu, ayahambisana namanye amaCichlid aseMelika Ephakathi, uma nje ngalinye linendawo eyanele futhi ngeke livame ukuhlangana. Bangakwazi ukuhlangana kahle nezinhlanzi ezihlala eduze kwamanzi noma kwikholamu yamanzi. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izinhlanzi ezithandwayo eziphila bukhoma ezinjengeGuppy ne-Alfaro turquoise, kanye neTetra yaseMexico exotic.

Ukuzalela / Ukuzalela

Ukucwilisa kulula. Izinhlanzi zikhetha ukukhetha umlingani, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi akwanele ukuhlalisa owesilisa nowesifazane abavuthiwe kanyekanye, ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa cishe abakwazi ukubekezelela ubukhona bomuntu osendaweni yabo. Iqembu lezinhlanzi ezisencane kufanele likhule ndawonye futhi ngenxa yalokho kungaba nokwakhiwa ngamabili noma amabili, ahlala ethembekile komunye nomunye isikhathi eside.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, insikazi ibekela amaqanda afinyelela kuma-200 futhi ithathe umthwalo wokunakekela nokuvikela ukubumbana. Okwamadoda njengamanje 'ahambahamba' endaweni ezungeze insimu yawo, axoshe noma ngubani odala ingozi.
Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesinye isikhathi sithatha izinsuku ezi-4, ngemuva kwesinye isonto ukuthosa liqale ukubhukuda ngokukhululekile. Owesifazane uyaqhubeka nokuzivikela amasonto athile amaningi, sonke lesi sikhathi izingane zihlala eduze kwakhe.

Isifo sezinhlanzi

Imbangela enkulu yezifo ilele ezimeni zokuboshwa, uma zidlulela ngalolu banga oluvumelekile, khona-ke akunakucindezelwa kokungatheleleki futhi inhlanzi iba sematheni kokutheleleka okuhlukahlukene okungabikhona emvelweni. Uma kunokusola kokuqala ukuthi inhlanzi iyagula, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubheka izinhlaka zamanzi kanye nobukhona bokugxila okuyingozi kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen. Ukubuyisela izimo ezijwayelekile / ezifanele kuvame ukuba nomthelela ekwelapheni. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, umuthi awukwazi ukusatshalaliswa. Ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngezimpawu nokwelashwa, bheka isigaba se-Aquarium Fish Diseases.

Ulwazi oluvamile

IHaplochromis luhlobo lwenhlanzi oluhlotshiswe ngemisebe oluqhamuka emndenini wakwaCikhlov. Ukwakheka kwaleli qembu elinamandla kubukezwa njalo ngosomatekisi futhi kuhlale kushintsha. Kepha izinhlanzi ngokwesiko ziyaqhubeka nokubizwa ngokuthi "haplochromis", ngisho nangemva kokukhishwa kuhlobo.

Zonke izinhlobo zitholakala kuLwandle Olukhulu lwase-Afrika. Bahlala endaweni enamadwala futhi ngokuyinhloko baphila impilo yokuphinga. Zibonakaliswa ngokwanda komhlaba. Uyakwazi ukunqwabelana nezinhlobo ezihlobene eduze nokwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-hybrid, ezibuye zenze kube nzima ukufundwa kweqembu lilonke. Awehlukile ngobunzima ekunakekelweni kwesondlo, kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ngokwengeziwe ukwakheka kwe-aquarium kanye nokukhethwa komakhelwane.

Ukubukeka

Umumo womzimba uphakeme, umlingiswa wama-cichlids amaningi ase-Afrika. Ikhanda likhombe, ngamehlo amakhulu. Izinhlanzi ziyaqabukela zikhula ngaphezu kuka-16 cm ubude. Amaphiko akhule kahle (ikakhulukazi emadodeni), i-anal ijwayelekile ukuba nombala ogqamile futhi inamabala. I-Caudal fin engahlukaniswanga, inxantathu ngesimo.

Umbala wehluke kakhulu futhi kuye ngezinhlobo ezithile. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezigqamile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cornflower haplochromis), kepha zitholakala kunothingo, ophuzi, obomvu cishe nombala omnyama. Imivimbo noma izikhala eziguqukayo kungenzeka zibe khona emzimbeni. Abesifazane bavame ukuba nesizotha kakhulu kunabesilisa. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, imibala yokugcwaliswa kwabesilisa kubesilisa ikhuphuka kakhulu.

Isikhathi sokuphila singaba yiminyaka engama-8-10.

Habitat

IHaplochromis itholakala kuphela emanzini oLwandle Olukhulu lwase-Afrika. Leli qembu lezidumbu zamanzi lenziwa ngenxa yomsebenzi we-tectonic futhi limelela ukuqhekeka okujulile ekuqhekekeni komhlaba okugcwele amanzi. Iningi lezinhlanzi ligcinwa ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-25 emngceleni phakathi kwesihlabathi nesihlabathi esinamadwala. Izinhlanzi ngokuyizisulu ezidla ezinye zidla ezinye izinhlanzi, ngokuyinhloko i-Fry of Mbuna cichlids. Ukucasha emifantweni yamatshe.

I-Cornflower eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma iJackson (Sciaenochromis fryeri)

I-Endemic to Lake Malawi. Ubukhulu bufika ku-16 cm. Abesilisa bapeyinti ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemivimbo emnyama engu-9-12. I-anal fin ingahluka ngombala kusuka emzimbeni: kusuka ophuzi kuya kobomvu. Abesifazane bampunga, kepha ngesikhathi sokukhula kokuqhuma kungavela izinhlangothi zomzimba. Izimbali zommbila ezihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli chibi zinendawo eyinqaba enomngcele omhlophe obonakalayo; enyakatho, ayikho.

IHaplochromis cornflower eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

I-Nie audi (Haplochromis nyererei)

Ihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeLake Victoria. Ubukhulu bomzimba abudluli ku-8 cm. Amadoda amakhulu aqhakazile kunabesifazane: ingxenye engenhla yomzimba i-orange egqamile, ingaphansi ligcwele okwesibhakabhaka nenemisho eshintshashintshayo ephuzi namnyama. Kuma-anal fin kunezindawo ezimbalwa eziphuzi, amaphiko we-ventral apendwe mnyama. Izinsikazi zingamashele, zinamaphiko aqhakazile nomsila kanye nemidwesho emnyama emi mpo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi ezihluke kancane ephethini lomzimba. Igama linikezwa bona igama lesiqhingi esiseduze nalapho izinhlanzi zihlala khona (ngokwesibonelo, iHaplochromis nyererei "Makobe").

Inhlanzi ezolile engene namanye ama-cichlids.

Haplochromis nireri

ILivingston (iNimbochromis livestonii)

Izinhlobo ezisabalele eLake Malawi. I-cichlid enkulu, ingafinyelela ku-25 cm ubude. Isisulu sokuqapha. Indlela yokuzingela ayifani neze: i-cichlid yenza sengathi ifile futhi ilele phansi kuze kube yilapho inhlanzi encane elahlekile ukubhukuda edlule. Umbala oyisisekelo womzimba uhluka kusuka kwesiliva kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amabala amakhulu wesimo esingajwayelekile asakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Umuntu ngamunye unendlela yakhe eyingqayizivele. Amawashi avame ukuba nomngcele obomvu noma owolintshi.

IHaplochromis (Nimbochromis) Livingston

Ama-Obliquid (ama-Haplochromis obliquidens)

Ihlala ezingxenyeni ezinamadwala eLake Victoria. Amadoda akhula aze afike ku-12 cm, izinsikazi zincanyana, ubukhulu bazo abudluli ku-8 cm. Umbala omkhulu womzimba uluhlaza okotshani, onemivimbo emnyama eshintshashintshayo. Inhloko imvamisa nge-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaphiko angaba ngombala obomvu. Abesifazane nabancane banombala onesizotha nangokwengeziwe - isilinganiso sabo sinombala onsundu ngombala. Ngohlobo lokudla - ama-omnivores.

I-Bozulu (Cyrustocara boadzulu)

Izinhlobo lezi zihlala eLake Malawi, ikakhulukazi eduze kwaseBoazulu Island. Kubhalwe ku-Red Red International. Ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm. Abesilisa baboniswa ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ongaphambili lomzimba, emuva kuyinto ebomvu-orenji. Amanoni angwevu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onomkhawulo ohlukile okhanyayo ku-dorsal fin. Kuze kube yimicu emide engu-10 emnyama eguqukayo ingavela ezinhlangothini. Izinsikazi zipinki zesiliva, enemivimbo emibili emnyama emzimbeni.

I-Long-Nosed (Dimidiochromis compressiceps)

Enye yama-cichlid asekuqaleni kweLake Malawi. Umzimba uphakama, uthambile kusuka ezinhlangothini, ikhanda lihlala cishe isigamu somzimba. Ubukhulu ku-aquarium abudluli ku-15 cm.Abesilisa banombala ocwebezelayo onama-metallic sheen nama-emerald fins. Amabala egolide atholakala kwi-dorsal ne-anal fin. Izinsikazi zinombala onesizotha: Imivimbo ephuzi elilodwa noma amabili aluka emzimbeni wesilvery. Izinhlanzi ezolile kakhulu, kepha zigcina ngentshiseko insimu yayo. Inomkhuba wokuhlasela izinto ezicwebezelayo, nokulwa nomakhelwane - emehlweni esitha, okuyilapho itholile igama elithi "odla iso". Umhlaseli ojwayelekile, ukudla okuphezulu kwamaprotheni kuyadingeka.

I-Haplochromis (demidochromis) enezinombolo ezinde

UBrown (Astatotilapia brownie)

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le nhlanzi iLake Victoria. Ihlala emanzini angajulile ogwini. Ema-aquariums akhula aze afike ku-10 cm cm. Umbala ukhanya kakhulu: ku-corpus luteum inemivimbo emnyama ehlukahlukene. I-dorsal fin inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ngaphezulu okubomvu. I-caudal fin ibomvu; izindawo ezimbili noma ezintathu ze-orange zitholakala ku-anal fin. Ikhanda nesifuba nge-tint eblue. Izinsikazi ziyizicucu, ezinamaphiko asobala. Kuboniswa umlingisi we-cocky, kepha ngokuzithoba kubhekisele kwizitshalo ezinamafutha kanzima. Igcinwa kangcono emihlambini enkulwaneni yezinhlanzi zasolwandle.

I-Cadango (Copadichromis borleyi)

Ihlala eLake Malawi. Kungokweqembu le-Utak - ama-cichlid, ahlala emanzini avulekile futhi adla kakhulu kwi-zooplankton. Ihlukaniswa ngesimo sayo sokuthula. Izinhlanzi zihlala ezikoleni ezinkulu zabantu abangafika kumakhulu amaningana. I-cichlid enkulu, ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm cm. Umzimba ubude, unekhanda elikhulu elikhombe. Imihlathi yakhelwe kahle ukuthi kungenzeka ukugwinya izingxenye ezinkulu zamanzi ngeplankton ngesikhathi sokudla. Kunokwehluka kombala okuningana. Okuthandwa kakhulu yifomu elinomzimba obomvu, amaphiko aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nekhanda. Kuma-anal wokugcina kunezindawo ezimbalwa eziphuzi. Izinsikazi nezinsizwa azifani ngombala ogqamile futhi zibonakaliswa ngumzimba we-silvery namaphiko aphuzi. Ukudla kumele kufake okuphakelayo nge-spirulina.

I-Haplochromis (Copadichromis) cadango

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Kungcono ukugcina ama-haplochromis ngamabili noma ama-harem amancane lapho izinsikazi ezi-3-4 zesilisa ngamunye. Akunconyelwe ukutshala abesilisa ndawonye, ​​lokhu kungavusa ukuxabana njalo kwensimu. Umthamo omncane wokulungiswa unamalitha angama-200. I-aquarium kufanele ifakwe ngesivalo, ngoba inhlanzi ingagxuma ngokuphepha emanzini.

Njengomhlabathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi noma amatshe ayigugu amahle kakhulu. Amatshe emvelo azobukeka kahle e-aquarium, lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona izakhiwo ezinamazinga amaningi. Kuyadingeka ukwakha inani elikhulu lezindawo zokukhosela lapho abantu ababuthakathaka bangaphephela khona.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlela ukuhlunga okusebenzayo nokuthambisa - udinga isihlungi sangaphandle nekhomputha ephezulu.

Kuyadingeka futhi nokushintsha okufika kuma-30% wevolumu yamanzi e-aquarium masonto onke. IHaplochromis ithanda amanzi alukhuni futhi alkaline kancane.

Amapharamitha afanele wokuqukethwe: T = 23-28 ° C, pH = 7.2-8.8, GH = 10-18.

Ukuvumelana

Kuhle kakhulu okugcinwe ku-aquarium yezinhlobo. Njengomakhelwane, amanye ama-haplochromis kanye nabanye abamele ama-cichlids eqembu leMbuna (labidochromis, labotrophaeus) kufanelekile. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi noma yiziphi izinhlanzi ezingalingana ne-haplochromis emlonyeni wayo kungenzeka ukuthi zidliwe, ngakho-ke i-cohabitation nezinhlobo ezincane ayikhishwa. Abaluleki ukuthi ukutshala ama-haplochromis kuma-aulonocars - iziteleka zivame kakhulu ukuvela. Ukunciphisa ulaka, kunconywa umthamo omkhulu we-aquarium, inani elanele lezindawo zokukhosela nokugcina ukwakheka okuhle kocansi.

I-Haplochromis ku-aquarium ejwayelekile

Ukondla Nge-Haplochromis

Okuphakelayo haplochromis okuphakelayo okwomile okusezingeni eliphakeme. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi inhlanzi ithola zonke izakhamzimba namavithamini adingekayo, futhi ukutheleleka noma izinambuzane azingeni e-aquarium, okungenzeka uma usebenzisa ukudla okubukhoma.

Iningi le-haplochromis elixakile lingabadli, ngakho-ke lidinga ukudla okuphezulu kwamaprotheni. Kufanele unake umugqa wokuphakelwa kwamaJalimane iTetra Cichlid. Zenzelwe ukubheka izidingo zomsoco zama-cichlids, zidliwe kahle futhi zimunwa. Ngokuya ngosayizi wezinhlanzi, ungahlala ezintanjeni (iTetra Cichlid Stick), okusanhlamvu (iTetra Cichlid XL Flakes) noma ama-granules (Tetra Cichlid Granules).

Okuphakelayo haplochromis kangcono izikhathi 2-3 ngosuku. Ezinhlanzini ezilambile, ulaka olubhekiswa komakhelwane luyanda.

Ukuzalela nokuzalela

Ukuzala i-haplochromis inqubo elula. Ku-aquarium yezinhlobo zezitshalo, kungenzeka noma ngaphandle kosizo lwe-aquarist. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuqhekeka kwenzeka njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sasehlobo). Isisusa kungaba ushintsho nsuku zonke lwamaphesenti ayi-10 amanzi e-aquarium kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa libe ngu-20 ° C. Iduna lenza isidleke, njengomthetho, eduze kwetshe elikhulu futhi limema insikazi lapho. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, insikazi iqoqa amaqanda emlonyeni wayo, lapho ifukiselwa khona amasonto ama-2-3. Ukuzala kungaba ngamaqanda angama-70.

Ama-haplochromis amancane anombala onesizotha

Ukuze usinde ngenani elilingana nefry, kunconywa ukubeka insikazi ku-aquarium ehlukile ye-spawning (okungenani amalitha angama-80) kuze kube yilapho lowesifazane ekhipha omncane. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingalahlwa.

Ukuthomba kweHaplochromis kwenzeka eneminyaka engaba unyaka.