Amapigogo (lat * Izinyoni

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Umhlobiso oyinhloko nokuziqhenya kwethanga kungumsila walo ophefumulayo. Yize kunokushintshwa okuncane. Esikuphathele umsila empeleni kuthuthukiswe izimpaphe zokucasha. Nakhu ukuthi kanjani. Kepha akuzona zonke lezimanga.

Ama-peacocks (lat.Pavo) (i-Peacock yesiNgisi)

Uma ubheka amapiki, ungacabanga ukuthi le nhlobo yezinyoni inezinhlobo eziningi, ngakho-ke ingahluka ngemibala nangendlela eyakheke ngayo. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Emajukeni Peacocks (lat. Pavo) kunezinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela: ipikoko elijwayelekile (I-Pavo cristatus) nepikokoyi eluhlaza (Pavo muticus) Ukuhlukaniswa okuncane kwepigogo yeCongo noma yama-Afrika (Afropavo congensis), okuyisiphithiphithi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika futhi kungokwalabo abasebenza ngokuthula bamaCongo. Kunokwehluka okukhulu phakathi kwalezi zakhi zofuzo ezimbili, eziziveza kokubukeka nangokuzala.

Zonke ezinye izinhlobonhlobo ngokubonakala kwamathanga angumphumela nje wokukhetha imibala okuhlukahlukene kwepikoko elivamile, kufaka phakathi ipikoko elimhlophe.

Ipikoko elimhlophe

Lolu ulwazi olujwayelekile. Manje ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngizazi kangcono zonke izinhlobo zezilwane.

1. Iphikhethi ojwayelekile noma waseNdiya (lat. Pavo cristatus)

Lolu hlobo lwatholakala okokuqala ngo-1758 nguKarl Linnaeus. Waqanjwa ngokuthi yiNdiya ngenxa yendawo ahlala kuyo - amahlathi emvula nehlathi laseNdiya, eSri Lanka nasePakistan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inelinye igama - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi konke ngenxa yokuthi ikhanda lakhe, intamo nengxenye yesifuba sakhe kupende ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umhlane uluhlaza futhi phansi komzimba kumnyama. Izinsikazi zincanyana futhi azikhanyisi kangako. Futhi, abanalo “msila” we-chic onikezwe imvelo abesilisa.

I-peacock ejwayelekile noma yamaNdiya (lat.Pavo cristatus)

Abesilisa banobukhulu obulandelayo: ubude bomzimba - 100-120 cm, umsila - 40-50 cm, nezimpaphe ezingaphezulu zokumboza ze-suprahawl (yona kanye “umsila” we-chic) - amasentimitha ayi-120-160. .

ENdiya, futhi ngokujwayelekile phakathi kwamaHindu, ipikoko libhekwa njengenyoni engcwele ngakho-ke livunyelwe ukuhamba nomaphi lapho lifisa khona. Udla ngokungesabi izindawo zokuhlala kanye nasemasimini erayisi. Kepha umakhelwane onjalo ungabekezelelwa kuphela yilabo abathanda futhi bahlonipha le nyoni, ngoba, ngaphandle kobuhle bayo, ukucula kwabo ngeke kubizwe njengezwi elimnandi. Imvamisa, ukukhala okubhoboza okubukhali kuzwakala ebusuku, okungabethusa kakhulu izivakashi ezingazijwayele.

Crest

Imvamisa izingoma zabo zingazwakala ngaphambi kokuduma kwezulu noma ukuqala kwenkathi yemvula, bese kuthi uma kunetha lemvula baqale imidlalo yokuzalelisa, lapho abesilisa ngentokozo bakhombisa abesifazane konke abanakho. Ngenxa yalokho, kuvela ukuthi ukukhala kwabo ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu kuxhumene nemvula. Ngakho-ke, abanye abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezingcwele zivimbela imvula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlathini, ipigogo liyisihluthulelo esiyisihluthulelo mayelana nendlela yezilwane ezinkulu ezidlayo. Bebabona bekude, bahlala kahle emthini, baqala ukukhipha amasiginali ashaqisayo.

Ama-peacocks futhi angabavikeli bezinyoka abahle kakhulu. Kude kude nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, bayakujabulela ukuzingela ama-cobras amancane. Okuyilapho abantu bendawo bebathanda kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwezinyoka, zidla ngembewu, izingxenye eziluhlaza, izimpande nezithelo zezitshalo, kanye nezicabucabu ezahlukahlukene, izinambuzane nama-amphibians amancane.

Lapho kuqala inkathi yemvula, amapikoko aba nesikhathi sokukhwelana (Ephreli-Septhemba). Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uqala ukuhlela umdanso wokuphelelisa ngaphambi kowesifazane, futhi wenza ngokungathi uyazi konke ukuheha kwakhe nokungathandeki.

Akagijimeli ntokazi, kodwa kancane kancane usabalalisa “umsila” wakhe bese uqala ukuwanyakazisa, ngasikhathi sinye abasayinise izincazelo zowesifazane. Ngalesi sikhathi, wenza sengathi ngeke ambone futhi uyaqhubeka nokwenza ibhizinisi lakhe. Lapho-ke owesilisa ubesefulathela. Lokhu kuziphatha kwendoda ebonakalayo akumlingani kahle futhi kufanele azungeze owesilisa. Uyaphenduka kuye futhi. Futhi ngakho-ke kuqhubeka njalo kuze kube yilapho ipikokoyikazi lowesifazane (Kwi) limnika imvume yokudala umbhangqwana.

Umdanso womshado Ngemuva kwepigogo

Imidanso yabesilisa phambi kwabesifazane abaningi. Sekukonke, kufinyelela kwabangu-5 abantu besifazane abangaba kumfazi wakhe. Ngamunye wabo ubeka esidlekeni, ngesimo somgodi omncane, ukusuka emaqanda amane kuya kwayi-10. Ekuthunjweni, angenza imfuhlumfuhlu emithathu ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-28, amaphuphu ayadonsa. Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-1.5, eyeduna ifana kakhulu nowesifazane, izimpaphe ezinde zomsila omude ziqala ukukhula kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-3.

2. I-Peacock eluhlaza noma yeJavanese (lat. Pavo muticus)

Olunye uhlobo lwamapigogo ase-Eshiya. Ihlala eSoutheast Asia, endaweni evela engxenyeni esenyakatho-nasempumalanga yeNdiya iye entshonalanga neMalaysia cishe. Java

Ipikoko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma isiJavanese (lat.Pavo muticus)

Ihlukahluka ngepikoko evamile ngombala nosayizi. Ipigogo eliluhlaza likhulu ngandlela-thile. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2-2,5, ubude bezimpaphe ezingaphezulu komsila buyi-140-160 cm. Umbala uluhlaza ogqamile ngombala obunjwe ngezinsimbi, obomvu nokuphuzi amabala esifubeni. Imilenze yinde, futhi ikhanda lihlotshiswe ngohlobo oluncane lwezimpaphe zoboya ngokuphelele. Izwi lakhe alilukhali futhi alinamsindo njengalelo lomfowabo.

Amaphara angabesilisa nabesifazane amaJavanese

Inani lepikoko eluhlaza lilincane kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ukwehla okukhethekile kwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20. Manje sekuvikelwe futhi kufakwa kwiNcwadi Elubomvu Yomhlaba wonke ngaphansi kwesimo sokuba “sengozini”. Kuwuphawu lukazwelonke lwaseMyanmar.

Owesifazane

Abesilisa banolaka olukhulu maqondana namanye amapikili nabanye abamele umndeni we-pheasant. Ngakho-ke, bayalulekwa ukuba bagcinwe endaweni yezindiza ehlukile. Bangaziphonsa kubantu, ikakhulukazi uma benquma ukuthi abesifazane babo basengozini. Kulokhu, ukuzalaniswa kwalezi zinyoni ekudingisweni kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi oyinkinga.

3. I-peacock yaseCongo noma yase-Afrika (Afropavo congensis)

Ukuvulwa ngokusemthethweni kwalolu hlobo kwenzeka sekwephuze kakhulu, kwenzeka ngo-1936 kuphela. Ukufaneleka kungokwesayensi uJames Chapin. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, yena nomunye usosayensi baya e-Afrika ukuthola okapi, kepha bahluleka ukubamba lesi silo. Kepha baletha nezigqoko zabazingeli bendawo, behlotshiswe kahle ngezimpaphe zezinyoni ezahlukahlukene. Cishe zonke izimpaphe ngaphandle koyedwa zazihlonzwe zabanikazi. Ubani owayephethe ipeni elisele kwaba imfihlakalo.

Ngo-1936, eMnyuziyamu waseBelgian waseCongo, uCapin waphothula umsebenzi wakhe wokucwaninga. Impela ngengozi, wabheka kwelinye lamakhabethe amadala anemibukiso emide ekhohliwe futhi lapho wabona khona inyoni eyayigxishwe umnyama enezimpaphe ezifanayo futhi angazikhombanga esihlokweni sayo.

Kuqala, le nyoni ibiphutha ngepikoko encane futhi ikhohlwe ngayo ngokuphepha. Kepha kwavela ukuthi lezi zinyoni, yize ngiyizihlobo zepigogo elijwayelekile, kepha zingezhlobo oluhlukile ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, bathola igama labo kuqhamuko lase-Afrika noma laseCongo.

Lezi zinyoni zihlala eCongo Basin nasehlathini laseZaire endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-350 kuya ku-1500.

Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amapigogo, awunawo umsila omuhle, nosayizi wawo mncane. Ubude bomzimba wesilisa bungamasentimitha angama-64-70 kuphela, kwabesifazane bungamasentimitha angama-60-63. Umbala umnyama, ibala elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka libonakala emphinjeni, kanti izimpaphe ezimpunga zitholakala esifubeni. “Umqhele” ubuye uveze ikhanda.

Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amapikili, ipigogo lase-Afrika yi-monogamen. Insikazi ifaka amaqanda ama-2-3 kuphela, lapho amachaphazelo aqandula khona emva kwamasonto angama-3-4. Kuze kube izinyanga ezi-2 bahlala nabazali babo.

Sekuyisikhathi eside kusetshenziswa amapigogo ezindlini. Emuva ezinsukwini zika-Alexander the Great, owaba nesandla ekubukekeni kwawo emazweni aseYurophu, amapikoko awadalulwa hhayi kuphela ngezimpaphe ezinhle, kepha nenyama. Kepha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-15, izitsha ezivela enyameni yepigogo zathathelwa indawo yi-turkey emnandi kakhudlwana.

Incazelo yamaphikisi

I-Peacock, enye yezinyoni ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni, ezihlala emazweni amaningana naseNdiya. Ngomqondo ongokoqobo, igama lowesilisa elithi “peacock” livame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu ukusho bobabili ubulili besilwane, owesilisa nowesifazane. Ngomqondo wezobuchwepheshe, ipikoko yigama elingathathi hlangothi labo bobabili abamele lolu hlobo. Umhlaba ngokuyisisekelo wazi izinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zinyoni.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Enye yazo yi-Indian Peacock enhle, ehlala kuphela e-Indian subcontinent. Enye yiPeacock eluhlaza, imvelaphi evela emazweni ase-Asia, ohla lwayo lusuka ngqo e-East Burma luye eJava. Ngenkathi okwedlule kuthathwa njenge-monotypic (ngaphandle kwama-subspecies aqanjiwe), okwedlule kungahlukaniswa kube ngama-subspecies ambalwa angeziwe.

Izimpaphe ze-peacock zinezindawo eziyindilinga ezinjengezonsi eziyindilinga njengamehlo. Lezi zinyoni zingaziqhayisa ngezimpaphe eziluhlaza, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezibomvu nezigolide, ezizenza zibe ngesinye sezilwane ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo, kepha eqinisweni izimpaphe zepikoko zinombala onsundu, futhi ukuphuma kwazo okumangazayo kuhlotshaniswa nokukhanya kokukhanya, okubenza babukeke bemibalabala kakhulu. Ufuna ukwazi okuningi? Ukuthola amaqiniso athandekayo nemininingwane emangalisa ngepikoko, funda kuyo.

Ukubukeka

Ubude bomzimba wepigogo lomdala, ngaphandle komsila, bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90 kuye kwangama-130. Ngokubambisana nomsila phansi, ubude bebonke bomzimba bungafinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. Uqhwaku lwesilwane esidala ngamasentimitha amabili nesigamu. Isisindo siqoshwe kusuka kumakhilogremu amane kuya kwayisithupha, kuya ngobulili, ubudala nendawo yokuhlala yenyoni ethile. Ubude bomsila wepigogo abudluli kumasentimitha amahlanu.

Esikubona kungaphezulu komzimba wakhe kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi lush nuhvostu. Ubude be-nadhvost enjalo bufinyelela kumitha owodwa nohhafu, uma kulinganiswa ngezinga "lamehlo" okugcina entshweni. Uma sithatha ubude obugcwele bomsila wesikazi wepigogo namaphiko awo amakhulu, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezinyoni ezinkulu ezindizayo emhlabeni.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Umqhele oyingqayizivele usekhanda lekhikhini, uqhubeka nokugcizelela isimo sale nyoni. Simelelwa yinqwaba yezimpaphe zakha i-crest encane enamakhandlela emaphethelweni. Ama-peacocks futhi anama-spurs ezithendeni zawo ezivumela ukuba azivikele.

Izwi lale nyoni emangalisayo lifuna ukunakwa okukhethekile. Naye, izinto zifana ne-mermaid encane, okwathi, ngokushintshana ngokulahlekelwa yimilenze yakhe. I-peacock iyakwazi ukwenza imisindo, kepha ayiyinhle njengomsila wayo futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ayifani ne-trill egcwele, kepha njengokuklabalasa, ukumemeza, ukukhonkotha noma ukusonta okungathandeki. Mhlawumbe yingakho, ngesikhathi sokuthandana kwabantu besifazane nomdanso, ipigogo lingenzi umsindo owodwa. Abanye ososayensi bomhlaba banombono wokuthi ukudonswa komsila wepigogo ngezikhathi ezikhethekile kungakhipha amasignali akhethekile athinta izindlebe zomuntu, kepha lokhu akukakafakazelwa.

Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo z Peacocks

Ama-peacocks angawezinhlobo zezilwane ezifuywayo futhi ngasikhathi sinye angena endaweni yokubambisa inkukhu, lapho engabameleli abakhulu.

Ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela:

Ngendlela ejwayelekile noma ngenye indlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-peacock e-crested. Lolu hlobo lwe-monotopic futhi aluhlukaniswa ngamaqembu amancane.
IJavanese Peacock (I-Indochinese Green, I-Javanese Green, I-Burmese Green)

Izici

Inyoni yepigogo inesici esisodwa esingalibaleki - umsila we-chic, ovuleka ngesimo fan. Abaningi banesithakazelo kulo mbuzo: ipigogo elinamaphiko amade obuhle obuyingqayizivele - owesimame noma owesilisa?

Abesilisa kuphela abaphethe izimpaphe zombala omuhle kangako, futhi umusi lowesifazane ulincane kakhulu futhi awunawo umbala.

Ipikoko elihle - inhlanganisela indiza izindebe eziningi. Iphethini emsileni wepikoko lifana neso. Izimpaphe ze-Peacock zinemibala ehlukile:

Umbala omhlophe kumapikoko awusejwayelekile. Umsila wepigogo usebenza njengethuluzi lokuzivikela futhi uxosha umphangi. Ngokusongela okusondelayo, uphusha umsila, futhi ukuba khona kwenamba enkulu yamehlo kudiliza umhlaseli.

Ngaphezu komsebenzi wokuvikela, umsila uyasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuzala ukuheha umlingani. Abesifazane banombala onsundu ongathandeki.

Impilo yamaphikisi anezimbambo

Inyoni yepigogo njengendawo ehlala njalo ikhetha ihlathi noma indawo egcwele izihlahlana. Amacala uma ehlala eduze nabantu akujwayelekile. Leli qiniso lichazwa kalula, ngoba zingondla ngembewu yezitshalo zezolimo.

Amaphikosi akhethwa ngokucophelela ukuze ahlalwe kuwo, okudingeka ukuba khona komthombo wamanzi nezihlahla ezinde lapho angachitha khona ubusuku.

Ososayensi baveze elinye iqiniso elihehayo, ukuxhumana kwezinyoni kwenzeka ngokudlulisela amasiginali we-ultrasonic komunye nomunye. Kukhona ukuqagela ukuthi ngale ndlela badlulisa isiginali sengozi ezayo.

Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sempilo

Umsebenzi womshado uqhubeka ngo-Ephreli kuze kube uMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, owesilisa ufafaza umsila wakhe ukuze ahehe insikazi. Ububanzi bomsila ovulekile bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5.

Lapho uvula, kuqhamuke ukuvela okungathandeki kwezimpaphe. Ngesikhathi semidlalo yokuzalela, abesifazane ababalelwa kwabayisi-5 bahlangana eduze nowesilisa, abagijimela ukuyobonga i- “narcissistic narcissus”.

Lapho nje ipogogo ibona ukuthi inentshisekelo kuloyo mbala, ifihla umsila wayo futhi ayikhombisi intshisekelo yayo ngokuzalanisa. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane, ukuxhumana kusenzeka.

Amaqanda wepikoko akayona inkukhu kakhulu. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda amane kuya kwayi-10.

Amaphikisi amancane abizwa ngokuthi ngamapigogo. Ngemuva kokubopha, zikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala, umzabalazo wokuhola ubuqhubeka phakathi kwabesilisa abancane.

Ubulili babantu abancane bungatholakala kuphela ngemuva kokufinyelela kumaviki ama-5. Umbala ezimpaphe zamantshontsho amancane ubonakala ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila, lapho usukulungele ngokuphelele ukuba umuntu omdala nokuzala.

Isithombe se-Peacock

Ama-peacocks angenye yezinyoni ezaziwa kakhulu, kepha bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ziyini izinhlobo zezilwane, ukuthi zihlala kuphi nokuthi zihluke kanjani. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo ipigogo eyaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu yiNdiya, ukusuka lapho inyoni yasakazekela emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, bahlala eNepal naseCambodia, futhi baluphawu lukazwelonke lwaseMyanmar. Abamele abancane kakhulu bangatholakala e-Afrika, kanti ezinye izinyoni ezifuywayo ezinemibala engavamile ngentengo yazo zingafinyelela amashumi ezinkulungwane zamaRandi.

Umfanekiso wepigogo waziwa yiwo wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi kwakunguye owaphefumulela ababalisi bezindaba ukuthi bakhe isicubu somlilo. Bahola indlela yokuphila exazululiwe futhi bangamaflaya amahle, bakhetha ukusebenzisa iningi lesikhathi sabo emhlabeni. Ama-peacocks adla ngokudla kwezilwane nezitshalo. Bayakuthanda ukudla izidlozi nezinyoka ezincane, okuyiNdiya ehlonitshwa kakhulu. Abesilisa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokuzalela bakhula izimpaphe ezinde zengubo. Umsila we-fluffy udlala izindima ezimbalwa ezibalulekile - ukhonza ukuheha izinsikazi, wesabise izilwane ezidla ezinye, futhi ukhombisa ukuphakama ngaphezu kwamanye amadoda.

Ngemuva kwenkathi yokuzalela, ama-molum amapayipi kanye nowesilisa kuyafana kakhulu nowesifazane.

Amathanga ezinhlobo ezithile anesithembu. Umndeni uqukethe owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane abaningana. I-Pavas ihlomisa izidleke endaweni eminyene. Kwi-clutch ngokuvamile awekho amaqanda angaphezu kwayisithupha. UPava ubamba amaqanda inyanga. Emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokukhonkotha, amaphuphu alungele ukulandela unina lapho efuna ukudla. Amaphikisi ase-Afrika ahluke kancane ekuziphatheni kwawo - izithandani zakha kanye futhi azihlukani kuze kufe omunye wabalingani. Ukuze zidleke, zikhetha iziqu ezinde, izihlahla ezihlotshisiwe, iziqhekeza zemithi ngisho nemifantu emadwaleni. E-clutch awekho amaqanda angaphezu kwesine, kepha iningi kakhulu - elilodwa noma amabili. I-Pava idonsa amaqanda izinsuku ezingama-27 kuya kwengama-29. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa useduze nesidleke, aqaphe insikazi yakhe kanye nokwenza kwayo. Uhlala isikhashana ukuthola ukudla.

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zepiki zihlala endle:

aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma indian
luhlaza okotshani noma i-javanese
UmAfrika

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezindawo zayo nezinhlobo zemibala eminingana. Isikhathi esiningi emaphethelweni we-zoo nasezitolo zamapulazi ezizimele ungathola ipikoko elijwayelekile. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inyoni isezindaweni ezishisayo - ivumelanisa kahle nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene, ibekezelela isithwathwa futhi isheshe ijwayele abasakazi. I-peacock ejwayelekile efulela inyama enambitha nezinsiba ezinhle.

Ama-peacocks aluhlaza angaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile - ngokwemvelo abukeka esondele ekuqothulweni ngenxa yokuncipha kwendawo yawo yokuhlala yemvelo.

Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangana nopelepele wase-Afrika ngokwemvelo - uhlala endaweni enomkhawulo, enamahloni, ekhaliphile futhi ukhetha ukuhlala ehlathini eliminyene kanye nasezinkingeni zaseCongo.

Ipikoko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ejwayelekile

Ipigogo elijwayelekile libizwa nangokuthi amaNdiya aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uhlala eNdiya, Nepal, Bangladesh kanye nasePakistan, kanye nakwezinye iziqhingi zoLwandlekazi i-Indian. Ipigogo laseNdiya lihlala emahlathini aminyene nasehlathini, lincamela ukuhlala eduze kwemifula noma amachibi. Imvamisa ungahlangana nezikhonkwane ezintabeni endaweni ephakeme kuze kufike kumakhilomitha amabili. Isifuba senyoni nentamo, kanye nekhanda, kufakwe ngopende ojulile onsomi-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuthi elangeni lingaba nombala ohlaza okotshani noma wegolide. I-plumage yangemuva iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpaphe zomsila zinsundu, kanti izimpaphe zalo msila ziluhlaza okotshani futhi zinetshe lethusi. Izimpaphe zomsila ongaphezulu ziphela ngohlobo lwabalandeli ngamehlo amnyama. Uqhwaku lwezinyoni lupinki, kanti imilenze yimpunga ngombala obumdaka ngombala womhlaba.

Kwabesilisa, osayizi abalandelayo bayimpawu:

isisindo - kuze kufike ku-4,5 kg
ubude bomzimba ngomsila - kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,8,
ubude bezimpaphe ze-suprahangle - kufika ku-180 cm

Ama-Pavas mancane ngosayizi futhi anemibala ethe xaxa ngombala. Ubude bomzimba bePele abudluli imitha. Ikhanda nentamo kumhlophe ezinhlangothini, phansi kwentamo, kanye nangasemuva nasesifeni kuluhlaza okotshani noma okuluhlaza okotshani. Amapulangwe asele angumhlabathi, onsundu-nsundu.

Ithafa laseNdiya

Ipigogo laseNdiya alinakho okubhaliselwe, noma kunjalo emvelweni, futhi kaningi kakhulu kuma-zoo, ungabona ifomu lemibala emhlophe engavamile.

Ipikoko elimhlophe akuyona i-albino, njengoba abaningi becabanga. Umbala omhlophe ungumphumela wokuvela kofuzo okungajwayelekile. Umehluko omkhulu kusuka kuma-albinos ngamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enyoni.

Le mibala eyisisekelo elandelayo yatholakala futhi yaxazululwa ngokungemthetho ngabazalisi abavela emazweni ahlukene:

-zinwele ezimnyama (ezinamaphiko amnyama noma zivuniwe),
yethusi
i-motley (i-motley emnyama ne-silver-motley),
peach noma pink
opal
onsomi
i-lavender
weza
phakathi kwamabili
amalahle.

Phakathi kwamafomu wombala, akukho peacock emnyama kuphela. Ngisho namalahle anezimpaphe zemvelo eziluhlaza obumnyama. Iningi lezinyoni ezinombala wokufakelwa zinemilenze ephuzi noma ephuzi kanye noqhwaku lwentambo, nosayizi ojwayelekile wezinhlobo.

Ngo-2005, kwasungulwa inhlangano yaphesheya kwezilwandle, inhloso yayo okwakuhlanganiswa kuyo umsebenzi wokuzalela amapiyane, kulungiswa imibala yamapheya kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zasendle.

Inhlangano inqume ngokubhaliswa okuvamile imibala eyisisekelo eyishumi, ukuqeqeshwa okuvumelekile okungamashumi amabili kwemibala ephambili kanye nokwehluka okungu-185 kombala weplamu otholwe ngokuwela izinyoni ezinemibala ehlukene nokuqeqeshwa.

Ukubuka kwepikoko okuluhlaza

Ipikoko yaseJavanese noma eluhlaza okhulu kakhulu. Umzimba wale nyoni ufinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ubude, kanti amaphiko ayimitha eyodwa nesigamu. Izimpaphe ze-muzzle emadodeni kwesinye isikhathi zikhula zibe amasentimitha angama-200. Isisindo sophondo lweJavanese sivame ukudlula kumakhilogremu amahlanu. Ipigogo laseJavanese lineplamu ekhanyayo, lapho amathoni aluhlaza egcwele. Ingxenye engenhla yentamo, kanye nekhanda, kunenqwaba yephunga elimibalabala. Izimpaphe ezizungeze amehlo ngimpunga okwesibhakabhaka.

Isifuba sale nyoni nomhlane ongenhla aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, sinendawo ephuzi nokubomvu. Amapulangwe asele anombala obomvu-ophuzi ngamabala ansundu. Uqhwaku lwenyoni luvame ukuba mnyama, kanti imilenze inombala onsomi ngombala. I-peacock eluhlaza itholakala emahlathini aseVietnam, eLaos, eCambodia, eThailand nasezindaweni eziseningizimu yeChina, kanye naseMyanmar. Ipigogo laseJavanese liyinyoni eyindawo, ithanda amahlathi aminyene ngasogwini lwemifula, amaxhaphozi anenqwaba yezihlahla. Imvamisa i-peacock yaseJavanese ibuye ihlale ezintabeni, endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha.

Ipigogo laseJavanese linokubhalwe phansi ezintathu:

Uhlobo lweKonogolezsky lwethanga

I-African Peacock noma iCongo Peacock ebomvu yeCongo isuka eCentral Africa. Ihlala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi ezinomswakama zeZaire kanye nasezinhlanganweni zaseCongo. Ipikoko yase-Afrika - ayihlukile ngosayizi omkhulu. Owesilisa unomzimba onobude obungafani nobude obungu-70 cm, kanti izinsikazi zinobude obungamasentimitha angama-50. I-plumage iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-tint ebomvu-yethusi ebomvu. Feather ngamunye has a onsomi okhanyayo onsomi.

Ipigogo lase-Afrika lihlukile ezihlotsheni zalo ngoba ikhanda alinayo nhlobo iplamu futhi abesilisa abayikhulisi imisila ebabazekayo ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ipigogo ebomvu yase-Afrika ibizelwa intamo ebomvu ekhanyayo. Ikhanda elicocekile elinomlomo omncane onsomi lihlotshiswe nge-crest. Amawashi abesilisa nabesifazane ane-spurs.

Ama-peacocks, ngenxa yomsila wawo omangalisayo owenziwe ngabalandeli, abhekwa njengezifanele izinyoni ezinhle kunazo zonke. Kepha bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi bangamalunga e-inkukhu efana nomndeni wezinkukhu. Kodwa-ke, ngokulunga ngamapiki, kufanele ngisho ukuthi zisondele kakhulu kufudu kunenkukhu. Futhi, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi ayini amapigogo. Zifanekiselwa izinhlobo zohlobo ezimbili: i-Eshiya ne-Afrika. Izinyoni zohlobo lwase-Asia zimelelwa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile neziluhlaza zamapikoko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuningi izinhlobo ezikhiqizwa izindlela zokwenziwa.

Umfanekiso wepigogo ujwayelekile cishe kunoma yimuphi umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni. Lezi zinyoni zithambekele endleleni ehleliwe, futhi yize zindiza kahle, zisancamela ukusebenzisa ingxenye ebalulekile yesikhathi sazo emhlabeni. Lezi zinyoni zidla ukudla okuxubile, kungadeleli imollusks, izibankwa nezinyoka ezincane. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokukhwelana, amaduna akhula imisila emide. Owesilisa usebenzisa umsila wakhe ngezinhloso eziningana:

ukuheha ukunakwa kwabesifazane,
ukuze wesabise izinyamazane ezincane,
ngakho-ke ukhombisa ukukhulu ngaphezu kwezimbangi.

Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesilisa bavame ukuncibilika futhi bahluke kwabesifazane. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izinhlobo zase-Asia zamapogogo zinesithembu.

Njengomthetho, lezi zinyoni zihlala emndenini wesilisa nezinsikazi ezi-4-5.

Abantu bancamela ukudla esidlekeni sehlathi, bangazali amaqanda angaphezu kwe-10. Bazibambe isikhathi esingangenyanga, futhi amachwane ngokwawo, ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokuqokwa, angalandela abazali babo lapho beyofuna ukudla.

Amaphikisi ase-Afrika ahluke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kwawo: ngababili abakhelwa kanye kuphela futhi bahlala kuze kufe omunye wababili.

Zibuye zihlomise izidleke kwezinye izimo: ezigxotsheni, ezihlahleni eziqhakaza, naphakathi kwamadwala. Inani lamaqanda ku-clutch alidluli i-4, kepha kaningi izingcezu ezi-1-2. Insikazi ifihla amaqanda kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-27 kuye kwezingu-29 futhi ngaso sonke lesi sikhathi owesilisa useduze, egada insikazi nokubekwa. Uhamba ayokuthola ukudla kuphela.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izinhlobo ezinjalo kuphela ezihlala endaweni yemvelo:

luhlaza (Javanese, Burmese, Indochinese),
luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuvamile
UmAfrika

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezindawo zayo, futhi inezinhlobo eziningana zemibala.

Njengomthetho, kuma-zoo, emazweni angasese nasezindizeni, ungabona ipigogo laseNdiya, elivumelana ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu esihlukile, lisinda kahle, iqhwa futhi linamathele kubanikazi.

Uma siqhubeka nengqikithi yokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane, khona-ke yonke imifino yasepikoko etholakala ngenqubo yokuzalela iyatholakala.

Okuvamile (Indian)

I-peacock evamile yaseNdiya iyizinhlobo eziningi kakhulu futhi ayinayo imibiko. Njengoba igama lisho, izwe lakubo yiNdiya, kepha lisabonakala eNepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh naseSri Lanka. Noma kunjalo, ukuguqulwa kombala kwalolu hlobo kusazalwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inyoni igcinwa ekudingisweni isikhathi eside futhi, yiqiniso, inqotshwa ekukhetheni okwenziwe ngokufakelwa.

Emvelweni wemvelo, amapogogo aseNdiya ahlala ehlathini noma emahlathini aminyene, eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Kepha lezi zinyoni zitholakala ezifundeni eziningi zezintaba (endaweni ephakeme ngokwedlula 2 km).

Lokhu kuzalanisa kuneplamu elihle ngokungajwayelekile:

ikhanda labo, intamo nesifuba zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala, ojikijelwe ngemifino noma ngegolide,
ingemuva iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iluhlaza okwenziwe ngensimbi,
izimpaphe zomsila zinsundu, imisila iluhlaza okotshani obukhanyayo,
i-nufte igcina ngama-webs ahlotshiswe ngamehlo amnyama.

Ngaphezu kwezici zamapulage, ipikoko elivamile laseNdiya lihlukile kwezinye izilwane ezinomlomo ophuzi futhi ompunga onsundu wemilenze.

Futhi abesilisa banezimfanelo ezinjalo:

isisindo mayelana ne-4,5 kg
ubude bomzimba obunomsila - 180 cm,
ubude bezimpaphe ze-suprahangle bungafinyelela naku-180 cm.

Insikazi incane kancane futhi inombala onesizotha xaxa. Umzimba wakhe ungamamitha ubude, inhloko nomphimbo ezinhlangothini zimhlophe, futhi phansi kwentamo nesihloko sesifuba nomhlane kukhona ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma onsundu ngombala. Amapulangwe alo asele anikezwe ngombala onsundu onsundu, ngisho nomhlaba.

Kepha lezi zinyoni zinazo izingqinamba zazo: zinomsindo omubi kakhulu futhi azibekezeleli indawo engomakhelwane, ngakho-ke yibona kuphela abangaphila ezindizeni.

Okumhlophe (Albino)

Naphezu kokukholelwa kabanzi kokuthi ipigogo elimhlophe yi-albino, akunjalo.

Ukuvela kwepikoko elimhlophe kungumphumela wokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kohlobo olujwayelekile lwaseNdiya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni ezinjalo zinombala wamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyilapho wonke ama-albino enamehlo abomvu ngenxa yokungabikho ngokuphelele kwe-melanin. Amapikoko amhlophe qhwa anjengeqhwa ayaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-18 futhi atholakala esimweni semvelo. Kusukela lapho, zikhululwe ngempumelelo ekudingisweni.

Amathoyizi amhlophe wepikoko anombala omhlophe-ophuzi ngombala futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukwahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane aze afike eminyakeni emi-2. Isibonakaliso kuphela ubude bemilenze (owesilisa unemilenze emide). Ngemuva kokuthomba, owesilisa ukhula iplamu elihle lomsila omude. Emaphethelweni izimpaphe zomsila, iphethini lephuzi lamehlo libonakala libuthakathaka.

Kufanele kugcizelelwe ngokwahlukana ukuthi i-peacock enjalo yokuhlobisa ivela kuphela ngokuwela abantu abamhlophe kuphela.

AmaCongo (ama-Afrika)

Ipigogo lase-Afrika noma laseCongo ngaphambili lalibhekwa njengelingafani nohlobo lwezinyoni zase-Eshiya. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kutholakala umehluko othile, obe nomthelela ekuhlukanisweni kwabo baba uhlobo oluhlukile.

Ngokungafani nezihlobo zase-Asia, ipigogo lase-Afrika linomehluko wobulili obuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, iduna alinaso isitimela sezimpaphe ngamehlo, futhi umehluko ohlukile kwezinye izinyoni ekuziphatheni kwezocansi nawo uyaphawulwa.

Zitholakala kuphela emahlathini aseZaire, embhedeni woMfula iCongo.

Ukubonakala kwezinyoni kunje:

ubude bomzimba: owesilisa - 64-70 cm, owesimame - 60-63 cm,
izinyoni azinawo amapayipi ekhanda lazo, nendawo yomphimbo ibomvu ngombala,
ekhanda - inhlanganisela yezimpaphe eziqondile (owesilisa ulula, insikazi ine-chestnut-brown),
amaplamu omzimba: owesilisa - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka notha obunsomi, insikazi - iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
imilenze emide yezinyoni inesikhala esisodwa,
uqhwaku - mpunga ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Njengoba sekushiwo, ipigogo laseCongo liyinyoni enkulukazi.

IsiJavanese

I-Green Javanese peacock ihlala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia: eThailand, Burma, eMalaysia, eningizimu yeChina, futhi naseqhingini laseJava.

EBurma, lolu hlobo lwamakhonkolo ahlukahlukene lubhekwa njengophawu lwezwe.

Ukuchazwa kwethanga laseJavanese kungokulandelayo:

umbala ogqamile kune peacock eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kutholakala izithunzi eziluhlaza),
osayizi abakhulu, ngokuqhathaniswa nezihlobo (izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu),
izwi lakhe lithambile kancane kunelabanye abameleli bepikoko,
i-crest yehlisiwe, nomsila uyisicaba futhi uthambile.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuzalanisa ekudingisweni kwenza abesilisa babo baba nolaka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala, esiqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba.

Abesifazane nabo bangaba nolaka lapho benakekela izingane. Ipigogo laseJavanese lingawelwa nesihlobo saseNdiya, futhi inzalo yabo izokwazi ukuqhubeka nokuzalela.

Bomvu

Ipikoko ebomvu iyafana, okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphezulu, ipikoko yase-Afrika ehlala eCentral Africa. Igama elithi “Bomvu” libizwa ngenxa yombala obomvu okhanyayo wentamo kanye nothayela obomvu obomvu wethanga. Noma kunjalo, ukukhetha kuguqukele ngokuphelele, futhi ngenxa yale nhlobo ekuthunjweni, izinhlobo zemibala egcwele futhi ezithakazelisayo zitholakala.

Ebukhosini

Isimo siyefana ngamapikoko asebukhosini. Ngakho-ke, eNdiya, eThailand naseVietnam babiza ngamapikoko amhlophe. Ngenxa yombala ovelele futhi ongaphezu kovamile, lezi zinyoni zazivame ukuba abahlali bensimu yasebukhosini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipigogo elimhlophe lasebukhosini kwezinye izingxenye zaseNdiya lihlonishwa ngisho nenyoni engcwele.

I-Peacock iyinyoni enhle kakhulu, ihlonishwa emasikweni amaningi. E-Asia, adunyiswa hhayi ngokubonakala kwawo kuphela, kodwa nangekhono lawo lokuxwayisa ngokusondela kwengozi, imvula noma inyamazane enezikhalo ezibukhali nezishubile. Futhi kwamanye amasiko, kubhekwa njengenyoni yomthakathi nhlobo. Kepha kunento eyodwa eqinisekile - amapiki awashiyi muntu engenandaba.

Uma ubheka amapiki, ungacabanga ukuthi le nhlobo yezinyoni inezinhlobo eziningi, ngakho-ke ingahluka ngemibala nangendlela eyakheke ngayo. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Emajukeni Peacocks (lat. Pavo) kunezinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela: ipikoko elijwayelekile (I-Pavo cristatus ) nepikokoyi eluhlaza (Pavo muticus ) Ukuhlukaniswa okuncane kwepigogo yeCongo noma yama-Afrika (Afropavo congensis), okuyisiphithiphithi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika futhi kungokwalabo abasebenza ngokuthula bamaCongo. Kunokwehluka okukhulu phakathi kwalezi zakhi zofuzo ezimbili, eziziveza kokubukeka nangokuzala.

Ipigogo elijwayelekile

Zonke ezinye izinhlobonhlobo ngokubonakala kwamathanga angumphumela nje wokukhetha imibala okuhlukahlukene kwepikoko elivamile, kufaka phakathi ipikoko elimhlophe.

Ipikoko elimhlophe

Lolu ulwazi olujwayelekile. Manje ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngizazi kangcono zonke izinhlobo zezilwane.

Ziphila kanjani izinyoni zepharadesi?

Amapiki awandiza amabanga amade. Basebenzisa amaphiko ukufihla engcupheni engazelelwe noma ukundiza esihlahleni ukuhlala ubusuku obubodwa. Kepha bavame ukuphoqeleka ukuba babalekele izinyamazane futhi bakwazi ukuzimela ngokungenasici otshanini obukhulu nasezihlahleni ngaphandle kokubambezela. Ngakho-ke, inemilenze ekhule kahle, yinde futhi iqinile, ivumelaniswa nokugijima amabanga amade futhi ibambe inhlabathi kanzima. Ama-peacocks angaqhosha impilo enhle kakhulu - yisidalwa esiqinile nesinzima kuphela esingasinda ezimeni ezinzima.

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo ipikoko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yiSri Lanka, India, amazwe ase-Asia. Lapha bahlala endaweni enamahlathi, emahlathini zezihlahla zotshani obukhulu, futhi hhayi kude nomthombo wamanzi.

Izinyoni zasePharadesi ziyizidalwa ezi-herbivorous. Isisekelo sokudla kwabo amahlumela amasha, utshani, amajikijolo, amaqabunga, izimpande, okusanhlamvu, kepha akuphambili ekudleni kwezinambuzane ezincane, ama-invertebrates nezinyoka ezincane. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, amapogogo ngokuvamile ahlala eduze nomhlaba wezolimo futhi adle okusanhlamvu okuvela emasimini, adale umonakalo omkhulu esitshalweni. Kodwa-ke, izakhamizi zakule ndawo ezihlonipha ipigogo njengenyoni engcwele zijabule ngomakhelwane abanjalo futhi ziyabonga ngokuqothulwa kwezinambuzane.

Amapogogo asendle ahlala emahlathini aseNdiya naseSri Lanka

Ama-peacocks ahlala emindenini: insikazi eyi-1 nowesifazane ongu-3-5. I-Nest khona emhlabathini, otshanini obukhulu.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwepigogo yasendle siyiminyaka engama-20; ekudingisweni, inyoni ingaphila iminyaka engama-25.

Izitha eziphambili zenyoni yasebukhosini endle izingwe, izinyoni ezidla inyama nabantu. Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ipigogo lisohlwini lweNcwadi Ebomvu yamazwe omhlaba, njengoba yayisondele ekuqothulweni ngenxa yezimpaphe ezinhle ezazisetshenziswa ngabantu njengemihlobiso.

Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, iduna lidansa umdanso omuhle phambi kowesifazane, libonisa amaplamu amahle. Uyadansa kuze kube yilapho owesimame emnaka. Ngemuva kwalokho ugoqa umsila wakhe bese efulathela okhethiweyo imizuzu eminingana. Ukwenza lokhu ukuze akwazi ukutadisha ngokucophelela isimo sethamo lakhe futhi afinyelele esiphethweni mayelana namandla nempilo yakhe. Uma uPele ebona owesilisa efanelekile ngokuzala, umnika isibonakaliso, ammukise njengesipho somshado, kuthi ukuganwa kwakhe kwenzeke.

Bobabili abazali banakekela amachwane.

Insikazi ibekela amaqanda afinyelela kwayi-10 bese iwadonsa izinsuku ezingama-28. Amapiki enza izidleke phansi otshanini obukhulu. Ipigogo alishiyi okhethiweyo wakhe futhi limvikele kubaphangi: uma kungenzeka ingozi, isakaze izimpaphe futhi ikhiphe isitha isitha, bese insikazi, isebenzisa umbala wayo onsundu onsundu, izifihle otshanini. Lapho amachwane ezalwa, bobabili abazali bayabanakekela. Umbala wamachwane ufana nowomama. Zikhula ngokushesha, zidla okuningi futhi zifunda ukuzondla.

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, abantu begcina amakhonkolo njengemihlobiso yamapaki, izingadi kanye namakhaya. Izinyoni zasebukhosini azikhathaleli futhi okuqukethwe akuhlukile kakhulu kunenkukhu ejwayelekile. Kunezici eziningana okufanele zikhunjulwe lapho ugcina inyoni yepharadesi ithunjiwe.

Ipikoko liyasaba okusalungiswa, ngakho-ke indawo ebiyelwe kufanele ifudumele.
Ama-perches kufanele abe ngaphezu kobude bamamitha angaphansi kwesigamu nesigamu: ukuze, lapho ehleli ku-perch, iduna lingaphuli izimpaphe zezitolo ezithengisa ngokweqile.
Kudingeka indawo ebanzi ebanzi: umsila ongafakwanga akufanele uphumule odongeni nasophahleni futhi uphazamise izintokazi.
Indawo ebiyelwe yokuhamba kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-6 m ubude, ibe nezibambo eziphakeme kanye nemeshini ezungeze azungeze nophahla. Ukundiza i-perch, inyoni yepharadesi ihlela amamitha ambalwa, futhi ingagxili phansi phansi, njengenkukhu noma i-pheasant.

Uma izimo zivuma, ungavumela ukuphuma kwamapayipi ohambweni engadini. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, azivamisile ukuba amahlumela. Kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi azikho engcupheni ebusweni bezinja.

Endle, ipigogo yinyoni eqaphelayo ekhetha ukubalekela kunokuba ilwe. Ekuthunjweni, inyoni yasebukhosini ikhombisa umlingisi oxabanayo: ayihlangani kahle nezinye izinkukhu, ihlala ihlasela yona, isebenzisa usayizi wayo omkhulu. Kakhulu abesilisa abanolaka ikakhulukazi ngenkathi yokuzalela nezinsikazi ezinamachwane amancane.

Izinyoni zasebukhosini zikhulumisana kanjani?

Izinyoni zasebukhosini zinephimbo elingajwayelekile ngendlela engathandeki: kubonakala sengathi ikati elibandayo liyakhala noma umuntu olahlekelwe ngokuphelele wokuzwa ufunda ukudlala icilongo. Lokhu kwehluka ngokubukeka kwe-chic yenyoni. Ngenhlanhla, izinyoni zepharadesi zinika izwi ngokungagudli: ngesikhathi sengozi noma uma kwenzeka kusondela imvula nokuduma.

Kuze kube muva nje, bekuyimfihlo ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezithulelayo zikhulumisana kanjani. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi amapigogo “ayaxoxa” ngasikhathi sinye kakhulu esingazwakali endlebeni yomuntu. Lesi sici sibuye sichaze namandla “okubikezela” isimo sezulu esibi kanye nendlela yomphangi. Ezinye izilwane nazo ziyehluka emandleni azo okuxhumana ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu: izindlovu, izindlulamithi, izimbotshana kanye nemikhomo.

Ama-peacocks asebenzisa imisindo yemvamisa ephezulu kakhulu ukuze axhumane.

Ama-peacocks asebenzisa i-infrasound ukuxhumana nomunye nokuthola imininingwane evela emvelweni.

Oluhlaza, noma iJavanese, ipikoko

Lokhu kuzalanisa kuhlala emazweni aseningizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia: Thailand, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Java, eningizimu ye China. Ipendwe ngokukhanya ukwedlula i-peacock eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (imibala eluhlaza iyabonakala ku-plumage) futhi idlula eyokugcina ngosayizi. I-crest ekhanda iphansi. Izwi lithambile kunomfowethu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umsila uyisicaba futhi uphakeme. Inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke kuwo wonke amapikoko. Abesilisa balolu hlobo banolaka olukhulu ekudingisweni, okwenza kube nzima ukuzalanisa kwabo. Isikhathi sokuzala ngu-Ephreli - Septhemba. Lapho idingidwa ekudingisweni ngethanga elilula, ibeletha inzalo evundile ebizwa ngokuthi i-spalding.

Ithanga laseJavanese livame eSoutheast Asia.

Ipikoko elimhlophe

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, lokhu akuyona i-albino, kodwa ukuzalanisa kwepigogo ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Lezi zinyoni zinamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi esiqeshini seziduna kukhona iphethini elifana “namehlo”, kepha lipendiwe mhlophe. Lokhu kuzalanisa okwenziwe ngamabomu. Amakati azalwa ephethe i-yellow fluff emizimbeni yabo, athole amaplamu amhlophe lapho ekhula. Impilo ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo nokudingiswa ayifani neze nempilo yezinhlobo ezingadalanga.

Ipikoko elimhlophe akuyona i-albino, kodwa uhlobo oluhlukile lwenyoni.

Isifinyezo

I-peacock iyinyoni yobuhle obuyingqayizivele, obekungamakhulu eminyaka inyanga yabo phakathi kwezinyoni ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Izinganekwane eziningi, izinganekwane, amazwi nezinkolelo-ze kuhlotshaniswa nakho. Abanye abantu bahlonipha inyoni yepharadesi, kanti abanye bathi ikhono lokuthakatha. E-Russia, ipigogo liwuphawu lokuzikhukhumeza, lokuzikhukhumeza. AmaHindu ahlonipha le peacock iminyaka eminingi njengenyoni engcwele. E-Asia, inyoni yasebukhosini iyahlonishwa ngokwazi ukubikezela okubukhali kokusondela kwesimo sezulu esibi, inyoka noma inyamazane. E-China, inyoni yasebukhosini iwuphawu lwenjabulo nokuchuma emndenini. E-UK, inyoni yepharadesi iwuphawu lwenhlekelele nokwehluleka. AbaseBrithani bakholelwa ukuthi uma kunezimpaphe ze-peacock endlini yabazali, khona-ke amadodakazi azohlala engashadile. Endaweni yemidlalo, izimpaphe zenyoni yasebukhosini esiteji ziyi-harbinger yokwehluleka ukukhiqiza.

Kunoma yikuphi, le nyoni ebabazekayo ayishiyi noma ngubani ongenandaba.

Umbala wepigogo

Njengomthetho, ezinhlotsheni eziningi, owesilisa unombala ogqamile futhi ogqamile kunowesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kusikhonkwane esiluhlaza okotshani; kulolu hlobo, bobabili ubulili babukeka befana futhi bebukeka. Inhloso eyinhloko yomsila omuhle wepigogo yisidingo sokuheha insikazi ngombono ogqamile ukuze imncenge ukuba ashade futhi azalwe kabusha. Umsila wepigogo ocebile wenza ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60 ubude bawo wonke womzimba. Ingagobeka ifeni elihle ngokubabazekayo elinqamula emhlane futhi, ilenga phansi, ithinte umhlabathi ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba. Ingxenye ngayinye yomsila wepigogo ishintsha umbala lapho imisebe yokukhanya iwushaya ngama-engele ahlukene.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Kodwa-ke, awukho umsila owodwa inzuzo yale nyoni. Izimpaphe zomzimba zibuye zibe nezithunzi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, iplamu lomzimba uqobo lingaba nsundu noma luhlaza.

Kukholakala ukuthi ipigogo likhetha i-pair yezihlobo zayo ngosayizi, umbala kanye nekhwalithi yensipho yazo yomsila. Lapho umsila ubekwa kahle futhi muhle ngokwedlulele, maningi amathuba okuthi insikazi iwukhethe. Ngaphezu kwenkonzo "yothando", umsila omkhulu wenza enye indima ebalulekile. Le yindima yemishini yokuzivikela. Ngesikhathi kusondela umdlwenguli, ipikoko limboza umsila walo omkhulu ngebhande lekhanda elihlotshiswe “ngamehlo” amaningana adida isitha. Ekwindla, iplamu yemibala iwela kancane, ukuze ngentwasahlobo ikhule ngamandla avuselelwe ukuze abonakale kulomhlaba enkazimulweni egcwele.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Ama-Peacocks Natural Habitat - Amazwe Wase-Asia. Lezi yizilwane ezinesidingo esikhulu sokubambisana. Zodwa, zingafa ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi sengozi esondelayo, ipigogo lingandiza esihlahleni ukuze livikeleke ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidla noma likhululeke ekuphepheni nasethunzini lamagatsha.

Lezi ikakhulukazi yizilwane zasemini. Ebusuku, amakhethini athanda ukudonsa ezihlahleni noma kwezinye izindawo eziphakeme. Naphezu kwamakhono okundiza, lezi zinyoni eziklabalasayo zindiza amabanga amafushane kuphela.

I-dimorphism yezocansi

Yize kungabonakala njengokuxakile, empilweni yabantu ngamantombazane athanda ukugqoka, kuphela yipigogo indoda enomsila omibalabala. Abesifazane bavame ukubukeka benesizotha esincane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kwabesifazane nabesilisa besikhonkwane abuluhlaza, kodwa kuphela okuvamile. Phakathi kwabameleli bezikhonkwane eziluhlaza, i-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwanga ngokuphelele.

Ukubukwa kwe-Peacock

Izinhlobo ezintathu eziphambili zamapigogo zihlanganisa i-Indian Blue Peacock, iGreen Peacock neCongo. Okunye ukwahluka kwalezi zinyoni okuza kuzalwa ngenxa yokuzalanisa kufaka abamhlophe, abanamaphiko amnyama, kanye nabantu abansundu, ophuzi nabpunga. Akunandaba ukuthi kubukeka kanjani, ukubheka imibala ehlukahlukene yamapiki ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi, lokhu kuyinto engenzeki. Ngokwesiko kukholelwa ukuthi ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - ezejwayelekile (Indian) kanye neJavanese (luhlaza). Uhlobo lwesithathu lusemgqeni kunokuthi luhlukane kancane. Ngempela, ngenxa yokuwela kwecala kwabantu balezi zinhlobo ezimbili, kuzalwe owesithathu, okwazi ukuveza inzalo evundile.

Izimbotshana zezinhlobo eziphambili ezihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngokubonakala kwazo. Ipigogo elijwayelekile linamaphiko ampunga, intambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomsila we-fluffy. Okwaziwa nangomhlaba yipigogo elinamahlombe amnyama amahloka amnyama namaphiko aluhlaza. Ubizwa ngokuthi 'onamaphiko amnyama.' Kukhona nabantu abamhlophe, kuyilapho bengabhekwa njengama-albino. Enye inhlobo yezilwane ezijwayelekile kubandakanya izimbaza ezimnyama nezomgwaqo, kanye nepigogo enamehlo namalahle noma amhlophe, onsomi ne-lavender, ipikoko yethusi yeBuford, i-opal, i-peach nesiliva-motley.

Izinhlobo ezinjengotshani ophuzi naphakathi kwamabili zivela ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo. Ehlelweni lokuxuba ukwehluka okuyisisekelo okungamatshumi amabili wemibala yamapayipi ajwayelekile, kungenzeka, ngokusho kokuqagela kokuqala, ukuthola izikimu zemibala ecishe ibe ngu-185 yezinyoni ezithile.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Ipikoko eliluhlaza futhi licebile ezinkulisa. Lawa ngamapigogo aseJavanese, i-Indo-Chinese eluhlaza, i-Burmese, iCongo noma ama-peacocks ase-Afrika. Amagama kanye nomehluko wangaphandle kungenxa yendawo yokuhlala yezinyoni ezifuywayo.

Ipigogo eliluhlaza okotshani - linombala ogqamile, wonke umzimba wakhe umbozwe izimpaphe ezinohlonze. Lolu hlobo lungumdabu ohlala eSoutheast Asia. Ipikoko eluhlaza ibukeka kahle. Akanalo izwi elibukhali kangako, izimpaphe zine-tint yesiliva yensimbi. Umzimba, imilente nentamo yalolu hlobo kukhulu kakhulu kunokwethanga. Ubuye abe ne-crest ekhombisa ngokwengeziwe emqheleni.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Uhla lwamazwe lapho lezi zinyoni ezinhle ziye zahlala khona lincane kakhulu. Izindawo eziyiqiniso zokuhlala kwezemvelo yiNdiya (kanye nangaphandle kwePakistan, iSri Lanka neNepal), i-Afrika (iningi lamahlathi emvula aseCongo) naseThailand. Kulezi zinsuku, amapiki aphilayo akwamanye amazwe alethwa lapho ngokwezifiso.

Ukuhlaselwa kuka-Alexander waseMacedon kwavumela amapiki ukuba ahlole amazwe aseYurophu. Phambilini zazethulwa ngabathengisi nabahambi nje abajwayelekile eGibhithe, e-Australia, e-Roma nasekujuleni kwe-Asia neNdiya.

Ukudla kwe-peacock

Ngokomgomo wenhlangano yokudla, amapikoko angama-omnivores. Badla, njengezingxenye zezitshalo, ezifuywayo zezimbali, amakhanda ezinhlamvu, nezinambuzane namanye ama-arthropods, ezihuquzelayo nama-amphibians. Izinyoka ezincane namagundane kungavela kumenyu. Amahlumela amasha nazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhambi kubhekwa njengendlela ekhethekile.

Ukudla okuyinhloko nokuthandwa kakhulu ngamapogo kubhekwa njengokuzilimo okusanhlamvu okunempilo. Kungakho zivame ukutholakala ngqo eduze komhlaba wezolimo. Ama-peacocks avame ukulimaza amasimu wamabele ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwawo. Lapho nje bebonwa ngabanikazi bezigaba, basheshe bacashe ngemuva kwendawo yezihlahla notshani, ngaphandle kwesisindo nobude obukhulu bomsila wabo.

Ukuzalela inzalo

Ama-peacocks anesithembu ngokwemvelo. Endle, abesilisa balezi zinyoni bavame ukuzala i-harem yangempela yabesifazane abangu-2-5. Uthinta umsila wakhe omuhle, uheha izintokazi ezingenangqondo ngazinye, emva kwalokho uhlala nazo zonke ngasikhathi sinye. Imidlalo ye-Peacock mating imnandi kakhulu. Lapho nje intombazane yepigogo inaka umsila omuhle kakhulu kulowo okhethiwe, iyafulathela, ikhombisa ukungabi nandaba ngokuphelele.

Njengokulindelekile, ukuguquka kwemicimbi okunje akuhambelani nale ntokazi futhi uyaphoqeleka ukuthi imjikele, ukuze iphinde ibe phambi kwayo. Ngakho-ke lo mbukiso uguquka ngokunganaki kuze kube yilapho owesifazana “ewela kulokho” wecebo lobuqili lowesilisa. Ngemuva kokushintshwa kombhangqwana, kuqala inkathi yokuzalanisa. Kuqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, ngesikhathi sokuvula imvula.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Ukuvuthwa kwepigogo omncane kwenzeka lapho eneminyaka engu-8 kuya kweyishumi ubudala. Ukukhula kwezinsizwa, okungaphansi konyaka owodwa nengxenye, ayinayo izimpaphe ezinde ezinhle emsileni wayo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abasha bahlukile kancane komunye nomunye. Umsila odumile futhi nosayizi ogcwele uvela kwipikoko kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwakhe.

Ngemuva kokuthi kufike isikhathi sokuzalela amaqanda. Ekuthunjweni, insikazi ingavala imichilo emithathu ngonyaka. Endle, kuzalwa inzalo eyodwa nje yedoti. Njengomthetho, ku-clutch eyodwa kukhona amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayishumi. Isikhathi sokubopha sithatha izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili. Kuzalwa izingane ezisivele ngosuku lwesithathu lwempilo yazo zizokwazi ukuzimela, zidle, ziphuze. Ngasikhathi sinye, insikazi izigcina ingaphansi kokuqashwa isikhathi eside, ihlinzeka ukunakekelwa okufanele, ngoba izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zitholakala kakhulu ekubandakanyeni umswakama obandayo nowokweqile.

Izitha zemvelo

Endle, ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke ngamathanga amakati amakati. Okungukuthi - panthers, amahlosi izingwe, izingwe. Amaphikhi abantu abadala ahlala efuna ukusinda, alwe impi engalingani nawo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nekhono lokucasha emagatsheni alisizi okuningi kusuka ekuziphatheni kwekati elinobuthi. Amanye ama-carnivores asemhlabeni, njengama-mongooses noma amakati amancane, adla ngokuhluma.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Indian Peacock iyinyoni kazwelonke yaseNdiya, ngokwezinhlu ze-IUCN, ngeshwa, amaphoyinti abhalwe njengabasengozini. Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuchuma okwandayo, kanye nokushushumbisa ngokungemthetho kuholele ekwehleni kwesibalo salezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo esezivezwe iminyaka eminingi.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Amapayipi alungiswa futhi anikezwa imali ngesikhathi senkathi ephakathi, izimpaphe zepikoko zithwala inani elikhulu ngokukhiqiza ubucwebe, izigqoko kanye neziqu nje zodrako. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, bekungumkhuba ukuwahlobisa ngezingubo zazo, izigqoko nezinto zasendlini. Lokhu kuthathwe njengophawu lokuba yingxenye yecala elikhethekile labantu abahola imali ephezulu.

Isimo sengqondo samathanga emazweni ahlukene omhlaba siyaphikisana ngokwe-diametrically. Kwezinye, kufaniswa nophawu lwesimo. Uhlonishwa njengehabhu lemvula nokuvunwa, ajabulele ubuhle bayo obunesithunzi nesithunzi. Kwabanye, le nyoni ibhekwa njengezinkinga zezinkinga, isivakashi esingamenyiwe, umdubuli osenyameni, onakalisa amasimu.

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