Ingxenye ejwayelekile, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-tit encane encane enenqwaba yeplumage ephuzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Le nyoni idlangile esifundeni esisekuzwaneni nasentabeni eseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga Afrika, eNtshonalanga Asia naseYurophu. Ihlala endle ikakhulukazi emahlathini axubile futhi aqobayo, ikakhulukazi e-birch nase-oki. Ivumelanisa kahle nezindawo ezitshaliwe futhi imvamisa ihlala kumapaki nasezivandeni lapho itholakala khona eduze kwama-feeders. Imvamisa kwakha inani labantu abahlala emadolobheni eYurophu. Le nyoni ayinamahloni futhi ivumela abantu ukuba basondele kuyo.

Ngesikhathi sokufuya, kudla ikakhulu ekudla kwezilwane: izicabucabu nezinambuzane. Ebusika nasekwindla, ingxenye yokudla kwakhe ukudla kwezitshalo, okufana nembewu. Izilingo ezigoqweni, kanye nasemigodini yokufakelwa.

LAPHO UKUPHILA

Ama-Blue-paats azizwa emuhle cishe kuwo wonke amahlathi aqobayo futhi axubile eCentral Europe. Emahlathini aseConiffort, angalungele ukuba khona kwawo, izinyoni zibonakala ngokuqabukela. IBlue Tit ihlala futhi ezingadini eziningi zasemadolobheni nasemapaki. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, zishiya amahlathi amancane lapho izihlahla zincanyana kakhulu khona zingakwazi ukuthola izimbobo ezidingekayo ukuze zidleke kuzo. Kodwa-ke, ekwindla nasebusika, izinyoni zingatholakala emahlathini amadala namadala, emahlathini nasemhlangeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-titmouse tits zivame ukuhlanganiswa zibe izikole ezivamile nezinye izinhlobo ze-titmouse. Ndawonye, ​​izinyoni zizulazula emahlathini zifuna ukudla. Ukuba semhlambini omkhulu, la ma-tits avikeleke kangcono ezitheni, ngokwesibonelo, ku-hawk-hawk.

Incazelo

I-titmouse encane enomlomo omfishane omfishane nomsila omfushane konke kuyisitho esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imininingwane egcwele ngayo ivezwe esihlokweni esingezansi. Lincane kakhulu ngosayizi omkhulu kune-tit enkulu, kepha likhulu kancane kuneMuscovite - ubude balo bomzimba bubalelwa ku-12 cm futhi bunesisindo esingu-14. adlule ngamehlo, avale ngemuva kwekhanda. Imicu yesibili eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ijikeleza entanyeni, ngaleyo ndlela ibumbe ukufana kwekhola.

Ingaphambili nesihlathi kumhlophe, umsila, amaphiko kanye nape ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Njengomthetho, ingemuva liluhlaza okomnqumo, kodwa lingaba nemithunzi ehlukile, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala. Ngaphansi kwale nyoni kuluhlaza okotshani, engxenyeni engezansi kunentambo encane emnyama ende. Imilenze empunga grey, umlomo omnyama.

YINI UKUDLA

Ehlobo, ama-cyanides adla izinambuzane, eziqoqwe emaqabungeni ezihlahla, njenge-oki. Ziphinde futhi zidle izicabucabu, amabhu, ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwam amaphuphu, inani elikhulu lamaqanda wezimvemvane, amacimbi noma izibungu, ezitholakala ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, ziba inyamazane yezinyoni. Ukudla izinambuzane eziningi (ngokwesibonelo, amacimbi ama-shaggy kasilika ongafakwanga insimbi, i-weevils), i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengezinye izinhlobo zezitini, kusiza kakhulu abalimi. Ekwindla, izinyoni zidla nge-elderberry yasendle, amantongomane we-beech namaqhaga as rose. Ebusika, ngaphandle kwamantongomane namafutha ahlukahlukene, iBlue Tit nayo idla imbewu. Zithanda kakhulu imbewu ye-sunflower, imbewu ye-poppy kanye nama-hazelnuts. Ebusika obunokhahlo, ama-azores afuna izinambuzane ahlola amagxolo ezihlahla. Entwasahlobo akufanele bondliwe.

22.11.2017

I-Common Blue Tit, noma iTit Blue Tit (yesiLatini: iCyanistes caeruleus) iyinyoni evela emndenini wakwaSinitse (Paridae). Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo ezihlobene lapho kukhona isigqoko se-azure ekhanda kanye ne-repertoire ecebile yezwi.

Lincane izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kwezine kune-tit enkulu (iParus enkulu), kepha imvamisa likhulu kune-tit tit emnyama (Parus ater).

Izici nendawo yokuhlala

I-tit blue ejwayelekile usayizi ophakathi nendawo, ngokwesilinganiso unesisindo esingaba ngu-13 g g, ukhula ubude cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Isici esiyingqayizivele salolu hlobo lwezinhlamvu ezinombala ngumbala ogcwele ngokungajwayelekile wamaphiko awo nohlobo lwenhlokwana ekhanda lakhe - ngombala ojwayelekile onsundu.

Kungenxa yalo mthunzi okwesibhakabhaka tit futhi walithola lelogama. Ukusuka kogologo oluncane olungemuva kwekhanda lakhe, udlula umucu owodwa omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owesibili ungene ngaphansi komlomo futhi abhince intamo yakhe, egcizelela izihlathi ezimhlophe. Isisu sipendwe ngophuzi okhanyayo, maphakathi nendawo kukhona ibala elimhlophe ngokuthinta okumnyama. Umsila, njengamaphiko, upendiwe ngamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emuva kungumnqumo omnyama.

Njengezinye izinyoni eziningi, owesilisa onsundu okwesibhakabhaka onombala onsundu unombala ogqamile kunezinsikazi noma izilwane ezincane. Izithombe ze-Blue Tit, vele, ukungakwazi ukubuveza bonke ubuhle bale nyoni encane, ukwazisa iphalethi yonke yemibala kwimpaphe yayo kungenzeka kuphela ngokuzibona ngawakho. Isihlobo esisondele kakhulu sale nyoni okwesibhakabhaka tit (izikhulu) sifana ngosayizi wayo, kepha sinepumula elula.

Izindawo zokuhlala kwama-azores zibanzi. Zisatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kuze kufike ezintabeni zase-Ural. Umngcele osenyakatho webanga uthinta iScandinavia, eseningizimu udlula esifundeni sase-Iraq, Iran, Syria ubambe iNyakatho Afrika.

I-Blue tit ithanda ukuhlala emahlathini amadala aqinile, ikakhulukazi emahlathini e-oki nasehlathini le-birch. Ingatholakala emahlathini wezandla zesundu eningizimu, nasethangeni lomsedari we-taiga yaseSiberia. Ezifundeni ezinesomiso sezulu esomile, ama-azores esidlekeni sezikhukhula zomfula, phakathi komhlanga nomhlanga, lokhu kuphawuleka kakhulu nge-azure emhlophe.

Esithombeni, inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Kunabantu abaningi be-azure bobabili emabhande amancane amahlathi nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Amacala wokudlekwa kwawo ezihlalweni zezibani ngisho nasezimpawu zomgwaqo ayaziwa. Ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi okukhulu okwesibhakabhaka tit bird baphoqwa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezwe lanamuhla.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Uthando lwe-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, lu-cocky, noma kunjalo, njengamanye ama-titlings alo. Imvamisa bangena emcimbini wezinyoni ezincane zezinye izinhlobo, banqoba indawo yabo. I-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka icacile ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzalela, lapho ixosha ngisho nohlobo lwayo kusuka esizeni esifanelekayo sokuzalela.

Ngokuphathelene nale ndoda, isimo se-Blue Tit sinobungani, unesifiso esikhulu, kepha uyaqaphela. I-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-talm) eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inokuqapha okuhlukile; kunzima kakhulu ukuyilandela ngesikhathi sokudalwa.

Noma ngabe yisazi se-ornithologist, kuthathwa njengempumelelo enkulu ukuthola isidleke sesikhulu, esifihliwe ngokuphepha phakathi komngcele nomhlanga. Ngenkathi efudumele, le nyoni ihola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo, kepha lapho kuqala ubusika, lapho ipani lokukhanya liyifihla ngemuva kwesithwathwa seqhwa, i-white tit tit iba nesibindi.

Blue Tit uhlala uzinzile, uzulazula kuphela amabanga amafushane. Ukufuduka kungabangelwa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokupholisa okubukhali. Lapho befuna ukudla, bavame ukundiza ezigcawini nasemapaki, ngokuzithoba bazijabulisa ngabaphakeli ngembewu nangendle, bemiswe ngesandla somuntu onakekelayo.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Indawo ejwayelekile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yaqala yachazwa nguKarl Linnaeus ohlelweni lwezemvelo (uhlelo lwe-10) ngo-1758. Yaphinde yanikeza leyo nhlobo igama elithi Parus caeruleus, ngokusho kwayo le nyoni eyayibhekwa njengengaphansi kwengxenye enkulu ye-tit. Eminyakeni yokuqala yama-2000s, ngesisekelo sezifundo zofuzo ezenziwa ngabasebenza ngama-ornithologists baseMelika, ama-cyanides ahlukaniswa ngohlobo oluhlukile.

I-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile ingeyoku-oda "Passeriformes" nomndeni we "Titmouse". Lo mndeni uqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-46 ezihlala emahlathini ase-Europe, e-Asia nase-Afrika. Ngokubukeka, i-Blue Tit ifana kakhulu nondlunkulu, kodwa ngensimbi enkulu ekhanyayo. Ubude bomzimba bomuntu omdala bu malunga ne-13 cm, futhi isisindo asikho ngaphezu kwe-13 g.

Umsoco

Ukungavikeleki kakhulu, kuhlala okwesibhakabhaka akuwona ngengozi emahlathini amadala. Egangeni lezihlahla ezinamakhulu eminyaka, ungathola izibungu eziningi zezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-azor athanda ukudla izidleke, ama-aphid, izimpukane, omiyane, futhi lapho bungekho, baphendukela kuma-arachnids. Ama-Azores izivakashi ezijwayelekile zezihlahla zezihlahla lapho ebhubhisa khona isibalo esikhulu sezilokazane.

Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukubamba izinambuzane, futhi i-titmouse eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanele indize ezindaweni ezinkulu iyofuna ukudla. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu ye-birch, i-maple, iphayini, i-spruce nezinye izihlahla ifakiwe ekudleni kwayo.

Emathangeni omhlanga nasemhlanga, akha iziqu zezitshalo ngethemba lokuthola ama-arthropods amancane nezibungu zawo acashe ubusika. Esikhathini esifudumele, ukwephulwa okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka cishe ngokuphelele (80%) kushintshela ekudleni kwezilwane.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Lezi zinhlobo zama-tits zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba ngasekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ubudlova bendawo buye buphawulwa ngokuziphatha kwabesilisa, bagada ngentshiseko umgodi owakhelwe isidleke futhi bangavumeli ezinye izinyoni lapho.

Kuyathakazelisa ukubukwa ibukeka kanjani i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? ngesikhathi semidlalo yokuqomisana. Iduna, selivule umsila walo futhi lasabalalisa amaphiko alo, lahlikihla phansi lomdanso phambi kwesithandwa salo, lihambisana nokuhlabelela okungahambanga nalokhu.

Esithombeni, isidleke esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Lapho imvume itholwa, lo mbhangqwana uqala ukucula ndawonye. Blue Tit ukucula awukwazi ukuyibiza ngokuthi ivelele, izwi lakhe lincane futhi lihlukile kokujwayelekile kwabo bonke abantu abaluhlaza-si-si-si-si, repertoire yakhe iqukethe amanothi aqhekekayo neziqeshana nje ezimfishane.

Ukulalela izinyoni zethoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Owesifazane wenza umsebenzi wokwakha isidleke. Indawo ekahle yezinhloso ezinjalo igobo elincanyana elise-2-4 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Uma usayizi wethongo lincane - inyoni idonsa izinkuni futhi iyilethe ivolumu oyifunayo. Ukwakha, kusetshenziswa amahlumela amancane, amabala otshani, izingcezu ze-moss, amahliki woboya nezimpaphe.

Ngesizini eyodwa, amachwane eBlue Tit awadonsa kabili - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi nasekupheleni kukaJuni. I-Blue Tit yowesifazane ibeka iqanda elilodwa ngosuku, ngokwesilinganiso, ama-clutch angaba namaqanda angama-5-12, ambozwe ngegobolondo elimhlophe elimhlophe elinamachashazi ansundu.

Isikhathi sokufakelwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Owesifazane ushiya isidleke kuphela uma kuphuthumayo, sonke isikhathi ahlala esidlekeni, owesilisa anakekele ukudla kwakhe.

Esithombeni, iphuphu lesikhumba elinombala oluhlaza

Iqiniso lokufuna ukwazi: uma abazali abasanda kuzalwa bezwa ingozi - balingisa inyoka noma isililozane senkomo, ngalesosikhathi basuse izisulu ezigcobeni zabo. Izinkukhu ziphuma esidlekeni zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuya ku-10 zifakiwe. Kusukela kulolu suku, amaphuphu kungenzeka azinakekele, futhi nabazali bawo bazoqala ukucabanga ngenzalo elandelayo.

Njengomthetho, imibhangqwana yama-azores aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iqine ngokwanele, futhi izinyoni zihlala ndawonye izinkathi eziningana zokuzalela, futhi ngisho nempilo yazo yonke, ethatha iminyaka eyi-12 ngokwesilinganiso.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Le nyoni inomsila omfushane noqhwaku oluncane. Ubude bomzimba abudluli ku-12 cm, kanti isisindo singama-14 g. Izici zemibala zidinga isigqoko esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemisho emnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukugqamisa ukunqotshwa kwesiqhwaku esimnyama, kudlula ngamehlo bese kuvalwa ngemuva kwekhanda. Omunye umucu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uhlobisa intamo, ufana nekhola.

Ebunzini nasezihlathini kunotshani obumhlophe. Umsila nezimpiko zidwetshwe ngokukhululekile okwesibhakabhaka. Ngasemuva, umbala we-olivi uyabonakala ngaphambili, kepha ubukhulu bombala, kanye nokwehlukahluka okumfushane, kungahluka ngokuya ngesifunda lapho kuhlala khona inyoni. Ngaphansi kunombala ophuzi ophuzi, onikeza imilenze grey-grey ngokukhanya okuthile nokubonakala.

Abesifazane bavuselelwa kakhudlwana ngombala. Emapalini abo, kunezithunzi eziningi eziphuzi-ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza okomnyama kuneziphuzi eziluhlaza okotshani. Umbala wesiduna uyabonakala. Akanaso isicwebe esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umzimba wakhe ophezulu ungwephuzi kakhulu, phansi kuluhlaza.

Le nyoni ibonakala ngokuhamba okukhulu kanye "nokukhuluma." Ngokungafani ne-tit elula, izingoma zakhe ziqala ngocingo oluvumelanisa kathathu, lukhula ngo-trill olunezixhumanisi eziyi-15. Ukuxhumana nezinye izinyoni kukhawulelwe ekusho i-cyt emfushane, engaphindwa kumafrikhwensi ahlukene kanye nesivinini.

I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit ekundizeni. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit ekundizeni.

Uhlala kuphi

Emazweni aseYurophu ayimelwe kuphela e-Iceland, izindawo eziphakemeyo zeBalkan kanye ne-Alps, kanye nasenyakatho yeScotland. Umngcele osempumalanga wobubanzi ubhekwa njengendawo yokuma kwe-nyakatho yeSiberia eseNingizimu, eningizimu - iSyria, i-Iraq ne-Iran, inyakatho - isifunda saseNorway, iFinland neSweden.

I-Blue Blue Tit ekhetha ukuhlala emahlathini enezihlahla ezindala. Le nyoni ayinazo izindlela ezikhethekile zezindawo zemvelo, ngaphandle kokuba khona kwezihlahla ezinamandla. Ingakwazi ukuhlala ngaseceleni komfula, emapaki amadolobha, ezindaweni ezinamatshe ezinamahlahla angavamile ngisho nasehlathini elivame kakhulu. Isimo sengqondo ngabantu sinobungane, okuvumela izinyoni ukuthi zidale abantu basemadolobheni, zibala ukugqoka okuphezulu emapaki.

Emahlathini, isilinganiso sabantu esiphakeme kunazo zonke sibhekwa ezindaweni lapho kukhula khona izihlahlana noma oki. Phakathi kwama-biotypes asele, i-azure idonsela ubukhona bejuniper kanye nomsedari, obunjwe ngezintende zezinsuku. Ezindaweni ezomile, le nyoni izama ukuhlala ehlathini elinezikhukhula eduze kwezigodi zomfula.

I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit ku-spruce.

Ngabe idlani le-blue tit

Naphezu kosayizi bawo omncane womzimba, inyoni ikhetha ukudla kwezilwane. I-Blue tit izingela izibungu zezinambuzane nezinambuzane ngokwazo, ezinobukhulu bazo azidluli ku-1 cm ubude. Uma kungekho izingwe kanye izibungu, ukudla okuphambili kwale nyoni ama-arachnids. Lapho nje amacimbi ethola inqwaba yezinyoni, ngokushesha atshintshela kuwo.

I-Blue tit ibulala izinambuzane zasehlathini ngobuningi. Ama-aphid, ama-silworm angenakuqhathaniswa, izibungu zesikhonkwane, izibungu zezimvemvane - amaqabunga amaqabunga, imichilo, izimpukane, izimbungulu empeleni zikuMenyu yazo.

Ebusika nasekwindla sekwephuzile, izinyoni kufanele zishintshele ekudleni kwemifino. Kuthandwa kuqala imbewu yemithi, ikakhulukazi i-birch, i-boxwood, i-eru, i-spruce, uphayini, ikypypress, i-oki ne-maple. Izinhlobo ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka azinamahloni futhi zidla okuphakelayo okuvela kwabazondli bezinyoni, zikhetha imbewu yamantongomane noma enejongilanga kanye nesinqe esingafakwanga kusuka kokuphakeliwe. Amandla obuhlakani kanye nokwabelana okuhle ngobuhlakani, abantu abahlala eduze komuntu bafunda ngisho nokuthola ukhilimu kwizikhwama ezinobisi. Ebusika, emvelweni, izinyoni zizama ukuwela ziye emhlanga noma emihlankweni osebeni lwamachibi ukuthola izinambuzane ezinquma ukufihla emagatsheni.

I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit. I-Blue Tit idla amanoni. Iphuphu lesithupha.

Ukusatshalaliswa

Kuze kube manje, izingcingo ezingama-16 zeCyanistes caerulus ziyaziwa. Izinhlobo zinabile eYurophu, e-Asia Minor, eMiddle East naseNyakatho ne-Afrika. Inani elikhulu labantu base-Europe balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-16-21.

Izinyoni eziningi ziphila impilo yokuhlala ngaphandle kwalapho zihlala esifundeni esenyakatho nasempumalanga yeYurophu futhi zihlala zifudukela ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yezwekazi.

Zihlala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamahlathi axubile, kanti amaConifers (ikakhulukazi awomile) ngokuvamile ayagwemelwa ngaphandle kweCanary Islands. Zitholakala emapaki, ezingadini ngisho nasezindaweni eziphakathi kwamadolobha amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, amahlathi alder anama-oki okhula. Bathanda ukuhlala emathafeni, kepha futhi bazivumelanise ukuze babe khona ezintabeni. AmaTatras, atholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme aze afike ku-1100 m, e-Alps aze afike ku-1700, naseCaucasus nasePyrenees aze afike ku-1800 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.

Ezifundeni zasentshonalanga zaseRussia, ama-azores ajwayelekile nabamhlophe (amaCyanistes cyanus) akhiqiza inzalo eyi-hybrid ebizwa ngokuthi yi-tit noma isikhulu uPleskei. Isikhathi eside, le hybrid yayibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezizimele.

Ukuziphatha

I-Blue tit iyinyoni ephathekayo nexakile. Uthanda ukugibela amagatsha amancanyana ezihlahla, wehlisa ikhanda lakhe phansi. Abantu abesabi futhi kungenzeka basondele ekhaya lomuntu.Indiza kabi futhi ihamba amabanga amafushane.

Ngesikhathi sokufuduka nasebusika, izinyoni zibuthana emihlanjini yabantu abangafika kuma-200, imvamisa ndawonye ndawonye. Ezinyangeni ezibandayo ikakhulukazi, basebenzisana nabakwa-Woodpeckated Woodpeckers (i-Dendrocopos enkulu), amakhosi anombala ophuzi (uRegulus regus), i-nuthatch (Sitta europaea) ejwayelekile, ne-pikas (i-Certhia Famaris). Kulezo zinto ezihlanganisiwe ezinjenge-motley, imiphakathi enamehlo ifuna ukudla ndawonye futhi ivikele izinyamazane ezisebenza ngempumelelo.

Ukuba izidalwa ezinelukuluku nezimbangi, ama-titters aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anentshisekelo enkulu yokufunda noma ikuphi ukuqhekeka okusegumbini lesihlahla, ukuzama ukuthola okuthile okungadliwayo. Bakhuphuka kalula emgodini omncane kakhulu futhi bangaphuthelwa ithuba lokuzondla kwabondla izinyoni.

Izinyoni ezinesibindi kwesinye isikhathi zithatha ukudla ngisho nasezandleni zabantu.

Ukusikisela

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, nakwezinye izindawo eziseningizimu ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, izinyoni ezinesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziqala ukufuna indawo ezokwazi ukuthola isidleke. Okufanele izimbobo ezincane noma imigodi emincane ezihlahleni ezisekuphakameni okungadluli kumamitha ayi-15, noma izimbobo ezilahliwe zamapulangwe amancane. Lapho owesilisa ethola indawo efanelekile, ngokunyakaza ngokushesha kwamaphiko nokukhala, ubiza owesimame kuye. Ngemuva kwalokho ungena ngaphakathi bese emema intombi yakhe, eqiniseka ukuthi uzokwamukela le ndawo yokuhlala. Owesifazane uvame ukulahla izindawo eziningana ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi usekutholile akufunayo. Wakha isidleke uqobo. Le nyoni iletha ama-moss amaningi, utshani obomile nezinye izinto emgodini. Uhluza ibala lotshani ngamabele awucindezele emaphethelweni aze abambe isidleke. Ekugcineni, insikazi ibeka ugqoko lwesidleke ngezimpaphe. AmaCyanistes abeka amaqanda amhlophe angama-7-13 anezindawo ezibomvu noma ezinsundu zamaqanda. Lapho kubekwa futhi kufakwa amaqanda, owesilisa uvikela insimu yokudla izidleke nemithombo yokudla.

Amaqiniso ATHANDAYO, UKWAZI.

• Ebusika, ama-azores enza "ukuhlaselwa" kuma-feeders. Ngosuku olulodwa, kuze kufike ku-200 ama-titeythi aluma amantongomane ahlala endizeni elengiswa engadini ngamantongomane.
• ENgilandi, i-titmouse titmouse, egoqa konke abangakuthola, yafika kukhilimu ngaphansi kwesivalo se-foil emabhodleleni obisi abasetshenziswa ngabisi ababeshiya ngaphansi komnyango. Kusukela lapho, lezi zinyoni bezilokhu zidla ukhilimu kuze kube isiko lokuletha ubisi emakhaya seliphele nya.
• Kwesinye isikhathi ama-cyanistes akhipha i-putty ewindla noma andize aye egumbini futhi aqhekeze izingcezu zephepha le-wallpaper, ezifakwa emideni.
• Ukufuya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuzimbobo, umgodi wokungena ongadluli ku-3,5 cm. Noma kunjalo, isidleke esinamaqanda, amaphuphu nowesifazane kuvame ukonakalisa uthando.

ISITOLO LAZOREVKA. UKUCHAZWA KANYE NOKUKHANYA

Amadoda amadala nabesilisa banemibala efanayo, abesilisa kuphela abangakhanya kancane. Izimpaphe zezinyoni ezincane nazo zihlukile ngombala ezimpaphe zezikhumba zabantu abadala, noma kunjalo, azikhazimuli kangako. Izinhlobo ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngosizo lwama-paws anamandla kanye nozipho zingakwazi ukulengiswa ngisho nasegatsheni elincane, zithinta amathrekhi kuwo. Ngenxa yalokhu, bangakwazi nokugaya ukudla okuvela emafutheni nasezinhlwanyweni, abantu abazixhanyele ezihlahleni. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-7-13 ngamaqanda abomvu ansundu (elilodwa ngosuku). Isikhathi sokufakwa kwamasonto amabili siqala kuphela ngemuva kokubekwa kweqanda lokugcina. Izidleke zeBlue Tit zakhiwa emigodini yezihlahla ezivela kumoss notshani, ngemuva kwalokho zifakwe umugqa othambile.

- Ububanzi be-Blue Tit

LAPHO UKUPHILA

I-Blue tit etholakala cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu - emahlathini nasezindlini zabantu. Imingcele yobubanzi isuka eningizimu yeScandinavia, entshonalanga neMoscow futhi ithatha ingxenye yeNyakatho Afrika.

UKUVIKELA NOKUVIKELA

Inani labantu abaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lehlile eminyakeni engama-40 edlule ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, akukho songo esenzeka ngokushesha ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo.

Ividiyo: Blue Tit

Umehluko phakathi kwe-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile kusuka ku-congeners yayo - ama-tits amakhulu asayizi omncane kuphela. Ingxenye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inesisu esifanayo nesifuba, ophuzi, umqhele, emuva, umsila namaphiko ombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka opende ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Esihlathini kukhona izimpaphe zombala omhlophe, kanti ekhanda lenyoni ngemvelo kamama, uhlobo lwesimnyama esimnyama “esidonswe” ngemuva kwekhanda. Amawashi eBlue Tit aluhlaza grey anemikhono emihle kakhulu.

Lezi zinyoni azinakho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, ngaphandle kokuthi abesilisa babukeka bucace kakhudlwana, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ezilwaneni ezincane, umbala ubuye ubuthuntu ngaphezulu, akukho sigqoko esiluhlaza ekhanda, ingaphezulu lekhanda nezihlathi zinombala onsundu ngombala, nebunzi langemuva lekhanda liphuzi ngokuphuzi. Ingaphezulu lomzimba lipendiwe ngamathoni aphuzi grey, ngophawu olumnyama nolumnyama okwesibhakabhaka, kepha olungashiwongo kakhulu. Ama-underparts aphuzi aphuzi noma aluhlaza okotshani.

Iqiniso elikhangayo: I-Blue tit ingaphila ekudingisweni iminyaka engafika kwengu-15, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo isikhathi sayo sokuphila sisifushane kakhulu - kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu se-Blue Tit kusuka kwezinye izinyoni ithoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yethani labo. I-Blue tit iyinyoni encane enomlomo omfishane nomsila, ifana kakhulu ne-tit, kodwa incane kakhulu ngosayizi. Umbala uhlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zama-tints ku-britter green and greenish tint. Omunye umehluko - ngaphezu kukamasiki omnyama ekhanda, i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inomucu omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ofana nekhola edlula entanyeni.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, konke kufana nombala we-tits ezinkulu - ebunzini obumhlophe nezihlathi, umkhondo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo namaphiko, i-olive green green, isisu esinsundu ngombala, umlomo omnyama ompunga, imilenze emincane grey. Izinhlobo ze-Azure ziyizinyoni ezihambahamba kakhulu futhi ezinamaqhubu, zindiza ngokushesha kakhulu, zingachazeki, zivame ukushaya amaphiko azo. Bahlala baphenduka bephuma egatsheni beya egatsheni, bathanda ukuhlala emaphethelweni amagatsha amancanyana, babambelele phansi.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Isisindo nokwakheka kwawo wonke umzimba wefleather ye-azure kumsiza ukuba alengise phezulu phezulu hhayi kuphela emagatsheni amancanyana, kodwa namacici okulengiswa.

I-Blue Tit ithanda ukwenza i-tweet futhi icule, futhi kulokhu kule ndaba bahluke kakhulu ku-repertoire ecebile kakhulu. Izingoma zabo yizifiso ezimbili-nezintathu ezivumelanayo, ama-trill amade, okukhumbuza umsindo wokukhala kwensimbi, ukukhala. Ekhulumisana phakathi kwabo, izinyoni zenza imisindo emifushane, efana ne- "cyt", ziphinda kaningana zilandelana izinkinobho ezahlukahlukene.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ibukeka kanjani inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Sibona ukuthi uhlala kuphi.

Itholakala kuphi le ntwana eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Photo: Blue Tit eRussia

EYurophu, iBlue Tit ihlala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe ngaphandle kwe-Iceland, iScotland (enyakatho), i-Alps (indawo ephakeme), iBalkan, izindawo ezisenyakatho neRussia kanye neNhlonhlo yeScandinavia.

ENorway, i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingatholwa enyakatho kuya kubhangqwana be-67., EFinland naseSweden - kuya ku-65th parallel, emngceleni osentshonalanga weRussia - kubhangqwana lama-62., EBashkiria - kubhangqwana lama-58. Empumalanga, i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlala esifundeni esisehlathini seSouthern Siberia, icishe ifike eMfuleni i-Irtysh. Eningizimu, itholakala kumaCanaries, enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, enyakatho neSyria, e-Iraq naseSudan.

Indawo ekahle ye-cyanistre ihlathi elidala le-oki (ihlathi le-oki), nokho, njengoba likhethe ngempumelelo indawo enkudlwana enamathafa ahlukahlukene, inyoni yakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene, okuyisici esijwayelekile esingukubakhona kwesihlahla esiyisibopho.

EYurophu, ama-azores akhetha ukuhlala emahlathini aqobayo noma ahlanganisiwe, one-birch ne-oki. Ngasikhathi sinye, zitholakala zombili emaphethelweni ehlathi, nasekujuleni kwehlathi, kanye nasemapaki, izingadi, ukubekwa komhlaba, amabhande amahlathi, ngisho nasezindaweni ezigudle ulwandle. Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-Azure nazo zizizwa zizinhle emadolobheni, zakha abantu abaningi, hhayi ukuhlanganisa abantu nhlobo.

Enyakatho ye-Afrika, kutholakala i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka etholakala emahlathini ama-oki amakhulu abanzi, emahlathini emisedari aseMorocco naseLibya, emihosheni yeSahara. EziQhingini ZaseCanary, inyoni ingatholwa emathangeni amangalisa wezintende zezinsuku kanye nekamo.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Blue Tit ehlathini

Ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu nasenkabeni yezindawo zokuhlala, ama-azores ahlala phansi kakhulu, kanti ezindaweni ezisenyakatho athuthela entshonalanga noma eningizimu phakathi nobusika. Ukufuduka kwesizini kwalezi zinyoni akuhambisani ngokwemvelo futhi kuncike ikakhulukazi esimeni sezulu nasekutholakaleni kokudla. Izinyoni ezincane zithutha kalula kunezinyoni ezindala.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, izinhlobo ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka zivame ukugcina ngababili, kwesinye isikhathi ziduka emhlambini nezinye izinhlobo zezithoni, ama-pikas namakhosi. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, imibhangqwana indizela emahlathini enezihlahla ezindala, lapho ungathola khona umgodi ofanele futhi wakhe isidleke kuwo. Imibhangqwana isuthisa amathole ndawonye, ​​iwadedele esidlekeni, bese ehlukana kuze kube yisizini elandelayo.

Njengoba sekushiwo, ama-tits athanda ukuhlala emahlathini aqatha futhi axubile futhi cishe awakaze avele kuma-conifers, ngoba kunokudla okuncane kakhulu kuwo. Ekwindla nasebusika, izinyoni ezindiza ezindaweni ngezindawo, futhi zingatholakala emahlathini amadala noma amancanyana nasezindaweni eziphansi komhlaba. Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, ikakhulukazi ezibandeni ezinkulu, izinyoni ezinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zihlanganiswa emhlambini omkhulu ovamile nezinye izinkomba ze-tits, futhi ndawonye izinyoni ziya endaweni nezindawo ziyofuna ukudla okufanele. Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo emhlambini oxutshwe kufanelekile ngokwemibandela yokusinda kubanda nokuphepha okukhulu.

Iqiniso elithokozisayo: Ebusika, lapho kunokudla okuncane emvelweni, ukuhlasela okuyisibhakabhaka ngokoqobo kuhlasela kwabondli okulenga abathandi bezinyoni okunomusa lapha nalaphaya. Isibonelo, ngosuku olulodwa nje, ama-tits angaphansi kwama-200 angandiza aye ku-feed elenga engadini.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Blue tit bird

Ama-azores angamaduna adonsela ukunaka kwabesifazane ngombukiso wamakhono abo ezindizayo nezingoma. Zivele ziqhamuke ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha okukhulu, bese ziwa phansi kakhulu, zenze umdanso wokuphamba kanye nokugwaza. Lo mbhangqwana okhona ubese ucula isikhathi eside nangomculo.

Ngokwesidleke sombala wesibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kukhethwa izimbobo noma izimbobo ezihlahleni ezindala ezisendaweni ephezulu kusuka phansi. Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane babamba iqhaza ekwakheni isidleke. Uma imbobo inyinyekile, i-azure ingayandisa ngomlomo. Emijondolo, ama-titsu afunde ukusonta izidleke zazo ezihlalweni zezibani, ezindaweni zokubopha izitini, ezimpawu zomgwaqo.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Izimbobo zivame ukukhetha izimbobo zama-cyanid ezidleke, umgodi wawo ongaphezulu kuka-3.5 cm.

Ukwakha isidleke kuqala ngo-Ephreli kuya ngesimo sezulu futhi kungahlala kuze kuphele amasonto amabili. Isidleke sivame ukubukeka njengesitsha esincane, esingaphansi saso simbozwe ngotshani, i-moss, i-fluff noboya. Imfucuza yezidleke zezinyoni iqoqwa kuyo yonke le ndawo.

Iqiniso elithandekayo: Kwenzeka ukuthi imiphimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho ifuna izinto zokwakha isidleke indizela emafasiteleni evulekile ezindlini bese ikhipha izingcezu zephepha le-wallpaper noma ikhiphe i-windows putty ngemilomo yayo.

Izinduna eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindala zivame ukwenza imichilo emibili ngenkathi eyodwa, futhi izinyoni ezincane zizalela amaqanda kanye kuphela. I-clutch yokuqala iwela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, okwesibili - ekupheleni kukaJuni. Inani lamaqanda ku-clutch lingahluka, ngokuya ngeminyaka yezinsikazi futhi kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumaqanda ayi-5 kuye kwayi-12. Amaqanda ama-azores aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka amhlophe entweni esinsundu. Owesifazane uvame ukubandakanyeka ekufukameleni, kuthi owesilisa azilungiselele. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi ingashiya isidleke okwesikhashana. Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesinye isikhathi sihlala izinsuku eziyi-16.

Amantshontsho asanda kunyangwa awasizi futhi anambitheka kakhulu. Insikazi ihlala esidlekeni, iyazifudumeza, bese owesilisa wondla umndeni wonke. Uma ngokungazelelwe isivakashi singalindele sisondela esidlekeni, izinyoni ezinqabile zivikela ngentshiseko ikhaya lazo, zenza umsindo onjengokukhala kwenyoka noma i-aspen buzz. Ngemuva kwesonto, lapho amaphuphu eqina ngokwedlulele, insikazi nayo iqala ukubondla. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-21, amaphuphu aselungele ukuphuma esidlekeni azinakekele.

Izitha zemvelo zama-Azores

Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Izitha zemvelo zeBlue Tit zingaba zombili izinyoni ezinkulu zezinyamazane: izikhova, amakati, nezincane: izinyoni, ama-jay. Uma eyokuqala ibamba ama-titi ngokwawo, khona-ke wona abhubhisa izidleke zawo ngokudla amachwane noma amaqanda.

Futhi, abamele abancane bomndeni we-marten: ama-weasels angakhuphukela emgodini we-Blue Tit. Amalungu amakhulu omndeni, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo, awakwazi ukungena egodini, kodwa ayathanda ukuzingela am amaphuphu asanda kuphuma esidlekeni futhi angafundi kahle ukundiza kahle. Amagundane amakhulu nama-squirrels nawo alimaza izidleke ze-azores, kepha kuphela kulezo zimo lapho umgodi osegodini ubanzi ngokwanele.

Isimo sezulu esibi singabhekwa njengesitha se-tits. Isibonelo, uma ngesikhathi ukondla inzalo (ngoMeyi, kuJulayi) kuvame ukuna futhi izinga lokushisa lejwayelekile liphansi kakhulu, khona-ke, akunakuba lula ukuthola izibungu, njengokudla okuyinhloko kwamachwane, ngoba alizibeki emaqanda, lilindele ukushisa. Ukuntuleka kokudla okubukhoma kungakusongela ngokufa kwesibalo sonke.

Futhi, ama-parasites - amabalengwe avame ukutholakala ezidlekeni zezinyoni. Ngemuva kokuba amachwane ehambile esidlekeni, ama-titan aluhlaza angabantu abadala angatheleleka nawo. Kunamaza amaningi kangangokuba lesi simo siyisithiyo esikhulu ekwakhiweni kobumbono besibili.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Njengamanje, inani lokuzalela okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala likhona kakhulu. Ama-Ornithologists ahlukanisa ama-subspecies ayi-16-16 alezi zinyoni, ahlukaniswe ngesimo ngamaqembu amabili. Iqembu lokuqala libizwa ngokuthi yi-caeruleus. Izindawo zokuhlala kwalezi zindawo ezitholakala ngaphansi komhlaba zitholakala eYurophu nase-Asia. Iqembu lesibili, elingelikhulu kangako libizwa ngokuthi i-teneriffae futhi lifaka imininingwane engaphansi kweCanary neNyakatho Afrika.

Abanye odokotela be-ornithologists bakholelwa ukuthi ama-tits asatshalaliswa eziqhingini zaseCanary kufanele akhonjwe kuhlobo oluhlukile - iCyanistes teneriffae. Ukuphikisana okuyinhloko ngumehluko othile ekuziphatheni nasekuculeni, kanye naseqinisweni lokuthi izinyoni zase-Yurobhu aziphenduli nakancane ekubizeni kwezinyoni zaseCanary. Kodwa-ke, uC. C. i-ultramarinus, ehlala enyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika. Lolu hlobo lunezici eziphakathi nendawo phakathi kwabantu base-Yurasiya nabaseCanary.

Empumalanga yebanga, lapho kuhlangene khona ne-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile, i-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka evamile kakhulu, kuye kwaba nezimo zokuxubaniswa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo nangekhulu leminyaka eyedlule, izazi ze-ornithologists ngephutha zazibheka izinhlobo ze-hybrid njengezinhlobo ezizimele. I-Ornithologists ihlaziya i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengenhlobo evame ukwanda ngamanani, okubangela ukukhathazeka okuncane futhi engadingi zinyathelo zokuzivikela.

I-Blue Tit - inyoni ewusizo, ewusizo olukhulu kwezolimo namahlathi, ichitha izinambuzane (amacimbi, ama-aphid, njll.). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nabamele i-Sparrow oda, i-titmouse ayihlanganyeli ekubhujisweni - ayiziphisi amajikijolo, amajongilanga, izindlebe zommbila nezindlebe zezilimo zokusanhlamvu.

Indawo

EYurophu, kutholakala i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka cishe kuwo wonke amazwe, kepha ayikho enyakatho yeScotland, e-Iceland, eBalkan nasezintabeni eziphakemeyo ze-Alps, enyakatho yeRussia kanye nePhalamende laseScandinavia. Kuze kube ngu-1963, wayehlala kuma-Outer Hebrides.

Indlela Yokuphila: Blue Tit

Ezindaweni ezimaphakathi neziseningizimu zohla zihlala phansi, kanti ebusika enyakatho zifudukela entshonalanga naseningizimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindiza eziqonde phezulu ezintabeni zingenzeka. Ukufuduka okungajwayelekile futhi kuncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu kanye nasekutholakaleni kokuphakelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni ezincane ezingakafinyeleli ebusheni kungenzeka ukuba zihambe kunabantu abadala.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, bahlala bahlala ngababili, iningi lihlangana ndawonye ezikoleni ezixubile nenkosi ende ne-tit enkulu, i-pika evamile nenkosi enekhanda eliphuzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni ze-azure phakathi kwazo ziyahlukahluka ngezikhathi ezithile kumagatsha athambile.

Okushiwo phansi kanye nentela

I-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ejwayelekile ngo-1758 yachazwa ngokwesayensi nguCarl Linnaeus odumile encwadini yeshumi ye-System of Natural yakhe. Ngaleso sikhashana, le nhlobo yanikezwa igama elithi Parus caeruleus, futhi izinyoni zaziyizithsaba. Igama elithi Cyanistes labe selibiza ukuthi yi-subgenus, lapho izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlamvu ezifanayo ze-morphological zazihlanganiswa.Kuze kube manje, lolu hlaka lusetshenziswe ngochwepheshe abaningi, kufaka phakathi abaseRussia.