Ama-Badger anomzimba omningi, ominyene nomzimba we-squat. Umzimba wayo umfishane futhi uqweqwe. Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-60-90 cm, umsila - 20- 20 cm. Isisindo sesilwane sifinyelela ku-22 kg, ngaphambi kokushiswa yinyama, ekwindla, sifinyelela kuma-34 kg. Imilenze mincane futhi iqinile, ifakelwe amandla anamandla, acwebezelayo, izindwangu ezigogekile kancane, izinyawo zingenalutho. Ikhanda lomhlaseli alibalulekanga ngesigaxa esincanyana neside, izindlebe namehlo futhi awawona maningi kakhulu, umsila mncane futhi une-shaggy. Ijazi lakhe liyakhazimula, isembozo sinzima. Ama-bristles aqine, abade, kepha ayacwebezwa, apendwe ngethoni elimpunga noma e-brownish-lead enombala wesiliva, isisu sinombala onsundu, isifuba nezitho zenziwe ngamalahle, ikhanda likhanya, amachaphaza amnyama ahlukanise izinhlangothi zamakhanda kusukela ekugcineni kwesihlakala kuya ezindlebeni. Izibalo nemiphetho yezindlebe kumhlophe qhwa. Intamo iphansi. Imilenze yangemuva mikhulu kunangaphambili, izinzipho zimfushane, zivumelaniswa nokumba ama-mink. Isilwane sigijimela endaweni encane, edonsa kancane ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kanye ne-clubfoot. Amathrekhi afana namathrekhi ebhere.
Habitat
Indawo yokuhlala inkulu kakhulu. Akunqunyelwe endaweni yokuhlala, etholakala yonke indawo kuyo yonke indawo yaseYurophu (ngaphandle kwengxenye esenyakatho yeScandinavia), iRussia (ngaphandle kwezindawo ezisenyakatho), iCaucasus. Isimo esiyisihluthulelo sendawo yokuhlala ngukukwazi ukusebenza kwamabrows. Kungakho isilo sihlala kuyo yonke insimu engafinyeleleki, kepha indawo yaso esiyithandayo kunazo zonke singamahlathi ahlanganayo futhi axutshwe, lapho kukhula khona inqwaba yamabhasi notshani. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, uthanda ukumba izimbobo emithambekeni yendawo yokudangala, imishayo, imiphetho yamahlathi, imifula ephakeme kanye namachibi echibi. Isilwane asihlali ezindaweni ezinama-permafrost wesikhathi eside, ezindaweni eziwugwadule nezomile. Ukuba khona kwezindawo zokugcina amanzi endaweni engamakhilomitha elilodwa kuyisidingo esiyimpoqo sokuhlala kwamabheji.
Imikhuba
Ama-Badger ahola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, kepha kaningi angabonakala ngesikhathi sasemini nasebusuku - phakathi nosuku kuze kube ngu-8, kusihlwa - ngemuva kwamahora angama-5-6. Izilwane zigcina izindawo zazo ezizithandayo ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, amadolobho amabi ngamanye aneminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana. Ingxenye ebonakalayo yezikhathi zokuphila kwesilwane ngaphakathi kwamamitha angama-400-500 wezindlu zaphakade, okungukuthi, endaweni eyihektha elilodwa.
Ukuhambisa kuvame ukuzilibazisa futhi kunzima. Uhamba, anikine ikhanda phansi. Imbila ibhukuda ngokufanele, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile ingena emanzini ngokuzizingela kwayo. Umbono wakhe ubuthakathaka - uzizwa kuphela izinto ezinyakazayo, futhi ukuzwa kwakhe kukuhle. Izwi lakhe lifana nokugungqa, likhononda kakhulu ngokuthukuthela, likhale ngokungathi sína ngesikhathi sokugwazelwa noma ukuhlaselwa ngabazingeli.
Abantu abangashadile basebenzisa imisele engaphenduki, enomnyango owodwa negumbi lokudlela. Amadolobha anciphayo amabheji ayisakhiwo esingaphansi komhlaba esingama-multi-tier kuze kube ngama-40-50) ukungena nokuvulelwa komoya kanye namaphothi amade aholela kumakamelo amakhulu we-nesting ebekwe ngodoti omisiwe, atholakala ekujuleni kwama-5 m.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, imigodi ihlanzwa ngamabheji, udoti omude uphonswa ngaphandle komgwaqo. Uma abaninizi bengakhathazwa yilutho, umfuziselo utholakala njengefa, idolo ngalinye elilandela lelo lifaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwendawo yokuhlala enabantu abaningi. Ibheji eseyikhulile - indawo ehlala umjondolo omkhulu - ingatholakala endaweni enesakhiwo esingafika ehektheleni elilodwa. Uma izimo zivuma, umndeni wabadlibi unemibhede engama-2-3, efakwa esikhundleni sokuhlala kunoma amasonto ayi-2-4. Imvamisa imijikelezo ezungezile ihlanganiswa ngezinyathelo, ngaleyo ndlela idale amadolobha amabi. Izakhamizi ziyaxhumana ngaphandle kokushayisana, zivakashele imigodi yomakhelwane bazo. Imbobo yebheji ihlala icocekile ngokwanele, izingcezu zokudla okungapheli zingagcineki, njengoba kunjalo kwesinye njalo ngempungushe.
Ubusika
I-Badger yibona kuphela abamele ukubhuntsha, okucashile ubusika. Ngenkathi yokuwa, isilo siqoqana ngamafutha angenasisekelo, lapho isisindo saso sikhula khona cishe kabili. Ngesikhathi kwenzeka, umgodi usuvele usuliwe, igumbi lokudlela ligcwala udoti omusha, ukuvulelwa kokungenayo kuvaliwe ngenhlabathi nangamaqabunga. Uma ebusika inani elithile lezilwane lilele ebheji elihlanganyele, inqwaba ngayinye egumbini lokudlela elihlukile.
Izilwane ziyeka ukubonakala ngemuva kokuwa kweqhwa lokuqala (ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba - Novemba), ebusika obufudumele bahlala benamandla kuze kube uJanuwari. Kulezo zindawo lapho kungekho busika obumangalisayo obumhlophe qhwa, amabheji aqamba amanga isikhathi eside, acashe emgodini izinsuku eziningana ngezikhathi zezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, izilwane zivuka ngokuqala kokuqina kweqhwa, lapho izinga lokushisa ligibela ngaphezulu kwendawo eyi-zero.
Umsoco
I-Badger iyisilwane esijabulisayo, imenyu yayo ifaka phakathi ukudla kwezilwane nezitshalo. Kokudla kwemvelaphi yezilwane ekudleni kufaka phakathi:
- amagundane anjengegundane
- izinambuzane, izibungu,
- izimbungulu ezahlukene
- izimbungulu, iminyovu,
- izinyoni ezincane
- ubuhlalu
- Earthworms
- iminenke, amasizi,
- izibankwa, izinyoka.
Kokudla kwezitshalo, lesi silwane sikhetha:
Ukubaluleka kwamajikijolo kukhuphuka ekugcineni kwehlobo, ekwindla, lapho le mikhiqizo ibahola ekuqongeleleni amafutha. Ngezikhathi ezithile badla ama-oats, badla okusanhlamvu okuvuthiwe. Emini, lesi silwane sidla kuphela ama-0,5 kg wokudla, ekugcineni ehlobo sidla, sidla konke ukudla. Ngalesi sizathu bakhuluphele, bekhulisa isisindo sabo ngama-4-5 kg. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, amabheji esindayo aba manzi kakhulu, abe ngamavila, mancane amathuba okushiya izimbobo.
Ukuzala
Isikhathi sokuzalela amabheji siqala ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Okthoba, kodwa isilinganiso sangempela siqala ngoSepthemba. Lezi zilwane ziyisidina. Amabheji abakhulelwe ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, kusukela ezinsukwini ezingama-270 kuye kwezingama-450. Kusuka ezinganeni eyodwa kuya kwezine kuzalwa izimpumputhe futhi ezixhomekeke kubaba nonina amasonto ama-5. Baqala ukondla ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, bancela ubisi izinyanga ezine. Amabheji alungisa izimbobo zezingane ngaphambi kokuba kuqhamuke amawundlu, insikazi ibabelethe lapho isivele ikhona. Lapho amathole ekhula futhi engasadingi umgodi wokudlekha, ufakwa esikhundleni esisha, asuse udoti obudala obunotshani. Ngaphambi kokuthi hibernation, ekwindla, izingane zishiye umgodi, zishiya indlela yokuphila ezimele.
Badger nendoda
Kwezolimo, ibheji liletha izinto eziningi ezilusizo, libhubhisa izibungu zezinambuzane - iMay bug, kanye nebhere, namagundane. Kepha ukuhlala eduze komuntu, isilo lesi asinamahloni ukondla ngokuqondile esivandeni. I-Badger iyambiwa ngenxa yesikhumba namafutha. Isikhumba sikulungele ukwenziwa kwezinhlobo ezingabizi zoboya, ama-lubricants ahlukahlukene alungiswa kusuka emafutheni, kwesinye isikhathi athathwa njengendlela yokwelapha amanxeba. Inyama yesilwane ilungele ukudla, uboya busetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhulashi. Amasudi neminye imikhiqizo kwenziwa ngesikhumba sebheji.
Izilwane azibeki ingozi ebantwini. Kepha bahlaselwa yisifo esibi - amarabi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-badger inamandla okubekezelela izifo, iyaqhubeka nokubhujiswa kakhulu. Ukuze ungazingeli izimbila, ukugoma kwenziwa emazweni aseYurophu. Ngaphezu kokuqeda isilwane njengesithwali sezifo, ukuzingela kuyenziwa endaweni yaseRussia nase-Ukraine ukuze sisebenzise amanoni aso emithini yendabuko. Ngenxa yokuqothulwa komhlaba jikelele, umabhebhana wazithola ebhekene nenkinga yokuqothulwa, kwabhalwa encwadini ebomvu ye-International Organisation for the Protection of Natural.
Ukuzingela kweBadger
Ukuzingela kweBadger kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningi. Isilwane sizingelwa ngezinja ezihlikihlayo. Kuhle ukuthatha ifosholo kanye nawe ukumba umgodi. Imbila iyimbangi engathi sína yenja, ngoba umzingeli uphoqelekile ukuba ayisize ngokushesha ekulweni nesilwane. Ukuzingela kunamandla okuvela ngaphandle kwezinja. Ungase futhi ukuhlomisa okuqamekele esihlahleni, ngoba lapho lapho ungabona ukuphuma khona emgodini. Ngokuqala kobumnyama, isilwane sikhamba ngokucophelela size sibheke phezulu. Okwamanje, umzingeli kufanele aqaphe, awudingi ukudubula ngalolo mzuzu, kodwa kuphela uqiniseka ukuthi isilo sesisukile ebangeni elihle ukusuka endaweni yaso.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwesilo endle yiminyaka engu-5-6. Abantu abasebenza ngokuqina isikhathi eside ngabantu abasinda kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-12. Ekudingisweni, izilwane zinamathuba onke okuphila ngaphezulu. Obambe amarekhodi isikhathi eside phakathi kwamabheji ungumuntu osiphile iminyaka eyi-16.
Umvundla
Umubi, omele umndeni wakwaKuniya, ubonakala ngokubonakala okukhulu, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuyihlanganisa nanoma yisiphi esinye isilwane. Kepha ukubona ibheji akuwona umsebenzi olula. Futhi konke ngoba lesi silwane siholela kwendlela yokuphila yobusuku futhi sithanda ukuchitha amahora amaningi asemini emgodini waso, futhi ebusika isibi sitheke ngokuphelele! Inani labantu ababi namuhla lihlolwa njengezinzile, futhi inzuzo nokulimala kwesilwane kubantu ngokusobala kunzima kakhulu ukuzihlola.
Ukuchazwa kweBadger
Ubude bebiji endala bufika kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-90 cm, ubude bomsila wawo buyi-20- 24 cm, isisindo bufika kuma-24 kg, kuthi ngaphambi kwesikhathi se-hibernation, bukhuphukela kuma-34 kg. Isidumbu sikhulu, senziwe ngendlela ethile, esifana negeji eliqondiswe phambili, ngesigaxa esimfishane esicinene. Intamo imfushane kakhulu, icishe ingabonakali. Izinyawo nazo zimfushane, zinkulu. Iminwe igcina ngemichilo emide emfushane, efanelekile ukumba.
Uboya besibi budukane. Emuva nezinhlangothi zinombala onsundu ngokuhlaza okwenziwe nge-silvery sheen, engezansi mnyama. Isibaya sihlotshiswe ngemicu emibili emnyama esuka ekhaleni iye ezindlebeni.
Izici Zokudla Okubi
Ama-Badger ayizilwane ezihlasimulisayo, kepha ukudla kwezilwane kubaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kwazo. Lezi ngamagundane anjengegundane, amasele, izibankwa, izinyoni namaqanda awo, izinambuzane nezibungu zawo, ama-mollusks, ama-Earthworms, ngaphezu kwalokho, ababi badla amakhowe, amajikijolo, amantongomane notshani. Lapho zizingela, ibheji lizungeza indawo enkulu impela, ligudla izihlahla ezibunjiwe, liqhume emagxolweni ezihlahla neziqu, lapho kufihla khona izinambuzane nezibungu. Ibheji elidala liyakwazi ukuqoqa kusuka kumaxoxo angama-50 kuya kwangama-70, amakhulu ezinambuzane nezibungu ngesikhathi sokuzingela okukodwa. Ngosuku adinga ngalo ukudla okungaba ngu-500 g, udla kuphela ngaphambi kokuzilibazisa, lapho edla bese ehamba emafutheni, okuwumthombo wokudla okuzayo ebusika bonke.
Ukubhaliswa okujwayelekile kwebheji
Kwamabheji kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu ezingaphansi ezinikezwe ngokusatshalaliswa:
- Meles meles meles - uhlala eNtshonalanga Yurophu,
- Meles meles marianensis - umhlali waseSpain nasePortugal,
- Meles meles leptorynchus - otholakala eRussia.
Ukuziphatha kabi
Ama-Badger akhetha ukuxutshwa ne-taiga impilo, ngezikhathi ezithile amahlathi asezintabeni, eningizimu nawo ahlala endaweni yama-steppes kanye ne-semi-desertert. Zidinga izindawo ezomile, ezinamanzi amaningi ezitholakala eduze namachibi noma amachibi aphansi lapho ungathola khona ukudla okuningi.
Amabheji ahlala emgodini ojulile owembiwa yiwo emithambekeni yamagquma anesihlabathi, izigodi nezigodi emahlathini. Zinamathele kakhulu esimeni ahlala kuzo, futhi zingadlula ngisho nokuncipha kwazo kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye. Indawo endala yokuhlala isikhwanyana iyisakhiwo esiyisisekelo esingaphansi komhlaba esiyindawo enezindawo ezivulekile ezingama-40-50 zokungena nokungena komoya, inemigudu emide (5-10 m) eholela kumagumbi amakhulu angama-2-3. Lezi zokugcina zibekwe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwezendlalelo ezingangeni emanzini, ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-5, ukuze amanzi emvula nawomhlaba angangeni kuwo, futhi afakwe udoti owomile. Abantu abangashadile banemibele elula efakwe ekungeneni okukodwa nasendlini yokudlela. Amabheji agcina ukuhleleka emiseleni yawo futhi awahlanze, eshintsha udoti njalo. Imisele yazo ingahlalwa yizimpungushe nezinja ze-raccoon.
IBarsky ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, ekuseni ingabonakala kuze kube ngehora lesishiyagalombili, kusihlwa - kusukela ngo-17-18. Lesi ukuphela kwezinhlobo phakathi kwababulawa ukholo ezifihla ubusika. Enyakatho, ukucasha ubusika ebhandeni kuqala ngo-Okthoba-Novemba futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube uMashi-Ephreli, eningizimu yebanga uma kunobusika obumnene, izilwane zihlala zisebenza unyaka wonke.
Amabheji awahambisani nokuhlaselwa inyamazane nabantu, imvamisa kuvame ukucasha emigodini, kepha ibubi elibi lizoshaya ikhala lize lilume umenzi walo ngaphambi kokuba abaleke.
Izitha zemvelo yebheji
Amabheji cishe awanazo izitha zemvelo. Usongo kubo uyimpisi, i-lynx nenja, ezifuywayo nezasendle. Ithonya labantu enanini lalesi silwane liyacabangana futhi lingaba lihle noma lingakhi. Njengomphumela womsebenzi wezomnotho, ukondliwa kanye nokwakhiwa kwemibundu yebheji kungathuthukiswa. Kepha ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zemvelo ngemigwaqo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi amabheji amaningi afela ezindleleni. Ukuzingela kwabo kanye nokubhujiswa kwemibundu kuthinta kabi inani lamabheji.
Encwadini ebomvu ye-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), ibheji ibhalwe njengezinhlobo ezinosongo oluncane lokuqothulwa. Okusho ukuthi, lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo luyinto evamile, futhi abantu bakhona bazinzile impela.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngebheji:
- I-Badger isebenza kakhulu ekuguquleni imvelo. Imisele yayo eyakheke ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi inomthelela emhlabathini, nasezintweni ezihlala kuwo. Ezindaweni lapho kunezimbobo eziningi ezimbi, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ziqala ukukhula, okuthi kwandise i-mosaic biogeocenosis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbobo zamabibi ziba isiphephelo sezimpungushe, izinja ze-raccoon nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane abaphephela kuzo sezulu, ezingozini nasenzalweni yokuzalanisa.
- Ama-Badger angazibekezelela izifo eziyingozi ezinjengamarabi, isifo sofuba sezinkomo.
- Izinsizakusebenza zokubeka amabheji emasimini, ezingadini nangaphansi kwezakhiwo zivame ukudala izingxabano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane.
- Ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa kwesibi somuntu, ama-invertebrates, izinambuzane zamahlathi nezolimo, ngokwesibonelo, izibungu ze-chafer beetlee, zifakiwe ekudleni kwaso. Izikhumba zamabheji azisizi ngalutho, uboya busetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamabhulashi namabhulashi, ngokwesibonelo, ukushefa amabhulashi.
- UBadger wuphawu oludumile. Ngakho-ke, lesi silwane sifanekiswa engubeni yempi yaseMeghreg yasemakhaya eRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia (isibongo esithi "myagra" sisho ukuthi "ibheji"), kanye nengubo yezokuhlala zasemakhaya yase Kuytezh eRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia. Isibi esifana nengulube sikhonjiswa engubeni yomuzi waseShenkursk.
- UBadger uwuphawu lobuhlakani beHufflepuff kumanoveli kaJ .K. UHarry Potter Rowling.
Ukubhebhetheka. Uhlala kuphi umabheji?
Indawo yokuhlala yababi ibanzi ngendlela emangalisayo. Ayinqabile indawo yokuhlala futhi itholakala yonke indawo kulo lonke elaseYurophu (ngaphandle kwengxenye esenyakatho yeScandinavia), iRussia (ngaphandle kwezindawo ezisenyakatho), kanye neCaucasus.
Isidingo esikhulu sendawo yokuhlala yebheji yikhono lokuhlomisa imisele. Ngakho-ke, isibi sihlala kunoma iyiphi indawo engacabangeki, kepha indawo yaso esiyithandayo singamahlathi ahlanganayo futhi ahlanganisiwe, lapho kukhula khona utshani obuningi nezihlahla. Lapho, ibheji likhetha ukumba izimbobo emithambekeni yemifudlana egcwele kanye nemisele, imiphetho yamahlathi, imithambeka, amagquma esihlabathi, amabhange aphezulu emifula namachibi.
IBadger ayihlali ezindaweni ezinama-permafrost, kanye nasezindaweni eziwugwadule nez ezingenamanzi. Ukuba khona kwezindawo zokugcina amanzi endaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-1 kuyimfuneko ephoqelekile yendawo yokuhlala yebheji.
Amakamelo okuhlala kuwo okonakele avame ukutholakala ngaphansi kongqimba olungenamanzi, ukuze avikeleke lapho kusetshenziswa imvula namanzi aphansi komhlaba. Ngezikhathi ezithile, udoti osemagumbini okwakha izidleke uthathelwa indawo entsha. Indlu yangasese ihlelwe ngokwahlukana nomgodi omkhulu, hhayi kude nayo. Isikhala esiseduze nokuphuma emgodini naso sigcinwe sihlanzekile futhi sicocekile, ibheji lithatha udoti lushiye indlu.
Amabheji angashadile aneliswa ngemisele elula, enegumbi elilodwa lokudlela kanye nomnyango owodwa. Ukuhlaliswa komndeni omkhulu wamabheji kuyisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esakhiwe ngaphansi komhlaba esinamakamelo amaningi okufaka izimbobo zokuphefumula kanye nezindawo ezinde ezinamagatsha anamanzi eziholela emakamelweni abanzi endlwana.
Imisele enjalo, njengomthetho, ifa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ihlala ikhula futhi ilungiswa. Indlu yebheji iyasebenza, ilula futhi isebenza kahle kangangokuba izimpungushe nezinja zohlobo lwe-raccoon zivame ukuyihlala. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ngemvume yebheji.
AmaB Badger ahlala emindenini, inani labantu emndenini owodwa kuncike ekutholakaleni kokudla okwanele endaweni ezungezile. Lapho ukudla kuncane khona, bahlala ngokwehlukana. Badger bachitha iningi lesikhathi sabo emibhedeni yabo. Ukuba ngaphandle, amabhubi ikakhulukazi ahlala endaweni engaba ngu-0.5 km ukusuka emgodini, kwesinye isikhathi asuke kuwo aye ebangeni eliyi-1.5 km.
Imingcele yendawo yokuhlala imakwe ngephunga lesimo se-musky ukukhombisa kubantu abangabazi ukuthi le ndawo ihlala kuyo. Iphunga likhipha into enephunga ekhiqizwa indlala ekhethekile etholakala ngaphansi komsila webheji, kuyafana kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni ofanayo, futhi ngawo amabheji anquma ukuhlangana kwemindeni.
Indlela yokuphila
Isibi yisilwane esiholela kwendlela yokuphila yobusuku, sichitha cishe amahora amaningi asemini emgodini, kepha kwesinye isikhathi siphula "umbuso" futhi singabonakala ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Isibi sihamba kancane futhi simangele, sidala umsindo omningi lapho sihamba: siyahlwitha, izindimbane ezinamaqabunga ngokuzwakalayo futhi zizikhethele emhlabathini. Izwi le-badger lifana nokugunqa, ukububula kanye ne-yelps.
Ingabe ibheji liyacasha ebusika?
UBadger uyilungu kuphela lomndeni we-marten ukufihla ubusika. Kepha, ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ibeki mayingazifihli. Ngakho-ke, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ibheji selivele likhona ngo-Okthoba-Novemba libhinca futhi lilala kuze kube uMashi-Ephreli, nasezifundeni eziseningizimu ezifudumele, lapho ubusika buthambile futhi bufushane, buyasebenza unyaka wonke.
Ukulala ibheji emgodini
Ngemuva kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo nesithwathwa yiqhwa, ibheji liyaphela ukubonakala ebusweni bese lilele ebusika ubuthongo, kanti izinga lokushisa lomzimba walo liyehla liye ku-34,5'C. Ngesikhathi thaw, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ukuvuka baphume bayokhipha elangeni.