Insimu yeBrazil itholakala ikakhulu ezindaweni ezilinganayo nezindawo ezishisayo, okuholela ekutholakaleni kokushisa okukhulu. Indawo engaseningizimu kuphela etholakala esifundeni sezulu esishisayo.

I-Equatorial Climate Belt ihlanganisa i-Amazon lowland kanye nezindawo eziseduze nogwadule lwaseGuana. Isimo sezulu lapha sinomswakama futhi sishisa unyaka wonke. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lisukela ku- + 25 ° kuya ku- + 27 °. Imvula eningi iwela ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-Amazon - ifinyelela kuma-3000 mm ngonyaka. Izulu eliningi liwela kusuka ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni, isigamu sesibili sonyaka asinamvula kangako. I-precipation iwela ikakhulu ngesimo semvula, okuholela ekuguguleka kwenhlabathi. Ukuswakama ngokweqile kudala ubunzima bezolimo.

Ibhande lesimo sezulu le-Subequatorial ihlanganisa ingxenye esemaphakathi yethafa laseBrazil kanye namathafa asePantanal. Isici saso sikhonjiswa ekusatshalalisweni kwezinkathi zonyaka. Ihlobo elimanzi nelishisayo lixubana nobusika obomile nobusashisayo. Izinga lokushisa alihli ngaphansi kuka-20 °. Ogwini, lisuka ku- + 30 °, kuthi ngaphakathi kuthinte + 40 °. Kuphela kwengxenye esenyakatho-mpumalanga yethafa laseBrazil iyantula umswakama. Cishe ama-500 mm we kwezulu awa minyaka yonke, futhi kwezinye izindawo angaphansi kwama-250 mm. Isomiso eside sivame ukuvela kule ndawo.

Ingxenye esempumalanga yethafa laseBrazil ibuswa ukushisa nokunomswakama isimo sezulu esishisayo nenkathi emfushane yomile. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lenyanga efudumele kakhulu ngu- + 26 °, futhi kubanda kakhulu + 20 °. Lapha, cishe i-2500 mm yezulu yehla minyaka yonke, ngaphezu kwakho konke - endaweni ye-Big Ledge.

Kuphela izifunda ezingaseningizimu zezwe ezikulo indawo engaphansi kwesimo sezuluzibonakala ngokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa kwesizini. Le ndawo imakwe yihlobo elishisayo nobusika obufudumele. Ukunqabula kwemvelo kwenzeka ngokulinganayo unyaka wonke, ngokushisa okuphakathi konyaka kuka + 20 °. Ezintabeni ngoJulayi, izinga lokushisa lingaya ku-0 °.

Izinsizakusebenza ze-Agroclimatic ziyathandeka ngokutshala izilimo ezithanda ukushisa. Ezweni, inani lokushisa okusebenzayo lisukela ku-8000 ° C laya ku-4000 ° C. Isimo sezulu esihlukile, esishisayo, imvula eyanele ngokuhambisana nezinye izimo ezikahle yenza kube lula ukukhulisa cishe zonke izilimo ezaziwayo, kusuka ezinqolobaneni kuya ekufuneni kakhulu ukushisa nomswakama izitshalo zezithelo ezishisayo. Le ndawo ivunwa kabili, kanti ezinye izilimo izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngonyaka, ngoba akukho pore ebandayo.

Impendulo

IBrazil iseSouthern Hemisphere, kanti nezikhathi zonyaka ziyaguqulwa uma kuqhathaniswa neNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Izinkathi eBrazil zisatshalaliswa kanjena:
Isuka ngoSepthemba 22 kuya kuDisemba 21
Ehlobo kusuka ngoDisemba 22 kuya ku-Mashi 21
I-Autumn kusuka ngoMashi 22 kuya kuJuni 21
Ubusika kusuka ngoJuni 22 kuya kuSepthemba 21

Iningi leBrazil litholakala esifundeni esishisayo, futhi ukuphela kwaso kuphela eseningizimu nesifunda. Indawo ezindaweni eziphansi eziphakeme ibanga inani elikhulu lemisebe yelanga ezweni kanye nokushisa okuphezulu konyaka, okusuka ku-14,7 kuye ku-28.3 °. La maqondo okushisa ancipha kancane kancane ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu; Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa okuphelele kuchazwa ngumahluko ezimweni ezingokomzimba nezendawo yezifunda ngazinye: ukuphakama kwendawo, ukuqondiswa komoya oshisayo, umswakama womoya, ukuba khona kwezikhathi zokucekelwa phansi kwemvula okuvimbela ukufuthelana kwenhlabathi futhi kunomthelela ekushiseni okungaphansi, noma ukungabikho kwamahlathi. Ezweni, ngaphandle kwezinye izindawo zaseNyakatho-mpumalanga, inani elikhulu lezimvula liwela - ngaphezu kwe-1000 mm ngonyaka. EBrazil eshisayo, umehluko kumazinga okushisa ezinyanga abanda kakhulu futhi afudumele awekho ngaphezulu kuka-3. 40.

Ukungena kusatshalaliswa ngokungalingani unyaka wonke. Kuhlukaniswe izinkathi ezimbili: eyomile neyinethayo. Isimo sezulu siyashintsha kusuka e-equatorial enomswakama njalo entshonalanga yesifunda saseAmazon (isilinganiso sokushisa saminyaka yonke singama-24 26 ° C, kwezulu kungama-3200 mm noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka) esimweni sezulu esivumelana nesikhathi esomile esifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4 empumalanga yesifunda sase-Amazon nasentabeni eseduze kwethafa leGuana neBrazil (1200— 2400 mm of kwezulu). Ngethafa laseBrazil elifika ku-24 ° S. w. Isimo sezulu esivumelana nesimo sezulu sishisa ngokushisa okushisa (22. 28 °) kanye nehlobo elinomswakama nobusika obufudumele (17. 24 °). Maphakathi nethafa nethafa eliphansi lePantanal, kunesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo sasehlobo (1200-1600 mm of kwezimvula) esinendawo enkulu nsuku zonke (maphakathi nethafa laseBrazil kuze kube ngu-25 °) futhi njalo ngenyanga (ezifundeni zaseSanta Catarina naseParana kuze kufike ku-50 °). Okukhulu nokunuka okungajwayelekile kuyizindawo ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yethafa laseBrazil, ezizungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngamaseva aphezulu nama-chaples. Eminyakeni ejwayelekile, inani lezulu lapha lisuka ku-500 laya ku-1200 mm. Isomiso eside sivame ukuvela kule ndawo. Ngesikhathi sezikhathi zemvula kukhona imvula enkulu kangangokuba ibanga izikhukhula ezinkulu.

Empumalanga ye-Plateau yaseBrazil, isimo sezulu siyashisa, sishisa futhi sinomswakama (800- 1600 mm wezimvula ngonyaka, nasentabeni esempumalanga yeSerra do Mar, kuze kube ngu-2400 mm ngonyaka). Ezintabeni, kuvezwa indawo eyi-altitudinal. IParana Plateau enyakatho yetropiki eseningizimu ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esishisayo esinomswakama njalo. Ethafeni eliphakeme lasendaweni eseningizimu yetropiki eseningizimu kunesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo esishisayo, ebonakala ngamahlobo ashisayo nobusika obupholile (isilinganiso sikaJulayi sokushisa singama-11. 13 ° C, iqhwa kungenzeka ku -5. -8 ° C), amazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka ayi-16 19 ° C, no- ngaseningizimu, ayanda amanani okushisa esikhathi sonyaka. Izinga lokuwa kwehla lisuka ku-1200 laya ku-2400 mm ngonyaka, futhi lisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo unyaka wonke. Izimo zezulu zaseBrazil zilungele ukukhula cishe kuzo zonke izilimo, kanti ukungabikhona kwezikhathi ezibandayo zikuvumela ukuthi uthole ezimbili, kanti ezinye izilimo (ikakhulukazi, ubhontshisi) izilimo ezi-3-4 ngonyaka.

Isimo sezulu esijwayelekile saseBrazil

Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesishisayo saseBrazil sihluke kwezinye izindawo ezishisayo ezinezimvula ezivamile. Kunezindawo ezweni lapho imibukiso yenzeka khona nsuku zonke, kodwa ihlala isikhashana futhi ifudumele.

Izindawo zesimo sezulu zezwe zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezi-6 ezihlukene:

• I-Equatorial
• I-Arid
• I-tropical
• Ukukhuphuka okuphezulu
• I-Atlantic tropical tropical
• Ezansi

Ibhande ngalinye lesimo sezulu linezimpawu zalo. EAmazon asenyakatho, indawo enamakhosi inamandla. Ibha ye-thermometer akuvamile ukuqopha amazinga okushisa ngaphansi kwama-23 degrees. Ukunanzelela kuvame ukuwela lapha. Imvula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.

Enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil (indawo yaseSan Francisco River) kuphawulwa isimo sezulu esomile. Ukunambitheka lapha akuvamile, ngakho imifula yasendaweni yoma kaningi.

Lonke ugu lwaseBrazil lunendawo yesimo sezulu i-Atlantic. Isimo sezulu lapho sincike "ekujuleni kwenhliziyo" kolwandle. Izindawo eziphakeme zezwe ziyahlukahluka kwezinye izindawo ezisesimweni sezulu esishisayo esiphakeme. Ingxenye yeBrazil etholakalayo inesimo sezulu esishisayo esinoguquko olubushelelezi oluya ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Isimo sezulu iningi laseBrazil

Isimo sezulu esishisayo siyinkathi emibili: yomile futhi inetha imvula. Isizini eyomile iqala eBrazil ngoMeyi, kanti isikhathi ngaphandle kwezulu sihlala kuze kube uSepthemba. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi naphakathi enkabeni yeBrazil lingama-20 degrees ngaphezu kwe-zero.

IMaranhão, Piaui, Bahia, Minas Geriis kanye nesikhungo sonke sezwe kubuswa isimo sezulu esishisayo. Izindawo ezishisayo zanda ezweni ngaphezu kwezinye izindawo zezulu.

Ezweni lonke lesimo sezulu, isimo sezulu sibikezela kakhulu kunasogwini noma esifundeni sezintaba.

Isimo sezulu eseningizimu yeBrazil

Izakhiwo ezingaphansi komhlaba zisebenza eningizimu yamazwe aseBrazil. Kuyindida, kepha kulezi zindawo kukhona ubusika obunamafrimu wangempela kanye neqhwa lesikhashana. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lama-subtropics ezweni angama-18 degrees. Azikho izehlakalo ezomile ezifundeni ezingaphansi kwendawo. I-precipitation icishe ifane unyaka wonke.

UMfula iParana ugeleza unqamula emazweni asezansi kweBrazil. Uma inyakatho nempumalanga yezwe ibhekana nezimvula ebusika, khona-ke eningizimu iya ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Isibonelo, eRio de Janeiro, hhayi indawo ephansi, kepha isimo sezulu esishintshile sase-Atlantic, zonke izindawo zesimo sezulu zaseBrazil zingalandelelwa kahle ebalazweni.

Isimo semvula esikhulu kunazo zonke yezindawo ezinemvula singu-3000 mm ngonyaka. Abahambi babonisa isimo sezulu eseningizimu nasenkabeni yezwe njengentofontofo ngeholide lokuphumula. EBrazil, unyaka wonke awukho ukushisa okukhulu, kepha ukubanda akwenzeki lapho kaningi. Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa kwelanga nobusuku akunawo amplitude enkulu, ngakho-ke ukuba seBrazil kuhle. Ngendlela, umswakama esifundazweni awuhlali njalo usezingeni eliphakeme, ngakho-ke ukuhamba eBrazil kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Into esemqoka ukwenza umzila ngendlela efanele.

Ibhande le-Equatorial eBrazil

Indawo lapho ibheshi le-Amazon litholakala khona endaweni yesimo sezulu. Kukhona umswakama ophezulu nemvula ephezulu. Cishe ama-3000 mm awela lapha ngonyaka. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu aqala ngoSepthemba kuya kuZibandlela futhi afinyelela ku-+ 34 degrees Celsius. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMeyi, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingama-degrees angama-28, kuthi ebusuku lehle liye ku-+24. Isikhathi semvula siqala ngoJanuwari kuya kuMeyi. Ngokuvamile, azikaze zibe yiqhwa kule ndawo, kanye nezikhathi ezomile.

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Indawo Engaphansi Kwezindawo eBrazil

Iningi lezwe lihlala esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, insimu iqophe amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu edlula ama-+30 degrees. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi cishe akukho mvula. Ukuphela konyaka izinga lokushisa lehla ngama-degree ambalwa nje. Ukucabanga okukhulu kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezithile lina njalo ngoDisemba. Cishe ama-200 mm wezulu kwenzeka ngonyaka. Kule ndawo kuhlale kunomswakama ophakeme, oqinisekisa ukujikeleza komoya ovela e-Atlantic.

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Isimo sezulu esishisayo eBrazil

Indawo ezishisayo ibhekwa njenge sezulu esibanda kakhulu eBrazil, esisogwini lwezwe lase-Atlantic. Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu aqoshwa ePorto Alegre naseCuritiba. Ngu-+17 degrees Celsius. Umbuso wokushisa wobusika uyahluka kusuka ku- +24 kuya ku- +29 degrees. Imvula ayibalulekanga: Izinsuku zemvula zingaba zintathu ngenyanga eyodwa.

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Ngokuvamile, isimo sezulu saseBrazil siyefana. Lesi yisikhathi sasehlobo esifudumele nesinomswakama, kanye nobusika obomile nobunzima. Izwe litholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezingaphansi komhlaba nezindawo ezilinganayo. Nazi izimo zesimo sezulu ezifana nalezi ezingalungele bonke abantu, kepha zenzelwe abathandi bokushisa kuphela.

Izindawo zezulu zaseBrazil

Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa iBrazil ngokwezigaba eziyisithupha: indawo elinganayo neyindawo eyomile, izindawo ezivamile ezishisayo nezindawo eziphakemeyo, i-Atlantic esishisayo kanye nendawo engezansi kwezwe. Impela Isimo sezulu eBrazil Iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo, njengoba kwenza izimbali nezilwane.

I-Legal Amazonia, etholakala enyakatho yezwe, ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esilinganayo. Izinga lokushisa lapha livame ukwedlula i-26 ° C futhi lehle ngaphansi kuka-24 ° C. Kuvame ukuna, kuningi, kepha kube yisikhashana. Cishe nsuku zonke ntambama, kuqala imvula, ephetha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuze uhlale ngokunethezeka, kufanele uthathe kuphela izinto ezidingekayo zesizini, ngemininingwane eminingi: Isimo sezulu eRio de Janeiro.

Enyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe, kanye nasesithafeni soMfula iSan Francisco, kunesimo sezulu esomile. Kushisa kakhulu lapha, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingaba ngu-27 ° C, cishe akunayo imvula. Isamba semvula sonyaka wonke asidluli kuma-800 mm kanti izimvula kaningi azivamile futhi ziyindlala. Kuhambelana nalesi sifunda izitshalo ezingenamkhawulo: i-cacti emide nezihlahla ezinameva. Amahlathi kakhukhunathi anezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezihlahla zesundu akhula emngceleni wehlathi elimanzi lesifunda esiseduze.

Isimo sezulu engxenyeni engaphambili yeBrazil

Engxenyeni enkulu impela yeBrazil, kunesimo sezulu esishisayo. Isikhathi semvula nesomiso singabonakala lapha. Isimo sezulu esibi e-Arid sivame ukusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, futhi zonke ezinye izinyanga zonyaka zishisa nezimvula ezivamile. Amazinga okushisa waminyaka yonke aphantse abe ngu-20 ° C. Kunjalo Isimo sezulu eBrazil Kuyaphawuleka kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo: Ephakathi eBrazil, eMaranhão empumalanga, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yePiaui, kanye neBahia neMinas Geriais entshonalanga. I-Flora kule ndawo imelelwa kakhulu izihlahlana ezahlukahlukene ezinamagxolo aminyene futhi izimpande ezijulile, izimpande eziqinile, okuthiwa i-serrada. Yize kunetha kakhulu imvula, izinhlabathi zalesi sifunda azinalo uvalo ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-aluminium.

Isimo sezulu saseBrazil kwezinye izindawo eziphakemeyo ze-Atlantic Plateau, kanye nasenkabeni yezifundazwe ze-Espiritu Santo, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro naseParaná, nayo iyindawo eshisayo, kodwa inendawo ephezulu. Ehlobo, isimo sezulu sivame ukushisa kakhulu, kepha kunomswakama, imvula. Ebusika, kwesinye isikhathi iqhwa likhona, kanti ekuseni ungabona isithwathwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkomba zokushisa ezijwayelekile ngonyaka zisebangeni ukusuka ku-18 ° C kuye kuma-22 ° C. I-Flora esifundeni ayihlukile kangako kunehlathi elidumile le-equatorial ye-Amazon futhi imelelwa kakhulu ihlathi elishisayo elinabantu abanda kakhulu.

Isimo sezulu eningizimu yeBrazil

Esifundeni eseningizimu yeSouth Tropic, isimo sezulu siphezulu kakhulu. Ihlobo lishisa kakhulu, kepha ubusika buyabanda, ngisho neqhwa liwa. Kungakho amazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka engeqi ku-18 ° C. Akunasomiso, lina ngezikhathi ezithile unyaka wonke. Ngokuhambisana nokuphakama ngenhla yolwandle, izimila nazo ziyahlukahluka. Ezindaweni ezitholakala ngaphezu kwenhla yolwandle, amahlathi kaphayini ne-araucaria ayakhula, futhi notshani bukhula endaweni ephansi.

Ukulungiselela kahle uhambo lokuya eBrazil, kufanele ufunde ukuthi yiluphi ulimi olukhulunywa eBrazil.

Ogwini lwezwe, kusukela esifundazweni saseRio Grande do Norte kuze kube sekupheleni kweParanoia, kunesimo sezulu esishisayo sase-Atlantic. Amazinga okushisa wonyaka afinyelela ku-26 ° C, kube nomoya ombaxa kaningi futhi osindayo. Eningizimu-mpumalanga, izimvula zivame ukuvela ehlobo, kanti engxenyeni esenyakatho-empumalanga yogu, imvula iba khona ebusika. Lonke ihlathi lase-Atlantic likhula kuso sonke lesi sifunda. Ngaphakathi kwalokhu Isimo sezulu saseBrazil inhlokodolobha nayo itholakala - iRio de Janeiro. Izimo zezulu kuleli dolobha ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngenxa yesimo sezulu sasolwandle.

Izindawo ezinhle kakhulu eBrazil, ividiyo:

Umama wakhe kuphela ongenza ithoyizi elingcono kakhulu lengane yakhe! Esitolo sethu se-inthanethi ungathenga indwangu yamathoyizi enziwe ngokotini wemvelo oyi-100%. Into yokudlala eqediwe ngeke isisuse isikhumba sengane, okubonakalayo kuyi-hypoallergenic futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Isitolo sethu sinikeza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi ngamanani aphansi. Singathumela okuthengile kunoma yiliphi idolobha laseRussia.

Uqedile umsebenzi esihlokweni esifanayo

Ingxenye ephakathi nethafa laseBrazil nePantanal lowland itholakala endaweni yesimo sezulu esivumelanayo, okuyisici sako ukusatshalaliswa kwezikhathi zonyaka.

Ihlobo elishisayo nelinomswakama lithathelwa indawo ubusika obomile nobushisayo. Ikholomu ye-thermometer ayiweli ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-20. Ogwini, izinga lokushisa lingaphakathi kwama-degree angu-30, futhi ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zifinyelela ku-+40 degrees.

Imvula yaminyaka yonke icishe ibe ngu-500 mm, kwezinye izindawo ingaphansi kuka-250 mm, kanti engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil Plateau ihlangabezana nokuntuleka komswakama.

Isomiso eside sivame ukwenzeka lapha.

Ingxenye esempumalanga yethafa itholakala ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama, kube nenkathi yesikhathi esifushane yesomiso. Izinga lokushisa langoJulayi elingama-degree angu-+26, futhi izinga lokushisa lenyanga ebandayo +20 kakhulu.

Ukunanzelela kule ngxenye kwehla ngo-2500 mm ngonyaka kanye nenani elikhulu kunazo zonke endaweni ye-Big ledge.

Ukuhlukahluka kwesizini okushisayo kunesimo esifundeni esiseningizimu yeBrazil. Kepha lapha, ihlobo liyashisa nobusika bufudumele.

Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingama-degree angu-2020, kwezulu kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke insimu.

Ezifundeni ezinezintaba, izinga lokushisa likaJulayi lingehla laya ku-0 degrees.

Indawo yaseBrazil eseningizimu yetropiki yeCapricorn itholakala esifundeni esingaphansi komhlaba. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti, inyanga lapha ilungile futhi i-thermometer yehla yaya kuma-degrees ayi-10 nangaphansi.

Isikhathi esifudumele lapha siqala ngoJanuwari futhi siqhubeka kuze kube inyanga kaMashi, izinga lokushisa lomoya ngesikhathi sasemini likhuphukela ku- + 25 ... + 30 degrees. Ukungena kwemvula kwenzeka njalo, ngakho-ke asikho isomiso, futhi asikho isikhathi semvula.

Ubusika obukhulu obuneqhwa elivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezinemigwaqo ephezulu.

Ngakho-ke, izindawo ezine zesimo sezulu ziyahlukaniswa endaweni yaseBrazil - i-Amazonia, i-Plateau yaseBrazil, izindawo ezisogwini ezisogwini nezindawo eziseningizimu yezwe.

Isimo sezulu saseBrazil kanye nemvelo

IBrazil inezindawo ezimbili zemvelo:

• amathafa ase-Amazon
• namathafa asogwadule lwaseBrazil.

I-Amazonia lowland itholakala ngaphakathi kwesimo sezulu esilinganayo nesizibusayo, okushisa komoya kungu-+25, ama-degree angu-288 unyaka wonke kanye nenani elikhulu lemvula.

Kulezi zimo ezishisayo nezinomswakama, ulwandle lwamahlathi aluhlaza, olubizwa nge- selva, kancane kancane luphenduka indawo enamadwala - kaatinga.

Ukuheha okukhulu kwaleli hlathi yizihlahla zamabhodlela, cishe ezingenalo iqabunga leqabunga.

Ku-kating, i-10 mm yemvula iwela phakathi nonyaka emazingeni okushisa komoya angama + 25 ... + 28 degrees.

Ngokuqala kwekwindla, imvula eyodwa iletha umswakama ongaphezu kwama-300 mm ngesilinganiso sonyaka ka-800-1000 mm.

Kuleminyaka eyi-100, iminyaka engama-50 iboniswa yisomiso esibi noma izikhukhula ezimbi, yingakho kungasho lutho ukuthi le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi "inhlekelele."

Ithafa laseBrazil lingumbuso wama-savannah angajulile futhi ayisihlahla - yizi-Campos zaseSerrados.

Izitshalo zalo mbuso zivumelaniswa kahle nezikhathi ezomile nezimanzi, ngalinye lihlala isigamu sonyaka.

Amaqabunga ezihlahla mancane, embozwe ngentambo ye-wax, sekudale ungqimba lwekhakhayini kulezi ziqu - lokhu kungukuhlangana okungafani nomlilo okwenzeka kaningi.

Izimpande ezinde zisiza izitshalo ukudlulisa inkathi eyomile yezitshalo.

Njengoba zisondela e-Atlantic, izihlahla zisondela ziqinile kangangokuba zakha ikhava eliqhubekayo lamahlathi ahlala eqabile.

Ingxenye esempumalanga yeBrazil Plateau esondelene nolwandle ihlalwa yizintaba. Amatshe ayadilika ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo, imvula igeza amadwala athambile.

Ngasentshonalanga ngasempumalanga yezintaba kukhona ithafa elikhulu laseParana. Ngenyanga ebandayo kakhulu, izinga lokushisa alingehli ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-14, futhi imvula lapha minyaka yonke ihla okungenani ngo-1500 mm.

Nazi izihlahla ezinkulu zekhofi eBrazil.

Isimo sezulu saseBrazil nemisebenzi yabantu

Isimo sezulu kanye nemvelo yeBrazil kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo kanye nezimboni.

Abantu baseYurophu ekuqaleni kokuqala kukoloni kwezwe basebenzisa izindawo ezinkulu kuphela ukuthuthukisa amasimu noma imfuyo.

Akukhathalekanga ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni; baqala ukubhekana nentuthuko yayo emuva kwesikhathi esizayo.

Ubudlelwano phakathi komuntu nemvelo buchazwa ngokomfanekiso ka-A. Uslar Pietri. Wayekholelwa ukuthi abantu baseBrazil banobudlelwano obusondelene nemvelo, obunquma indlela yabo yokuphila.

EBrazil, etholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zezulu, imvelo yendalo idlala indima enkulu uma iqhathaniswa neYurophu.

Iziqongo zezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu zeCordillera kanye nezikhala ezingenamkhawulo, amahlathi angenakungeneka nemifula egcwele kakhulu emhlabeni inobutha futhi inolaka kubantu.

Ukujula kwemvelo kusongela umuntu, izimila eziqothulayo zibamba konke okusendleleni yazo, futhi izikhukhula ziguqula amathafa abe yizilwandle zasolwandle.

Phakathi kwezindawo eziminyene, amahlathi omswakama kanye nezindawo eziyinyumba ezingenamikhawulo ziwuhambo lwamahora ambalwa.

Abantu baseBrazil amakhulu amaningi eminyaka bebezondana nemvelo, obehlala behlasela izindawo zabo.

Ebuhlotsheni babo bemvelo, amaBrazil ayehlala ezwa ukuba khona kwengozi.

Abantu abakwazanga ukubhekana nemifudlana ebhuqayo, enamathafa awomileyo noma awugwadule, anezintaba-mlilo, nomhlaba oshaqisayo futhi izilwane zasendle ezihlala zinokuzonda.

Isiko lazo zonke i-Latin America ne-Brazil ikakhulukazi, livame ukukholelwa ukuthi abantu abangaphandle abakakutholi ukuxhumana nemvelo.

Isimo esikahle sokuthuthuka kwezizwe, kusobala, sasiyisimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama; sasingavimbi intuthuko yezenhlalo.

Isici esiyinhloko sokuvinjelwa kwakuyizimila - umhlaba omkhulu wehlathi futhi umuntu kwadingeka alwe njalo nalo.

Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakuyizimo ezithandekayo zemvelo ezibe nomthelela ekwandiseni intuthuko yezenhlalo, kodwa baba nomphumela omuhle kuze kube isikhathi esithile. Ngemuva kwalokho badlala indima yohlobo lokubopha.

Abantu baseBrazil bebengenayo imvamisa yemvelo okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthuka kwezenhlalo; abafunanga ukuzenzela “imizamo emihle kakhulu” ngoba imvelo inikeze konke.

Ifulegi laseBrazil:

IBrazil ihlukaniswe ngokuphathwa yaba izifunda ezingama-26 nesifunda esingu-1 sombuso. Izifunda ezi-5 zibuye zihlukaniswe: Izifunda zaseNyakatho, eNyakatho-Mpumalanga, Ephakathi neNtshonalanga, eSouth-Eastern naseNingizimu.

IBrazil igxile emisebenzini yayo kukhiqizwa kawoyela, ekukhiqizeni igesi yemvelo, ezezimoto nakwezentuthuko yezolimo. Leli lizwe lingaphandle kakhulu likashukela. Iphinde ihlinzeke amawolintshi, ubhontshisi, ikofi neminye imikhiqizo emakethe yomhlaba.

Izwe ligcwele izinsiza zemvelo. Ngokuya ngezindawo zokulondoloza izinkuni ezinzima, iBrazil iza kuqala. Umfula omude kunabo bonke emhlabeni ugeleza ezweni - i-Amazon. Emasimini ezwe kukhona ama-mineral amana njenge-manganese ore, i-iron ore, i-zinc, i-nickel, i-titanium ore. Enye yamadiphozi amakhulu egolide itholakala eningizimu yezwe. Amagugu nawo afakwa emayini.

Ukukhululeka eBrazil

Ukukhululeka kwezwe kuguquka kusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu. IGuana Plateau itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe. Ukuya phansi eningizimu yezwe kunethafa lase-Amazonia. Yonke ingxenye eseningizimu yezwe itholakala ephahleni laseBrazil.

Indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke ezweni yiMount Bandeira, ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela kumamitha angama-2890.

Amanzi angaphakathi nezwe laseBrazil

Izwe laseBrazil ligcwele emanzini asenkabeni. Enyakatho yesifunda sayo kugeleza umfula omude kunayo yonke emhlabeni - i-Amazon. Isistimu yayo inisela iningizimu yethafa laseGuana, izwe elingaphansi kwe-Amazon kanye nenyakatho yethafa laseBrazil. Lo mfula ugcwele izikhukhula futhi uhamba ngomgwaqo unyaka wonke.

Elinye iBrazil liniselwa imifula emincane, njengemifula ye-Uruguay neParaná eningizimu, umfula iParaguay ngasentshonalanga, nomfula iSan Francisco osempumalanga. Lonke ithafa laseBrazil liniselwa imifula emifushane. Kukhona futhi amachibi ambalwa ezweni, atholakala eningizimu: Amachibi asePatus naseMannheira angamachibi amakhulu kunawo wonke. Futhi nasensimini yezwe ngenxa yokukhululeka kwayo kunezimpophoma eziningi, kufaka phakathi i-Iguazu Falls enhle kakhulu.

Izimbali nezilwane zaseBrazil

Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu nokukhululeka ezweni, ukwahluka kwezilwane nezitshalo kumane kukhulu. Izwe linenamba enkulu yezinhlobo zezinkawu zasendle, izinhlanzi, izinyoni, izilwane zasendle, njll. Ososayensi basathola futhi bathola izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane ehlathini lase-Amazon. Kwezilwane ezingajwayelekile kakhulu, iMargay, armadillos, i-phenam, i-antteater, abbhaka, i-guar, i-anaconda, i-caiman kanye nezinye izilwane eziningi ezingavamile futhi ezikhanyayo kufanele ziveliswe. Uphawu lweBrazil inyoni yaseToucan, ehlala kuleli.

Izimbali zaseBrazil nazo zihlukile. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo zifinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50 000. IBrazil idume ngamahlathi ayo ezinhlaka ezibomvu ze -iteite. Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezihlahla zesundu, izihlahla zikashokholethi, izihlahla zobisi, i-coniferous araucaria kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezihlahla ezingaziwa emasimini alo. IBrazil nayo yaziwa kakhulu ngeminduze yayo emikhulu yamanzi nama-orchid.

Uma ukuthandile lokhu kwaziswa, kwabelane ngakho nabangani bakho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ngiyabonga!

Impendulo kwesokunxele Isimenywa

IBrazil iseSouthern Hemisphere, kanti nezikhathi zonyaka ziyaguqulwa uma kuqhathaniswa neNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Izinkathi eBrazil zisatshalaliswa kanjena:
Isuka ngoSepthemba 22 kuya kuDisemba 21
Ehlobo kusuka ngoDisemba 22 kuya ku-Mashi 21
I-Autumn kusuka ngoMashi 22 kuya kuJuni 21
Ubusika kusuka ngoJuni 22 kuya kuSepthemba 21

Iningi leBrazil litholakala esifundeni esishisayo, futhi ukuphela kwaso kuphela eseningizimu nesifunda. Indawo ezindaweni eziphansi eziphakeme ibanga inani elikhulu lemisebe yelanga ezweni kanye nokushisa okuphezulu konyaka, okusuka ku-14,7 kuye ku-28.3 °. La maqondo okushisa ancipha kancane kancane ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu; Ukushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa okuphelele kuchazwa ngumahluko ezimweni ezingokomzimba nezendawo yezifunda ngazinye: ukuphakama kwendawo, ukuqondiswa komoya oshisayo, umswakama womoya, ukuba khona kwezikhathi zokucekelwa phansi kwemvula okuvimbela ukufuthelana kwenhlabathi futhi kunomthelela ekushiseni okungaphansi, noma ukungabikho kwamahlathi. Ezweni, ngaphandle kwezinye izindawo zaseNyakatho-mpumalanga, inani elikhulu lezimvula liwela - ngaphezu kwe-1000 mm ngonyaka. EBrazil eshisayo, umehluko kumazinga okushisa ezinyanga abanda kakhulu futhi afudumele awekho ngaphezulu kuka-3. 40.

Ukungena kusatshalaliswa ngokungalingani unyaka wonke. Kuhlukaniswe izinkathi ezimbili: eyomile neyinethayo. Isimo sezulu siyashintsha kusuka e-equatorial enomswakama njalo entshonalanga yesifunda saseAmazon (isilinganiso sokushisa saminyaka yonke singama-24 26 ° C, kwezulu kungama-3200 mm noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka) esimweni sezulu esivumelana nesikhathi esomile esifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4 empumalanga yesifunda saseAmazon nasemithambekeni asondelene noGuana kanye nethafa laseBrazil (1200- 2400 mm of kwezulu). Ngethafa laseBrazil elifika ku-24 ° S. w. Isimo sezulu esivumelana nesimo sezulu sishisa ngokushisa okushisa (22. 28 °) kanye nehlobo elinomswakama nobusika obufudumele (17. 24 °). Maphakathi nethafa nethafa eliphansi lePantanal, kunesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo sasehlobo (1200-1600 mm of kwezimvula) esinendawo enkulu nsuku zonke (maphakathi nethafa laseBrazil kuze kube ngu-25 °) futhi njalo ngenyanga (ezifundeni zaseSanta Catarina naseParana kuze kufike ku-50 °). Okukhulu nokunuka okungajwayelekile kuyizindawo ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yethafa laseBrazil, ezizungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngamaseva aphezulu nama-chaples. Eminyakeni ejwayelekile, inani lezulu lapha lisuka ku-500 laya ku-1200 mm. Isomiso eside sivame ukuvela kule ndawo. Ngesikhathi sezikhathi zemvula kukhona imvula enkulu kangangokuba ibanga izikhukhula ezinkulu.

Empumalanga yethafa laseBrazil, isimo sezulu siyashisa, sishisa futhi sinomswakama (800-1600 mm of kwezimvula ngonyaka, futhi emthambekeni osempumalanga weSerra do Mar - kuze kube ngu-2400 mm ngonyaka). Ezintabeni, kuvezwa indawo eyi-altitudinal. IParana Plateau enyakatho yetropiki eseningizimu ibonakala ngesimo sezulu esishisayo esinomswakama njalo. Ethafeni elishubhu eliseningizimu yetropiki eseningizimu kunesimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo esishisayo, ebonakala ngamahlobo ashisayo nobusika obuphakeme (isilinganiso sikaJulayi sokushisa singama-11. 13 ° C, iqhwa kungenzeka ku -5. -8 ° C), amazinga okushisa aphakathi nonyaka ayi-16 19 ° C, no ngaseningizimu, ayanda amanani okushisa esikhathi sonyaka. Izinga lokuwa kwehla lisuka ku-1200 laya ku-2400 mm ngonyaka, futhi lisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo unyaka wonke. Izimo zezulu zaseBrazil zilungele ukukhula cishe kuzo zonke izilimo, kanti ukungabikhona kwezikhathi ezibandayo zikuvumela ukuthi uthole ezimbili, kanti ezinye izilimo (ikakhulukazi, ubhontshisi) izilimo ezi-3-4 ngonyaka.

Abahambi abaningi bazama ukuthola imininingwane ngesimo sezulu saseBrazil. Le ndatshana izosiza ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo futhi yethule abafundi ngezimpawu zezulu zezulu kuleli lizwe elihle.

IBrazil isendaweni eseningizimu ye-hemisphere, ngakho ubusika nehlobo kuthatha indawo yomunye ngokulandelana kweYurophu. Isimo sezulu sezwe laseNingizimu Melika iBrazil sikhulu ngenxa yendawo yaso enkulu nobude obude ogwini loLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Iningi lezwe litholakala esifundeni esishisayo endaweni ephansi enezindawo eziphansi, ngakho-ke ingxenye engaphambili yonyaka inamazinga okushisa aphakeme ngesikhathi sasemini nasebusuku. Ngamafuphi, isimo sezulu eBrazil siyashisa futhi sinomswakama ngokulinganayo. Insimu yezwe inwebelana ngezigaba ezintathu zezulu: equatorial, subtropical and tropical. Ukuchaza isimo sezulu ngokuningiliziwe, kufanele ucabangele indawo ngayinye yesimo sezulu ngokuhlukile.

Ibhande le-equatorial lithwebula ingxenye yezwe esenyakatho-empumalanga yezwe, ikakhulukazi izifunda zase-Amazonas, iPara nengxenye ebalulekile yeMato Grosso. Kunemvula eningi phakathi nonyaka. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka ligcinwa kuma-25 ° C. Ukwehluka okuningana kokushisa akujwayelekile kulesi sifunda. Lesi simo sezulu sikulungele ukukhulisa amahlathi adumile e-Amazon.

Isifunda sezulu esingasentabeni sibandakanya indawo etholakala eningizimu yetropiki yeCapricorn. Kubandakanya izifunda zaseParana, iSanta Catarina nengxenye yeSao Paulo. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti - kupholile. Ikholomu ye-thermometer ivame ukwehla iye ku-10⁰⁰ bese iphansi. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMashi, isikhathi esifudumele kakhulu siyaqala, izinga lokushisa lesikhathi sosuku likhuphukela ku + 25 ... + 30⁰С. Azikho izimvula nesomiso, imvula njalo. Ezindaweni ezinendawo engabizwa ngokuthi i-altitudinal, ubusika bunamandla kakhulu; iqhwa livame ukwenzeka.

Iningi lensimu itholakala endaweni eshisayo yesimo sezulu. Isimo sezulu esomile sisebusika ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba. Entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla, amazinga okushisa aphakeme nomswakama kuyaphawulwa. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka lingama-20⁰С. Lo mkhakha ufaka ingxenye ephakathi neBrazil, izifunda zaseMaranhão, iBahia, iMinas Gerais nePiaui.

Ikhulukazi kulabo abafuna imininingwane yesimo sezulu eBrazil izinyanga, lesi sibalo sikhombisa idatha ekushiseni komoya okujwayelekile emadolobheni aseBrazil kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka:

Ngaphambi kokukhetha indawo yokuphumula nokuhlela uhambo, naka ukushisa kwamanzi okukhona njalo eBrazil. Imininingwane ethathwe yaziwa kakhulu endaweni yaseRio de Janeiro:

Kafushane nje, isimo sezulu eBrazil singachazwa njengokuphambene nokwaseYurophu. Iningi lezwe litholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakho-ke isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela izivakashi ukuthi zikwazi ukuya eBrazil nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

Sinjani isimo sezulu eBrazil?

Masinyane izinhlobo eziyisithupha zesimo sezulu , ngayinye yayo inezimpawu zayo:

Uhlobo lwe-Equatorial - kubonakaliswa imvula enkulu nokushisa komoya okujwayelekile. Okudabula endaweni ye-Amazon. Imvula lapha cishe nsuku zonke ntambama,

Izitshalo ezijwayelekile zalolu hlobo lwesimo sezulu zingamahlathi anomswakama omile.