Amakhoyili ayizakhamuzi ezifanayo ezijwayelekile zemizimba yethu yamanzi angenamanzi njengamachibi, kodwa ngezindlela eziningi ziyehluka kubo ngendlela yabo yokuphila.

Igobolondo lekhoyili, elinokubukeka okuhluke ngokuphelele, linzima kunelasechibini: echibini, ngemuva kokumiswa, isisindo segobolondo singama-80% esisindo somzimba, futhi izingxenye ezithambile zingama-20%, ngenkathi ikhoyili igobolondo liyi-91% kanti izingxenye ezithambile, ngokulandelana, zingama-9% kuphela. Igobolondo lekhoyili linesimo esime-disc, ama-curls alo asontekile wonke endizeni eyodwa futhi awaphakanyiswanga ngaphezulu komlomo. Kaningi zigcinwa ezindaweni zasemanzini kanye nezinhlanzi. Ikhoyili ayakhiqizi imfucumfucu eningi njengechibi, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayikwazi ukukhamba phezu kwamanzi. Ukuphefumula kwesikhumba, ngokusobala, nakho kudlala indima encane kulezi zimbumbulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezilwane zasemanzini.

Amalahle angawama-gastropods e-pulmonary futhi anamaphaphu amakhulu kakhulu. Izindonga zegobolondo lekhoyili egobekile (i-Anisus vortex) zicishe zibe sobala, futhi ngazo ungabona inhliziyo ekhanyayo futhi eshaya eduze kwayo. Igobolondo lekhoyili eligobekile liqukethe ama-curls angama-7-8. Uma, sesilinganise ubude bezinguquko, ngokwengqondo ngokwandisa lekhoyili, ubude bayo buzoba ngamamilimitha angama-75, kanye nobude bamaphimitha angama-42, i.e. ngaphezu kwengxenye yobude bonke bomnenke. Kuhlalwa imithombo yezindawo zokugcina ezincane ezincane - ezigodini, emachibini - amakhoyili amancane aphefumula umoya wasemkhathini, ekhuphuka ebusweni bamanzi bese evula imbobo ephashini. Kepha kumachibi kwesinye isikhathi atholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-2-5. Ukusuka kulokhu kujula, amakhoyili awakwazi ukukhuphuka ngokuphefumula ebusweni bamanzi. Amaphaphu alena yeminenke angagcwaliswa ngamanzi, futhi umoya-mpilo wehluka ngokuqondile emanzini ungene emithanjeni yegazi eluma amaphaphu.

Ngaphezu kwephaphu lelo, ikhoyili inesinye isitho okwenziwa ngaso ukuphefumula: isibambo sakhiwa emaphethelweni wengubo ebambekile, eboshwe ngokuqinile yimikhumbi nemisebenzi njenge-gill yesibili. Igazi lisebenza ngokubomvu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin.

Ebusika, ngaphansi kweqhwa, i-coil ayikhanyi njengechibi, kodwa amanga, angcwatshwe kusilika, adonswe ngokujulile echibini. Lokhu kuyi-hibernation yangempela lapho zonke izinqubo zokuphila zenzeka kancane kakhulu. Inhliziyo ye-coil "yokulala" ishaya izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngomzuzu, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile - izikhathi ezingama-25-30.

Ukuba khona kwegill yesibili kukhoyili, i-hemoglobin, ekhulisa ukumunwa komoya ophefumulwayo yigazi, amandla okuphefumula ngosizo lwamaphaphu agcwele amanzi kuyawavumela ukuthi ancike kancane ebusweni bamanzi kunechibi. Emazingeni okushisa kwamanzi angama-15-16 degrees, ichibi liya phezulu lapho inani le-oksijini emaphashini alo liyehla lifike ku-13%, bese ikhoyili ingakaphumi leli nani lehliselwa ku-4%. Ngakho-ke, amakhoyili mancane amathuba okuthi akhuphukele ngaphezu kwamachibi.

Emanzini abandayo, ungabona ukuthi uphondo lwenzeka kanjani phansi ngesibungu esikhulu somoya we-pulmonary emlonyeni we-conch, ukhishwe esivulelweni sokuphefumula. Umoya we-bubble, obamba umoya-mpilo emanzini azungezile, uyaphinda futhi uphefumule futhi udonswa ekholini lamaphaphu yikhoyili.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwekhoyili

Amakhoyili, njengama-mollusks amaningi e-gastropod, ayizidalwa ezinokuhlobana, kepha ukuzwana kwawo kuyathelelana. Ngakho-ke, ama-coil wodwa amaqanda awazibeki. Imichilo yamaqanda ekhokhini yamaphondo ibukeka njenge-pancake noma ikhekhe eliphakeme eliphakeme, elinentambo ephothiwe kabili, futhi iqukethe amaqanda angama-45-70 apinki afakwe ku-mnene we-gelatinous. Izilwane zinamathela ekwenzeni lula ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo zasemanzini noma kwezinye izinto ezilukhuni. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, kuphuma iminenku emincane emaqandeni.

Amakhoyili ajwayelekile kulo lonke elase Russia.

Inhlanzi Emanzini Amhlophe

Kuzo zonke izinhlanzi ezaziwa yisayensi, cishe ama-41% ezinhlobo ahlala emanzini amasha. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izinhlobo zezinja (ezifudukayo) ezihlala olwandle, kodwa zizalela kuphela emanzini amasha, ngokwesibonelo, i-salmon ne-herring. Izinhlanzi ezingamaCatadromous zingenye into; kunalokho, zivele emanzini anosawoti bese ziphindela emifuleni yazo engomdabu. Isibonelo esithusayo salokhu i-river eel - inhlanzi ebunjiwe nge-ray enomzimba wenyoka.

Kepha kunezinhlobo zemvelo ezingamanzi ahlanzekile kuphela, okuthi noma izingxenyana zephesenti elilodwa likasawoti emanzini zibulawe, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlanzi ezisekupheleni kweLake Baikal - iBaikal anor ne-burbot - okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile afana ne-cod-like. Yiziphi ezinye izinhlanzi ezihlala emanzini amasha?

Le yinhlanzi edla inyama eyaziwayo kuwo wonke umuntu, i-heroine yezinganekwane nezinsumansumane. Umgogodla we-Heilbronn pike odumile ugcinwa esontweni lesonto lamaJalimane iMannheim. Kuthiwa iKosi yaseJalimane uFrederick II wabamba le pike ekwindla ka-1230, enezinduku futhi ededela. Inhlanzi yabanjwa kuphela ngo-1497, lapho ikhula yaba ngu-5.7 m!

Photo of pike ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Inani lezindikimba zamanzi

Yimiphi imizimba yamanzi yemvelo endaweni yakini? Mhlawumbe kunemizimba yamanzi yemvelo: umfula, ichibi, umfudlana (Fig. 1-3).

U-fig. 2. I-Arakul Lake (Umthombo)

Noma okwenziwe ngobuciko: ichibi, isichibi, umsele (Fig. 4-6).

U-fig. 5. Indawo yokugcina amanzi (Umthombo)

Noma ngabe iyini indawo yokugcina amanzi, yemvelo, eyokuhlobisa, ihlobisa umhlaba wethu, iyasijabulisa ngobuhle bayo. Emanzini amasha sithatha amanzi, ngaphandle kwawo esingakwazi ukukwenza empilweni yansuku zonke noma ekukhiqizeni. Emachibini siyabhukuda, sibeka eceleni kwabo ilanga, sihamba ngamanzi emikhunjini, sithutha imithwalo. Ukubaluleka kwemizimba yamanzi emvelweni kukhulu. Amanzi ahlanzekile iyisimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuphila komuntu emhlabeni, nakwizilwane ezihlala emanzini, futhi okuwukuphela kwendlu. Emanzini kukhona konke okudingekayo empilweni: ukukhanya, ukushisa, umoya namaminerali ancibilikile.

Izitshalo zamanzi

Yiziphi izitshalo ezikhulayo futhi yiziphi izilwane ezihlala emanzini amasha? Kanye echibini ngenkathi efudumele, ungabona kuphela izakhamizi ezihlala ngaphezulu. Kepha impilo ikuyo yonke indawo echibini: eceleni kolwandle, nangaphezulu, nangaphezulu kolayini lwamanzi, phansi impela phansi. Emaphethelweni echibini ungabona amaqabunga neziqu zomhlanga, umhlanga, ikhathalogi, umcibisholo. Ukujula okungashoni kuvumela lezi zitshalo ukuba zinamathele ngaphansi kwechibi. Ekujuleni okukhulu kakhulu, ikhula i-lily emanzi emhlophe, ikhebula elincane leqanda (Fig. 7, 8). Kumanzi abushelelezi lwamanzi izimbali zawo namaqabunga abanzi ayantanta.

U-fig. 7. Umnduze wamanzi amhlophe (Umthombo)

U-fig. 8. Ingulube ephuzi (Umthombo)

Lezi zitshalo zazivumelanisa kanjani nokuphila enhlabathini enomswakama omningi, lapho cishe kungenawo umoya-mpilo? Uma sibheka ingxenye yeziqu zohlanga, imihlanga, ikhathalogi, ungabona iziteshi zomoya ezidlula esixekweni salezi zitshalo (Umdwebo 9, 10).

Kukhona iziteshi ezingama-airy emaqabungeni nasezimpandeni zezitshalo zasemanzini. I-lily emanzi emhlophe kanye nephuzi leqanda le-petiole eliphuzi leqabunga kanye ne-peduncle, lapho izimbali zihlala khona, nazo zingena ngemigwaqo yomoya, lapho umoya-mpilo obalulekile ungena khona. Egqekeza imbali, umuntu alimaza isitshalo sonke. Amanzi aqala ukungena endaweni yokuqhekeka esitshalweni, lokhu kuholela ekuboshweni kwengxenye engaphansi kwamanzi futhi, ekugcineni, ukufa kwesitshalo sonke.

Utshani obudotshwe ngendlela yamapuleti amancane aluhlaza nabo butheleka ngaphezu kwendawo yokugcina amanzi, kepha bunganamatheli phansi nezimpande, kanti ulwelwe oluncane kakhulu oluhlaza lukukholomu lwamanzi, lungahlolwa kuphela ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Kepha ukuba khona kwabo kukhipha umbala wamanzi. Lapho kunenqwaba yazo echibini, umbala wamanzi uphenduka uluhlaza.

Izitshalo nezilwane

Ngabe zidlala yiphi indima ezimpilweni zezakhamizi eziningi zemizimba yamanzi? Okokuqala, izitshalo eziluhlaza zithatha isikhutha kusuka emoyeni ngaphansi kwethonya elangeni, bese zikhipha umoya-mpilo emanzini adingekayo ekuphefumuleni kwazo zonke izilwane. Okwesibili, izinyoni, ama-amphibians, izinambuzane nezibungu zazo, izinhlanzi zithola isiphephelo nokudla emathangeni ase-reservoir. Izilwane ezisezindlini zokugcina zikhulu zitholakala kuyo yonke indawo: ngaphezulu kanye nekholamu yamanzi, ogwini, ezansi, ezitshalweni zasemanzini. Ukuxhumana okuyikho phakathi kwezilwane nezitshalo kungukudla. Lapha izimbangi zamanzi zigijima ngokushesha phezu kwamanzi futhi zidle umiyane nezinye izilwane ezincane.

Imilenze yabo emide ngaphansi ngaphansi imbozwe ngamafutha, yingakho amanzi ebabamba. Futhi ezihlotsheni zezitshalo zamanzi ziphila: ichibi kanye nekhoyili (Fig. 12, 13).

Ngaphandle kwakhe umfula awunakuphila ngaphandle kwakhe

Ngubani ongaphila umfula ngaphandle? Ama-crustaceans amancane kakhulu amachibi, i-daphnia kanye ne-cyclops, ahlala futhi ebusika emanzini. Inani labo likhulu kancane kune-comma esebhuku (Fig. 14, 15).

Into ephawuleka kakhulu nge-daphnia amadevu ayo amade. Bazishisela amadevu abo, bawehlise kakhulu, bavele emanzini bese begxuma. Izigcawu zinehlo elingaphambili elingenasici, yingakho laqanjwa ngegama.

Umfula awukwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwama-crustaceans, ngoba ahlanza amanzi kumagciwane angabonakali ngamehlo, ulwelwe oluhlaza okotshani nezilwane ezincane, uma kungenjalo kuma-crustaceans, umfula ubuchichima ngokushesha ngabo. IDaphnia neCyclops, njengabanye abahlala emfuleni, zidla ngalezi zinto, ngaleyo ndlela zihlanza amanzi. Bona uqobo badla njengokudla kwenhlanzi yezinhlanzi, imollusks, tadpoles, izibungu zezinambuzane.

Amabhola

Ngabe ukhona ohlala emfuleni ngaphandle kwekhanda? Lawa ama-mollusks, i-toothless futhi eyingozi.

Okokuqala, usinki, ohlanganisa amapuleti amabili amade, uzolala ungashisi, bese kuthi izimbobo zawo zivuleke kancane bese kuphuma umlenze kuwo, kungabikho nethawula noma ibhali leparele. Uyokwelula umlenze wokugcoba amathe bese ewunamathela esihlabathini, isicwila sihamba. I-Toothless izohamba ngamasentimitha angama-2-3, iphumule - bese iphinda isemgwaqweni. Ngakho-ke uhamba ngaphansi komfula. I-Toothless ikhipha ukudla nomoya ngqo emanzini. Kancane kancane uvula izimbobo zegobolondo bese uqala ukudonsa emanzini, bese uyakulahla. Amanzi agcwele izilwane ezincane kunazo zonke, awela echibini, ngakho-ke i-toothless ibaphethe ngamadivayisi akhethekile. Toothless uphefumula futhi udle, futhi ngasikhathi sinye hlanza amanzi. Futhi ibhali liyasebenza. Usuku ngalunye luhlanza cishe amalitha angama-40-50 wamanzi. Ama-Shellfish, izibungu zezinambuzane, ama-tadpoles adliwa izinhlanzi, izingwamza, izimbotshana, amadada. Ubhungane lokubhukuda lusebenzisa ezinye izinambuzane, kanye nezibungu, iminenke, izifutho. Amaxoxo adla ezingxenyeni ezisogwini zezindikimba zamanzi, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane ezindizayo, futhi uqobo kungukudla kwezidalwa ezinhlanzi nezinhlanzi ezidliwayo, i-perch ne-pike. Amakhowe, izinyoni zasolwandle, ama-kingfisher adla izinhlanzi nezinambuzane ezintsha.

Impilo yomdlavuza

Ukudla okuyinhloko komdlavuza yimifino. Kepha udla ngezilwane ngentshiseko, kanye nezinsalela zezilwane ezifile. Ngakho-ke, ama-crayfish ngokuvamile abizwa ngokulandelana kwamachibi.

Amakhrayoni ezimpilweni zawo aguqula igobolondo. Izitho zomzimba zekhrayoni ezakhiwe kahle zithuthukiswe kahle, Amehlo adonswa phambili ngeziqu ezondile futhi aqukethe inani elikhulu, amehlo ayi-3000, amancane. Izimbotshana ezimfishane umqondo wokuhogela, futhi ezinde ziwumqondo wokuthintwa. Uma umhlaseli ebamba umdlavuza uzipho, umdlavuza wawo uyaphuka bese ucasha emgodini. Isigaxa esilahlekile sizokhula emuva. Amakhrayoni azwela kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ngenxa yalokho, ezindaweni lapho atholakala khona, akhuluma ngokuhlanzeka kwemvelo kwemizimba yamanzi.

Iseli elilodwa

Zonke izinyoka zidinga amanzi, ngoba yizibungu zazo kuphela ezingahlala lapho. Ama-larvae awabukeki njengama-dragonflies amadala, amehlo abo anjalo kuphela. Iso ngalinye liqukethe amehlo acishe abe ngama-30,000.

U-fig. 19. Udrako Lamba (Umthombo)

Womabili la mehlo acwebezelisiwe, ukuze udrako ungabuke ngasikhathi sinye kuzo zonke izinkomba. Zonke izinyoka ezidla izinyamazane, zizingela emoyeni, zibamba izinambuzane endizayo.

U-fig. 20. Amehlo kadrako (Umthombo)

Izibungu zedrako, inyamazane egwaza, iphonsa phambili izindebe eziphansi kakhulu. Imvamisa izindebe ziyagoqwa futhi zimboze ikhanda njengemaskhi. I-larva ifaka amanzi esikhwameni esikhulu semisipha ngaphakathi emzimbeni, bese siyikhipha ngamandla. Kuvela ukudubula kwamanzi. Ngemuva konyaka, kuthi ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, izibungu zifinyelele phezulu, kuqhume isikhumba sezibungu bese kuvela udrako kuso. Uzohlala amahora amaningi, anwebe amaphiko akhe andize ahambe.

Ngubani ohlezi emthonjeni wamanzi? Uma ubheka ngesibonakhulu, kuzovuleka umhlaba omuhle wezidalwa ezingaziwa. Nasi inhlama ecishe ibe sobala eshintsha ngaso sonke isikhathi - yi-amoeba.

Ezinye izidalwa zifana nezicathulo ezincane, ngakho-ke zibizwa. Umzimba wesicucu umbozwe yi-cilia, ngamunye unekhono lokulawula lezi cilia futhi ubhukuda ngokushesha.

Ama-Trumpeter ayizakhamuzi ezinhle kakhulu zedonsi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza okotshani, okufana nezimbali eziboshwe.

Ama-Trumpeter ahamba kancane futhi kuphela phambili. Uma okuthile kuyabesabisa, khona-ke bayakhubazeka futhi bafanane namabhola. Ama-Amoebas, ama-slipper nama-blowers ayizinto eziphilayo ezineseli elilodwa ezidla amagciwane.

Izimbangi nazo zihlala endaweni yokuquba yamanzi. Le yi-didin.

Yize emncane kuno isicucu, akamhlaseli ngesibindi nje kuphela, kepha futhi uyigwinya ngokuphelele, ivuvukala njengebhola.

Izitshalo, izilwane, namagciwane ahlala echibini lamanzi amnandi; onke avumelaniswa kahle nokuphila emanzini futhi axhumene ngamaketanga okudla. Lapho izitshalo nezilwane zifa, ziqongelela ngaphansi kwamachibi, ngaphansi kwethonya lamagciwane, ziyachithwa bese ziguqulwa zibe usawoti, oncibilika emanzini bese zisetshenziswa ezinye izilwane. Ichibi lingumphakathi wemvelo.

Isifinyezo

Namuhla esifundweni, uthole umbono omusha ngogesi wamanzi amnandi njengomphakathi wamanzi ahlanzekile futhi wahlangana nabakhileyo kuwo.

Izinkomba

1. IVakhrushev A.A., UDanilov D.D. Umhlaba ezungeze 3. - M .: Ballas.
2. UDmitrieva N.Ya., Kazakov A.N. Umhlaba ezungeze 3. - M: Ukushicilela Indlu "Fedorov".
3. IPleshakov A.A. Umhlaba ezungeze 3. - M: Ezemfundo.

Izixhumanisi ezingeziwe ezinconyelwe izinsiza ze-Inthanethi

Umsebenzi wasekhaya

1. Yini amanzi amasha owaziyo?
2. Yiziphi izilwane ezitholakala emachibini?
3. Kungani kuthiwa ichibi lingumphakathi wemvelo?

Uma uthola iphutha noma isixhumanisi esiphukile, sicela usazise - yenza umnikelo wakho ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi.

Isakhiwo semollusk

Igobolondo ezintanjeni linesimo esime-disc, wonke ama-curls asendizeni efanayo, ngenkathi engaphakanyiswanga ngenhla komlomo.

Uma ichibi selomile, isisindo segobolondo laso lizoba ngama-80%, okungukuthi, izicubu ezithambile zakha ama-20% kuphela, kepha i-coil inesisindo esingu-91%, kanti isisindo somzimba wonke singama-9% kuphela.

Kaningi, amakhoyili agcinwa ezindaweni zasemanzini kanye nezinhlanzi. Lezi zimbumbulu ziveza umphuzi omncane kunechibi, ngoba azazi ukuthi zizokhamba kanjani ebusweni bamanzi. Ukuphefumula kwesikhumba akudlali indima enkulu kubo, ngokuqhathaniswa ne-prudoviks.

Amalahle angama-gastropods e-pulmonary, okusho ukuthi anephaphu elikhulu. Igobolondo lamakhoyili licishe libonakale, ngakho-ke amaphaphu nenhliziyo eseduze kwalo kubonakala kahle kuwo. Igobolondo lakha ama-curls angama-7-8. Uma ulinganisa ubude bokuvukelwa okungashintshiwe, khona-ke ubude bawo buzoba ngamamilimitha angama-75, kuyilapho ubude bephaphu bungamamilimitha angama-42, okungukuthi, bamba iningi lomzimba we-mollusk.

Amakhoyili ahlala atshalwa ezindaweni zasemanzini.

Amalahle Indlela Yokuphila

Amalahle ahlala phakathi kwamathokisi ezinqolobane ezincane, futhi aphefumula umoya wesibhakabhaka, ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile akhuphukela ebusweni bamanzi futhi avule amaphaphu awo. Yize lezi zinkumba zihlala ikakhulu emachibini amancanyana ngisho nasezibayeni, zingatholakala futhi emachibini, ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-2-5. Ukusuka kulokhu kujula kunzima kubo ukukhuphukela ngaphezu kwamanzi. Izakhamizi zechibi ezinesigamu zamaphaphu wazo zigcwele amanzi, zikhiqiza umoya-mpilo ngokuqondile emanzini, engena emithanjeni yegazi, ezungeze amaphaphu ngenethiwekhi eminyene.

Ikhoyili inesinye isitho sokuphefumula - emaphethelweni engubo kukhona isibaya esigoqiwe ngemikhumbi, esebenza njenge gill yesibili. Igazi lalezi zinhlungu libomvu, ngoba liqukethe i-hemoglobin.

IHemoglobin ikhona egazini lale mollusks.

Ebusika, amakhoyili awabuni njengamachibi, kodwa agijimele esigxotsheni aqambe amanga adonsele echibini.Okusho ukuthi, amakhoyili awela hibernation, futhi zonke izinqubo zawo zokuphila zihamba kancane. Ngesikhathi hibernation, inhliziyo yabo yenza ukushaywa okungama-3-4 ngomzuzu, yize ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kushaya cishe izikhathi ezingama-25-30.

Ngenxa yokuthi amakhoyili ane-gill yesibili, i-hemoglobin, ingaphefumula isebenzisa uhhafu wamaphaphu ogcwele amanzi, incike kakhulu ebusweni bamanzi kunamachibi. Lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingama-15-16 degrees, futhi inani le-oksijini emaphashini liyi-13%, ichibi likhuphukela phezulu kwamanzi, bese ikhoyili liphuphuma lapho inani le-oksijini lehlela ku-4%. Okusho ukuthi, amakhoyili mancane amathuba okuthi akhuphukele phezulu kunamachibi.

Uma amanzi epholile. ke amakhoyili asezansi.

Emanzini apholile, amakhoyili ahlala phansi phansi, ngesibungu esikhulu somoya we-pulmonary ezansi kwegobolondo. Le bubble imunca umoya-mpilo emanzini, iba namandla okuphefumula, bese kuthi ikhoyili idonsele amaphaphu.

Amalahle awondla kanjani

Ukudla kwamakhoyili kuqukethe i-algae encane. I-Shellfish izisuse ezintweni ezingaphansi kwamanzi nezitshalo nge-grater eyenziwe kahle egreyidi ebizwa ngokuthi i-radula. Kungakho amakhoyili agcinwa e-aquariums, ngoba ahlanze kahle izindonga zengilazi kusuka kulwelwe.

Amakhoyili abizwa ngokulandelana kwe-aquarium, ngoba ahlanze izindonga ze-algae zokunamathela.

Izinyoni

Idada lomfula

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Inkosi i-heron

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I-Toadstool

p, blockquote 40,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 41,0,0,0,0 ->

Yakan

p, blockquote 42,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 43,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Plypus

p, blockquote 44,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 45,0,0,0,0 ->

I-swan

p, blockquote 46,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 47,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Kingfisher

p, blockquote 48,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 49,0,0,0,0 ->

Coot

p, blockquote 50,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 51,0,0,0,0 ->

Izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinambuzane

Ubhungane olubushelelezi

p, blockquote 52,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 53,1,0,0,0 ->

Umiyane

p, blockquote 54,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 55,0,0,0,0 ->

Hhawu

p, blockquote 56,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 57,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 58,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 59,0,0,0,0 ->

Caddy

p, blockquote 60,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 61,0,0,0,0 ->

Izirhubuluzi

p, blockquote 62,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 63,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 64,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 65,0,0,0,0 ->

Ama-Amphibians

ICrfishfish

p, blockquote 66,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 67,0,0,0,0 ->

Newt

p, blockquote 68,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 69,0,0,0,0 ->

Isele

p, blockquote 70,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 71,0,0,0,0 ->

Ithuluzi

p, blockquote 72,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 73,0,0,0,0 ->

Echibini elivamile

p, blockquote 74,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 75,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Leech

p, blockquote 76,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 77,0,0,0,0 ->

Omama

Isilima

p, blockquote 78,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 79,0,0,1,0 ->

I-European mink

p, blockquote 80,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 81,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 82,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 83,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Tapir

p, blockquote 84,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 85,0,0,0,0 ->

INutria

p, blockquote 86,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 87,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Beaver

p, blockquote 88,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 89,0,0,0,0 ->

Weasel

p, blockquote 90,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 91,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Otter

p, blockquote 92,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 93,0,0,0,0 ->

Muskrat

p, blockquote 94,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 95,0,0,0,0 ->

Imvubu

p, blockquote 96,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 97,0,0,0,0 ->

Manatee

p, blockquote 98,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 99,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Baikal seal

p, blockquote 100,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 101,0,0,0,0 ->

ICapybara

p, blockquote 102,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 103,0,0,0,0 ->

Isiphetho

Izinhlanzi, izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni nezinambuzane ziyizilwane ezibonakalayo kakhulu ezihlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi amasha, kodwa izidalwa eziningi ezincane ezinjengama-crustaceans kanye nama-mollusks, nazo zihlala lapho. Ezinye izinhlanzi zidinga umoya-mpilo omningi emanzini futhi zibhukuda emifudlaneni esheshayo nasemifuleni, ezinye zitholakala emachibini. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezithanda amanzi, njengama-beaver, zikhetha imifudlana emincane nezindawo zokubhukuda. Izilwanyane nezinambuzane zithanda ukubhukuda, gwema amachibi amakhulu. Ama-shrimp namanzi amancanyana akhethwa ngamachibi ahamba kancane namachibi. UMoshkara uhlala ematsheni asogwini nezihlahla eziwile.