I-Pecilia ingeyokulandelana kwezinhlanzi ezinjengokuthwala bukhoma. Emvelweni wemvelo, lokhu kuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi kukhetha amanzi ahlanzekile noma amachibi amancane athambile anezimila ezinamanzi amaningi aphansi kwamanzi futhi imvamisa iyindawo enodaka.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zinhlobo imifula yaseningizimu yeMexico neMelika.
Izinhlobo zemvelo zePecilia zinemizimba emincane eqinile, imvamisa engeqi ku-6 cm ubude, ngombala obuthuntu obphuzi nobumpunga. Isimo sazo sinama-rhomboid anamehlo amakhulu nezindebe.
Ezindaweni zokuhlala zemvelo, i-Pecilia imvamisa iba inyamazane yezilwane ezidla izinyamazane; ekhaya, isikhathi sabo sokuphila siyiminyaka emine. Abesifazane bafika ku-7 cm ubude, abesilisa - cishe cm 5. Izilwane ezincane kunazo zonke - cishe 3 cm, ezinkulu kunazo zonke - i-10-12 cm.
Igalari yesithombe esincane sePecilia:
Namuhla, kunokuhlukahluka kombala wokufakelwa okungaphezulu kwekhulu; umsebenzi wokuzalela uhlala uqhubeka njalo.
Izinhlobo ze-Aquarium Pecilia
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-aquarium zePecilia ziyehluka hhayi ngombala kuphela, kepha futhi nezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zomzimba namaphinifa.
Zingahlukaniswa ngokulandelayo:
- I-Multicolor - imibala eminingana nemithunzi yawo iqoqwe ngombala.
- Imnyama yisihlobo esine-ebb emnyama.
- I-Plain - Ifaka ukuhlukahluka okuningi.
Ukuma kuvame ukwehlukanisa:
- zakudala
- ngesimo sokuqala sento,
- idiski eyakhiwe - umzimba unjengokucaba uthathwa ezinhlangothini.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ufake ohlwini zonke izinhlobo, kodwa ezikhanyayo futhi ezidume kakhulu zazo zivezwe lapha.
Amabhaluni
Le nhlobo inomgogodla owonakele, ngakho-ke inesimo esingajwayelekile esifana nebhaluni eliqhakazile. Lokhu kuzalanisa okuxakayo kakhulu, akufanelekile ukuqala i-aquarium yama-amateur ngayo.
Abantu abakhulu kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-12 cm ubude kanye no-10 cm ukuphakama ku-dorsal fin. Umbala wesikali ungohluka kakhulu.
Amarada
Lokhu ukuhlukahluka okungafani nalutho kwePecilia, ebonakala ngendlela engajwayelekile yomsila omnyama onomugqa omude ophakathi nendawo. Ukuhluka kombala kungahluka, kepha imvamisa kakhulu izithunzi ezibomvu.
Reds
I-Berlin Pecilia enkulu (kufika ku-12 cm) enesikali sazo zonke izithunzi ezibomvu nezibomvu kanye noti oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ingaqondakali, isetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa nabantu abanezinkemba ukuzalanisa ukuguqulwa kwayo okusha. Ukugcina ukukhanya kombala kokudla, ukudla okubukhoma kuyadingeka nsuku zonke. Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile.
Idiski
Izingxenye ezincane, ezizalwa zijwayelekile ngokuphelele, kepha njengoba zikhula sezikhulile, umgogodla uyagoba, ngenxa yalokho umzimba uthola ukwakheka okubunjiwe, okuvame kube nokuwohloka kokufakwa ngaphakathi. Udinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, okunzima ukuzalanisa. Umbala uvame ukumhlophe noma ubomvu.
Mnyama
Izakhamizi ezinkulu ze-aquarium ezanele (kufika ku-10 cm). Umbala omnyama wesikali uveza imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, grey, green. Izinhlobo ezimbili zemisindo enekhanda elikhanyayo, elibomvu noma le-orange ziyaziwa. I-Plumage isobala noma i-lime enomama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane, njengoba zihlangana kahle nezinye izinhlanzi.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Igama lesibili lalezi zinto ezikhethekile lithethiwe. Zinombala omuhle kakhulu, onemibala emnyama emnyama emnyama emuva nesisu esikhanyayo sikamama weparele. Wela kahle nezinye izinhlobo, okuphumela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene.
Ichithwe
I-Pyatopecilia noma i-variatus ingaba inhlanganisela yemibala ehlukahlukene, kukhona ngaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kuyo. Ngalezi zinhlanzi ezincane (ezingafika ku-6 cm) kungcono ukuzisaphaza ngokuphelele i-aquarium - imibala ehlukahlukene ibukeka inenzuzo enkulu.
I-Micro Pecilia
I-Pecilia kaWitterer yincane kunazo zonke, emincane kunayo yonke - kuphela ubude obu-3 cm. Kumele okungenani kube nabantu abangu-8 e-aquarium; bahlala bebhukuda emhlambini okhanyayo. Ukuthambekela ekucindezelekeni futhi kungafa. Ukuhluka kombala kwehlukile.
Neon
Umbala wezinhlanzi zemisebe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lapho imisebe yokukhanya ishaya emzimbeni, isikali sikhazimula futhi sicwazimula nazo zonke izithunzi zomnyama. I-plumage ihlala imnyama. Lezi yizikole ezincane zemihlambi ezigcinwa yikholomu yabantu abangu-8.
Ukushona kwelanga
Futhi, le nhlobo ibizwa ngokuthi i-chintz pecilia, ihlala ifunwa ngabasizi bamanzi, kepha kunzima ukuyithola, iyinhlobonhlobo engandile. Ingaphambili lomzimba ngamathoni kalamula, emuva - amathunzi obomvu-owolintshi. I-plumage efanayo ngokubopha kwamalahle. Izindawo ezincane noma ezinkulu zokuhlanganisa ezinhlangothini. Abesilisa babonakala kakhulu ngombala.
Igundane le-Mickey
Izinhlanzi ezincane zesikole ezinenkulumo engajwayelekile ye-muzzle, okusikhumbuza igundane elidumile. Esisekelo se-caudal fin, kunezindawo ezintathu zamalahle amakhulu ezinhlamvu. Umbala womzimba uvame ukuba yisiliva noma uphuzi, iplamu efanayo.
Umlando wePecilia
I-Pecilia ivame ukudidaniswa nama-mollies nezinkemba, ezingabizwa nje ngokuthi zingenye yezinhlobo zazo. Zonke lezi zinhlanzi ziwumndeni we-carp-izinyo.
Zalethwa eYurophu zivela eGuatemala naseningizimu yeMexico ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ukuchazwa kokuqala kwezinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zaseningizimu Melika kwavela ngo-1886, kamuva, ngo-1904, kwe-pecilia eluhlaza, kanye ne-motley ngo-1932.
Zonke izinhlobo, ngaphandle koluhlaza, manje sezifundwe kahle, futhi eziningi ziwela ngisho phakathi kwazo.
I-pecilia eluhlaza namuhla ibangela isithakazelo esikhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists, okuzoholela ekubonakaleni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zokuzala ezizalisayo.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: Izici ze-aquarium
I-Pecilia ithandwa ngabalingisi bamazwe abaqala ngqa kanye nabaqeqeshiwe ngenxa yemvelo yayo enokuthula. Izindondo aziqhamuki ngisho echibini lokufakelwa, lapho abesilisa abaningana benowesilisa oyedwa.
Izimo ezifanele zokugcina lezi zinhlanzi:
- I-aquarium kufanele ibe ngokujulile okwanele ngevolumu encane. Amalitha ama-2 amanzi anele umuntu oyedwa, kepha umhlambi uzozizwa ungcono endaweni yokugcina amanzi angama-60-litre.
- Ama-pecilians ayathanda ukucasha ezitshalweni zasemanzini, ngakho-ke i-aquarium kufanele itshalwe nge-cryptocoryne, i-echinodorus, i-elodea, ne-Hornwort. Ngaphezulu kufanelekile ukusebenzisa i-riccia. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukushiya ingaphambili lingenalutho, khona-ke imihlambi yezinhlanzi ezikhanyayo ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu.
- Ukuvimbela izifo ze-peculiarities, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze usawoti kancane emanzini, vele, uma lokhu kungazilimazi izitshalo zasemanzini kanye nezinye izakhamizi zakulayini.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uhlinzeka ngokuhlunga (okungaphakathi kungaba) kanye nokwanda kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ngenani elikhulu lezitshalo. Ikota yevolumu kumele ifakwe uketshezi olusha nsuku zonke.
- I-filler emnyama yangaphansi ibukeka kahle e-aquarium nge-pecilia, futhi is sandwich izonikeza amanzi ubulukhuni obudingekayo be-10-30 dH. Ingavuswa futhi ngokungeza ama-marble chip kanye nesixazululo se-magnesia. Ngokuthamba okuphezulu, izinhlanzi ziqala ukugula.
- Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elikhulu ngu-+22 ... + 26 ° C, i-acidity ingu-7-8 pH.
- Kungcono ukuvala i-aquarium ngesivimbo, njengoba izihambi zigxuma impela.
Ukuvumelana
Lezi zinhlanzi zasemanzini zihlangana kahle nazo zonke izakhamuzi zomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi ngenxa yemvelo yazo enokuthula. Akufanele nje ubaxube nezilwane ezidla ezinye nezinhlobo ezinolaka (ama-cichlids, i-goldfish), okuyi-Pecilia eyoba yisisulu kalula.
Kungcono ukukhipha inhlanzi efanayo ephila bukhoma - ama-guppies, izinkemba, i-gourami.
Ngokwemibandela yokuboshwa, ama-cockerels, i-angelfish, ama-neons, ama-barbs, ama-zebrafish, ama-corrasas, ama-tetras nawo azoba omakhelwane abahle.
Ukondla
Izinhlobo zemvelo zePecilia zi-omnivorous; zidla izingxenye zezitshalo zasemanzini, ulwelwe kanye nezibungu zezinambuzane.
Ukulungiswa kwe-aquarium, kufanele banikeze:
- Ukudla okubukhoma - i-bloodworm, i-corter, i-daphnia moin, i-aufoloforus, ishubhu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-pecilia anemibala ekhanyayo.
- Ukudla imifino - i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, i-dandelion, isaladi eluhlaza, isipinashi. Imifino notshani kufanele igezwe kahle futhi inqunywe kahle.
- Ukudla okulungiselelwe okwomile - i-spirulina no granules okhethekile, amaphilisi.
IPecilia yondliwa kabili ngosuku. Inani lokuphakelwa kufanele libe njalo ukuze kuthi ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-5 lingahlali emanzini. Uma kukhona okuseleyo, kufanele kususwe.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-steam pain crumb ne-semolina inganikezwa ngamanani amancane.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iningi lokudla kwakuwukudla kwezilwane.
Ukuzala
I-pecilia ikhiqiza kabusha kalula echibini elivamile nasepulazini lokulima. Kepha uma uhlela ukuthola inzalo ephelele, khona-ke kufanele kukhethwe okulandelayo.
Ukuvuthwa kulolu hlobo kufinyelelwa yizinyanga eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-12.
Ukwahluka kocansi kuyabizwa - abesilisa bancanyana kakhulu kunabesifazane futhi banesitho esikhethekile se-gonopodia, lokhu kuyimali elungisiwe ye-anal efana ne-tube encane ngokubukeka. Isikali sabo sikhanya kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushaywa kocansi.
Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu, babe nombala ophinyiselwe kancane. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isisu sanda kakhulu ngosayizi, futhi kuvela ibala elimnyama eliseduze ne-anal fin - kuyinto engokwemvelo kuzo zonke izinhlanzi ze-viviparous, ngakho-ke, amehlo akhiwa okokuqala ku-fry futhi abonakala ngezicubu ezithambile ze-peritoneum. Ekuzalweni kokuqala, kuzalwa cishe amawundlu angama-20, ngokulandelayo - aze afike ku-50.
Njengokunwebeka, ungasebenzisa imbiza enamalitha amathathu noma i-aquarium encane, itshalwe ngezitshalo futhi inombala. Lapho nje owesimame ekhombisa izimpawu zokukhulelwa, kufanele akhululwe. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2, uFry uzozalwa.
Umama ngokushesha otshaliwe, amawundlu azimele emahoreni okuqala empilo. Kuqala, zingaphakelwa izimbiza zeqanda ezibilisiwe ezihlanganiswa ne-Artemia nauplii, okusanhlamvu okuomile, kuxutshwe namanzi.
Uma usebenzisa ukudla okubukhoma, gazinga ukhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
Njengazo zonke i-viviparous, kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2 zokuphila, izingane zihlala zihlelwa ngocansi futhi zivinjelwe.
Izifo kanye nokuvimbela
Noma yiziphi izinhlanzi ze-aquarium zingagula, kuvame ukwenzeka ama-pathologies ngenxa yokwephulwa kwezimo zokuboshwa - ukondliwa okusezingeni eliphansi, i-hypothermia, ingcindezi.
IPecilia imelana kakhulu nezinhlobo eziningi zezifo ze-aquarium. Kepha kunezimo ezaziwayo zokutheleleka nge-ichthyophthyroidism. I-ejenti ye-causative iyingxenye ye-equatorial infusoria, imvamisa ingena endaweni yokubeka nge-feed esezingeni eliphansi.
Izinhlanzi ezithintekayo ziqala ukucwila phansi zilume phansi. Amaphiko onakalisiwe, anenkontileka, kuvela kuwo umhlophe umhlophe.
Abantu abathintekayo kumele batshalwe futhi belashwe. Isixazululo kancane sikasawoti, iBicillin-5, iRivanol isiza kahle.
Kuyalulekwa ukuhlanza i-aquarium, i-siphon noma ubilise inhlabathi, ungene esikhundleni samanzi, engeza usawoti (ngesilinganiso esingeqi ku-10 g nge-1 litre).
Ukondla ukudla okugcwele okugcwele okugcwele kuzosiza nezinhlanzi ukuthi ziphinde zithole ifomu yazo elahlekile ngokushesha futhi zibuyisele nesizinda sazo sokuzivikela komzimba.
Izinhlanzi ze-Pecilia - imibala ehlukahlukene kanye nomoya opholile
Ijwayelene nabathandi be-aquarium inhlanzi pecilia. Ukuthandwa kususelwa emibala ehlukene yemibala yemvula, ukungathobeki kokuqukethwe nokukhululeka kokuzalela.
Kunezinketho eziningi zemibala ukuthi wonke umuntu uzothola izakhamuzi ze-aquarium phakathi kwe-pecilli ngendlela abayithandayo. Ukuthandwa okubanzi eza ekudobeni ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 futhi akusuki kuze kube manje.
Ukubukeka nezici zePecilia
Ukubona izinhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile phakathi kwezakhamizi eziningi ze-aquarium kungenzeka ngenxa yesimo somzimba esenziwe ngedayimane. Amasayizi abantu ngamunye aqala ku-4 kuye ku-7 cm, ngokuya ngokuhluka kwezinhlobo. Izinsikazi noma yiziphi izinhlobo zePecilia zikhulu kunezeduna cishe isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu. Ekhanda elincane lezinhlanzi kunamehlo aqwayimbayo, umlomo ophakamisiwe.
I-Taurus enamaphiko we-compact oyindilinga, acindezelwe kancane ezinhlangothini. Abesilisa abanciphile, babonakala nge-gonopodia encane futhi ekhomba, uhlobo lwe-anal fin olufana neshubhu eligoqiwe.
Kwabesifazane, i-anal fin ibanzi, futhi izinhlobo zomzimba ziyagcwala, ngesisu esibonakalayo, izikali ziyaqothuka. Ukugqama kwemibala kuyenzeka emadodeni. I-caudal fin inkulu ngokwanele, ifane nomumo fan.
Emvelweni yemvelo, izinhlanzi zihlala ezindongeni zaseNyakatho naseMelika Ephakathi. Izakhamizi zanamuhla zasemanzini zifuywa abafuyi emapulazini ezinhlanzi. Izinhlobo zasendle azihambi zithengiswa.
Thenga i-pecilia yezinhlanzi kungaba zombili i-amateur kanye ne-aquarist enolwazi lokuphinda ugcwalise umphakathi wamanzi ngenxa yokungqubuzana futhi ukubukeka okukhanyayo. Ukuthengiswa okukhohlisayo kunomthelela ekusakazekeni kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-pecilia.
Isikhathi sokuphila sincike ekunakekelweni okunekhono nendawo yokuhlala. Ekuthunjweni, izinhlanzi ziphila iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemi-5, uma zingakugwema izifo nomakhelwane abanolaka.
Ukuziphatha okusebenzayo kanye nemvelo enokuthula kuvumelana kahle nokuqukethwe kwePecilia ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ukungazinakekeli kanye nokuzalela okulula kwenza izinhlanzi zitholakalele abaqalayo emanzini olwandle. Uma uthenge abantu abaphilile, khona-ke ukudla okuhlukahlukene nokunakekelwa okuncane kuzohlinzeka indawo enhle yezakhamizi zasemanzini.
Umthamo we-aquarium wamalitha angama-35 ubuncane bekhaya okuqukethwe izinhlanzi ezincane. Njengoba unikezwe umsebenzi ophakeme ekunyakazeni, kungcono ukhethe i-aquarium enkulu. Yize izinhlanzi zingezona izilwane ezithandekayo, zithanda ukunamathela ndawonye zizungezwe uhlobo lwazo. Iqembu labantu abangu-4-5 lizokwanela i-aquarium encane.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlanzi ezingafani nobungqingili zivame ukuzala, futhi inzalo izokhula ngentshiseko. Kunconywa ukuba kuqukethe owesilisa nowesifazane abathathu. Owesilisa wesibili ku-aquarium, njengomthetho, uqala izingxabano.
Uhlelo lokufakelwa kwamanzi lokufakelwa kanye ne-aeration luzosiza ukumisa indawo ezinzile e-aquarium. izinhlanzi ezi-pecilli. Ukunakekelwa liqukethe ukususwa kukadoti, ukudla okweqile, imfucuza.
Ubuningi bobuthi buqinisa isimo. Kunconywa ukwenza ushintsho olujwayelekile lwamanzi ngekota yenani eliphelele njalo emavikini angama-2-3. Ukuhlanzeka kufaka isandla esimweni esihle sezakhamuzi.
Izinhlanzi eziningi echibini elilodwa, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi amanzi adinga ukubuyekezwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ikakhulukazi inkemba eluhlaza, zifuna ikhwalithi yendawo ezungezile, uma kungenjalo akukho ukubalekela izifo zenhlanzi zepecillia.
Inhlabathi ilungele noma ngubani, kepha incamela izitshalo eziphilayo ezitshaliwe. Izinhlanzi zithanda ukubhukuda kwamahhala ezindaweni ezivulekile engxenyeni ephakathi nengaphezulu ye-aquarium, yize kukhona izinto ezihlukile kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi. Izitshalo ezintantayo ziyadingeka ezindaweni zokukhosela ezikhethekile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamafry, ngaphandle kwalokho abazali abasebenzayo ngeke bashiye ithuba lokusinda.
Ukuthuthukisa i-microclimate, ungangeza usawoti okhethekile we-aquarium ngesilinganiso se-2-3 tsp nge-10 l lamanzi. Amanzi afakiwe angeziwe nawo kufanele afakwe usawoti omncane, yize kungewona wonke umuntu obheka lokhu okuphoqelekile. Lesi sici semvelo sibonisa izinhlanzi ze-viviparous, ezibandakanya iPecilia. Ukuze ugweme ukuphuma ngaphandle kwezakhamizi, i-aquarium kufanele ivalwe.
Ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka ngokulingana, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile noma umthunzi oqinile. Izimo zokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-20-25C. Uma i-aquarium isendlini epholile, i-heater yamanzi ifiselekile. Inani le-PH: 6.7-8.0.
Ezilwane zasendle, iPecilia idla izinambuzane kanye nolwelwe. Ukudla okufanele kwezinhlanzi ezifuywayo kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zokudla: i-spirulina, amabele abilisiwe ne-oatmeal, amaqabunga e-dandelion abilisiwe abilisiwe abilayo ngamanzi, izingcezu ze-zucchini, ikhukhamba.
Ukudla okubukhoma kuqukethe ama-bloodworms, i-daphnia, i-tubifex, i-brine shrimp, ne-coronet. IPecilia ibamba ukudla okuvela ebusweni ngomlomo ongenhla. Ukuzondla okufanele kabili ngosuku ngezinxenye ezincane, okudliwa yizinhlanzi imizuzu engu-4-6.
Izimo ezikhethekile ze Ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlanzi zePecilia akudingeki, ngaphandle kwento esemqoka: ubukhona babamele abobulili obuhlukile. Ama-Aquarists ahlekisa ukuthi kunzima ukumisa ukuzalaniswa kwawo kunokuba aqale.
Ukuba khona kwabesilisa abaningi kubangela ukuncintisana kwabesifazane, ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe okukodwa inhlanzi yowesilisa wepecilia nezinsikazi ezintathu. Kulula ukubona umuntu okhulelwe ngesisu saso esiyindilinga nokumnyama eduze kwe-anal fin.
Amafutha avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-28 ngenani lezingcezu ezingama-30- 40.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abazali badla gazinga, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubatshala kwenye i-aquarium. Ukondla izinhlanzi ezincane kwenziwa ngokudla okukhethekile noma isikhupha seqanda. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, i-fry izoba ngabantu abagqamile abagqamile.
Izinhlobo zePecilia
Kunezinhlobo ezingama-33 nezindlela eziningi ezi-hybrid. Incazelo yePecilia Fish ingaba ivolumu engaphezu kweyodwa, kucatshangelwa imibala eyahlukahlukene kanye nezici zomzimba ezihlelekile. Ngokuya kwe-accounting edumile, kuyisiko ukwahlukanisa amaqembu alandelayo:
1. I-rainbow Pecilia. Amadoda apendwe ngamathoni aphuzi ngaphambili emzimbeni, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emuva. Amabala amnyama ezinhlangothini, ahlanganiswe ngemivimbo engu-3-5. Amawele abomvu aphuzi, abe nesiqu esimnyama. Izinsikazi zimnyama ngombala. Imibala ye-Olive neyimpunga ivame kakhulu ngephethini ye-zigzag ezinhlangothini zomzimba.
Esithombeni, izinhlanzi zi-rainbow Pecilia
2. Pecilia inhlanzi emnyama. Izici zombala wesikali ekubonisweni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okotshani. I-pecilia eluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza onomugqa omnyama ezinhlangothini zawo.
Pecilia inhlanzi emnyama
3. Berlin Pecilia umbala obomvu obomvu.
I-Fish Berlin Pecilia
4. I-Blue Pecilia.
Esithombeni ipecilia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
5. IGolide Pecilia.
Esithombeni kukhona i-pecilia yegolide
6. I-Red Pecilia.
I-pecilia ebomvu
Izici ezihlukanisayo ekwakhekeni komzimba namapheya kuholela ekwabiweni:
- Amafomu akudala
- "Isithombo", ngefomu yasekuqaleni yemsila, ehlukaniswe umucu.
Izithombe uPecilia Radish
- I-Balloon - abaphethe imizimba yokuvuvukala. Ukubonakala kwaleli fomu kuhambisana nokuwela izinhlanzi ngomgogodla omfushane. Emvelweni, azikho izinhlanzi ezinjalo.
UPecilia Ballon
Ezweni
Izwe lamaPecilians yiMelika, lapho lihlala khona emifuleni ephansi yemifula egeleza olwandle i-Atlantic. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le mhlambi yokufunda inombala kusuka ku-grey ophuzi kuya kokubonakalayo. Akunakubizwa ukuthi kukhange kakhulu, futhi izinhlanzi ezigqamile zanamuhla zingumphumela womsebenzi wabalimi.
I-Pecilia ikhula ngokwemvelo ifinyelela ku-18 cm, futhi amafomu e-aquarium awadluli ku-5 cm ubude. Imizimba yabo ifingqiwe ngesimo esifana ne-rhombus enemali eyanele yomsila ngokwanele. Ikhanda lilingana nomzimba, linamehlo amakhulu. Umlomo uphakeme. Ukuhamba kwenhlanzi kuyashesha ngokulingana, abushelelezi, abusonteki.
Impilo emvelweni, izinhlanzi zikhetha izindawo ezinamaphaza aminyene wezitshalo zasemanzini lapho zingacasha khona ezidlaleni. Ukudla kuqukethe i-algae nezinambuzane, kanye nama-invertebrates amancane asemanzini angenalo igobolondo eliqinile.
Lezi zinhlanzi zalethwa eYurophu sekwephuzile - kuphela ngekhulu lama-20. Babazisa bephuma eMexico naseGuatemala. Uhlobo lwachazwa okokuqala ngonyaka we-1886. E-U.S., Lezi zinhlobo zaqala ukuba nentshisekelo ngabafuyi bezimpahla abazisebenzisayo, ngemizamo yabo, bekwazi ukuthola izimbongi ezinhle zamachibi asekhaya ukusuka ebomvu kuye kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aqine futhi athethelela amaphutha amaningi ekunakekeleni i-aquarium, kusuka ezinhlanzini zasendle ezibonakala zingabonakali. Ama-pecilia anokuthula futhi akwazi ukuhambisana kahle nenani elikhulu lezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.
Ukuzala
Isisho esithi "Ukuzalanisa amaPecilian kunzima kakhulu ukusiyeka kunokuba siqale" kuvame kakhulu kwabasebenza olwandle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kukhona owesilisa nowesifazane e-aquarium (isilinganiso 1: 3 sekwanele), le nqubo izoqala ngokwayo, ngaphandle kokukhwabanisa komuntu kokuqala. Uma kunabesifazane abangaphezu kwabathathu kowesilisa ngamunye, amantombazane azoqala ukuncintisana futhi aphazanyiswe kunhloso yawo. Akunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi komunye nomunye - ama-analins wesilisa abesilisa abumbile ngesimo. Kuyahlekisa lokho abesifazane bangashintsha ubulili (ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa kwengane).
UPecilia uzalela uFry, oqala ukubhukuda kusukela ngemizuzu yokuqala yokuphila. Ukukhulelwa kungakhonjwa yindawo emnyama eduze kwesisu sasemuva nesisu esiyindilinga. Ukuthuthukiswa ko-fry esibelethweni kuhlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-28, ngasikhathi sisuka kubantu abangama-25 kuye kwabangu-45 (futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuze kufike ku-80) bazalwa.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi ngemuva kokubeletha, abesifazane abaningi badla gazinga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubeka ngokushesha inzalo esitsheni esihlukile. Lapha sebekhulile, futhi lapho sekubonakala abantu abanamandla kakhulu, bonke abanye bayalahlwa. Fry kukhulu impela, ngakho-ke ukudla okomile okhethekile, i-yolk yamaqanda ebhobozekile kufanelekile kubo. UPecilia uba ngabantu abadala ezinyangeni ezi-3-4 emva kokuzalwa.
Ungakugwema kanjani izifo
UPecilia uphila cishe iminyaka emi-4. Uma ulandela imithetho ngokuqinile lapho uyinakekela, ngeke kube nazinkinga. Kepha izinhlanzi ezihlala emanzini abandayo kakhulu futhi zihlangana namagciwane nsuku zonke zingazizwa zingasebenzi. Izifo ezivame kakhulu zePecilia:
- Qeda ukubola. Lesi sifo esisheshayo asithinti nje kuphela amaphiko, kodwa nezitho zangaphakathi, isembozo sangaphandle senhlanzi. Izimpawu: hemorrhage, necrosis, grey ulcers Amaphiko anamathela ndawonye, ukuguguleka kwawo kubonakala kahle. Ukugwema ukugqashuka kokutheleleka, udinga ukubheka i-microflora ye-aquarium, ubone amazinga enhlanzeko,
- I-fungal plaque emzimbeni. Isizathu esivamile ukwephulwa kwesikhumba senhlanzi. Lesi sifo senzeka uma ukuhlasela kwenzeka ngaso leso sikhathi kwezinhlobo eziningana zesikhunta. Ungakhomba lokhu ukutheleleka ngokuqaphela i-plaque emhlophe emzimbeni wezinhlanzi ze-aquarium, i-pecilia, ebukeka njengoboya bekotini. Ngokusola okuncane, umuntu onegciwane uhlala yedwa, futhi yilapho-ke kuphela eseqala ukwelashwa okusebenzayo. Ukuvimbela kuyafana - ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwe-aquarium.
- Izifo ezahlukahlukene (isb. Ukubanda).
Izivakashi ezivela eMexico ngeke zibe ngumhlobiso omnandi wanoma iyiphi i-aquarium, zizothokozela abaninikhaya abanesineke ngokusebenza kwabo nokudlala.
Imithetho yokuqukethwe
Yize izinhlanzi zithathwa njengezabahlali base-aquarium abangenakhohlisa, basadinga ukudala izimo zokuhlala ezinhle. Izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga amanzi ahlanzekile, ongeke aqukethe i-ammonia ne-nitrite. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunakekela uhlelo lokuhlunga lwekhwalithi. Kuzodinga futhi ukufudumeza kwamanzi okulawulwa njalo ukuze kungapholi ngaphansi kwezinga elidingekayo. Ukuba khona kwe-compressor for aeration kuyadingeka, ngisho nangobuningi bezitshalo, ngaphandle kwento enjalo, inhlanzi ngeke izizwe ikhululekile, futhi isikhathi sayo sokuphila sizokwehla kakhulu.
IVolumu Yamanzi (ngamalitha nge-1 isampula) | Ukushisa (° C) | I-Acidity (pH) | Ubulukhuni (dGH) |
24-27 | 8-25 | 7,5-8 | 2 |
Ukuhlanza kwe-Aquarium kwenziwa kanye ngeviki, ngenkathi kuthathelwa indawo i-⅓ yenani lamanzi eliphelele. Ngokubuyisela okunye, sebenzisa amanzi amasha kuphela ngemuva kokuthi esezinzile futhi esefudumele kufudumele olufunayo. Uma kunesidingo, amapharamitha wokufaka kufanele afingqiwe nalawo anamanzi e-aquarium, kusetshenziswa amakhompiyutha akhethekile athengiswa ezitolo zezilwane.
I-Pecilia ibhukuda ngenkuthalo, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele bakhethe i-aquarium enxande, ubukhulu obujule kakhulu noma ububanzi, ukuze izilwane ezifuyayo zihambe ngokukhululeka zisuka phezulu ziye phansi. Ivolumu yayo ifiseleka kusuka ku-100 l, ngoba uma kungenjalo kungaba yinkinga ukugcina izinhlanzi emhlambini ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo. Uma ufuna ukungabi ngama-pecilias angaphezu kwama-5, ungazikhawulela kumthamo wamalitha angama-50, ungeza inkampani ye-pecilia nge-catfish kanye nabanye omakhelwane abathanda ukuthula abahlala kwezinye izingqimba zamanzi.
Uthando lwemvelo ngobuningi bezitshalo ongafihla kuzo, lwenza kube nesidingo sokudonswa kwamanzi amaningi e-aquarium. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izitshalo zangempela ezinamaqabunga amakhulu. Imifino yokufakelwa emzimbeni ingaba endaweni yokugcina amanzi, kepha kuphela uma ingezinga eliphakeme kakhulu. Phezu kwamanzi, kuhle ukuvumela i-roschia rosettes ukuthi intethe, okwenza ukukhanya ku-aquarium kube yimvelo, kuhlanganiswe. Ingaphambili lishiywa livulekile ukuze izinhlanzi zibe nesikhala sokubhukuda okusebenzayo.
Inhlabathi, njengangemuva, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe omnyama. Ngakho-ke i-pecilia izobukeka ihlaba umxhwele ngangokunokwenzeka futhi imibala yabo izovela ikhanya. Uma amanzi ethambile kakhulu, khona-ke i-sandstone ingabekwa phansi, okwandisa ubulukhuni bayo.
Isembozo siphoqelekile e-aquarium, ngoba iPecilia yinhlanzi eqa ingafa kalula ngaphandle kokuphuma emanzini. Uma ithangi lingafakwanga ngesivalo, lingafakwa endaweni ethile ngengcezu yengilazi, ezobe iboshwe ngaphezulu.
Isifo
Izifo zivame ukuvela kuphela ngenxa yokulondolozwa okungafanele kwezinhlanzi emanzini, lapho zinganikezwa ukuhlanzeka okwanele kwamanzi, futhi kukhona nokudla okungafanele. I-Pecilia imelana kakhulu nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kwabo nge-ichthyophthyroidism kanye ne-parasisic pathologies kusenokwenzeka. Ama-parasites angangena e-aquarium ngokudla okuphilayo okukhwalithi ephansi, kanye nokuthi izinhlanzi ezintsha bezingahlukaniswa ngaphambi kokuba zibe se-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Ibhaluni
Ifomu lokuzala, elinomzimba olungisiwe nomgogodla ogobile kanye nesisu esandisiwe. Ngaphandle, inhlanzi enjalo ibukeka njengePecilia ejwayelekile enomzimba omfushane futhi omile kakhulu. Izinhlobo zingakhombisa izinkinga ezinkulu ngokuzala ngenxa yokuqothuka komgogodla nokususwa kwezitho zangaphakathi.
Mnyama
Inhlanzi enjalo inombala oyinyama omnyama, kepha amaphiko lawo angaba bomvu, aphuzi noma e-orange. Abanye abantu bangaba namaphini anomngcele osobala kanye nomphetho opendwe wesiphunga, obukeka kahle kakhulu futhi uyamangalisa.
Ukukhetha isifo sohlobo lwanoma iluphi uhlobo, umuntu kufanele anake ukubukeka kwawo neqiniso lokuthi alinazo izimpawu zokugula nokulimala.
Umehluko phakathi kwePecilia neMolliesia
Zonke izingxenyana zePecilia nezikaMolly zibukeka ngokufana. Ngakho-ke, ama-mollies anomzimba omuhle futhi othambile, futhi anebanga elikhudlwana ukusuka e-anus kuya kufudumezi we-caudal. Izinketho zemibala aziningi njengasePecilia - imishini emnyama neyegolide iyathengiswa, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile, zimhlophe.
UPecilia uzolile futhi akahleleli ukulwa nomakhelwane. Kungabukwa futhi njengophawu. Ubuso babo banezinkulumo ezihlukile - i-mollie inolaka ngokwengeziwe.
Lapho uqala i-aquarium, ungakhetha ngokuphepha noma iyiphi i-pecilia njengezilwane ezifuywayo zokuqala. Bahlukaniswa impilo enhle, ukukhuthazela futhi basinde ekuphambukeni kusuka ezimweni ezifanele zokuboshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhiqiza kalula, zingaphila echibini elifuywayo kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye, futhi ukuthula kwalezi zinhlanzi kuvumela ukuba bengeze omakhelwane abahle nezinye izinhlobo zazo.