Igama elingajwayelekile - inyoni kanobhala! Kungani ibizwa ngokuthi inyoni ethakazelisa kangaka, indawo lapho okuyi-savannah yase-Afrika? Uthole igama lakhe elithokozisayo ngesimo sakhe esidonsa ngokungathi sína kanye nezimpaphe ezimnyama ezinamathele ngemuva kwekhanda lakhe, ezihlotshaniswa nonobhala kanye nabasizi bezikhonzi zakudala ababethanda ukuhlobisa ama-wigs abo ngezimpaphe ze-goose ezimnyama. Ngokuvamile, amaplamu ale nyoni anombala ophuzi oqondileyo, izindawo eziwolintshi ziqhakambisa uqhwaku ziye emehlweni emehlweni asekhanda.
Ukuphakama komuntu omdala kungaphezu kwemitha kunesisindo sokukhanya esikhona (cishe amakhilogremu amane), kanti abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. Amaphiko asuka kumamitha ayi-1,2 kuye kwangama-1,35. Ikhanda elincane entanyeni ende, uqhwaku olumpunga olumhlophe, umzimba onjengokhozi nemilenze emide emide eneminwe emifushane nezimpofana ezifiphele kuzo ziyizimpawu eziphambili zangaphandle zowesifazane wase-Afrika onemibala, ukuyibuka kusukela ohlangothini kunganikeza umbono wokuthi imi ngezindebe.
Ihlala kuphi inyoni yobhala?
Echazwe okokuqala ngonyaka ka-1783 ngudokotela wezilwane uJohann Germany, inyoni enjalo ethanda ukuhlala emafulethini nasezindaweni ezivulekile ebusheni, e-Afrika eshisayo. Uthanda izifunda ngesembozo sotshani esiphansi, esihlinzeka ngombono ofanele wale ndawo, emahlathini aminyene nehlane langempela, inyoni engumbhali ayiphili.
Abadala bavame ukuhlala ngababili, kuyaqabukela emaqenjini futhi bebodwa. Ngesinye isikhathi bangahlangana ngamaqembu amakhulu aqhekeka ngokushesha, eduze kwezindawo zokuchelela noma ngokuqongelela ukudla okukhulu.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi izinyoni ezingunobhala zihlala zikukhethile futhi zakha ngazimbili impilo. Ukuzala kabusha kungenzeka unyaka wonke, kepha esikhathini esiningi yisikhathi esukela ku-Agasti kuya ku-Mashi. Isikhathi sokukhwelana, esenzeka ngenkathi yemvula (Agasti-Septhemba), siyasebenza impela, ngoba owesilisa unakekela insikazi yonke indawo: phansi nasemoyeni, izama ukufeza indawo yayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwemvelo kwenzeka emhlabathini (kancane kancane ezihlahleni), abantu ongabazi abavumeli abantu ongabazi ukuthi bangene esifundeni sabo.
Indlela yokuphila yabashadikazi
Bobabili abantu babamba iqhaza ekwakheni isidleke. Izinyoni zinendawo yazo yokuhlala, eyenziwe ngamagatsha anobukhulu obukhulu botshani (umquba, uvolo, njll.) Phansi futhi zifana nesiteji esinobubanzi obungamamitha ayi-2,5 ngesimo, imvamisa esihlahleni esicabalele sesihlahla se-spiny, imvamisa kakhulu ezihlahleni zomtholo. Unyaka nonyaka, umbhangqwana ongakaze uhlukane futhi uhlale uzama ukuba semkhakheni wombono womunye nomunye, ubuyela esidlekeni esidala ukuze uzalwe kabusha, ulahle udonga lwawo kuphela uma isisindo samuva siba nobungozi futhi kuba nengozi yesidleke esiwela emhlabathini.
Ukufika kwezinyoni ezincane zonobhala
Kwi-clutch kwenzeka ngokuvama kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, imvamisa kusuka emaqanda ama-1-3 amhlophe qwa anombala obunjiwe. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokubeka iqanda lokuqala. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kakhulu kwenziwa ngowesifazane, uhhafu onamandla ngalesi sikhathi ufuna inyamazane yakhe. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-8, kuvela inkukhu yokuqala bese kuba eyesibili. Owesithathu (inqobo nje uma kunamaqanda ama-3 ku-clutch) akanenhlanhla encane, futhi uyafa yindlala, ngoba ngenxa yobuthakathaka akakwazi ukuncintisana nabafowabo ababengaphambi kwakhe ekukhuleni esidlekeni.
Izinyoni ezincane ezinobhala, ezikhula kancane kakhulu, zivame ukubonakala ngekhanda likhulu kakhulu maqondana nomzimba. Ngokwawo, amaphuphu avuka kuphela emva kwamasonto ayi-6, azame ukukhuphuka ngaphezulu esidlekeni eneminyaka eyi-2 izinyanga, aqhubeke nokunakekelwa ngabazali cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Isikhathi sokuqala badla inyama ebunjiwe, abantu abadala abayitholela yona.
Unobhala bird: Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Emini, inyoni ebhala phansi, eba amahora ambalwa emva kokuphuma kwelanga, ihamba ibanga elingama-30 km, ihamba ngasikhathi sinye ngokushesha (ikakhulukazi lapho ibamba inyamazane), indiza njengoba kudingeka, futhi akukubi ngokwanele, nokho, ngoba lokhu kudinga ukusheshiswa okuhle. Emizuzwini yokuqala yokuphakamisela emoyeni, ukundiza koonobhala kubonakala kunzima impela, kepha lo muzwa uthathelwa indawo ngokukhanya nobuhle njengoba uthola ukuphakama. Inyoni ebhalayo ingandiza isibhakabhaka isikhathi eside. Ukhetha ukulala nokuphumula ezihlahleni noma emithini emide. Ngokuvamile, indlela yokuphila kwenyoni engumbhali ihlala phansi, izulazula kuphela ngokuntuleka kokudla.
Inyoni ebhalayo ingeyabadla ngokudla okunwebekile, iningi lakhona liqukethe ama-arthropods (izicabucabu, izintethe, amabhungane kanye nawofezela), izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (amagundane, amagundane, ama-hedgehogs, kwesinye isikhathi ama hares kanye nama-mongoose). Ukudla okuthandekayo kwalezi zinyoni kufaka amaqanda, amaphuphu, amafudu amancane kanye nama-amphibians. Onobhala abazidli izinyoka ezinobuthi njalo, kepha kungenxa yaleli khwalithi lapho abantu base-Afrika behlonipha futhi beyihlonipha le nyoni, ebhekwa njengento enhle futhi ekhonjiswa ezingalweni zaseSudan naseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuzingela njengendlela eyinhloko yokudla
Ukuzingela inyoni eyonobhala kungenye yemisebenzi eyintandokazi nenesidingo yokuba khona, lapho kukhombisa khona ubuqili obuningi. Ngakho-ke, ngenhloso yokudukisa inyoka, yenza ama-jogs, ishintsha njalo ukuqondisa, ibheke ukuqaphela kwalaba bantu ngale ndlela.
Lapho ifuna inyamazane, inyoni engumbhali ihlanganisa izindawo ezivulekile, lapho kukhona utshani obude futhi obukhulu isakaza amaphiko ayo, ishaye phezu kwayo, iphoqa izisulu ezingaba khona ukuba izithole. Bese kuba nokuphishekela okuncane nokugwinya kohlukunyezwayo, kuya ngosayizi omncane, noma umzabalazo lapho uhlangana nomfanekiso omkhulu. Kulokhu, inyoni ebhalayo isebenzisa uqhwaku nemilenze yayo, izama ukugebha inyamazane futhi ibulale ngokushaya okukhulu.
Abantu abadala abanazo izitha zemvelo, okungenakushiwo ngam amaphuphu abo. Izidleke ezinkulu ezivulekile zivame ukucekelwa phansi yizikhova nase-Afrika.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Unobhala bird Kungaqhamuka emndenini wonobhala naseqenjini elinjenge-hawk, okungukuthi, kubaphikisi bosuku. Le nyoni engajwayelekile iyisitha esesabeka kunazo zonke izinyoka, noma zingakanani, ngamagundane, amagundane, amasele.
Okusho ukuthi, ungumvikeli wangempela wemvelo ovikela bonke abalimi. Ngokwemvelo, ezindlini zobhala, le nyoni ithokozela udumo nothando. Abanye abalimi bazikhulisa ngokukhethekile izinyoni ezinjalo.
Kepha ngokuzenzela, onobhala bancamela ukuhlala ebangeni elithile nomuntu. Le nyoni inkulu kakhulu - ubude bayo bomzimba bufika ku-150 cm, futhi amaphiko ayo angaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-2. Noma kunjalo, isisindo sayo asisikhulu kakhulu kosayizi abanjalo - ama-4 kg kuphela.
Esithombeni ungabona ukuthi inyoni engumbhali ayinakuziqhenya ngombala ogqamile, amaplamu grey aba mnyama ngokubhekisisa umsila bese iba mnyama. Eduze kwamehlo, kuye uqhwaku, isikhumba asimboziwe nge-feather, ngakho-ke umbala ubomvu.
Kepha le nyoni inemilenze emide kakhulu. Ungumgijimi omuhle kakhulu, ijubane lakhe lingafinyelela ku-30 km / h nangaphezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphandle kokugijima kokuqala, angeke akwazi ukuphuma ngokushesha, kufanele ugijime. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuba nemilenze emide kangaka kuzofanele kube nentamo ende efanayo, ngoba i-crane ne-heron zinesakhiwo somzimba esinjalo.
Kepha inyoni - unobhala akafani nabo. Ikhanda lakhe lifana nelokhozi. Lawa amehlo amakhulu, noqhomo olugobekile. Kuliqiniso, ukufana kwephulwa ngumklamo oyingqayizivele wezimpaphe eziningana. Kungenxa yazo ukuthi le nyoni yathola igama layo. Kubuhlungu ukuthi lesi sigaqa sifana nezimpaphe ze-goose ezingoonobhala bezikhathi ezedlule zinamathele kuma-wigs. Yebo, futhi igugu lenyoni elibalulekile lifaka leli gama.
Inyoni - Unobhala uyaphila kuma-savannah ase-Afrika. Indawo yayo yonke indawo kusukela eSahara kuya eSouth Africa. Okukhulu kunakho konke, ukhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinotshani obuphansi, lapho imidwebo yotshani ephezulu ingahlakazeki, futhi, ngakho-ke, ukuzingela kuzoba nzima kakhulu.
Isimilo nendlela yokuphila
Ngenxa yemilenze yayo emide, inyoni izizwa imnandi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi lapha. Onobhala bazizwa bekhululekile phansi kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka sengathi abakwazi ukundiza. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Imvamisa, inyoni ebhala ngokubhabha ingaqhamukela phezulu esidlekeni sayo ngesikhathi sokuzala. Esikhathini sonke isikhathi, inyoni idla ngokukhazimula ngaphandle kokuphakama ezulwini.
Izinyoni zihamba amabanga amade impela ngifuna ukudla. Ngasikhathi sinye, lo mbhangqwana, owadalwa kwaba kanye ngempilo yonke, uzama ukuhlala usondelene. Ngendlela, ukwethembana komunye nomunye ngesinye isici esikhanyayo sababhali. Abavumanga ukushintsha abalingani babo kukho konke impilo.
Lo mbhangqwana uhlala endaweni ethile, ozivikela ngentshiseko ekungangeni kwezihambi. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuvikela insimu yakhe, umuntu udingeka nokuba alwe, lapho bobabili abesilisa besebenzisa imilenze yabo eqinile. Ngemuva kokukhathalela kosuku (kanye nosuku inyoni ingahamba ibanga elingama-30 km), onobhala baya kolala emiqhele yemithi.
Umsoco
Inyoni ebhalayo ingcono kunabo bonke abanye abazingeli bakhona abajwayele ukuzingela emhlabathini. Kukhona izinganekwane mayelana nobukhazikhazi balezi zinyoni. Ngelinye ilanga, izinyoka ezi-3, izimbiza ezi-4, kanye nezimfudu ezincane ezingama-21 zatholakala kuleloba likanobhala. Ukudla kukanobhala kuyahlukahluka kusuka kwesikhonyane nokuswakala kwenyoka enkulu enobuthi.
Ngendlela, ukuzingela kwenyoka kukhombisa inyoni - unobhala, hhayi nje njengesigelekeqe esinamandla, kepha futhi njengomzingeli ohlakaniphe kakhulu. Lapho inyoni ithola inyoka, iqala ukuhlasela, izama ukwenza umzingeli ngokukuluma kwayo okunobuthi.
Unobhala ushaya konke ukuhlaselwa kwenyoka ngophiko oluvulekile, ucasha ngemuva kwabo njengesihlangu. I-duel enjalo ingahlala isikhathi eside impela, ekugcineni, inyoni ikhetha isikhathi lapho icindezela ikhanda lekhanda phansi ngobuhlakani futhi ibulale isitha ngomlomo onamandla. By the way, le nyoni ingachoboza kalula igobolondo lesifufula ngemilenze nangomlomo.
Unobhala bird ubambe inyoka
Ngokubamba inyamazane encane nezinkulu, unobhala unamaqhinga. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ukuqala ukuhamba kwayo kwansuku zonke nxazonke kwensimu, le nyoni ishaya amaphiko ayo ngokuqinile, yenza umsindo omningi, ngenxa yalokho izinduku ezesabekayo zigxuma ziphume endaweni yokukhosela zibaleke zibaleke. Ngakho-ke bayazinikela, kepha bayehluleka ukuphunyuka emilengeni yezinyoni ezisheshayo.
Uma ukugoba kwamaphiko kungenamphumela othusayo, inyoni inganyathela ngamakhompiyutha asolisayo, ngakho-ke akukho hlaba elingamelana nalo. Elinye iqiniso elihehayo. Kukhona imililo emisebeni yesikebhe, lapho wonke umuntu ecasha futhi abaleke khona, kubandakanya nezisulu zenyoni, unobhala.
Ngoba ayibaleki futhi ayifihli, iyazingela ngalesi sikhathi. Uhlwitha ngamagundane aqhamuke emlilweni. Futhi ngemuva kokuthi kungabibikho ozobamba, inyoni indiza kalula phezu komugqa womlilo, ihambe emhlabeni onukayo futhi idle izilwane esezishisiwe.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Isikhathi sokuzala salezi zinyoni kuya ngesimo semvula. Kungesi sikhathi sokukhwelana lapho owesilisa ekhombisa bonke ubuhle bendiza yakhe namandla ezintambo zezwi. Imidanso yokuhlanganisa iyaqala, lapho owesilisa eshayela insikazi ngaphambi kwakhe. Ngemuva kwawo wonke umsiko womshado, lo mbhangqwana uqhubeka nokwakha isidleke.
Lapho akukho okukhathaza umbhangqwana, nesidleke singonakalisiwe, khona-ke asikho isidingo sesidleke esisha, bavele baqinise futhi bandise isidleke esakhiwe ngaphambili. Isidleke kufanele sibe banzi, ububanzi baso bufika ku-1, 5 metres, futhi isidleke esidala singafinyelela kumamitha amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Yilapho insikazi ibekela amaqanda ukusuka ku-1 kuya ku-3. Futhi emva kwenyanga nesigamu, amaphuphu azalwa. Sonke lesi sikhathi owesilisa udla umama, futhi lapho kuvela inzalo, bobabili abazali sebevele bayawunakekela lo feed. Okokuqala, amaphuphu anikezwa i-gruel kusuka enyameni egayiwe, bese aqala ukondla inyama nje.
Unobhala wezinyoni zomama ngamachwane
Kungemva kwamaviki ayi-11 kuphela amaphuphu ayaqina, ame ephikweni futhi azokwazi ukuphuma esidlekeni. Futhi ngaphambi kwalokho, bafunda kubazali babo ukuzingela, bamukele imikhuba nemithetho yokuziphatha, bayibuke. Uma kwenzeka okubi, futhi iphuphu liwela esidlekeni ngaphambi kokufunda ukundiza, kufanele afunde ukuhlala emhlabeni - ukucasha esihlahleni sezinyamazane, abaleke, acashe.
Futhi ngaphandle kokuthi abazali bakhe bayaqhubeka bemondla emhlabeni, iphuphu elinjalo alihlali liphatha ukusinda - amachwane angavikeleki anezitha eziningi kakhulu emvelweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, amachwane amathathu, kuvame ukusinda eyodwa. Lokhu kancane. Yebo futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwenyoni - unobhala hhayi omkhulu kakhulu, kuze kube kuphela kweminyaka eyi-12.
Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala
Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi inyoni engajwayelekile ihlala e-Afrika kuphela. Njengoba inyoni engumbhali akuyona inyoni efudukayo, ayitholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni wethu ku-vivo. E-Afrika, le nyoni engajwayelekile ingatholakala eningizimu yogwadule lwaseSahara kuze kufike emaphethelweni aseningizimu yezwekazi.
Endaweni ehlala kuyo, inyoni ebhala ngokukhephuka ikhetha izindawo ezisitshiwe ngezihlahla ezingavamile ukukhula. Emahlathini ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi uhlangane naye ngenxa yezici ezithile zale nyoni engajwayelekile. Sizokhuluma ngalezi zinto ngemuva kwesikhathi.
Ukubonakala KukaNobhala Wezinyoni
Unobhala bird - ukuphela komuntu omele umndeni womabhalane, izinyoni ze-Hawk ye-oda. Ngempela, uma ubheka iphrofayili yokuziqhenya kwale nyoni engajwayelekile enomlomo oqinile ogobile, eyodwa ikhumbula ngokungazenzisi okhozi, izinyosi, amakhaza.
Ubukhulu benyoni ebukekayo buyathandeka. Ubude bawo bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, kanti amaphiko ngokwesilinganiso angamamitha ayi-2! Kepha ngale ndlela ehlaba umxhwele, isisindo esijwayelekile sisukela kumakhilogremu amane. Le nyoni engajwayelekile, enedatha enjalo, ibukeka inhle kakhulu futhi ihamba kahle lapho ihamba phakathi kwe-savannah ifuna isisulu.
Umbala we-plumage yenyoni enobumbano ungejwayelekile. Kuqala ngoku-mhlophe bese kancane kancane kuphenduka okumnyama emsileni. Lo mbala ufana nejazi le-frock lababhalisi ababehlala ezinkantolo ezikhathini ezedlule. Isici esivelele sale nyoni engajwayelekile yizimpaphe eziningana ezinde ezimnyama ezikhula ekhanda, ezikhuphuka ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Futhi ezikhathini ezijwayelekile kukhumbuza kakhulu izimpaphe ze-goose, umabhalane obambelele ngemuva kwendlebe yakhe. Empeleni kwale nhlangano, le nyoni engajwayelekile yabizwa ngokuthi inyoni engunobhala. Ekhanda endaweni yeso, isikhumba asinawo amapayipi futhi sibukeka sangempela. Isikhumba kulezi zindawo luwolintshi, okunikeza ubuhle obungeziwe. Amehlo enyoni enkulukazi, enkulu futhi egqamile, nayo idonsela ukunaka. Le nyoni engajwayelekile inombono omuhle kakhulu, ivumela ukulandelela inyamazane yayo.
Ngokwehlukana, kuyazuzisa ukuhlala ngokuchazwa kwemilenze. Le yimilenze emide kakhulu, ecijile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye enamandla amakhulu, embozwe ngesikali esihlala isikhathi eside esivikela kahle inyoni engunobhala ekulimeni kwezinyoka ezinobuthi ezidonswa yile nyoni engajwayelekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukwazi ukuthi ungandiza kanjani-unobhala wezinyoni uchitha cishe sonke isikhathi sakhe emhlabeni, ehamba njalo efuna inyamazane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzwani ziphela ngozipho ezinkulu eziqinile eziguqula imilenze yale nyoni engajwayelekile ibe isikhali esibulalayo. Sizokhuluma kabanzi ngezindlela zokuzingela inyoni esezinhlungwini zezilwane ezihuquzelayo eziyingozi kakhulu kamuva.
Unobhala Wezinyoni Indlela Yokuphila
Inyoni ebhalayo ingumhlaseli onjenge-hawk.Ngakho-ke, uphila impilo yansuku zonke, elandela umkhondo waso njalo. Kepha uchitha ubusuku emetheni.
Ungabona ukundiza kwenyoni ebibambile phakathi nesikhathi sokuzalela kokubeletha kwamaqanda.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, ukuze ikhuphuke, inyoni ebhalayo kufanele igijime. Ngakho-ke, le nyoni engajwayelekile ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile, igwema ukutholakala kwamahlathi aminyene asehlathini.
Kuhle ukusho ngokwahlukana ukuthi inyoni engumbhali ihlukile kwezinye izihlobo ngokuzinikela kwayo okuhlukile kumlingani.
Njengomthetho, imibhangqwana yakha phakathi nenkathi yokuqala yokuguga nokuphila. Inyoni ebhalayo ayinayo indawo ehlala njalo. Efuna ukudla, uhlala ezulazula ebangeni elikhulu impela.
UNobhala wezinyoni ezizalwayo
Njengoba sesishilo, inyoni engunobhala ithembekile impela kumlingani azikhethele yona ngesikhathi sokuqala sokuvuthwa. Futhi ubudlelwane bale nyoni engajwayelekile nalowo okhethiwe abuphazanyiswa impilo yakhe yonke. Isikhathi sokuzalela inyoni engunobhala sihambisana nesikhathi semvula. Ngesikhathi sokufuna umlingani, owesilisa wenza uhlobo lokundiza oluzayo, eheha insikazi ngendlela yendiza efana ne-wave.
Ukwakhiwa kwesidleke kwenzeka ngokuhlangene. Isidleke sitholakala eziqongweni zezihlahla ezinomqhele osicaba. Kwakhiwa isidleke sezinduku namagatsha. Ububanzi bayo bufinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-1-3 amakhulu futhi ibambe inzalo cishe izinsuku ezingama-45. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa useduze, ekhombisa ukunakekela othinta umama wesikhathi esizayo, amvikele kwizinyamazane, futhi alethe inyamazane ukuze ondle umlingani wakhe.
Izinsana ezizalwa emhlabeni zichitha izinyanga ezintathu esidlekeni, zithola amandla okuqala impilo ezimele. Abazali babo badla ndawonye, kuqala baklebhula inyama ebunjiwe, futhi kamuva baletha inyamazana ezinganeni futhi bazijwayele nenyama entsha.
Isiphetho
Unobhala wenyoni esihlangane naye namhlanje uyathandwa futhi uyahlonishwa ngabantu bendawo ngamakhono akhe angajwayelekile. Yize kunjalo, le nyoni engajwayelekile iyimpi engenacala yezinyoka ezinobuthi, isindisa abantu bendawo kwizidalwa eziyingozi ezihlala eduze kwezindlu. Baze bazame nokuzalela le nyoni ikakhulukazi emapulazini ngenhloso yokuqeda ukuhlangana okungafuneki nezinyoka ezinobuthi.
Phakathi kwezakhamizi zase-Afrika, kubhekwa njengenyoni enhle kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi inyoni engumbhali iboniswa ejokeni lezingalo zaseNingizimu Afrika naseSudan. Kufanekisela amandla futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuvikelwa ezitheni.
Ukuchazwa kwenyoni
Ubude bomzimba wenyoni buqhamuka ku-125 kuye ku-155 cm, isisindo sifinyelela ku-4 kg. Izimpiko cishe zingamasentimitha angama-210. Umehluko ongaphandle ohlukile kwezinye izinyoni izimpaphe ezimnyama ekhanda, ezikhuphuka ngesikhathi sokudalwa kwezidleke.
Ngokuvamile, ukubukeka kwale nyoni kujwayelekile kakhulu. Unekhanda elincane, uqhwaku lomhlophe onsundu, intamo ende, nomzimba onamandla, okhozi. Inyoni ebhalayo ihlukaniswa imilenze yayo emide kakhulu, ephela ngeminwe emifushane enemikhono emfushane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inyoni ibukeka sengathi ihamba phezu kwezinsimbi.
Ubuningi benyoni engumbhali entanyeni nasiswini ngimpunga, eba mnyama eduze komsila. Azikho izimpaphe eduze kwamehlo futhi ubhekeni futhi kwesikhumba sewolintshi kuyabonakala.
Izici Zokudla KukaNobhala Wezinyoni
Isisulu esiyinhloko senyoni eyinyoka izinyoka, ngisho nezinobuthi ezinjenge-cobra, kanye nama-amphibians, izibankwa, izinambuzane, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinyoni.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyamazane, unobhala akakaze abheke inyamazane yakhe evela emoyeni, akabambi isisulu ngezihlakala zayo futhi ayinamatheli kwaso. Unobhala bird ukuzingela kuphela emhlabathini. Ubamba izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane ngoqhwaku lwazo, izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zivala imilenze yakhe eqinile. Amandla emilenze yenyoni eyimfihlo imvumela ukuba ashaye ngisho amagobolondo amajuba ngokushaya okukodwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela inyoka, lesi silwanyana esidla izinyawo sigijimela emhlabathini, sishaye amaphiko aso kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi inyamazane izinikela ngokwayo futhi izame ukukhamba, ilahlekelwe isimilo. Unobhala-nyoni ubamba inyamazane edidekile ngokunyakaza kwe-zigzag kanye nokushaya okuqinile komobe emgogodleni kuyayibulala.
Uma inyoka iqala ukuzivikela, khona-ke inyoni iyakwazi ukugwema ngobuhlakani ukuluma bese ukhetha umzuzu wokuhlasela. Ngesikhathi somzabalazo onjalo, unobhala usebenzisa elinye lamaphiko asakazekile njengesihlangu. Ukulwa okunjalo kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi eside, kepha unobhala uhlala ebashiya njengonqobayo. Ngenxa yamakhono anjalo, inyoni engumbhali idumile njengomcibishikisi omkhulu wenyoka.
Unobhala wezinyoni unamandla kakhulu. Ososayensi bake bakwazile ukuthola izimfudu ezincane ezingama-21, izibankwa ezi-4, izinyoka ezi-3 nenani elikhulu lesikhonyane ku-goiter yomuntu omdala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imililo emikhulu futhi ebulalayo yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ihlala ivela kuma-savannah ase-Afrika. Ezimweni ezinje, izinyoni zizama ukundiza zibalekele umlilo, izinyamazane nezinyamazane ziyabaleka, izibankwa, izimfudu nezinyoka zifihla emigodini.
Ukusakazeka kwezinyoni
Inyoni ebhalayo yande e-Afrika, lapho indawo yayo yokuhlala isuka eningizimu yeSahara iye eSouth Africa. Impilo yonke, umhlaseli ukhetha izitebhisi nama-steppes amahlathi - ama-savannas, akhiwe ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeSudan naseSenegal kuze kufike eKapa.
Abantu ababhala phansi bahlala eningizimu yezwekazi bahlala phansi. Izakhamizi zasenyakatho ziyinyoni ezifudukayo.
Bahlala ezindaweni zabo zomdabu ngoJuni, ngesikhathi semvula, bese kuthi ngoJulayi bafuye, bese kuthi kusuka kuZibandlela kuze kube nguJanuwari, lapho kuba nesomiso, bandizela eningizimu. Izinyoni zoNgqongqoshe azivamile ukuhlala eduze kwamakhaya abantu ukugwema ukonakalisa izidleke zazo.
UNobhala wezinyoni ezizalwayo
Izinyoni ezingunobhala weMonogamous zakha umbhangqwana empilweni futhi zigcine zithembekile. Ukudalwa kombhangqwana kwandulelwa yisiko lomshado elihehayo. Owesilisa, onakekela owesimame amthandayo, umtshengisa indiza ebukekayo efana negagasi lapho ekhala khona kakhulu, efana nokububula. Ngemuva kwendiza, owesilisa uhlala phansi eduze nowesifazane, avule amaphiko akhe ammemele emshadweni ohlanganyelwe womshado.
Isidleke sihlelwe ngababili ababambisene ndawonye, eziqongweni ze-acacias noma emiqheleni eyisicaba ezinye izihlahla endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-6 ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba. Isidleke senyoni ebunjiwe siyindlela elula yokucaba yamahlumela, kusukela ngaphakathi kwezinyoni kuyilinganisa ngotshani obulula.
Uma indawo yokudlela isezolile impela, khona-ke lo mbhangqwana ubuyela kuwo unyaka nonyaka, ulungisa futhi wakhe isidleke sawo esidala. Ububanzi besidleke esinjalo sonyaka sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 Ngokuya ngezimo zezulu nokutholakala kokudla, onobhala bangashintsha izindawo zabo zokuhlala.
Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2 kuya kwangama-3 ngombala omhlophe ngombala okwehlukaniswa izinsuku ezimbalwa. Isikhathi sokufakelwa sithatha cishe amasonto ayisikhombisa. Imichilo yenyoni eyimfihlo izalwa imbozwe nge-fluff emhlophe noma ekhanyayo. Abazali bondla abantwana, bagoba amachwane ukudla okugaywe ngogayi.
Lapho amachwane ekhula, abazali baqala ukuletha izisulu zabo. Esidlekeni, izingane zichitha izinsuku ezingama-75 kuye kwezingama-85. Ngalesi sikhathi, bavame ukuphuma bangene esidlekeni ukuze bafunde ukuthi bangandiza kanjani.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Ngaphandle kokuthi abantu bendawo bayamhlonipha unobhala wezinyoni ngokusiza ekuqothulweni kwezinyoka, noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi akuyona into embi ukucekela phansi izidleke zazo.
Ngokwengeza kulokhu inani eliphansi lokusinda kwamachwane nokuncipha kwendawo ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi nokulinywa komhlaba ngabantu - kwenzeka ukuthi le nyoni yasatshiswa ngokuqothulwa. Ngo-1968, i-African Convention for the Conservation of Nature yathatha inyoni eyayivikela.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngenyoni
- ENingizimu Afrika, inyoni engumbhali ibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinhle, isithombe sayo ibekwe engxenyeni yezingalo zaseNingizimu Afrika, lapho inyoni idwetshwe khona ngamaphiko asakazekile, okuwuphawu lokuphakama kwesizwe saseNingizimu Afrika ngaphezu kwezitha zayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamaphiko akhe avulekile, unobhala uqapha izwe lakhe. Izithombe zenyoni kanobhala nazo zifakwa emjondolo wezingalo zaseSudan.
- Ngesikhathi sokudlekwa, iduna ligada ngokucophelela indawo yalo. Noma yimuphi umfokazi ozama ukusondela esidlekeni, inyoni ihlasela ngokushaya kwemilenze yayo eqinile nokujaha.
- Ukondla izingane, unobhala uthola umdlalo omkhulu, osetshenziswa kakhulu. Inyoni ifihla isisulu esibulewe ngaphansi kwezihlahla, bese ibuyela kuso njengoba kudingeka. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla ezindaweni ezomile zase-Afrika, onobhala bavame ukukhulisa inkukhu eyodwa kuphela.
- Ebantwini, inyoni ebhalayo iyasiza ngoba idla izinambuzane. Abalimi baseNingizimu Afrika baze bazifihla ngokukhethekile lezi zinyoni emapulazini abo ukuvikela izinkukhu ezinyokeni nasekubhubhiseni amagundane. Onobhala abasebancane kulula ukuzenza futhi bahlala ngokukhululeka eduze komuntu.
- Emvelweni, abantu abadala bagwema inyoni engunobhala womuntu. Lapho isondela inyoni, isuka ngokushesha ngezinyathelo ezinkulu futhi ezisheshayo, ibaleke bese ihamba. Ekuqaleni, indiza kanobhala inzima, kepha endaweni ephakeme iba nomusa, inyuka.
I-Ara parrot
Igama lesi Latin: | I-Sagittarius Snariarius |
Igama lesiNgisi: | Kuyacaciswa |
Umbuso: | Izilwane |
Uhlobo: | Chordate |
Isigaba: | Izinyoni |
Ukuhlonza: | Hawk-like |
Umndeni: | UNobhala Wezinyoni |
Umusa: | UNobhala Wezinyoni |
Ubude bomzimba: | 125-15 cm |
Ubude bephiko: | Kuyacaciswa |
I-Wingspan: | 210 cm |
Isisindo: | 4000 g |