Izinyoka zamanzi ahlanzekile angaphansi komhlaba (I-Homalopsinae) ihlangana ngezinhlobo ezingama-28, zihlukaniswe nge-genera eyi-10. Abaningi babo baphila impilo yasemanzini njalo. Zihlala zombili izimbotshana zamanzi angenamanzi nezintsha, kufaka phakathi ezincane, ngisho nezinesikhashana. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka zamanzi ahlanzekile ziningi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, emasimini erayisi agcwele amanzi nasezixhaphozini. Imvamisa baphuma emanzini bangene emhlabeni, lapho bezizwa beqiniseka ngokuphelele. Izinyoka zamanzi zidlangile kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia zisuka eNdiya empumalanga ziya e-Australia naseziQhingini zasePhilippine eningizimu nasentshonalanga eseningizimu.
Habitat
Inyoka yetende, noma i-herpeton (I-Erpeton tentaculatum) isatshalaliswa e-Indochina, eThailand, eMalaysia, eCambodia naseVietnam. Indawo yokuhlala emile nemizimba yamanzi ehamba kancane. Lezi zinyoka zingabathandi abancane ukushiya indawo yazo yokuhlala, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi ziyakwazi ukukhwela imicibisholo noma ezinye izinto eziphuma emanzini. Azungeza umhlaba ngobunzima obukhulu. Imvelo idale izimo ezihle kakhulu empilweni yama-herpetons eLake Tonle Sap maphakathi neCambodia. Amanzi alo amnyama angenasawoti ahlala inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi, njalo ziwela emihlathini yesicupho se -inyoka.
Mayelana nenyoka. Imisindvo. Habitat.
U inyoka ekhuphukayo - enobuthi esevele inesici esiyingqayizivele esingaphandle - isembozo samatende esikhulayo ebusweni baso.
KANYE inyoka isebenzisa amatende aso njenge “sensor sensors”, ngosizo lapho ithola imininingwane ngalokho okwenzekayo nxazonke.
NGEMPELA kwenzeka nxazonke endaweni yasemanzini, kunjalo. Inyoka yetende iduma kusuka ngaphansi kwezinyoka zamanzi amasha. Uchitha cishe impilo yakhe yonke ngaphansi kwamanzi - lapho azingela khona, aphindaphinde futhi aphumule.
3 IMea isatshalaliswa e-Indochina, okungukuthi emazweni anjengeVietnam, iMalawi, iBangladeshi, iThailand, iLaos, iCambodia, neMyanmar. Izakhamizi zeCIS zisaphephile: D
Incazelo Nezici
Isici esibonakalayo salenyoka izimbotshana zetende eziphuma embozwe izikali ezincane. Lesi isembozo esimise okomfanekiso wesigaxa sikhula ekhanda lakhe. Ngokunokwenzeka, lezi zinsuku ezimbili eziphuma ngaphandle ezihlotshiswe ngemisipha zisetshenziswa njengezinzwa zokuzwa lapho i-herpeton ithola khona ulwazi ngokwenzekayo nxazonke. Esimweni esizolile, inyoka icindezela amatende ekhanda, futhi uma kunesidingo kuwasunduzela phambili, njengamantongathi. Umzimba nekhanda lenyoka kuyacaba, amehlo asezinhlangothini zesizalo futhi empeleni awaphumi. Isisekelo sekhanda ezinhlangothini sinwetshwe kancane. Isidumbu simbozwe ngezikali ezibunjiwe. Isikali sincane, sibiyelwe, futhi izihlangu zekhanda azikhulisi. Umbala onsundu ngotshani obumnyama obugqamile noma imivimbo emhlane nemikhonto ekhanyayo ezinhlangothini. Izithako zesisu ezenzelwe ukuhambisa izinyoka emhlabeni zixinaniswe ngokuqinile endaweni enezimbali futhi zibe nezinkinobho ezimbili. Isikhumba salezi zinyoka sivame ukumbozwa nge-algae, okukhona kuzo i-typiosis. Kukholelwa ukuthi lezi zilwane zivimba izifo zesikhunta zesikhumba. Inyoka yetende ifinyelela ubude obu-70-90 cm.
Ukuzingela. Amaqhinga wokuhlasela. Ubuthi
3 UMeia uchitha iningi lempilo yakhe emanzini, ngakho-ke ukhetha izinhlanzi njengezisulu.
P Inqubo yokuzingela iyajabulisa. Inyoka ithatha uhlobo lwegama lesiNgisi elithi "J", amahora amaningi ilinde inhlanzi. Lapho nje isisulu esingahle sishayele esiseduze ngokwanele, inyoka, isebenzisa ingaphambili lesele, ithumela amaza okugcwala, nenhlanzi, izizwele (izanyazanyiswa), iziqonde ngamakhanda ibheke ngaphesheya - ngqo emlonyeni womhlaseli.
U inyoka efanelekile inobuthi, kepha amandla obuthi bayo yanele kuphela ukwenza inhlanzi ebanjiwe ihlukane.
TO Iminsalo yenyoka incane kakhulu futhi ijulile ukukulimaza abantu. Umhlaseli ngeke akwazi ukukuluma.
Ukudla nokuzingela izinhlanzi
Kudla herpeton inhlanzi iningi. Ukulungiselela ukuzingela, inyoka iphendukisa ikhanda layo ngohlobo lwencwadi u “J” bese ilinda isisulu. Ngenxa yokusabela emuva, izinhlanzi zidinga izinkulungwane zemizuzwana ukugwema amazinyo omhlaseli, ngakho-ke inyoka, lapho isisulu isemigqeni, yenza ijezi ebukhali ingekho ngekhanda kodwa ngomsila wayo, nenhlanzi igijimela ngqo emlonyeni womphangi. Ezimweni ezingama-78%, ukuzingela kuphumelela ngempumelelo. Ukuphutha kwenzeka lapho inhlanzi ingasebenzi ngokwezinto ezibucayi.
Ukuze bazivikele bona kanye nenzalo yabo yesikhathi esizayo, izakhamizi zamanzi afanayo odaka eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho izinyoka zetende zihlala khona futhi zizingela, zazivumelanisa nezimo ukuze zibaleke engozini zisebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngeC-Refx. Ngemuva kokubamba ukuguquguquka okuncane kwamanzi, inhlanzi igobisa umzimba ngesimo sencwadi C futhi, ngokunganqikazi, ibhukuda ngejubane lombani liqonde ngqo emthonjeni we-oscillations. Futhi nansi amazinyo e-herpeton, ebekade ibala ukuqondiswa kokuhamba kwenhlanzi, ngenhloso ithumele igagasi liqonde lapho inyakaziswa khona phambi komzimba. Ngaphambi kokuphonsa, inyoka iqaqa izitshudeni zayo futhi ngokunyakaza okubukhali kwekhanda layo ibamba isisulu esikhohlisiwe. Amasu anjalo wokuzingela cishe njalo, ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, aletha imiphumela elindelekile. Kulokhu, i-reflex evikela isebenzela inhlanzi kabi - ngemuva kokuzwa ukuguquguquka, izinhlanzi zihlangana ngokushesha kangangokuba azisakwazi ukuguqula noma yini futhi ngenxa yalokho ziqonda ngqo emlonyeni wesinyamazane. Nasi isicupho esingenankinga esinamandla amancane asetshenzisiwe. Ososayensi abaqondi ngokuphelele ukuthi inyoka "ifunde kanjani" ngale ndlela yokuvikela izinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-herpetus ihamba nekhanda hhayi lapho izinhlanzi zazisanda, kodwa lapho kwavela khona umzuzwana kamuva, i.e. ubikezela ngokuziphatha kwekusasa kwalowo ohlukumezekile.
Incazelo
Ubude bebonke abamele lo mndeni buqhamuka ku-50 cm kuye ku-1 m. Inhloko iyisicaba, iphakeme. Umzimba uqinile futhi umncanyana, umsila umude ngokulingana.
Njengezinyoka ezinamachaphaza, amathumbu adluliselwa engxenyeni engenhla ye-muzzle, amehlo aqondiswa phezulu, nomlomo namakhala kufakwe i-valve ekhethekile evimbela ukuhamba kwamanzi. Kodwa, izikali ezimboze isidumbu azange zenze izinguquko ezinkulu ngokuqhathaniswa nezinyoka zomhlaba. Amazinyo wombhangqwana ongasemuva womhlathi ongaphezulu uyakhula, abe negrey ebusweni bangaphambili futhi axhumane nendlala ekhiqiza ubuthi.
Umbala wesikhumba uvela ephuzi kuye onsundu.
Isimo sezinhlobo zezinyoka zamanzi
Kunamaqembu amabili amakhulu wezinyoka zamanzi - amanzi amasha kanye nolwandle. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo zomndeni wasolwandle walezi ezihuquzelayo azitholakali endaweni yezwe lethu, sizokhuluma ikakhulu ngezinyoka zamanzi ahlanzekile. Iningi labamele le nkampani engaphansi komndeni wayo selivele lifana, kepha kukhona abamele abaqhamuka ezingxenyeni ezingama-boas nomndeni wezinyoka ezi-warty.
Isikebhe
Izici zokubonakala kwenyoka yetende:
- isici esiyingqayizivele salolu hlobo lwenyoka ubukhona bezinqubo ze-tentacle ekhanda, ezembozwe ngezikali ezincane kakhulu,
- ubude bomzimba buhlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-70 kuye kwangama-90,
- umzimba umbozwe ngezikali ezibunjiwe,
- onogada abenzelwe ukuhamba ngomhlaba, abasesiswini salezi zinyoka, bancane kakhulu futhi bakha amakhibhodi amabili,
- ingaphezulu lomzimba wenyoka yetabernakele inamandla okutshala kuyo i-algae ehlukahlukene eyenzelwe izinhloso zokuzifihla.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-herpetons (igama lesibili lale subspecies yezilwane ezihuquzelayo) anamandla okuhamba ebusweni bomhlaba, cishe awakaze ashiye izidumbu zamanzi. Ibanga lilinganiselwe ikakhulu e-Indochina, yize kungaziwa amacala ahlukile wokuhlangana nawo kwamanye amazwe webhande elilinganayo. Bangakwazi ukuhamba kalula kulo lonke usayizi wemifula noma amachibi ahlala kuwo, noma kunjalo, bakhetha ukuhlala eduze kwezingqimba zamanzi ezingaphezulu, ngoba kuphela banokushisa okwanele ngempilo yabo ntofontofo. Umkhiqizo oyinhloko ekudleni kwalezi zilwane ezinegazi elibandayo inhlanzi. Ngenkambiso yokuzingela, bagoqa imizimba yabo ngesimo sencwadi uJ, baphendulela amakhanda abo bebheke emsileni, futhi babamba kule ndawo belindele isisulu.
Lapho umuntu ohlaselayo kungenzeka ebhukuda ngokwanele, inyoka yenza umfutho obukhali ngomsila wayo, okwenza inhlanzi isabe futhi yenza ijezi iye emlonyeni wempango. Inqubo yokugaya ingathatha izinsuku ezintathu futhi kuya ngosayizi wayo. Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lubonakala ngokuzalwa okuphilayo. Inqubo yokuzalelisa nemidlalo yokuzalelisa ingenzeka unyaka wonke, ngoba izimo zezulu zobubanzi zibavumela ukukhombisa umsebenzi wonyaka wonke. Esezinhlelweni zokufuna ngababili, amatende abekwe ekhanda lalenyoka adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi athumba ukunyakaza kwesisindo samanzi okuyisimo sabanye abamele abomndeni waso. Ngenkathi yokufaka umquba, owesilisa ufaka insikazi ngomzimba wakhe futhi uyilungisa ngamazinyo entanyeni. Ngokwesilinganiso, insikazi ihola kwilitha elilodwa ukusuka ku-10 kuya ku-15 ama-cubors azalwa ehlelelwe impilo yokuzimela.
UWarty
Izici zokubonakala kokubonakala kwalezi ezihubhayo zingokulandelayo:
- banezikali ezincane ezinesakhiwo se-granular esingambozi indawo yomunye nomunye, phakathi lapho ungathola khona izindawo zesikhumba ezingenalutho. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuthungwa komzimba akubushelelezi, njengoba kujwayelekile cishe kubo bonke abanye abamele lokhu kuthunywa, kepha kuzwakala njengaphezulu komhlaba okumbozwe ngemithambo emincane,
- ukuguquka kwekhanda entanyeni kubushelelezi kakhulu futhi kucishe kungabonakali,
- imidlwane yalezi ezihubhayo i-ovoid, Amehlo ayindilinga futhi makhulu, atholakala phezulu kwekhanda,
- inamandla aqinile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye amazinyo amafushane asayizi ofanayo. Amazinyo awumbozi umhlathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nolwanga.
Njengazo zonke ezinye izinyoka zamanzi, abamele le nkampani engaphansi inamandla okuhamba emhlabeni, kepha bakhetha ukuchitha iningi lesikhathi somsebenzi emanzini. Banendawo yokuhlala ebanzi, kufaka phakathi i-India, Australia, New Guinea kanye neNingizimu kanye neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Bakhetha izindawo zokugcina amanzi, izinga lamanzi lapho lingadluli kumitha elilodwa ukujula. Kwesinye isikhathi basuke beyofuna ukudla futhi ngenhloso yokuhlola insimu bangakhuphuka imifula abahlala kuyo. Zingatholakala nasezingxenyeni zem mang mangves, marshy kanye nezinsimu ezimanzi kanye nasezigodini zolwandle. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwalezi zinyoka izinhlanzi ezinhlobonhlobo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inqubo yokuzingela yehlukile ngandlela thile kwabesilisa nabesifazane: uma owangaphambili ethanda ukulandelela nokujaha inyamazane, laba bavama kakhulu bayilinda.
Isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu walezi ezihubhayo uvame kakhulu ebusuku, esihambisana nezinto ezihlukile zesakhiwo sezinto zabo ezibonakalayo, kanye nemigqi ye-circadian yezitha zabo zemvelo - izilwane ezincelisayo ezidla inyama, ezinye izinyoka ezinkulu nabantu. Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe lezi zinyoka kungenzeka cishe unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kwenkathi kusuka ngoDisemba kuya kuJanuwari, lapho izimo zokushisa zibangela ukuba banciphise kakhulu ukusebenza kwabo. Abesifazane nabesilisa bahlala ngokwehlukana kwabo, bakhetha ukuhlangana bodwa ukuthola umanyolo. Ngenqubo ye-coitus, owesilisa usonga umzimba wakhe ngasezinsikazi futhi ulungisa imihlathi yakhe entanyeni. Abamele lo mndeni wezilwane ezihuquzelayo bayakwazi ukonga isidoda ngokomzimba, ngakho-ke owesifazana akudingeki afune owesilisa ukuba azoshada njalo lapho esekulungele ngokomzimba lokhu. Abesifazane bazala amawundlu amathathu kuya kwayi-7, athi ngemuva kokuzalwa aqale impilo ezimele.
Ama-Anacondas
Ama-Anacondas ayizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu kakhulu ezigcinwe kuze kube namuhla emhlabeni:
- usayizi ophakathi kwabantu abadala uhluka kusuka kumamitha amane kuya kwayi-6. Ezincwadini ungabona kaningi ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lubizwa nangokuthi "amanzi i-boa",
- umbala wemizimba yabo umelwe ikakhulukazi ngamathoni aluhlaza okotshani,
- lonke ingemuva le-anacondas limbozwe yimigqa emibili yezindawo ezinkulu zomthunzi onsundu, othize noma ozungezwe ngesimo, ohlukile kuphethini lokuhlola,
- izinhlangothi zimbozwe umugqa owodwa noma amaningana wezindawo ezinobukhulu obuyimpunga ezungeze amasongo amnyama. Lo mbala unomsebenzi oyifihlayo, uvumela ama-anacondas ukuthi acashe kangcono emanzini.
- izilwane ezincelisayo
- izinyoni zamanzi
- izirhubuluzi ezincane.
Abantu abakhulu bavame ukuhlasela ama-caimans, ama-capybaras nabhaka. Imvamisa, izimfudu ezahlukahlukene, i-tagu, kanye nabamele abancane bezinhlobo zazo nazo zingaba yisisulu se-anaconda. Njengama-boas, le nyoka ilindela inyamazane, icashe emanzini, futhi lapho ilahlekelwa ukuqapha kwayo, isithuthukisa kuyo ngokushesha, futhi isisongele emasongweni, ifukamele. Ukugwinya inyamazane kwenzeka ngokuphelele, lapho i-anaconda kufanele ilule umlomo nomphimbo wayo kakhulu.
Isizini enkulu yokuzalela isukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi futhi ihlangana nesikhathi semvula. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-anacondas aqoqana ngamaqembu izinyoka ngazinye ezithola onyaweni olunephunga elimnandi phansi, ezakheke ngenxa yama-pheromones atholwe abesifazane. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, izinyoka zingqongqothwa endaweni eminyene, kuvame ukwenziwa owesilisa oyedwa nabesilisa abaningana. Ukuhlangana ndawonye kwinqubo ye-coitus, lezi zinyoka zisebenzisa imilenze yangemuva eyinduna, zenza umsindo wokugaya onenqubo. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha izinyanga ezingama-6- 7, lapho insikazi ingalahlekelwa cishe yingxenye yesisindo ngenxa yobunzima bokuzingela obangelwa isikhundla sakhe. Owesifazane uhola aze afike kumawundlu angama-45 ngasikhathi, athi ngaso leso sikhathi ngemuva kokuzalwa aqale impilo ezimele.
Inyoka yaseMelika
Ummeleli walo mndeni, abantu abahlala ezindaweni lapho usatshalaliswa khona, uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi inyoka yamanzi amnyama:
- Izinyoka zaseMelika zinobude bomzimba osukela ku-120 kuya ku-150 amasentimitha. Abesifazane bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesilisa,
- umzimba mkhulu futhi unobubanzi obukhulu ngokwanele,
- umzimba umbozwe ubushelelezi, ucwengekile esikalini samanzi, ansundu, umnqumo oluhlaza okotshani noma ompunga omnyama ngombala, eduze kakhulu komunye nomunye,
- Isikali somgogodla sithe okhiye,
- ngasemuva ubheke emsileni kukhona imichilo emibili enciphisa ububanzi, esikhundleni salokho abanye abantu bangaba nezindawo ezicijile,
- inamehlo amakhulu kakhulu, ayindilinga atholakala ngasohlangothini lwe-muzzle enezingane ezinkulu, eziyindilinga.
Indawo le ingena ikakhulu emazweni aseNyakatho naseMelika Ephakathi. Kaningi bangahlangana e-United States, Mexico, Canada, Cuba naseziqhingini zaseCaribbean.Njengendawo yokuhlala esemqoka, lezi zilwane zithanda izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini - iziteshi zemifula emincane ene-flow slowly, amachibi amancanyana, angajulile futhi amancanyana ngosayizi amancanyana namabhayisekili, kanye nemingcele yolwandle. Emini, kaningi zitholakala zishiswa elangeni. Bakhuphuka kahle phezu kwezihlahla namabhasi agibela amanzi, nokho, ngesibonakaliso esincane sengozi bagxumela emizimbeni yamanzi ngejubane lombani. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwabamele leli qembu lezinyoka izinhlanzi ezinhlobonhlobo nama-amphibians. Amacala okudla izilwane ezincane zaseMelika kanye nabantu abancane abhaliwe. Inqubo yokuzingela yenzeka emanzini. Inyoka ingena phansi, igoqa izindandatho futhi ilindele ngesineke isisulu sayo esizayo.
Ngemuva kokuba lokhu kungasasebenzi futhi kubhukude eduze nenyoka yokuzingela, kwenza ijerk yombani, kufaka inyamazane emlonyeni wakhe futhi kusonge umzimba wakhe kuyo ukuze iqale inqubo yokuhlehla kancane kancane. AmaSwallows aphelele. Inqubo yokugaya ukudla ingathatha izinsuku ezi-5, kuya ngosayizi wezinyamazane, lapho isilwane siliqhelele kude namanzi endaweni yaso yokuhlala. Inqubo esebenzayo kakhulu yokwenziwa kabusha kwalezi ezihubhayo kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa bafuna ngenkuthalo abesifazane ezintabeni zokushisa kanye nama-pheromones akhishwe yizo inqubo yokuphila. Lapho insikazi kanye nowesilisa bethola omunye komunye, bakhetha ukuthola indawo ethule, ebiyelwe yokuhlanganisa - ngokwesibonelo, umgodi wesihlahla, umhume omncane, iphutha ledwala noma igebe elikhulu phakathi kwezimpande zezihlahla. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda. Ngesikhathi esifushane, insikazi yakhela amaqanda okwesikhashana, lapho amathole acishe alungele ukudonsa. Ngokwesilinganiso, insikazi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-90 ngasikhathi.
Izinyoka zamanzi nomuntu
Ngenxa yokwanda kwesibalo sabantu emhlabeni wonke kanye nokwanda kancane kancane kwabantu ezindaweni abangazange bazithuthukise ngenxa yezimo zezulu eziphikisayo noma ukungafinyeleleki, abantu baya ngokuya babhekene nalokhu okuphindaphindayo kwezilokotho.
Njengoba ngokuphelele bonke abamele iqembu leenyoka zamanzi bengekho ubuthi futhi, empeleni, ngeke balimaze kakhulu abantu abaningi (ngaphandle kwe-anaconda), imvamisa le mihlangano igcina ngokuvinjelwa kobubanzi babo, ukuqothulwa komuntu ngamunye namaqanda, okuholela ekunyamalaleni kancane kancane kwalezi zinto ezihuqayo nge ubuso bomhlaba. Ngezansi sizobhekana nemininingwane eminingi nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ulunywe yinyoka enjalo, ukuthi kungaba namiphi imiphumela futhi nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukulunywa.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho ezingaluma khona
Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi zinyoka ziqala ukukhombisa ubudlova kumuntu uma esekude kakhulu nensimu ayiphethe, aziphathe ngokweqile kubo, noma abonise ngqo ulaka. Njengoba lezi zinyoka zitholakala ikakhulu endaweni yama-biotopes asemanzini, imvamisa umuntu akaboni nakancane iqiniso lokuthi manje usendaweni ethathwa yinoma imuphi wabamele baleli bhasi elingaphansi.
Kaningi, abantu bayalunywa yizilwane ezihuquzelayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngaphansi kwerebi, lapho bangaphazamisa noma ngokungena inyoka inyoka yamanzi becashe ilindele isidlo sakusihlwa. Ngaphandle kokucasuka okukhulu komuntu, ukuhlukunyezwa kuye kungakhonjiswa kuphela ngabantu abakhulu be-anacondas, abahumusha okwedlule njengezisulu ezingaba khona.
Imiphumela yokuluma
Ukuziluma uqobo, yize kubuhlungu kaningi, akubeki ebungozini, ngoba emathendeni wezinyoka zamanzi azikho ngokuphelele izingxenye ezinobuthi kubantu. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu abathambekele ekushintsheni kwe-allergen yohlobo olusheshayo, kungaba yingozi ngenxa yokuqhamuka kwe-angioedema, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Quincke edema. Ingozi enkulu iqukethe ukuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kwe-asphyxia, okuvela ngenxa yokuqothuka kwephepha lokuphefumula nge-membrane ye-mucous membrane ye-larynx ne-glottis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba iningi lalokhu kulimala kubangelwa abantu ngqo emanzini, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokukhula okukude kwenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuvuvukala, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho ne-gangrene kanye ne-sepsis.
Lokhu ngokuyinhloko kungenxa yamagciwane amaningi we-pathogenic kanye nezinye izinto ezincane ezisemanzini (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwimizimba yamanzi entsha). Imiphumela ejwayelekile yokuthola ukuluma ukuthuthukiswa kwe-edema yendawo yezicubu eziseduze nendawo eseduze yokuluma, ukopha okuncane kusuka esilondeni esibangelwa kanye nokwakheka kokuqhuma, kwesinye isikhathi okungaphenduka isilonda esincane.
Usizo lokuqala lokulunywa
Isenzo esibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sithathwe masinyane ngemuva kokuthola ukulunywa yinoma yiphi inyoka yamanzi ukungabulala gciwane isilonda, okuthi uma sikhona ngesikhathi futhi sanele, kufanele kuvikele ukukhula kwemiphumela engemihle ngendlela yokwakhiwa kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Endabeni yokuthuthukiswa kwe-angioedema, kunoma yikuphi, uzodinga usizo lochwepheshe ofanelekayo. Ngezansi sinikezela ngokuchazwa kwesinyathelo-ngesinyathelo kosizo lokuqala lokuluma lezi zilwanyane:
- Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukususa zonke izingubo nezicucu ezingxenyeni ezithintekile zomzimba (imvamisa kuzoba yimilenze).
- Ngemuva kwalokho-ke kuyadingeka ukusula igazi elivele endaweni yokulimala bese kunqunywa uhlobo lwesilonda. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze umthumele kudokotela ohlinzayo uma ohlukunyeziwe ethola isilonda esihlanzekile.
- Okulandelayo, udinga ukuthatha noma isiphi isixazululo se-antiseptic onayo bese uyisebenzisa ku-gauze noma ikotini swab, usihambise ngobumnene nangalo lonke uzungezo lokuluma ngokushesha nendawo ezungezile.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, thatha i-swab entsha nge-antiseptic noma isibulala magciwane esisetshenziswe kuyo bese uyicindezela ngobumnene kwisiza esilimele.
- Ekugcineni, faka i-bandage eqinile, engagqinsi eyokubamba uswidi ngegciwane, ivimbele ukungena kwegciwane futhi ivimbele ukopha okuthe xaxa.
Ubani oyingozi emanzini wezinyoka?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ezweni lanamuhla, isitha esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esisabalele salezi ezihuquzelayo umuntu ongumuntu wezenzo zakhe ezandisayo zibangela ukulimala okukhulu kuma-waterfowl. Kodwa-ke, abantu akuzona ukuphela kwezitha zalezi ezihubhisayo. Izitha zemvelo ezijwayelekile zezinyoka zamanzi yilezi:
- izinhlanzi ezidlayo nezinyoni,
- izinyoni ezithwele
- izilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo,
- izingwenya
- i-alligators.
Indlela yokuphila
Izinhlobo eziningi ziphila impilo yasemanzini. Ziphila zombili emabhulashini nasezindlini zamanzi ezintsha, kubandakanya ezincane, ngisho nezesikhashana. Ezinye izinhlobo ziningi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, emasimini erayisi agcwele amanzi nasezixhaphozini. Bopha imisele. Imvamisa baphuma emanzini bangene emhlabeni, lapho bezizwa beqiniseka ngokuphelele.
Ukulunywa kwalezi zinyoka kukhubazeka noma kubulale izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans nama-amphibians, okuyinto azondla kuzo, kepha akunangozi kubantu. Lezi zinyoka ziyakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane yazo ngisho nangaphansi kwamanzi.