Lapha sikhuluma ngezwe elihlala kwamanye amazwe, mayelana nezicabucabu zazo zonke izinhlobo zama-Afrika-neMexico. Futhi eceleni kwethu kuhlala isinambuzane esimangalisayo. Kufundwe kancane, kubhaliswe iNcwadi ebomvu. Umuhle, umhle, ubuqili, ukuluma futhi muhle kakhulu! Lokhu kuhlangana kuthiwa lesi sinambuzane; sinezinhlobo ezithile ezingaphansi.
Ofundwe kakhulu, mhlawumbe, u-Erezus the Black ( Eresus kollari ) i-Eresus moravicus engaziwa kakhulu. Isicabucabu esincane, esinemibala ekhanyayo. Kepha yimi lo owesilisa, owesimnyama umnyama yedwa, mkhulu futhi unolaka. nakowesilisa.
Indawo yokuhlala yayo iyonke eseCentral Asia, eSiberia, nase-Urals. Kepha lokhu unathi, futhi ngakho-ke naseSpain uqobo kuyahlala futhi akuhluphi. Uma ngokunembile, i-Wikipedia ibiza isifunda sePalaearctic.
Ngokwendlela aphila ngayo, ungumbhuli - uhlala emjondolo. Yonke imbobo ifakwe ulayini wesicabucabu kasilika, futhi ingxenye yayo isebenza njenge-visor evela ngaphandle. Amandla aqala kuye, futhi aqine kakhulu, ngokubamba ukudla kwasemini. I-Erezus idla konke okuzovela ngaphansi kwama-paws ayo futhi ikwazi ukuphatha: imicilozi, izibankwa, izibungu, izintwala zokhuni nokunye.
Into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi izicabucabu zesilisa zithola izingubo zazo ezinhle ekuqaleni kwekwindla, kungalesi sikhathi lapho izintokazi zizivaleleke kahle ezindlini zazo zokulala zilala phansi kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Kuyadingeka nokuthi abesilisa abathandekayo balale ubusika bonke. Kepha entwasahlobo, ngemisebe yokuqala yelanga, zigijimela kwezinsikazi futhi zihamba phambi kwemibhobho yazo ekuhambeni okungajwayelekile. Njengamasosha amasha emhlabathini we-parade. Izinsikazi ziholwa ama-hussars anesibindi futhi zinikezela emseni wentwasahlobo nothando kanye noketshezi olukhethekile oluvezwa ngabesilisa. Kusuka izicabucabu zakhe ziwele esimeni esimangele ngokuphelele. Ososayensi bayibiza ngokuthi i-catalepsy.
Futhi ezinsukwini zikaMeyi sebevele beletha emhlabeni cishe ama-pupae angama-80, ahlanganiswe ngesilika futhi ezwa i-cobweb. Izicucu zezimbungulu nazo ziboshwe kukhukhunathi ukuze ubukeke ungasebenzi. Ntambama, izinsikazi zithwala izingane ngaphandle elangeni, ebusuku zifihla ngomunca. Futhi kuze kube maphakathi noJuni. Futhi-ke umama ubopha umnyango wokungena umgodi bese efa eduze kukakhokho wakhe. Izicabucabu zidonsa futhi zidle kukho. Ngendlela, owesilisa futhi ngemuva kokulala nentokazi yenhliziyo uhlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili emgodini wakhe bese efa.
Izicabucabu ezincane zihlala kusuka kunina kamama ngemuva kwe-molt yesithathu. Kepha abayi kude - ngamamitha ayi-7-10 nakho konke.
Ekuthunjweni, u-Erezus uphila iminyaka engama-2-2,5, futhi enenkululeko yowesifazane iminyaka eyi-1.5, abesilisa cishe izinyanga eziyi-9. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela ukuzila isikhathi eside kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ubukhulu bezicabucabu buyi-9-16mm. Izinsikazi zikhulu futhi azinawo umbala okhanyayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, babebhekwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukile isikhathi esithile. Isicabucabu sinobuthi. Ukuluma kuletha ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kulandelwe ukufikelwa yinhliziyo. Izimpawu ziphela ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingama-5-6 ngemuva kokulunywa. Ngakho-ke musa ukubamba la madoda amahle ngezandla zakho. Futhi ungakhohlwa - I-Erezus isondele ekuqothulweni futhi ibhalwe ku-Red Book. Ngakho-ke baphile.
I-Ladybug Spider (i-Eresus cinnaberinus)
Okokuqala, ake sinqume ngegama. Lo mbono kukhulunywa ngawo emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ngaphansi kwamagama amathathu: I-Eresus niger, I-Eresus cinnaberinus futhi Eresus kollari. Inketho yesibili ivame kakhulu, kepha yesimanje kakhulu ingeyesithathu. Yebo, futhi kuzwakala kukuhle, ngokungafani ne- “cinnaberinus” engaphendukiyo. Ngakho-ke, kwinguqulo yaseRussia, ngiphakamisa ukusebenzisa amagama "I-Eresida Collari" noma "U-Eresis umnyama."
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Owesilisa aze afike ku-11 mm ubude, ngowesifazane aze afike ku-20 mm. Insikazi imnyama ngokuphelele, ngaphambili kungenzeka kube nezinto eziphuzi. Owesilisa unomzimba omnyama, kanti isisu yisici esivelisayo esikhulu - obomvu noma o-orenji onamachashaza amnyama amane noma ayisithupha.
Habitat
Ukulungiselela izindawo ezomile ezinelanga, njenge, ngokwesibonelo, izixathu zesifunda saseVoronezh. Kusakazwa kabanzi eCentral and Southern Europe.
Nalu uchungechunge lwezithombe ezithathwe umfundi wethu waseKazakhstan (Leila, ngiyabonga kakhulu!)Ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha isithombe ngocingo, kepha isicabucabu esikuzo siyabonakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kudutshulwe lezi zinhlaka, umuntu kwakudingeka ukuthi alwele i-arachnophobia yakhe.
I-Eresida imnyama, iduna, isilinganiselo ngu-approx. 1.5 cm (Kazakhstan, Bakanas)
Kwatholakala isicabucabu se-ladybug ngesikhathi sokudoba futhi saqala ukwenziwa iphutha ngethambo lezinhlanzi zepulasitiki elishiywe ngumuntu, akumangazi, liqhakaze kakhulu ngathi libonakala lingokoqobo.
Indlela Yokuphila Nokuzala
Le ntokazi yakha isidleke esingaphansi komhlaba ngendlela ye-spider web, enobubanzi obungu-10 cm nobubanzi obuyi-1 cm. Engxenyeni engenhla, ishubhu limbozwe ngesembozo esixhunywe enetheni lokudoba kusuka kuwebhu ekhethekile ene-ultra-thin messy. Njengoba usungene ogibeni olunjalo, isisulu siyabanjiswa, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iwebhusayithi ayinamatheli. Well, isicabucabu sivela ngokushesha kusuka ekujuleni komgodi waso omnyama ukwenza imali entsha.
Abesilisa baphila impilo yokuphambuka, kepha sebethole intokazi "bahlala" - bahlala emgodini naye futhi bahlala ngenjabulo kusukela lapho (kuze kube ukuwa), beqhuba umkhaya ohlanganyelwe (ukuzingela amanetha - kungani kungenjalo ipulazi?).
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, amaqanda avela, lapho abesifazane befaka kukhukhunathi we-cobweb, amnakekela ngokuthinta - ngezinsuku ezifudumele umenza bacwilisa elangeni, futhi amyise ekhaya kusihlwa.
Owesilisa ushona ngo-Okthoba. Izicabucabu zichitha ubusika emgodini zinina wesicabucabu, eziphothula umjikelezo wokuphila kwakhe entwasahlobo bese zidliwa yizilwane ezincane ezilambile.
Owesifazane ufinyelela ebusheni ngonyaka wesithathu.
Izinkomba: Nazi izithombe ezinhle kakhulu ze-eresid yowesifazane, kanye nekhukhunathi elinamaqanda. Ngifisa umlobi ngifafaze umlotha ekhanda lami.
Uyayithanda i-athikili? Unemibuzo? Ufuna ukukhuthaza umbhali?
Shiya amazwana ambalwa!