IDrathaar noma iJalimane Lezinwele Ezinezinwele ezisebenza ngeJalimane ngumngane omkhulu wabazingeli futhi uye wakufakazela ukubaluleka kwakhe lapho esebenza nobabili nomdlalo omncane.
Imininingwane emfushane
- Igama Lokuzala: Drathaar
- Izwe Lomsuka: EJalimane
- Isikhathi sokuzala: ukuphela kwekhulu le-19
- Isisindo: 23-32 kg
- Ukuphakama (ukuphakama kubuna): abesilisa 61-68 cm, abesifazane 57-64 cm
- Iskhathi sempilo: Iminyaka engu-12-16 ubudala
Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu
- IDrathaars inamakhono amahle kakhulu wokukhumbula. Ngokushesha bafunda imiyalo ethathwa ezinye izinja zokuzingela amasonto ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kochwepheshe, ukuzalanisa akubhekwa njengento engenzeka kalula.
- Amaphoyisa aseJalimane anezinwele anesihawu esiqotho kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni, kodwa linye kuphela lamalungu omndeni azokhonza ngokweqiniso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banomona omncane futhi babukeka becela noma yisiphi isidalwa esinezinyawo ezine esijabulela ukuthandwa "yiNkosi yakhe enkulu."
- Kuwo wonke ama-drathaar, umzingeli ongakhathali womdlalo ulala ngesineke, ngakho-ke akasoze aphuthelwa ikati noma esinye isilwane esincane ahlangane naso endleleni. Izilwane ezifuywayo, okufanele uhlanganyele kuzo insimu eyodwa, ulaka lwenja, njengomthetho, azisebenzi.
- Amaphoyisa anezinwele ezinentambo angabazingeli abanokuguquguquka futhi okulungele ukuhamba nabo bobabili emgodini onqenqemeni nasendle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathola ubuhle benkanyezi emnyama, noma ngabe iwele echibini.
- Abesilisa baseDrathaara bangamakhosi ajwayelekile anomqondo obukhali kanye nomlingiswa oqinile, ngakho-ke ungalindeli ukuthi ukhule kusuka esilwaneni esiduna umchithi wesofa ojabulayo.
- Lezi zizingeli ezingakhathali azinalo nolaka kubantu. Ngokuqinisekile abazithandi izihambi, kodwa abasoze bangena ezingxabanweni ezivulekile nabo.
- IDrathaaram ibonakala ngokwanda kokuhamba komngcele we-hyperacaction. Uma ungahleleli ukuyishayela inja ekuzingeleni, lungela ukuchitha amahora ambalwa ngosuku nayo emgwaqweni, uhambise ukuhamba kwakho nesethi yokuvivinya umzimba.
- Okubi kakhulu ukuthi kungenziwa nge-gundog enezinwele zaseJalimane ukuzixazulula efulethini ledolobha, ukubaphoqa ukuthi bachithe izinsuku belindele ukubuya komnikazi sekwephuzile.
Drathaara - "Amandla we-mustachioed", abaphatha ngobuhlakani nezinhlobo ezihluke kakhulu zomdlalo futhi bavuma ngokungapheli inkosi yabo. Banomqondo obukhali kanye nomlingiswa ongafanga yindlala, abasoze bakhombisa ulaka kumuntu, noma ngabe bavuka yiphi imizwa emibi. Kodwa-ke, kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela, ama-drathaaras awalungile kangako. Banikeze isizathu esincane kakhulu sokungabaza izimfanelo zakho zobuholi, futhi laba bantu abahlukaniswe ngentshebe bazoqala ngokushesha ukuxhaphaza ukuthembeka kwakho ngezinhloso zabo.
Umlando wohlobo lweDrathaar
IDrathaara "ingumkhiqizo" ngokuphelele futhi ophelele womsebenzi wabafuyi baseJalimane, obuye uqanjwe ngegama lomhlobo: “draht” (waseJalimane) - “wire”, “haar” - “hair”. Maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX, abakhiqizi baseJalimane elihlangene ngaleso sikhathi baqala ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha zamaphoyisa ezazizofaka izimfanelo ezinhle zokusebenza kwabandulelayo. "Isampula" yesikhathi esizayo bekufanele ibe nokukhuthazela, imvelo enhle kakhulu kanye nekhono lokusebenza kahle ngokulinganayo nge-swamp ne-game game.
Ngokuqhubeka kokuzalela, ochwepheshe ekugcineni bakwazile ukuthola isizukulwane sezinja ezizingelayo ezinokwethembisa ezingaba zinhle futhi ezinamafutha aqinile. Kulesi simo esithile, okokuzalwa kwakungu-shtikhelhaara, amaCortals griffons, aziwa kakhulu ngabazingeli baseYurophu, kanye namantombazane ahlakaniphile ahlakaniphile - izikhombisi zezimbongi. Ngokusho kwabafuyi bezindawo, kwakuwukuhlangana kabusha kwabamele abamele lezi zinhlobo ezingenhla okwenza iDrathaar ibe ngumzingeli ofanelekayo, okwaziyo ukusebenza ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezingezinhle.
Ngokuqondene nokuqashelwa ngumphakathi, kwafika Izinja Zenkomba Yezinwele Zomdwebo Zase-Germany ezazivele zinama-70s wekhulu leminyaka ngaphambi kokugcina. Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu kamuva, ngo-1902, kwasungulwa iklabhu yokuqala yabathandi beDrathaar eJalimane, futhi emva kweminyaka engama-22 i-International Cynological Federation yangena ekubhaliseni kwayo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX, ukuzalanisa ukwazile ukuthandwa emazweni amaningi aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, kubandakanya neNgilandi. Kepha ku-New World, ama-drathaaras awatholanga masinyane ama-niche abo, ngoba abazingeli baseMelika, abajwayela izinja ezikhethekile, isikhathi eside baba ngabokufika "baseJalimane" abanentshebe ngokungabethembi.
Ukubonakala kweDrathaar
Ukuvela kwamaphoyisa anezinwele ezisebenza ngocingo kungokwangempela futhi akukhumbulekanga. Ukuqina kwenja, cishe ukugqoka kwempi kufakwa yi-okuthiwa yi-muzzle okuthiwa yindawo enhle kakhulu, okunikeza isilwane ukubukeka okunamandla nokukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, i-Drathaar endala ine-drooping "amadevu" futhi "nentshebe" engajwayelekile, ethi, ihlanganiswe nokubukeka okufunayo, "ikhule" kancane.
Izinja Zenkomba Yezinwele Ezinezinwele zaseJalimane ziyizinja eziphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke isisindo sommeleli ojwayelekile wohlobo lokuzala akufanele sidlule kulokho okuvunyelwe yikhwalithi eyi-23-32 kg. By the way, ngenxa yomthethosisekelo othile "owomile", ama-drathaars cishe awawona omningi, yize enokudla okuningi nokuntuleka komzimba, angakwazi "ukudla" amakhilogremu ambalwa.
Ikhanda
Ugebhezi olubanzi, olunobuncane obukhulu ezingxenyeni ezingemuva ezinamaqhawekazi amakhulu brow kanye nape flat. Izibuko ezinomswakama okhanyayo, oqinile, wobude obanele nobubanzi. Ukumisa (ukuguquka kusuka kobungaphambili kuya esihlokweni) kuchazwe kahle.
I-lobe enamakhala amakhulu ibunjiwe ngophimbo lomjamo wengubo yedrathaar.
Unamahloni, uqinile, unamathele ezinsini. Umbala wezindebe uhambelana nombala wejazi oyinhloko.
Amehlo
Hhayi mkhulu kakhulu, hhayi-i-convex, itshalwe ngokujulile. Izinkophe zimboza kahle iso leso. Umbala we-iris onsundu onsundu. Kwimidlwane, isithunzi segolide se-iris sithathwa njengento eyamukelekayo, eba mnyama ngeminyaka.
Emincane. Izisekelo zezindlebe zisethwe kabanzi futhi zitholakala ngaphezu komugqa wamehlo (ukuphakama okuphezulu).
Intamo yedrathaar inobude obulinganiselwe, obunemisipha, obunama-scruff aphakeme kanye nomugqa womphimbo ochazwe ngokucacile.
Izimbotshana
Imilenze yangaphambili iyisicaba, izindololamahlombe ezinamahlombe nangezindololondo ezicindezelwe emzimbeni. Izihlakala ziqinile, izihlakala ziyancipha. Izandla zomzimba wesibeletho ziyafana. Izinhlungu zaseDrathaar zikhulu, zinomsipha omuhle. Imilenze yande, amalunga omile, aqinile. Yonke imilenze yomine imi ngokuhambisana, igcina isikhundla sayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwesilwane. Ama-paw pads alukhuni, anombala ogcwele kahle.
Wool
Ijazi lelo liqukethe izinwele ezinama-“wire” nezinsimbi ezingenasici ezinamanzi amaningi, ezihlinzeka isilwane esivikelekile ekuthembekeni kwesimo sezulu esibi nasekulimaleni ngengozi. Ubude obukhulu bejazi leDrathaar bungama-cm angama-2,5. Ezindlebeni, ekhanda nasiswini, izinwele zimfushane kunakwamanye umzimba wonke.
Ebusweni benja, izinhlobo zezinwele ziveza “amashiya” kanye “nentshebe” ekhanyayo.
Izinkinga nokukhubazeka okungafanele
Ukushiyeka kokubonakala okuvimbela ukuthi abantu bathhole amaphuzu aphezulu kufaka phakathi ifomula yezinyo engapheleli, isicubu esifushane nesikhombe ngokweqile, nejazi elingajwayelekile elinezingubo eziphansi. I-Drathaaram enezinwele ezihlanzekile, i-humpback noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-concave back kanye nezinyawo ezisontekile, isilinganiso "esihle" asikhanyi noma.
Kunezidingo eziningi ze-gait yenja. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, amapholisa aseJalimane anezinwele kufanele angahambisi i-amble noma i-mince.
Uma sikhuluma ngokungafaneleki, izilwane ezinokungalungi okunjengokuthi:
- indawocclusion (ukugquma / ukulunywa ngaphezulu),
- skew komunye wemihlathi
- ukungavumelani
- i-entropy / i-ectropy,
- ukuqhuma noma ukuqina komsila,
- umbala onamaphutha.
Ukuphambuka kokuziphatha kubuye kufakwe ohlwini lwezinto ezimbi; ngakho-ke, lapho zitholakala, udaba lomsebenzi wokubukisa isilwane luzovalwa unomphela. Imvamisa, amadrathaars awafanelekela ubugwala (ukwesaba ukudutshulwa, umdlalo) kanye nokwanda kolaka.
Isimo se-Drathaar
Amaphoyisa anezinwele zaseJalimane anezinwele ezingama-80% abazingeli kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo ezingama-20% kuphela. Njengabasebenza ngokweqiniso, la “madoda angenantshebe” angenakushesha alungele ukusika izinkampani izinsuku zomnikazi ogudla ihlathi nasezigungwini zamaxhaphozi ukuze kubanjwe indondo. Futhi lokhu akumangazi. Ukuzalela kubuswa ngokuyinhloko izifiso zokuzingela, okumele zinikezwe indlela yokuphuma. Incishwe ithuba lokuhamba ngemuva komdlalo oyifunayo, noma okungenani igundane lensimu, isilwane sisheshe siphenduke isithunzi ngokwaso. Ngakho-ke, uma ungakuthandi ikakhulukazi ukuzingela nokuya ezindaweni zasendle, ukuthola i-Drathaar akunangqondo.
Ngokuphathelene nabantu ongabazi, abamele lokhu kuzalaniswa kokuhlangenwe nakho nokusolwa okuncane, ngakho-ke kulula "ukuwanika amandla" amakopu anezinwele ezihamba ngocingo njengabalindi. By the way, abangane babo futhi kuvela okuhle impela. IDrathaara ayizikhubekisi izingane, idlala ngokuzithandela eminye imidlalo esebenzayo nayo. Uma kungekho ithuba lokukhipha isilwane isikhathi esiningi sokuhamba, shiya ihora nengane, okuyinto "ezolayisha" inja ngemizimba ehlukahlukene yokuzivocavoca.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziphambili zohlobo lokuzala, abanikazi bezamadrama ngokuvamile baphawula ingqondo esebenzayo, inkuthalo kanye nesibopho sabamele bayo. Amaphoyisa anezinwele ezinocingo anomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wemizwa yomnikazi futhi uyakwazi lokho akufunayo kuwo. Ukuphela kwento edala ukungaqondani phakathi kwenja nomnikazi wayo ukuthambekela kwangaphakathi kwesilwane ukubusa. Benomlingiswa onobungane, laba bazingeli abanentshebe abathandeki ukuzicindezela umuntu, bazenze umenzi wezinkanuko zabo.
Ukuba ngumzali nokuqeqeshwa
Ukukhulisa ama-drathaars akunzima ukwedlula noma yikuphi okunye ukuzingela okuzingelwayo. Njengamaphoyisa amaningi, la “maJalimani” anemvelo enhle adinga umeluleki onzulu ongeke asebenzise kabi isitayela segunya lokusebenzelana nawo, kodwa angavumi ukukhohliswa. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuvela komdlwane oshisayo endlini, baqala ukukhulisa isibindi. Ingane akufanele yesabe imisindo yokuqhuma kanye nokuvela kwezilwane zasendle, noma ngabe zingaba umxhwele kangakanani. Kungcono ukujwayela inja iphunga le-gunpowder nezikhali zempi endaweni ethile ekude nempucuko. Ekuqaleni, isibhamu siqoshwa ebangeni elingamamitha angama-200 kusuka esilwaneni. Uma kungekho zimpawu zokwethuka kanye nenjabulo ku-drathaar, igebe liyancipha kancane kancane.
Labo abazokhulisa i-aportivator yenyoni eprofeshini kuzofanela benze isifundo ngokubhukuda naye emanzini avulekile. Imveku kufanele iqeqeshelwe ukugeza kahle, njengoba abaningi babo besaba amanzi. Akunakusho ukuthi ungaphonsa i-drathaar emfuleni ukuze ukhule ube nesibindi nokungabi nandaba kuwo. Vele, ngeke akhanye, kepha uzophelelwa ukukuthemba nokukuhlonipha kuze kube phakade.
"Akunakwenzeka!" nokuthi "Kimi!" - Amaqembu, okushiwo ukuthi omele lo zohlobo lwamapulangwe anezinwele kufanele bafundwe kusenesikhathi. Kungemva kokuba umdlwane efunde ukusabela ngokushesha nangokufanele kuzwi elifanele lomnikazi, ungaqhubeka uzijwayeze ukuhlupheka. Kungcono ukuqeqesha inja ukuba iphathe izinto kusukela eminyakeni emihlanu izelwe. Ngokwesiko, ukuqeqeshwa kwedrathaar kuqala ngokuthi inyoni efakwe emfuleni ilethwa ekhaleni lakhe. Isilwane kufanele sibambe "inyamazane" ehlongozwayo bese siyibeka phansi ngokushesha nje lapho isilalela i-Aport! Command evela kumniniyo.
Amaphoyisa aseJalimane anezinwele azithandi ngempela i-monotony kukho konke, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa. Vumela isilwane sizibonakalise kuyo yonke inkazimulo yaso, “siyilayishe” ngemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokwenza ubuhlakani nokufuna izinto, singakhohlwa ukushintshana ngezifundo ngokugijima nokudlala.
Hunt noDrathaar
Isifiso sokuzingela sivela kuma-drathaaras ezingeni lofuzo, ngakho-ke bayakwazi ukubamba izilwane noma bengathathi isifundo esifanele. Isibonelo, izinja ezihlala emizini yabantu zivame ukuletha abanini bazo “ngezipho” ngesimo samagundane noma amagundane asendle. “Isengezo” esingeziwe samathalente wokuzingela amaDrathaars ingubo yawo eminyene, engenamanzi, evikela izilwane emangeni nasemagatsheni abukhali. Emjahweni oledlula esihlahleni, lapho amanye amaphoyizi ehlwula khona imishayo yawo, la “bantu abanezintshebe” ezinothando kuphela abopha ameva kanye nama-burdocks.
Ngokusho kwabazingeli basekhaya, kungcono ukudonsela i-drathaar kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenyamazane. Yize esezweni labazalanayo, eJalimane, onjiniyela abanezinwele abaqeqeshelwe ukusebenza kanyekanye nezinhlobo ezintathu noma ezine zomdlalo.
Ngokuqondene nenqubo yokuqeqeshwa, imiphumela emihle ingatholakala ngokulingisa okujwayelekile kokuzingela. Isibonelo: phambi kwenja ehleli eduze komnikazi, kuvulwa ibhokisi lapho kukhululwa inyoni noma omunye wezakhamuzi zasehlathini. Ngasikhathi sinye, isilwane kufanele sibe ngesasibindi, sime silinde umyalo womuntu, futhi singagijimeli ijubane eliphelele lezilwane ezibalekayo.
Imininingwane yokuzingela nge-drathaar ye-waterfowl incike ngenkathi. Uma umkhankaso wamadada uwa ngesikhathi esibandayo, inja ephambi kwakhe kufanele idliswe. Ngokubanjwa inkunzi okuwe emanzini acwathile ekwindla, iphoyisa lithunyelwa okokugcina, ngaphambi kokubuyela ekhaya. Uma inja iphume ngempumelelo futhi iletha umdlalo, imnika inala yokugijima ukuze ifudumale. Ehlobo, lapho amanzi esevele efudumele, awukwazi ukulandela le mithetho. Kepha nakanjani akufanele ukuvumela inja ibhukudele ngemuva kwenyoni elimele ngokusebenzisa amaxhaphozi namachibi imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15. Isilwane esilimele ngeke sigcine kude, ngenkathi ukubhukuda okunjalo kuqeda isilwane.
Ngaphezu kokuzingela i-waterfowl, nge-drathaar ungahamba ngempumelelo ukuthola ama-hares nama-pheasants. Ngenxa yomqondo wokuzwa nokuzwa okumangalisayo, abameleli balolu hlobo lokuzalela abakwazi ukuhogela hhayi nje kuphela ngokuhamba, kodwa okuyi-oblique elele enganyakazi. Ngokushesha lapho kutholwa into enamehlo amade, inja iphonsa izwi, elisebenza njengohlobo lomhlahlandlela womzingeli. Amaphoyisa anezinwele ezisebenza ngocingo futhi abheka ama-pheasants ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Ngemuva kokuzwa inyoni, inja iyikhipha ehlathini ibhekise kumniniyo ukuze inhloso enhle.
Ngokwe-theoretically, ungaya futhi ukuthola ama-boar asendle nge-drathaaras, kepha, njengoba isipiliyoni sibonisa, ama-etchers kusuka kubo awawona ahamba phambili. Ukuntuleka kokuqina okwanele nokulula kokunyakaza, amapholisa anezinwele ezivame ukuba ngamatshe ezilwaneni ezilimele ezithukuthele. Uma ufuna ngempela ukuvivinya isilwane sakho kumdlalo omkhulu, usiqeqeshe ukuze ubambe inyamazane yaso ngezwi lakho ngaphandle kokusihlasela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuzingela kokuqala kwedrathaar yakho kuzoba kokugcina.
Amapholisa aseJalimane anezinwele - izinja ziyasebenza futhi zinamandla, ngakho-ke, ukuzigcina efulethini ledolobha kuyinto engathandeki kubo. Ikhaya lephupho lesilwane esifuywayo kuzoba ikotishi noma ikotishi elinesakhiwo, ingadi noma ihlathi ekuhambeni. Ama-Drathaars anezinwele eziminyene, futhi zibekezelela kalula ama-froz amancane, ngakho-ke abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalela lingalungiswa egcekeni, inqobo nje uma unikeza isilwane sakho ngensimbi efudumele enodonga olubili. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngamaconsi abukhali emazingeni okushisa (-20 ° C) inja kufanele iyiswe endlini.
Abantu baphoqelelwa ukuthi bahlale ezindlini badinga ukuhamba okuhle ngokuhambisana nokuzikhandla okwanele komzimba. Imvamisa, amadrathaars ahamba kabili ngosuku, futhi ngamunye walolu "uhambo" kufanele luhlale okungenani amahora angama-2-3. Ungafaka izinto zokuqeqesha ekuhambeni. Isibonelo, kuzoba wusizo ukuthi inja igijime amakhilomitha ambalwa.
Ukuhlanzeka
Umnikazi wedrathaar akudingeki "adanse" nsuku zonke ezungeze isilwane sakhe ngensimbi nangomthungi.Izinwele zalokhu kuzalaniswa azizona ezinde futhi empeleni azidideki, ngakho-ke kwanele ukuhamba ngazo nge-shayela kanye ngesonto ukususa izinwele ezifile. Kepha ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, inqubo enjalo kuzofanela yenziwe kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma isilwane sihlala eflethini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thenga ibhulashi elinamazinyo sensimbi, ngoba ezinye izinhlobo ezinezinja ezilukhuni ze- “wire” azikwazi ukubamba. Kuyasiza ukuhlanganisa i-drathaar ngisho nangemva kokugijima emahlathini nasezixhaphozini ukuze ukhulule uvolo ezinhlanyelweni zezitshalo emeveni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikela okungeziwe kwengubo yoboya yenja, ungathenga izembatho zokulala bese uzifaka esilwaneni sakho njalo lapho uphuma naye.
Kuzofanele unciphise "amadevu" kanye "nentshebe" yedrathaar. Ngesikhathi sokudla, inja ijwayele ukuyidonsa esitsheni, ngenxa yalokho, izinhlayiya zokudla zinamathela eboyeni, zinikeze isilwane ukubukeka okungathandeki. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokudla ngakunye, ubuso besilwane kufanele busulwe nge-rag, futhi ezimweni ezinganakwa ikakhulukazi, kufanele futhi bugezwe. Uma ungafuni ukuphenduka inyawo lomngani wakho onemilenze emine, shintsha ijazi lakhe ebusweni bakhe. I-charisma yedrathaara ngokuqinisekile izokuhlupheka kulokhu, kepha uzosinda ekuthini ube semsebenzini eduze kwenja nesihlakala.
Kungenzeka ukugeza Izinja Zenkomba Yezinwele Ezinezintambo zaseJalimane kuze kube kabili ngonyaka, kodwa empeleni lesi silwane sithatha amanzi okugeza kaningi, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuzingela i-waterfowl. Izindlebe namehlo enja kufanele ihlolwe njalo ukuthola ukuvuvukala. Uma i-earnel yendlebe ye-Drathaar ingcolile, isulwa ngendwangu emanzi noma ifende. Ngeke kube yinto ephezulu kakhulu ukuphakamisa nokuqondisa icici elilengele lesilwane ukuze umoya omncane ungene ngaphakathi kwegobolondo.
Abantu abavame ukuthathwa ngokuzingela badinga ukuhlolwa njalo kwama-paws abo. Ekushiseni kokuphishekela, izinja zivame ukugoqa amafindo abukhali, zishayela izingcezu zokhuni zingene endaweni ethambile yamaphampu. Uma imifantu itholakala kuma-paws, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuntuleka kwamafutha ekudleni kwesilwane sakho esifuywayo. Kulokhu, phatha ama pads nganoma yisiphi ukhilimu onempilo, okubandakanya i-oyela yemifino kwimenyu yenja.
Kanye ngenyanga, ama-drathaars aphathwa ngama-antiparasitic agents, okubaluleke kakhulu ezilwaneni ezigcinwa ezindizeni. Esikhathini esisuka kuMashi kuya ku-Okthoba, inqubo ingenziwa kaningi, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi imikhaza iyasebenza.
Ukuvakasha Okune-Wirehaired - Drathaar
Inja yokudweba noma yokudonsa yaseGerman (i-Wirehaired Pointer yaseJalimane, uhlobo lokudutshulwa kwezinja zezinja ezivela eJalimane. Lokhu kuyinja yokuzingela indawo yonke, ekwazi ukuzingela izinyoni nezinkukhu, ukuthola, ukwenza ukuma, ukuphazamisa noma ukuphuma ezinhlahleni nasemanzini.
Izikhuhla
- Kungaba ubuwula futhi ubuhlakani, ikakhulukazi uma ungahloniphi umnikazi.
- Usola abantu angabazi, kepha uwuthanda kakhulu umndeni wakhe.
- Uma esele yedwa isikhathi eside, kepha uhlushwa isizungu nesizungu.
- Kwangathi kungaba nolaka maqondana nezinye izinja, ikakhulukazi abesilisa.
- Phishekela futhi uhlasele izilwane ezincane, kubandakanya namakati.
- Isithukuthezi futhi singatholi umthwalo, singabhidliza ikhaya lakho ngokuphelele.
- Imidlwane isebenza kakhulu futhi iyagxuma kangangokuba ibonakala sengathi iyazi ukundiza.
Ukondla
Ngenkathi abaphathi bezinja ezifuywayo beqhubeka nokuxhasa ukondla ngokwemvelo kwamaphoyisa anezinwele ezinamawele, abalimi baseYurophu baziphatha ngempumelelo izilwane zabo ezifuywayo “ngokomiswa”. Uma ukhethe indlela yesibili njengebiza kakhulu abasebenzi, khumbula ukuthi ukudla kwe-Drathaar kufanele kube okungenawo okusanhlamvu futhi kuqukethe amaprotheni amaningi (kusuka ku-30%). Abanye abanikazi bazilolonga ngokudla okuxubile, lapho ekudleni okukodwa isilwane "somiswa", kanti kwesesibili - ukudla okungokwemvelo. Le ndlela ayithathwa njengefanele, kepha ivunyelwe abafuyi abaningi.
Isisekelo sokudla okungokwemvelo kwe-drathaar yinyama eluhlaza ebunjiwe kanye ne-offal. Ngasikhathi sinye, akudingekile ukondla i-kindloin yezinja: Amaphoyisa aphenya ngezinwele zaseJalimane azimisele ukwaneliswa ama-trimmings noma imfucumfucu yenyama. I-Buckwheat, ilayisi noma i-oatmeal, kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi, ingathambisa amaprotheni ezilwane ekudleni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukumba kwenja nakho kuyathandeka emifino yezinkathi ezithile zonyaka, uma kungewona amazambane, uphizi noma ubhontshisi. Kwesinye isikhathi idrathaara inganyathelwa ngeqanda lezinkukhu.
Umlando wokuzala
I-Deutsch Drathaar iyinzalo encane, ukwakheka kwayo okwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-XIX. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, imvelaphi yayo ayicaci kahle. Abafuyi bokuqala abashiyanga ubufakazi obubhaliwe noma balahlekile. Noma kunjalo, kuningi okwaziwayo ngomlando weDrathaar ukwedlula ngomfowabo uKurzhaar.
Emazweni ahlukile akhuluma isiJalimane, izinja ezahlukahlukene zokuzingela zazifunwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazingeli bafuna inja yendawo yonke, ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, kodwa ayikhanyi koyodwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinja bekufanele zikwazi ukuzingela zombili izinyoni nomdlalo omkhulu. IJalimane lalesosikhathi lalingesilo izwe elilodwa, ngakho-ke kwakungekho mzalo owodwa nezinja zokuzingela ezahlukahlukene.
Kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo ngamadlozi alo mhlobo, kukholakala ukuthi waqhamuka esikhondweni saseSpain kanye nezinja zasendaweni. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVII, abafuyi bezingoma abangamaNgisi baqala ukugcina izincwadi zemibhalo yabo futhi benza izinhlobo ezifanayo zasendaweni.
Enye yezindlela zokuqala zokungeniswa emasimini kwaba yizinkomba zamaNgisi, ezivela kumgundog, owaphenduka inja yezilwane ezihle.
Abazingeli baseJalimane baqala ukungenisa izinkomba zamaNgisi bazisebenzisa ukuthuthukisa izinja zabo. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlobo zamaJalimane zaba nenhle ngokwengeziwe, zathuthukisa umuzwa wazo wokuhogela nokuzingela.
Kodwa-ke, nalezi izinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe azizange zibenelise ngokugcwele abanye abazingeli baseJalimane. Bafuna inja eguquguqukayo. Ngakho-ke, i-pointer yaseJalimane noma i-kurtshaar, yize ikwazi ukusebenza emanzini futhi kaningi, ayikakulungeli lokhu ngenxa yengubo emfushane.
Abazingeli babefuna ukwakha uhlobo oluvikelwe kangcono emanzini nasendaweni. Baqala ukuwela amaKurzhaars ngezinja ezazinezinwele.
Akukaziwa ukuthi le nqubo yaqala nini, kepha endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-1850 no-1860. Izimpikiswano zokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe kuleli cala azidaluli kuze kube namuhla.
Indima yeKurzhaar ayinakuphikwa, yize abanye bekholelwa ukuthi ayimkhulu kangako. Ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zama-griffon zazisetshenziswa iqiniso, kodwa yikuphi kuzo okunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile, mhlawumbe yi-Cortals griffon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqinisekile bawela ngama-stichelhaars kanye nezikhombisi ze-poodle.
Ngo-1870, idrathaar yakha njengohlobo lokuzala. Izinja zaziphawuleka ngejazi lazo elinzima, zivikela emagatsheni, ezinambuzaneni nakwesimo sezulu esibi, nasekuyivumeleni ukuthi isebenze emanzini. Ukuzalela kwabo kwenziwa ngabazingeli abaluleke kakhulu, bekhetha imidlwane ngokuya ngamakhono abo okusebenza kanye nomlingiswa.
Imfashini yemibukiso yezinja, eyaqalwa eNgilandi, yafika eJalimane ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Lokhu kuhambisane nobumbano lwayo ezweni elilodwa, ngaphansi kobuholi bePrussia kanye nokunyuka kobuzwe. Abafuyi kulo lonke elaseJalimane baqala ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile futhi bathuthukise izinhlobo zabo zokufuya, kufaka nabanikazi beedrathaars.
Baqala ukwenza izincwadi ze-stud futhi ukuzalaniswa kwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ngonyaka we-1870.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinja zathandwa kakhulu ngabazingeli eYurophu kwathi ngo-1920 zafika e-United States. Ekuqaleni babingelelwa kamnandi, njengoba abazingeli babejwayele izinhlobo ezikhethekile futhi bebengathandi indawo yonke.
Kancane kancane, bathola izinzuzo zeDrathaar, futhi namuhla bangomunye wezinja zokuzingela ezithandwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva isibalo sabantu aqukethe lezi zinja njengomngane sikhuphukile.
Incazelo yokuzala
Inja yokudweba yezinwele enezinwele zaseJalimane iyabonakala ngokufana nenja enezinwele ezimfishane, kepha inkulu ngokwengeziwe futhi iyahlukahluka ekubunjweni kwejazi.
Le yinja ephakathi nendawo enkulu, eyeduna lapho ibuna ifinyelela ku-61-68 cm, insikazi 57-64 cm. Izinga lokuzala alichazi isisindo esifanelekile, kepha imvamisa izinja zinesisindo kusuka kuma-27 kuye kwangama-32 kg.
Ngasikhathi sinye kwezemidlalo, ngasikhathi sinye somzimba futhi zinomusa. Umsila ubanjwa ngokwesiko cishe ngo-40% wobude bawo bemvelo, kepha lokhu kuhamba kancane kancane futhi kuyenqatshelwa nakwamanye amazwe. Umsila wemvelo wobude obuphakathi.
Ikhanda nobuso kuvamile kumaphoyinti, ngoba inzuzo endaweni ethile ithinta izimfanelo zokusebenza. Ikhanda lilingana nomzimba, lincane. Igebhezi lidlulela ngokushelelayo ku-muzzle, ngaphandle kokumiswa.
I-muzzle yinde futhi ijulile, ikuvumela ukuba ulethe inyoni emnyama, futhi uyilandelele ngempumelelo ngephunga.
Ikhala likhulu, limnyama noma nsundu, kuya ngombala wenja. Izindlebe zilenga, ubude obuphakathi. Amehlo aphakathi nendawo, anama-almond. Umqondo ojwayelekile wohlobo: ubungani nobuhlakani.
Enye yezimpawu ezihlukanisayo zedrathaar ngoboya bayo. Imfishane kabili, ngaphansi kwesikhwanyana esifushane nesiwugqinsi nehembe eliphezulu eliqinile. Ihembe eliphezulu lingobude obuphakathi futhi liqinile. Ubude bejazi kufanele banele ukuvikela inja emahlathini nakwesimo sezulu esibi, kepha akufanele ifihle ukugeleza komzimba kuphazamise.
Esihlokweni, izindlebe, ikhanda limfishane, kodwa nokho liwugqinsi. Izinja zinentshebe namashiya, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside ikakhulukazi. Umbala wejazi usuka kumnyama uye onsundu (Eng. Isibindi), futhi unamabala asakazeke emzimbeni wonke.
Isifo sezeMpilo kanye neDrathaar
Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo kanye nokukhuthazela okungokwemvelo akuqinisekisi ukuthi amaphoyisa aseJalimane anezinwele ezifakwayo asuka ezingxenyeni ezisengozini kuya kwezifo ezithile. Imvamisa, abameleli balesi sizwe baveza ama-dysplasia wokuhlangana kwama-hip, isifo sikashukela ne-hypothyroidism. I-Aortic stenosis, i-melanoma kanye ne-cataracts nazo zibhekwa njengezifo ezivamile zohlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-drathaaras ahlala ehlushwa i-granulomas eqoshwe, i-eczema, nemidiya ye-otitis.
Ungayikhetha kanjani ingane
- Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukhethe isilwane esizayo, vakashela iklabhu noma isigaba sohlobo olufuya olawula imisebenzi yokuzalanisa amathala ukuthola imininingwane ephelele mayelana nokuzalanisa nezihloko zabazali bomntwana.
- Uma imveku oyithandayo ibizwa kancane ngokuthi “amadevu” nokuthi “intshebe”, kungcono ukuhlehlise ukuthengwa izinyanga eziningana. Mhlawumbe ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile izinwele ebusweni zikhula. Uma lokhu kungenzekanga, nikela ingane, ngoba isilwane esinjalo ngeke sidlule "kulawulo lobuso" kunoma yimuphi umbukiso.
- Labo abahlela ukuthola umzingeli onekhono kufanele babuze ukuthi ingabe umdlwane unolwazi olufanele nabazali babo. Inketho enhle kakhulu ingane kusuka ku-bitch kanye nenja enama-diploma okungenani amabili ku-swamp and field game.
- Bukela indlela impungushe yedrathaara iziphatha ngayo iphakethe. Nikeza ukukhetha kubantu abafuna ukwazi ukubusa abafowabo.
- Abanikazi abangenalwazi bangcono ekukhetheni amantombazane. Zithintana kakhulu futhi ziyasebenza. Abesilisa baseDrathaar banenkani ngokwengeziwe futhi bazimele, badinga umeluleki oqinile futhi ozethembayo.
Malini i-drathaar
Ungathenga i-drathaar puppy kuma-kennels aseRussia ngama-ruble angama-20,000 - 25,000. Uma abazali bengane benamadiploma asebenza (ukuzingela), izindleko zawo zanda ngokuzenzakalelayo: ngokwesilinganiso, amathegi entengo alabo bantu aqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-30,000. Izinketho zomnotho eziningi zinikeza izikhangiso zamahhala. Abathengisi abangama-Virtual, vele, abanikezi iziqinisekiso mayelana nobumsulwa bohlobo, kodwa ungathenga ama-drathaars kubo ngamanani ayenga kakhulu: kusuka kuma-ruble angama-4000 kuya kwangama-7000.
Inkomba Yomlando
Abahwebi baseJalimane, bezama ukudala umzingeli wendawo yonke, basebenzisa izinto zofuzo zohlobo olukhona:
- iphoyinti
- airedale,
- I-Griffon Cortals.
Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ngamaKurzhaars nama-Landhaars. Kusuka kwamanye amaphoyisa wale mfuyo ahlukaniswa ngamandla amakhulu, ukukhuthazela nokushisekela. Izinja ezinjalo zibalulekile ekuzingeleni.
Muva nje, amaphoyisa asezinwele zaseJalimane asetshenziswa futhi ezinsizeni zokusindisa nokutakula.
Umlando wemvelaphi yeDrathaar
Abazingeli baphupha ngokuba nenja yokuzingela eguquguqukayo enezimfanelo eziningi. Ukwenza i-drathaar, abafuyi basebenzisa izinhlobo ezinjengalezi:
Ekuqaleni, ukugxila okuyinhloko kwakukukhuthazela nokusebenza. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abafuyi basebenza ngaphandle kwangaphandle kokuzalela. Ukubonakala kwedrathaar yamanje kungumphumela weminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi omude, obuhlungu. Ukuzalela kudume ngamakhono ayo amahle wokuzingela, ingcindezi nokukhuthazela. Lapho ukuzingela umdlalo, endaweni evulekile enkundleni, uvala izinyawo, usuka kwesokudla uye kwesobunxele, ufuna umdlalo.
Kumele ibhangqwe nomzingeli. Ukulalela kuyisihluthulelo sokuzingela okuhle, uma kungenjalo kuqala ukuzingela uwedwa.
Esithombeni, uDrathaar ubhekela ikhamera.
Unomlingiswa onobuhlakani, amakhono asemhlabeni jikelele, ovimbela amanzi noboya bokuzihlanza, iDrathaar yasheshe yathola abalandeli hhayi eJalimane kuphela, amahemuhemu asakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngo-1902, abalandeli balolu hlobo basungula iDrathaar Society, eyayihlanganisa ndawonye ama-connoisseurs nama-amateurs e-gundog enezinwele. Inhloso yomphakathi bekuwukuhlanganisa abahlambi bezinja futhi bakhe i-gundog enezinwele ezisebenzayo yaseJalimane ekwazi ukubamba iqhaza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuzingela.
Isiqubulo somphakathi: "Kusukela kokuzuzwe ngempumelelo kwezinja zokuzingela kuya ekuzuzeni kwangaphandle - iDurch Leistung zum Typ." Ngo-1904, kwavela umphakathi omusha, i-Deutsch-Drathaar, waphakamisa ngempumelelo uhlobo olusha lokuzala ezingeni lomhlaba.
Ngo-1924, inja yokudlala yaseJalimane yaqashelwa yi-IFF (International Cynological Federation).
Iqiniso elikhangayo: ukubukeka kweDrathaar kwamukelwa ngonyaka ka-1902, kepha imodeli yokuqala yekompisi, eyaziwa kusukela ngo-1870, iyaziwa.
Umlando wemvelaphi yokuzalanisa
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo iDrathaar yiJalimane. Ngaphambi kokuzalelwa kwalokhu kuzalanisa, zonke izinja ezizingelayo ezweni zazikhethekile. Umsebenzi wamaCynologists kwakuwukuzalela uhlobo lokuzingela lwendawo yonke, ukuhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zezinye izinja zokuzingela zaseJalimane. Umsebenzi waqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Abamele lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo bakhethwa njengezakhi zofuzo:
- Inja yokudweba ye-Shorthaired
- Izikhombi
- ama-griffins
- shtihelhaara.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ama-drathaaras aqala ukukhonjiswa emibukisweni, yize kwakusaphikiswana ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezimfanelo zangaphandle nezisebenzayo lezi zinja okufanele zibe nazo nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezimbi eziyimbangela yazo. Abamele kuqala bohlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo babehlukahluka kakhulu ngekhwalithi yoboya, umbala, kanye nokuba khona kwamadevu nentshebe. Izinga lokuzalanisa iDrathaar laseGerman lakhula futhi lamukelwa ngonyaka we-1924, bese ama-Drathaars aqala ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwaseGermany.
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, bekungenakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa bohlobo, futhi kuze kube 1965, ukungezwa kwegazi lezinye izinja ezizingelayo zavunyelwa. Izinga lokugcina leDrathaar (incazelo yokuzalanisa) lamukelwa yiKennel Federation ngo-1965.
Namuhla, ukuzalela kuyathandwa ezweni lakubo nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika. Kodwa-ke, eRussia ayiningi. E-St.
Ingaphandle
Izinga lesizwe lokuchaza ngohlobo lokuzala iDrathaar lamukelwa ngonyaka we-1870. Ngokusho kwakhe, umzimba wenja unohlobo olukhulu, kepha oluhle lwezinhlobo zohlobo lwezemidlalo. Umuntu omdala kufanele abe:
- i-back back, isifuba esibanzi, esiswini esishubile,
- ikhanda elimise okwenziwe ngezindlebe elenzelwe kakhulu,
- Amehlo anemibala emnyama enezinwele ezinemibala. Ukuvezwa kwamehlo kuhlakaniphile, kuyaphila. Imidwebo ephakeme ishiwo, yahlanganiswa ngoboya. Lokhu kunikeza inja ukubukeka okugxile,
- ama-paws aqinile anamapheya aqinile. Amaphilisi wePaw amnyama
- umsila, uqhubeka nomugqa wangemuva, ulenga ngokuqondile phansi. Ungobude obuphakathi nobukhulu, buvinjiwe (ngokuya ngezidingo ezijwayelekile),
- umzimba umbozwe izinwele eziphakathi nendawo. Ebusweni, endaweni yamashiya, amadevu nentshebe, izinwele zinde, okuyisici esibonakalayo.Umugqa wezinwele ulukhuni ukuthinta, njengoba negama lenja selivele likhuluma ngaye (i-drahthaar lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiJalimane ngokuthi "i-wire hair")
- i-undercoat nayo iqinile, ayinamanzi. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza isilwane induduzo ngenkathi sizingela emanzini, eqhweni,
- umbala ungaba yi-pinto, nsundu, hlanganisa zombili imibala. Ngamazwana ansundu, ibala esifubeni ngesimo se- “tie” liyamukeleka. Ezinye izikhala eDrakatha azemukelekile ngamazinga. Isithombe sizosiza ukuthola umbono wokubukeka
- Inja yeDrathaar, ngokuya ngobulili, inesisindo esiphakathi kwama-27-32 kg, ukuphakama okujwayelekile kungama-58-65 cm.
Isifiso sempilo yezinja zaseJalimane ezinezinwele ezinezinwele ziyiminyaka eyi-12-16. Le nto incike kakhulu ekunakekelweni, ezimweni zokuboshwa.
Umlingiswa wohlobo lweDrathaar
Umlingiswa weDrathaar uyasebenza, uhlakaniphile, uthokozile, uthembekile futhi uyalalela. Ukhetha umnikazi oyedwa, kepha uthanda ukulalela amalungu omndeni. Ihlala ihamba, isebenza kahle kakhulu.
Kuboleka kahle ukuqeqeshwa futhi kukhumbula wonke amaqembu afundile. Imiyalo enjengokuthi: “Hlala”, “Amanga”, “Yima”, “Izwi”, “Awukwazi” ungakhunjulwa izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ebuntwaneni, futhi uyikhumbule impilo yami yonke. Benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ngomsebenzi wokuqapha nowokulinda, bavikela insimu yomnikazi ngokwethembeka.
Okokuqala, uhlobo lokuzingela, olufanele umnikazi womzingeli, luzoba ngumngane othembekile nothembekile kuye. Umuzwa obukhali nowokuhogela okuhle uvumela i-drathaar ukuthola kalula inyamazane futhi ilethe kumniniyo, noma iveze indawo yesilo esilimele.
Uyazithanda izingane futhi uthanda ukudlala imidlalo ehlukahlukene yangaphandle nazo, agijime ibhayisekili, agibele isihlibhi. Ukuzalela akunalo ulaka kubantu. Ihlangana kahle nezilwane ezifuywayo, izivikele njengomhlambi wayo, yize ikwazi ukukhombisa umhawu maqondana nomniniyo. Abafuyi abane-gundog ezindlini zezwe bayazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi i-drathaar, azikho amagundane, noma amanye amagundane amancane nezinambuzane.
Isithombe seDrathaar ngokuziqeqesha
Uma ufuna ukuthenga i-Drathaar, kufanele wazi ukuthi lokhu kuzalaniswa kune-ukuzingela kwegazi, futhi noma ungalwa kanjani nayo, vele uzihlukumeze wena nesilwane sakho. Uma uhola indlela yokuphila engasebenzi, ungayi ekuzingeleni futhi kuyaqabukela uphume ngaphandle, uthole inja yesofa engcono, izokukulinda ngokwethembeka usuku lonke, ukuze ihlale ezinyaweni zakho kusihlwa.
Esithombeni, idrathaar ithwala umdlalo iye kumnikazi
Indlu yezwe enomgceke obanzi yindawo enhle yokugcina i-drathaar, futhi uma kukhona ihlathi kanyeichibi eliseduze, kuzoba okujabulisa kakhulu emhlabeni. Inja yokudweba yezinwele yaseGerman enezinwele ihlala ihamba, ifuna okuthile, kukumba nokugijima. Empilweni yakhe, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusiza kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho uqala ukukhubazeka futhi adlale ama-prank.
Lapho ugcina udrwala efulethini ledolobha, umnikazi kufanele abheke izidingo zesilwane futhi abhekane nazo. Udinga ukuhamba izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku, amahora amabili kuya kwayi-3. Ukuhamba kuhlale kusebenza ngezinto zokuziqeqesha. IDrathaar kumele iqhube okungenani amakhilomitha ama-2. Unamathele kakhulu kumniniyo, akathandi ukuhlala yedwa ekhaya kukhiywe.
Ngenxa ye-undercoat eminyene, iJalimane Lezinkomba LaseJalimane aligodoli ngisho nangama-30 degrees ngaphansi kwe-zero. Ingazingela kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, ngisho nasezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka kakhulu. Uboya obuqinile bunjengegobolondo kubo, ivikela umzimba emahlangeni abukhali, ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni lapho zingashona khona lapho zifuna umdlalo.
Umhlobo uyakwazi ukuhamba buthule ehlathini, uyakwazi ukuqoqa umdlalo ngokuthinta kanye nemikhonto. Ngokufanelekile inyamazane inyoni nesilo esikhulu. Ukwazi ukulandela umkhondo wegazi futhi uthole izilwane ezilimele. Ngemfundo efanelekile, idrathaar iba umsizi ongabaluleki kumzingeli, umlindi omuhle kakhulu nomngane othembekile womndeni.
Ukuziqeqesha
Abamele lesi sizwe sinezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ilukuluku
- ingqondo engajwayelekile
- intshisekelo kanye nesifiso sokufunda.
- ukuzimela nokuzimela
- inkani.
Lezi zimfanelo eziphikisayo ngasikhathi sinye ziyinkimbinkimbi inqubo yokufunda futhi ziyenze ibe mnandi.
Abakubekezeleli ukuphathwa ngesihluku, okunolaka, ukudumisa okudumisayo, isikhuthazo. Ukuthola imiphumela emihle, umniniyo kufanele aphikelele futhi abekezele. Umnikazi wenja angagcwalisa ukuswela ulwazi lokuqeqeshwa ngokubuka amavidiyo amaningi avela ezitimeleni zenja.
Inketho enhle kungaba ukuthembela ukuqeqeshwa kwenja kubaphathi bezinja. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona komnikazi ekuqeqeshweni kuyadingeka ukwakha ukuxhumana okuqinile kwengqondo.
Ukusebenzelana kwezidlwane kumele kuqala kusukela zisencane. Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwamakhono okuziphatha ngokuvamile ithatha izinyanga ezingama-4-5, iqede ngokuphelele unyaka owodwa.
Ukuqeqeshwa akufanele kube yinde. Kungcono ukubakhela uhlobo lomdlalo. Umqeqeshi kufanele asize isilwane ukuthuthukisa ukuthembela okuyisisekelo emhlabeni, ukungamesabi, umkhuba wokulalela.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kufanele kuthathe isikhathi esiningi, ngoba ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-puppy kuzothinta kabi ukukhula kwayo kanye nokuguqulwa kube umuntu omdala ozivumelanayo.
Uma umngani onemilenze emine azosetshenziselwa ukuzingela, khona-ke uqeqesho olukhethekile ngohlobo lokuqeqeshwa luyadingeka. Amakilasi anjalo aqhutshwa ngezimo ezisondele kakhulu kwezangempela (enkundleni, ehlathini, eduze kwamanzi). Kwisigaba sokuqala sokuqeqeshwa:
- ukuqeqesha iphunga. Okokuqala, izivivinyo zenziwa ekhaya, zifihla umuthi kumzingeli wesikhathi esizayo. Ngemuva kwalokho badlulisela amakilasi emgwaqweni. Njengoba ikhono lakha, iphunga liyancipha
- enza isimilo endaweni esebenza. Umdlwane ufundiswa emaqenjini akhethekile wokuzingela, ukubhukuda emanzini, ukufundiswa ukulalela imisindo yamahlathi, ukungesabi ukuqhuma kanye nokudlanga,
- bakhulisa ukubekezelela ngokumsula ekuxosheni izilwane ezincane, izinyoni nezinambuzane.
Umphumela wokuqeqeshwa yikhono lokusesha umdlalo, uwunikeze kumnikazi, ungaphenduli imisindo ebukhali ebukhali, ukunika umzimba izikhundla ezithile. AbakwaDrathaars abaqeqeshelwe ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile bangasetshenziswa ukuqoqa noma ukuhlasela isilo sasendle.
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunakekela isilwane akudingi ulwazi namakhono akhethekile. Nalu uhlu lwezinqubo zokuhlanzeka ezidingekayo:
- Ijazi lezinja ligqitshwa kalula emathangini okunzima ukulwa nalo. Ngakho-ke, isilwane kumele sinwetshwe kabili ngesonto. Ngezikhathi zokuncibilikisa kaningi.
- Akuvamile ukuba bahlanze inja, cishe izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka noma njengoba zingcola. Ukwelashwa kwamanzi okuvame ukwenza ijazi lithambe. Ukuze ugeze, sebenzisa ama-shampoos wezilwane enzelwe ukuzalanisa ama-coarse. Ukwakheka kwe-shampoo kufanele kube kwendalo ngangokunokwenzeka, hhayi ukubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuvikela ukwakheka kwe-tartar, ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okusha, inja idinga ukuxubha amazinyo ayo njalo ngeviki. Ungenza inqubo ngokwakho noma usebenzise izinsizakalo kudokotela wezilwane.
- Amehlo ngezikhathi ezithile adinga ukusulwa ngomhluzi obuthakathaka we-chamomile.
- Izindunduma zigaya ngokwazo ngenkathi zihamba. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kufanele basikwe kanye ngenyanga.
- Izindlebe nezindlebe zewashi kuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kudingeka kakhulu ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngemuva kokuzingela, ukuze ungaphuthelwa ukulimala noma izilonda ngekhaza.
IHelminthiasis ivinjelwa kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu. Ukwelashwa koboya ngama-insecticides kwenziwa njalo ngenyanga, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Umsoco
Ukufutheka okungaguquki kwamadrakatha kudinga ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwamandla, okufanele umnikazi akumboze ngokudla okufanele nokulinganiselayo. Okondla, ungakhetha:
- ukondla okwomile,
- ukudla okungokwemvelo okuvela etafuleni labaphathi
- uhlobo oluxubile, olufaka phakathi kokufaka zombili.
Ukuphakelwa okwenziwe ngomumo sekuvele kunefomula ephelele yezakhamzimba, amavithamini kanye namaminerali. Lokhu kulungele abafuyi abangenalo ulwazi olwanele nesikhathi. Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okomile kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwamathumbu, kunikeza ukugcwala nokudla okunempilo.
Thola i-premium okuphakelayo okungcono ne-super-premium, ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwemithombo yamandla etholakala kalula. Kufanele zenzelwe izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinomzimba wokugijima. E-assortment of feeds feed, ungathola nokudla okuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile (ukuthambekela kokungezwani komzimba, ukugaya okubucayi, njll.).
Ukuhlela ukudla kwemvelo kungakhohlisa. Ekudleni komngane wezinyawo ezine kufanele ubekhona:
- inyama ebilisiwe noma eluhlaza enezinhlobo ezinamafutha amancane noma inyama ekhipha inyama (inyama yenkomo, i-veal, unogwaja, inkukhu). Inyama enamafutha ayinconywa. Inyama kufanele yenze cishe isigamu sokudla kwansuku zonke,
- ama-carbohydrate ngesimo se-porridge ebilisiwe kahle kusuka ku-buckwheat, ilayisi noma i-oatmeal. Kufanele ikhishwe ngaphandle kwe-semolina, ibhali le-pearl, amabele,
- imifino (iklabishi, beet, izaqathe, ithanga) zengezwe ekudleni okuluhlaza noma okubilisiwe. Lokhu kuzokwanelisa isidingo somzimba samavithamini,
- imikhiqizo yobisi omuncu (ushizi we-cottage shizi, i-yogurt, i-kefir) kudingeka kakhulu imidlwane yokushiswa kwamathambo namazinyo anempilo. Njengoba ukhula, inani lokudla okunjalo liyancipha,
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamafutha aphansi namaqanda kufanele zibe khona masonto onke ekudleni komuntu omdala. Izinhlanzi zidinga ukubiliswa futhi ziphangwe amathambo.
Lapho usuthisa ukudla okwemvelo, usawoti, izinongo namathambo e-tubular kumele kuncishiswe.
Imvamisa yokondliwa nosayizi wokusizakala kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokugcinwa nobudala besilwane. Inja ehlala emgwaqweni idinga ukudla okwengeziwe. Amawundla anikezwa izingxenye ezincane izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku, anciphisa isibalo sokondliwa kwawo njengoba ekhula. Ezinyangeni eziyi-11 ukuya kwele-12, isidlo esiphindwe kabili sanele imidlwane.
Izifo
Lezi zilwane zihlukaniswa yempilo enhle, ikakhulukazi ngokunakekelwa nokudla ngendlela efanele. Kodwa-ke, esebenzayo futhi ihamba ngendalo ngokwemvelo, basengozini yokulimala, ukulimazeka, imisipha yemisipha. Izinkinga ezinjalo zempilo ziholela ekwelashweni okubizayo futhi kululame isikhathi eside.
Elinye iqembu lezifo libangelwa amaphutha kokudla okungenamsoco. Lokhu kungafaka:
Ukuguqukela kwamathumbu kuwuphawu lwazo zonke izinhlobo ezinkulu. Isiginali yokuqala iyaqhakaza. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezilwane okufanele. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela singakhula ngenxa yokungondleki noma isimo sofuzo. Kulokhu, umnikazi kufanele axwayiswe ukoma, ukukhulisa isifiso sokudla ngokuhambisana nokulahlekelwa isisindo. Kungaba yinkimbinkimbi ngezifo ze-vascular, kunciphile ukubonwa kwe-acuity, kuze kube ubumpumputhe.
Izinja ezikhomba kwesinye isikhathi zihlushwa izifo zesikhumba. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- melanoma
- i-granuloma ekhanyayo,
- i-dermatitis ehlukanisayo
- eczema
Phakathi kwezinye izifo ezivame ukuthinta iDrathaar:
- I-dysplasia ye-hip noma ye-elbow ehlanganisiwe,
- i-hypothyroidism
- abezindaba ze-otitis
- i-aortic stenosis.
Zonke lezi zimo ezingenhla ngandlela thile zimbi kakhulu izinga lempilo yesilwane. Ezinye ziholela ekukhubazekeni noma ekufeni. Kungakho kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo zezilwane ezijwayelekile. Bazokusiza ukuthi uqaphele lesi sifo usesekuqaleni futhi wenze ukwelashwa kusebenza ngempumelelo.
Umsebenzi wokuzala
I-estrus yokuqala ku-bitch ingenzeka eneminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-12 izinyanga ubudala. Ukuthomba kwakhiwa cishe unyaka owodwa nengxenye. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukuqala kokubeletha kwenziwa kangcono kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa kuyaqhubeka ngaphandle kwama-pathologies. Ukuzalwa kwengane kuvame ukuzimela. Inani eliphakathi kwezingane elitha udoti ngu-10. Amaphoyisa amaJalimane angomama abahle. Kwesinye isikhathi, ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, ngokumelene nesizinda sokungalingani kwe-hormonal, ukwephulwa kokuziphatha kwenzeka. Ama-Bitches awemukeli imidlwane, aveza ulaka ngakubo. Imvamisa, ukwephulwa okunjalo kuhamba yedwa, ngaphandle kokungenelela kwangaphandle.
Ukutholwa kwe-Puppy
Ezimweni eziningi, imidlwane itholwa ukuzingela. Lokhu kungenziwa kumfuyi ozimele noma enkulisa yokuzalanisa. Intengo yengalo eqhamuka enkulisa izokwenyuka. Ungathenga nomuntu omdala, oqeqeshelwe ukuzingela, ikhophi. Noma ngabe kunjani, kungcono ukuthatha izincomo zabanye abathengi babazingeli.
Izilwane ezinje azisakazeki ezweni lethu. Azikho izithombo zokuzala eziningi nabafuyi futhi umthengi ongaba khona ugijimisa ubungozi bokungena mestizo ene-fake pedigree.
Ukugwema lokhu, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela isihloko:
- sesha imininingwane kwi-Intanethi,
- funda ukubuyekezwa
- bona izithombe zemidlwane nezinja ezindala zohlobo lweDrathaar,
- funda imibandela yokuboshwa.
Ukuthenga umntwana eklabhini ye-pedigree kuzoqinisekisa isizinda sokuzingela kwezingane.
Lapho unquma ukuthenga, kufanele unake lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Ubulili Ukuzalanisa, ungathola umbhangqwana onga gay noma nje imbadlana. Ekuzingeleni, kungcono ukhethe owesilisa, ukuze ungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokuzingela ngenxa ye-estrus noma ukukhulelwa.
- Ubudala bunganconyelwa kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-3.5. Kusukela kule nkathi, umuntu angahlulela ukungabi khona kokungapheleli okukhulu nomshado kumuntu oyedwa.
- Ukubukeka kumele kuhambisane nezinga lesizwe. Ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe kukhwalithi yengubo, umbala wayo, ukwakheka komzimba.
- Ukuziphatha komdlwane kufanele kukhulume ngempilo yakhe, impilo yakhe, ukuhamba. Izitha zangaphandle (umsindo, abantu ongabazi) akufanele zimesabise.
- Ukuba khona kwepasipoti yezilwane kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukugoma kanye nesimo sempilo.
Kungcono ukuthi uhlangane nabazali, utadishe iziqu, isimo sezempilo, imiklomelo, impumelelo.
Isidlaliso
Isigaba esilandelayo ngemuva kokuthengwa ukuthola igama lomngane onezinyawo ezine. Imfucumfucu ngayinye kule nkulisa inencwadi yayo, okufanele iqale ngegama lesidlaliso. Abamele iPurebred ngokuvamile banamagama amabili. Eyokuqala iwumbhalo obhalwe emibhalweni. Kungakhumbuza ubudlelwane namadlozi anesihloko. Enye ingekhaya, ilula. Igama lesibili kungaba lisuselwa kolokuqala, noma lihlukile kulo, ngokungqubuzana. Ingakhuluma ngemvelaphi enhle yaseJalimane, ukuziphatha, noma ukufutheka okushisayo komfundi. Indlela engcono yokubiza isilwane ukuthi umbuke nokuziphatha kwakhe izinsuku eziningana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umlingiswa othile ovelele noma ojabulisayo uzosiza ekwenzeni ukukhetha.
Igama lesidlaliso akufanele likhumbuze inja yanoma iliphi iqembu, akufanele lihambisane namagama amalungu omndeni, abangane noma izivakashi ezivamile ekhaya. Kufanele ifundwe yiwo wonke umuntu ohlala eduze nenja, abe nezindlela eziningi zokunciphisa, futhi angabi nesithukuthezi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi ngenxa yokusebenzisa kaninginingi.
Akuwona wonke umuntu ongaqala futhi akhulise inja enjalo. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwabantu abathanda ukuzingela nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo. Umuntu onemvelo ye-phlegmatic kufanele akhethe esinye isilwane.
Ukubukeka
Umbala onsundu ngezinwele ezimpunga, ezinabala noma ezingenabala, zimnyama ngezinwele ezimpunga, noma zingenabala, zimdaka ngebala elimhlophe esifubeni noma ngaphandle kwawo, ngmpunga (grey). Ubude besitho somzimba okuhlobene nokuphakama lapho kubuna kubhekisela ku-10: 9. Ukuphakama lapho kubuna kungama-61-68 cm owesilisa, kuthi u-57-64 cm abe ngowesifazane.
Ikhala lifakwe imibala kahle ngokuhambisana nombala wejazi. Izindlebe zobukhulu obuphakathi, zibekwe phezulu futhi zibanzi, azigoqi. Imvamisa abayeki. Umsila ulungele ukumiswa ngezinhloso zokuzingela (emazweni lapho umthetho wokuvinza uvinjelwe umthetho, umsila ungahlala ungasebenzi futhi kufanele ufinyelele amalunga we-hock, uwugcine uqondile noma umbhejazana omncane).
Ukusebenza
Ijazi elilukhuni lenja liyivikela ngokwanele ezimweni zezulu ezimbi, ngenxa yokuthi inja idume kakhulu phakathi kwabazingeli emhlabeni wonke. Inja ye-Universal: ingasetjenziswa kokubili ekuzingeleni kwezinyoni nasezilwaneni ezinkulu (izingulube zasendle). Umsebenzi wenja ukuthola inyamazane futhi wazise umnikazi ngakho, enze “ukuma”.Futhi, esimweni sesilo esikhulu, inja igxilisa ukunaka kwayo ngegxolo, inikeze umzingeli ithuba lokuthola isilo. Uma isilo esincane noma inyoni isetshenziswa njengezinyamazane, khona-ke inja isetshenziselwa ukuthola inyamazane yokudubula endaweni engafinyeleleki kubantu (isihlahla noma ichibi).
Umlingiswa weDrathaar uqinile, uyaphatha, uyalingana. Akanamahloni ngaphambi komdlalo noma lapho edutshulwa, hhayi igwala, kodwa hhayi ngolaka.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-drathaaras aphile iminyaka engu-14-16. Ubungqabavu bohlobo lokuzalwa kungukuzalwa okuphansi kobuntu.
Umlando ezinhlotsheni zemvelo
Izinja Zenkomba Yezinwele Ezinezintambo zaseJalimane zithathwa njengohlobo oluncane. Ukuvela kwayo kuqale emuva engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19.. Ngasikhathi sinye, akukho mininingwane ephelele ebingasiza ukubuyisela kahle umlando wokusungulwa kwamaDrakatha.
Ensimini yeJalimane yanamuhla ngalezo zinsuku, izinja ezizingelayo zazithandwa kakhulu. Abazingeli babedinga uhlobo lwendawo yonke, abamele ababengalandela umkhondo omkhulu wezinyoni nowenyoni. Uhlobo luni lwezilwane ezaba okhokho bamaDrathaars, kuncane okwaziwayo. Kuyamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi lezi yizinkomba zaseSpain nezinja zasendaweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yohlobo lokuzalela, izinkomba zamaNgisi bezihilelekile, okuvumela izinja ukuthi zibonakale zibukeke ngokwedlulele, futhi kube nobukhali kanye nokuhogela. Kodwa ngisho nentuthuko enjalo yabafuyi ayizange yanelise ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ama-kurtshaaras, noma izinkomba zaseJalimane, ngenxa yengubo yabo emfushane, azihlali zikwazi ukuzingela emanzini noma ezindaweni ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-19, amaKurzhaars ahlangana nezinja ezinezinwele ezinamacingo.
Lapho kuzalaniswa amadrathaars, amaCortals griffons, poodle pointers, kanye nama-stichelhaars nawo ahilelekile. Inqubo yokwakhiwa okusebenzayo kohlobo lokuzalwa kwenzeka ngonyaka we-1870s. Ukuzalaniswa kwabameleli bayo kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngabazingeli. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni imidlwane kwakuyizimfanelo zokusebenza kwezilwane nomlingiswa.
Izici ezihlukanisayo
Ama-drathaars aseJalimane aphakathi ngosayizi. Ijazi labo, elinezinwele ezimfushane ezinjenge-wire yangaphandle ne-undercoat emnyama, liyisivikelo esithembekile emanzini. Futhi ngenxa yemisipha eqinile nokwakha okuqinile komjaho, izinja zimpawu zokuhamba nokukhuthazela.
Amazinga abeka izidingo ezilandelayo kuhlobo:
- Ikhanda nesikhumba eliyindilinga, eliyindilinga ebunjiwe, imigqa ebekiwe yamakhosi aphezulu, izihlathi. Ibunzi libanzi, lidlula ngokushelela lingene esixekweni.
- Ntamo iqinile futhi yomile.
- Impumulo ubude nobubanzi, bunamaqhubu. Ikhala lakhiwa, emakhaleni kuvulekile kakhulu. Umbala onsundu onsundu.
- Amehlo usayizi ophakathi, hhayi ojulile futhi hhayi i-convex. Umbala we-iris umnyama. Amehlo ansundu, imidlwane ingahle ibe nombala omncane ophuzi. Ukubukeka kuhlakaniphile.
- Imihlathi inamandla futhi iqinile, isikhafu siyaluma. Izindebe ezinenyama, ezilingana ngokuqinile emazinyweni, ngaphandle kokuphuma, ziye zazwakalisa imibala yazo. Isibaya esingajulile sakhiwe emakhoneni.
- Izindlebe usayizi ophakathi nendawo, olengayo. Kuthunyelwe kabanzi futhi kuphakeme. Zinesimo esingunxantathu futhi zizungelezwe ngamathiphu, eduze nesihlathi.
- Umzimba eqinile, ene-sternum ekhule kahle, ejulile, isinqe esibanzi, iqinile, iwele kancane emuva emsileni emuva. Ingxenye yesisu ikhethiwe, idala umugqa omuhle.
- Izimbotshana yinde, inemisipha, iqinile. Hlela ngokufana komunye nomunye, ukhulume ngama-engeli ahlanganayo. Amawashi awindilili, iminwe icindezelwa kakhulu, amabhulukwe aqinile.
- Umsila Amancanyana futhi amade impela, angayeka. Ibamba ngokuqondile noma ikhuphuke kancane.
- Ijazi Kunzima, kufana nocingo, ngaphansi kwesikhwanyana. Ubude bawo buyi-2-5 cm. Izinwele ezinde kakhulu zakha amadevu, intshebe namashiya.
- Umbala Kunezinhlobo ezine: onsundu onendawo emhlophe esifubeni, ngmpunga, nsundu ngombala ompunga, omnyama ngmpunga. Ngasikhathi sinye, umlingisi wohlobo lwesiNgisi ubheka ukuba khona kombala omhlophe njengesiphambeko.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo lokuzala
Uhlobo lweDrathaar alunazo izinhlobo. Inja yokudweba yezinwele yaseGerman enezinwele nje igama lakhe lesibili. Amanye amaphoyisa amabili aseJalimane, afana ne-drathaar, futhi ayizinhlobo ezizimele. Lesi yi-kurtshaar, igama lesibili okuyi-gundog enezinwele ezibushelelezi, ne-langhaar, ebizwa nangokuthi i-gundog enezinwele ezinde. Zonke izinhlobo ezi-3 ziyizihlobo eziseduzane, kepha azithathwa njengezinhlobonhlobo.
Usayizi nesisindo
Inja enkulu yokuzingela iDrathaar. Ama-Bitches alula futhiancanyana kunabesilisa. Ukuphakama emaphethelweni enja kusuka ku-60 cm kuye kuma-68 cm, insikazi isuka ku-57 cm iye kuma-64 cm. Isisindo sisuka ku-27 kg iye kuma-32 kg. Ezimweni ezingandile, liphakeme, kwesinye isikhathi lize lifike kuma-40 kg.
Uma kwenzeka ukuphambuka okubalulekile ngosayizi kusuka kumazinga amisiwe, inja iyanqatshwa futhi ayivunyelwe ukuzalaniswa okulandelayo kwe-pedigree.
Faka umbala nohlobo lwejazi
Uboya endaweni yokudonsela phansi, eduze komzimba, ingena ngaphansi kwamanzi. Uma kwenzeka kuvela ukuthi ithambile kancane noma uma kungekho undercoat - lokhu kuyisizathu sokungafaneleki, ngoba lapho iziphambeko zibaluleke kakhulu kubamele abazalanayo. Kufanele ube nentshebe elukhuni.
Umbala uvame ukuba nsundu noma umnyama. Kwenzeka zombili i-monophonic ne-mottled, ngombala omnyama, ukuba khona kwezinwele ezimpunga kuvunyelwe. Abantu abanombala okhanyayo nebomvu bayaliwa.
Izici zobuntu nokuziphatha
I-Drathaara - izinja zabazingeli nabantu abahola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo nenamandla. Kepha lapho uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga imidlwane, udinga ukuzijwayeza izici zokuziphatha kwakhe nomlingiswa wakhe.
Izinja Zenkomba Yezinwele Ezinezintambo zaseJalimane zibonisa isimo sokuthokomala nezimo. Bakhetha okuwukuphela komnikazi emndenini futhi banamathele kukho, kepha ngasikhathi sinye balalela wonke umuntu ngenxa yokuthambekela kwabo kokuyalana.
UDrathaara - Abaqondisi Abakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuvikela amakhosi abo ngokungenabugovu. Kepha inhloso yemvelo yalezi zilwane ukuzingela. Izinja zinomqondo ojulile wokuhogela nokuzwa, okuwavumela ukuba akwazi ukulandelela kalula inyamazane, aze ayikhiphe emanzini.
Izinzuzo
Izici ezinhle zokudlanga udaka:
- ubuhlakani obuphakeme
- ubudlelwane nenjabulo,
- amandla okuhlangana nawo wonke amalungu omndeni,
- ukuthembeka kumnikazi oyedwa,
- ukungabi nolaka
- ukuthembeka ezinganeni,
- amandla okuhambisana nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Isimilo nobuhlakani
Inja yokudweba yezinwele yaseGerman enezinwele inezici zayo zomlingiswa okufanele uzijwayeze zona lapho ukhetha lo hlobo. Uhlukaniswa ngokuzinikela kwakhe nokuzinamathela ngokuqinile kumnikazi, okuguquko kuye kumethusa kakhulu.
Inja iyawathanda wonke amalungu omndeni, kepha ihlala ikhala umuntu oyedwa njengoyena ophambili, abheke yena futhi amthobele kuqala. IDrathaaras ayinakuma nesizungu nhlobo futhi idinga ukuxhumana okuningana nomuntu, noma ngabe ayigcinwanga iyodwa.
Futhi, uma inja ingakwazi ukwanelisa umuzwa wayo wokuzingela, kancane kancane iqala ukuba nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kuthinta kabi impilo yakhe nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, njengesilwane esifuywayo, hhayi umzingeli, akufanele uthole i-gundog yalokhu kuzalanisa, ngoba, ngisho nayo yonke imithetho yokugcinwa kwayo, kuzoba ukungajabuli kusuka ekungakwazi ukwanelisa izidingo zayo zemvelo.
IDrathaaru ibonakala ngokukhalipha okuphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimfanelo ezinhle ziholela ekutheni isilwane sithambekele ekwenzeni izinqumo ezithile ngokwaso, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu inqubo yokuqeqeshwa nokuhamba edolobheni.
Lesi sici se-Germany Yezinwele Ezinezinwele Esinezintambo sibaluleke ngokuqondile ekuzingeleni. Inja, isebenza, ibahlanganyele ngokugcwele ekuzingeleni, lapho senqubekweni yayo isiza umuntu ngamandla, ingalindele imiyalo engapheli yesenzo esithile.
Abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalela bathuthukise imvelo yendawo, kanye nesimo sengqondo sokungabaza nokuxwaya kwabangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, izinja zingabaqaphi nabavikeli abahle. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa izinja ezingabambi iqhaza ekuzingeleni ziba nolaka ngokweqile kubantu abangazazi nezilwane.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Izimo zokuphila ezinhle kakhulu izinja ezisebenzayo ezifana neDrathaara ziyizindlu zezwe ezizimele ezinendawo ebanzi yokuhlangana. Izilwane zidinga ukuzivocavoca njalo futhi okukhulu. Ngokuhlala unomphela efulethini ukuze uhlangabezane nesidingo esiphakeme somthwalo akulula.
Izinja azibekezeleli isithwathwa esinzima, ebusika kufanele zinikezwe izindlu ezifudumele. Kwezinye izikhathi zonyaka wekhalenda, bazizwa bekhululekile impela emgwaqweni.
Lapho ugcinwe kubo endlini, ungabahlomisa ngendiza ehamba ngethango nangomgodi wokufaka okufakwayo. Lapho ngihamba efrijini elingaphansi kwama-degrees angama-25, izilwane zingagqoka ama-overalls. Ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme, i-drathaar ifudumeza ingaphansi eminyene.
Njengoba izinwele zezilwane zingazihlanza, zigeze kabili ngonyaka ngokwanele. Kepha ukunakekela amehlo nezindlebe zezilwane kufanele kube nsuku zonke. Kufanele ihlole amehlo nasebusweni kokungcola, kuzesule nge-swab ecijwe kumhluzi we-chamomile. Izindlebe Kungcono ukufaka umoya wamamidraki izikhathi eziningana ngesonto, okungukuthi, ngokuguqula ingxenye ethambile ngaphandle, ukuvula umsele wokuqopha. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza idiphozi yesibabule. Uma ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ezindlebeni zenja, kuvela iphunga, kungakuhle ukufuna usizo kudokotela wezilwane. Amazinyo kumele ihlanzwe kanye ngesonto.
Isimo sengqondo ngezingane nabanye
Ezinganeni, ama-drathaaras ngokuvamile aba ngabalingani emidlalweni esebenzayo, elungele ukuchitha usuku lonke ekunyakazweni nasekuzijabuliseni. Inja ayikhombisi ulaka ebhekise ezinganeni, kepha akufanele ishiywe yodwa nezingane ezingakakuqondi okwenzayo. Bangadala ngengozi inja umuzwa ongathandeki, futhi ngokwezigaba ngeke akubekezelele lokhu.
Uma inja yenziwa ngendlela enesizotha nangesikhathi, khona-ke iyabekezelela ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nezilwane ezahlukahlukene ezitaladini futhi ihlangabezana nokuzola kulabo abadlulayo ngenkathi ihamba edolobheni. Ukusebenzelana komphakathi akuzithinti izimfanelo zokuzingela i-gundog.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo
Izinzuzo | Qeda |
---|---|
Ubuhlakani obuphakeme | Isidingo sokunakwa njalo |
Okunamathiselwe enkosini | Isidingo sokuzivocavoca okukhulu ngokomzimba. Efulethini ngaphandle kohambo olude nsuku zonke awukwazi ukugcina inja |
Inhlanganisela yezici zokuzingela nokuphepha | Kubazingeli kuphela |
Amathuba okugcina endlini nokuhamba ngendiza nge-booth | Ukubuswa okuqhubekayo komndeni |
Impilo enhle | I-molt enamandla kakhulu |
Ukuzalela kulula ukukugcina nokunakekela. Lapho indawo ebiyelwe igcinwa, inja incibilikisa amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka, ezimweni zefulethi unyaka wonke.
Izinwele kufanele zifakwe ubhulashi nge-bristle eqinile - phakathi kwama-molts kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2, naphakathi kokuncibilikisa nsuku zonke. Ukugeza kuyadingeka ngokungcoliswa okunamandla kwejazi. Imvamisa, izilwane ezifuywayo zigezwa kanye kuphela njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Amehlo nezindlebe kuhlolwe izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto futhi kusulwe.
Emehlo, kuthathwa iswidi eligxunyekwe emhluzi obuthakathaka we-chamomile, bese kuthi izindlebe zithathwe, iswidi eligcotshwe ku-chlorhexidine. Ngemuva kokuhamba ngakunye, udinga ukuhlola ama-paws ngomonakalo. Kanye ngesonto, kunconywa ukugcoba uwoyela wemifino osezingeni eliphakeme esikhunjeni sabo.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo zesikhumba nezikelemu kwenziwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3.
Ukunakekela inja ngale ndlela kuyadingeka kusuka ngosuku lokuqala lokubonakala kwayo endlini.
Izinja zabantu abadala zinikezwa ukudla izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Ukondla imidlwane kufana nalokho okudingekayo kwezinye izinhlobo. Amanzi ahlanzekile kulowo ophuzayo kufanele abekhona ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kufanele ishintshwe amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku. Konke okuphakelayo kumele kube okwekhwalithi ephezulu, okusha futhi kungabi nokungcola okulimazayo.
Ukugoma
Udokotela wezilwane unquma ukugonywa kwenja ngayinye ngokwesikimu ngasinye. Kepha ngokuvamile, uhlelo lokugoma lubukeka kanjena:
- Emavikini ayisithupha - umjovo wokuqala wokugoma. Kufanele kwandulelwe ngu-deworming (ngoba Amaviki ama-2) Futhi ngemuva kokugoma, lesi silwane sihlukaniswe yedwa, okungukuthi, ukuxhumana nezinye izinja futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, ukuhamba emgwaqweni akunakwa.
- Ngenyanga - umuthi wokugomela wesibili, ngemuva kwalokho ukuhlukaniswa kuphindwa kabili Amaviki ama-2.
- Izinyanga ezi-6 - Ukugoma kanye nokuhlukaniswa.
- Izinyanga eziyi-12 - ukugoma kokugcina emva kwalokho kunikezwe ukugoma kanye ngonyaka.
Ukwakheka kanye namazinga wokudla okunempilo
Ngokuya kokukhethwa ngumnikazi, inja ingagcinwa kokuphakelayo okungokwemvelo noma ekudleni okulungile okulinganiselwe. Esikhathini esiningi, bakhetha ukondliwa kwemvelo, okwenza ukudla kubhekwe izidingo zenja. Indlela yokondla isilwane esithile inqunywa ngumnikazi kuphela.
Ukondleka kwemvelo
Ukudla okungokwemvelo okungama-50% kufanele kube nemikhiqizo yenyama engenamafutha. Kungaba inyama ebondayo kanye ne-offal. Ungayiniki inja inyama ngohlobo lwenyama eluhlaza. Kunconywa ngamanani amakhulu ukunikeza izinso zenja njengengxenye eyinhloko yokuphakelayo. Inyama enamafutha (ingulube newundlu) ayifakwa ngokuphelele, futhi amasoseji anqatshelwe.
Isilwane sithola ama-carbohydrate ngamabele: i-buckwheat, i-oatmeal noma ilayisi. I-Millet nelebhali le-pearl aligaywa kahle futhi lifakwe. Wonke amabele kufanele abiliswe kakhulu futhi emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Imifino ekudleni ihlinzeka ngamavithamini anele futhi inikezwa eluhlaza. Lezi izaqathi, ithanga ne-zucchini. Kufanele futhi unikeze izithelo - ithini lamapheya kanye nama-apula.
Kubalulekile ukunothisa umsoco nge-calcium, futhi ikakhulukazi ebuhlungwini, ukuze kwakheke amathambo afanele. Ukudla okufana ne-kefir, ikhekhe ushizi kanye nobisi olubilisiwe olubhakiwe kufanele kufakwe ekudleni. Imidlwane ithathelwa indawo ngokudla okukodwa. Ezilwaneni ezindala, imikhiqizo yobisi imane ingezelelo ekudleni, kodwa okuphoqelekile.
Kanye ngesonto, inja inikezwa inhlanzi engenamathambo ebilisiwe namaqanda abilisiwe. Uma n
uma umNtaliyane ekudla kabi lokho kudla, lapho-ke udinga ukukuxubanisa
yidla ekudleni okuyisisekelo okujwayelekile.
Ubukhulu bengxenye yokudla bunqunywa ngokulandelana kwenja ngayinye, ngokuya ngemibandela yokugcinwa kwayo, iminyaka nokuthi ingakanani amandla ayo.
Amavithamini kanye Nezithako
Ukudla kufanele kunothiswe ngamavithamini nangamaminerali. Zifakwa ezinkomeni ukuvikela ukuntuleka kwevithamini nokuphazamiseka kokukhula kwamathambo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwizingane. Kungakuhle ukubonisana nomfuyi noma udokotela wezilwane obheka ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwakha inja ethile.
Ividiyo
IDrathaar iyinja yokuzingela eguquguqukayo okungafanele idalwe njengesilwane ngaphandle kwalapho ihloselwe inhloso yayo. Ukuzalela kunzima ukuqeqesha nokufundisa futhi akunconyelwe umfuyi wezinja we-novice. Isimilo sesilwane sisebenza kakhulu.
Ukuhamba
Kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-drathaars ukuhambisa okuningi futhi adlale imidlalo yobuhlakani. Ekuhambeni, izinja zihlala zimatasa ngokuthile. Bangakwazi ukumba ngomdlandla okuthile kusuka emhlabathini noma ukulandelela amakati, bangabamba futhi balethe ibhola ngentokozo, noma badlale ukucasha bafune.
Izilwane ezikhishwa imithambo yokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokushesha ziqala ukukhubazeka, ziba yingozi futhi zibulale. Bangaba nezinkinga zengqondo.
Lapho ugcina amaphoyisa anamakhanda aseJalimane anezinwele edolobheni, kuyadingeka ukuthi uwahambe kabili ngosuku ngamahhashi amade nezitimela. Isikhathi sokuhamba kufanele okungenani sibe yisigamu sehora. A uhambo olulodwa ngosuku kufanele luhlale amahora ama-3 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinwele
I-Drathaara molt kabili ngonyaka. Futhi ezifuywayo ezihlala ezimweni ezifuywayo, lapho kufudumele kakhulu futhi kumile khona, ukunyibilika kungabonakala unyaka wonke. Ngakho-ke, hlanganisa uboya ngebhulashi nge-bristle elukhuni njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3.
Kukholelwa ukuthi ama-drathaaras adinga ukusungulwa. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kufanele kukhokhwe kumadevu kanye nentshebe, kugcinwe kuhlanzekile njalo.
Knitting
Iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokuzalaniswa kokuqala kwezinja zezinkomba zezinwele zaseJalimane ezinezinwele kusukela eminyakeni emi-2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ufinyelela Iminyaka emi-5 ukubhula kungaba nobunzima bokuzala inzalo.
Kuphela yizilwane eziye zaphathwa kusuka ezinhlamvwini zesikhumba nama-helminth ezivunyelwe ukuba zishade. Ngaphambi kokuhamba kwezinja kuhamba. Ukujwayelana kuvame ukuhlelwa endaweni engathathi hlangothi, emva kwalokho izinja zidluliselwe endaweni lapho kuhlala khona inja. Ngaphesheya 1 - 2 izinsuku qhuba ukulawula ukugoqa.