Inhlanzi enesibonakude noma i-bug-eye eyfish yegolide ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zezinhlanzi ezihlobisa i-aquarium. Isici esivelele salezi zinhlanzi ngamehlo amakhulu amakhulu. Isibonakude senhlanzi sase-Aquarium sisabalele emhlabeni wonke. Kulesi sihloko uzothola imininingwane mayelana nokuqukethwe kusibonakude sezinhlanzi futhi ufunde izinto eziningi ezithokozisayo ngayo.
Incazelo nokubukeka
Isidumbu senhlanzi yasemanzini esibonakude inomumo oyindilinga noma ovoid kancane, yingakho iqhathaniswa neveyili. Imvamisa, ukuphela kwento ehlukanisayo phakathi kwezinhlobo yamehlo abo aqobayo. Isici esifanayo sisiza isibonakude ngokuhlukahluka okulula kogobolondo owaziwa kahle, omzimba wakhe unesimo eside.
Ngaphezu kwamehlo amakhulu, ikhanda elincane nezinsikazi ezinkulu kusiza ukuhlukanisa inhlanzi ezihlotsheni zayo. Ububanzi bomzimba wesibonakude buncane, kepha abantu abangaba ngama-20 cm bangatholakala futhi: lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma kugcinwa echibini elikhulu. Ezimweni ezifuywayo ezifuywayo, lezi zinhlanzi zikhula zize zibe ngu-5- cm cm. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zeteleskopu. Sekuphele amashumi eminyaka bakhethwa, abasebenza olwandle bakwazile ukuletha izinhlanzi ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, bobunjwa obuhlukahlukene bomzimba nezinsimbi. Kepha ngokwesiko isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwawo kukhona i-Goldfish kanye nesibonakude esimnyama, esizokhuluma ngemininingwane engezansi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwezazi zasemanzini isibonakude esimnyama. Le nhlanzi iboniswa umsila weveli ovelele, amehlo e-convex kanye nomthunzi omnyama ofanayo wesikhumba esingaphandle. Ubude bomzimba esibonakude esimnyama bufika ku-20 cm, kepha ukubukeka kwawo kuhlala ku-ovoid. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kubhekwe ezinhlanzini: abantu abanendawo efanelekile kanye nokulinganisa kwama-eyeballs kubhekwa njengabaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwabasolwandle. Isibonakude se-Goldfish asivamile emhlabeni jikelele, kepha ukuthandwa kwaso kuphakeme. Ngaphandle, lokhu kuhluka kufana ngokufana ne -fishfish ejwayelekile, noma kunjalo, kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo:
- Okokuqala, umzimba omfushane we-ovoid noma oyindilinga.
- Ukwakheka komzimba wenhlanzi kuhlanganiswa ngokuphelele ngamehlo oyisiyingi oyindilinga.
- Imali yabo ye-caudal yinde, iyathuthuka, ifana nesiketi.
- Umzimba ulukhuni, umbala wawo uhluka kusuka kwegolide-orange kuya ku-carrot shades egcwele.
- Enye yezimpawu zayo ezihlukile kakhulu zokuhlukanisa ukukhuthazela, ngakho-ke, inhlanzi enjalo ingagcinwa ngokuphepha ngisho nasechibini legceke.
Emhlabeni we-aquarium, izibonakude zithathwa njengezingenasisekelo kakhulu sokugcina izinhlanzi, yingakho abaningi bencoma iziqalo. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, abaningi babhekene nezinkinga ezinkulu, ngoba ngisho nombono onjalo udinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Okulandelayo, sizohlaziya ngokuningiliziwe yonke imiqondo yale nqubo futhi sisize wonke umuntu ukuba athole izinga elanele lolwazi olususelwa ekuvivinyweni nasemaphutheni ezinkulungwane zabathandi be-aquarium emhlabeni jikelele.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Into yokuqala ukuthi labo abanquma ukuthola isibonakude babhekane nayo ukukhetha okulungile kwe-aquarium. Usayizi waso kufanele ubalwe ukusuka endaweni encane edingekayo yomuntu oyedwa, okuyi-50 amalitha, kepha inani elifanelekile lizoba cishe amalitha ayi-100.
I-Aeration ye-aquarium kufanele ithuthukiswe, ikakhulukazi uma inabantu abangaphezu koyedwa, ngaphandle kwalokho izinhlanzi zingazizwa zishoda komoya-mpilo.
Izinkomba zezinga lamanzi kufanele futhi zifanele: ubunzima be-8-16 ° GH ne-pH 8.0-7.0 kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kwamanzi. Kulezi zinhlanzi ze-aquarium, yi-+ 22-25 ° C, kepha ukwehla kwayo kuya ku-18-19 ° C kwesibonakude akuyona inani elibucayi.
Lezi zinhlanzi zithanda ukukhanyiswa okuhle, ngakho-ke kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi i-aquarium ikhanyiswa kahle ngisho nangesikhathi sasemini. Ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba, izibonakude zithambekele ikakhulukazi ezifweni ezahlukahlukene ezithathelanayo, ngakho-ke ukuhlunga okuvela emfucumeni we-organic kufanele kufakwe okunamandla kakhulu.
Ekuhlobiseni, izinhlanzi azithobeki, noma kunjalo, phansi kufanele imbozwe ngesihlabathi noma ngamatshe amancane, ngoba isibonakude sithanda ukungcwaba ikhala laso ngaphansi komhlabathi. Eminye imininingwane engaphakathi ingakhethwa ngokubona kwakho (i-driftwood, amatshe, izingidi, njll).
Zithanda izibonakude nezimila, ngakho-ke phansi kufanele itshalwe ngokushesha ngezinhlobo eziningana ze-algae. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezibuthakathaka nezinempilo ezithambile zezilwane zasemanzini kufanele zigwenywe, kungenjalo izinhlanzi zimane nje ukuzilimaza. Inketho enhle kakhulu kungaba isitshalo seqanda, i-wallisneria, i-sagittarius noma i-elodea, ngoba kuphela okuyi-Hardy kakhulu kunazo zonke izimbali ezitshaliwe.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Ukunakekelwa kwalezi zinhlanzi kuyinto ejwayelekile:
- Okungenani kanye ngesonto kufanele iphinde ibuyise amanzi ngamanzi amasha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-1/5 yevolumu yamanzi isuswa ngokucophelela, bese kufakwa amanzi ahlanzekile.
- Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukulawula imingcele yobulukhuni, izinga lokushisa ne-pH. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amanzi ompompi kufanele ashiywe ukuze ame cishe amahora angama-24 ekushiseni kwegumbi, abese ehlola isimo sawo.
- Ukuhlanzeka kwenhlanzeko yendawo yokugcina kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo kwenziwa kanye ngesonto. Ngosizo lomsele okhethekile, indle yezinhlanzi iyasuswa, bese isipanji esithambile sisusa yonke imali odongeni lwe-aquarium, i-algae neminye imininingwane yangaphakathi.
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo
Ngeke uthole isibonakude endle, ngoba kungukuguqulwa okungaguquki okwenziwe. Idlozi lakhona - i-carp yasendle i-crucian, ehlala izidumbu zamanzi anamanzi agxekayo noma ahamba kancane. Bondla izitshalo, i-detritus, izinambuzane, gazinga.
Kukholakala ukuthi iTelechnope yakhethwa eChina, yabe ingeniswa ezweni le Rising Sun. Kamuva, abakwaDemenkins bathuthela eYurophu naseMelika. Amadashi asemanzini aseRussia nawo abambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni nasekuzalweni.
Ubukhulu nombala kuncike ohlotsheni lwezinhlanzi nezimo zalo. Bahlala iminyaka eyi-10- 10 futhi bafinyelela kubude be-10- 20 cm.
Isilinda, ibhola, isigaxa - lezi zibalo zejometri zisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izitho zombono weSibonakude. Izinhlanzi zingabukeka ngezindlela ezihlukile. Vumela lokhu kwenziwe ngamehlo amade, afinyelela ku-5 cm.
Umzimba weDemenkin umfushane, uqinile ngokubukeka. Umsila omfushane omangalisayo nobude, amaphiko okulengiswa ahlobisa inhlanzi.
Ubulili bomuntu bunqunywa ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Ikhanda lowesilisa lithola ukuvela kombala omhlophe, abamele abesifazane bayindilinga.
Ukondla
Lezi zidalwa azithobeki ekudleni. Bajabulela cishe zonke izinhlobo zokudla kwezinhlanzi, kodwa akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ingxenye enjalo kufanele ibe yincane. Iningi lezazi zasemanzini lincoma ukudla okuxubile kwesibonakude, ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo okufanele zibe nokudla kwezilwane nezitshalo.
Inhlanzi iyakwazi ukugwinya noma yiliphi inani lokudla, ngakho-ke umthamo wayo kufanele ukhawulelwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala akunakugwenywa. Inketho engcono kakhulu yokudla nsuku zonke, isisindo sakhona esingadluli kumaphesenti ama-3 esisindo somzimba wonke - lokhu kungukubusa kwegolide ngokulinganayo. Ukondla usuku lonke kwenzeka ngezigaba ezimbili: eyokuqala iqala ekuseni kakhulu, ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuphela kokulala komgcini, kwesibili - kusihlwa, ngaphambi kokulala. Inani elibaliwe lokuphakelwa lithululelwa emanzini, emva kwalokho izinhlanzi zivunyelwe ukugcwalisa imizuzu eyi-10-20.
Bese ususa ngokucophelela ukudla okusele emanzini. Isikhombisi esiyinhloko sokudla okufanelekile isiteleka esibuhlungu esibuhlungu sesibonakude. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sokondliwa okufanele, isilwane singaba ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokudla cishe isonto.
Ukuvumelana
Imvamisa, inhlanzi ye-teleskopu ayilona ulaka, ngakho-ke cishe noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezingadliwayo ziyilungele njengomakhelwane. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, ama-zebrafish, ameva, amakati ansundu, njll. Kepha, izinhlobo ezifanayo kuphela zezinhlanzi noma i-monoculture ezingaba omakhelwane abalungele isibonakude. Kulokhu kuphela lapho isilwane sizizwa sikhululekile futhi sizolile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila
Ama-teleskopu aphakathi kwezinhlanzi ezithanda ukuthula kakhulu, ngakho-ke ulaka luvela kubo ezimweni ezihlukile kuphela. Babonakala ngokuvuka ngesikhathi sasemini kanye nendlela yokuphila eqoqayo. Ngokwemvelo yazo i-phlegmatic, kaningi ngisho nasephaketheni abanye abantu bahlala eceleni. Usuku lonke, ama-teleskopu ajikeleza ngokugqamile echibini futhi ajabule ngombala wazo, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi ayabheda, ngoba izinhlanzi ziyizidalwa ezithandekayo emphakathini, ezikulungele ukuxhumana nabantu njalo.
Ukuzalela nokuzalela
Izibonakude zikulungele ukuzalaniswa eneminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi baqala le nqubo entwasahlobo ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusebenza kwabo kubuye kuguquke; baba matasa kakhulu futhi bavame ukuhlukana ngababili. Ukuze ukuzalanisa kuqhubeke kahle, izinsikazi nezinsikazi zezithelevishini zihlukaniswe ngama-aquarium ahlukene kanye namaviki ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba inqubo idliwe kahle. Ngosuku olwandulela ukwanda, ukuncelisa kumiswa kungazelelwe, emva kwalokho izinhlanzi kufanele zigcinwe ngaphandle kokudla kosuku.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, abantu abaqediwe batshalwe endaweni ekhethekile enamaphiko, enamanzi angama-50 amalitha, inetha lokuzivikela nezitshalo ezimbalwa eziphilayo ezifakwe kulo. Ezimweni eziningi, abesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane aba-2 bayatshalwa, ngoba kulokhu kuphela, kulindelwe umgquba ongu-100%. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, isikhathi sokufakwelwa sezinsuku ezingama-3-4 siqala, emva kwalokho ama-fry azalwa ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-5. Njengoba zikhula, abantu abakhulu batshalwa esitsheni esihlukile, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke ukugweme ukudla ababuthakathaka. Fry izidalwa eziphilayo ze-planktonic, imvamisa i-brine shrimp noma ama-rotifers.
Ezempilo Nezifo
Izibonakude azinampilo enhle, ngakho-ke ziyagula kaningi. Okulandelayo, sibheka izifo eziphambili zalezi zinhlanzi ze-aquarium nokuthi ungazelapha kanjani:
- Inkinga enkulu yalezi zilwane izifo ezithathelwanayo isikhunta, amagciwane noma amagciwane. Izimbangela eziphambili ze-pathology ukulimala, ukungondleki kanye nokungahambisani nemithetho yokuhlanzeka ejwayelekile. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe ekudleni, uthuthukise inhlanzeko ye-aquarium bese ukhipha amagciwane emanzini ngama-antibiotics athile.
- Izimo ezingafanele zokuvalelwa nazo zingadala izifo zamehlo (ameva nokugcwala kwamalensi), kanye nomonakalo wegciwane. Isibonakude singasabalalisa izibungu ze-anchor, eziboshwe, i-wax wax, i-ichthyophthirius, i-chylodon.
- Imvamisa, abaningi bahlangana ne-pathology lapho isibonakude sezinhlanzi sibhukuda sibheke phansi, kepha kungani futhi kungani kusenzeka kungaziwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuqunjelwa nokuvuvukala komzimba okubangelwa yindlala yomoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke, lapho ugcina isibonakude, akunakuphikwa ukuthi kufanele ugcine kwi-compressor ye-aquarium.
Incazelo yezinhlanzi zesibonakude
Ukuchazwa kwesibonakude sezinhlanzi kufanele kuqale ngokuqondile ngamehlo, okuyisici esivelele kakhulu sale nhlanzi. Inhlanzi enesibonakude ibukeka njenge-bug-eyed, ngenxa yamehlo aqwayimbayo, ngenxa yokuthi yabizwa ngegama. Ubukhulu, ukwakheka kanye nokuqondisa kwamehlo ezinhlobo zezibonakude kuhlukahlukene. Imvamisa kuba khona ukwakheka kwamehlo nokugqamile kwamehlo, kepha kukhona futhi amehlo angalunganga.
Amehlo esibonakude uvame ukuqondiswa kwizindlela ezihlukile noma phambili. Kunezindlela ezinhlobonhlobo zeteleskopu ezinamehlo ayo aqondiswe phezulu. Lolu hlobo lwesibonakude lubizwa ngokuthi "iso lasezulwini" noma "i-stargazer", futhi lolu hlobo alunayo i-dorsal fin. Inhlanzi yelesibonakude ibukeka inkulu impela, ubude bayo bomzimba bucishe bube ngama-15- 20 cm. Umzimba we-telescope yezinhlanzi zasemanzini unesimo se-ovoid esiyindilinga, umsila namaphiko kungaba nomumo ohlukile. Ama-teleskopu aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-15.
Futhi, encazelweni yezinhlanzi, isibonakude kufanelekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zalezi zinhlanzi: i-scaly ne-scaly. Ama-Scaleless ajwayelekile abe nombala owodwa futhi awunazo i-luster zensimbi, ngokungafani nesibonakude esibukhali. Njengomphumela womsebenzi wokuzalela, imibala eminingi yalezi zinhlanzi yatholakala. Kodwa-ke, ezivame kakhulu yizinhlabamanzi ezinombala omhlophe, obomvu nomnyama.
Isibonakude sasekhaya
Itheleskopu yezinhlanzi zasekhaya - China. KwakuseChina lapho kwethulwa isibonakude sezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Isikhathi eside kunalokho, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lwalusejwayelekile e-Asia kuphela. Baqala ukulethwa eYurophu ngonyaka we-1872. Ngonyaka ofanayo, kwavela inhlanzi yesibonakude eRussia. Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abezasemanzini baseRussia bakhetha izibonakude eziningi ngokuzalanisa.
Izibonakude ngemvelo
Isibonakude siyinhlanzi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli bokugcina izindawo zasemanzini. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ukugcizelela okuyinhloko kubekwe egameni elithi "ikhaya", ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana naleli "zwi" elithokozisayo endle - isibonakude esenziwe ngobuciko asitholakali endaweni yemvelo kwezinye izinhlanzi.
Uma kuvuliwe isithombe sezinhlanzi zesibonakude kuboniswe endle - lokhu kuyimbumbulu. Kukholakala ukuthi izibonakude zezinhlanzi -khohlisi ekunakekelweni nasekuzalweni, kepha lo mbono unephutha. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi lapho echibini lesilwane noma lenhlanzi liphuma echibini lokhokho babo, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukukhetha izimo ezithile zempilo ethile.
ngalokho okuqukethwe kwenhlanzi ye-teleskopu - akuwona umsebenzi olula. Uma ugaya ujule, izibonakude zingezomndeni we-cyprinid. Kodwa-ke, lezi zingane zinamehlo anjalo amakhulu amakhulu kangakanani?
Isibonakude esimnyama senhlanzi
Impendulo, maye, ilula impela - lokhu kungukungaguquki, ukuchezuka kokujwayelekile, okuthe ngesizathu esithile kwaheha umuntu, futhi wenza umsebenzi wokuwususa, ngaleyo ndlela enikezela ngohlobo oluthile lwenhlanzi yomhlobiso. Ekuqaleni, "amehlo amakhulu" avele eChina futhi isikhathi eside kwakuyilungelo kuphela kuleli.
Kusekhulwini le-19 kuphela lapho baqala ukuvela khona eYurophu, bese kuba seRussia, kancane kancane bakhulisa ukubonakala kwemibala ngemibala engenzeka, ngakho kwavela isibonakude esimnyama sezinhlanzi futhi isibonakude sezinhlanzi zegolide.
Izici zokugcina isikhutha sezinhlanzi
Kubukeka sengathi igama "isibonakude" uqobo selivele libonisa umbono omuhle kakhulu wenethiwekhi yabo, kepha lo mbono nawo unephutha. Ama-teleskopu abonakala kabi, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthi uqale inhlanzi ungene e-aquarium, kufanele uyilungiselele ngokucophelela, ususe zonke izinto ezinamakhona abukhali.
Akufanele kube nezinto ezibukhali e-aquarium ezinezibonakude.
Okusho ukuthi, ngenxa yombono omubi wezilwane ezifuywayo, kubhekwa njengento ebuhlungu kakhulu ukuba nezinto ezibukhali e-aquarium, ngoba izinhlanzi kungenzeka zingakwazi ukubona amakhona futhi zilimale. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkinga nge Amehlo athambile esibonakude.
Kuliqiniso, ukulimala komzimba akuyona ukuphela kwembangela yalesi sifo emehlweni amakhulu ezinsizakusebenza. Ukudla okungenampilo, izimo zokuphila ezingafanele, omakhelwane be-aquarium abayingozi - esinye salezi zizathu singathatha isinqumo sokuthi isilwane sigule.
Kuyadingeka ukuqapha isimo sawo womabili iso nezinsini, ukubuka ukuhamba kanye nesifiso senhlanzi. Amanzi lapho izibonakude zihlala khona ngezikhathi ezithile ziba ngcolile kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yothando lwabo lokugqekeza inhlabathi.
Okusho ukuthi, ngesikhathi somdlalo, izinhlanzi zigaya ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi, ziphakamisa inqwaba yemfucumfucu encane nemfucumfucu emanzini (uma kukhona e-aquarium).Ukuze ugweme amanzi anodaka, isihlungi esinamandla amakhulu kunokwakhelwe le volumu kufanele sifakwe egumbini lezinhlanzi ezinjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ube ne-compressor egijimayo.
Ama-teleskopu, njengawo wonke ama-cyprinid, angama-gluttons amakhulu. Izitshalo ze-Aquarium zingahlushwa lo mlingiswa wezimpawu ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukutshala lezo zitshalo kuphela izinhlanzi ezingazithandi. Ingasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa i-lemongrass, i-elodea, isitshalo seqanda.
Izibonakude azinandaba nalezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-aquarium greenery. Futhi, amaqabunga awo abukhali ngokwanele ukuze isibonakude esingenazimpilo singalimaze ngabo. Izimpande zezitshalo kufanele zimiswe ngamatshe amakhulu, njengoba izinhlanzi zizowumbela. Isonto ngalinye, ingxenye yamanzi esegumbini lezinhlanzi kufanele itshintshwe entsha.
Ama-telescope amancane adinga isikhala esiningi samahhala. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka bakhethe "amafulethi" ngokubheka iqiniso lokuthi kumhlali ngamunye, ngokunengqondo, kukhona amalitha amanzi angama-50. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, ngalesi size se-aquarium, inhlanzi eyodwa kuphela ezogcinwa ngokufanele. Imvamisa, izibonakude zibanjwa ngababili ezitsheni cishe ngamalitha ayi-100 ngosayizi. Ngaphambi thenga isibonakude sezinhlanzi, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela yonke imibandela yokulungiswa kwayo.
Isibonakude Sokudla Kwezinhlanzi
Zonke izinhlobo zama-cyprinid adume ngokudla kwawo okuhle, futhi izibonakude nazo zihlukile. Bangadla cishe noma yikuphi ukudla, kusukela komile kuya kokuphila. Ngokufanelekile, usayizi wokudla okukodwa kungu-3% wesisindo senhlanzi ethile. Vele, ukukala isilwane njalo nokubala ngqo le ngxenye akudingekile.
Ukondla kwenziwa kabili ngosuku, cishe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze uvikele izibonakude zingadli ngokweqile, ukudla kushiyelwa e-aquarium imizuzu eli-15 kuphela, bese kususwa izinsalela zayo. Izikhathi ezithile, ungachitha izinsuku zakho zokuzila ukudla kwezilwane.
Ukuphinda uzalwe futhi kusindiswe isikhathi se-teleskopu
Ukuhlola izibonakude nakho kuyindaba ecashile. Ekuqaleni, udinga ukulungisa isitsha esihlukile samalitha angama-40 okungenani. Owesifazane othile omdala onempilo futhi owesilisa nabesilisa abambalwa bahlala lapho. Amanzi avikelwa izinsuku ezintathu, kuyilapho kufanele njalo kugcwaliswe umoya-mpilo.
Izinhlanzi zilungele ukubeka ngenkathi efudumele - kusuka cishe ngo-Ephreli kuya ekwindla yokuqala. Abakhiqizi besikhathi esizayo bahlukaniselwa izakhamizi eziyinhloko ze-aquarium yaphakade futhi bondliwe kakhulu, kuqala inyanga ngaphambi kokuqhuma okufunayo. Lapho "umakoti nomkhwenyana" besemanzini afanayo, abesilisa baqala ukuxosha insikazi.
Ukuhlangana uqobo kuvame ukuwela ekuseni kakhulu. Kuyo yonke le nkathi, insikazi ingazalela amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3. Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana nokwenza amakhosi, ama-aquarium kumele akhanyiswe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Esikhathini sasemini, ukukhanya okwanele kwelanga, ebusuku kufaka izibani zokufakelwa.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokudla okufanele, izibonakude zingahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, kodwa-ke, izinamba eziqondile zikhomba ihlala malini inhlanzi yesibonakude, cha, njengoba kuncike ngqo ekunakekelweni. Ungathenga inhlanzi enjalo kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, intengo yezinhlanzi yesibonakude kuya ngombala nobudala bomuntu othile futhi uhla luhlukahluka ukusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1000 kuya kwangama-3000.
Kodwa-ke, inhlangano kanye nokugcinwa kwazo zonke izindlela ezidingekayo zeteleskopu ephilayo "zingabiza imali enhle." Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukucubungula ngokucophelela isinqumo sokuthola le nhlanzi ethile, futhi uma isinqumo sisekhona, thatha lolu daba wonke umthwalo wemfanelo.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: Izinhlobo zesibonakude
Isikhathi esivela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaliseni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaphawulwa impumelelo yabasolwandle baseRussia abakha futhi bahlanganisa izinhlobo ezihlukile zalolu hlobo.
Hlukanisa ngezici:
Isikhumba | Math velvety. | Metallic kukhanye. |
Isikali | Ayinacala. | IScaly. |
Umsila | Umsila we-veil. | Kufushane. |
Izinhlamvu | I-Ribbon-like | Isiketi-ngathi. |
Umbala | I-Plain: obomvu obomvu, velvet omnyama, omhlophe. | I-chintz ehlukahlukene. |
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeDemenkines ziyahlukaniswa:
- Magpie,
- I-Moscow Black Telescope,
Ukuzala
Isibonakude sikulungele ukuzala, njengoba sesiphile kuze kube unyaka, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwezingane ezineminyaka emibili kubhekwa njengokufanelekile ekuzaleni inzalo. Esikhathini esisuka kuMashi kuya ku-Ephreli, yakha iqembu eliqukethe izinsikazi nabesilisa abangu-2-3. AbakwaDemenkins, abaqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi ngaphambili kunesikhathi esichaziwe, bahleli ezitsheni ezihlukene izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kwezi-21. Owesilisa olungele ukuhlakazeka uqala ukujaha insikazi ngenkuthalo. Lapho kuzalaniswa iTeleskophu, kuhlangabezana nemibandela elandelayo:
- ukuhlomisa izisekelo ezivulekile ngegridi yokuhlukanisa, ukumboza phansi ngesihlabathi noma ngeJavanese moss, tshala uhlaza olunamaqabunga amancane,
- melana nokushisa kwamanzi + 22 ... + 28 ° C, ubunzima obuvumelekile 8 - 15 ° dH, pH 6.0-8.0 - i-acidity enconyiwe,
- khombisa ukuqhekeka ngokushisa uketshezi ngo-5 - 10 ° C,
- dlulisa abakhiqizi abaqede ukunqamula esitsheni esilungiselelwe.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5 zesikhathi sokufakwa, ama-20% amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-10 kuphela azophenduka abe yi-fry. Abadala i-Demenkins abagcini nje ngokunakekela izingane, kodwa bangayidla nayo.
Fry uphekelwa ngama-rotifers, i-brine shrimp, uthuli bukhoma, nokuphakelwa okukhethekile.
Izifo Nokuvimbela
Ukuqongelela kwezakhi ze-nitrogenous kulolu ketshezi, ukungabukelwa kwenqwaba yokulethwa kokudla nesikhathi sokuphaka, ukwephulwa kombuso wokushisa, ukuhlanzwa okunganele nokugcwala komoya-mpilo yizimbangela eziphambili zokulimala kwezilwane.
Isifo | Izimpawu | Imbangela |
Kubanda | Ukulimala esikhunjeni. | Ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa. |
I-Flipping | Ukuguqukela phezulu, ubheke phezulu emanzini, kulele phansi. | Ukuvuvukala kwesinye. |
Ukuxineka | Izimbotshana zicindezela eduze komzimba. | Ukuhambisana, ikhwalithi yamanzi, ukufakelwa. |
Indlala yomoya-mpilo | Isibonakude sivame ukugwinya umoya. | Izinhlanzi eziningi, izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphakeme. |
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Ukuqhakaza, ukuqunjelwa. | Ukwephulwa kohlobo lokudla. |
Izibazi | Kuhlanganisa umosa omhlophe osuka emzimbeni ematsheni. | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane. |
Yehla | UDemenkin uyavuvukala. | Ukutheleleka kwezinso. |
Isikhunta | Izinhlanzi ezinamahlumela amnyama nezimhlophe esikhunjeni ziyayeka ukuhamba futhi zilele phansi. | Izinga lamanzi ampofu. |
Izilonda ngamagciwane kanye ne-protozoa. | Amabala amnyama nezimbobo emzimbeni, imizimba yangaphandle emlonyeni noma ku-anus. | Ukutheleleka nge-louse yezinhlanzi, i-carnivore, ibala elimnyama, isibungu se-anchor noma i-trematode enobuhlakani. |
Izifo zamehlo | I-turbidity, amabala amhlophe. | Amanzi angcolile, ukulimala. |
Kunconywa lapho ukhomba isifo: tshala inhlanzi enesifo, iya kudokotela wezilwane, ushintshe amanzi e-aquarium, ubheke izinga lokushisa lamanzi nokudla.
Ungayondla kanjani isibonakude?
Isibonakude senhlanzi e-aquarium ekudleni okunempilo ayizithobisi futhi icishe ibe yinqaba. Isibonakude singondliwa bukhoma, eqandisiwe futhi kufakwa okwenziwe ngobuciko. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo, kunzima ukuthi bathathe ukudla okuvela phansi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthenga i-feed ekhethekile esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo.
Lapho usuthisa isibonakude, khumbula ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zigcwele kancane kancane. Ama-teleskopu awaboni kahle emehlweni ngenxa yokuthi angahlali ekuqaphelisisa ukudla, ngakho-ke adinga isikhathi esanele ukuze athole ukudla. Izibonakude zivame ukumba emhlabathini zifuna ukudla, okuvusa ukungcola kanye nomswakama.
Kungcono ukondla isibonakude ngokudla okungelona iqiniso, ngoba kancane kancane iyabola futhi ayijikijeli emhlabathini. Njengokuphakelwa bukhoma kwesibonakude, ama-cellworms, amashubhu kanye ne-daphnia kuhle kakhulu. Isibonakude kufanele sondliwe kabili ngosuku, izinsalela zokudla ezingabonakali kufanele zisuswe. Kanye ngesonto, ungahlela usuku lokuzila.
Isibonakude senhlanzi sase-Aquarium sikhiqiza imfucuza enkulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka ukusefa okuhle. Inketho enhle kakhulu ingaba isihlungi sangaphandle esinamandla. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zidinga umoya-mpilo, kudingeka umoya oncomekayo wamanzi. Kufanele futhi ufake isibani se-fluorescent. Izinhlanzi ezinakekela izibonakude zibandakanya isidingo soshintsho lwamasonto onke lufika kuma-20% wevolumu yamanzi. Ngokuqondene nezinhlaka zamanzi, izibonakude azicacanga kulokhu.
Ama-teleskopu izinhlanzi ezinobungane ezihlala ngokuthula nezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele zigcinwe kuphela kanye nezinye izinhlanzi ezolile. Isibonakude sihambisana nomsila weveli, ama-orandas ne-golffish. Izibonakude ezinama-barbs, ameva, ama-cichlid, i-haracin nezinhlanzi ezilwayo azihambelani. Izinhlanzi ezinjengalezi zingasabisa izibonakude, zilimaze amehlo abo futhi zinqume izibilini zazo.
Ama-teleskopu angaphila emazingeni okushisa aphansi impela, kepha noma kunjalo, izinga lokushisa + 20-23 ° C liyinani elifanele kakhulu lokugcina izinhlanzi e-aquarium. Ama-teleskopu awathobeki kangako kokuqukethwe. Emanzini acwebile futhi nomakhelwane abanokuthula, izibonakude zihlala kahle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi omakhelwane bangakuthathi ukudla kwizibonakude. Izinhlanzi eziningi ezisebenzayo zingabashiya belambile, ngoba izibonakude zinamehlo angaboni, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ziyahamba kancane futhi zihamba kancane.
Lapho uhlobisa i-aquarium, zama ukusebenzisa izinto zokwakheka eziyisiyingi ukuze izinhlanzi zingalimali. Imihlobiso efana nemikhumbi nezinqaba zivinjelwa kangcono. Yize kunjalo, izibonakude ezingama-clumsy azibonakali kahle futhi zingalimala. Kungcono kakhulu ukuhlobisa i-aquarium ngamatshe amakhulu abushelelezi obukhulu obumbozwe.
Khumbula ukuthi izitshalo ezintekenteke zingadla izibonakude. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukukhetha izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amakhulu nezimpande eziqinile (iqabunga leqanda, i-vallisneria, i-sagittaria, i-elodea). Inhlabathi ezungeze izimpande ingambozwa ngamatshe amatshe amakhulu noma itshalwe ezimbizeni. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izitshalo ezinamaqabunga abukhali akufanele zibe ku-aquarium, ngoba zibeka ingozi emehlweni esibonakude.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa phansi kwesibonakude ngaphambi kokusakazeka. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela kuphela lapho izibonakude zibonisa izici ezihlukile. Izinsikazi ziba zindilinga, kanti abesilisa bakha amashubhu amhlophe emaphethelweni nasekhanda. Kukholelwa ukuthi inzalo enhle kakhulu nenempilo inika labo bantu abaneminyaka okungenani engu-3 ubudala. Kepha izibonakude ezikwazi ukuphindaphindeka ziba ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi.
Uma uqaphela ukuvela kwezimpawu ezihlukile ezinhlanzini, khona-ke zilungele ukuqhekeka. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka entwasahlobo. Kufanele ulungiselele le nqubo, ngoba abazali badla eyabo caviar. Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela i-aquarium ehlukile ngamalitha angama-20-30, lapho uzodlulisela khona i-pair elungele ukunwebeka. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokusatshalaliswa, abazali kufanele babuyiselwe emuva ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Kwisibonakude esisodwa esidonsa izinhlanzi sikhiqiza amaqanda acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezimbili. Izinga lokushisa eliqhakaza kufanele libe ngu-+ 24-26 ° C.
Cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu ngemuva kokuhluma, amaqanda abekiwe azoshintsha abe izibungu. Ngalesi sikhathi, abasadingi ukondliwa. Kepha lapho izibungu ziba nefry, kufanele zondliwe uthuli bukhoma. I-telescope Fry ikhula ngokungalingani. Ngakho-ke, i-fry encane kufanele ihlukaniswe nalezo ezinkulu. Kuyadingeka ukwenza lokhu ukuze i-fry idle, ngaphandle kwalokho abantu abakhulu ngokujwayelekile ngeke bavumele izingane ukuba zidle. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukuthola inzalo kumabonakude akulula kangako. Lo msebenzi ubuhlungu kakhulu, kepha uma ulandela wonke amathiphu, ungafinyelela impumelelo.
Ukunakekela inhlanzi ngesibonakude akuyona into eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi uma ulandela zonke izincomo zokugcina izibonakude, ungakhula ngaphezu kwesizukulwane esisodwa salezi zinhlanzi. Isimo esikhulu ukukhumbula umthwalo wemfanelo wezilwane ezifuywayo bese uzibeka phezu kwakho kuphela uma ungakha zonke izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila kwazo.
Izifo zesibonakude
Izifo zesibonakude zivame ukubangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Izifo ezijwayelekile kakhulu zesibonakude ngukutheleleka ngegciwane, isikhunta, izilonda kanye nezilonda zeprotozoan, ukubulawa yindlala komoya-mpilo, ukukhuluphala kwamathumbu nokuvuvukala, ukucindezelwa, ukubanda, kanye nokushwibeka. Vele, okuqukethwe isibonakude kuzodinga isikhathi esiningi, umsebenzi nokunakwa. Kodwa naphezu kwawo wonke ama-nuances, lezi zinhlanzi ezingavamile zizoletha umnikazi wazo imizuzu eminingi ejabulisayo.
Uma uthandile le ndatshana, bhalisela ukuvuselelwa kwesayithi ukuthola kuphela izindatshana zakamuva nezijabulisa kakhulu ngezilwane.