Cougar - Isidleke esikhulu esiqhamuka emndenini wekati, imixhaso yezinsalela ehlala eNyakatho Melika. Ama-cougars ashesha kakhulu futhi ayaguga, nawo awadingi amandla nesibindi: azingela inyamazane enesisindo amahlandla amaningi kunawabo. Imvamisa ayibi yingozi kubantu, kwesinye isikhathi aze acutshwe futhi agcinwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

EPaleocene, izimbangi ezifana nababulali, ama-myacid, kwavela, futhi kwavela kubo ukuthi ukuhlangana kobulelesi, kufaka phakathi okwenziwe inja nokufana nekati. Igatsha lokuziphendukela kwemvelo le-proto -ource liholele kwesibili - lezi zilwane zazihlalisa iplanethi yethu e-Oligocene, futhi eMiocene zathathelwa indawo yimithombo ye-psvedoprotoa -ource.

Kusuka kubo lapho kuvela khona la mindeni emithathu eyinhloko: amakati a-saber-toothed (aqothulayo), amakati amakhulu namancane - ama-cougars nawo angawokugcina. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amakati amancane awawona amancane - ngakho-ke, ama-cougars ngokwawo makhulu impela. Isihluthulelo sokwehlukanisa yikhono lokukhula, izinhlobo eziqukethwe kulo zingezamakati amakhulu.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Cougar ibukeka kanjani

Ngobude, i-cougar imvama ukusuka ku-110 kuye ku-165 cm, futhi ekuphakameni okungama-55-75 cm. Ibuye inesisindo esiningi - 55-110 kg. Zinesisindo esingaphansi kwamahlosi, amabhubesi namajezi, kodwa nokho zingabazingeli abayingozi kakhulu. Abesilisa nabesifazane bahluke kakhulu ngosayizi - abesilisa bakhulu futhi banesisindo esingaba ikota.

I-cougar inomzimba omuhle futhi oguquguqukayo, ikhanda lincane, njengezindlebe, isilwane sibonakala lide. Ama-paws makhulu, athweswe umqhele ngezikhafu ezibukhali, angadweba. Ngosizo lwabo, ugibela izihlahla, abambe futhi abambe inyamazane, futhi angaba izikhali zokulwa nezinye izitha noma abantu besizwe. Unobuhlakani obukhulu, ugibela ngokushesha izihlahla noma amadwala, ukhuphuka ngokushesha kakhulu kubo, angakhula ngesivinini esikhulu ngesikhathi sokuzingela, ukubhukuda kahle kakhulu - akanendaba kakhulu nezithiyo. Imilenze yangemuva mikhulu kunezibazi zangaphambili, umthwalo onamandla uwahlela. Inomsila omude futhi oqinile.

Amazinyo angama-30 kaCougar anama-fangs amade, asetshenziselwa ukubamba inyamazane, futhi abhoboze isikhumba nemisipha, enze ukulunywa okujulile. Kunezinto ezincane ezibandayo, bese “ehlwitha” inyamazane, asuse izimpaphe noma noboya kuyo. Amazinyo aqine kakhulu, isilwane siyakwazi ukudwengula kalula izicubu futhi size siphule namathambo. Kungamazinyo lapho ungathola khona ukuthi indala ineminyaka emingaki: ngeminyaka engu-4 yezinyanga abanayo ubisi, kusukela eminyakeni yobudala obuyi-izinyanga ezingama-7-8 baqala ukushintshana nabangempela, ingakapheli iminyaka emi-2 le nqubo iphela. Ngemuva kwalokho kancane kancane balahlekelwa ubukhali bazo ngenxa yokugaya futhi kube mnyama kancane, ukuze lezi zinhlaka zingakwazi ukwahlukanisa amakati amancane asebekhulile, nalezo ezindala.

I-cougar inobuhle obukhulu, kepha ayifani ngobude nangesilika, ngakho-ke ukuyicula ayimnandi njengamanye amakati amakhulu. Umbala uqinile, grey-ephuzi - ufana nebhubesi, kepha ngandlela thile. Umbala wazo ufana nombala woboya noma izikhumba zalezo zilwane ezizingela zona - ngakho-ke ama-cougars abangela ukusola okuncane, kuba lula ngawo ukugoba anganakile ukuthi anya. Imvamisa esikhunjeni kungaba namabala amhlophe noma amnyama. Ama-cougars amancane amfushane futhi enemithende eyengeziwe, ayabonakala nangamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - lapho ekhula eba ambule noma ansundu, ngalokhu, iningi lamabala esembathweni ayanyamalala.

Ihlala kuphi i-cougar?

Isithombe: Cat Cougar Cat

IPuma inobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu, obuhlanganisa yonke iNingizimu Melika nengxenye enkulu yeNyakatho, okubandakanya yonke iMexico, iningi leMelika ngaphandle kwezifundazwe ezithile zasempumalanga, kanye nemingcele eseNingizimu yeCanada. Phambilini, ama-cougars abelokhu egcwele kulo lonke leli thuba, manje isimo sesishintshile.

Ngokuqondile subspecies cougar ehlala eNyakatho Melika kuphela. Engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-USA kunezimbalwa kakhulu zalezi zilwane, abantu abambalwa kuphela ababodwa, enkabeni neCanada inani labo nalo lehle kakhulu: ikakhulukazi bahlala ezindaweni ezingenazintaba ezinabantu abaningi. Ingxenye esentshonalanga inabantu abaningi kakhulu abadla izindwani eNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi iziNtaba zeRocky.

ENingizimu Melika, isimo siyefana: ezingxenyeni zezindawo lapho amakati la ayehlala khona, awasahlali, kwezinye zimbalwa kakhulu. Ngokujwayelekile, nokho, zisatholakala kuwo wonke amazwe aleli lizwekazi kusuka eColombia enyakatho kuya e-Argentina naseChile eningizimu. AmaCougars ahlala endaweni ehlukahlukene: emathafeni, ezintabeni, emahlathini nasezixhaphozini. Bayakwazi ukuguqula indlela odla ngayo nendawo ahlala kuyo, futhi umbala wejazi labo uyashintsha futhi ukufanise. Ezintabeni zingakhuphuka kakhulu, futhi zitholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kwama-4,000.

Indawo enamagagasi enamandla yalezi zilwane akuyona isithiyo, okuphambene nalokho: banqoba kalula izithiyo, futhi kulula kakhulu kubo ukuzingela. Into esemqoka ukuthi kufanele kube nokukhiqizwa okwengeziwe eduzane - lokhu kucishe kube yikhomba kuphela lapho i-cougar ikhetha indawo kuyo yonke impilo. Eyesibili - kufanele ithule, ingabi kude nemizi yama-cougars ukuthi ingahlangani. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi kutholakale echibini elinamanzi amnandi endaweni yokufinyeleleka okusondele kakhulu: ungaphuza kuyo, futhi kuhlala kukhiqizwa okuningi eduzane.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi litholakala kuphi leli cougar. Masibone ukuthi udlani.

Ngabe idlani i-cougar?

Photo: Cougar ngemvelo

Kumenyu yayo, lesi silo ikakhulukazi sihlanganisa ukungalandelwa. Lokhu:

Lesi isisulu esikhulu, isikhathi esiningi sinesisindo esingaphezu kwe-cougar uqobo, futhi-ke sihlala isikhathi eside, kanti ukuzingela okukodwa okuphumelelayo kukuvumela ukuthi ungakhathazeki ngokudla. Kodwa-ke, ama-cougars ajwayele ukubulala izilwane eziningi kunokuba ezokwazi ukudla inyama, futhi ngisho nangamasheya ayaqhubeka nokuzingela. Kepha azideleli inyamazane encane, uma enkulu yehluleka.

I-Cougar nayo ingaphamba ku:

Banamahloni ngokwanele ukubamba inyoni engenandaba, nayo bayidle. Uyakwazi ukudoba futhi uthande iminenke. I-cougar elambile iyakwazi ukubulala nokudla isizwe noma i-lynx, futhi iyingozi nakwizibungu ezincane. Ngamazwi - usongo oluvela kubo lufika cishe kunoma yisiphi isilwane abasifinyelela.

Ngisho namabhere awazizwa ephephile - i-cougar ingummeleli we-feline onesibindi, esetshenziselwa ukuzingela umdlalo omkhulu, ngakho-ke iyakwazi ukubahlasela. Lezi ikakhulukazi amabhere amancanyana, nokho i-grizzly endala inamandla kakhulu i-cougar. Izilwane ezifuywayo nazo ziyabulawa: lokhu kuyasebenza emfuyweni nasezifuyweni - izinja. amakati nabanye. Kodwa ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kuyaqabukela, ngoba ama-cougars akhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni zasendle lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuba khona. Bayakwazi ukuzingela hhayi emhlabathini kuphela, kodwa nasezihlahleni.

UCougar uzama ukuleqa inyamazane anganakwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngemuva kwalokho agxume futhi azame ukwephula intamo yalowo ohlukumezekile ngenxa yesisindo sakhe. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, khona-ke uzama ukumbamba ngomphimbo bese emgoqa. Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukudla inyamazane ngasikhathi, ifihla izinsalela zensimbi ngokuzigqekeza ngaphansi kwamaqabunga noma iqhwa. Ingabuyiswa kwisidumbu esingakhishwa kaninginingi. Kwesinye isikhathi ibulala inyamazane entsha, njengoba igcwele, futhi icishe ingadli, noma ishiye ingafundwanga. Lokhu bekuvame ukusetshenziswa amaNdiya: babheka izindawo lapho kwakufihlwa khona isidumbu, basithatha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma ama-cougars uqobo ethola inyamazane yomunye umuntu, khona-ke awayithinti.

Iqiniso elihehayo: ICougar inamandla futhi iqine kangangokuba ingadonsela isidumbu amahlandla ayisikhombisa kunesisindo sayo.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Cougar Cat

Ama-cougars ahlala eyedwa, ahlangana ngababili kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Isimo sabo asinawo amaphakethe noma abantu abambalwa abaziphilelayo: wonke umuntu uyazizonda, akahlanganyeli inyamazane, akathinti okwomunye umuntu. Isigaxa sinendawo yaso, lapho sizingela khona, okungenani amashumi ambalwa amakhilomitha, kwesinye isikhathi amakhulu. Abesilisa baba “nezindawo” ezikhudlwana, futhi izinsikazi zihlala eduze kwabo. Uma impahla yamadoda amabili ewela umngcele, kungaqubuka izingxabano phakathi kwabo kuze kube yilapho omunye wabo ezobheka enye indawo - kwesinye isikhathi aze aphele ngokushona komunye wabasakazi. Abesifazane bavame ukungahambisani.

Ngasikhathi sinye, abesilisa abasebasha, abasanda kuqala impilo ehlukile kunina, bangazingela isikhashana, kepha bayaphambuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngamunye wabo afune noma athathe umhlaba ongagcinwanga ngamanye amakati wekati. Ngaphakathi kumasayithi abo, ama-cougars ahamba ngokuya ngesizini: engxenyeni eyodwa bachitha ubusika, kwelinye ihlobo. Imingcele yendawo lapho abantu bezizwe bengahambi imakwe ngomaki nangomunyu. Ama-cougars athule kakhulu, futhi imisindo ephakeme evela kubo ingazwakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala.

Isikhathi somsebenzi zivame ukuwa ebusuku, phakathi nosuku abalala ngalo. Ebumnyameni, kulula kubo ukweqa isisulu. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi bazingela ntambama - imvamisa uma belambile. Uma amanye amakati amakhulu ehlasela umuntu, i-cougar ayithambekele kulokhu, imvamisa iyahamba. Ukuhlasela kungenzeka kuphela uma i-cougar ibona ukuthi umuntu usezomhlasela futhi inqume ukuthi ngeke iphunyuke. Lezi yizilwane ezibekezelayo: uma zibanjwa ogibeni, azethuki, kepha ngokuzithoba zizama ukuzikhulula.

Uma lokhu kungenzeki, bamane bayeke ukuhamba futhi bangalinda izinsuku eziningana kuze kufike othile ozobheka isicupho: futhi lapha ungalindela ukuhlaselwa kubo, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa kuphela lapho sebekhululiwe, ngaphambili kulokhu bangazenza sengathi balele.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Cougar ngemvelo

Isikhathi sokuzalela ama-cougars aqala ebusika futhi aqhubeka kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, baba nokuphumula, izimpi zivame ukwenzeka phakathi kwabesilisa. Owesilisa ngamunye uthambekela ekuhlanganyeleni nabo bonke abantu besifazane abahlala ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane - futhi kungahle kube nezingu-3-8 zazo. Owesifazane uphethe amathole lawo izinyanga ezingaba ntathu, emva kwalokho avela koyedwa kuya kwayisithupha. Ngobude, zivela kitten enkulu - 30 cm, futhi isisindo 300-400 gr. Ijazi linsundu, amabala amnyama ahamba nalo - likhanya ngonyaka. AmaKittens avula amehlo awo ekuqaleni kwesonto lesibili lokuphila, aqede aqede amazinyo.

Ngalesi sikhathi, badlala ikakhulukazi futhi basadla ubisi lukamama, inyama ingezwa kulokhu inyanga nesigamu, kepha bayaqhubeka ukuncela ubisi. Bahlala nonina iminyaka engaba ngu-1.5-2, bese beyofuna umhlaba wabo, kepha bangahlala eqenjini kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Bakhula ngokobulili ngeminyaka engu-2,5 kwabesifazane nabathathu kwabesilisa, futhi baphila ngeminyaka eyi-10-14. Kuba nzima kuma-cougars amadala ekuzingeleni, ngakho-ke ziyafa ngenxa yokungondleki kahle noma amanxeba abangelwa zona - inyamazane noma ezinye izinyamazane. Abathunjiwe bayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engama-20.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ekudingisweni, ungathola i-hybrid ye-cougar kanye nengwearda, ibizwa nge- pumapard. Lesi silwane esesimweni somzimba sifana ne-puma, kodwa sincane ngosayizi futhi sinamabala esikhumbeni njengengwe.

Izitha zemvelo zama-cougars

Photo: Cougar ibukeka kanjani

Ama-cougars awazingeli ukuzingela njalo izitha zawo.

Kwesinye isikhathi kungqubuzana nezinyamazane ezifana:

Imvamisa, ama-cougars ahlasela kuqala, kepha uma ebahlasela, angacasha kunoma yisiphi isilwane esisohlwini. Ngabe ukuthi i-jaguar inethuba lokuhlangana nayo, kepha ngisho iyingozi kakhulu ngaphandle kwama-cougars amancane noma amadala. Kunjalo nangezimpisi - ngisho nepakethe lezimpisi alihlaseli i-cougar yabantu abadala enempilo, ngoba bayazi ukuthi kuzobiza kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, ama-cougars awunazitha zangempela zemvelo, futhi angazizwa ephephe ngokuphelele, uma kungenjalo kubantu. Ngenxa yokuthi amakati abulala imfuyo nezilwane ezifuywayo, ayevame ukudutshulwa ngaphambili, futhi kube ngabantu ababulala iningi lama-cougars afa ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo.

Kepha, uma isimo sinye nezinye izingqangi, siguqukile ngama-cougars. Ngenxa yemithetho evinjelwe eMelika, manje sebefa kancane, okubavumele ukuthi balondoloze inani labo labantu, ngoba cishe akekho noyedwa wokuqothula laba bantu abangatheni.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ama-cougars amancane angadanjiswa, futhi ayozwana hhayi nabanikazi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezilwane ezifuywayo ezibulawa yizo izilwane zasendle. Kepha lokhu akusebenzi ezinyoni, ngisho nezilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuzizingela.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Ama-cougars ayizilwane ezisengozini kakhulu. Ububanzi nenombolo yokunye kwabo okubhalwe phansi kuyancipha, kepha okuphambene kwenzeka nge-cougar: uma engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20 leminyaka bekumbalwa kakhulu kubo, ke kusukela lapho, ngenxa yezinyathelo ezithathiwe zokuvikela, baphindaphindeke kahle - manje sekunabantu abacishe babe ngama-30,000 eNyakatho Melika.

Leli nani lingahle lingabonakali likhulu kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba, ezidinga ukubulala izilwane eziningi ngokudla, likhulu impela. Lonke uhla lwamlando lwamaphaphu alukabuyiselwa, futhi bahlala ikakhulukazi engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-USA, kodwa kancane kancane iyanda iye empumalanga.

Ukuzingela ama-cougars, ngokuya ngokutholakala kwawo esifundazweni, kungakhawulelwa noma kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kunikeze umphumela omkhulu wokubuyisa izinombolo zabo: uma eSouth America abantu beqhubeka nokuxosha abamele ezinye izingosi, eNyakatho nokuqothulwa okunjalo kumiswa cishe.

Iqiniso elihehayo: I-cougar ihlasela ngempumelelo isisulu kaningi kunamanye amakati: emacaleni angaphezu kwama-60% (ngokwesibonelo, emabhubesini, cishe ikota yemizamo iyaphumelela). Kepha uma ukuhlaselwa kusaphumelelile, kanti ohlukumezekile wakwazi ukubaleka, cougar akazange amsukele, ngoba wayekwazi ukwenza ijezi elilodwa nje elisheshayo, kodwa akakwazanga ukugijima ibanga elide.

Cougar iqine kakhulu kunokuba ibonakale ngokubukeka kwayo, ngoba yiyona inja enkulu, kepha iyakwazi ukubulala inyamazane nemvukuzane. Bangakwazi nokudla imfuyo, okuyinto evimba abalimi - ngenxa yalokhu, bacishe babulawa maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Ngenhlanhla, izindlela zokonga zazisebenza kahle, ngakho-ke abantu baphila.

Cougar: Incazelo

Uma uhumusha igama laleso silo (i-Puma concolor) kusuka esiLatinini, kusho ukuthi "uPuma ngumbala owodwa", ofanele ngokuphelele maqondana nokubukeka, ongenalo iphethini. Yize lokhu kungasho nakancane ukuthi ijazi le-cougar liyinyumba ngempela. Indawo yesisu sesilwane ipendiwe ngamathoni alula, kuyilapho ku-muzzle ungabona nezindawo ezilula eziqokomisa umlomo nendawo ye-chin.

Ukubhaliswa kwekhokho

Kuze kube cishe unyaka wezinkulungwane ezi-2, ososayensi bahlonze imininingwane engaba ngu-30 yalomhlaseli, ngokusekelwe kwizimpawu zokuziphatha. Esikhathini sethu, ama-cougars akhonjwe ezingxenyeni ezingama-6, kucatshangelwa izici zofuzo zezilwane, nendawo yokuhlala.

Ngakho-ke, izilo ezidla izinyawo zichazwa, ngokuya ngobunikazi bazo izinhlobo ezithile, kanye nendawo yazo yokuhlala.

Mayelana nalezi zinto, lezi zidla zodwa zihlukaniswa:

• I-Puma concolor costaricensis, etholakala ngaphakathi kweCentral America.
• I-Puma concolor couguar, ehlala eNyakatho Melika.
• I-Puma concolor cabrerae. Lokhu okubhaliwe kuhlala engxenyeni esemaphakathi yeSouth America.
• I-Puma concolor capricornensis. Lolu hlobo lwenhlanya luyatholakala ezifundeni ezisempumalanga yeNingizimu Melika.
• IPuma concolor puma itholakala ezindaweni eziseNingizimu Melika.
• Ikhonsoli ekhonswayo yePuma. Izilwane zalokhu okubhalwe phansi zihlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho neNingizimu Melika.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Ezindaweni ezinamahlathi futhi ezinothuli zaseSouth Florida, kutholakala indawo engatholakali ka “Puma concolor coryi”, ebizwa ngeFlorida puma.

Izilwane eziningi kakhulu zitholakala endaweni ebunjiwe "Big Cypress National Preservation" e-United States. Ngo-2011, bekunabantu abacishe babe yi-160, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho izilwane zabhalwa ku-International Red Book (IUCN), zichaza lesi simo njengezindawo eziphansi zisesimweni esibucayi. Ngeshwa, le nkampani engaphansi kwayo inyamalala ngenxa yempilo yomuntu okhipha imijondolo ngokungafanele, waphinde futhi wazingela inyamazane ngenxa yentshisekelo yezemidlalo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenziwa ama-inbreding kunobuhlobo obuthile nalesi simo esingesihle, obekungukuthi iqiniso lokuthi izilwane ezihlobene kakhulu zithandana nethemba lokukhulisa inani eliphelele labazingeli.

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

AmaCougars akhetha ukuziphilela yedwa, akha imibhangqwana kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzalela, okuhlala isonto elilodwa kuphela, kanti izinsikazi nezinzalo zakhe zindawonye kuze kube yilapho amantshontsho ezimela ngokuphelele. Abesilisa abadala baziphatha ngobudlova komunye nomunye, kepha abesilisa abasebasha baziphatha kamnandi. Inani eliphelele lalaba bantu abahlaselayo lincike kwinani lomdlalo, ngakho-ke kumakhilomitha skwele ayikhulu ungatholana nomnikazi oyedwa waleyo ndawo, nakumasayithi angobukhulu bendawo, abantu abangaphezu kweshumi.

Isakhiwo, esingaphansi kokulawulwa owesilisa, singaba amakhilomitha skwele angama-350 noma ngaphansi kwezikhathi eziyi-10, kuya ngokutholakala kokuphakelwa kokudla. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi insimu ngayinye ayiphindi ihlangane nendawo lapho abazingeli bezingela khona. Bakhomba insimu yabo ngosizo lomchamo nezindunduma, kanye nokushiya ukuklwebheka ezihlahleni. AmaCougars ahlala ezungeza izingosi zawo, futhi ubukhulu bokufuduka okunjalo kuya ngesikhathi sonyaka. Lezi zidlamlilo zizizwa zizinhle kunoma iyiphi indawo enzima, ngoba zithathwa njengezingompetha ngokugxuma okude nokude.

IPuma iyakwazi:

• Eqa amamitha ayi-7 noma ngaphezulu ngobude.
• Yeqa ukuphakama cishe kwamamitha ayi-5.
• Yeqa kusuka ukuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-18.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Lezi zidlova zingashesha ngesivinini esingama-50 km / h, kodwa kuphela isikhashana, ngenkathi izilwane zinqoba kahle imithambeka yentaba, zikhuphuka kalula izihlahla, futhi futhi zigxume edwaleni ziye edwaleni. Ama-cougars azizwa emuhle emanzini, kepha angazizwa enentshisekelo kakhulu kuzinto zamanzi.

Umhlaseli uya ngokuzingela kusihlwa, kuthi ngezikhathi zasemini lezi zilwane zibambe noma zilale ezindlini zazo zokugcina. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, abantu bekholelwa ukuthi ama-cougars enza imisindo ekhipha inhliziyo, kepha njengoba kunjalo, le bekungamaphupho nje avela ngesisekelo sokwesabisa okwethusayo. Ama-cougars enza imisindo ephakeme kuphela ngezikhathi zokuzalela, futhi sonke isikhathi enza imisindo ebonakala ngabo bonke "amathuna", kufaka phakathi umsindo ojwayelekile othi "meow".

Izici ze-Cougar neHabitat

Ibanga le-cougar linabile kunazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala eMelika. Kulesi paramende, yi-lynx ebomvu kuphela enezinwele, ikati lehlathi kanye nengwe kuphela engaqhathaniswa ne-puma.

Lesi silwane siwuphawu lweWild West futhi sihlala ezweni elingumhlaba kusuka eCanada siye endaweni eseningizimu neNingizimu Melika. Amathafa, amahlathi, izindawo eziphakemeyo, amaxhaphozi - yonke indawo lapho ungahlangana khona nalaba bantu abahlaseli abahle. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, umbala wejazi lamakhorari nokudla kwawo kungahluka.

I-Mountain Lion (Cougar) omunye wabamele abakhulu bomndeni wekati, ngokobukhulu bungaphambi kwe-jaguar. Ubude obujwayelekile besilisa bekati leli cishe bubalelwa ku-100-180 cm, nokho, ezinye izilwane zifinyelela kumamitha amabili nengxenye ukusuka empini yakhala kuze kube seceleni lomsila. Emabeleni, ukuphakama kwawo kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-75 cm, umsila ubude bawo bubalelwa ku-70 cm. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-cougars besifazane mancane kuno-40% kunabesilisa.

Eduze neikhweyitha kuhlala abantu abancane kakhulu bezinyamazane, eduze nezigxobo kuba kukhulu kakhulu. Emzimbeni oqinile, omkhulu cougar cougars kunekhanda elincane elinamadlebe amancane. Kodwa-ke, njengabamele abamele izinyamazane eziningi, izilwane zinamaphiko anamandla ama-4 cm ubude, ongamelana nazo nesitha esiyingozi nokuphanga.

Imilenze yangemuva yesilwane imikhulu kakhulu kunangaphambili. Izibazi ezibukhali zitholakala ezinyaweni ezinkulu nezinabanzi, isilwane esingaziphindisela ngokuzithandela. Ngenxa yobunyoninco bayo, i-cougar ingagibela ngokuphelele noma yiziphi izihlahla, ihambe ezintabeni nasemadwala bese ibhukuda.

Umdlwenguli angenza ukweqa kuze kufike ku-120 cm ubude, ngaphezu kwamamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama, ebangeni elifushane ijubane lesilwane lingaba ngaphezu kwama-50 km ngehora. Umsila usiza ukugcina ibhalansi ngenkathi ugijima.

Ama-cougars akhuthele ikakhulukazi ebusuku nasekuseni kakhulu. Amabhubesi kuphela nama-cougars anombala ofanayo. Abantu abasenyakatho bampunga ngombala, abakhileyo ezindaweni ezishisayo babomvu.

Ingaphansi lomzimba wesilwane lilula ukwedlula okungenhla, isisu nesihlakala cishe kumhlophe, kepha umsila umnyama kakhulu. Ebusweni kunezimpawu ezimnyama. Uboya be-Predator bufushane, kepha bunzima futhi bukhulu.

Uhlamvu lwe-cougar nendlela yokuphila

Cougar Kungaba osebenza ubusuku nemini, kepha ngesikhathi sasemini ngokuvamile ukhetha ukuphumula, kuqala ukuzingela ngokuqala kobumnyama. IPuma iyisilwane esithulile, ungayizwa kakhulu, ikhala kakhulu ngenkathi yokuzalela.

Imvamisa, abameleli abakhulu be-feline bangahlasela umuntu, noma kunjalo, i-cougar, okuphambene nalokho, izama ukucasha. Ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka kuphela uma isilwane sizwa ingozi empilweni yaso.

I-Mountain Cougar unesineke esikhulu. Uma izithola isisicupheni, ilokhu izolile futhi izama ukuthola indlela yokuphuma kulesi simo. Uma ingatholakali, i-cougar ingahle iwele ku-stupor futhi ingahambi izinsuku eziningana.

Emvelweni, ama-cougars awanazitha. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kufanele bahlangane nebhere elinsundu kanye ne-wolf, eningizimu ene-jaguar, naseFlorida ene-allissator yaseMississippi. Izimpisi nama-jaguars kungaba yingozi empilweni yama-cougars asebekhulile noma amancane.

Umsoco

Ama-ungulates angukudla okuyinhloko kwama-cougars. I-Elk, inyamazane, i-caribou imenyu enkulu yesilwane. Kodwa-ke, i-cougar ayideleli inhlanzi, onogwaja, ama-squirrels, izingulube zasendle, ama-turkeys, ama-porcupines, amagundane, ama-alligator, amasele, ama-coyotes, ama-lynxes nezinye izingwe. Uma kunesidingo, ungajabulela iminenke noma ngisho nezinambuzane.

Isilwane esibekezelayo sifihlwe kahle futhi lapho sihlaselwa, isisulu asinaso isikhathi sokuphunyuka. Uma inyamazane inkulu, i-cougar isondela kuyo buthule, igxume iphule intamo yayo. Akadlali ngokudla; ​​uncamela ukuncipha ngokushesha.

Lokhu kusizwa yizikhafu namazinyo abukhali, adabula izicubu buthule futhi aphule amathambo. I-cougar iyakwazi ukubulala isilwane esinesisindo saso esidlula kathathu esaso. Cougar azingeli kuphela phezu komhlaba, kodwa futhi emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Uma ufuna isisulu ungahamba amabanga amade. Uma i-cougar ikwazile ukubulala isilwane esikhulu, umhlaseli angazidla isonto lonke. Uma ithuba liziveza, i-cougar ingahlasela izilwane ezifuywayo, amakati kanye nezinja.

Kulesi simo, imvamisa, kunezisulu eziningi kakhulu kunokuba umhlaseli edinga ukuzondla. Phakathi nonyaka, i-cougar eyodwa idla kusuka ku-800 kuya ku-1200 kg wenyama, cishe ama-50. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi i-cougar izingela yona kuphela futhi ayisoze yasidla isilwane esabulawa yilowo ancintisana naye.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Cougar - isilwane endle. Kepha, ngasikhathi sinye, imikhuba ye-cougar isezindlela eziningi ezifanayo nekati elijwayelekile lasekhaya. Ukuhlala wedwa kuthatha indawo yenkathi yokuzalela, engaqala ebusika nasentwasahlobo. Lokhu kungenxa ye-estrus ekhweni lowesifazane nowesimilo.

Njengomthetho, abesilisa abathuthukile ikakhulukazi banezindawo zabo ezinemingcele ecacile. Lezi zindawo zimakwe umchamo, indle kanye nezimpawu zozipho emithini yezihlahla. Kungaphakathi kwalemingcele lapho izibini zivama ukwakha.

Izilwane azishadi isikhathi esingaphansi komzuzu, kepha kunezinqubo ezinfika kweziyisishiyagalolunye ngehora. Imidlalo yokushada inodlame kakhulu futhi ihlala kuze kuphele amasonto amabili. Emva kwalokho, owesilisa ushiya isithandwa sakhe.

Ukukhulelwa kwe-cougar kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Ngokwesilinganiso kuzalwa ama-kittens angama-3-4. Amehlo ezinsizwa avuleka ngosuku lweshumi. Amazinyo okuqala aqala ukuvela nezindlebe zivuleke. Ngemuva kwamaviki ayi-6, abancane sebevele banambitha inyama.

Ukuzibandakanya nonina kuthatha iminyaka emibili, emva kwalokho ama-cougars asemncane aqala izimpilo zawo. Njengamakati amaningi alolu hlobo, i-cougar cougar ihlala iminyaka eyi-15. Ezindaweni zasekhaya nasezalwaneni, le nkathi inyuka yaba ngu-20.

Naphezu kokuzingela okuhlala njalo kwalaba bantu abazingelayo, akukho okusongela abantu babo. Namuhla thenga isigaxa Ungangena nge-Intanethi, lapho ungathola khona okunikezwayo okuningi.

Ukuhanjiswa kanye Nezinkampani Ezincane

Ngokomlando, i-puma ibilikhulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba eMelika. Ngisho namanje, ngokuya ngobude, i-puma iqhathaniswa (kusuka kumaphethini) kuphela ne-trot ejwayelekile, i-red trot, ikati lehlathi kanye nengwe. Ekuqaleni, ama-cougars atholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo ukusuka eningizimu yePatagonia kuya eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Alaska, indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwayo ihlangana ngokunembile nohlu lwenyamakazi yayo eyinhloko - inyamazane ehlukahlukene. Manje e-United States naseCanada, i-cougar ibilokhu igcinwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisezintabeni ezisentshonalanga. Empumalanga eNyakatho Melika, leli cougar laqothulwa ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwesibalo sabantu abancane ababodwa I-Puma concolor coryi eFlorida.

Njengamanje, indawo ye-puma ifinyelela kwi-100 ° latitude - ukusuka e-Yukon (eCanada) kuya eningizimu, kumboze cishe yonke iNingizimu Melika kuze kufike ePatagonia.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwanamuhla

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesimanje, okususelwa ocwaningweni lofuzo, kwehlukanisa imininingwane engu-6 yenkombiso, yona enamathiselwe amaqembu ayi-6 phylogeographic:

• I-Puma concolor couguar - ENyakatho Melika (kusuka eningizimu yeCanada kuye eGuatemala naseBelize),
• I-Puma concolor costaricensis - I-Central America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica nePanama),
• I-Puma concolor capricornensis - ingxenye esempumalanga yeNingizimu Melika (ukusuka ogwini oluseningizimu ye-Amazon eBrazil kuye eParaguay),
• Ikhonsoli ekhonswayo yePuma - Ingxenye eseNyakatho Melika (Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia),
• I-Puma concolor cabrerae - maphakathi neNingizimu Melika (empumalanga esenyakatho ne-Argentina, e-Uruguay),
• I-Puma concolor puma - Ingxenye eseningizimu yeSouth America (eChile, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeArgentina).

I-cougar yaseFlorida

• I-cougar yaseFlorida (I-Puma concolor coryi) Ingabe okungaxutshwe njalo kwe-cougar. Ubuningi bayo bemvelo ngonyaka we-2011 bebungaphezulu kwabangu-160 abantu (kwathi ngonyaka we-1970 kwehla kwaba ngabantu abangama-20). Ihlala emahlathini nasezigudwini eziseningizimu yeFlorida (USA), ikakhulukazi endaweni ebekelwe ukugcinwa.Ukulondolozwa Okukhulu Kwezwe. Isizathu sokuqothulwa kwayo ikakhulukazi kwakuwukudonswa kwamaxhaphozi, ukuzingela kwezemidlalo, ubuthi kanye nokushoda kwezinto zofuzo, okuholele ekuphakameni ngaphakathi. I-cougar yaseFlorida incane ngosayizi futhi inama-paws aphezulu. Umbala wejazi umnyama, ubomvu. Njengomphumela wokungeniswa ngaphakathi, abantu balokhu okubhalwe phansi bathola isipikili somsila. Kunezinhlelo zokunqamula ama-cougars e-Florida ngama-cougars wezinye izingxhaso zokwakha umphakathi ozinzile, oziholayo.

Enye imininingwane engaphansi kwe-East American, iWisconsin cougar (I-Puma concolor shorgeri), ushonile ngo-1925

Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo

AmaCougars atholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukene - ukusuka emathafeni kuya ezintabeni eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-4700 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, nasezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zezintaba: emahlathini ase-Mountain coniffort, emahlathini ashisayo, emathafeni otshani, emaphepheni, ezindaweni eziwugwadule futhi ngokujwayelekile kunoma iyiphi indawo enikezela banokudla okwanele nendawo yokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, eNingizimu Melika, ama-cougars azama ukugwema izindawo ezimanzi nezindawo eziphansi ezikhethwe yi-jaguars. Lezi zilwane zivumelaniswa kahle nokuphila endaweni enolaka. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yemilenze nemisipha yazo, iyakwazi ukugxuma ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-6 ubude nama-2,5 m ukuphakama, ukugijima ngejubane elingafika ku-50 km / h (albeit amabanga amafushane). IPuma ihamba kalula emithambekeni yezintaba, igibela ngokuphelele izihlahla namadwala futhi, uma kunesidingo, ibhukuda kahle.

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, i-cougar iyisilwane esithule kahle. Ukumemeza okukhulu, kufana nokukhala kwabantu, ukhipha kuphela isikhathi sokukhwelana.

AmaCougars aqala indlela yokuphila eyedwa (ngaphandle kwalokhu imibhangqwana ngezinsuku ezingama-1-6 zesikhathi sokuza komama omama abanezitwana). Ubuningi besibalo sabantu, ngokuya ngokutholakala komdlalo, kuyahlukahluka kumuntu ngamunye nge-85 km² ukuya kubantu abayi-13 km ngalinye. Indawo yokuzingela okwenziwe nge-cougar yowesifazane ithatha kusuka ku-26 kuye ku-350 km² futhi imvamisa itholakala emaphethelweni eduna. Iziza zamadoda zihlala ku-140 kuye ku-760 km² futhi azikaze zihlukane. Abesilisa abadala abavamile ukubonwa ndawonye, ​​ngaphandle kwama-cougars asanda kushiya umama wabo. Ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo saso, i-puma yenza ukunyakaza kwesizini, ubusika nokundiza ezingxenyeni zayo ezihlukile. Imingcele yensimu imakwe umchamo nezindunduma, kanye nokuklwebuka kwezihlahla.

IPuma izingela ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngokwengxenye enkulu yobubanzi bawo, ekudleni kwawo kuqukethe ikakhulukazi ukungathandeki: omnyama-onomsila, omhlophe-wethayela, i-pampas deer, wapiti (inyamazane ebomvu yaseMelika), i-moose, i-caribou, izilwane ezinemilenze eminyene nemfuyo. Kodwa-ke, i-cougar ingadla izilwane eziningi ezahlukahlukene - kusuka kumagundane, ama-squirrels, ama-uwezekano, onogwaja, ama-muskrats, ama-sloths, ama-agouti, izinkawu, ama-porcupins, ama-beaver aseCanada, ama-raccoon, ama-skunks nama-armadillos, ama-coyotes, ama-lynxes, ama-alligator kanye nezinye izigaxa. Ziphinde zidle izinyoni, inhlanzi, ngisho neminenke nezinambuzane. Njengamahlosi nezingwe, i-cougar ayenzi mehluko phakathi kwezilwane zasendle nezasekhaya, ukuhlasela imfuyo, izinja, amakati nezinkukhu lapho kuvela ithuba. Ngasikhathi sinye, uvame ukusika izilwane eziningi kunalokho angazidla. I-cougar ingahlasela izithiyo ezisencane, kanti kunobufakazi obuningi obuchazayo ngamacala e-cougars abulala izithiyo ezinkulu noma ama-grizzlies. U-Alfred Brem uchaza le kati njengesilwane esinamandla nesibindi.

Lapho izingela, i-puma imvamisa isebenzisa into ebabazekayo - ivele ibambe inyamazane enkulu, bese igxumela emhlane wayo bese isephula intamo yayo ngokusebenzisa isisindo somzimba wayo, noma, njengawo wonke amanye amakati, ibambe umphimbo wayo ngamazinyo ayo futhi iqale ukujaha. I-puma eyodwa idla ama-860-1300 kg enyama ngonyaka, okungukuthi cishe angama-48. Ama-cougars afihla inyama engonakalisiwe, ayidonse futhi alale ngamaqabunga, i-brashi noma iqhwa. Bbuyela ekuphangeni okufihliwe, kwesinye isikhathi okuphindaphindwayo. I-cougar iyakwazi ukuhudula isidumbu ibanga elide, okuphindwe kashlanu ngokulingana nesisindo saso. Izizwe zamaNdiya ezazihlala eningizimu yeCalifornia zisebenzisa lo mkhuba wepumas, zathatha izidumbu ezaziphelele noma ziqinile.

I-cougar ayinazitha zemvelo, kepha ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye zingaba yingozi ku-cougar: ama-jaguars, amaphakethe wezimpisi, ama-grizzlies, amabhere amnyama, izingwenya, ama-caimans amnyama nama-alligators amakhulu aseMississippi. Ama-grizzlies nezibhubhisi maqondana nesithelo se-cougar njengezinambuzane, ukuthatha ingxenye yephango

Ukuhlaselwa kwabantu

Ngokungafani namakati amaningi amakhulu e-feline, ama-cougars akavamile ukuhlasela abantu, ancamela ukuwagwema. Phakathi kuka-1890 noJanuwari 2004, kwabikwa ukuthi kwaba nokuhlasela okungaba yikhulu e-United States naseCanada, iningi labo okwenzeka e-Vancouver Island kuphela. Esikhathini esiningi izisulu zaziyizingane noma zimfushane, kanti lokhu kuhlaselwa kwenzeka kusihlwa noma ebusuku. Ama-cougars angaba ne-reflex yokuhlasela uma umuntu ehamba ngokushesha futhi eyedwa.

Isimo Sabantu Nokuvikelwa

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-cougars asebenza njengento yokuzingela futhi uhla lwawo luyancishiswa ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwendawo ezungezile, ama-subspecies amaningi ahlukene kakhulu, ngoba ama-cougars ajwayelana kalula nokuphila emazweni ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kucishe kwaqothulwa e-USA ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, manje inani lamaphaphu entshonalanga yaleli lizwe lifinyelela cishe abantu abangama-30,000 futhi liyaqhubeka nokuhlala empumalanga naseningizimu.

Izindlela ezintathu zokudla okwenziwe nge-cougar zibhalwe ku-CITES Isithasiselo I: I-Puma concolor coryi, I-Puma concolor costaricensis, I-Puma concolor couguar. Ukuzingela ama-pumas kuvunyelwe ezweni lonke noma kunqatshelwe, yize kusaqhubeka ukuqothulwa ngenxa yomonakalo owenziwe emfuyweni nasekuzingeleni.

Okuwukuphela kokubhaliselwe okusohlwini lohlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN enesimo "esimweni esibucayi" (zisengozini enkulu), Ingabe i-cougar yaseFlorida I-Puma concolor coryi.

Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi manje abanye abantu baqala ukuzithambisa ama-cougars njengezilwane ezifuywayo.

Isigaxa esimnyama

Emvelweni kukhona ama-cougars amhlophe, kanye nabantu abamnyama abansundu abatholakala eMelika.I-cougar emnyama - isilwane, kunalokho inganekwane. Ososayensi bathi i-puma emnyama ne-puma melanist emvelweni azikho.

Phambilini bekunemibiko yokutholakala kwama-pum melancts, ama-leucists, ama-albino. Imibiko yama-cougars amnyama yavela eNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi. I-cougar emnyama eyabulawa eCosta Rica ngo-1959 yaphenduka yaba nsundu, hhayi mnyama.

Kubikwa ukuthi kwaqoshwa isigaxa esimnyama eKentucky, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwavela ukuthi leliikati lalinomthunzi okhanyayo wesisu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi silwane sasingumbala onsundu onsundu.

E-Idaho, ekwindla ka-2007, kwadutshulwa isigaxa esinobuso obumnyama, umphimbo nesifuba. Ngemuva kwendlebe yakhe, wayenebala elimnyama, elalaziwa ngososayensi njengento eyindumezulu yomsindo oyingxenye. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni leli qiniso, i-cougar enabazali abadumile iyadingeka, iboshwe. Ngakho-ke, namuhla idatha yobukhona be-cougars abamnyama ayikaqinisekiswa.

Izici zangaphandle

IPuma isilwane, incazelo yaso etholakala kukho konke ukushicilelwa okunikelwe empilweni yezilwane ezidla izitha. Hhayi kuphela ongoti abanesifiso semikhuba yalawa madoda amahle, kodwa nabathandi bezilwane ezijwayelekile.

Enye yezilwane ezinkulu kakhulu ezidla inyama ezihlala e-United States namuhla yi-cougar. Isilwane silwesibili kuphela kosayizi bejaguar. Le kitty inobude bomzimba ofinyelela ku-180 cm, ibe nomsila ubude obungama-75 cm. Ukuphakama lapho kufinyelela kufinyelela ku-76 cm. Isisindo sowesilisa osekhulile cishe singama-105 kg. Abesifazane banciphile ngama-30% kunabesilisa.

IPuma isilwane esinemizimba eguquguqukayo nenobude, imilenze ephansi nekhanda elincane. Imilenze yangemuva inkulu kakhulu kunangaphambili. Umsila unemisipha, mude, futhi ngokulinganayo yi-pubescent.

Ama-paws abanzi, aphetha ngemisuka ebukhali engabuyiseki. Amaphinifa eminwe ayindilinga.

Ijazi nombala

I-Puma (isithombe sesilwane siyabonakala kuzo zonke izincwadi ezibhekiselelwa ngabahlaseli) inoboya obukhulu, obufushane nobumbala. Ama-cougars angamakati kuphela aseMelika anombala ofanayo.

Izilwane ezindala zinejazi eliphuzi noma elinombala onsundu. Kulokhu, uhlangothi olungaphansi lomzimba lukhanya kakhulu kuneliphezulu. Umbala we-pumas uyefana nombala wesilwane sabo esiphambili - inyamazane. Kunamamaki okukhanya okukhanyayo emqaleni, esifubeni nasesiswini, namabala amnyama emsipheni. Izindlebe zimnyama, umsila uphela ngentethe emnyama. Ama-cougars ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo abomvu, kanti abantu basenyakatho bangombala ngombala.

Emncane, ijazi likhulu kakhulu. Inemivimbo emnyama, amabala esihlakaleni nangaphambili, futhi nangamasongo emsileni.

Ukuzingela

UPuma ufuna inyamazane ebusuku. Ukudla kwakhe ikakhulukazi ukungathandeki - inyamazane, i-elk, ne-bighorn. Ngeke yenqabe ukufuya.

Kodwa-ke, i-cougar idla izilwane ezahlukahlukene - kusuka kuma-squirrels kanye namagundane kuya kuma-lynxes, coyotes ngisho nama-cougars. Ngokungafani izingwe kanye amahlosi, i-cougar ayenzi mehluko phakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo nezasendle, imvamisa ihlasela imfuyo, amakati, izinja. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibulala izidalwa eziphilayo eziningi kakhulu kunokuba zingadla.

Lapho zizingela, isigaxa sisebenzisa into eyisimanga - ifika inyamazane enkulu futhi ibanga eliseduze impela igxumela emhlane wesisulu sayo, iphule intamo. IPuma idla kuze kufike ku-1300 kg yenyama ngeminyaka. Izinyamazane zifihla izinsalela zezinyamazane, zimboze nge-brashi, amaqabunga noma iqhwa. Bangaphindela kulesi sitolo kaninginingi.

IPuma isilwane esiqine kakhulu futhi esiqinile esingahudula isidumbu ibanga elide, okuyinto ephindwe kahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa isisindo saso.

Emvelweni, i-cougar ayinazitha. Izitha ezinkulu kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile (grizzly, jaguars, wolves) ezihlasela abantu abasha nabagulayo.

Habitat

I-cougar yezilwane ijwayelekile kulo lonke elaseMelika. Eqinisweni, indawo ehlala kuyo i-cougar ihlangana nendawo yokuhlala kokudla kwayo okuyinhloko - inyamazane. Phambilini, lezi zilwane zabonwa zivela ezindaweni eziseningizimu yePatagonia zaya eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Alaska. Njengamanje, ikakhulukazi ama-cougars atholakala entshonalanga ye-United States naseCanada ezindaweni zezintaba. Futhi empumalanga baqothulwa ngokuphelele - yisibalo esincane kuphela esisindayo eFlorida kuphela.

Indlela yokuphila nemikhuba

I-Animal puma emnyama isilwane esidla izinyamazane. Ama-cougars ahlala yedwa. Kuphela kwesikhathi sokukhwelana thola umlingani. Kube sekuzwakala ukukhala okukhulu endaweni yonke, okukhombisa ukuthi sekudalelwe ngababili, futhi kungekudala kuzoba nezingane.

Indawo ekhethelwe ukuhlala kuyo iphawulwa umchamo eceleni kwemingcele ye-cougar, futhi ishiya ukuklwebheka kweziqu zezihlahla. AmaCougars ahlala kulezo zindawo lapho ukuzingela okuhle nendawo yokukhosela eyanele khona. Lawa ngamahlathi namathafa agqunywe ngotshani abade.

Ubuningi bokuphinda bafudukele ngqo kuncike "ekudleni" okwenzeka endaweni - isilinganiso samamitha ayi-80 skwele. km - izilwane ezi-1-12. Abesilisa bahlanganisa indawo yokuzingela yamamitha-skwele ayi-100-750. km, ngezindawo ezinabantu besifazane iziza ezincane - 30-300 sq. km Ububanzi bokuhamba buhamba ngesikhathi sonyaka. Izilwane zichitha isikhathi sasebusika nasehlobo ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Ama-cougars ahamba ayozingela kusihlwa, ngejubane lombani agibisela phansi inyamazane ngokugxuma okukodwa. Emini balala ezindaweni zokulala, kubhasikidi elangeni nasezinhlwaneni, njengawo wonke amakati, uboya.

Lezi zinyamazane zikhuphuka ngokweqile ezintabeni, zigibela amagatsha ezihlahla futhi zibhukuda kahle. Ubude begxuma le-cougar lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6, futhi ukuphakama - ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2. Ijubane lokuhamba lingama-50 km / h. I-cougar ingasusa inyamazane emazinyweni, isisindo saso esiphindwe kayisihlanu kunesayo.