Ngokwenganekwane yasendulo, unkulunkulu waseRoma wamahlathi nezinkambu uPeak waphendulwa waba yi-woodpecker yokwenqaba uthando lomthakathi uKirk. Wayeyindodana kaSaturn futhi engubaba kaFaun. Wayevame ukuboniswa eseyinsizwa ephethe izinkuni ekhanda kanye nenduku ezandleni zayo.

Inganekwane yamaRoma kaRemus noRomulus ithi impisi ibondla yona, kanti no-Woodpecker no-lapwick babanakekela.

Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezingama-300 zama-Woodpeckers ahlala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Australia neMadagascar. Futhi eza ngosayizi kusuka kundlunkulu kuya kukhokho.

Ama-Woodpeckers ahlukile ngombala, amanye amagama ama-Woodpeckers - amnyama, aluhlaza okotshani, amakhethini - akhombisa nje umbala wezinwele zawo.

Iningi lamapulangwe lisebenzisa isikhathi salo esiningi likhwela izihlahla. Behlela emhlabeni kuyaqabukela. Zide zilale, zilenga odongeni oluyisiyingi.

Engxenyeni yeRussia izinhlobo eziyi-13 zama-woodpeckers ahlala, okuvame kakhulu yi-woodpecker enkulu enamabala. Empeleni, kunguye ngqo ongabonakala epaki yedolobha, uma enokhuni olwanele. Ngihlangane naye engadini ye-botanical.

I-Woodpecker iyathakazelisa ngoba ayesabi futhi ingagijimisi ukundiza, kepha yona uqobo ibheka umuntu, ingayidedela ngokwanele. Futhi noma ngabe i-Woodpecker inokungabaza ngezinhloso zomuntu, kungenzeka ukuthi indize, kodwa iya kuphela ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesiqu. Izikhathi eziningana, lapho sibona i- Woodpecker, sisondela esiqwini, futhi ngokuthula waqhubeka nokufaka isando endaweni ekhethiwe esihlahleni.

IGreat Spotted Woodpecker, iDendrocopus enkulu, iyinyoni evela emndenini wokukhuphuka izinyoni ze-oda le-Woodpecker. Umzimba ophakeme wale Woodpecker ufinyelela ku-20-25 cm. "I-cap" ebomvu eboshwe ngokuqinile emhlane wekhanda labesilisa idonsela ukunaka ngokushesha. Ikhanda lezinsikazi limnyama, nenhloko yezinyoni ezincane ibomvu.

I-Woodpecker inombala obomvu ku-Woodpecker, kanti emuva, ikhanda, nadhweh nemivimbo evela emakhoneni omlomo imnyama nge-sheen eblue. Isifuba, amabala emahlombe nemivimbo emaphikweni amhlophe. Imilenze imfushane, nezinzipho ezinkulu eziqinile zashintshwa ukuze zibambe i-woodpecker esihlahleni kunoma yisiphi isikhundla. Uqhwaku olufushane lubukeka njengengulule, futhi luhunyushwa ngendlela efanelekile.

AbakwaWoodpeckers banolimi oluhehayo - olude, oluncane, olungena kunoma yimuphi umgodi. Ohlangothini ngalunye lolimi kunemihlandla emifushane emihlanu noma eyisithupha. Ngapha komhlathi ongaphansi, ezinhlangothini zombili kunezindlala ezimbili ezikhipha uketshezi olunamathelayo oluhlanganisa nolimi.

Umsila wale nyoni umise okwenziwe ngemishado, unezimpaphe eziqinile, kube sengathi unemikhawulo emaphethelweni, futhi uyasiza nokuhlala esiqwini.

Indiza phakathi kwabasebenza ngezinkuni ayichazi. Ngemuva kokujikisa kaningana, inyoni igoqa amaphiko ayo, inciphe bese iphakama futhi.

I-Woodpecker ayiculi, kwesinye isikhathi imemeza kuphela - ki-ki-ki. Umsindo omkhulu owenziwa yi-woodpecker yi-sigub roll, esidluliselwa kude ehlathini noma epaki.

I-Woodpecker ingaba sedentary noma nomadic. Ihlala lapho izihlahla ezinkulu zikhula khona, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ungahlala esigangeni nasengadini. Ukhetha izihlahla ngokhuni oluthambile, eziqwini zalo ezilungele ukudonsa isidleke.

Ama-Woodpeckers ahlala eyedwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala kuphela aqala ukundiza ngokulandelana, akha ngababili aze ahlangane emhlambini. Iduna lenza umsindo ophahlazekayo lapho liza mating, ligaxiza uqhwaku lwalo egatsheni elomile. Lo msindo ungena esikhundleni sengoma ye-Woodpecker.

Ukusuka entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ama-woodpeckers adla kakhulu izinambuzane zezinkuni nezibungu zazo, izimbungulu zezihlahla, izimbungulu, ukuqhekeza izingcezu zamagxolo, ukuvula amasheya ezinambuzane nokuzikhipha ngaphansi kwamagxolo ngolimi lwazo olude.

Kutholakala izingcezu ezifika ku-150 zamabhungane ayingozi esiswini se-motley Woodpecker's, okwenze ukulimala okungalawuleki emahlathini. I-Woodpeckers neMay bugs ziyabanjwa.

Ehlobo bathanda ukudla kuma-sitrobheli. Ebusika, ama-woodpeckers adla amajikijolo, imbewu ye-conifers, ancipha izigaxa ezivuthiwe zibe yizimbobo zeziqu zemithi futhi afake imilomo yazo. Ehlathini ungathola izigaxa kanye neziqu zembobo ezibunjiwe ezinezigaxa ezivaleleke emijondolo, ama-hazelnuts kanye nama-acorn. Bathi ama-woodpeckers aphuza i-birch sap entwasahlobo ... Kuyadabukisa ukuthi angikaze ngithole ithuba lokukubona lokhu. Futhi namanje izingodo zamapulangwe zithanda ukudla izintuthwane, kwesinye isikhathi zidla amaqanda ezinye izinyoni.

Ama-Woodpeckers esidlekeni ayizimbobo, azikhipha kuwo, akhetha i-aspen, i-alder ne-birch. Abakwa-Woodpeckers abavumeli abanye abesilisa ukuba bafinyelele lapho bezalela khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi idonsa kanzima ingaphandle kwensimu yayo njengowesilisa. Unyaka nonyaka, owesilisa ukhipha umgodi omusha, ahlukanise izingcezu aze afike ku-3-4 cm. Owesifazane naye uyamsiza. Kaningi, umgodi utholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2,5-5, ngesinye isikhathi ephansi noma ngaphezulu. Ukujula kwesigaxa kungafinyelela cm 30- 35. Isidleke sifakwe izingcezu ezincane zokhuni, slivers.

Enkabeni yeRussia, imvamisa ngoMeyi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-4-7 wombala omhlophe ngegobolondo elimenyezelayo. Zombili izidleke zesidoda neziduna, cishe izinsuku eziyi-12-16. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuvela amachwane angenasizo, aqale ngokuthula esidlekeni. Kodwa, lapho bekhula, baqala ukwenza umsindo omningi, bafuna ukudla, futhi bahehe ukunakwa, ngoba ukukhala kwabo kungazwakala ebangeni lamamitha ayi-100.

Bobabili abazali bondla amachwane. Amachwane eWoodpeckers aqhakaza kakhulu, futhi umama nobaba bandizela esixekweni bephethe inyamazane njalo ngemizuzu engama-3-4. Ngokusho kwababukeli, insikazi yondla amachwane kaningi kunowesilisa.

Indawo yokuzingela umbhangqwana wezinkuni ithatha cishe amahektha ayi-15, kuvela kuye ukuthi baqoqa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane emahlathini nasezivandeni. Amakati ahlala cishe amasonto amathathu ngqo esidlekeni.

Kamuva, amaphuphu, engazi ukuthi angandiza kanjani, azame ukukhamba esidlekeni. Engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, aqala ukundiza futhi azulazule ngezinyoni ezindala. Ababelethi basazondla amachwane asevele akwazi ukundiza inyanga. Futhi kamuva kuphela lapho izinyoni ezincane zaqala ukuzulazula zodwa.

Abakwa-Woodpeckers abasoze bafaka isando esihlahleni esiphilile, kuphela esonakele. Amahlathi anamava anakekela izihlahla ezigawulwa ama-woodpeckers ukuze azigawule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, i-Woodpecker enhle ebonakalayo ibhekwa njengokuhlelekile kwehlathi futhi ibonwa njengenye yezinyoni eziwusizo kakhulu.

Kepha ngokuvamile, wonke ama-woodpeckers awusizo. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi babhubhisa isibalo esikhulu sezinambuzane, baphinde banikeze izimbobo ezinyoni ezizidingayo, kepha azikwazi ukuzikhipha.

Ngendlela, uma ephusheni i-Woodpecker iphupha, khona-ke lokhu kuyiphathi elivisayo. Futhi uma ubona i-Woodpecker empeleni, lapho-ke udinga ukwenza isifiso esihlobene nentuthuko yomsebenzi noma ukutholwa kwanoma yini.

IGreater Spotted Woodpecker - ihlathi elikhulu lihlelekile

Ummeleli omkhulu womndeni wakwaDyatlov igobongo elikhulu elinamabala, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwemvelo kwehlathi kwezifunda zethu.

Ingatholakala emazweni aseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, futhi hhayi emahlathini aminyene kuphela, kodwa nasemapaki amadolobha noma ezingadini zabantu. Sizokhuluma ngezici ezibalulekile zokuziphatha, umjikelezo wempilo nezakhiwo ezihlukile esihlokweni sethu sanamuhla.

Ukubukeka

I-Great Spotted Woodpecker ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-25-36 ubude, kanti amaphiko ayo afinyelela amasentimitha angama-38-44. Isisindo somuntu omdala sidlula amagremu ayi-100, kepha ngesisekelo sokudla esihle, izinyoni zingathola amagremu esisindo angama-120-140. Akunakwenzeka ukudidanisa leli hlathi ngokuhlelekile nezinye izinyoni, ngoba umbala we-plumage oqondile nendlela ehlukile yokukhishwa kokudla izenza zizizwe. Igama "motley enkulu" lihlotshaniswa nosayizi omkhulu futhi umbala omnyama nomhlophe okhanyayo. Eduzane nomsila nangaphansi komsila, amathoni apinki noma abomvu angaba khona.

Owesilisa kusuka kowesifazane uhlukaniswa ubukhona bekhephu elibomvu emuva kwekhanda. Cishe bonke abantu abasha banayo. Izingxenye zenyoni, ezinjengezihlathi, ibunzi nesisu, zidwetshwe zimhlophe, yize zingahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokuphila.

Lapho sichaza izici zangaphandle zokhuni olukhulu olunamalebe, umuntu ngeke angazinaki umsila okhombe njengombala, enobude obujwayelekile kanye nokuqina okuqinile. Ngosizo lwayo, le nyoni iphumula ngesibindi esiqwini sesihlahla futhi ayinyibiliki.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu baseYurophu nabaseNyakatho Melika sifinyelela eminyakeni engu-9.

Ngendlela, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi bonke abamele umndeni wakwaDyatlov bangabezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinyoni ezingalokothi zihambe emhlabathini. Onemibala ehlelekile uchitha sonke isikhathi sakhe kungaba emthini noma esidlekeni.

I-Habitat ye-Great Spotted Woodpecker, imikhuba yokuphaka

I-Woodpecker enkulu ihlala engxenyeni enkulu yomhlaba futhi itholakala cishe kuzo zonke izifunda ezinemithombo eminingi yehlathi. Uyatholakala naseCanary Islands, naseKamchatka, naseJapan. Ezimweni eziningi, inyoni ithanda indlela yokuphila exazululiwe, noma kwesinye isikhathi yenza ukufuduka okuncane kuya ezifundeni ezingomakhelwane.

Le nyoni ayenzi izinto eziphezulu kule ndawo, ngakho-ke kulula kuye ukuhlomisa ikhaya lakhe endaweni eyihlane kanye nasepaki yedolobha elinabantu abaningi. Konke kuncike ekunikezelweni kokudla kanye nasezimeni zezulu.

Ngokuqondene nokudla, bese ingxenye eyinhloko yayo izinambuzane. Ngisho nezingane zesikole kanye nezingane ezincane ziyazi ukuthi i-Woodpecker iyindawo ehlelekile yezimbali zehlathi, ebhubhisa amakoloni amakhulu ezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, ezinjengokuthi:

Uma kungekho lokhu kudla okunempilo, inyoni ayinalo ithuba lokudla amantongomane, amajikijolo noma amakhowe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka kokudla kwezitshalo noma kwezilwane kuya ngesizini nezici zendawo. Kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa bafuna ukudla ezindaweni ezithile. Uma ukudla kungaphatheki kahle, izinyoni ziya kwezinye izingxenye zehlathi.

Ekudleni kwentwasahlobo-ehlobo kunezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene nezibungu zazo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekudleni kuvame ukuvela izimvemvane ezahlukahlukene nezintuthwane. Kwezinye izikhathi, le nyoni idla u-carrion, kwesinye isikhathi yonakalisa izidleke zezinye izingoma ezincane.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-Woodpecker enhle enamabala ine-dexterity emangalisayo, egcizelelwa yimivimbo engu-130 yemilomo ngomzuzu. Ngalesi ijubane, akukho silwanyana esisodwa esingaqashelwa.

Ithini i-Woodpecker enkulu enamabala ebusika nasekwindla?

Ngokuqala kokuphola okukhulu izinkukhu zithanda ukudla kwezitshalo, okuqukethe inani elikhulu lamaprotheni. Okukhona okuthandayo kufaka phakathi:

Izazi zesifo sezinhlungu ziyahlukanisa uhlelo oluhlukile lokukhipha imbewu kusuka ku-cones, esetshenziswa cishe zonke izinhlobo zama-Woodpeckers. Kodwa-ke, abamele i-motley Woodpecker enkulu bayilethe ekupheleleni kwangempela.

Okokuqala, inyoni idinga ukuthola uphayini, umsedari noma esinye isigaxa, futhi ngomlomo waso siyidlulisela endaweni eyayilungiselelwe ngaphambili, ebizwa ngokuthi i-anvil. Njengedivayisi efanayo, lowo onemikhonto usebenzisa isiqeshana noma isamba engxenyeni engenhla yesiqu.

Ngokushaya ngamandla komobe, i-woodpecker iphula isigaxa ibe yizicucu futhi iqale ukwenza ngokwecebo, ikhiphe imbewu encane ngokusula esikalini. Ngokulahlwa komuntu oyedwa okhulile kungaba ngama-anvil anjalo angama-50, noma kunjalo, ekusebenzeni, njengomthetho, kukhona amayunithi angama-2-3 kuphela. Ngalesi sizathu, ungamangali uma ubona izigaxa nezikali eziningi ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa.

Naphezu kokuba khona kwamaqiniso amaningi nezithombe, indlela yokuziphatha kwe-woodpecker ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kokudla yafundwa ngamaphesenti ambalwa kuphela. Siyethemba ukuthi ngokuzayo, isayensi izositshela izimfihlo ezintsha ezihlukile.

Lapho i-Woodpecker enkulu enamabala iqala inkathi yokuzalela. Izici Zokuhlwaya

Njengezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, abamele umndeni wakwaDyatlov bahlala bethembekile kakhulu kubalingani babo. Izinyoni ziyathandana futhi zithembekile emishadweni emangazayo. Bazohamba nowesifazane oyedwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe, bavikele izisulu nakwezinye izingozi ezilala ehlathini ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuthomba kokugcina kwenzeka eneminyaka eyodwa yonyaka. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngemuva kokuphumelela kokuzala, laba bobabili bangahlala bendawonye kuze kube isizini elandelayo. Noma zihluka okwesikhashana, bese zihlangana futhi entwasahlobo.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, izinyoni ziziphatha kahle kakhulu futhi ziyamangalisa. Izici zokuqala zesimilo sokuziphatha zibonakala kakade ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari nasekuqaleni kukaMashi. Abesilisa benza umsindo omkhulu, bamemeza futhi bakhombisa ulaka oluthile. Izinsikazi zihlala zingasebenzi kakhulu futhi zihlale zizolile. Maphakathi nenyanga yokugcina yentwasahlobo, imibhangqwana iqala ukushada.

Ukukhetha isihlahla sokuhlela isidleke kungumsebenzi wesilisa. Lezi zihlahla ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kukhwalithi yayo:

Into esemqoka ukuthi lolu hlobo luthambile, kepha alubolile.

Isici se-woodpecker enkulu enamabala atholakala emahlathini angavamile ukubeka isidleke konyaka. Uma lo mhlophe enohlonze ehlala ezindaweni ezihlangeneyo, ngokunokwenzeka, uzobuyela endaweni ahlala kuyo ngaphambili. Le nyoni inesimbobo esiphakeme ngamamitha ayi-6,5, okwenza umgodi esiqwini 25 cm amasentimitha ububanzi ka-10 cm.

Iduna lenza umsebenzi wokwakha, futhi lihlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili. Owesilisa kwesinye isikhathi uthathelwa indawo owesilisa futhi amsize ekwakhekeni kwesakhiwo.

Ukufakwa kweqanda kwenzeka maphakathi nentwasahlobo.imvamisa engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli. Ku-clutch kungaba ngamaqanda amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa ngegobolondo elimhlophe. Amaqanda amaqanda, njengabesifazane nabesilisa. Iduna lihlala phezu kwabo ebusuku ukuvikela isidleke kubazingeli. Isikhathi sokufakwa emzimbeni siphela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-12, lapho kuzalwa izidalwa ezingaboni, ezingenasizo.

Iziphi izingozi ababhekene nazo izinkuni?

Kungacatshangwa ukuthi i-Woodpecker ayinazitha, ngoba umlomo wayo onamandla uyisikhali esisebenza kahle kakhulu sokuzivikela nokuhlasela. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunjalo. Izinyoni ezidla inyama ngezikhathi ezithile zihlasela ama-Woodpeckers futhi zonakalise izidleke zazo. Phakathi kwazo:

Uma unaka izilwane ezidla zodwa emhlabeni, okuyingozi kuma-woodpeckers, kufanele afake phakathi i-marten ne-ermine. Ngisho namagundane amancane anjengama-squirrels kanye nama-vesvet anekhanda elibomvu (enye yezinhlobo zamalulwane) kungalimaza ubukhona obujwayelekile benyoni. Kaningi abaphangi bezinkuni bacindezelwa yizinkanyezi, ezihlala emigodini yazo.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesethi ethile yezimpawu ezitholwe izinkuni ngesikhathi senqubo ende yokuzivumelanisa nemvelo, izinyamazane eziningi azikwazi ukungena ezidlekeni. Izici eziphambili zokuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuphila zivezwe ngezansi.

• Ukuba khona kwezihlakala eziyishumi kuvumela inyoni ukuthi ihlale ngokuqiniseka esiqwini sezihlahla noma emagatsheni amancanyana,
• Ukuba khona komsila onzima onqenqemeni oluqondile kunika ukubambeka okuthembekile ngesigaxa, ngakho-ke i-Woodpecker ayishoni phansi ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwendle,
• Ukuba khona komlomo oqinile futhi omude kukuvumela ukuthi ubhoboze kahle amagxolo futhi uthole ukudla,
• Ulimi olude kakhulu futhi lunamathele lisebenza ukubamba izinambuzane ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kalula,

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Woodpecker emincane nelikhulu

• Izici zangaphandle. Abamele uhlobo oluncane banomucu omnyama ocashile esihlathini, ophazanyiswa ibala elimhlophe ngemuva kwekhanda. Kodwa-ke, abantu bakhona bantula i-pink noma obomvu obomvu ngokungaphansi, kepha kunesimbobo esibomvu esinomngcele omnyama ekhanda.
• Izinyoni zihlukaniswa uhlobo lwemisindo eyenziwe. Uhlobo lokuqala lwakha ingxenyana emfushane kakhulu, engahlala isikhathi eside kunemizuzwana engu-0.6 futhi ifaka kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-13 imivimbo. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili ngalesi sici kuyinkinga kakhulu, ngoba empeleni, le ngxenyana ifana nomsindo oqhubekayo. Noma kunjalo, ubuntwana bayo buyehla ngokushesha kakhulu futhi buyaphela enkangala. Abamele i-Woodpecker enkulu enamachashazi bayakwazi ukwenza ukushaywa okungu-130 ngomzuzu. Ngalesi sizathu, umsindo okhishwe ungamamitha amamitha kude. Ingxenyana yamapulangwe amancane ahlala afana nokuculwa kwezinyoni zezingoma.
• Usayizi we-Woodpecker omncane mncane: ubude ngamasentimitha ayi-14-15,
• Izinyoni ziyahlukahluka ekukhetheni kwazo kwendawo yokuhlala. I-Woodpecker encane iyathanda ukuhlala emahlathini aqobayo futhi axubile, eduze kwamachibi nezixhaphozi. Gwema ukushayisana okumnyama.

I-Woodpecker iyisakhamuzi sasehlathini esimangalisayo. Indima yayo yohlelo lokuphilisana kwendalo kukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunangqondo lapho ubuza lo mbuzo: "ingabe le nyoni ilusizo noma iphambene nalokho"?

Ukubonakala kwama-greenpecpecter

Ubude bomzimba be-Woodpecker eluhlaza buyi-33 - 26 cm, isisindo somzimba singu-150 - 250 g, kuthi amaphiko kube ngu-40 - 44 cm.

Amapayipi omzimba ophansi aluhlaza okotshani noma aluhlaza okotshani, anezinhlamvu ezihamba zibheke ngakwelinye icala. Isidumbu esiphezulu siqhakaza, luhlaza lomnqumo. Ukusuka ezinhlangothini zentamo nasekhanda, amapayipi ale nyoni nawo apendiwe ngamathoni aluhlaza.

Izimpaphe ezingxenyeni engenhla yekhanda nangemuva lekhanda zibomvu ngombala, obukeka njengesigqoko esincane ekhanda lenyoni. Ukugoqa amehlo nxazonke kwekhanda kupendiwe kumnyama. Kubukeka njengohlobo lwemaski kunomphunga wezihlathi eziluhlaza okomvu naphezulu okubomvu kwekhanda.

I-Woodpecker inomlomo ompunga, futhi isisekelo sezinto ezisebenzayo siphuzi. Iris imhlophe qwa.

Izipikili zidwetshwe ngemibala eluhlaza nphuzi. Ngaphansi komlomo kukhona imichilo yezimpaphe, efana namadevu.

I-demorphism yezocansi kuma-woodpeckers aluhlaza iveziwe buthaka, futhi iqukethe umbala ohlukile "wamadevu". Kwabesifazane lezi "zinwele" zimnyama, futhi kwabesilisa kubomvu ngokugquma okumnyama. Kubantu abasebasha, "amadevu" awakakhiwa nakancane, kepha ku-plumage kunezivamvo ezivame ukwenziwa.

IGreen Woodpecker (i-Picus viridis).

Green Woodpecker Habitat

Lolu hlobo lwama-Woodpeckers luhlala entshonalanga yezwekazi lase-Euro ukusuka eTurkmenistan, enyakatho ye-Iran, amazwe aseTranscaucasia kanye nogu lweMedithera lwaseTurkey eningizimu kuya engxenyeni eseningizimu yeScandinavia naseScotland enyakatho. Ensimini yeRussian Federation, umngcele osenyakatho wendawo uhlala empumalanga, iVolga River Valley, bese kuthi entshonalanga u-58 ° N. w.

, Ichibi iLadoga kanye nogu oluseningizimu yeGulf of Finland. Izidleke ze-woodpecker eluhlaza e-Ukraine ziphawulwa entshonalanga, nase Polesie, kanye nangezikhathi ezithile emifuleni ephansi ye-Dniester ne-Danube. EYurophu, ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ebangeni elingaphesheya kwezwekazi, le nyoni ayitholakali kuphela eziqhingini ezithile zoLwandle iMedithera, eziqhingini zaseMacaronesia, kanye nasempumalanga nasenyakatho ye-Ireland.

Le Woodpecker ihlukaniswa kalula umbala wombala oluhlaza okomzimba ophezulu.

Green Woodpecker Habitats

Le nyoni ihlala, njengomthetho, amapaki, izingadi kanye namahlathi abanzi. Akuvamile ukutholakala emahlathini ama-coniferous noma ahlanganisiwe. Ihlala ikakhulukazi kumathafa angavulekile.

Izindawo zokuhlala ezithandekayo zingamahlathi alally, ihlathi le-oki elinezikhukhula nemingcele yezifufula zamahlathi. IGoodpecker eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka imvamisa ingatholakala emaphepheni, emaphethelweni amahlathi, ezindaweni eziqhingini zamahlathi. Enye yezimo eziphambili zokudla isidleke sokhuni oluhlaza wukubakhona kwezintuthwane ezinkulu zobumba eziseduzane, njengoba ukhuni udla izintuthwane.

Njengondlunkulu wasendlini, ukhuni oluhlaza olugxuma luwela endaweni enzima.

Inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wale nyoni lizokuwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho isikhathi sokuzalelana sesidlulela ku-woodpeckers. Ngalesi sikhathi, le nyoni izinika ukukhala okukhulu nezindiza ezindizayo. I-Woodpecker eluhlaza ihola indlela yokuphila yokuhlala isikhathi eside, futhi uma izulazula, ibanga elingaphezu kwamabanga amafushane. EWestern Alps ihlala endaweni ephakeme efika ku-2100 m, e-Eastern Alps aze afike ku-1500 m, naseCaucasus aze afike ku-3000 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.

I-Green Woodpecker Eating

Le Woodpecker ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ngoba imvamisa ithola ukudla hhayi ezihlahleni, kodwa ebusweni bomhlaba. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukunambitheka okuthandwa kakhulu kwe-Woodpecker eluhlaza okotshani okuyi-pupae yezintuthwane nezintuthwane uqobo lwazo. Le nyoni ibakhipha e-anthill ngolimi olunamathele olude, ubude balo bushiye cishe u-10 cm.

Ekudleni kwe-woodpecker eluhlaza, indawo yokuqala ithathwa izintuthwane zehlathi elibomvu. Le nyoni idla nezinye izintuthwane zohlobo lweLasius noForica.

Inyoni ezinzile, ihlala ezindaweni ezinamapulangwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezinezihlahla eziqinile kanye nezikhala ezivulekile eduzane.

Ngaphezu kwezintuthwane, i-woodpecker idla nezinyosi, azibambe eduze kwezinyosi noma ngamabhodi alengiswe ehlathini. Futhi, inyoni idla iminenke, izibungu zezinambuzane, izibungu zamapulangwe, imihlokomo yasemhlabeni. Kwesinye isikhathi i-woodpecker izingela izilobe ezihlukahlukene ezimbalwa. Isabelo esincanyana kakhulu ekudleni kwezinkukhu senziwa ngokudla kwezitshalo, njengembewu, amajikijolo, ama-mulberry, ama-cherries, ama-cherries, amagilebhisi, ithini lamapheya, izihlahla zama-apula kanye nama-Persimmons.

Ebusika, lapho izintuthwane zijula ​​ngaphansi komhlaba, futhi ingaphezulu lomhlabathi limbozwe ungqimba lweqhwa, abakwa-Woodpeckers abuluhlaza bmba imisele ebanzi impela lapho bafuna ukudla. Futhi ngenkathi ebandayo, le nyoni iyaseshela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezifihliwe izinambuzane ezilala kuzo. Kokudla kwezitshalo ngalesi sikhathi, i-woodpecker idla izithelo ze-berry yew nomlotha ovamile wezintaba.

Ngenxa yokunamathiselwa kwe-Woodpecker eluhlaza endaweni ethile yokuzalanisa, izinyoni ezifanayo zivame ukuhlangana eminyakeni elandelayo.

Ukuzalela i-woodpecker eluhlaza

Ama-Woodpeckers alezi zinhlobo ayizinto monogamous. Baqala ukwanda ngokuphela konyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Kakade ngoFebhuwari, izinyoni zikhombisa izimpawu zokuqala zenjabulo yokuvuthwa.

Isikhathi sokukhwelana sithatha cishe yonke intwasahlobo futhi siphela maphakathi noMeyi. Inani eliphakeme lemicimbi yezocansi livela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu baziphatha ngentshiseko nangomdlandla. Bahlala bakhala kakhulu besuka egatsheni baye kwelinye. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, ukuguga kubhekwa ekuseni, futhi kusondele ukuphela kwayo - kusihlwa.

Noma kwenziwa ukuthintana okunomsindo phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa, ukucula akuyeki. Lapho sesihlangane, izinyoni ziqale zilandelane, bese zihlala eceleni kwazo zithinte imilomo yazo zinikine amakhanda. Lapho bobabili sebakhiwa, isiko lokondla insikazi liqala ukwenzeka, kuthi emva kwalokho ukwanda kwenzeke.

Izimbambo zamafomu we-Woodpeckers aluhlaza wesizini eyodwa, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokunamathiselwa kwazo endaweni ethile yokwakha isidleke, kuba nezimo njalo lapho owesilisa nowesifazane bephinda behlangana.

Izinyoni zensizwa ziqala ukujaha zilandelana, ziphinde zihlangane, zithinte imilomo yazo, bese ngokwesilisa zondla owesifazana, ovame ukwandulela ukuzilandelwa.

IGreen Woodpecker Nest

Isidleke se-Woodpecker eluhlaza sihlela, njengomthetho, esigodini esidala. Isikebhe esifanayo singasetshenziswa njengesidleke iminyaka eminingi ilandelana, hhayi ngempela izinyoni ezifanayo.

Isidleke esisha esivame ukwakhiwa singabi ngaphezu kwama-500 m ukusuka esidala. Ukwakhiwa komgodi omusha kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-14 kuye kwezingama-30. Imvamisa, isidleke esinjalo sisekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-2 kuya kwayi-12 ngaphezu komhlaba endaweni yokuluma eceleni noma isiqu somuthi onomgogodla obolile noma nomuthi ofile. Kwama-hole, izihlahla ezine-softwood, ezinjengewillow, i-aspen, i-popula, i-birch ne-beech, zivame ukukhethwa kakhulu.

ILetok inesimo esime mpo noma esiyindilinga. Ububanzi besibaya buyi-15 - 18 cm, futhi ukujula kwawo kusuka ku-30 ​​kuye ku-50 cm. Ungqimba olukhulu lokhuni lusebenza njengodoti esidlekeni. Owesilisa ukhala imbobo esikhathini esiningi, kodwa-ke, owesimame naye ubamba iqhaza kule nqubo.

Ngisho nasebusika, ama-woodpeckers aluhlaza akancami ukushiya insimu, asuke endaweni yokuchitha ubusuku amakhilomitha ambalwa.

Isithombo sokhuni oluhlaza okotshani

Isikhathi sokubekwa kwamaqanda sincike endaweni yokuhlala yesiza esidlekayo. Le nqubo ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zobubanzi ivela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni. Engxenyeni enkulu yeRussian Federation, i-fempecwood eluhlaza yabesifazane ifaka uMeyi, okuwusuku olufike sekwephuzile phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zama-Woodpeckers. Ku-clutch eyodwa, amaqanda ama-5 kuya kwayi-8 akhona, yize kwesinye isikhathi eyi-11. Igobolondo elimhlophe qhwa lamaqanda linokuma oblong.

Ukubamba kuqala ngemuva kokubekwa kweqanda lokuqala. Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesinye isikhathi sithatha izinsuku eziyi-14 kuye kwezingu-17. Bobabili abazali babamba iqhaza ekufukameni. Izinyoni zihlala kubumbano "emashibhini", zinamahora angama-1.5 kuye kwayi-2,5. Lapho umenzi efa, insikazi ingaphinde ibeke amaqanda, kepha kulokhu idinga indawo entsha.

Ama-woodpeckers aluhlaza asuthisa amantshontsho ngokudla okugaywe ngogqinsi, akufafaza ngqo emilonyeni yawo.

Imikhaza iphuma emaqanda ngasikhathi sinye. Ama-woodpeckers asanda kuzalwa awanawo nhlobo u-plumage. Ekondleni nasekunakekeleni amathole, insikazi nowesilisa bahlanganyela emigomeni elinganayo.

Kusukela esikhathini sokubopha kokuqala kuze kube yilapho inzalo isuka esidlekeni, izinyoni ziziphatha ngokucashile futhi ngokucophelela zizungeze umgodi. Amakati aqala ukuphuma esidlekeni eneminyaka engaba ngamasonto amane. Ekuqaleni bamane bawele phansi esihlahleni, bese benza izindiza ezimfushane, kodwa babuyele esidlekeni. Ngemuva kokuba inzalo ifunde ukundiza, ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-2. Iqembu lokuqala lilandela owesilisa, bese owesibili elandela lowesifazane. Cishe izinyanga ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2, ukukhula okuncane kugcinwa eduze kwabazali, emva kwalokho kuhlakazeke bese kuqala ukuphila impilo yokuzimela.

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IGreater Spotted Woodpecker - ihlathi elikhulu lihlelekile

Njalo ngonyaka, isayensi iya ezingeni elisha, futhi izimfihlo eziningi ezingasombululwanga zivulelwa yibo bonke osomahlaya. Uma sikhuluma ngomhlaba wezinyoni, awukaqondakali ngokuphelele, nokuthi isabelo sebhubesi lezimfihlo selifihlekile kubantu. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-ornithologists nososayensi banaka kakhulu ukutadisha kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni, kufaka phakathi izinkuni.

Namuhla, lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zitholakala cishe yonke indawo lapho kukhona khona ihlathi nezihlahla. Emvelweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezinemfanelo yazo nezakhiwo ezihlukile.

UWoodpecker - umhlengikazi wehlathi

Ngokwenganekwane yasendulo, unkulunkulu waseRoma wamahlathi nezinkambu uPeak waphendulwa waba yi-woodpecker yokwenqaba uthando lomthakathi uKirk. Wayeyindodana kaSaturn futhi engubaba kaFaun. Wayevame ukuboniswa eseyinsizwa ephethe izinkuni ekhanda kanye nenduku ezandleni zayo.

Inganekwane yamaRoma kaRemus noRomulus ithi impisi ibondla yona, kanti no-Woodpecker no-lapwick babanakekela.

Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo ezingama-300 zama-Woodpeckers ahlala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Australia neMadagascar. Futhi eza ngosayizi kusuka kundlunkulu kuya kukhokho.

Ama-Woodpeckers ahlukile ngombala, amanye amagama ama-Woodpeckers - amnyama, aluhlaza okotshani, amakhethini - akhombisa nje umbala wezinwele zawo.

Iningi lamapulangwe lisebenzisa isikhathi salo esiningi likhwela izihlahla. Behlela emhlabeni kuyaqabukela. Zide zilale, zilenga odongeni oluyisiyingi.

Engxenyeni yeRussia izinhlobo eziyi-13 zama-woodpeckers ahlala, okuvame kakhulu yi-woodpecker enkulu enamabala. Empeleni, kunguye ngqo ongabonakala epaki yedolobha, uma enokhuni olwanele. Ngihlangane naye engadini ye-botanical.

I-Woodpecker iyathakazelisa ngoba ayesabi futhi ingagijimisi ukundiza, kepha yona uqobo ibheka umuntu, ingayidedela ngokwanele. Futhi noma ngabe i-Woodpecker inokungabaza ngezinhloso zomuntu, kungenzeka ukuthi indize, kodwa iya kuphela ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesiqu. Izikhathi eziningana, lapho sibona i- Woodpecker, sisondela esiqwini, futhi ngokuthula waqhubeka nokufaka isando endaweni ekhethiwe esihlahleni.

IGreat Spotted Woodpecker, iDendrocopus enkulu, iyinyoni evela emndenini wokukhuphuka izinyoni ze-oda le-Woodpecker. Umzimba ophakeme wale Woodpecker ufinyelela ku-20-25 cm. "I-cap" ebomvu eboshwe ngokuqinile emhlane wekhanda labesilisa idonsela ukunaka ngokushesha. Ikhanda lezinsikazi limnyama, nenhloko yezinyoni ezincane ibomvu.

I-Woodpecker inombala obomvu ku-Woodpecker, kanti emuva, ikhanda, nadhweh nemivimbo evela emakhoneni omlomo imnyama nge-sheen eblue. Isifuba, amabala emahlombe nemivimbo emaphikweni amhlophe. Imilenze imfushane, nezinzipho ezinkulu eziqinile zashintshwa ukuze zibambe i-woodpecker esihlahleni kunoma yisiphi isikhundla. Uqhwaku olufushane lubukeka njengengulule, futhi luhunyushwa ngendlela efanelekile.

AbakwaWoodpeckers banolimi oluhehayo - olude, oluncane, olungena kunoma yimuphi umgodi. Ohlangothini ngalunye lolimi kunemihlandla emifushane emihlanu noma eyisithupha. Ngapha komhlathi ongaphansi, ezinhlangothini zombili kunezindlala ezimbili ezikhipha uketshezi olunamathelayo oluhlanganisa nolimi.

Umsila wale nyoni umise okwenziwe ngemishado, unezimpaphe eziqinile, kube sengathi unemikhawulo emaphethelweni, futhi uyasiza nokuhlala esiqwini.

Indiza phakathi kwabasebenza ngezinkuni ayichazi. Ngemuva kokujikisa kaningana, inyoni igoqa amaphiko ayo, inciphe bese iphakama futhi.

I-Woodpecker ayiculi, kwesinye isikhathi imemeza kuphela - ki-ki-ki. Umsindo omkhulu owenziwa yi-woodpecker yi-sigub roll, esidluliselwa kude ehlathini noma epaki.

I-Woodpecker ingaba sedentary noma nomadic. Ihlala lapho izihlahla ezinkulu zikhula khona, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ungahlala esigangeni nasengadini. Ukhetha izihlahla ngokhuni oluthambile, eziqwini zalo ezilungele ukudonsa isidleke.

Ama-Woodpeckers ahlala eyedwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala kuphela aqala ukundiza ngokulandelana, akha ngababili aze ahlangane emhlambini. Iduna lenza umsindo ophahlazekayo lapho liza mating, ligaxiza uqhwaku lwalo egatsheni elomile. Lo msindo ungena esikhundleni sengoma ye-Woodpecker.

Ukusuka entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ama-woodpeckers adla kakhulu izinambuzane zezinkuni nezibungu zazo, izimbungulu zezihlahla, izimbungulu, ukuqhekeza izingcezu zamagxolo, ukuvula amasheya ezinambuzane nokuzikhipha ngaphansi kwamagxolo ngolimi lwazo olude.

Kutholakala izingcezu ezifika ku-150 zamabhungane ayingozi esiswini se-motley Woodpecker's, okwenze ukulimala okungalawuleki emahlathini. I-Woodpeckers neMay bugs ziyabanjwa.

Ehlobo bathanda ukudla kuma-sitrobheli. Ebusika, ama-woodpeckers adla amajikijolo, imbewu ye-conifers, ancipha izigaxa ezivuthiwe zibe yizimbobo zeziqu zemithi futhi afake imilomo yazo. Ehlathini ungathola izigaxa kanye neziqu zembobo ezibunjiwe ezinezigaxa ezivaleleke emijondolo, ama-hazelnuts kanye nama-acorn. Bathi ama-woodpeckers aphuza i-birch sap entwasahlobo ... Kuyadabukisa ukuthi angikaze ngithole ithuba lokukubona lokhu. Futhi namanje izingodo zamapulangwe zithanda ukudla izintuthwane, kwesinye isikhathi zidla amaqanda ezinye izinyoni.

Ama-Woodpeckers esidlekeni ayizimbobo, azikhipha kuwo, akhetha i-aspen, i-alder ne-birch. Abakwa-Woodpeckers abavumeli abanye abesilisa ukuba bafinyelele lapho bezalela khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi idonsa kanzima ingaphandle kwensimu yayo njengowesilisa. Unyaka nonyaka, owesilisa ukhipha umgodi omusha, ahlukanise izingcezu aze afike ku-3-4 cm. Owesifazane naye uyamsiza. Kaningi, umgodi utholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2,5-5, ngesinye isikhathi ephansi noma ngaphezulu. Ukujula kwesigaxa kungafinyelela cm 30- 35. Isidleke sifakwe izingcezu ezincane zokhuni, slivers.

Enkabeni yeRussia, imvamisa ngoMeyi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-4-7 wombala omhlophe ngegobolondo elimenyezelayo. Zombili izidleke zesidoda neziduna, cishe izinsuku eziyi-12-16. Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuvela amachwane angenasizo, aqale ngokuthula esidlekeni. Kodwa, lapho bekhula, baqala ukwenza umsindo omningi, bafuna ukudla, futhi bahehe ukunakwa, ngoba ukukhala kwabo kungazwakala ebangeni lamamitha ayi-100.

Bobabili abazali bondla amachwane. Amachwane eWoodpeckers aqhakaza kakhulu, futhi umama nobaba bandizela esixekweni bephethe inyamazane njalo ngemizuzu engama-3-4. Ngokusho kwababukeli, insikazi yondla amachwane kaningi kunowesilisa.

Indawo yokuzingela umbhangqwana wezinkuni ithatha cishe amahektha ayi-15, kuvela kuye ukuthi baqoqa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane emahlathini nasezivandeni. Amakati ahlala cishe amasonto amathathu ngqo esidlekeni.

Kamuva, amaphuphu, engazi ukuthi angandiza kanjani, azame ukukhamba esidlekeni. Engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, aqala ukundiza futhi azulazule ngezinyoni ezindala. Ababelethi basazondla amachwane asevele akwazi ukundiza inyanga. Futhi kamuva kuphela lapho izinyoni ezincane zaqala ukuzulazula zodwa.

Abakwa-Woodpeckers abasoze bafaka isando esihlahleni esiphilile, kuphela esonakele. Amahlathi anamava anakekela izihlahla ezigawulwa ama-woodpeckers ukuze azigawule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, i-Woodpecker enhle ebonakalayo ibhekwa njengokuhlelekile kwehlathi futhi ibonwa njengenye yezinyoni eziwusizo kakhulu.

Kepha ngokuvamile, wonke ama-woodpeckers awusizo. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi babhubhisa isibalo esikhulu sezinambuzane, baphinde banikeze izimbobo ezinyoni ezizidingayo, kepha azikwazi ukuzikhipha.

Ngendlela, uma ephusheni i-Woodpecker iphupha, khona-ke lokhu kuyiphathi elivisayo. Futhi uma ubona i-Woodpecker empeleni, lapho-ke udinga ukwenza isifiso esihlobene nentuthuko yomsebenzi noma ukutholwa kwanoma yini.

Inyoni eluhlaza okotshani. Indlela yokuphila ye-greenpecpecker kanye nendawo yokuhlala

Phakathi kwama-Woodpeckers kukhona omunye wabamele abakhulu kunabo bonke ngasikhathi sinye abafowethu baseYurophu, eshaya ngombala wethala lakhe greenpecpecker.

Ukuthi usehlathini kufakazelwa ukucula kwakhe okukhulu nezimbobo ezinkulu ezihlahleni, inyoni eziyikhipha ngomlomo wayo. Ukuze uthole izimbobo ezinjalo, uqhwaku kufanele lube namandla futhi lubukhali ngokwanele.

Ngokwezinga elikhulu inyoni eluhlaza okotshani uthanda ukucula ehlathini ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Sonke besinesikhathi eside siwazi umsindo walezi zinyoni. Kepha bambalwa bayazi ukuthi ngalokhu kungqongqoza bayaxhumana bodwa. Imisindo yabakwa-Woodpeckers abangqongqoza phakathi nesikhathi sokuzala iya ngokwanda.

Ukuze imisindo icace futhi ibe yizwi eliphakeme, izingcwethi zokhuni zishaya ngemilomo yazo eqinile emagatsheni ezihlahla ezomile. Le milomo isiza izinyoni ukuba zizitholele ukudla ebusika, ezijulile ngaphansi kwesithwathwa seqhwa.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala ye-Woodpecker eluhlaza

I-Woodpecker eluhlaza ingeyamalungu omndeni we-Woodpeckers kanye nokulandelana kwama-woodpeckers. Ngokuqondene Izincazelo ze-Woodpecker eluhlaza, khona-ke ubude benyoni ifinyelela ku-25-35 cm, isisindo sayo esimaphakathi sisuka ku-150 siye ku-250 g kuthi amaphiko kube ngu-40-45 cm.

Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinyoni umbala weplamu, wonke ngemibala eluhlaza. Ingaphezulu labo lingumnqumo kakhudlwana, kanti ingxenye engezansi yomzimba iluhlaza okotshani. Ngaphezulu kwekhanda nangemuva kwekhanda, izimpaphe ezibomvu ezifana nesigqoko ziyashaywa.

Izimpaphe ezingaphambili ezizungeze uqhwayi namehlo zipendwe zimnyama. Uqhwaku lwenyoni ngimpunga, futhi amandla alo aphuzi. I-iris inombala ophuzi-omhlophe. Endaweni ngaphansi komlomo, kutholakala izimpaphe ezinjengamadevu.

Ngosizo lombala wabo ungahlukanisa oluhlaza oluhlaza okotshani kusukela kowesilisa. Kwabesifazane, izintuthwane zimnyama, emadodeni, umbala omnyama uxutshwe obomvu. Kuneminwe emine ezinyaweni ze-woodpecker, ezimbili ziqondiswa phambili kuthi ezimbili emuva. Basiza ukugcina inyoni iqonde esihlahleni. Kulokhu, umsila uyi-woodpecker eluhlaza, enezimpaphe ezinzima.

Use isithombe luhlaza okotshani ihlangana nesithombe sehlathi. Kuvele kuphela i-hood yakhe encane ebomvu, egqamile futhi iyamangaza. Ngenxa yokubonga lokhu kuphela inyoni ibonakala ngemibala eluhlaza ihlathi.

INtshonalanga yezwekazi lase-Europe, i-Northern Iran, iTranscaucasia, iTurkey, iScandinavia, eScotland - lezi yizindawo lapho ungahlangana khona nale nyoni. Kukhona naseRussia, e-Ukraine. Ezinye iziqhingi zoLwandle iMedithera, iMacaronesia kanye ne-Ireland futhi yizindawo eziyintandokazi zama-Woodpeckers aluhlaza.

Lezi zinyoni zithanda ukuhlala emapaki, izingadi kanye namahlathi amakhulu. Amahlathi ahlanganayo futhi axuthiwe awafani nokunambitheka kwawo. Ama-woodpeckers aluhlaza atholakala kakhulu endaweni evulekile, emahlathini alder, emahlathini e-oki, ezigodini ezihlala emngceleni.

Izikhala, imiphetho yamahlathi kanye neziqhingi zamahlathi - lezi yizindawo lapho, ezimeni ezivame kakhulu, umuntu angahlangana nalezi zinyoni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ye-Woodpecker eluhlaza ngesikhathi sokudlela ubukhona bezintuthwane ezinkulu, ngoba izintuthwane ziyintandokazi yazo engathandeki.

Ama-Woodpeckers amaningi asebenzayo aluhlaza abe yisikhathi sokuzala. Ihlala iwa ekuqaleni kwesizini yasentwasahlobo. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho uvame kakhulu ukuzwa izwi le-Woodpecker eluhlaza ehambisana nokukhala ngezikhathi nezindiza ezindizayo. Lokhu kuyinyoni ezinzile. Uma ngolunye usuku engahle aphoqeleke ukuthutha, khona-ke kuphela amabanga amancanyana kakhulu.

Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila ye-Woodpecker eluhlaza

Ungazindla ngalezi zinyoni unyaka wonke. Uthanda ukuhlala ezihlahleni ezinde kakhulu emapaki, kepha ungambona esethangeni. Ebusika, ama-woodpeckers aluhlaza angathuthela ezindaweni ezivulekile.

Hhayi sonke isikhathi lapho lezi zinyoni zichitha esihlahleni. Ezimweni ezivame ukuwa, ziwela phansi ukuze ziqhume udoti wehlathi bese zizifunela ukudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zigawula kalula iziqu ezibolile futhi zonakalise izindatshana ezinkulu ngomgomo ofanayo ukuze zizitholele ukudla.

Le nyoni iboniswa ukwesaba okukhulu nokuqapha, ngakho-ke cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyibona eduze kwayo. Uzwa kuphela, kaningi entwasahlobo. Bancamela ukuhola impilo efihliwe, ikakhulukazi uma kunezingane esidlekeni.

Ama-woodpeckers aluhlaza ahamba ngokugxuma nangokundiza. Ama-Woodpeckers aluhlaza akhetha indlela yokuphila eyedwa. Bakha i-pair kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzalela kanye nokuvuthwa kwenzalo yabo.

Izidleke zezinyoni zenziwa ezihlahleni ezindala, futhi zihlala kuzo isikhathi eside. Uma banesifiso sokushintsha indawo abahlala kuyo, khona-ke isidleke esisha asikho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-500 ukusuka esidala.

Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe inyanga ukwakha ikhaya labasebenza izinkuni. Isigaxa sale nyoni singabonakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2 kuya kwayi-12 ku-willow, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, popula, birch kanye ne-beech. Izinyoni zindiza ngamaza, zishaya amaphiko azo lapho zihamba.

Ngenxa yempilo yabantu abagawula amahlathi futhi basebenzise i-pesticides, isibalo salezi zinyoni sehliswa kakhulu, ngakho-ke greenpecpecker ohlwini Incwadi ebomvu.

Ukuzalela nokuphila isikhathi eside kwe-Woodpecker eluhlaza

Kuyathakazelisa ukubuka lezi zinyoni ngenkathi yokukhwelana, lapho kwakheka amawele wazo. Lapho kufika intwasahlobo ehlathini ungayizwa ikhala izwi eluhlaza okotshani. Ngakho-ke, bazama ukuheha ukunakwa kwabesifazane abathandayo.

Ukucula kuwela ngoMashi-Ephreli. Owesifazane, owaba nesithakazelo, naye uqala ukucula izingoma zakhe ephendula. Ngalesi sikhathi sokushaya, umbhangqwana uyandizela kancane.

Lapho behlangana, batholakala egatsheni eliseduze komunye nomunye futhi baqala ukuthinta imilomo yabo. Kusukela ohlangothini, ukwanga okunjalo kwezinyoni kubukeka kumnandi nje futhi kunothando. Konke lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kwakhiwa izinyoni ezimbili. Isinyathelo esilandelayo sabathandi bobabili ukuthola ikhaya kubo nezingane ezizayo. Kwenzeka ukuthi izinyoni zinenhlanhla futhi akekho othola isidleke esidala somunye umuntu.

Uma lokhu kungenzeki, owesilisa uthatha yonke inkathazo ngesidleke somndeni. Wakha isidleke izimpaphe eziluhlaza Woodpecker ngokukhuthala okukhulu. Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi. Kwesinye isikhathi insikazi iyamsiza ngalokhu, kepha ngokuzindela okukhulu.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngosizo lwaloqhwaku lwayo iduna lingakwazi ukuphuma esidlekeni esingamasentimitha angama-50. Ngaphakathi nendawo yokuhlala ye-woodpecker eluhlaza imbozwe ngothuli. Lapho isidleke sesilungile ngambili eluhlaza okotshani, kufika isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu - ukubeka iqanda. Imvamisa kukhona izingcezu ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-7. Mhlophe.

Kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane bayabandakanyeka ekusukeni inzalo. Bayashintshana njalo emahoreni amabili. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, kuzalwa amaphuphu enqunu angenakusizwa. Kusukela ngemizuzu yokuqala yezimpilo zabo, balambile futhi badinga ukudla.

Umsebenzi wabazali manje uhlanganisa ukondla izingane. Lokhu, futhi, konke kwenziwa ndawonye. Abazali bayashintshana ukondla izingane zabo, zona izingane zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, amachwane ngokuzimela ashiya isidleke, ayohlala esihlathini futhi ahlole izwe elisha eliwazungezile. Ngasikhathi sinye, aqala ukuthatha iphiko futhi enze izindiza zawo zokuqala ezincane kakhulu. Isizukulwane esisha sama-woodpeckers aluhlaza angahlukaniswa umbala o-pockmarked entanyeni nasesifubeni.

Lapho amachwane esukela ezinsukwini ezingama-25 ubudala, ayaphuma esidlekeni, kodwa esondele kubazali bawo cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Ngemuva kwalokho, umndeni we-woodpeckers oluhlaza uyaqhekeka futhi ngamunye wabo uqala impilo ezimele, engahlobene, isikhathi esingaphakathi kweminyaka eyisikhombisa.