IBullfinch iyinyoni abaningi abahlobanisa nobusika. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwenzekile ngoba amaplamu ale nyoni abukeka emuhle kakhulu ngokumelene nesizinda esimhlophe seqhwa, noma ngoba kubonakala ngokuningana emagatsheni angenalutho.
Ama-bullfinches, izithombe zawo ezingatholakala emakhadini oNyaka omuNyaka, ayizinyoni ezincane. Isisindo sabo kaningi sifinyelela ku-30 g, futhi ubude bomzimba wabo bubalelwa ku-18 cm.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-bullfinch? Impela, umehluko wayo oyinhloko kusuka kwezinye izinyoni umbala okhanyayo webele. Emadodeni, izimpaphe zibomvu ngombala onsomi, futhi kwabesilisa ziseduze nepinki. Umbala webele ugeleza ungene esiswini esimhlophe. Ekhanda lezinkabi kunohlobo lwe- “cap” lombala omnyama ogeleza phezu kwesihlakala. Uqhwaku lufushane kepha lukhulu.
Ngama-bullfinches, futhi ngokunembile ngamaplamu awo aqhakazile, kuhambisana izinganekwane eziningi. Bonke bavumelana entweni eyodwa: kwavela ibala elibomvu esifubeni senyoni ngenxa yegazi. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, yonke le nto isembusweni okhethekile wezimpaphe - i-carotenoid.
Ngemuva kwenyoni kungwevu, imilenze eneminwe emithathu imnyama. Izimpiko zinemigqa, zimnyama futhi zimhlophe.
Ama-bullfinches angamakhwaya ezingoma, noma kunjalo, imisindo abayenzayo akunakubizwa ngokuthi iyaculwa. Uma uzwa izwi lenyoni, kunalokho cabanga ukuthi libukeka njengodaka lwensimbi. AmaBullfinches ahlabelela ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzalela.
Incazelo ye-bullfinch isiza ukuyihlukanisa kwezinye izinyoni. Akufanele ugxile ebeleni kuphela elibomvu - emvelweni kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihluka ngombala.
I-Bullfinch: umsoco, indlela yokuphila, umlingiswa
Ama-bullfinches ayizinyoni ezitholakala kaningi. Kakhulu bahlala e-Europe nase-Asia, bakhetha ukuhlala emahlathini acijile noma axubile. Futhi, izinyoni zivame ukubonakala emagcekeni ezakhiwo zokuhlala noma amapaki. Esikhathini esiningi, basondela kubantu ebusika, lapho kunzima ukuthola ukudla.
Sizositshela kabanzi ngendlela yokuphila kwe-bullfinch:
Ngokuvamile ama-bullfinches adla ngokudla kwezitshalo. Lezi zinyoni azivamile ukudla izinambuzane, uma kwenzeka kuba nendlala enkulu. Ukudla okuthandwa yi-Bullfinches yimbewu abayithola kuma-conifer cones. Futhi, izinyoni zingadla amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga amaqabunga, izimbali.
Ebusika, ama-bullfinches athanda ukudla amajikijolo ama-rowan. Balahla uginindela, ngoba banentshisekelo kuphela ezinhlafunweni. Ngakho-ke, i-bullfinch esemlotha wentaba iyinto evame ukwenziwa.
Uma ufuna ukondla ama-bullfinches ebusika, ubanikeze imbewu eluhlaza yelanga, amabele, i-oatmeal. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-bullfinches angadla izaqathe, ama-rosehip, i-hemp.
- I-Habitat kanye nomlingiswa.
AmaBullfinches ahlala emaphaketheni (aze afike kubantu abayi-10), ngokuthula. Lezi izinyoni ezinokuthula, ngakho-ke kuyaqabukela zingena ezingxabanweni. Futhi abaxabani nezinye izinyoni noma izilwane.
Ama-bullfinches ajwayele ukuzilibazisa, kodwa acocekile. Bayabaqaphela abantu, njengoba bebabheka njengosongo empilweni.
Ama-Bullfinches: ukuzalela, isikhathi sokuphila
Inyoni ye-bullfinch indizela kubantu ebusika kuphela, ngoba ibamba inzalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Isikhathi sokufuya izinyoni zivame ukuqala ngoMashi. Abesilisa baheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile ngengoma, kuyilapho abesimame baphendula kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokubhanqa, insikazi iya ekwakhiweni kwesidleke. Owesilisa akabandakanyeki kule nqubo, noma kunjalo, wondla othandiweyo ngenkathi edonsa amaqanda. Imvamisa inyoni ikhetha isihlahla sonwele esidala noma izihlahla eziqinile zesidleke. Indawo yokuhlala kwamawundlu esikhathi esizayo itholakala kakhulu futhi kude nesiqu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izidleke zesifazane ezivela kumatawi owomile notshani, futhi zisebenzisa amaqabunga, iminyuzi noma izinwele zezilwane ukugcwala phansi.
NgoMeyi, insikazi ibeka amaqanda ngopende oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi phezu komhlaba ungahlukanisa amachashazi amnyama.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15 zokuqhanyelwa, kuzalwa amaphuphu ama-4-6. Amapulangwe abo ansundu, futhi isigaxa sesifuba nebele alikho.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, amaphuphu alambe kakhulu, ngakho-ke abazali bakhathele ukuletha ukudla. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, sezivele zikwazi ukundiza futhi ziqale ukulisebenzisa kahle leli khono. Kodwa-ke, ama-bullfinches amancane ashiya abazali bawo kuphela emva kwenyanga.
Ama-Bullfinches angabazali abakhathalela kakhulu, ngakho-ke nawo angondla izingane zawo. Kunezimo lapho zincelisa ama-tits noma amanye amaphuphu amancane.
I-Bullfinch - inyoni ehlala ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka engaba ngu-12. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisibalo esiphikisayo kakhulu, njengoba izinkunzi zenkomo zivame ukubulawa amakhaza noma indlala ebusika.
I-bullfinch, isithombe okuvame ukutholakala ngaso kwi-Intanethi, iyinyoni enhle enomlingiswa oguquguqukayo. Azizwa kahle ekudingisweni, ngakho-ke akufanele agcinwe njengesilwane esifuywayo. Isikhathi kuphela ongathatha ngaso i-bullfinch ekhaya kungukuthi udinga usizo olukhulu. Kungcono ukondle izinyoni ebusika futhi uzincome zisuka kude.
I-Bullfinch: incazelo, osayizi, umbala
Yize lezi zinyoni zithathwa njengehlathi, izakhamizi eziningi bekufanele zibabone emadolobheni amakhulu. I-Bullfinch - inyoni eyinhlobo ekhethekile yohlobo lwengoma ephuma emphemeni womndeni. Le nyoni incane, ingaphezulu kondlunkulu. Isisindo saso asidluli amagremu amathathu. Umzimba we-bullfinch uqinile futhi awumbethe kahle. Ubude bomzimba ngokwesilinganiso ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili.
IBullfinch iyinyoni ebanzi nenhle kakhulu. Izithombe zalezi zinyoni ezinhle zivame ukuhlotshiswa ngamakhalenda, amakhadi oNyaka Omusha ahlukahlukene, omagazini, kanye namakhasi ezincwadi ezishicilelwe ochwepheshe be-ornithologists. Uhlobo lwama-bullfinches luhlukaniswa yi-dimorphism yezocansi kumbala wezinyoni. Ingxenye ekhanyayo ibele: kwabesifazane ipendiwe ngombala o-pink-grey, kuthi emadodeni ibomvu i-carmine-red. Lesi yisici esiyisici sezinyoni ezincane.
Amanye amapayipi afana ngombala. Ikhanda le-bullfinch lihlotshiswe nge-cap emnyama, ijika kahle ibe indawo encane emnyama ku-chin. Umhlane wale nyoni ungwevu. Izimpiko ziqhakaze impela: inhlanganisela yasendulo emnyama nomhlophe, ihlangana nemichilo phezu kobuso bonke bephiko. Umsila nomsila zimhlophe. Uqhwaku lwenkunzi lwenkomo lukhulu futhi lubanzi, lupendwe ngombala omnyama.
Imilenze yenyoni iqinile futhi iqinile, inezihlakala ezintathu ezincanyana, kodwa inomusa omnyama futhi obukhali obumnyama. Izimpaphe entanyeni, ezinhlangothini, esiswini nasezihlathini zidwetshwe ngamathoni ansundu. Umbala wezinqwaba zezinkunzi namachwane amancane uyahluka: unesizotha kakhulu, usondele kakhulu kumbala lowesifazane kunowowesilisa.
Owesilisa nowesifazane: umehluko omkhulu
I-Bullfinch dimorphism yezocansi iyahlukahluka ngezinhlobo. Imvamisa, umbala okhanyayo owesilisa, lapho owesifazana uqina kakhulu kuye. Njengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, i-bullfinch ejwayelekile, i-yellow-backed and red-head redfinch. Uma abesilisa bepende ngemibala e-brownish-grey ke insikazi ayihlukile kubo (ama-Azores, ansundu, i-bulfinch emhlophe).
Ukubhebhetheka
Ama-bullfinches kukholakala ukuthi ayizinyoni zasehlathini. Imvelo eningi yama-bullfinch ihlangene futhi ihlangene ngamahlathi e-Asia naseYurophu ukusuka e-Atlantic kuya olwandle lwePacific. Noma kunjalo, izinkabi zezinkunzi zivame ukutholakala kumapaki amadolobha nasemagcekeni ezakhiwo zokuhlala, zibavakashi ezifuyweni ezincane ngaphandle kwamafasitela ezakhiwo ezinamabala amaningi, ezindaweni zokudlala. Kepha lokhu akusho neze ukuthi izinkunzi zenkabi zingabhekiswa kubahlali basemadolobheni. Lezi zinyoni ezibomvu nje zindizela edolobheni ziyodla zidle.
Habitat
Ama-Bullfinches asatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ngaphandle kwezingxenyeni eziseningizimu nasenyakatho ne-Asia. Ngokwezinga eliphakeme lokuhlala, abakhethi futhi bathula izidleke ezindaweni ezinamabala aphansi nezindawo eziphakemeyo, bazibekele izindawo ngenani elanele lezihlahla namahlathi. Lezi zinyoni azihlali ezindaweni ezingenazihlahla noma ezimbalwa. Ingxenye esenyakatho yehlathi akuvamile ukuthi ihlalwe ngama-bullfinches ngenxa yobusika obubandayo.
Ama-Bullfinches akhethwa ukuthi azungeze izindawo ezinemvelo ehlanzekile, ngakho-ke, ebusika, izakhamuzi zamadolobha anamanani amancane noma ukungabikho ngokuphelele komkhakha kungazijabulisa. Izinyoni zizizwa zikhululekile eduze kwabantu, ngakho-ke zihlala buthule edolobheni eliseduze kwezakhiwo zokuhlala.
Ihlathi lasehlobo alivumeli izinyoni ukuba zibonakale, noma ngabe zinombala ohlukile. Ebusika, izihlahla, ezingenawo amaqabunga, nesizinda esimhlophe seqhwa siveza amehlo ubuhle bezinto zabo ezinhle.
Izinyoni zihlala ezidlekeni ezikhula ezihlahleni (izihlahla zefir), eziphakeme ezingekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-5. Bazakhela izidleke ngokwendalo yemvelo esetshenzisiwe: amahlumela, amaqabunga, utshani obomile futhi bahlala kubo, beshiya kuphela ukondla.
Ukwakha izidleke kanye namaqanda aqandayo, ama-bullfinches akhetha izihlahla ze-spruce ezisezindaweni zamanzi. Ukuziphatha okujwayelekile kwalezi zinyoni kuthule futhi kungathambekele kahle endaweni entsha, okuvumela ikati lomuntu kanye nelasekhaya ukubamba umuntu omdala.
Isihlabelelo
Ngaphezu kombala okhanyayo, i-bullfinch inesinye isimilo esiyingqayizivele - iphimbo layo, noma iculo. Kunzima ukudidanisa nokuculwa kwenye inyoni. Ngamazwi, kunzima impela ukuchaza imisindo eyenziwe yile nyoni. Ukuqhathanisa okulungele kakhulu i-whistle noma i-iron creak. Kunzima ngisho ukuqonda ukuthi le misindo yenziwa yinyoni, izwi le-bullfinch lihluke kakhulu futhi iculo layo alijwayelekile.
Imvamisa imibiko enjalo izwakala ngesikhathi sokuzala. Kuyamangaza ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bazenza.
Indlela yokuphila
Ebusika, izinkabi zenkomo zivame ukundiza emadolobheni lapho kunokudla okwanele ehlathini. Ehlobo, kunzima ukubona izinkabi, kuthi ezinsukwini zasebusika eziqandayo zithinte izimpaphe zazo, ziphenduke amabhola agqamile asuka egatsheni aya kwelinye igatsha. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda seqhwa elimhlophe emagatsheni esihlahla, ama-bullfinches abukeka emuhle kakhulu futhi emangalisa. Le nyoni iwuphawu lweqhwa, iqhwa, isimo esihle samaholide nobusika.
Izazi zesifo sezinhlungu zinakekela isimo esikhethekile sezinyoni ngomlotha wasentabeni. Indiza iye kuye emhlambini omncane. Ama-Bullfinches ezihlahleni ezi-rollan ahlala emagatsheni, kanti abesilisa, njengamadoda eqiniso, anika abesifazane bawo ithuba lokukhetha iziqu ezimnandi kakhulu futhi ezinoshukela. Ama-bullfinches emlotheni osentabeni amaminithi ambalwa nje, aze agcwale imbewu etholakala kumajikijolo, ngoba awadli uginindela onamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhlambi uyasuka, unyakazisa iqhwa kancane esihlahleni.
Into esemqoka ukungalimazi
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zesimo sezulu, i-bullfinch ingonga noma yikuphi ukudla, kepha umphumela wensindiso enjalo kwesinye isikhathi ungahlali isikhathi eside. Kunemikhiqizo eminingana engafanele inikezwe izinyoni:
imikhiqizo yobisi yamawolintshi okuthosiwe okunosawoti omuncu isinaphi isithelo samantongomane ibhanana ukudla okucolile
Isinkwa siyingozi ikakhulu. Kulimaza izitho zangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi isibindi nezinso, futhi futhi kubangela uhlelo lokugaya olubi. Imiphumela yokudla isinkwa esikhathini esiningi ibulala izinyoni.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ungazondli izinkukhu, okungukuthi ukuzondla, ushiye ezinye zezinkathazo ukuthola ukudla kwezinyoni ngokwazo. Lokhu kuzobavumela baphendukele ekudleni, bathole izinto ezingekho emvelweni, futhi kusize ukuthi bangalahli ubuwula. Awukwazi ukubugcina ubukhona bokudla ku-feeder. Kuhle ukusetha umbuso futhi uwugcwalise amahlandla ambalwa ngosuku, ngokwesibonelo, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ama-Bullfinches azosheshe asejwayele uhlelo futhi azokwazi kahle ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi lapho angakuthola khona ukudla ku-feeder, futhi ngamahora lapho kuzodingeka ancike kuwo kuphela.
Ukuziphatha
Izazi zesayensi yemvelo zibheka ukusebenza kwalezi zinyoni ezinhle ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwazo lapho zindizela ngaseningizimu eTransbaikalia, emgodini wase-Amur, eCrimea, eCentral Asia naseNyakatho ne-Afrika. Ukuchazwa kwama-bullfinches ezincwadini ezahlukahlukene kubaphawula njengezinyoni ezolile, ezingathathi ntambo nezilinganiselayo. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye bahlakaniphe futhi bahlanzekile. Phambi kwabantu, ama-bullfinches awasebenzi kakhulu futhi isikhathi esiningi aziphatha kabi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu besifazane.
Emhlambini wezinkunzi, cishe akunakuba njalo ukuxabana nokungavumelani okuvulekile. Izinyoni ezinesifuba ezibomvu zihlala ngokuthula nangokuthula. Ukudana kuboniswa kwesinye isikhathi ngabesifazane. Ngasikhathi sinye, benza imisindo ehlukile ngomlomo wabo futhi basheshe baphendule amakhanda abo. Kepha akwenzeki lokhu kuphela uma kunesizathu esizwakalayo.
Uma umuntu ethatha isinqumo sokondla izinyoni futhi azishiyela umuthi wokuphaka, ngeke anikele ngokuphatha futhi uzokujabulela ukudla.
Bullfinch ekhaya
Bullfinch uhlala ekhaya, akuvamile kakhulu. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthola isilwane esinjalo, kufanele wazi ukuthi kufanele uyigcine le nyoni endaweni epholile ukuze izizwe ikhululekile, ngoba i-bullfinch ayibekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ephendula ukunakekelwa nezimo ezinhle, i-bullfinch isetshenziswa ngokushesha kumnikazi futhi icishe ibe yincwadi. Angakwazi nokufunda izingoma ezilula futhi akopishe eminye imisindo.
Izindawo zokuhlala
Ihlala kuphi i-bullfinch? Ukuchazwa kwenyoni yezingane ngeke kubhekwe njengokuphelele uma singazisho izindawo eziyintandokazi lapho kuhlala le nyoni - amahlathi aminyene namahlathi akhanyayo. Bancamela ukuhlela izidleke ze-bullfinch kumaConifers, ezihlahleni ze-spruce kakhulu. Imvamisa kunezindlu ze-bullfinch ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-2 kuye kwangama-5. Okuqukethwe esidlekeni kungama-moss, amahlumela amancane, kwesinye isikhathi izinwele zezilwane. Ingaphakathi lifakwe izimpaphe, izinwele notshani obomile. Ukubuka kwesakhiwo kukhululekile futhi kuyacaba.
Ukuzala
Incazelo ethokozisayo ye-bullfinch ngesikhathi sokuzala. Izwi lezinduna zamaduna lizwakala kakhulu, lizwakala lilungile kunokwejwayelekile. Banikela ngezigubhu zabo ezintombini zabo ezithandekayo, futhi baphendula ngezwi elizwelayo, elizwelayo.
Kokubili ngamafomu emihlambi ngoMashi. I-Matriarchy ibusa kunoma yimuphi umndeni walezi zinyoni ezikhanyayo, indima eyinhloko lapha ilele nabesifazane.
Progeny
Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda aluhlaza okwesine kuya kwayisithupha. Umphezulu wawo wonke umbozwe amachashazi ansundu. Owesifazane ubamba inzalo izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Emavikini amabili kamuva, kuvela amachwane amancane futhi alambe kakhulu esidlekeni. Ukuze bafake isifiso sabo sokudla, abazali basebenza njalo. Ziletha imbewu, amajikijolo nokunye ukudla esidlekeni. Ngemuva kwesinye isigamu senyanga, amaphuphu afunda ukundiza futhi ngokushesha aphuma esidlekeni. Kodwa-ke, abazali abayeki ukondla izingane zabo. Njengoba sesifinyelele enyangeni kuphela, ama-bullfinches amancane alungele impilo yokuzimela.
Amahlaya
Ngo-Ephreli, i-bullfinch ithande ukudonsa amachwane. Ukuchazwa kwenyoni akukwazi ukuqeda ngaphandle kwencazelo yale nqubo.
Ku-clutch, kuvame kakhulu ukufika kumaqanda amahlanu. Umbala abanawo uluhlaza okotshani, onamabala amnyama. Amakati akhula ngezinsuku eziyi-14, inani elifanayo liyadingeka ekondleni amachwane. Akukaziwa kahle ukuthi owesilisa ubandakanyekile kulokhu kufakwa, kodwa kungumsebenzi wakhe ngqo ukondla owesimame ohlezi emaqanda. Ngemuva kokuba amachwane aqhamuke esidlekeni, iduna ikakhulukazi lisebenzelana nawo. Ngokumangazayo, bekungenzeki ukuthola amabanga amancanyana nalomama, kuyilapho umndeni wokubuthwa okuningana okuholwa owesilisa uyinto evamile. Amathanga aphekelwa ngokudla kwezitshalo.
Lezi zinyoni zidla kanye ehlobo, ngoJulayi sezivele zakhe imihlambi. Amachwane amancanyana asebenzisa unyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwawo nabazali bawo.
Umsoco
Ngokunokwenzeka, kulula ukuqagela ukuthi i-bullfinch idlani. Isisekelo sokudla kwakhe unyaka wonke ukudla kwezitshalo, yize kwesinye isikhathi inyoni idla izinambuzane ezincane. Ngokuvamile izinkabi zezinkunzi zidla imbewu yezihlahla eziqothulayo neziyinhlanganisela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, basebenzisa uqhwaku lwabo oluncane, kepha luqine kakhulu, olunesimo esikhethekile.
Ngabe i-bullfinch idlani entwasahlobo nasehlobo? Ama-Buds, amahlumela amasha wezitshalo kanye nemifino yokuqala kufakwa ekudleni. Ehlobo, ama-bullfinches ajabulisa ukujabulela izimbali. Ungazihluphi ngokuzijikijela ngamajikijolo, ikakhulukazi umlotha wentaba kanye ne-bird cherry.
Okudingayo
I-Bullfinch ayilandeleki kokudla okunempilo.Ukudla kwalo okuyinhloko kuqukethe imbewu namajikijolo, okudla kuzo izinyoni, kudle inyama, kanye nezinambuzane. Uma uzibuza ukuthi yini ama-bullfinches athanda noma ukuthi yini ayijabulelayo, khona-ke impendulo ngukuthi: umbala wama-oki, amachibi ama-willow, ama-dandelion, ama-netunes, amajikijolo amnyama, i-sorrel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, i-bullfinch idla amajikijolo ama-rowan, okuwumbono ongalibaleki.
Ama-bullfinches amancane nawo afakwa ukudla kwezitshalo, okufakwa kuzo izinambuzane nezicabucabu.
