Abaningi bayizwile inganekwane yamaRavens of Tower, asebehlale iminyaka engama-300. Inganekwane yinhle, kepha isayensi ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa into enjengale. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngesikhathi sokufa, amagwababa ayehlala eMbhoshongweni impilo ende kunazo zonke wayeneminyaka engama-44 ubudala. Kepha eqinisweni, u-Greater, i-pink flamingo (i-Phoenicopterus roseus) evela ku-Adelaide Zoo (Australia), waba ngumgcini werekhodi onemibala wokuphila isikhathi eside. Ushone ngo-2014 eneminyaka engama-83.

Izimbangi ezihlala isikhathi eside ziyaziwa phakathi kwama-condors kanye nama-parrots amakhulu njenge-cockatoo noma i-macaw. Onke amarekhodi wokuphila isikhathi eside aphawulwa ekudingisweni. Emvelweni, izihlobo zalezi zinyoni ziphila okuncane kakhulu, ngoba ukuguga kukude nokuphela kwento eholela ekufeni komzimba.

9. Indlovu yase-Asiya - eneminyaka engama-86

Kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala emhlabeni, indlovu yase-Eshiya (Elephas maximus) ngumgcini werekhodi. Kuliqiniso, lokhu uma sikhipha umuntu ngaphandle kwesilinganiso (noma kunjalo, okusemqoka kungokwamaHomo sapiens - kunezibonelo eziningi zokuphila isikhathi eside ngokuhamba kwekhulu leminyaka). Kepha izindlovu zaseNdiya ke endle ziphila iminyaka engama-60-70.

Ngokuguga, izisusa zigaya futhi ngeke zisakwazi ukucubungula izitshalo zokudla. Isilwane sikhoselwe. Ekuthunjweni, ngosizo lwabantu, imidondoshiya iyakwazi ukwelula isikhathi eside - kunecala elaziwayo lapho indlovu yafa ineminyaka engama-86 e-zoo.

8. Umkhomo waseGreenland - iminyaka engama-200

Kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, umkhomo weGreenland uphethe irekhodi, elingaphila amashumi eminyaka noma ngaphezulu. Kuze kube manje, yicala elilodwa kuphela elaziwayo lapho isilwane salolu hlobo sifile ngokufa kwaso, futhi, ngokwesibonelo, saba yisisulu somuntu.

Umkhomo cishe awunazitha zemvelo. Kepha ukuphatha kanjani ukulwa nokuguga? Njengoba izazi zebhayoloji zaseYunivesithi yase-Alabama zithole, umzimba whale we-bowhead unezindlela ezicindezela izingxenye ezithile zezifo zokuguga okubandakanya umdlavuza. Isilwane siphila impilo ezolile ngokweqile.

7. Giant Seychelles ufudu - iminyaka engama-250

Izimfudu zaseGigantic Seychelles Megalochelys gigantea ziyakwazi ukusinda ziye eminyakeni esezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi zingabanqobi phakathi kwezirhubuluzi. Kubukeka sengathi imvelo yanikeza izimfudu izindlela zemvelo ezivimbela ama-telomeres, iziphetho zemikhawulo ye-DNA, ekuthini ifushaniswe ngemuva kolunye ukuhlukaniswa kweseli.

Kunesinye futhi isizathu esenza kube lula ukuthi ufudu luzilondoloze amakhulu eminyaka. Ukuba yisilwane esinegazi elibandayo, ayichithi izinsizakusebenza zomzimba ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba olifunayo. Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo futhi kuvimbele ukugqokwa kwalo.

6. IGreenland ushaka oshisayo - iminyaka engama-500

Ushaka waseGreenland oshaka, omkhulu, ocothayo, ophila emanzini abandayo e-Arctic e-Atlantic, kungenzeka akwazi ukusinda aze agubha iminyaka eyinkulungwane. Lapho, emakhazeni nasebumnyameni, lapho kungekho ndawo yokujaha futhi kungekho owesabayo, inhlanzi yathuthukisa umzimba kancane, okucacile ukuthi, kwakuyisizathu esiyinhloko sokuphila isikhathi eside. Yebo, futhi ukuphindaphindeka ngokushesha akunamsebenzi - isisekelo sokudla komphangi omubi asinamkhawulo. Ngakho-ke, zimbalwa izingane ezizalwa, kanti ushaka wesifazane ufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngeminyaka eyi-150 kuphela.

5. Isipanji - iminyaka engama-2300

Kwezinye izindawo olwandle ungathola izidalwa ezizalwe iminyaka engama-300 ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu. Umzimba wesiponji uqukethe izingqimba ezimbili zamangqamuzana angama-integumentary kanye ne-mesochil enjenge-jelly etholakala phakathi kwawo, ihlunga amanzi ifuna okuthile okunempilo.

Lapho zingekho izinzwa, impilo iba lula kangangokuba ingaphila iminyaka engama-2300, njengesiponji seXestospongia muta, esibizwa nangokuthi isiponji esikhulu somgoqo. Kodwa-ke, kunamakhulu amaningi eminyaka phakathi kwama-invertebrates asemanzini. Clam odumile u-Arctica Islandica, owayephila iminyaka engama-507.

4. UPine Methuselah - iminyaka engama-5666

Ekhuluma ngokuhlala isikhathi eside kwezihlahla, sivame ukukhumbula ama-oki nama-baobab, kepha emncintiswaneni kukhona ama-conifers. Umphikisi oyinhloko werekhodi ngalinye yi-spinous intermountain pine (Pinus longaeva) Methuselah, ekhula phezulu ezintabeni zaseNyakatho Melika. Ubudala - iminyaka engama-5666.

Iminyaka ye-Old Tiikko spruce, ekhula eNtabeni Fulu eSweden, ilinganiselwa eminyakeni engama-9560! Kuyiqiniso, isiqu saso sincane kakhulu, futhi uhlelo lwezimpande lwakudala lwaphila ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka, okuthe ngalo, ngemuva kokufa kwesiqu esinye, kukhule okusha okufana nokwakheka kofuzo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi i-spruce ikhuliswe ngokulengiswa lapho igatsha ligobile emhlabathini likhula futhi lazala isitshalo esisha. Ngokuvamile, i-Old Tiikko yisihlahla esiyindilinga, futhi izihlahla zezihlahla zemvelo ezixhunywe izimpande zingaba khona ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka.

Imbewu yezitshalo nayo ingaphila isikhathi eside esingacabangeki. Ososayensi baseRussia bahlume imbewu ye-resin-leved-resin (Silene stenophylla), esele ngaphansi kwengqimba ye-permafrost iminyaka engama-32,000.

3. Amagciwane we-Chemotrophic - iminyaka eyi-10,000

Ama-Microorganisms ahlala ngaphansi kophahla lolwandle ekujuleni kwama-700 m abekezelela ukucindezelwa okukhulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphakeme (cishe ama-100 degrees), futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, aphila iminyaka eyi-10,000 - ukusuka ekuhlukaniseni kuya ekuhlukaniseni. Ama-Super long-livers atholakala kumasampula enhlabathi atholakala ngesikhathi kuklanywa kwasolwandle kusuka kumkhumbi wesayensi weJoIDES. Ngokusobala, le mpilo yasendulo ikhona iminyaka ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyikhulu - lesi yisikhathi sezikhathi lapho amasampula athathwe khona.

2. Abavumeli beBacilli Bacillus - iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-250

Ngo-2000, kwashicilelwa iphepha abathi abacwaningi baseMelika bakwazile ukuvusa izimvume zeBacillus ezineminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-250 ezitholakala kumadiphozidi kasawoti (New Mexico) kusuka e-hibernation. Yonke le nkathi yeminyaka eyizigidi eziyinkulungwane, i-bacilli yayikhona ngohlobo lwama-spores, ngaphakathi lapho izinqubo ze-metabolic zazima khona.

1. I-Jellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii - iphakade

UJellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ngongafi. Ngokucacile, uyakwazi ukuphila phakade. Le yindlela ejwayelekile yohlobo lwe-jellyfish. Isigaba sokuqala sokukhula komzimba kusuka kumaseli womanyolo yi-polyp (njengaleyo eyakha izixhobo zamakhorali). Kwesigaba esithile, i-polyp izala i-jellyfish. Futhi yena, ngokufika ebusheni, uhlanganyela ekukhiqizweni futhi uyafa. I-jellyfish evuthiwe ayikwazi ukubuyela esigabeni se-polyp. Kepha hhayi iTurritopsis dohrnii - inamathela endaweni ethile ekuqaleni kwezimo ezingezinhle, futhi amaseli ayo ayaguquka, kube sengathi abuyela esigabeni “sosana”. Ngemuva kwalokho i-polyp iphinde ikhiqize i-jellyfish ... Futhi kubonakala sengathi ayikho indawo yokufa ngokuxoshwa kwalezi metamorphoses.

Umlando wokuphila isikhathi eside phakathi kwabantu ungowesifazane waseFrance uJeanne Kalman, owaphila iminyaka eyi-122 (1875−1997). Kungabonakala kwabanye ukuthi izilwane ezincelisayo (futhi nathi phakathi kwazo) zicasulwe imvelo. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokuphila sesitho simane nje siyisu elibekwe ekukhetheni inani labantu. Futhi noma ngabe amabhu wosuku olulodwa aqhubeka nokuphila, ande, futhi ande, khona-ke isu selisungulwe ngendlela efanele, futhi ikusasa lomuntu, njengoba izazi zebhayoloji lisho, akunandaba nokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Konke okungafi isikhathi eside kungokwasendulo noma kuholela 'empilweni' ethintekile. Futhi akekho noyedwa kithi ongathanda ukuba yi-bacterium noma i-jellyfish.

Ama-Centenarians

Izilwane ezincelisayo, uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izinto eziphilayo, zingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kepha lezi yizinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela, izinkophe ezisele azide. Umkhomo wekhothamo uphakama, ungumnikazi werekhodi langempela.

Bowhead whale

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi iminyaka ephezulu kakhulu yalesi siqhwaga yiminyaka engama-211. Kufundwe abesilisa abathathu, abaneminyaka yobudala babo idlulele eminyakeni eyi-100 (kwesinye sazo kwatholakala ithiphu lehabhu elingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokumangazayo ngokwanele, kukhona indoda (futhi isilwane esinezilwane ezincelisayo). Unamandla okuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, futhi irekhodi elisemthethweni ngelikaJeanne Kalman, oneminyaka engu-122 ubudala. Yize bekukhona abantu, futhi empeleni bakhona manje, abaphila isikhathi eside, kepha abakwazi ukukuqinisekisa lokhu ngemibhalo.

Killer whale

Ama-Orcas ayakwazi nokuphila iminyaka eyikhulu, ogcina amarekhodi phakathi kwawo ungumuntu ogama lakhe nguGogo, owayeneminyaka engu-103 ubudala. Kepha izindlovu, nazo ezingazigabisa ngobudala, azifiki ikhulu leminyaka, umkhawulo wazo cishe uyiminyaka engama-80.

Izinyoni zamakhulu

Kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuthi iqhude elihlakaniphile liphila isikhathi eside kunanoma iyiphi enye inyoni. Futhi iminyaka yabo ingadlula ikhulu, noma ngisho iminyaka engamakhulu amabili. Kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso, igwababa, elalineminyaka engama-59 lithathwa ngokusemthethweni, lo ngumkhawulo. Kepha kunezinyoni ezineminyaka yazo isondela eminyakeni eyikhulu.

I-Ara parrot ingaphila iminyaka engama-60-80, ngenkathi iminyaka yokuzalwa kwabo isukela eminyakeni engama-30 kuye kwengama-35. Sekukonke, ngamaphalishi okuyizinyoni ezihlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke. Isibonelo, kwenye yezindawo zokuhlala kwakukhona i-cockatoo ebukekayo egama lingu-Cookies, owabanjwa emuva ngo-1933.

Iphrotheni yekhukhi yaphila iminyaka engama-83

Ngokucabanga, ama-albatross angafika eminyakeni enkulu. Kuze kube manje, ama-ornithologists amazi owesilisa okuthiwa uWizd, osanda kuhlanganisa iminyaka engama-63 futhi osanakekela amachwane. UFlamingo Gritter ubehlala kwelinye lama-zoo iminyaka engama-83.

Isikhathi Eside Sofudu

Ama-Centenarians adume kakhulu yi-turtles. Kulawa, ufudu omkhulu waseSeychelles umi ngaphandle. Umuntu obanjwe esiqhingini i-Aldabra usehlale eCalcutta Zoo cishe iminyaka engama-250. Igama lakhe kwakungu-Advaita.

Omunye ufudu wohlobo olufanayo, uJonathan, ugcinwe esiqhingini saseSt. Helena, usanda kuhlanganisa iminyaka eyi-186. Ngaphezu kweminyaka eyikhulu, umuntu ngamunye kanye nofishi baseGalapagos bahlala, ngokwesibonelo, uLonely George odumile, owayemele okokugcina ezingaphansi kwakhe.

Indlovu noma ufudu lweGalapagos

Izibazi

Eziqhingini ezimbalwa ezincane ezisogwini lweNew Zealand, kuhlala izingulube zasendulo, ontanga bezidina, lena yi-tuatara. Umuntu oyedwa, owesilisa ogama lakhe nguHenry, wahlanganisa iminyaka eyi-117.

I-Tuatar Lizard (Hatteria)

Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, kwabanjwa i-lobster enkulu e-Atlantic. Njengoba ososayensi bezimisele, iminyaka yakhe yayingama-150. Yize bebefuna ukuyithengisa futhi bayidle ngemali eningi, umphakathi wathukuthela wavele wakhululwa nama-lobster.