Le nyoni ebukekayo kudala yaheha ukunakwa komuntu: izithombe zayo zitholakala papyri wasendulo waseGibhithe. E-Russia, yayibizwa nge-porphyryon, futhi amagama adumile kakhudlwana yilezi zinhlobo zenkukhu zikaSultan noma zikaSultan. I-Sultan ingumhlobiso ogqamile, obomvu wezimpaphe esihlokweni sangemuva, umbala ofanayo uyi-plaque ekhanda lale nyoni.
Uhlala kuphi
ISultanka imane ingumhlali wezindawo ezishisayo nezishubile. Lolu hlobo luhlala kuphela empumalanga ye-hemisphere. Kusimangaliso nje ukuthi ungahlangana naye eRussia. Lapha kuhlala kuphela ogwini olusentshonalanga yoLwandle lweCaspian futhi okuncane ukuya enyakatho, phezulu kufinyelela kuVolga delta. Kulesi sifunda sitholakala emaphethelweni asogwini wemifula, imifudlana, amachibi amancanyana kanye namakhethini olwandle - nomaphi lapho kunamathanga amaningi omhlanga, amakati noma ama-sedge.
Le nyoni iphila ngendlela yemfihlo, ngakho akuvamile ukuba kutholakale endle. Kepha mhlawumbe unenhlanhla!
Izimpawu zangaphandle
Emvelweni, kunezinyoni eziningi ezinhle eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi omunye wabo - uSultanka - okhanyayo kakhulu ngombala omelele umndeni wakhe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umbala weplamu we-sultanka uhluka kakhulu. Imvamisa, i-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ithathelwa indawo yiluhlaza okotshani noma omnyama. Kwesinye isikhathi isifuba sultanas sithola i-ash-pink hue, kuthi lonke iplamu limbozwe ngemoto ezishaywayo. Ososayensi bahlukanisa okungafiki kwama-24 enkukhu yenkukhu yakwaSultan.
Inkukhu yasesibhakabhaka inobuhle obukhanyayo obomvu nekhanda ekhanda
Le nyoni enesayizi ephakathi, kepha omele kakhulu umndeni wayo. Ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-50 cm, kanti amaphiko ngamasentimitha ayi-100. Isisindo se-sultanas sisukela ku-500 g kuya ku-1 kg.
Isici sangaphandle salolu hlobo lwenhlamvu ingumlomo omfushane obomvu onamakhala oyindilinga kanye nohlaka olunesikhumba endaweni yekhanda, kanye nemilenze eyenziwe kahle eneminwe emide ngaphandle kolwelwesi. Kungenxa yobumba lwamabala abomvu ukuthi lo sultan abe negama lawo. Lokhu kugqama okungafaniyo ekhanda lenyoni kufana nesihloko sessans sakudala. Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi ebusika, uqhwaku olukhanyayo olubomvu lweSultanka luyabonakala ngokusobala luphuzi lube umbala ophuzi, kepha umbala wotshani onesikhumba awuguquki. Ngaphansi kwesultanka imhlophe.
Incazelo yokuzala
Inhloko incane futhi imfushane nge-crest enkulu, ebanzi ngosayizi hens. Uqhwaku lufushane futhi lugobekile kancane, lunokuvuleka okukhulu kwamakhala, kumhlophe ngombala omhlophe. I-crest ifakwe uphondo, ithuthukiswe kahle. Amacici amancane kakhulu, afihlwe ngemuva kwe-crest.
Ingemuva iyancishiswa, iphakanyiselwe emuva engezansi, ngamapheya amahle kakhulu. Umsila ubanzi, ubabazekayo, unenombolo enkulu yama-plaits. Izimpiko zinde, ziphansi futhi zicindezelwe emzimbeni. Imibala enezinwele ezimfishane, ezimfishane, ezihlukaniswe zahlukene. Ama-metatarsus anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afihlwe “ngamaphinifa” wezimpaphe. Kudingeka izinzwane ezinhlanu.
Izinkukhu zansuku zonke zimbozwe ngokuphelele nge-fluff emhlophe, kufaka phakathi ikhanda, izinsimbi zeminwe kanye neminwe. Isisindo esijwayelekile singama-30 amagremu.
AbakwaSultankan banobuntu obuhle obunobungane, banamathela kumnikazi ngokushesha, kulula ukufunda, ukukhumbula izwi labo kanye nemisindo. Futhi banesibalo esikhulu samandla nomsebenzi ophakeme. Abahleleli ukulwa bodwa futhi bayazithanda ezinye izinyoni nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Isifiso sokubeletha sithuthukiswa kakhulu, izinkukhu zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubopha iziphambano ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo zemvelo ezilahlekile.. Isifukamisi salokhu kuzalanisa kwesinye isikhathi ngokuvamile asidingeki. Izinga lokusinda kwezilwane ezisencane limayelana ne-90-92%.
Kungcono ukubuyisa umhlambi njalo emva kweminyaka emi-3 - emva konyaka wesithathu wokuphila, ukubekwa kwezikhukhukazi kanye nekhwalithi yenyama kuqala ukwehla ekubekeni izinkukhu. Izilwane ezisencane zokuvuselelwa kwegazi zitholakala zineminyaka eyi-4-5 ubudala.
Izinzuzo:
- izici zokuhlobisa
- umlingiswa onobungane
- ukulula kokuqukethwe
- ukunambitheka okuhle kwamaqanda nenyama,
- ithuthukise imvelo yomama.
Okubi:
- akakhiqizi kahle amaqanda,
- ubunzima bokulawula izifo zesikhumba ngenxa yeplamu,
- izindleko eziphakeme zezilwane ezincane,
- ubunzima ekutholeni izinyoni ezihlanzekile.
Ukuwela okungenzeka: akwemukeleki, ukuhlanzeka kokuzalela kuyalondolozwa.
I-Oviposition iqala ezinyangeni ezi-5. Ngonyaka, ukubeka izinkukhu kunika amaqanda angama-80 kuye kwangama-110 ukunambitheka okuhle. Inani eliphakeme lokukhiqiza liyiminyaka yokuqala eyi-2, kwesinye isikhathi lifike eminyakeni emithathu, bese liqala ukuncipha kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, kuba nekhefu ekukhiqizeni amaqanda, okuvame ukuhlala izinyanga eziyi-1-1,5 nokudla okufanele. Ukushintsha ipeni cishe akunabuhlungu, noma kunjalo, ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni ziba sengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene nezifo zesikhumba.
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kuphansi ngenxa yesisindo esiphansi senyoni, kepha inyama inezimpawu zokudla kanye nokuqina okuphakeme. Ngokuvamile i-Slaughter yenziwa eneminyaka engu-6-7 ubudala.
Indlela yokuphila
Imisindo elenziwa yinkukhu yakwaSultan ihlukahlukene: ukububula, ukugunda, ukuhleka, ukuhleka. Emhlambini, izinyoni zibiza ukukhala okuyihlaya kwe- "chak-chak."
Inkukhu yeSultan ikakhulukazi inyoni ehlala phansi. Ihlala kuyo yonke imizimba yamanzi amasha kanye nasezindaweni ezinosawoti ezinosawoti ezinobukhulu, amathokheni angenakufinyeleleka omhlanga nawekati, ezitokisini zamabhishi ezigudle izimbotshana. Ukuze izidleke, inyoni yakhetha izindawo ezijulile, ezikhukhuleke kakhulu, lapho ihlela khona isidleke esihle. I-sultanka ihamba kahle emhlangeni kaningi, ngobuhlakani ayikhuphuki nje kuphela ngeziqu zalesi sitshalo, kodwa futhi nezihlahla, kepha isuka ngokungathandeki futhi indiza kabi. Uyakwazi ukubhukuda, kepha uncamela ukundiza phezu kwezithiyo zamanzi (imisele neziteshi).
Imilenze eqinile ingabasizi abahle lapho behlala endaweni eseduze namanzi. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ama-sultans abaleka kuqala
I-sultanka idla ikakhulukazi ama-rhizomes kanye namahlumela ezitshalo zasemanzini, kodwa futhi idla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla kwezilwane, kusuka kwizibungu zezinambuzane zasemanzini kuya ezinhlanzini, ama-amphibians, ezihuquzelayo, izinsalela zezinyoni ezifile nezilwane ezincelisayo. Ebusika, ingadla u-carrion. Izindawo ezithandekayo zokuphakelwa kwalolu hlobo zingamathanga angajulile, zihlangana ngokuhlangana okuvulekile.
Kuyajabulisa futhi ukuthi i-sultanka akuyona inyoni kuphela. Ibizwa nangokuthi inhlanzi encane yokuthengisa evela ku-percussion - i-Mullus barbatus.
Inkukhu yeSultan iyizinhlobo zemvelaphi yaseningizimu, ngakho-ke iba sengozini ebusika kakhulu.
AmaSultanok anezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo, ikati lomhlanga liyingozi kakhulu kubo. Amaqanda namachwane kubhujiswa ngoxhaka ababhemayo kanye namaqhude angwevu.
Ukuzala
Esikhathini esinenkukhu yenkukhu yakwaSultan, kuvame ukuba namaqanda angama-cream ayisikhilimu angama-4-7 anezindawo ezinamaqanda amancane ansundu. Kokubili okwenziwa ngabesilisa nabesilisa kufinyelela kubusika izinsuku ezingama-23-25. Izinsuku zokuqala, amaphuphu aqhekekile ahlala esidlekeni futhi bobabili abazali bayabondla. Lapho-ke amadada ahlukaniswe khona: ingxenye yamachwane iholwa ngowesifazane, ingxenye - ngowesilisa. Amachwane enkukhu yenkukhu emnyama uSultan. Abagcini nje ngokubhukuda kahle, kodwa futhi bangakwazi ukungena emanzini basengozini.
Encwadini Ebomvu YaseRussia
I-Sultanka yizinhlobo ezingandile ngaphesheya kwethanga. Lobu buhle baseningizimu busaba ubusika baseRussia obandayo. Ngempela, lapho izidumbu zamanzi zibanda, izinyoni ziyaphoqeleka ukuba zifike ogwini, lapho izimo zokuphila kwazo zisekude. Lapha baba izisulu ezilula zabazingeli nabazingeli. Ezitheni zemvelo ze-sultanka, eziyingozi kakhulu yizimpungushe, izimpisi, izingulube zasendle, amagwababa namakhwezi.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Umbuso: izilwane (Animalia).
Uhlobo: chordates (Chordata).
Ibanga: izinyoni (i-Aves).
Isigcawu: crane-like (Gruiformes).
Umndeni: inkomazi (iRallidae).
Ubulili: ISultanas (Porphyrio).
Buka: ISultan (Porphyrio porphyrio).
Ukubukeka
I-Sultanka (Porphyrio porphyrio) - inyoni enkulu kunalokho, ubude bayo bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-40-50, ngamaphiko ama-81-89 cm. Inomzimba onamasheya omsila omfishane, uqhwaku olukhulu olunamandla, ibala ebunzini kanye ne-paws eneminwe emide ebonakalayo - ibomvu, kanti nomsila ongaphansi umhlophe. I-plumage ye-sultanka ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokungafani nalutho ngombala onephethini yensimbi.
Indawo yokuhlala nendlela yokuphila
Indawo sultans likhulu kakhulu futhi lifaka izindawo eziningi zase-Europe, Asia, Africa nase-Australia. Le nyoni iphila ngendlela eseduze namanzi, okuhlala kuyo amaxhaphozi, ogwini lwamachibi, amadamu kanye nezilwandle, okugcwele kakhulu ngomhlanga, ikati kanye nezihlahlana. Lapha, lo sultan uzizwa engcono kakhulu, egijimisana namaqabunga ezitshalo zasemanzini. Kodwa-ke, ayiwele emanzini ngenxa yendawo enkulu yokuxhaswa eyenziwe ngeminwe emide. Uyakwazi nokubhukuda, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kokuqhaqhazela kwangaphandle, ugibela kahle emathangeni angenakungeneka futhi ukhwela ngobuhlakani ngeziqu zomhlanga namagatsha ezihlahla. Amakhono endiza kaSultanka ajwayelekile ezinyangeni ezihlala ezimweni ezivaliwe zezitshalo: zingashesha zisuka ziye phezulu, kodwa azikwazi ukundiza ende eqondile.
Njengezinye izimbokodo eziningi, ama-sultans athambekele ekwandiseni umsebenzi ebumnyameni. Ngalesi sikhathi, bondla kakhulu, futhi ukukhala kwabo, ukukhala ngokuhlekisa kuzwakala kakhulu kusihlwa nasebusuku kunasemini.
Umsoco
Sultanki kaningi zondla ezindaweni ezivulekile: ngasogwini lwamachibi naseziseleni zokunisela, osebeni olunosilika, emadamu asemiseleni, ngisho naseqeleni elivulekile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubonakala kahle ukuthi izinyoni zicishe ziwucwilisa kanjani umsila wazo, zibonisa izimpaphe ezimhlophe. Lokhu kuziphatha kuyaqondakala, ngoba ama-sultans ayizinyoni ezithandekayo futhi ahlala emaqenjini abantu abaningana. Ukondliwa kwe-sultanas kwehluka kakhulu, ukudla kokudla kwesitshalo: ama-rhizomes omhlanga, amahlumela amasha kanye nembewu yezitshalo zasemanzini. amahlumela, ama-rhizomes, nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Kepha zidla izinambuzane zasemanzini nezisemhlabeni, ama-mollusks, ama-repitles, ama-amphibians ngisho ne-carrion.
Incazelo yeSultan
Umzimba ungama-45-55 cm ubude, futhi ungaba nesisindo kusuka ku-0.5 kuya kwekhilogremu eyodwa. Ngokuqondene nomzimba, ikhanda likhulu, kepha intamo incane, imfushane. Uqhwaku olubanzi, oluvuvukele kancane, selugobile ekugcineni. Ngobukhulu, buncane kodwa bukhali.
Imilenze iqinile, maphakathi yinde. Iminwe incanyana futhi yinde, imiphetho ebukhali. Zombili izinsikazi nabesilisa emakhanda abo banosizi obomvu. Iphiko lingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-30. Izimpaphe zihlelwe ngokwahlukana, amapayipi aminyene.
Embala we-sultanka, imibala egqamile cishe ayinqobi, kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, avumelana ngokuphelele. Ngenhla, le nyoni imnyama yonke, futhi isisu, intamo nesifuba kumnyama okwesibhakabhaka. Kwamanye ama-sultans usengabona umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Le nyoni ihlukaniswe ngama-subspecies amaningana, amanye awo ane-undertery emhlophe. AmaSultanas ahlukaniswa ngombala obomvu okhanyayo ekhanda nasendaweni yoqhwaku. Ngokuqala kwamakhaza, izintwala ezibomvu. Imilenze ipinki.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo avela empilweni yeSultanka
- ISultanka ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi inkukhu yaseSultan. Umbala wale nyoni ushintsha kaningi, ungaba mnyama ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese ushintshela ku-tint oluhlaza okotshani, noma ube mnyama.
- Ezinye izinyoni zinebhokisi eliphinki elikhanyayo elinesithunzi esinomlotha, bese kuvela imifudlana kuyo yonke iplamu.
- Inyoni yomsolwa, ngokusho kososayensi, ihlukaniswe ngama-subspecies angama-24. Hhayi kuzo zonke izimo i-sultanka iyinyoni. Ngaleli gama, kusenezinhlanzi ezithengiswayo eziphuma ekuweni kwe-perch.
- Le nyoni iyathandeka futhi iyakhuluma, imvamisa yenza izingxoxo komunye nomunye. Ukusuka ohlangothini, lokhu kumemeza kufana nekhwela noma isikali, kodwa kukhulu kakhulu.
Ukubukeka kweSultanok
- Ake siqale ngesisindo - ubuhle obunemibala efinyelela ku-2 kg.
- Umzimba uqinile, uphakathi ngosayizi.
- Ubuningi bemibala emhlophe. Umehluko omkhulu ubukhona be-crest, amathangi nentshebe encane eyisitayela.
- Amachaphaza aphuzi ngombala onsomi, anemifino emihlanu, egqoke "panties" okhuluphele wezimpaphe.
- Ikamu lisesimweni sezimpondo, elingathuthukiswanga kahle (ngenxa yobukhona be-crest).
- Umsila onemuva wakhela i-angle engela, enhle kakhulu.
Ukuqala kokuqothuka kwesibeletho
Abalimi, ubukhulu becala, bakhetha izinkukhu zakuqala zamapulazi abo ukuze bathole amasende okuqala ngokushesha okukhulu. Uhlobo oluzwayo - luhlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Akufani kuzinkomba eziphezulu zokukhiqiza ebhizinisini lamaqanda - akunikezi abanikazi bawo amaqanda angaphezu kuka-80-100 ngonyaka.
Igobolondo amaqanda we-Turkish mhlophe , futhi isisindo sazo singama-gramu ayi-45. Inani eliphakeme lokukhiqiza eCorydalis liwela eminyakeni engu-2 yokuqala kusukela esikhathini sokuvuthwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinkomba ezivele zincane ziqala ukuncipha.
Kodwa, yize abesifazane baseTurkey benganikeli isibalo esikhulu samaqanda kubanikazi babo, bahlukile ekwakhiweni futhi bawusizo kakhulu ekudleni.
Imvelo yomama
Omama abanezinwele bakwazile ukuba abadume ngomqondo wabo othambile wokuzithela. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ekubambeni izinkukhu ezinqamule eziye zaphelelwa amandla ekunakekelweni ngumama. Ngakho-ke, ngeke uze usizo incubator ngokuzalanisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufuya izinkukhu kunamaphesenti aphezulu okuzala, ngakho-ke, ama-hatch ama-hatch ngamaphesenti angama-90, uma nje kubhekwa nemithetho yokuzalanisa.
Izinkukhu zeSultanka
Akwanele ukusho ukuthi izingane zinhle kakhulu. Izinkukhu zansuku zonke “Okugqokwa” ku-fluff obuthakathaka wombala omhlophe - futhi ihlanganisa ikhanda neminwe. Isici esivelisayo salezi zimvuthuluka ezithandekayo ukuthi ngokushesha zibopha, futhi lapho sezizinyanga eziyisithupha zibonakala kuyo yonke inkazimulo yazo.
Amacuba eza kulomhlaba eqinile futhi eqine. Izinga lokufa kwezilwane ezincane alikho ngaphezulu kwe-10% lapho kunezimo ezikahle kanye nokudla okunempilo. Enye inzuzo ukungathobeki kwabo.
Izingane azidingi uhlobo oluthile lokunakekelwa okungaphezu kwemvelo - kuyafana nje nakwezinye izinhlobo. Nawa amanye amathiphu ayisisekelo wokunakekela izingane.
- Isikhundla inzalo kumgomo 30 amachwane ngesikwele ngasinye.
- Gcina womile futhi ehlanzekile, ikakhulukazi ngenyanga yokuqala.
- Uma ufuna ukukhula ngezinkukhu ezilelekile futhi eziqinile, zihlelela ngohlobo oluhle lokudla kwazo - njalo emahoreni ama-2 kuze kube yizinsuku eziyishumi zeminyaka. Njalo emahoreni ayi-2,5 amasonto ama-3 alandelayo. Izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku ngemuva kokuphela kwenyanga eyi-1.
- Izingane zidinga amanzi ahlanzekile, futhi ahlala enamanzi amasha ngokufakwa kwe-disanganate potanganum permanganate.
- Ama-fluffies amancane adinga ukufudumala. Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kusukela azalwe, izinga lokushisa elilungile lingama-degrees angama-28- 30. Kamuva zonke izinsuku, kancane kancane anciphise nge-1 degree, ifinyelele ku-21.
- Bukela ukusebenza kwenkukhu - lokhu kuzosiza ukukhomba ababuthaka ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, futhi kubasize lapho bekhula.
Ukudla Inkukhu
- Ukudla kokuqala okuzogwinywa yingane kufanele kube ngamaqanda abilisiwe. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ungangeza okusanhlamvu kubo - semolina nommbila.
- Ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3, kufanelekile ukufaka imikhiqizo yobisi kwimenyu. Okufanele - ushizi wekhotishi onamafutha amancane noma iyogathi.
- Ukuze wandise amazinga okusinda futhi athuthukise impilo, imvuthuluka kusuka ngosuku lokuqala idakwa ngesisombululo se-glucose ekhemisi.
- Ekudleni kwansuku zonke kufanele kube okungenani luhlaza okungu-50%.
- Kusukela ngenyanga eyodwa, imifino ingeniswa.
- Ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo kufanele kuhambisane nobudala - izinsana zikhula ngokushesha, futhi ekwakhekeni okujwayelekile zidinga i-calcium ne-protein eyanele.
Yondla izinyoni ezindala ehlobo nasebusika
Inzuzo uthukiwe ubuhle bokuthi badla okuncane, yize bebhekene nezinga eliphakeme lomsebenzi. Kungakho, kunenzuzo ukusondela ngokuphephile kulungiselelo lokudla. Ngisho nokudla okuncane izinkukhu ezikulungele ukumunca kumele kuqukethe zonke izinto ezidingekayo empilweni nasempilweni yazo. Phakathi kwemithetho eyisisekelo yokudla kwezinyoni zaseTurkey yile elandelayo:
- Ukudla kufanele kwehluka.
- Ithebula lezinkukhu ezingama-55% liqukethe okusanhlamvu okwomile kwezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ungawudlulisi ngamabele, ngoba kuwo ubuhle ziyagcwala.
- Yondla abahlali bezinkukhu ezibandayo izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Ukudla kwasekuseni kokuqala, okuthe xaxa kuzokhiqiza abesifazane abaningi abanezinwele.
- Ukupheka kumanzi abaxubeki , khumbula ukuthi ehlobo bayonakala ngokushesha, futhi ebusika bayaphola.Ngakho-ke, nikeza izigatshana inani eliningi kangaka lamash elingakwazi ukujija ngemizuzu engama-30.
- Imifino, imifino nemifino yezimpande kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokudla ezingenza isidingo samavithamini. Kodwa, ngokuvamile izingqimba zidinga ukulekelelwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwamavithamini, ikakhulukazi ebusika.
- I-chalk, amagobolondo aqhobozekile, i-fishmeal yimithombo yezinto ezilandelwayo.
- Amathuba wokudla emadlelweni entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla ayogcwala i-klush yakho ngamavithamini nokunye okukhona.
- Ungakhohlwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile neziqukathi ezinetshezi.
Izimfihlo kanye nemibandela yokuboshwa
Njengoba usuvele uqonde kusukela kulwazi olungenhla, izilinganiso ngeke zikwazi ukuhlala ngokujwayelekile kumaseli. Kunconywa ukuthi zigcinwe endaweni ebanzi, enomoya futhi ihlanzekile. Yakha i-perch ephansi yezinyoni, lapho zingaphumula khona, ngesilinganiso sezinyoni ezi-3-4 ngemitha elilodwa.
Umqondo obalulekile ozokwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kwenhlanzeko ezindaweni ezi-klush ukuhleleka kwama-feeders afanelekayo nabaphuzayo. Ukungcola okwomile nokugcina izinga lokushisa likhona kuzonciphisa ukufa kwezinyoni ezindala.
Ubuhle baseTurkey, yize inyoni eseningizimu, lisakwazi ukubekezelela ubunzima ebusika baseRussia futhi ibabekezelele ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo.
Kepha, kusebusika kungcono ukuyixazulula egumbini elifudumele. Futhi, udinga ukuvikela amaCorydalis emvuleni nasezangeni, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza izingubo zabo ezifudumele - inzuzo enkulu.
Ukuhlikihla neqanda lokuphumula kweqanda
Emihlobisweni ebunjiwe, ukunyibilika kuhlala izinyanga ezi-2 (akuvamile isikhathi eside). Ijubane lapho izimpaphe zishintshwa khona ngokuya ngezimo zokugcinwa nokwabiwa kwezintokazi. Futhi bayeka ukujaha isikhashana ngalesi sikhathi. Ngemuva kokuthi "ijazi loboya" lbuyiselwe, inqubo yokubekwa kweqanda nayo izobuyela kokujwayelekile. Umsebenzi wabanikazi phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukubasekela ngokunothisa okuphakelayo ngamaxube wevithamini.
Kulesi sigaba empilweni, umhlambi uthinteka kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo izifo , futhi udinga ukubanaka kakhudlwana, futhi lapho wembula ushintsho oluncane kakhulu ngokuziphatha noma ukubukeka, mema ongoti ukuthi ahlolwe.
Ukubeka izinkukhu kungakhiqiza ngokubekwa kweqanda cishe iminyaka emi-3, bese kuthi ngonyaka ngamunye olandelayo, ukusebenza kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Kungcono ukuthi unakekele ukuzalaniswa kwesizukulwane esisha ukuthola amaqanda, ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2.
Yini ukugula?
Lezi izingcaphuno zingabizwa ziqine futhi zilukhuni. Kepha, noma kunjalo, kunezinkinga ezingabathinta. Khumbula ukuthi izinkinga zempilo yokubeka i-hen kulula ukuzivikela kunokuphulukisa. Nazi ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu.
- Ama-parasites - anendawo yokuzula ezingutsheni ezinhle kakhulu zabesifazane baseTurkey. Ukusebenza ngesikhathi, ukuthola kanye nokwelashwa kungasindisa impilo yomhlambi.
- Izifo zamathambo, zonke izinhlobo zamathambo. Isizathu singaba udoti omanzi, obandayo kwinkukhu yenkukhu nokudla okungalingani.
- Enye inkinga yokudla okunempilo kungukuntuleka kwamavithamini.
Yini ukubukezwa ngohlobo lwezinkukhu uSultanka?
Okubi
- ISultanka uhlobo lwezinkukhu ezikhiqiza kancane.
Ngakho-ke sahlola esinye isikhukhukazi esihlobisa. Inhlanhla nempumelelo! Yabelana ngokuqukethwe kumanethiwekhi wokuxhumana nabantu - vumela abangani bakho nabo ukuthi bafunde izici ze-quota zaseTurkey!
Bhalisela ukuvuselelwa kwesayithi futhi uzohlala ungowokuqala ukuthola imininingwane emisha, emnandi ngemihlobiso emihle enezinwele!
Izwi
Inyoni enomsindo, inezwi elikhulu kanye ne-repertoire ebanzi. Isebenza ngokukhethekile ebumnyameni, lapho imisindo eyenziwe yizinyoni eziningana ezijabule ingakwazi ukuhlangana kukhethi yendawo yonke. Imvamisa kukhipha ukukhala okuhlala kancane, okuhunyushelwa ezincwadini njengohlobo lokukhotha noma i-moo, okuphindaphindwe kaningana ngokulandelana. Imvamisa, ukumemeza okunjalo kuphetha ngochungechunge lwemisindo yokukhala kwecilongo. Okunye ukukhala ukubhoboza okubukhali, kwesinye isikhathi okubhoboza, okuqhekezayo, okwenziwe kunothi olufanayo ngamandla ahlukahlukene. Uma ukhuluma kuphuma ukuthula.
Indawo
Indawo yokusatshalaliswa isuka eningizimu yeYurophu nase-Afrika iye empumalanga iya eziqhingini zasePacific eSamoa naseChatham. EYurophu naseNyakatho ne-Afrika, ibanga lihlukaniswe kakhulu - njengamanje, yizindawo ezimbalwa kuphela ezirekhodwa eningizimu ye-Iberian Peninsula, eningizimu yeFrance, eSardinia, eningizimu yeTurkey, Mororussia, Algeria, Tunisia naseGibhithe. Inani elihlukile likhona ezindaweni ezisondelene nogu olusentshonalanga yoLwandle lweCaspian, okubandakanya iRussia - eDagestan naseKalmykia. EYurophu, le nyoni ngaphambili yayihlala insimu enkulu, kufaka phakathi ingxenye enkulu yePortugal enyakatho ukuya e-Coimbra, ezweni elingaphakathi e-Italiya, ezinye iziqhingi zoLwandle i-Aegean, eRussia ngasemfuleni i-Urals neTerek Valley.
Uhla oluphambili lutholakala ezindaweni eziseningizimu ethe xaxa - i-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, iMadagascar, i-Asia esishisayo ne-Australia, kubandakanya i-Australia neNew Zealand. Njengoba ihleli cishe kuyo yonke indawo, kepha, ezifundeni eziningi ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu eziphikisayo ithuthela emithonjeni efanelekile. Ama-Sultankas izidleke enyakatho yeCaspian ahamba ibanga elifushane eningizimu eya emithanjeni engenamanzi eqhwa eseduze. Izinyoni ezihlala ezigungwini zase-Andalusia ngesikhathi sesomiso ngezinyawo zazo ziya ogwini lolwandle oluseduze. Ukukhishwa kwalolu hlobo kwaphawulwa ezifundeni eziningi zaseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeYurophu, Sardinia, Afrika, India, Pakistan, ne-Australia. Ama-sultanas okugcina ahlala ewela iTorres Strait phakathi kwesiqongo esisenyakatho ye-Australia naseNew Guinea. E-Gambia, izinyoni zivamile, kepha kuphela ngenkathi engazalwanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindiza ezingahleliwe ziyaziwa eCentral Europe, Middle East, eCyprus, izindawo eziwugwadule zase-Afrika kanye nesiqhingi sasePemba. Uhlobo luvame ukusakazwa kabanzi, noma luhlakazeke kunoma iyiphi indawo efanelekile - lokhu kuchazwa ukwabiwa kwawo kabanzi emhlabeni. Ebusika obukhulu, abantu basenyakatho eCaspian bancishiswa kakhulu, kodwa ebusika obufudumele obulandelayo, amanani abo abuyiselwa ngokushesha ngenxa yezinyoni ezihlala eningizimu.
Habitat
Kuhlala amabhange agcwele amachibi ashubile, amachibi, imifula ehamba kancane kancane nemifudlana yolwandle olunemithunzi enamanzi amasha noma ahlanganayo. Ukugeleza okusheshayo kugwema. Igcinwa emathangeni aminyene futhi angenakufinyeleleka wezitshalo ezinamathela ngaphandle kwamanzi - umhlanga, udaka, umhlanga, umucu noma ikhathalogi, njengetshe elikhulu elikhuphuka kalula ezihlahleni zalezi zitshalo. Ubhukuda kahle, kepha ezindaweni ezingashoni ukhetha ukuhamba, futhi ezitshalweni ezijulile ezintantayo - ukwakhiwa komhlanga noma ukhaphethi wamaqabunga eminduze yamanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi, eutrophic, emizimbeni yamanzi enosawoti noma enodaka, bese kuthi nase-Afrika kube nokuchitheka kwesikhashana. Eduze kwezindawo zemvelo kuvakashelwa izikhala ezivulekile - amasimu erayisi, utshani, izingadi, amapaki nemiphetho yamahlathi. Ekuxhumaneni kobubanzi, kuvame ukuhlanganyela indawo nama-moorhen, kepha ngokungafani nayo, iyanqikeka ukubhukuda ezindaweni ezivulekile. Lapho iphazanyiswa ngumuntu, iyahamba ngokushesha, kepha indiza ingabi kude - imvamisa ibanga elingu-10 m, emva kwalokho yehle ibuyele ezingubeni.