Ushaka omhlophe onamakhanda amnyama (uMalgash) uhlukaniswa kalula kwezinye izinhlobo ze-sawtooth ngamathiphu amnyama ahlukanayo wamaphini we-caudal kanye anterior dorsal. Inendawo ebanzi yasemanzini ase-Indian and Pacific Oceans, ivame kakhulu ogwini oluseningizimu yezwekazi lase-Asia (ukusuka kuLwandle Olubomvu kuya Eziqhingini ZaseJapan), ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, eziqhingini zaseMalayan naseNyakatho Australia.
Prefers amanzi asogwini nasogwini, angaqabuki acwila ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-70.
Oshaka abanemibala emnyama bahlala ezihlahleni nasezindaweni ezinesihlabathi esithe xaxa, lapho kutholakala khona ukuthambeka okuphezulu, bangatholakala nasemilanjeni yemifula, emanzini acekeceke nangamabhakabhaka.
Ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo lezi zidla zanyama, umuntu angavame ukubona isici esibi senkemba ngensipho emnyama, asike ubuso bolwandle ngokuzethemba.
Ushaka omnyama hhayi owezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye. Ubude bawo obukhulu abufinyeleli kumamitha amabili (amarekhodi angekho emthethweni angamasentimitha angama-180), isisindo esirekhodiwe esingama-24 kg. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile baba shaka abudluli ku-140-150 cm.
Ukuvela kweshaka lomhlanga iMalgash (izimpaphe ezimnyama) kuwuphawu lwabamele lolu hlobo. Ukube bekungengenxa yamathiphu amnyama ahlukile emigqonyeni yamakhabazi e-dorsal ne-caudal, kungahlanganiswa kalula nabanye abamele abanye bomndeni. Ufana ikakhulukazi noshaka onamahloni (uCarcharhinus cautus) ngezimo zomzimba wakhe, kepha amabala amnyama emilebeni yakhe ahluka kakhulu.
Umzimba ubunjwe bucigar, unamasheya, inhloko imfishane, ihlumela libanzi futhi liyindilinga. Amehlo makhulu, ngokulinganisela okusaqanda. Amasondo we-Nasal (izindwangu zesikhumba phambi kwamakhala) ziqeda ukuphuma kwezingono. Amazinyo omhlathi ongenhla abanzi kunasemazingeni aphansi, acishe abe ngunxantathu, agobeke kancanyana futhi abe nomphetho we-serated. Emhlathini ongezansi, amazinyo mancane futhi mancane. Emhlathini ongenhla kunamazinyo asebenza angama-22-26, emhlathini ophansi - 20-24.
Amaphinifa we-pectoral mide, ayindilili. I-anterior dorsal fin iphezulu, inomugqa we-trailing ogobeke ngo-S, oqala ezingeni lokuphela kwamaphini we-pectoral. I-posterior dorsal fin enkulu kakhulu ebekwe eceleni kwe-anal fin. Endaweni yama-dorsal fins akukho sici sokuphakama komgogodla esibonakalayo sezinhlobo ezithile zikashaka abampunga.
I-caudal fin yi-heterocercal, amathiphu kanye nomkhawulo we-trailing we-blades zayo kumnyama.
Umbala womzimba kubantu abasha unombala ophuzi ngemuva, uphenduka ngokusuka kumhlophe ngesisu. Kubantu abadala, umbala wangemuva umnyama mnyama, onsundu. Ezinhlangothini kukhona umucu wokukhanya omude oqala kusuka ku-anal fin.
Ukudla koshaka obomvu obunemibala emnyama kuqukethe izinhlanzi ze-bony (i-mullet, i-gobies, ama-bass olwandle, njll.), Ama-cephalopods (squid, octopus, cuttlefish), ama-crustaceans, oshaka abasha kanye nama-stingrays. Ungasebenzisa i-organic carrion. Kwesinye isikhathi izinsalela zamagundane, izinyoni, izimfudu, kanye nolwelwe zazitholakala esiswini salaba bantu abazingelayo. Lab 'oshaka basebenza kakhulu futhi bajabule lapho bebuthana ngamaqembu nemihlambi, bangawela kalula esimeni sokuphamba kokudla (amarabi alambile). Kukholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo loshaka lusebenza kakhulu ebusuku.
Iziphetho ezinesifiso zenziwa ngabaphenyi ababambe iqhaza ekufundeni kwabasakazi eziqhingini zaseMarshall. Baphawule ukuthi oshaka abahlotshiswe ngomnyama badonswa ukuqhuma kwamanzi, imithelela yensimbi nezinto eziqinile ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Basabela kakhulu ekuholeni kwezinhlanzi ezilimele noma kwegazi emanzini, bafuna ngentshiseko imithombo yabo. Kuphinde kwaphawulwa ukuthi oshaka abanamabala amnyama ayihlukanisi imibala, noma kunjalo, umbono wokuqhathanisa uthuthuke kahle, obenza bakwazi ukubona ukwakheka kwemizimba nezinto zezinto emanzini kude.
Phakathi kwezitha zemvelo zohlobo loshaka iMalgash, oshaka abaningi oshaka, oshaka, oshaka, odokotela abasebenza ngogologo kanye noshaka ompunga abakhulu.
Ziyizinhlobo eziphila bukhoma zoshaka. Umjikelezo wokuzala kanye nesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezindaweni ezihlukile zohlu zihlukile kakhulu. Ezindaweni ezipholile, oshaka abanamabala amnyama bangakhiqiza inzalo kanye emva kweminyaka emibili, isikhathi sokukhulelwa singaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-10. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, umjikelezo wokuzala wonyaka, ukukhulelwa kushesha.
Ngenkathi yokuzalela, owesilisa uvame ukulimaza insikazi ngokuluma endaweni yama-gill slits kanye namapheya. Kodwa-ke, izibazi ezivela "ezinkulwaneni" ezinjalo zipholisa ngokushesha - ezinyangeni ezi-1-2. Imibungu yezinyanga zokuqala ezingama-4-7 zokukhula ithola umsoco kwi-yolk sac, bese iguqulwa ibe yipancake, eyixhumanisa nomzimba womama. Kamuva, umbungu uthola ukondleka ngeplanethi.
Ukulethwa kwenzeka emanzini angajulile, usayizi wokungcola koshaka basebusuku baseMalgash ungama-2-5 ama-40-50 cm ubude, akhula ngokushesha ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Njengoba bekhula, izinga labo lokukhula lehla kakhulu.
Abesilisa bavuthwa ngokocansi ngobude obungaphezu kwama-95 cm, abesifazane - cishe ngemitha.
Uhlobo luhlobo loshaka omnyama okwenziwe ngomhlanga olwaziwa njengobuthakathaka ngenxa yokubakhona kwalo ezindaweni lapho ingcindezi yokudoba kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo iphakeme. Inyama nezinsimbi zalezi zinhlanzi zimnandi kakhulu, futhi isibindi siyabaluleka.
Noma kunjalo, azikho izindlela zokonga umuntu njengamanje ezisetshenziswayo nomaphi, futhi isimo sokulondolozwa kukashaka omfishi obomhlophe siseduze nosongo lokubhujiswa (inguqulo 3.1.).
Le nhlanzi ingaba yingozi enkulu kubantu abahlukahlukene nababhukudi. Kusukela ngonyaka we-1959, i-International File Cabinet, eqopha amacala okuhlaselwa koshaka kubantu, inesehlakalo esiningi esingaphezu kwama-20 esifaka oshaka abamhlophe abanebala, abangu-11 babo abangazange bacasulwe ngabantu. Ngenhlanhla, ngosayizi omncane walezi zidlamlilo, azikwazi ukudala ukulimala kabi kumuntu, kepha zingaluma kakhulu futhi zilimaze ngokomqondo.
Izithombe ze-Fish shark shark
Ikhamera: Samsung Galaxy S8
Inqubo yokondla oshaka, yokuzijabulisa izivakashi
Ikhamera: Nikon D5000
Izinhlanzi Fishfin Reef Shark
Kubhekiselwa kuzinhlobo zoshaka abampunga. Indawo yalezi zinhlanzi iyindawo eshisayo, kanye nezilwandle ezisendaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngemuva kokudalwa kweSuez Canal, laba oshaka bawela olwandle iMedithera bazinza khona lapho.
Isidumbu, njengawo wonke oshaka abampunga, sishintshiwe, sinekhanda elifushane nelibanzi. Amehlo ane-membrane eshwabeneyo. Umbono wabo uguqulwa ukuze ubambe ukunyakaza okuncane kakhulu kwesisulu emanzini kude kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu (bangakwazi ukuzingela ngisho nasebusuku). Kepha bahlukanisa imibala nemininingwane emincane. Umuntu omdala angafinyelela kumitha eyodwa nesigamu ubude. Lab 'oshaka batholakala ekujuleni okuhlukahlukene kuze kube ngamamitha angama-75, kepha bakhetha amanzi angafani nezixhobo. Lapho, kulula kubo ukuthola inyamazane yabo. Kwesinye isikhathi lapho zihamba emgodini, lolu shaka lusondela ngaphezu kolwandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlawulo yayo ende yedorsal idalulwa emanzini, okuhlala kuholela ekuphenduleni okunobudlova kwabavakashi abaphumula eziqhingini. Kubavakashi abathola iMaldives, indawo enjalo yabasakazi nabantu ababhukuda ogwini kuyindida impela. Ngasikhathi sinye, ushaka omnyama awusilo usongo kubantu. Esikhundleni salokho, lolu hlobo lunamahloni kakhulu futhi luzothanda ukushiya insimu uma abantu bekhombisa intshisekelo kulo.
Lolu hlobo lukashaka alunandaba nokudoba okuthengiswayo. Yize inyama yale nhlanzi isetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Ingasetshenziswa isha, ibheme futhi iqandisiwe kwezokuhamba amabanga amade.
Ukuthuthuka kwenhlanzi uFryfin reef shark
Oshaka bazalaniswa ngokuzalwa bukhoma. Ukuhlangana kuvame ukwenzeka ebusika (kuya ngokuthi izinhlanzi zihlala kuphi). Emva kwalokhu, insikazi ingakwazi ukuthwala kuze kuphele unyaka (kuze kube yiminyaka emibili kwezinye izilwandle). Abasacathula badla nge-yolk, etholakala ku-yolk sac. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kuzalwa abantu abahlanu. Yini isimilo, ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, gazinga sesivele sinophawu lwayo olumnyama emgqonyeni.
Izinhlanzi ezondla iBlackfin reef shark
Ngasikhathi sinye, zingamaza olwandle akhuthele olwandle, kuyilapho ukuphishekela inyamazane kungakha isivinini esijabulisayo. Kepha ebusuku, ngesikhathi sokuguguleka kwezulu, amanzi abandayo aqala ukugelezela ogwini. Ukungatholakali kwamanzi afudumele elangeni nasemakhazeni amanzi asogwini kubangela ukwehla kwesivinini sokuhamba kwalaba shaka lapho behamba endaweni yabo nasekuzingeleni.
Bazingela ukuzingela insimu yabo bafuna inyamazane. Ngesikhathi sokufuna inyamazane, oshaka bangahlangana ngemihlambi emincane, ngakho-ke kulula ngabo ukuthi bazingele izikole zezinhlanzi. Badla izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi, ama-squid, octopus, ama-shrimp ngisho nezinye oshaka kanye nama-stingrays. Ngasikhathi sinye, oshaka uqobo bangaba futhi ukudla kwamaqembu, oshaka benselo. Futhi nezihlobo zabo siqu besebancane.
IBlackfin Shark Habitat
Oshaka baseMalgash bayizakhamuzi ezivame kakhulu zamanzi olwandle ahlala ezigodini zamakhorali, ezinamadwala ahlukahlukene. Lezi zinhlanzi zibhukuda ekujuleni okujulile - kuze kube ngamashumi amabili kuya kwamathathu amamitha. Lapho beyofuna ukudla, bangaya emafulethini asefekweni - izindawo lapho amanzi engamboza umzimba kashaka.
Ushaka wetshe lomhlanga olumnyama (iCarkarhinus limbatus).
Ukuvela koshaka waseMalgash
Ushaka omnyama onsundu ungowabameleli abakhulu boshaka abampunga. Lo mndeni uhlanganisa ne-tiger kanye ne-long-fin noma i-Galapagos shark.
Ubude bomzimba babantu abakhulu boshaka abensundu ngokuvamile abudluli ku-180 cm.
Umbala wesidlakela sombala omnyama ufana noshaka ompunga - umhlane ungwevu onsundu noma uluhlaza okotshani, isisu sikhanyayo, kwesinye isikhathi size simhlophe. Izingxenye ezingenhla zamaphiko zimnyama ngokuphelele.
Izeluleko zamaphini kashaka zidwetshwe zimnyama, ngenxa yalesi sici kwathiwa igama laso - izimpaphe ezimnyama.
Indlela Yokuphila Shackfin Shark
Lezi zidla sezinyobu ezisebenzayo futhi zokubhukuda okusheshayo. Ukudla okuyinhloko kokudla kwabo kuqukethe izinhlanzi zomhlanga, ama-cephalopods, ama-crustaceans (ama-shrimp, ama-crabs, ama-lobster, ama-lobster). Oshaka, imvamisa, babhukuda emaphaketheni, kepha abantu bodwa bavame ukutholakala.
Oshaka abamnyama izinyamazane eziyimfihlo.
Ukuzalela Amnyama Shark
Oshaka abamhlophe abanemibala emnyama izinhlanzi ze-viviparous. Owesifazane uzale oshaka ababili noma abane, ubukhulu ngamunye bufika ku-35-50 cm. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili emadodeni kwenzeka lapho ubude bawo bungama-91-100 cm, kuthi abesifazane kube ngu-96-112 cm. Lesi sikhathi sithathwa njengesiqongo sokukhula koshaka, kusukela ngemuva kokufika ukukhula, amazinga okukhula ancipha kakhulu.
Isikhumba sesikhumba esimnyama esinsundu nge-cub.
Ngenxa yalokhu, usayizi wamadoda amaningi amadala awudluli ubude be-120-140 cm.Izinsikazi zikhulu kancanyana kunabalingani.
Oshaka Abamnyama Nabantu
Kuyaziwa ukuthi oshaka baqaphile abantu futhi bayasaba izindawo lapho kuhlala khona abantu. Kepha noma kunjalo, amacala amaningi okuhlaselwa kwabasokhethi abanezinwele ezimnyama lapho abantu baziwa khona.
Oshaka abahlaseli abantu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Kuwo munye ngamunye, ukuxhashazwa yilowo owazingelayo kwakucasulwa iphunga legazi, elalingena emanzini avela kunhlanzi eyayihlotshiswe ngumuntu. Ezimweni ezinje, ukusebenza koshaka akulindelekile ngokuphelele.
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IBlackfin Reef Shark - Isidlakela esisebenza njalo
ushaka omnyama wedwala
Ihlala isebenza ngokunyakaza, njengoba ayihlelwanga ukuba ilele phansi.
Umfula wamanzi amasha wokuphefumula udlula gill kuphela usohambeni futhi ngaphandle kokunyakazisa izinhlanzi zanele.
Ayitholakali ijulile kune-75 m.
Bheka Izici
Iyazingela ebusuku, yize ihamba njalo phakathi kwemini, ihlangana nezixhobo zamakhorali.
Isisindo esifinyelela ku-45 kg kuyaqabukela sikhula ngaphezu kuka-1.8 m (max 2.33 m).
Izinsikazi zifinyelela ekuvuthweni ukukhula kusuka kuma-96-112, abesilisa ku-91-100 cm.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, izinga lokukhula lihamba kancane, njengomphumela, izinsikazi ezindala azidluli ubude be-131 cm, abesilisa - 134 cm.
I-Viviparous, izala oshaka abane, ubude obungu-33-52 cm. Ngokuya ngokushisa kwamanzi, ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyi-11.
Ihlala isiza njalo, ayihambi ibanga elingaphezu kuka-2,5 km. Indawo eyodwa yamamitha-skwele acishe abe ngu-550 yiyona encane kunazo zonke kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabasakazi.
Kubonisa ilukuluku lokuthi abahlaseli abahlasela imingcele yabo.
Kwesinye isikhathi bahlangana ngamaqembu amancane, kepha abakhethi imihlambi emikhulu.
Ukudla okuyinhloko ngokuyinhloko izinhlanzi ezincane ezinjenge-sardine, i-gubanas, i-sea bass ne-mullet.
Amaqembu alezi zilwane ezidla izimbaza, amadlelo aluhlaza edliwayo lemfucumfucu eduze nogu, ayeqashelwa ukuba ondle kalula.
Imenyu futhi ifaka i-squid, i-octopus, i-cuttlefish, i-shrimp, namanye ama-crustaceans.
Ushaka wamatshe omnyama awusiyo ingozi
Unamahloni futhi uqikelela, umuntu angasho ngisho namahloni. Kungasatshiswa kalula ukunyakaza okungazelelwe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kunamacala lapho abamba khona ukubhukuda ngamadolo, kaningi ngababhentshisi, ngokusobala ebathatha njengezisulu zabo zemvelo.
Kuzo zonke izimo ezaziwayo, ulaka lomhlaseli lwalubangelwa iphunga legazi elivela ezinhlanzini ezilinyazwe yichilo.
Ukuthandwa kwendawo yokuhlala ngasogwini kusho ukuthintana njalo nabantu, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi kuthathwa njengokungeyona ingozi.
Kanye nomfula ompunga. (Carcharhinus amblyrhinchos) ne-whitefin k. (I-Triaenodon obesus) ingenye yezintaka ezintathu ezivame kakhulu oshaka oLwandle Olubomvu.
Ngemuva kokuvulwa kweSuez Canal, yajwayela uLwandle iMedithera olubanda kakhulu.