Ubuke ubani i-movie yehlelo "Ukuthula kwamawundlu", Uyakhumbula ukuthi kwakujabulisa ini ngamabhu Ibhili ye-Buffaloukubeka onodoli abayizinambuzane emilonyeni yabo kamuva. Kwifilimu, izimvemvane zazibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yisigidi zezinambuzane emhlabeni, kepha mhlawumbe yileli bhabhathane kuphela elaba yisizathu sokudaleka kwenani elikhulu lezinganekwane, izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lokuqagela uvemvane I-Brazhnika kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, njengesidambisi sobunzima, baye bashushiswa futhi bacekelwa phansi.
Yini edale ukungathandeki okungaka kwalesinambuzane?
Esokuqala futhi, mhlawumbe, isizathu esiyinhloko sesimo esingesihle ukuthi uvemvane lunezifiso zesimo esifubeni, olufana negebhezi lomuntu elinama-crossbones (isithombe sibukeka njengefulegi le-filibuster).
Isizathu sesibili ukuthi "Ikhanda lika-Adamu»Inesitho esikhethekile esiyingqayizivele esisekujuleni komphimbo wayo, ngenxa yokuthi uvemvane lwenza imisindo ebukhali econsayo. Sekukonke, zingaba yizinkulungwane eziyishumi zezinambuzane ezihlala emhlabeni, ezingenza imisindo ehlukahlukene, kepha kuyiBrazhnik kuphela lokhu kucwiza kukhulu kangangokuba kufana kakhulu nokukhamuluka. Akumangazi ukuthi le mpahla yesinambuzane, futhi enogebhezi olwesabekayo emzimbeni wayo, sekuyisikhathi eside ibonwa ngabantu njengegama elibi.
Ukuvela okungajwayelekile "I-Brazhnika"Isebenze njengomthombo wokuphefumulelwa kobuntu obuningi obuvelele nobungcweti. Umbhali odumile U-Edgar Allan Poe endabeni "I-Sphinx"Saphenduka inambuzane enhle yaba uhlobo lwesidalwa esimnandi esingenabubele esihlwitha emithambekeni yezintaba.
Ugqoziwe uvemvane futhi UVan gogh, ngubani ngoMeyi 1889 wapenda isithombe, wasibiza "I-Brazhnik ikhanda efile". Umdwebi wakhubeka ngebhabhathane engadini yesibhedlela saseSaint-Remy wasipenda ngotshani. Maye UVan gogh wayenephutha, ekholelwa ukuthi "imodeli" ayidwebile yayidume kakhulu "Inhloko efile". Eqinisweni, wadonsa uvemvane emndenini ofanayo brazhnikovkodwa kwathiwa "Peacock-iso» (Saturnia pyri).
IbhabhathaneUfile noma Ikhanda lika-Adamu"- ingenye enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi komndeni wezimvemvane zaseYurophu, ngoba amaphiko ayo angafinyelela amasentimitha ayishumi nantathu ubude.
Amakhono okundiza I-Brazhnika azifani. Ungumnikazi wamarekhodi wejubane lokundiza phakathi kwazo zonke izimvemvane, ngoba angafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela kumashumi amahlanu (!) Amakhilomitha ngehora. Ngenxa yaleli khonoInhloko efile»Ungahamba, uhambe ngokwanele, futhi indize usuka kwelinye izwe uye kwelinye.
IzimpukaneHawker"Iphakeme futhi indiza ifana nendiza eyi-jet enomsindo othize ophansi (ngoba ngaphakathi kwesekhondi esisodwa lesi sinambuzane senza amaphiko angamashumi amahlanu nambili).
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngama-butterflies esiLatini aqokwa (lat Acherontia atropos) wahlanganisa amagama amabili aqinisa ukwesaba kumaGrikhi asendulo ahlala eHellas yasendulo. Igama lokuqala livela egameni lomfula wosizi "Acheron"(Enye yemifula emihlanu endaweni yabafi, igama layo elalisetshenziselwa ukuchaza zonke izinkanuko zangaphansi komhlaba). Ingxenye yesibili yegama lesiLatini isho igama lomunye wonkulunkulukazi bokuphela (i-moira yesikhathi esizayo "Atropos"), Okungukuthi, ngokusho ngenganekwane, usike intambo efanekisela impilo yomuntu.
Kunoma yikuphi, le uvemvane inendaba "ehlekisayo" kakhulu. Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki yikho impela lezi zinambuzane ezazibekwa icala lokusabalalisa lo bhubhane, ukwehluleka kwezitshalo kanye nokunye ukubabaza. Kukholakala ukuthi uvemvane "Inhloko efile»Kusetshenziswa kumlingo omnyama yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zababhuli kanye nama-warlocks, futhi abantu abakholelwa kwezinkolelo-mbono babona i-squeak ekhishwa yizinambuzane njengendlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwemilingo nemiphefumulo efile evela komunye umhlaba.
Akusho ukuthi ngokuba khona kwalezi zinkolelo-ze nezinkolelo ezifana nalezi, impilo kavemvane yayihlale isengozini. Umuntu kufanele azibuze ukuthi lezinhlobo ezinhle zezinambuzane zivame kanjani ukusinda kuze kube sesikhathini sethu.
Uvemvane lwabadala (imago)
Izinhlobo eziningi I-Brazhnikov bangabanikeli bezimbali. Iningi labantu abadala lidla umpe wezimbali, kodwa bangahlali imbali, kodwa bakingqe bese behamba ngaphezulu kwalo ukuncela umpe omuncu ovela maphakathi imbali nge-proboscis yabo ende. Ngekhono labo eliyingqayizivele lokufriza emoyeni, izimvemvane zaseBrazilhnik zabizwa ngokuthi "I-Hummingbird».
Zonke izimvemvane zalolu hlobo zinezimpondo ezinde. Umzimba ugcwele. I-proboscis yinde futhi iqinile ekhanda.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akuyona i-butterfly endala kuphela engenza imisindo I-Brazhnika, kodwa futhi amacimbi, futhi ne-pupae, yize imisindo eyenziwe ihlukile.
Isici esahlukile sovemvane "Inhloko efile", Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ukuba khona kwesifuba somdwebo ngendlela yogebhezi lomuntu, kwenza kube lula ukubona ukuthi yini. Izimpiko zangaphambili zesinambuzane zinkulu, zinombala onsundu omnyama, onsundu, futhi zinephethini elikhanyayo futhi zinegama eliphakeme. Izimpiko zangemuva zincane kancanyana kunangaphambili, zimbozwe ngumbala ophuzi futhi phezu kwazo kukhona imicu emibili emnyama eguqulayo. I-proboscis ayide.
Imvamisa, uvemvane lukhiqiza izizukulwane ezimbili zezinzalo, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithandekayo (ngokuhlala isikhathi eside efudumele) lungasinika isizukulwane sesithathu.
Uma ekwindla kubanda, iningi lesizukulwane sesithathu liyafa, lingakwazi ukumelana neqhwa lokuqala.
IbhabhathaneInhloko efile"Inomjikelezo ophelele wokuguqulwa, oqukethe izigaba ezine:
Amaqiniso esayensi, inkolelo-ze, inganekwane ...
Kuyamangaza ukuthi kunamahlebezi amaningi kanye nezinkolelo-ze ezizungeze abamele le nhlobo mayelana ne- "Dead Head". Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba we uvemvane unombala ongajwayelekile ofana nolaka lomuntu ngokubukeka. Lokhu kubhekwa njengokugqamile "okugqamile" kwe-Acherontia atropos. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi amaqiniso esayensi ahlobene novemvane awathandeki njengezinganekwane nezinkolelo-ze. Banikezwa isikhathi esithe xaxa sokutadisha.
Umdwebo, obekwe uvemvane futhi obonakala ngokugebheza komuntu, ugcine abantu abaningi besaba isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le lepidoptera yathola igama elalusekelwe ezinganekwaneni zamaGreek. Igama lakhona lahlanganisa usizi lomfula obandayo i-Aheon, okwethuse izakhamizi zaseHellas zasendulo neMoira Atropos, okufanekisela impilo yomuntu kanye nomhlaba ongaphansi.
"Inhloko efile" ngumndeni wezinja. Ubukhulu bamaphiko alo bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15. EYurophu, lesi sinambuzane sithathwa njengesinye esikhulu kunazo zonke.
Ukakhokho uvemvane "Ikhanda lika-Adamu"
Isibungu sebhabhathane eliyikhanda lika-Adamu ngokuvamile singaphansi komhlaba ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukhethwa ngaphandle kuphela uma edinga ukudla. Idla nge-acherontia atropos, imvamisa izitshalo ezingafinyelela kuzo. Kwesinye isikhathi kungabonakala kulezo zitshalo ezithanda ukudlela ezimpandeni zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, amaqabunga, i-nightshade nezinye izitshalo ezitholakala eduze komhlaba. Lapho isibungu siphuma emgodini, siyondla bese sibuyela.
Ukuvela kwesibungu akujwayelekile. Kwesinye isikhathi ubude bawo bungafinyelela ngisho namasentimitha ayi-13. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, umzimba wakhe uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu. Baze babheke umsila, ukufana kwawo ngqo (uphondo olugobile). Umbala wesibungu uluhlaza okhanyayo onamabala aluhlaza namnyama. Ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, ijika isuka ku-larva ibe yi-chrysalis, ngalesi sikhathi ichitha ubusika bonke, futhi lapho nje ifudumala kusuka ku-chrysalis "ishintsha izingubo" ibe uvemvane olugcwele, oluhle. Ibhabhathane lingaba sezindaweni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane ziyahamba zenze izindiza ezinde. Ijubane le uvemvane "Inhloko efile" - ababambe amarekhodi nendiza yabo ingafinyelela ku-50 km / h. Kwamangaza ososayensi ukuthi lapho izinambuzane ezindizayo zenza umsindo ongaziwa - ziyancwina. Ama-butterflies adla kakhulu uju. Ungababuka ebusuku. Zindiza zikhanya.
Izinganekwane Zenkanyezi
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kumlobi u-Edgar Allan Poe, “INhloko efile” isibe uhlobo lwemnyuziyamu. Ngemuva kokumbona, wabhala le ndaba "Sphinx", lapho isidalwa esingajwayelekile saphenduka isidalwa esimnandi, esenyuka emithambekeni yezintaba. Ku-cinema "Ikhanda lika-Adamu" kutholakala kwifilimu ethi "Silence of the Lambs." Lapha umlingiswa ophambili ubeka unodoli wakhe emlonyeni wezisulu.
Abantu baseRussia babekholelwa ukuthi akekho osondelene naye ozofa uma ebona uvemvane futhi kufanele abulawe. ENgilandi, kwakuthiwa abanenhlanhla nabathakathi basebenzisa i- "Dead Head" emicimbini ehlukahlukene. EYurophu, babuye bathi kungekudala nje uvemvane luzophenduka imvukuzane.
Ngokusekelwe ekutheni ukunakwa okuningi kangaka kubhekwe uvemvane i-Acherontia atropos, kanye nezinganekwane eziningi ezihambisana nakho, cishe kwakukhona ukushushiswa ngemuva kwe- "Dead Head". Kungakho izinhlobo zezinambuzane zibhalwe ku-Red Book. Kuliqiniso, awudingi ukumesaba. Kungcono ukuvuma nje!
