I-brown algae ingeyamaqembu ama Diatoms noma ama Diatoms. Yize eqenjini iDiatoms kunezinhlobo ze- "brown Algae", izitshalo zasolwandle kuphela ezifakiwe lapho (isibonelo, ulwandle lwasolwandle, i-kelp - ulwandle i-sea kale). Futhi maqondana ne-aquarium algae, onsundu ngombala kuphela. Babizwa nangokuthi ansundu, bomvu noma ophuzi.
Isici se-Diatom sithathwa njengekhono lokumunca nokucubungula noma iyiphi into e-organic. Ngakho-ke, ulwelwe onsundu okhula ngokushesha kangaka emanzini. Imvamisa, isizathu esikhulu sokubonakala kweDiatoms ukugcwala kwe-ammonia noma i-nitrogenous complements emanzini elimaza abahlali abangaphansi kwamanzi.
I-brown algae iyinkinga abantu abaningi basolwandle abahlangabezana nayo, hhayi abaqalayo nje. Ukwakheka kwama-diatoms e-aquarium kukhombisa ukwephulwa kohlelo lwe-biosy Reservoir olunabantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Inhlanganisela ensundu ivela e-aquarium ngokungazelelwe futhi ithinte izitshalo, amatshe nodonga. Uma i-algae brown e-aquarium ingeke ilwe, khona-ke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ithinta lonke ithangi bese iholela ekufeni kwezimila. Futhi ukuze ukhiphe udinga amaviki noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukwazi kusengaphambili mayelana nezimbangela nezindlela zokulawula i-brown algae e-aquarium.
Izizathu zokubukeka
Ungafunda ngokubonakala kweDiatom eshalofeni ngesibonakaliso sokuqala nesikhulukazi - inhlanganisela ensundu noma ephuzi eyenziwe phezu kotshani. Izimpawu zokuqala ukwakheka kothuli olukhanyayo noma ukungasebenzi emanzini, okubonakala kalula. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-plaque isulwa kalula futhi iphakamisa uthuli uma isuswe. Uma ama-Diatoms engaqashelwa, khona-ke ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi izingqimba zikhula phezu kolunye. Umbala uguquka usuka onsundu uye kumnyama. Ungqimba oluphezulu nalo kulula ukuluhlanza, kepha izingqimba ezindala kunzima kakhulu ukuzisusa. Ukubonakala kwengilazi ye-aquarium kuncishiswa kakhulu.
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuvela kwe-plaque nsundu e-aquarium, futhi ayincike ekunakekelweni kuphela, kepha futhi naseminyakeni ye-microflora ye-aquarium.
E-tank encane, eyethulwe ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezingama-3-4 ezedlule, ukubonakala kwe-algae ye-brown e-aquarium kuvamile. Kulesi siqukathi, izitshalo eziphilayo zisanda kutshalwa, zingakabi nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi ziqale ukumunca izinto zamanzi. Okwamanje, akukho lutho oluvimbela ama-Diatoms ekukhiqizeni kabusha.
E-aquarium encane, umjikelezo we-nitrogen ofanele nawo awusungulwa. Imfucumfucu yokudla nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi edoti iqala ukubola ibola ngokushesha okukhulu. Isimo esinjalo siyathandeka ekukhiqizweni kwama-brown Diatoms.
Kaningi kakhulu, endaweni yokugcina encane, i-acidity yamanzi iphansi, imvamisa i-alkali noma amanzi angathathi hlangothi. Ngezinkomba ezinjalo zamanzi, izitshalo nama-microorganisms awakwazi ukudonsa amakhompiyutha amaningi. Uma i-acidity ingaphezulu kwe-7pH, khona-ke amanzi azoba ne-ammonia ephezulu, edla ngama-diatoms. Futhi kuma-acidity ngaphansi kwe-7 pH, amanzi aqukethe i-ammonia eyanele, esetshenziswa izitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Uma amadiphozi ansundu ezitshalweni nasezindongeni avela e-aquarium esebenza kahle futhi esebenza isikhathi eside, khona-ke isizathu esikhulu ukuqoqwa kwezinto eziphilayo enhlabathini nasemanzini, okuphenduka i-ammonia.
Ukusebenza kwesihlungi okungalungile futhi kuholela ku-panque brown. Uma isihlungi sivalekile noma singekho ngokuphelele, khona-ke amanzi awahlanzwa. Lokhu kuholela ekuqongeleleni kwezinto eziphilayo.
Ukufaka umquba nakho akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umanyolo ungumthombo we-ammonia odinga i-algae. Uma wenza umanyolo omningi, khona-ke izitshalo azinaso isikhathi sokuwathola. E-aquarium esemncane, umanyolo owengeziwe awudingeki, ngaphandle kwe-potassium kumithamo emincane.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi eliphansi lama-degree ayi-16-21 lishesha ukukhula kwe-algae brown.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubonakala kwe-algae ukunakekelwa okungafanele kanye nokuhlanzwa okungajwayelekile kwe-aquarium. Uma ungaguquli ingxenye yamanzi masonto onke futhi ungagezi i-aquarium njalo emavikini ambalwa, khona-ke izinhlayiya zokudla zihlala ezindongeni nasemhlabathini, eziwohlayo kamuva.
Uma kuvela ukugoqa okunsundu ezitshalweni, khona-ke imbangela enkulu i-iodine ephezulu. Iodine isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezithile zezinhlanzi. Uma ukwelashwa kwenzeka e-aquarium ejwayelekile futhi kuphindaphindwe, i-iodine iqongelela emanzini futhi ibangele ukubuyabuyelela kwama-Diatoms. Iodine ibuye inciphise ukukhula kwezitshalo, icasule ukulingana kwezinto eziphilayo.
I-Diatom ihlala e-aquarium isebenzisa usawoti wethebula ukwelapha izinhlanzi nokubulala amagciwane amanzi. I-Sodium ifakiwe ekudleni kwama Diatoms, futhi ibasize ukudonsa ezinye izinsalela zamaminerali eziqukethwe emanzini. Futhi njengoba i-sodium iqukethe usawoti, ukugxila kwayo ngokweqile emanzini kusiza ukuthuthukisa i-algae futhi kuphazamise ukuqeda ama-Diatoms.
I-aquarium imbozwe ngenhlanganisela emsundu ngisho nangoshintsho olunamandla embusweni wokunakekelwa. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kudluliselwa i-aquarium kumnikazi omusha. Noma umnikazi wangaphambili ayengayinakekeli kahle inhlanzi, angahlanzeki ukugeza i-aquarium, awusoze washintsha imvelo ejwayelekile yemvelo. Shintsha ukunakekelwa kancane kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho ushintsho olubukhali luzodala ukuhlinzwa ekuthuthukisweni kwe-algae.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-150 ngemuva kokutholwa kwezinhlobo zeDiatom, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 zatholakala ngokusemthethweni, ezibandakanya izinhlobo ezingama-5,000. Kepha kukholelwa ukuthi inani labo, kufaka phakathi elingakatholakali, liyizinkulungwane eziyi-10,000 ukuya ku-20 000,000. Ukubuka konke kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: I-centric ne-pennate Diatoms.
Zonke izinhlobo zihlukaniswe ngokwezimpawu ezi-4:
- uhlobo lwekholoni
- ukwakheka kwangaphakathi kwamaseli,
- isakhiwo segobolondo
- inani nefomu lama-chloroplasts aqukethe.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu emvelweni yemvelo yiNavikula, iPinularia neZimbella.
Navikula
INavikula - indawo ethathwa njengemvelo yama-unicellular, ingumnyango we-diatom. Kwakha ingxenye ebalulekile yeplankton engaphansi kwamanzi. Kutholwe u-Ernst Haeckel.
Lolu hlobo lwe-algae luyilo oluningi kunawo wonke, luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10,000. Ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, isitokisi seNavikula sifana ne-oval eyelulelwe emaphethelweni, ngakho-ke esiLatini sisho ukuthi "Isikebhe". Indawo le inezinto ezinkulu, uNavikula uhlala enhlabathini, uhlala emadwaleni futhi utholakala imifula, amachibi nolwandle.
Bazondla nge-photosynthesis yamandla elanga. Ekunyakazeni ebusweni, imfihlo yomsipha ifihlakala, esiza ukusiza.
Ziba matasa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngasikhathi sinye zivame ukubekezelela ezindaweni zasemanzini. Kwi-vivo bakha ingxenye ebalulekile yephakethe lokudla.
I-Pinnularia
I-Pinnularia iyi-alga enama-unicellular ehlala kumabhodlela ezindikimba zamanzi. Iseli liqukethe ama-halves ama-2 axhunyiwe, phakathi nendawo lapho i-nucleus itholakala khona kubhuloho le-protoplasmic. Kusatshalaliswa ukwahlukaniswa kwamaseli njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5, ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa, ingxenye ye-carapace ihlala esitokisini esihlukanisiwe, esesibili kumama. Ingxenye yegobolondo elahlekile ikhula emuva kwamahora ambalwa.
Ihamba ngentshiseko phakathi kwesilika ezansi, imvamisa ingena ezinhlanzini zasekhaya. Umsebenzi ophakeme uboniswa esikhathini esifudumele sehlobo-sekwindla.
ICymbella
ICymbella iyi-alga evela kuhlobo lwe-Diatoms, inokwakheka kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Amaseli ngesimo sobunxande obude, ngaphandle kufana ne-oval, i-ellipse. Kusebenza kakhulu ehlobo. Isikhathi eside, ama-cymbella ayakwazi ukulungisa endaweni eyodwa futhi angahambi. Isikhathi esisele baqhubekela phansi phansi beyofuna ukudla.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwezibungu zezinambuzane ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ezidliwa kamuva yinhlanzi, yi-cymbella.
Izindlela zomzabalazo
Udinga ukuqala ngokulwa namaDiatoms ekuqaleni kokubonakala kwawo, uma kungenjalo-ke ukuqeda i-algae brown ku-aquarium kuzoba kokuphindwe kabili. Phakathi kwezindlela zokuhlanza, ukukhanyisa, amakhemikhali, izindlela ezingokomzimba nezokuzalwa kanye nokuhlanzeka kokuhlanzeka kwe-aquarium kubhekwa njengokusebenzayo kakhulu.
Ukugcina izimo zilungile
Umbuso ofanele wosuku, amazinga okushisa nawamanzi, ukudla okulinganiselayo kuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwezinambuzane. Kodwa uma i-algae isabonakala, khona-ke ukunakekelwa okufanele kuzosiza nokuzisusa. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ye-plaque izokwenzeka uma i-aquarium ingahlanzeki ihlanzwe noma ingekho kwikhwalithi embi kanye nokushintsha kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke, manje masonto onke buyisela ingxenye yamanzi, cishe i-1/3 noma i-1/4 yesabelo. Ngokungcoliswa okunamandla kwe-aquarium, ukufaka esikhundleni kuvame kakhulu. Amanzi kufanele ahlanzekile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Uma ngaphambi kwalokho i-aquarium yayinokushisa okuphansi kwama-degree angama-18-22, bese uyikhuphula ngamadigri amaningana (inqobo nje uma lokhu kungabalimazi inhlanzi). Izinga lokushisa lama-23- 23 degrees lizokwanela
Ukuqongelelwa kwezinto ezi-organic kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-plaque ebomvu, ngakho-ke lungisa okuphakelayo kwabakhileyo. Konke ukudla kufanele kudliwe kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15 ukucwiliswa emanzini. Uma inhlanzi ishiya ingxenye yokudla, yinqume izingxenyana bese ususa ukudla okweqile emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinhlayiya zokudla zihlala phansi, zivale emhlabathini bese inqubo yokubola iqale.
Ijubane lokungcola kwe-aquarium ngogazi oludliwa yi-algae libuye lincike kwinani lezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngenani elikhulu lezinhlanzi, amanzi kufanele ahlanzwe futhi afafazwe kaningi kunokuba nomhlambi omncane.
Hlola ikhwalithi yamanzi empompo. Kwesinye isikhathi iba nokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus ephezulu, nakho okudala ukubonakala kwe-plaque.
Isibani
Imbangela yokubonakala kwe-algae futhi nokukhanya kwe-aquarium, okude kakhulu noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amahora amafushane wemini. Lokhu kwandisa ijubane lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali ku-aquarium kanye ne-algae kuzoqala ukwanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Isikhathi eside sasemini e-aquarium encane siyingozi kakhulu.
Ukususa i-plaque, yehlisa ubude besikhathi sokukhanya kosuku kube amahora ayi-6 ngosuku izinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho, buyela kumodi ejwayelekile yosuku, ukhulisa ukukhanya kuze kube ngamahora ayi-10 ngosuku. Isikhathi esisebenza njalo semini yemini sizoba nomthelela omuhle ekuhlanzeni kwe-aquarium nempilo yezinhlanzi.
Musa ukusebenzisa izibani eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma esephelelwe yisikhathi. Kepha awukwazi ukukuguqula konke ukukhanyisa ngasikhathi sinye. Shintsha isibani ngasinye ngesikhala samasonto ambalwa, ukuze abakhileyo babe nesikhathi sokujwayela. Ukushintshwa okubukhali kokukhanyisa kuzokwenza ukuthi kugxume ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-algae.
Izibani ezingahloselwe ukukhanyisela i-aquarium ziyakwazi futhi ukubangela ukugoba okunsundu ematsheni nasezitshalweni. Ngamandla acishe abe ngu-1 W / litre, alungele ukukhanyiswa nokulahlwa.
Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile kwesinye isikhathi nakho kudala ukuthi ama-algae akhule kakhulu. Kungcono ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo kungakhanyisi i-aquarium isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa ngosuku.
Izindlela zamakhemikhali
Sebenzisa i-chemistry ekulweni ne-algae ecaleni lokugcina, lapho ezinye izindlela zingazange zisize, ngoba noma yikuphi ukungenelela kwamakhemikhali kulimaza inhlanzi futhi kushintshe ukulinganisela kwe-bio e-aquarium. Ngokuhlanzwa kwamakhemikhali, amalungiselelo afanele:
Le mishanguzo ihlanza ngokushesha i-aquarium, kepha izimbangela ze-algae azisuswanga, ngakho-ke ngemuva kwesikhashana zingabuya.
Ama-diatoms (brown) algae e-aquarium
Umlayezo OkweRoma »Novemba 22, 2016 11: 32 AM
Ama-Diatoms (Diatomeae), kanye ne-brown Silicones (Bacillariophyta) (Phaeophyta) neBrown ne-Quartz algae efanayo. (Ama-Diatoms, ama-brown Diatom Algae, i-Diatom noma i-Golden Algae).
Lolu hlobo lwe-algae lungaba unicellular noma colonies. Ama-diatoms ahunyushwe kusuka esiGrekini - "Wehlukaniswe ngesigamu." Iseli le-diatom linemibala ephuzi e-brown-brown, kanye negobolondo le-silicon eliqinile, ngenxa ye-silicon oxide. Njengoba ama-diatoms eyisakhi esibaluleke kakhulu seplanethi yasolwandle, enza ikota yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.
Ukusakazeka kwalolu hlobo lwe-algae kwenzeka ngokuhlukana. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zi-algae zinegobolondo eliqinile le-silicon, azikwazi ukukhula okunye. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-diatoms ziyakwazi ukuhamba ebusweni ngenxa yokukhishwa kwe-mucus.
Njengomthetho, ama-diatoms avela ezigabeni zokuqala zokuqaliswa kwe-aquarium. Lokhu kukhula kungakheka ezindongeni ze-aquarium, imihlobiso, imishini, inhlabathi nezitshalo ze-aquarium. I-Diatom ukwakheka okuminyene kombala onsundu okufana nezinhlabathi zesihlabathi. Lapho ikhula ngalezi zilokishi, i-aquarium ibukeka njengengcolile, hhayi ebukekayo; izitshalo zasemanzini nazo ziyahlupheka.
Izizathu zokuvela kwalezi zilwane kufanele zifaniswe ngokuyinhloko nokukhanya okungalungile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-algae brown ekukhanyeni okuphansi kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwe-silicate okwandayo ku-aquarium ne-pH ephezulu ye-pH (> 7.5) nakho kuyisisusa esinamandla sokubonakala kwama-diatoms. Njengomthetho, ama-diatoms avame ukubonakala ezindaweni zasemanzini ezisanda kuqhutshwa, ngenxa yokukhishwa okuphezulu kwesilayidi kusuka enhlabathini, nangenxa yokukhanya okuphansi kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli mwala lithanda ukukhanyiswa okuphansi, okusho ukuthi lingakhula ngamakhona amnyama we-aquarium enekazi ngokulinganayo. Futhi, izimbangela ze-brown algae zingabikwa njengokuntuleka noma ngokweqile kwama-macronutrients, kanye nokungalingani kwesilinganiso se-No3 / Po4 (nitrate / phosphate). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela ingaba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CO2 ekukhanyeni okuphansi (kungabi ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-8). Yebo, ukusetshenziswa kwesihlabathi se-quartz njengomhlabathi nakho kungaba imbangela ye-algae brown.
Izindlela zokulawula i-brown algae zifaka, okokuqala, ukwanda kwamahora okukhanya kosuku, ukufakwa kwamalambu aphelelwe yisikhathi, kanye nokwanda kwamandla okukhanya. Futhi, kuyalulekwa ukugcina izinga lokushisa ku-aquarium lingaphansi kwe-24 degrees. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uqhubeke nokuhlanzeka ku-aquarium, ushintshe njalo amanzi, uphonsa inhlabathi, uhlanze izinto zokuhlunga ze-aquarium ehlunga. Ukwanda kwenani le-CO2 kuyasiza futhi. Empini yokulwa nama-diatoms, izakhamizi zasemanzini ezinjengo-SAE (abadli be-algae), ama-ottotsinklusy, iminenke zizosiza kahle. Lapho imishini yokuhlanza ngomshini ivela ku-algae brown, izinsalela zazo kufanele ziqoqwe nge-siphon emhlabathini, ngoba zingakhipha ama-silits. Izindlela zokuhlanza amakhemikhali zifaka ama-penicillin nama-bitsellin - ama-5. Copper ne-zinc alwa kahle nge-algae brown, kepha khumbula ukuthi lezi zinsimbi ziyingozi kuma-shrimps e-aquarium. Futhi, amaphilisi akhethekile asebenza kahle - u-Algetten.
Kuyini brown algae?
Lezi izidalwa ezineseli elilodwa. Ukuba khona kwabo akunakwenzeka ebumnyameni ngokuphelele.
Kulula kakhulu ukuletha ukutheleleka enkulisa yakho. Isizathu sokubukeka kungenzeka kube yinhlanzi entsha ethengiwe esitolo, izitshalo eziphilayo, izesekeli nezinye izinto ezivela kwenye i-aquarium.
Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi akufanele bavunyelwe ukusabalala, ngoba i-brown algae iphindaphindwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi maduze izomboza konke oku-aquarium - kusuka ezingilazini kuya emihlobisweni nasezitshalweni. I-microworld enjalo ayibukeki ibuhle futhi ayilunganga kahle.
Ungayibona kanjani inkinga?
I-brown algae ivele njengengubo emdaka noma emdaka emboza yonke into e-aquarium. Abanye babadida nge-brown brown (i-kelp ingenye yazo), kepha lezi yizinhlobo ezahlukene. Noma kunjalo, bangcolisa isitsha, besilimaza kakhulu kunokuhle.
Ekuqaleni, ukukhohlisa kunzima ukukuqaphela, ngoba ayinayo umbala okhanyayo futhi ogcwele njengombala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iba mkhulu futhi ibonakale ngokwengeziwe.
Ukususa ama-neoplasms kulula.Kwanele ukuhlanza izindonga ze-aquarium ngesikhafu esikhethekile, ubambise amaqabunga kanye namagatsha ezitshalo bese usula imihlobiso ngendwangu emanzi (noma uyihlanze ngamanzi ampomponkayo).
Uma ama-diatoms esekhule wonke umthamo, kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi esithe xaxa. Manje akunakwenzeka ukuba uzikrole, ngoba ungqimba oludala luqinile ebusweni, luvimbele ukufinyelela kwezitshalo ukukhanya. Inqubo ye-photosynthesis iyaphazamiseka, bese amaqabunga eqala ukufa. Ukuba khona kwe-algae kubuye kuthinte kabi izinhlanzi ezingazitholi izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kusuka emanzini. Ngakho-ke, i-brown algae esiteji esithuthukile isongela bonke abantu abaphilayo be-aquarium.
Ungabhekana kanjani ne-algae?
I-brown algae isakazeka ngokushesha, ithelele izitshalo ezingomakhelwane kanye nokuhlobisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-plaque emdaka e-aquarium ingaba yisidingo senkinga enkulu ngokwengeziwe - intshebe emnyama, okunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nayo.
I-brown plaque e-aquarium ingaba yisidingo senkinga enkulu ngokwengeziwe - intshebe emnyama, okunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nayo.
Ukuze ungahlangani nokutheleleka, kufanele ulandele imithetho embalwa elula ezokhombisa ukuthi ungakuqeda kanjani:
Musa ukweqisa inhlanzi. Izinsalela zokuphaka ngemuva kokudla kufanele zisuswe ngenethi uma zintanta ebusweni, noma ngesipon kusuka phansi. Ngokuzayo lapho udinga ukunciphisa khona ingxenye, ungavumeli ithangi liye kwisimo se-aquarium esebenzayo,
Isibani akufanele isebenze amahora angaphezu kuka-12. Kufanele futhi uvikele ithangi elangeni eliqondile, elinomthelela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwe-algae elimazayo. Amalambu amadala adinga ukushintshwa amanye amasha,
Ukugcwala ngokweqile. Inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi lenyusa ama-nitrate emanzini lifinyelela ezingeni eliyingozi. Izitshalo ngeke zikwazi ukubhekana naleli nani, futhi ibhalansi yamanzi izophazamiseka,
Lapho uqala i-aquarium entsha udinga ukulinda amasonto ambalwa kuze kuqale umjikelezo we-nitrogen. Ngalesi sikhathi, musa ukutshala izinhlanzi emanzini futhi wenze izinguquko ezinkulu. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho aneluleka ukuthi uthenge izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokulinganisa izinga lama-nitrate emanzini, futhi uqaphe isimo saso. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzovela ukuqubuka kokutheleleka kwe-algae,
Ukuvikela intuthuko esiteji sokuqala, kufiseleka ukuqukethe i-ancistrus, i-Siamese algae-eater, i-molliesia noma i-locarium e-aquarium. Basiza ukulwa ngempumelelo ne-plaque enonya ngokuyidla. Ungathola futhi iminenna nerethine noma i-theodoxus. Umhlambi wezinhlanzi eziningana ungayigeza ngokuphelele i-aquarium ngenyanga nje,
Ikota yamanzi kufanele itshintshwe masonto onke okusha.
Uma ama-diatoms esivele avele, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulungiswa okuthuthukile kwesitsha. Okokuqala udinga ukuhlanza yonke indawo kusuka ku-plaque, qala ukuhlunga nokukhipha, bese uguqula cishe ingxenye yesithathu yamanzi kanye ngesonto. Ukukhula kwezinye izitshalo kuzovimbela ukukhula kwe-protozoa, bese kunyamalala.
Izinhlanzi ze-algae-ezidla zisiza ukulwa ngempumelelo nokuhlaselwa kwe-malware. Ungathola futhi iminenna nerethine noma i-theodoxus.
Uma ama-diatoms avela emanzini "amadala", kunconywa ukwandisa ukufaka esikhundleni izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi kuqashelwe ukuhlanzeka kwenkulisa, kususa imfucumfucu yokudla kanye nemikhiqizo yokulahlwa kwenhlanzi, izindonga ezihlanzekile, izitshalo kanye nezinsizakalo ku-plaque, futhi kufafaze inhlabathi. Isikhathi sasemini kufanele sincishiswe ngesigamu ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Kumaviki amabili alandelayo, yandisa kancane kancane ibe ngamahora ayi-10. Ukulwa ne-plaque, noma kulula, kepha kuthatha isikhathi esiningi. Ngisho nemifino yamasonto onke kufanele isuswe kungakapheli inyanga.
Ungasebenzisa futhi i-chemistry ekhethekile yama-aquariums ngokumelene nemifino enama-unicellular. Zithinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microorganisms azuzisayo, kanye nesimo sezinhlanzi nezitshalo, ngakho-ke ungazisebenzisa ezimweni ezibucayi futhi unamathela ngokuqinile emiyalweni. Izindlela ezidume kakhulu yilezi:
ITetra Algetten. Kuyatholakala ngesimo sethebhulethi. Kusetshenziselwa kokubili ukulawula kwe-algae nokuvimbela. Faka ithebhulethi eyodwa kuwo wonke amalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Faka isidakamizwa kanye ngenyanga. Kakade ngosuku lwesihlanu, intuthuko iyabonakala,
ISela Algovek. Umuthi onamandla oqeda noma iyiphi i-diatoms. Kwanele ama-5 ml ngamalitha amanzi angama-20 ukukhipha unomphela umhubhe onsundu. Ekupheleni, izinsalela zezimila ezifile zisuswa ngetha noma i-siphon. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa okuhle,
I-Acquirer Algicides + CO2. Isebenza ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-algae. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi ugcobe amanzi we-CO2, okuthinta kahle ukukhula nokukhula kwezitshalo. I-5-8 ml kuphela yama-algicides ngamalitha angama-50 nsuku zonke, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa uzowubona umehluko. Ukwelashwa kuthatha izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezingu-7, kuya ngokuthi budedengu,
Sidex. I-ejenti ethembekile ye-bactericidal ebhubhisa masinyane i-algae e-brown. Umthamo we-Sidex unqunyelwe, kuya ngesimo, isigaba sokutheleleka, uhlobo lwe-algae nezakhamuzi ze-aquarium. Njengomthetho, i-0.1-0.2 ml / l yamanzi anele izinsuku ezingama-3-4 ukwenza buthaka noma ukuqeda ngokuphelele inkinga.
Kuphela kokuhamba kwesikhathi kuphela okukuvumela ukuthi uzuze izimo ezinhle futhi uzilondoloze. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kufanele utadishe ngokucophelela izindlela zokuvimbela nemithetho yokuthi ungasusa kanjani uhlaza oluyingozi, bese i-aquarium yakho nezakhamizi zayo ingahlangabezana nale nkinga.
Ividiyo:
Ungasusa kanjani i-brown algae ne-planaria ku-aquarium
Isimilo se-Botanical
Lapho kuvela ibala elinsundu engilazini yethangi lezinhlanzi, amaqabunga ezitshalo, amadivayisi nezinto zokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukulwa nalo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, indlu yezinhlanzi izobukeka i-scruffy futhi ibangele hhayi imizwa yobuhle, kepha inengiso.
I-Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) - Lezi yizinhlobo zama-unicellular noma zamakoloni zezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ukuzalwa kwazo kwenzeka ngokwehlukana. Ngokungafani nolunye ulwelwe, amaseli abo anogobolondo obunzima bangaphandle ngesimo segobolondo le-porous eline-silica ekwakhekeni. Ziyi-microscopic ngosayizi - ama-microns angu-0.75-1500.
Njengomthetho, ama-diatoms awekho ezindaweni zasemanzini ezinabantu abaningi izitshalo zangempela, ngoba lezi zidala zithatha yonke imithombo ephuma emanzini, futhi akukho lutho oludliwe yi-brown algae.
Imvelo enhle kakhulu ukukhula kwayo nentuthuko itholakala kumigodi emisha esanda kwethulwa, engahlukanisiwe noma engakhanyisiwe kahle enemihlobiso yokufakelwa. I-plaque ka-brown ivela nasezinhlanzini ezihlala isikhathi eside ezingagcinwanga kahle.
Ukulimala nezimbangela
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuvela kwe-brown plaque:
- ukukhanya okungahambi kahle kanye namahora okukhanya kwelanga afushane ((amahora angaphansi kwama-6-8), / li]
- amanani we-pH ngaphezulu kwe-7.5,
- izinga lokushisa lamanzi aphansi (ngaphansi kwama-22 ° C),
- Izinga elikhulu lamasilikhi emanzini,
- ubuningi be-aquarium,
- izinhlanzi ezidlulela ngokweqile
- okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwezakhamzimba nezinto eziphilayo,
- okuqukethwe kwe-iodine ephezulu kakhulu emanzini,
- Shesha ngomanyolo endaweni yokugcina amanzi,
- okokuhlunga okuhlanganisiwe
- ukushintshwa kwamanzi okungafanele futhi ukuhlanza izindlu zezinhlanzi,
- ukushintshwa kwesibani okungafanele.
I-brown plaque ayilimazi izakhamizi zase-aquarium, noma kunjalo, kuyamcasula umnikazi futhi kumcasule. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngisho nesendlalelo esingasho lutho se-algae e-brown sinika ukubukeka okungadingekile ezinhlanzini, sikhuthaza nokukhula kolunye ulwelwe olungadingekile - luhlaza okotshani obomvu, okuba yinkinga ukususa.
Ukuhlala kumaqabunga ezitshalo eziphilayo, ama-diatoms aphazamisa i-photosynthesis yabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ulwelwe oluhle nolunempilo luqala ukulimaza, ukubola, nokufa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusabalala kwe-plaque nsundu kuphezulu impela - ungabona ukuthi iqabunga elisha elivele livele lizoba nsundu ngokuphelele kusihlwa noma ekuseni. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo zama-diatoms kwenzeka njalo emahoreni angama-4-8. Ngakho-ke, izitshalo zasemanzini ezinsundu ziletha ukulimala ikakhulukazi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi izindlela zokusebenzelana nama-diatoms e-aquarium.
Ukulwa
Indlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokubhekana nabameleli abansundu "engadini engaphansi kwamanzi" ingokwendalo. Ukuze uvimbele ukwenzeka kwama-diatoms kanye nokubhujiswa kwawo, abahlali abalandelayo kufanele bavulelwe i-aquarium:
- i-otocynclus catfish (4-5 nge-100 l), i-girinoheylus ne-ancistrus,
- Abadli be-alam algae,
- ama-mollusks
- iminenke enezimpondo
- iminenke yeminqumo,
- imfanzi.
Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho abheka ukusetshenziswa kwe- "chemistry" okungalungile, ngoba ama-diatoms, ngokungafani nezinye i-algae engenamusa engenamusa, kulula ukuyiqeda. Into esemqoka ukuthola izimo ezifanele futhi ubaxhase njalo. Iqhaza elibalulekile kule nqubo lidlalwa izitshalo eziphilayo nezakhamuzi zasemanzini ezithanda ukudla lezi zilokazana. Ngokwesilinganiso, inqubo yokuqeda ama-diatoms ithatha amasonto angama-3-4.