I-Titania agrippina, isithombe
I-Tizania agrippina (Thysania agrippina) uluvemvane okukahlobo lweThysania, umndeni wakwa-Erebida, umyalo weLepidoptera. Uhlobo lweThysania luncane ngesibalo, lufaka izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zam uvemvane, futhi okwamanje azifundwa kabi.
Le uvemvane lwasezindaweni ezishisayo lubizwa nangokuthi "scoop of agrippa", "scoop of agrippin", "agrippa", "mfethu" and "umthakathi".
I-Agrippa inamaphiko amhlophe grey noma akhanyayo anamaphethini ngendlela yamabala nemitheshana enemibala e-brown and brown. Izithunzi zezimvemvane zohlobo olulodwa zingahluka kakhulu: kwezinye izimvemvane, umehluko phakathi kombala oyinhloko nomthunzi wephethini uyaphinyiswa, kanti ezinye azenzi.
Ngaphansi komzimba we uvemvane onsundu, kunamabala amhlophe, abesilisa bane-matte noma insimbi ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izimo ezimbili ziyaziwa:
- Uvemvane lokuqala labanjwa eCosta Rica. Ubude bephiko laso ngaphambili babungamasentimitha angama-14,8, kanti amaphiko ayengama-28,6 cm.
- Uvemvane lwesibili lwabanjwa eBrazil. Ubude bephiko langaphambili buyi-13.4 cm, kanti amaphiko lawo ngamasentimitha angama-29.8.
Kepha khumbula ukuthi le datha ayikwazi ukubhekwa njengeyilungile, ngoba lawo makhophi awaqondiswanga ngokuhambisana namazinga athunyelwe kumaqoqo wokuphamba. Okusho ukuthi, kukholelwa ukuthi, empeleni, amaphiko ayehlotshiswe kancane, empeleni, kuwo womabili amakhophi, ayengama-27-28 cm.
I-Agrippin scoop: indlela yokuphila nokuzala
Ngeshwa, akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngale uvemvane engafani nalutho, kodwa singakutshela amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-agrippa.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uvemvane luhola indlela yokuphila yobusuku. Ukuheha owesilisa, insikazi ifaka ama-pheromones nephunga likashokolethi wobisi. Iduna liyakwazi ukubamba ngisho nephunga elimnandi kunazo zonke kude nebanga lamakhilomitha.
Umbala ongajwayelekile wenza uvemvane ungagcini ngokuba muhle, kodwa futhi uyawuvumela ukuba uzishintshe kahle futhi ucashe kwizitha zemvelo. I-scoop ye-agrippin ihlangana nombala wamagxolo esihlahla, ukuze izinyoni zingakuboni.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi izibungu zezinhlobo ezihlobene novemvane i-Thysania zenobia zidla amaqabunga ezitshalo zohlobo lweCassia lomndeni we-legume; kukholakala ukuthi izibungu ze-titania agrippina zidla zona.
U-Agrippa uswayipha uvemvane elisondele ekuqothulweni?
I-Titania agrippina, isithombe
Ngeshwa, leli bhungane elikhethekile, njengazo zonke ezinye izinambuzane, seliseduze kokuqothulwa. Izizathu zokwehla kwenani labantu bakhona ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ashisayo, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwendawo yokuhlala yendawo yama-agrippa, futhi lokhu kufaka ukwehla kwenani labantu abaphethe uvemvane.
Ukuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile, umsebenzi wezomnotho osebenzayo kuholela naseqinisweni lokuthi izimvemvane zisondele ekuqothulweni.
I-Agrippa scoop ivikelekile eBrazil, esifundeni esiseningizimu neBrazil - iRio Grande do Sul, lapho umngcele oseningizimu yendawo yabo idlula khona.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-agrippina titania
I-Agrippa scoop inamaphiko afinyelela ku-31 cm, kodwa ngokwesimo sendawo engaphezulu kwamaphiko ingaphansi kwesinye uvemvane - ipigogo-iso.
Enye yezindlela ezinkulu ze-agrippina titania yabanjwa eCosta Rica enamaphiko angama-28,6 cm futhi iphiko elingaphambili lalingu-14,8 cm. Kwatholakala ummeleli omkhulu wesibili walolu hlobo lwezinhlotshana eBrazil. Izimpiko zomuntu wesibili zingama-29.8 cm, futhi ubude bephiko langaphambili bufika ku-13.4 cm. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bayangabaza ukunemba kwalezi zilinganiso.
I-Argippine scoop - uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngamaphiko.
Umbala wamaphiko we-agrippa scoop umhlophe noma mpunga okhanyayo. Kulesi simo, iphethini eyakhiwe yokushintshana okumnyama, okuvame ukubonakala amabala ansundu nokubonakala nsundu. Iphethini liqukethe imigqa emnyama ansundu namabhandeshi. Umugqa wephiko we-Butterfly. Izithunzi zemibala ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene bale nhlobo.
Kwezinye izimvemvane, iphethini elinsundu liyaphimiswa futhi linqobe phezu kwesizinda esimhlophe samaphiko; kwezinye, iphethini alibonakali kangako ngokumelene nesizinda esivamile sohlelo lombala. Ngaphansi komzimba kunsundu omnyama onamabala amhlophe ahlakazekile, emadodeni ane-sheen ekhethekile yensimbi ye-tint noma i-matte.
Ukusabalala kwe-tizania agrippina
Indawo yokuhlala kwama-scoops ama-agrippa itholakala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, uvemvane luyatholakala eMexico. ETexas, kwavela ukufuduka kwezinambuzane kusuka ezifundeni eziseningizimu.
Abesilisa abasemuva kwamaphiko banombala ogqamile nge-metenic violet-blue sheen.
Amaqiniso nge-Titanium ka-Agrippin
- I-Titania agrippa - uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngamaphiko. Kodwa-ke, indawo enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni yephiko kungenye enye uvemvane - ipulangwe-iso. Amaphiko we-agrippa angama-25-31 cm, lezi yizitatimende ezivela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene. Imininingwane ethize ikhuluma ngamasentimitha angama-29.8 kumuntu ngamunye owatholakala eBrazil. Kepha noma usuka lapha ungaphosa u-1 cm ukwamukele ukwephula imithetho ye-metomological yeilinganiso. Ngakho-ke, amaphiko aphezulu kavemvane, alinganiswa - 28.8 cm .. I-Titania ibhekisela kuhlobo oluncane lwezimvemvane, olungafundwanga kahle. Lezi zimvemvane zivikelwe ngumthetho kwezinye izifundazwe zaseBrazil. U-Agrippa uhlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu futhi uyatholakala naseMexico. Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lungelomndeni wezimvemvane ezihamba ebusuku, ngenxa yalokho lubizwa nangokuthi yi-scoop. Umbala wamaphiko ufana namagxolo esihlahla futhi uvumela lesi sinambuzane ukuba sizifihla.
Izimo ezenziwe nge-tizania agrippina
Izilinganiso ezinkulu kakhulu zama-scoops zabanjwa kabili. Uvemvane lokuqala lwatholakala eCosta Rica. Izilinganiso ziveze ama-28.6 cm wamaphiko. Eyesibili enkulu - i-29.8 cm, yatholakala eBrazil.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izilinganiso azenzwanga ngokuya ngemithetho ye-entomological, futhi kukhona iphutha. Ngakho-ke, kusuka kumasayizi akhonjisiwe ungalahla ngokuphephile isentimitha.
Incazelo ye-Agrippa Butterfly
Ibhabhathane elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni linemuva grey noma elimhlophe emaphikweni alo, lapho kutholakala khona amabala amnyama. Lo mbala umvumela ukuthi azifihla emgqonyeni wezihlahla. Imiphetho yamaphiko iyisono. Kumuntu ohlukile, umbala ungahlukahluka njengomithunzi.
Uhlangothi olungaphansi lwephiko, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lunamabala akhanyayo ngokumelene nesizinda esimnyama. Abesilisa bahlukaniswa ngokukhanya kwensimbi nge-hue ebubende.
Ukuchazwa kwendlela yokuphila ye-tizania agrippina kunqabile. Ngakho-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi izibungu zes scoop, njengamacimbi enye uvemvane lweZenizia tizania, zidla ezitshalweni ze-legume ne-cassia. Akukho okunye okwaziwayo mayelana ne-scoop. Ngokuvamile, i-titania luhlobo oluncane futhi alufundanga kahle uvemvane.
I-South American Tropical Scoop - i-Agrippina Titania
Yisinambuzane lesi esibizwa ngokuthi uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emazwenikazi ayisithupha ngokuya ngamaphiko. Unamaphiko amhlophe (noma ampunga). Futhi kuzo, njengokungathi kupopishi we-suede wasePheresiya, kwakukhona amaphethini ngesimo sezindawo ezinemibala emibalabala yombala onsundu noma onsundu. By the way, ngenxa yemvelo engeyona eyize yombala wayo, i-agrippina iyi-butterfly enhle kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Noma, njengoba besho, umbala nokunambitha ... Ake sikubize, uma kwenzeka, kungenye enhle kakhulu.
Futhi manje - kubukhulu. Imininingwane ekuphakameni kwamaphiko okuqagela okukhulu emithonjeni ehlukene yemibhalo iyahlukahluka, kodwa-ke, kunesizathu esizwakalayo sokukholelwa ukuthi le nhlobo ihlukile ngokwezinto ngosayizi.
Ngakho-ke, ezincwadini ezahlukahlukene, osayizi bezimpiko zomuntu omkhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni we-entomology ye-agrippina ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-25 ziye ku-31 cm .Kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akubona bonke ababhali ababika emithonjeni lapho bethathe khona imininingwane yabo ejabulisayo. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane ivame ukunikezwa ebangeni lamaphiko e-Titan ukusuka ku-270 kuya ku-280 mm. Kuyaqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi okungenani izinhlobo ezimbili ze-agrippina ziyaziwa, ezingabizwa ngamavemvane amakhulu kunawo wonke awake abanjwa.
Izimpiko ezinde ezihlukile ze-titania agrippina mincane impela, ngakho-ke indawo yazo engaphezulu incane kuneyezinye izimvemvane ezimbili. Lokhu ubuhle obuvela eNew Guinea namazwe aseNingizimu Asia yi-atlas kanye ne-Hercules butterfly.
Ama-Koccinosere Hercule
Izimpiko zaleli bhungane elikhulu kunawo wonke (elibhekisa endaweni yamaphiko) zingafinyelela ku-28 cm, futhi lokhu kungaphansi kwalokhu kwe-titania. Abesifazane banezici ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu, kuyilapho abesilisa bekhula bebancane. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa nabesifazane bahlukaniswa hhayi ngamaphiko kuphela, kodwa nangezinye izici zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, abesilisa "bahlome" nge "spurs" yasekuqaleni. I-butterfly iHercules itholakala eNew Guinea nase-Australia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumbona phakathi nosuku akulula, ngoba uphila kakhulu ebusuku.
I-Peacock-eye atlas
Le uvemvane lusemuva nje kosayizi okuncane ukusuka kwabandulelayo bayo - ama-heroines esifundweni sethu. Izimpiko zomuntu omkhulu kakhulu obanjiwe zafinyelela kuma-26.2 cm. Noma kunjalo, isilinganiso saso besisesimweni sesithathu.
Umuntu omkhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni wokubona amadada wepikoko ahlala esiqhingini saseJava, namuhla izimvemvane zalolu hlobo zingabonakala ezweni leRising Sun (China), Indonesia, India, Vietnam, neMalaysia Pakistan, isiqhingi sasePhilippines, kanye naseNew Guinea.
Njengasesimweni sebhabhathane leHercules, izinsikazi zamehlo ezinsikazi zikhula zikhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa. Le nhlobo yaziwa ngegama lesidlaliso "iNkosana Yobumnyama." Umsindo uyesabeka, angithi? Empeleni, uvemvane alitholanga nhlobo igama eliphakathi nhlobo ngenxa yokuba negazi. Ukudla kwalo kufaka amahlamvu ezihlahla nezihlahlana, lapho izidalwa ezinamaphiko “zizingela” ebumnyameni. Yingakho isidlaliso. Ngakho-ke isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuzibuka kusesekuseni kakhulu, kanye nokuhwalala.
Kunesinye futhi isici esijabulisayo ku-biography ye-peacock-eye - ukukhonza umuntu. Ngakho-ke, eTaiwan, ngemuva kokuba isibungu sibambekile, ikhukhunathi esele kulo lisetshenziswa izakhamuzi zendawo njengesikhwama semali yasendaweni.
Amaqiniso Ahehayo
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iTitania Agrippina imvemvane eyimfihlo, izazi zemvelo kanye nabathandi bezilwane zasendle bakwazile ukuthola amaqiniso ambalwa athokozisayo ngaye:
- I-scoop ka-Agrippin ithathe isikhundla esihola phambili ohlwini lwama-butterflies amakhulu ngenxa yamaphiko ayo. Kepha kule pharamitha, washiya isitha sakhe esikhulu - i-Peacock-eye Atlas.
- Iphiko eliyisilinganiso le-scoop, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, lingama-25-31 cm. Noma kunjalo, ngokwezitatimende ezisemthethweni, izibonakaliso ezinkulu kakhulu zalezi zinambuzane zabanjwa kabili. Lokhu kwaqala ukuqashelwa eCosta Rica, kanti ukulinganiswa kwamaphiko es scoop kukhombisa umphumela ongamasentimitha angama-28.6. Kutholakale uvemvane wesibili omkhulu eBrazil, ipharamitha efanayo ifinyelele amasentimitha angama-29.8.
- I-scoop iyakwazi ukuzifihla ngokwayo uqobo: umbala wamaphiko ayo ufana namagxolo esihlahla kangangokuba usondele kakhulu ekudluliseni isidalwa futhi ungasiboni kalula.
- Kwezinye izifundazwe zaseBrazil, i-scoop inqatshelwe, lezi zimvemvane zivikelwa ngumthetho njengezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuphela.
UTitania Agrippina - isinambuzane esiyingqayizivele. Ukuyibona kanye, umuntu cishe ngeke akwazi ukukhohlwa lokhu okukhulu, ngamazinga wamavemvane ajwayelekile, indalo. Ukugqama kwamaphiko okuhlaba umxhwele nokufakelwa imibala okungajwayelekile kwenza umphathi omkhulu wamarekhodi we-scoop, abekwe kuqala ngosayizi phakathi kwabantu abanamaphiko.
Amathegi: uvemvane, uvemvane uTizania Agrippina
I-Pyrameis Cardui: ukusula nokucacisa
IPyrameis Cardui kubantu abavamile ibizwa ngeBurdock. Ukubukeka okuhle, okulinganiselwe ngokulingana kwenza uvemvane ungalingani, futhi ngenxa yalokho kujabulise. Ummeli womhlaba omuhle wezinambuzane uhlala kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba.
Imvelo emangalisayo ayidinwa ukujabulisa iso lomuntu nabamele bayo abahlukile bezimbali nezilwane. Ubukhazikhazi bezimvemvane obuhle kunazo zonke emhlabeni bungabonakala amahora. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi kunemibukiso ehlukahlukene eshukumisayo yama-butterflies aphilayo emhlabeni lapho ungabona khona futhi ubonge ubuhle bezinambuzane ezindizayo eziyingqayizivele. Kuliqiniso, akuvamile ukuthi ubone izimvemvane ezinhle kakhulu ezisohlwini lokuthunyelwe kwanamuhla kwimibukiso enjalo, kodwa izifakazelo ezifanele zitholakala lapho.
Ezinye iziqhwaga
Lesi sihloko sahlola izimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Futhi kulomugqa kukhona:
- Ornithopter (birdwing) INdlovukazi u-Alexandra. Iphiko lingaba ngamasentimitha angama-26. Kwenzeka kuphela endaweni yesifunda sasePapua New Guinea.
- ISailboat Antimach imvemvane enkulu kunazo zonke e-Afrika. Kuholela empilweni yansuku zonke. Izimpiko zamadoda ziphezulu ku-23-25 cm.
- I-peacock-eye pearl - uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke baseYurophu ohola indlela yokuphila yasesikhathini. Iphiko lifinyelela ku-15,5 cm.
- ISailboat Maak - inundu wosuku, elikhulu kunawo wonke eRussia. Izimpiko zide zifike ku-14 cm. Iziduna zinombala omuhle kakhulu: imicu eluhlaza yemithunzi ehlukahlukene igqamile ngesizinda esimnyama samaphiko aluhlaza, amaphiko amnyama emngceleni. Izimpiko zangemuva zihlotshiswe ngama-spurs amnyama aluhlaza.
I-scoop yaseNingizimu Melika yaseMelika, noma i-agrippina titania - uvemvane omkhulu wasebusuku ovela emndenini we-scoop.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni - ngo-1934, umuntu omkhulu kunabo bonke onamaphiko we-30,8 cm wabanjwa eBrazil.
Isimo esifanayo sabanjwa ngonyaka we-1997 yisazi semilingo uMartin Callegari enyakatho yePeru.
Kuthunyelwe eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Kucatshangelwa umfuduki ovela ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeTexas.
I-Titania agrippina
Ama-Butterflies angelinye lamaqembu amakhulu ezinambuzane, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-137,000,
isibalo esiphelele senani lama-oda sifinyelela kwezinkulungwane ezingama-200
Ama-Butterflies yiqembu lezinambuzane elidume kakhulu kubaqoqi abazimele.
kanye nososayensi. Lokhu kungenxa yenani elikhulu lezinhlobo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene,
ukusatshalaliswa kwawo okubanzi, osayizi nemibala ehlukahlukene. Ukuqoqa imvemvane
kwaqalwa kudala. Emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-18, kwabaqoqela uvemvane abangamaNgisi
Ama-Aurelians uqobo - avela eLatinure aureus - “golide” (umbono wombala wegolide we-pupae wezinye izimvemvane).
Maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX elingaphakathi ezindlini zeVictorian impela kukhona ikhabethe elikhazimulayo,
lapho kanye namagobolondo, izinsalela namaminerali, kwavezwa izimvemvane ezomile.
Njengomphumela wemisebenzi yabantu - ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukulima kwezinyathelo zokugcina izintombi,
imfucumfucu yamaxhaphozi - isibalo sezinhlobo eziningi zam uvemvane sehle kakhulu,
futhi ezinye zazo zisondele ekuqothulweni.
I-Titania agrippina
Enye uvemvane enkulu, iPeacock-eye Hercule, luvemvane oluhamba ebusuku oluqhamuka emndenini wamehlo wepigogo.
Enye yezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, futhi enkulu kunazo zonke e-Austria, amaphiko angafika ku-27 cm.
Inendawo ephakeme kunazo zonke ephakathi kwezimvemvane - ifinyelela ku-263.2 cm2.
Saxoxa ngebhabhathane elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Futhi ngezansi kunezithombe zezimvemvane,
ngihlala phezu kwezimbali. Azizikhulu njenge-scoop tropical, kodwa zinhle kakhulu.
Ama-Butterflies angumhlobiso wawo wonke amasimu nezingadi entwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Kuhle ukubona lesi sinambuzane sinombala omuhle wamaphiko egatsheni. Kodwa-ke, kuyaqabukela ukuthi sihlangane endle ngama-butterflies amakhulu, imvamisa kakhulu kuncane.
Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ngubani uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, ubukeka kanjani nokuthi uhlala kuphi. Isinambuzane esikhulu ngokumangazayo esijabulisa iso ngokubukeka kwaso.
Ngakho-ke, isihloko salesi sikhulu ngesikavemvane i-titania agrippina - iphiko lesikhala sabantu abahlukene lingama-25-31 cm, kaningi cm 27- 28. Uvemvane lwaziwa nangamanye amagama - i-agrippa noma i-scoop ye-agrippina. Lokhu uvemvane obusuku, ngakho-ke igama le-scoop noma isibani sobusuku savela.
Ungalinganisa kanjani usayizi wezimvemvane?
Kungani kwenzeka kanjalo? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, othile wayefuna ukumangaza umcabango womfundi ngama-butterflies ngokungeza usayizi "omncane", ngakolunye uhlangothi, le mininingwane ivele ngenxa yendlela amaphiko ebutheli asakazeke ngayo iqoqo.Izimpiko zezimvemvane “ezomile” ezivela emaqoqweni zincike engxenyeni yokwanda kwazo - ubukhulu bezinga eliphakathi kokuphela kwephiko langaphambili nezimpiko zangemuva, likhulu kunamaphiko esilo (empeleni, hhayi i-ad infinitum). Leliqhinga elincane livame ukusetshenziswa abaqoqi bamangqondo ukudayisa kahle izimvemvane zabo, bengeze amaphiko ...
Ukubalwa kweTrigonometric kwe-butterfly wing ramer
Ngakho-ke usibeka kanjani usayizi wamaphiko kavemvane? Indlela ekholisayo nethembekile kunazo zonke ukubalwa kwe-trigonometric usebenzisa isibonelo sokuphakama kukanxantathu. Ngakho-ke, siphindaphindeka ubude bomugqa ukusuka kusisekelo sohlangothi olungaphambili kuya phezulu kwephiko langaphambili ngomgogodla we-engeli lapho lo mzila ubumba khona nge-eksisi yomzimba kavemvane, bese sithola ubude bephiko linye. Ukuwuphindaphinda, sithola ubude bephiko le uvemvane! Ngokusho kwale ndlela, enkulu kunazo zonke yamaphiko aqoshiwe eSaturnia-Atakus ingama-26.2 cm.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lweplanethi - emahlathini ashisayo ase-Amazonia - ISaturnia nayo ijwayelekile futhi bayamangaza ngobukhulu bayo, yize bengaphansi kweSouth Asia. Isibonelo, eSaturnia-Arsenula naseSaturnia-Cayo, amaphiko afinyelela ku-19 cm!
Izimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni endaweni yephiko
Izimpiko zika-Agrippina zinde kakhulu, nokho, ezinye izimvemvane ezimbili zingomphathi werekhodi ngokuya kwendawo yamaphiko - I-Peacock-eye Atlas neKoscinocsere Hercules. Bangabomndeni we-peacock-eye noma we-saturnia. Indawo engaphezulu yamaphiko awo isondela kumasentimitha angama-300.
Izimpiko zezinsikazi zezintaba ze-Koscinoscere Hercule cishe zingamasentimitha angama-27. Amaduna mncane ngandlela thile, amaphiko awo mancane, kukhona amaphiko amade ngamaphiko asemuva, afinyelela ku-11 ukuya ku-12 cm.amacimbi awo makhulu - 16- cm cm.Izivemvane ngokwazo zihle ngokungajwayelekile, umbala wazo uqhakazile, empeleni ufana nezinsiba zomsila wepigogo. I-Hercules butterfly iyasebenza ebusuku. Ihlala e-Australia nasePapua New Guinea, ekufuyweni kokuzala kahle. Amakhethini angadliwa ngamaqabunga e-willow ne-lilac, i-bird cherry ne-walnut, isihlahla somfudlana.
I-peacock-eye atlas inamaphiko angaba ngu-26 cm, kanti abesilisa bancanyana kunabesifazane. Amakhethini aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngamahlumela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, afafazwe ngamaqhuma akhanyayo, anjengefulawa. Ubude bomzimba wabo buba cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10. I-peacock-eye atlas mihle kakhulu - emaphikweni ayo ungabona izithunzi eziningi ezinsundu, kukhona amathoni abomvu apinki, amhlophe aphuzi. Elinye lamaphiko amane linezinxantathu ezanele ezibonakala obala. Ngomsebenzi wabo ebusuku, lolu hlobo uvemvane ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi "izikhulu zobumnyama." Kepha eHong Kong banikezwa igama lesidlaliso "inundu - inhloko yenyoka" ngesimo nokungajwayelekile kombala wamaphiko angaphambili. Ukuvela kwaleli bhabhathane kukuvumela ukuthi wesabise ama -tivtivores. Owesifazane, elinde owesilisa, angahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora elilodwa. Esiduna, njengabameli abaningi bomndeni we-peacock-eye, liyakwazi ukubamba ama-pheromones besifazane ngebanga elingaphezu kwe-10 km. Leli bhungane elihle kangaka alinawo umlomo, lizophila cishe amasonto ambalwa, lisebenzisa izinqolobane eziziqoqele njengesibungu. Izindawo zokuhlala kwe-atlas peacock-eye ndawo yiNdiya neChina, iVietnam nePakistan, iMalaysia ne-Indonesia, iPhilippines neNew Guinea. Ubuhle bavemvane bungabongwa eMos Zoo. ENdiya, le nhlobo ayitholakali endle kuphela - ifakwa emapulazini akhethekile ngenhloso yokwenza usilika we-phagar. Kuyinto evimbela kakhudlwana kune-silkworm, futhi inobuthaka obukhulu. Abantu baseThailand bazivumelanisa nezimo ezishibhile zale uvemvane njengezikhwama.
Izimvemvane izinambuzane ezimangalisayo! Isikelesi esingenasimanga siphenduka isidalwa esivele sithathwa njengophawu lobuhle nokukhanya. Futhi abamele abancane kakhulu kulezi zinambuzane, nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zijabulisa iso.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke
I-Agrippina scoop ithathwa njengommeleli omkhulu weqembu leLepidoptera ngokuya nge-wingspan. Imithombo ehlukahlukene yemibhalo ikhomba idatha ehlukile kancane ku-amaphiko amakhulu, asebangeni ukusuka kuma-25 kuye kwangama-31 cm. Kodwa-ke, ababhali abaningi abayivezi imithombo yolwazi abanikezayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, imithombo eminingi ikhuluma ngamaphiko amakhulu kunobubanzi obungu-270-280 mm. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi okungenani kunezimo ezimbili ze-agrippina scoops, ezingabhekwa njengezinkulu kakhulu ezake zabanjwa. Esokuqala sabanjwa eCosta Rica futhi sinephiko elingaphambili lobude obuyi-148 mm, sinamaphiko angama-286 mm. Eyesibili, i-mined eBrazil, enamaphiko angama-298 mm nokuphakama kwephiko okungu-134 mm. Noma kunjalo, ukubhuka kufanele kwenziwe ukuthi la makhophi awaqondiswanga ngokuhambisana namazinga wokuqokelelwa kokuthile. Umphetho ongezansi wamaphiko awo angaphambili awakheli elingama-90 degrees ngomzimba, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukwanda “kokufakelwa” kokuphakama kwamaphiko. Ngesikhathi 'sokwakhiwa kabusha' kokufakwa okulungile kwalaba bantu, amaphiko kuzo zombili lezi zimo awudluli ku-27 - 28 cm.
I-Peacock-eye "Atlas"
Le uvemvane laqanjwa ngegama iqhawe elivela ku-Ancient Greece, okwathi ngenganeksi, labamba isibhakabhaka sonke emahlombe akhe. Izimpiko zesiqhwaga zingafinyelela ku-26 cm, kanti lezi zinhlobo zitholakala eSoutheast Asia.
Ubuhle bukhuthele ebusuku, bedla amahlamvu wezihlahla noma zezihlahla. Kusihlwa, ekuseni noma kusihlwa, i-Atlas iyasebenza ikakhulukazi, eyayibizwa ngokuthi iSikhulu Sobumnyama.
I-Peacock-eye Atlas, isithombe esiseduze
Kwi-Zoo yaseMoscow, iPavlinoglazka nayo iyazalelwa - lapho ungabubonga ubuhle bayo ngokukhululekile. Ikakhulu, emaphikweni wesinambuzane, esihlotshiswe ngemithunzi ephuzi, epinki nebomvu. Amafasitela asobala asezindongeni zamaphiko asemuva a uvemvane, kanti angaphambili afana nekhanda lenyoka esesimweni sawo, esesabisa izinyamazana ezihlasela izimpilo zazo. I-peacock-eye, njengabanye abantu, incishwa umlomo, ngakho-ke, phakathi nokuphila kwayo (lokhu kungamasonto ama-2), ihlala kuphela ezitokisini ezinqwabelene phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwayo njengesibungu. Uyazi ukuthi izimvemvane zingavuswa ekhaya? Funda kabanzi ngepulazi butterveji lasekhaya.
Abesilisa abesilisa abasebenza nge-peas-peacock-eye bayakwazi ukuthola insikazi yokuzalela amashumi amakhilomitha ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuzalela yenzeka ngaphezu kwamahora amaningi. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi inqubo yokuzala iyisihluthulelo empilweni yabesifazane, bafa ngokushesha ngemuva kokudala inzalo.
Iphiko lentokazi i-Queen Alexandra
Uvemvane olunamaphiko amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni phakathi kwezinhlobo zasemini yi-Ornithoptera alexandrae. Indaba ethokozisayo ihlobene nokutholakala kwale hlobo ngo-1906 ngudokotela wezilwane u-Albert Mick. Esiqhingini sasePacific esiseduzane nase-Australia, waqongelela iqoqo lezinambuzane kumqoqi webhabhathane ohamba phambili webhange uRothschild. Kwakunguye ngonyaka ka-1907 wanikeza uvemvane olukhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni igama elihlobene negama leNdlovukazi u-Alexandra - unkosikazi wenkosi yamaNgisi u-Edward VII. Ngenkathi lolu hlobo luthela emqheleni wezihlahla ezinde, isilwane sokuqala esatholakala, esaba ngowesifazane, sadutshulwa ngesibhamu. Izinyoni ezincane ezikhanyayo, lapho zenza khona ama-effigies, zadutshulwa phansi ngamabhokisini alayishwe ngenhlamvu encane kakhulu edutshuliwe noma yesinaphi ukuze zingalimazi iplamu yenyoni. Kusetshenziswe amacala afanayo ezinambuzaneni ezinkulu ezindizayo.
Indlela ubhungane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lubukeka ngayo (phakathi kwezinhlobo zasemini) kuya ngobulili bomuntu. Abesilisa bancane, banamaphiko amahle kakhulu futhi anemibala egqamile, ubude bawo abudluli ku-cm 20. Izinsikazi zinombala onsundu velvety ngephethini elimhlophe. Ngezikhathi ezithile amaphiko afinyelela ku-27 cm, kanti isisu esingu-8 cm ubude sinesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-12. I-Ornithoptera alexandrae - isazi esihlala kuphela emahlathini emvula ashisayo yenye yezindawo zezintaba zaseNew Guinea. Ngemuva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka edlule kucekele phansi ingxenye enkulu yezakhamizi zalaba bantu baseLepidoptera, bathathwa njengezinhlobo zezinto ezingandile.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kunazo zonke kwezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke uvemvane yi-Attacus atlas. Isinambuzane asisincane kangako endaweni yokuphelela namaphiko kuma-hercule e-koscinocere. Ungakuqinisekisa lokhu ngokubheka ikhophi yango-1922 evela eMnyuziyamu wase-Australia: amaphiko alo muntu angamasentimitha angama-24. Izibalo eziphakeme zivame ukutholakala ngenxa yesimo esingalungile samaphiko lapho kulinganiswa isinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, i-peacock-eye atlas ayithathwa njenge uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Izithombe zalolu hlobo kweziningi futhi zithathwe kalula izivakashi ngenkathi zihamba emazweni aseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Futhi lokhu akumangazi, ngoba indawo yokuhlala kwe-peas-eye Atlas ibanzi kakhulu kule ngxenye yomhlaba, futhi uhlu lwezitshalo zokudla kweziqunguqhi luhluke kakhulu. Amacimbi amakhulu, awugqinsi aqongelela izakhi zomzimba ngenxa yokuthi izimvemvane ezindala zihlala kuphi, ngoba zona ngokwazo azinayo imishini yokuthuthukisa yomlomo futhi azondli ngesikhathi sokuphila kwazo okufushane.
ENdiya, izinhlobo zohlobo lwawo zenziwa ngokwezifiso. Ngemicu emikhulu (yesayizi) yesundu of cocoon esikalini esingeyona eyezimboni, kukhiqizwa usilika oqinile we-farg we-farg of shades zemvelo beige-brown. Cocoons kwesinye isikhathi zithathelwa indawo walletts eTaiwan.
Amanothi
Impilo yezilwane. I-Arthropods: ama-trilobites, i-chelicerae, ukuphefumula kwenhliziyo. Ama-Onychophors / Ed. Gilyarova M.S., Pravdina F.N .. - 2nd, revised .. - M
.: Ukukhanyiselwa, 1984. - V. 3. - 463 k.
I-Great Soviet Encyclopedia - uMqulu 4, i-State Science Science Publishing House, 1950 pp. neshumi nanhlanu
Weybren Landman.
Izimvemvane I-Illustrated Encyclopedia. - M
.: Labyrinth Press, 2002 .-- 272 k. - (I-Illustrated Encyclopedia). - I-ISBN 5-9287-0274-4.
Kaabak L.V., Sochivko A.V.
Amabhotela omhlaba. - M.: Avanta +, 2003. ISBN 5-94623-008-5.
IStanek V. Ya.
I-Illustrated Encyclopedia of Insects. - IPrague: Artia, 1977 .-- 560 k.
IMetcalf, G.L. & W.P. Flint. 1951. Izinambuzane ezonakalisayo nezilusizo, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Frost, S.W. 1959 Impilo yezinambuzane kanye nomlando wemvelo, 2nd ed. IDover Publisher, eNew York.
UFolson, J.W. 1906. I-Entomology. Indodana kaPl Blististon, ePhiladelphia.
Ukusakazeka nokondliwa komndeni wakwa-Erebida
Ukuveliswa kabusha kwezinambuzane zomndeni wakwa-Erebida, okuyi-Agrippina eyi-scoop, akuhlukile kakhulu kunqubo efanayo eyenzeka kwezinye izimvemvane. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda ngaphansi kwamaqabunga noma ngeziqu zotshani ngonyaka odlule, kwezinye izikhathi emhlabathini. Uvemvane ngamunye uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-500 kuye kwangama-2 000, inani labo ikakhulukazi ngenxa yekhwalithi yokudla okungenamsoco.
Umbungu ukhula zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-5 ukuya kwezi-10, cishe ngoMeyi-Juni kuzalwa isizukulwane sokuqala samacimbi. Zihlikihla emhlabathini, kuthi emuva kwesikhashana kuqhamuke isizukulwane sesibili sam uvemvane. Abantu bazokhula, futhi, bazalele namaqanda ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kokuwa.
I-Titania agrippina
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni luhlala ikakhulukazi eMexico, South kanye naseMelika Ephakathi. Lapho bathuthela ezindaweni eziseningizimu ethe xaxa. Futhi umuntu udla amaqabunga e-cassia - lokhu kuyisihlahla esikhula sifinyelele kumitha ukuphakama. Kunzima ukubona iTitania agrippina ntambama, uphila impilo yobusuku obumnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umpetha-mpukane onjalo engena emkhakheni wokubonwa komuntu, ke kungcono ukumncoma ekude. Futhi hhayi ngoba inobuthi noma ingenza ukulimala okuthile, iScoop iseduze kokuqothulwa.
Ngaphandle, iTitania ifana kakhulu nenundu elikhulu. Zombili lezi zimbambo zamaphiko uvemvane zigobile emaphethelweni. Ingxenye engenhla yamaphiko nomzimba ingaba mhlophe ngemichilo emibalabala ye-wavy brown, grey ne brown. Abantu abehlukene balolu hlobo bangaba nombala ohlukile. Kwabanye, iphethini elinsundu limenyezelwa kakhulu kunokwabanye futhi libusa isithombe esimhlophe sonke. Umzimba ophansi uvemvane, njengomthetho, unombala onsundu omnyama onamabala amhlophe, kepha futhi ungaba ne-matte noma unikeze i-sheen yensimbi.
I-Peacock-eye Atlas
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi abesifazane besifazane i-Atlas Pavlinoglazki bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa. Abantu badla ngamaqabunga ezihlahla nezihlahla. Futhi ukuthi ompetha bangaphambili bayihola kanjani impilo yobusuku obungamaphutha. Zisebenza kakhulu esikhathini sokuhwalala, ekuseni nasekuseni kakhulu, lapho bathola khona igama lesidlaliso "INkosi Yobumnyama." Futhi kungcono ukubukela izimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni hhayi ngamehlo akho, kodwa esithombeni. Kodwa-ke, izakhamizi zaseRussia zingabuka ubuhle ngaphandle kokushiya izwe - iPavlinoglazka Atlas ifakwe eMoo Zoo.
Ngendlela, ukubuka kwe-Peacock-Eye Atlas uqobo kuyathakazelisa. Ngezikhathi zokuzalela, owesilisa angabona insikazi ibanga lamakhilomitha ambalwa. Futhi ukubhanqa uqobo kuthatha amahora amaningi ngaphandle kwekhefu. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphuma kuma-chrysalis, owesilisa nowesifazane bakulungele ukuzalaniswa. Amehlo Peacock abekezele ngokungajwayelekile, izinsikazi zingalinda owesilisa wazo amahora amaningi, ngenkathi zihlala zinganyakazi endaweni eyodwa, owesilisa ngaleso sikhathi uzomfuna. Futhi yile nqubo, okungukuthi, ukuzala kabusha, leyo yingqondo yempilo uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngendlela, impilo yowesifazane imfushane impela. Ufa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzala inzalo.
Ngendlela, eTaiwan, iso-peacock ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi lizuzisa umuntu. Abantu basebenzisa ukhukhunathi wezinambuzane njengamawallet.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni lushaya ngobuhle baso. Umuntu onamaphiko angafakwa ngopende obomvu okhanyayo, ophuzi, opinki kanye onsundu. Phezu ngalunye lwebhabhathane kukhona “amafasitela” amakhulu angenacala. Izimpiko zangaphambili zinonqenqemeni oluyinqaba olungafani nolwesibili, olufana nenhloko yenyoka. Lokhu yilokho i-peacock-eye okwesabisa izilwane ezivikelekile. Ngale ndlela, eHong Kong, i-Atlas yaqanjwa ngokuthi "i-Moth - iNhloko Yezinyoka" ngalesi sici esingajwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kosayizi, I-Peacock eye inesinye isici - umlomo waso ugcwele ngokuphelele. Kuyo yonke impilo yayo emfushane (amasonto ama-1-2 kuphela), uvemvane aludli lutho, kepha lusebenzisa wonke amathange agcinwe kuwo esimweni sesikhonyane.
By the way, amacimbi ka uvemvane omkhulu nawo makhulu - ngobude akhula afike amasentimitha ayi-10. Futhi ukubukeka kwazo kungokwangempela - ziluhlaza ngombala okhanyayo ngezinqubo ezinkulu eziluhlaza emzimbeni wonke, ezimbozwe ngentambo emhlophe ye-waxy (efana ne-powder).
I-Peacock-eye Atlas ayisihle kuphela, kodwa futhi novemvane oluwusizo. ENdiya, kufakwa emapulazini akhethekile lapho athola khona usilika we-phagar. Ihlukahluka kumkhiqizo we-silkworm kuboya bayo, amandla nokuqina.
Amabhuzu angenandaba ... Ngobuhle bawo, angaqhathaniswa kuphela nezimbali. Futhi ngokobukhulu bazo, ezinye zazo zithathwa abantu bendawo ngamalulwane noma ngisho nezinyoni! Ngokusho kwe-entomologists, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-110,000 zezimvemvane ezindiza emhlabeni wonke. Ungathola igama uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wethu ngokufunda le ndatshana.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni luhlala eLatin America, futhi ikakhulukazi eBrazil nasePeru. Kusho ukunyamalala. Amaphiko ayo angamasentimitha angama-30. Ngamaphiko akhe, iTitania ingasivala ngokuphelele isikrini sekhompyutha.
Lesi sinambuzane, sinamaphiko amasentimitha angama-28.
Ububanzi bamaphiko aleli uvemvane buwusentimitha kuphela ngaphambi kwangaphambi kwangaphambi kwembali yalo. Uvemvane omkhulu kakhulu wasebusuku ezwekazini lase-Australia naseziqhingini zaseNew Guinea. Ubude bamaphiko ayo ngamasentimitha angama-27.
Le uvemvane luhlala emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Iphiko lingaba amasentimitha angama-26. Izitha zisaba kude ngesimo nombala omangalisayo wamaphiko aphezulu, okusikhumbuza ikhanda lenyoka. Kwenziwe eNdiya. Amacimbi akhe akhiqiza usilika omuhle kakhulu.
Uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke futhi onqabile kakhulu ohlala endaweni ye-Black Continent. Amaphiko alobuhle bosuku lungamasentimitha angama-25. Ngeshwa, inoshevu kakhulu.
Muva nje, insikazi kanye nowesilisa waleli bhungane bemi njengemoto entsha, ngenxa yobuhle obumangalisayo bamaphiko abo aboshwe ngegolide. Namuhla, lezi zimvemvane zitshalwa emapulazini akhethekile eNew Guinea, futhi kuba ukuziqhenya kwabaqoqi abaningi.Amaphiko ayo ngamasentimitha angama-21.
Lokhu uvemvane olude kunawo wonke emhlabeni, olubizwa ngalo ngokuthi iMedagascar comet. Amaphiko ayo acishe abe amasentimitha ayi-18, futhi umbala wamaphiko nobude bawo kuyenza ibe ngesinye sezimvemvane ezijabulisa kakhulu futhi ezithokozisayo emhlabeni.
Uyindlovukazi yangempela yobusuku. Ihlala eRussia. Iphiko lingaba amasentimitha ayi-15.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke lokushaywayo eRussia. Amaphiko ayo ngamasentimitha ayi-13.5. Prefers uTynda kanye neNyakatho yeSakhalin.
Le uvemvane lungabhekwa njengenye enhle kakhulu emhlabeni! Amaphiko ayo angamasentimitha ayi-9, kanti amaphiko, yize kunokubonakala kombala emaphethelweni, adlala ngemibala ehlukene yomnyama.
Izimvemvane ezinhle nezinhle azishiyi abaningi benganendaba. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene. Abanye, ukufiphaza kusuka ezimbalini kuya ezimbalini, badlala indima ebalulekile ekuvinjelweni kwezitshalo. Ukuhlaliswa kwabanye engadini kungaletha izinkinga eziningi kumphathi wegadi. Futhi kunezinambuzane ezinamaphiko ezimangayo ngosayizi wazo. Sinikezela ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Iphiko leNdlovukazi u-Alexandra lingenye yezimpaphe ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Uvemvane unombala okhanyayo omuhle futhi ungafinyelela kumagremu ayi-12 ngesisindo. Izinhlobo zakhe zichazwa njengezinqabile, ngoba zisesigabeni sokuqothulwa. Uvemvane lathola igama elihle lokuhlonipha unkosikazi wombusi waseBrithani u-Edward VII. Izinsikazi zikhulu kunabesilisa, amaphiko azo angama-31 cm.
I-Titania Agrippina - uvemvane omkhulu kakhulu osuka emndenini we-scoop
Uvemvane unephethini lephiko elihehayo kakhulu. Kubhekisa ezinhlotsheni ezikhetha ukuphila impilo yobusuku. Umbala oyingqayizivele uvumela ukufihla ngokuphelele izihlahla. U-Agrippina omkhulu kunabo bonke wabanjwa eBrazil. Namuhla, amaphiko angama-30,8 cm amarekhodi.
I-Ornithopter Goliath - uvemvane olukhulu losuku lomndeni wakwaSail
Uvemvane oluqhakazile luyamangaza ngombala walo ohlukile: isithunzi esimnyama esimnyama sihlanganiswe nohlaza okhanyayo oluhlaza. Ihlala eNew Guinea, kanti amaphiko amakhulu kakhulu aqoshiwe angamasentimitha angama-28. Izinsikazi zikaGoliyati zikhulu kangangokuba kufanele zichithe imizuzu eyi-15 ukuphuma ku-cocoon.
Saturnia - uvemvane oluvela emndenini we-Peacock-iso
Ibizwa nangokuthi iPeacock-eye ngenxa yephethini esemaphikweni wasemuva, ephela ngemisila. Kwabanye abantu, bade kakhulu kunosayizi kavemvane uqobo. Amaphiko ayo angaba kusuka ku-28 kuya ku-32 cm.
Akuyona kuphela eyodwa yezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa futhi kubhekwa njengekhulu kunazo zonke ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Ubuye ahlukaniswe neqiniso lokuthi akekho umuntu omesabayo ngaphandle kwabantu, ngoba ungowezinambuzane ezinobuthi. Izinsikazi zakwa-Anti-Mach ziphansi ngosayizi kuya kwabesilisa. Isilinganiso samaphiko esijwayelekile singama-23 cm.
IButterfly igqame hhayi ngosayizi wayo kuphela, kodwa nangejubane layo lokundiza. Ihlala ePhilippines futhi ihehe ngokubukeka kwayo. Amazinyo e-Emerald avele emaphikweni amnyama. Iqhuba imisebenzi yayo unyaka wonke, kanti amaphiko afinyelela ku-18 cm.
Akuve kuphela izimvemvane ezigqamile ngobukhulu obukhulu, kodwa futhi nezimbungulu zazo. Ngobude, zingafinyelela ku-10 cm, futhi ngombala zihlala ziluhlaza okukhanyayo kakhulu.
Kuze kube manje, ososayensi baqophe izinhlobo ezimbili ezingancintisana ngesihloko esithi "uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni." Ake sibheke ngamunye wabo ngokwehlukana.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni: i-agrippina titania
Izimpiko zale uvemvane eliqanjwe ngegama zifinyelela kuma-cm angama-30.8. Isinambuzane esilingana nalokhu sabanjwa ngo-1934 eSouth America. Kepha ungabona le nhlobo hhayi eNingizimu kuphela, kepha nase-Central America. Kuliqiniso, ngeshwa, hhayi kudala, ukunikezwa kwe-agrippina kwakuseduze kokuqothulwa.
Isisekelo sokudla kwavemvane eliqanjwe ngokuthi (i-shrub evela ku-Insect ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku. Kubhekwa futhi njengomndeni omkhulu kakhulu womndeni we-scoop. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-titania yaziwa ngamagama anjengokuthi "umthakathi omhlophe" ne "agrippin scoop") Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iningi lamalungu omndeni amaphiko we-scoop kuyaqabukela adlula amasentimitha ambalwa.
Izimpiko zeTitania zigudla emaphethelweni. Ingxenye yabo engenhla ipendiwe imhlophe futhi ihlotshiswe ngemivimbo e-wavy brown, grey noma brown. Njengomthetho, umuntu ngamunye uyehluka ngombala ngamunye. Isibonelo, abanye banephethini elinsundu elinsundu kakhudlwana, kwesinye isikhathi elawula nokubusa isizinda esimhlophe. Ingxenye engezansi yamaphiko kavemvane ezimweni eziningi iba nsundu. Kungaba matte noma kunikeze insimbi yensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ngxenye imbozwe izindawo ezimhlophe. Kude, i-titania ifana
Uvemvane oluchaziwe alukafundwa ngokwanele, ngoba akulula ukubona i-titania. Ngokuphumula kwemini, lokhu uvemvane olukhulu lukhetha izihlahla ezithambile. Uzama ukuhlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-4 ngaphezu komhlaba. Lapho i-titania isabalalisa amaphiko ayo amakhulu, ihlangana ngokuphelele nesizinda esiseduze. Kepha uma umethusa, uvele aqhekeke ngokushesha aqashe esiqwini sesihlahla esiseduze.
Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni: i-peacock-eye Atlas
Muva nje, kutholakale uvemvane eHimalaya, ngobukhulu obungancintisana ngokuphepha ne-agrippina titanis. Izimpiko zesinambuzane ezitholakele zazingamasentimitha angama-25. Noma ososayensi beqiniseka ukuthi leli bhabhathane, elibizwa kangcono njengethanga le-Atlas peacock-eye, lingafinyelela ku-30 cm .. Lingezinhlobo zasebusuku. Isici esijabulisayo salolu hlobo lwezinzwa umuzwa omangalisayo we-antennae yesilisa yabesilisa, sibonga ukuthi izimvemvane zingazizwa kanjani izintokazi zezinsikazi zamehlo enamakhilomitha amaningi. Kuyafaneleka ukunaka onqenqemeni lwephiko lezinambuzane eziqanjwe ngegama. Ngokufaka imibala, ilingisa ikhanda lenyoka, elixosha izilwane eziningi. Enye uvemvane enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni itholakala eNdiya, eMalaysia, e-Indonesia nase China.
Ochwepheshe bathi ukuphuma kwebhabhathane elikhonjisiwe kusuka ku-chrysalis kungenye yemibono ebukekayo. Okokuqala, kuvela ikhanda, izimpondo kanye nama-paws. Kepha ekuqaleni amaphiko mancane, kungathi akhungwe. Kulokhu, lesi sinambuzane asikwazi ukundiza okwesikhashana. Kepha ngokushesha amaphiko ayeluliwe, afinyelela usayizi oyifunayo. Zomile nje emahoreni ambalwa, emva kwalokho uvemvane usukulungele indiza yokuqala.
I-Titania agrippina ingeye-Lepidoptera ye-oda, umndeni wama-scoops. Lesi uvemvane esikhulu kunazo zonke ebusuku esivela emndenini we-scoop.
Ubizwa ngokuhlukile, kepha igama lesidlaliso ngalinye lihle futhi lihambisana ngokuphelele nokubukeka okungajwayelekile kobuhle obunamaphiko. U-Agrippa unamagama amaningana, kufaka phakathi umthakathi omhlophe, isipikili se-agrippa, umthakathi.
I-1.AGRIPPINA SCOOP - IBANDLA ELIPHELELE KAKHULU EMHLABENI
Indawo yokuqala esigabeni ihlalwa yi-agrippin scoop (inenye igama - i-agrippina titania. Leli bhabhathane elihamba nobusuku libhekwa njengelikhulu kunawo wonke, ngoba amaphiko alo afinyelela ku-30 cm. I-agrippin scoop inesizinda esimhlophe nesimpunga samaphiko, lapho kunephethini emnyama. Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke luhlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Indawo yokuhlala evamile yama-agrippin scoops ithathwa njengamahlathi ashisayo aseBrazil, ePeru, eVenezuela nakwamanye amazwe aseLatin America.
Indawo yesibili esilinganisweni esithi “The Bigatch Butterfly” enamaphiko angama-27 cm ihlalwa iphiko leNdlovukazi u-Alexandra. Lolu suku uvemvane luhlala ehlathini lasePapua New Guinea. Ubude besisu baleli bhabhathane elikhulu futhi elihle lingafinyelela ku-8 cm, nesisindo - amagremu ayi-12. Izibungu zamabhungane zinobude obungu-12 cm no-3 cm obukhulu. Izimpiko zesisu neNdlovukazi u-Alexandra zimsundu omnyama ngombala omhlophe no-ukhilimu noma ophuzi. Njengamanje, lesi esinye sezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kwenqatshelwe ukuthi zibanjwe futhi zithengiswe, ngoba inani lalezi zinhlobo lincane.
3. I-HERCULES PAVLINOZLAZKA - NGOKUHLE KAKHULU
Okuningi ... I-Peercock-eye Hercules iyibhabhathane ebusuku emndenini we-peacock-eye. Ihlala emahlathini emvula ase-Australia naseziqhingini zaseNew Guinea. Izimpiko zezimvemvane zesifazane zingafinyelela ku-27 cm. Indawo yamaphiko ayo - amakhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezimvemvane - ifinyelela ku-262 cm2.
I-Sailboat antimah - uvemvane olukhulu losuku oluvela emndenini we-Sailboats. Izimpiko zaleli bhungane, eziqanjwe ngegama le-mythology yamaGreek, zifinyelela ku-25 cm. Izinsikazi ziphakeme ngosayizi kwabesilisa. Isikebhe sase-Antimach sihlala emahlathini anomswakama e-Afrika. Abesifazane bavame ukuhlala ezihlahleni. Lesi esinye sezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke sinemvelaphi enombala obomvu-ophuzi, owolintshi futhi ogcwele imibala, lapho amabala amnyama ansundu enza iphethini.
I-5.ATTACUS ATLAS - ABANTU I-EYE-UMNDENI KAKHULU
I-Attacus Atlas imvemvane yomndeni wepigogo-wamehlo. Ihlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasendaweni engaphansi kweChina, Thailand, Indonesia. Izimpiko zaleli bhungane elikhulu zingafinyelela ku-24 cm. Izithombo zezingwe zase-India Attacus atlas ziyalinywa futhi zisetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza usilika.
I-scoop ye-agrippina noma, njengoba ibizwa ngenye indlela, i-titania ye-agrippina (Thysania agrippina) uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, olunamaphiko alo ngokuvamile lufika ku-30 cm.
Futhi ngonyaka we-1934, kwabanjwa umuntu omkhulu kunayo yonke lezinhlobo owayenamaphiko angama-30,8 cm. Abanini besilinganiso samarekhodi phakathi kweLepidoptera bangabusuku futhi badla amaqabunga ezihlahlana zohlobo lweCassia (Cassia).
Izimvemvane zika-Agrippin titania zingatholakala eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu Melika. Kukholelwa ukuthi basuka ezifundeni eziseningizimu baye esifundeni saseTexas.
Ukudweba ngamaphiko uvemvane lohlobo lwe-titania agrippina
Kodwa-ke, emhlabeni kunolunye uhlobo lwe uvemvane olungenawo amasayizi amancane kangako. Ibhabhathane elihlala ezintabeni zaseMadagascar, elibizwa nge-Argema mittrei, alinayo amaphiko amakhulu njenge-agrippina scoop (14-16 cm), kodwa liphinde libhekwe njengesinye sezimvemvane ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Lokhu kunjalo, ngoba amaphiko ayo makhulu endaweni kunamaphiko we-agrippina, futhi futhi ngenxa yokuthi abantu balolu hlobo bane “imisila” ezimpondweni zasemuva, ezingafika ku-13 cm.
Argema Mitrei (Argema mittrei). I-Arghema yesifazane yaseMitrea iqongelela konke ukudla okudingekayo esigabeni sezimbungulu, ngoba, njengomuntu okhulile, leli bhungane alondli nhlobo.
I-Argema mittrei (Argema mittrei) (ukubuka okuphansi).
I-Argema mittrei (ukubuka okuphezulu)
Izici ze-Agrippa Butterfly Behaeve
I-titrizia agrippina yowesifazane, ukuheha owesilisa, ikhipha ama-pheromones (izinto ezinephunga elimnandi) ngephunga likashokolethi wobisi, futhi i-antennae yalo ebucayi ibamba ukugxila okuncane okungabalulekanga kwento ebangeni lamakhilomitha ambalwa. U-Agrippa wehla esihlahleni somuthi enamaphiko asongelwe, ngaphansi kwesisekelo segxolo lezihlahla ezinsundu, cishe angabonakali ezinyoni. Ubuhle obunjalo obumangalisayo banikezwa imvelo ngebhabhathane elingandile, ngaleyo ndlela bekhulisa amathuba okusinda endaweni yabo yemvelo.
Titania Agrippina
I-Agrippina, mhlawumbe ingenye yezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ochwepheshe bayibiza nangokuthi yi-scoop. I-Titania indiza kuphela ebusuku, futhi ihlala eBrazil nasePeru, ithanda amahlathi omanzi asendaweni eshisayo. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho ifuduka, ingafinyelela eMexico nasengxenyeni eseningizimu ye-USA.
Kunzima ukulingana ne-scoop entendeni yesandla sowesilisa osekhulile, amaphiko abantu abathile afinyelela ku-31 cm. Uvemvane udla ngamaqabunga aluhlaza, alunobuthi futhi luvikelwa ngokucophelela ngumbuso, ngoba ususondele ekuqothulweni.
I-Titania agrippina, isithombe esikhulu
Ngokuqondene nokubonakala kweTizania, ihlukaniswa ngamaphiko anemiphetho ye-wavy, ingxenye engenhla yayo ihlotshiswe ngemphetho omhlophe onsundu nemivimbo enemibala e-grey and brown. Umzimba ophansi une-tint e-brown ecebile, i-matte noma ecwebezelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahlukile bangahluka ngemithunzi yabo, kwabanye, umbala omhlophe weqhwa uzonqoba, nakwabanye uzoba nsundu.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezimvemvane ezinkulu, imini nobusuku, manje sezaziwa njengezisengozini. Ekuzivikeleni kwabo, kuye kwathathwa imihlangano eminingi nemithetho evikela abantu abasengozini futhi bayilondolozela inzalo esizayo.
Kubukeka kanjani
Isizinda esiyisisekelo samaphiko ngimpunga ekhanyayo ne-brown, ihlotshiswe ngephethini yoqobo ngesimo sezindawo ezi-smear, imivimbo nsundu emnyama namaphethini ahlotshiswe kahle. Abantu abahlukahlukene balolu hlobo bahluka ngombala: abanye babusa amaphethini ansundu kunabanye, banqoba isizinda esikhanyayo. Umbala womzimba engxenyeni engezansi unombala onsundu omnyama onamabala amhlophe, emadodeni ane-sheen eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukuphila kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kwama-scoops akuqondakali ngokuphelele, ososayensi bangasho kuphela ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sihola indlela yokuphila emnyama futhi sidla amaqabunga e-cassia.
U-Agrippina scoop uhlala eNingizimu, eMelika Ephakathi naseMexico. Kungokwesitho esincane, yingakho le nhlobo inikezwa isigaba - izinhlobo ezisengozini.
Bafowethu abathandekayo, londolozani le ndatshana ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Sishicilela izindatshana eziwusizo kakhulu ezizokusiza ebhizinisini lakho. Yabelana ngayo! Chofoza lapha!
Izinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke
I-Agrippina scoop ithathwa njenge uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene yemibhalo, enikeza idatha ehluke kancane kuma-mappan. Amanani aqanjiwe avela ku-25 kuya ku-31 cm. Kulesi simo, ababhali abasho emithonjeni yolwazi. Kodwa-ke, kunamacala amabili aqoshiwe wokubanjwa kwe-scoop ye-agrippina.
Icala lokuqala lenzekile eCosta Rica, lapho kwabanjwa khona umuntu: ubude bephiko elingaphambili lalingu-14,8 cm, amaphiko ephelele ayengu-28.6 cm. Icala lesibili lenzeka eBrazil ngonyaka we-1934, i-scoop enkulu kunayo yonke eyayinamaphiko angama-29.8 cm.
Kodwa-ke, ukubhuka kwenziwa ngabasunguli abaziwayo ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zezimvemvane zazingenamaphiko azo asabalale kahle (ngokwezindinganiso zokuqokelelwa kokuhlangana, umphetho ongezansi wamaphiko angaphambili kufanele wakhe i-angle engu-90-degree ngomzimba), ngakho-ke amaphiko akhuphuka ngamabomu. Ku-Toga, lapho seyakha kabusha indawo efanele yalaba bantu, kwavela ukuthi ebangeni ayikho ngaphezu kwama-27 .. 28 cm.
Uma ubheka izimvemvane enkabeni yeRussia, akuvamile ukuba zikhule ngama-walnuts. Futhi wonke umuntu kade ajwayela lolu hlobo lokuhlobisa olunamaphiko lwamasimu nezamadada.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo zezimvemvane ezidlula ngisho ezinkulu zezinyoni ezijwayele amaRussia. Abantu abanjalo abaphithizela bahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo kuphela. Yini manje uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni olungenakushiwo nakanjani. Izinhlobo eziningana zilwela isihloko sokuhlonishwa ngasikhathi sinye. Futhi konke ngoba izimpiko zezimvemvane zingalinganiswa ngezindlela ezihlukile - ngendawo noma ngamaphiko amakhulu. Ngendlela, izimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni nazo zifuna isimo sezimvemvane ezinhle kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
I-Titania agrippina - esinye sezimvemvane ezingavamile kakhulu
I-Titania agrippina ingeye-Lepidoptera ye-oda, umndeni wama-scoops. Lesi uvemvane esikhulu kunazo zonke ebusuku esivela emndenini we-scoop.
Ubizwa ngokuhlukile, kepha igama lesidlaliso ngalinye lihle futhi lihambisana ngokuphelele nokubukeka okungajwayelekile kobuhle obunamaphiko. U-Agrippa unamagama amaningana, kufaka phakathi umthakathi omhlophe, isipikili se-agrippa, umthakathi.
I-Titania agrippina (Thysania agrippina).
Ukudla kwe-Agrippa
Indlela yokuphila ye-tizania agrippina ayiqondakali kahle, kepha ngokusho kwencazelo yezinhlobo ezihlobene zeThysania zenobia, izibungu zokudla kwe-scoop emaqabungeni ezitshalo zezitshalo zohlobo Cassia Cassia womndeni we-legume.
I-Titania agrippina - esinye sezimvemvane ezingavamile kakhulu
I-Titania agrippina ingeye-Lepidoptera ye-oda, umndeni wama-scoops. Lesi uvemvane esikhulu kunazo zonke ebusuku esivela emndenini we-scoop.
Ubizwa ngokuhlukile, kepha igama lesidlaliso ngalinye lihle futhi lihambisana ngokuphelele nokubukeka okungajwayelekile kobuhle obunamaphiko. U-Agrippa unamagama amaningana, kufaka phakathi umthakathi omhlophe, isipikili se-agrippa, umthakathi.
I-Titania agrippina (Thysania agrippina).
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-agrippina titania
I-Agrippa scoop inamaphiko afinyelela ku-31 cm, kodwa ngokwesimo sendawo engaphezulu kwamaphiko ingaphansi kwesinye uvemvane - ipigogo-iso.
Enye yezindlela ezinkulu ze-agrippina titania yabanjwa eCosta Rica enamaphiko angama-28,6 cm futhi iphiko elingaphambili lalingu-14,8 cm. Kwatholakala ummeleli omkhulu wesibili walolu hlobo lwezinhlotshana eBrazil.Izimpiko zomuntu wesibili zingama-29.8 cm, futhi ubude bephiko langaphambili bufika ku-13.4 cm. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bayangabaza ukunemba kwalezi zilinganiso.
I-Argippine scoop - uvemvane omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngamaphiko.
Umbala wamaphiko we-agrippa scoop umhlophe noma mpunga okhanyayo. Kulesi simo, iphethini eyakhiwe yokushintshana okumnyama, okuvame ukubonakala amabala ansundu nokubonakala nsundu. Iphethini liqukethe imigqa emnyama ansundu namabhandeshi. Umugqa wephiko we-Butterfly. Izithunzi zemibala ziyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene bale nhlobo.
Kwezinye izimvemvane, iphethini elinsundu liyaphimiswa futhi linqobe phezu kwesizinda esimhlophe samaphiko; kwezinye, iphethini alibonakali kangako ngokumelene nesizinda esivamile sohlelo lombala. Ngaphansi komzimba kunsundu omnyama onamabala amhlophe ahlakazekile, emadodeni ane-sheen ekhethekile yensimbi ye-tint noma i-matte.
Ukusabalala kwe-tizania agrippina
Indawo yokuhlala kwama-scoops ama-agrippa itholakala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, uvemvane luyatholakala eMexico. ETexas, kwavela ukufuduka kwezinambuzane kusuka ezifundeni eziseningizimu.
Abesilisa abasemuva kwamaphiko banombala ogqamile nge-metenic violet-blue sheen.
Izindawo zokuhlala kuka-Agrippa
U-Agrippa uhlala emathafeni aseNingizimu Melika, atholakala nasezihlathini zemvula ezishisayo.
Izici ze-Agrippa Butterfly Behaeve
I-titrizia agrippina yowesifazane, ukuheha owesilisa, ikhipha ama-pheromones (izinto ezinephunga elimnandi) ngephunga likashokolethi wobisi, futhi i-antennae yalo ebucayi ibamba ukugxila okuncane okungabalulekanga kwento ebangeni lamakhilomitha ambalwa. U-Agrippa wehla esihlahleni somuthi enamaphiko asongelwe, ngaphansi kwesisekelo segxolo lezihlahla ezinsundu, cishe angabonakali ezinyoni. Ubuhle obunjalo obumangalisayo banikezwa imvelo ngebhabhathane elingandile, ngaleyo ndlela bekhulisa amathuba okusinda endaweni yabo yemvelo.
I-Agrippa scoop isongelwa ngokuqothulwa.
Ukudla kwe-Agrippa
Indlela yokuphila ye-tizania agrippina ayiqondakali kahle, kepha ngokusho kwencazelo yezinhlobo ezihlobene zeThysania zenobia, izibungu zokudla kwe-scoop emaqabungeni ezitshalo zezitshalo zohlobo Cassia Cassia womndeni we-legume.
Izihlahla eMexico zichitha inqwaba yezimvemvane
Ekugcineni, sahlatshwa umxhwele yi-populist atlas butterfly atlas, evela eSouth naseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Le yinkimbinkimbi yobusuku obunamaphethelo amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, lapho izinkukhu ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30, ”kusho u-Eva Smrze, uchwepheshe wezingadi. Isibonelo, i-Danaus plexippus noma inkosi edumile iyashintshwa. Le nhlobo yasebusika ihlala eMexico, lapho imboza khona izihlahla ukusuka esiqwini kuya kweqabunga lokugcina. Amakhulu buttervelies angena esihlahleni, ngakho-ke igolide umbala wabo. Kunamakhosi amaningi kakhulu kuzo kangangokuba awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini isihlahla novemvane.
I-antilach yaseSailboat (i-Papilio antimachus)
I-antimach enkulu (i-papilio antimachus) ende enamaphiko angama-25 cm. Kulesi zinhlobo, ngokungafani nalokhu, abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane. Umbala wamaphiko uyahlukahluka kusuka ku-buffy kuya ku-orange no-red-yellow.
Sisatshalaliswa emahlathini anomswakama wase-Afrika (iCameroon, iLiberia, i-Angola, iCongo, iZaire, i-Uganda, iNigeria, njll.). Izinsikazi zithanda ukuhlala ezihlahleni futhi kuyaqabukela ziye phansi. Abesilisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bahlala ezitshalweni eziqhakaza ngezinga elikhulu.
Entwasahlobo, uDanaus Plexippus weqa imihlambi emikhulu uya eCanada, lapho ene-lobster. Lesi ukuphela kwezinhlobo ezifudukela emihlambini emikhulu kangaka, kusho uSmerlova. Kutholakala nsuku zonke kusuka ku-9 kuye ku-18, ngaphandle kukaMsombuluko, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-19. Ingadi ivulwa nsuku zonke. Eminyuziyamu, imibukiso ethakazelisa kakhulu igcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla, futhi izivakashi zingazibona kuphela ezimeni eziyingqayizivele, amagugu endle, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lokhu yingakho abalondolozi bezokulondolozwa kwemvelo bebhekana nenkinga engapheli - yini enye abangayikhombisa nokuthi bangayivikela kanjani.
Ukuvakasha okunamandla kuye kwabeka engcupheni indawo yaseKrzhinka Ehlathini laseSlavkov kangangokuba kufanele ivinjelwe izivakashi futhi ingabona le ndawo kuphela kusuka ebhodini lolwazi eliseduze nomgwaqo. IKladsk itholakala eduzane neMarienbad Land, emgwaqweni wesifunda. Abantu abangama-211 abavela kuLazne Kinswart ePrimen.
Izimbali ezinamaphazili - izimvemvane ezinjengamagama enkondlo zifane kufanele. Amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi emaphikweni amahle kakhulu, athokozisa ukuhlangana kwamehlo kwemibala egqamile - imvelo yaphinde yakhombisa ikhono lokuqamba eliqavile, lidala izidalwa ezimangalisa kangaka.
IButterfly ngesinye sezidalwa ezimangalisayo zemvelo. Ukuguqulwa okumangalisa kangako ngamabomu akuzange kube khona. Ukusuka ku-larva engathandeki, ubuhle bangempela buvela ngamaphiko apendwe.
Ungathokozela izinhlobo ezimbalwa zemashi, kanye nemimese yohlobo lwesikhumba - imashi, i-mistletoe noma ama-marshmallows. Amaholide yisomiso esinzima kakhulu. Yisikhathi futhi lapho izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe ziqhakaza esihlahleni esiyindilinga esihle. Mncane kakhulu ukuthi noma ungama eduze kwawo uphendukele emhlabathini, awukwazi ukukuqaphela.
Phakathi kwengcebo efihlwe kahle yeHlathi leSlavkov yiRound-Leaf Chest. Ekwindla, amaqabunga e-birch aphuzi, anikeza umbono we-taiga yangempela, ahamba phambili kakhulu. Futhi awudingi ukucasuka noma ngabe isimo sezulu singesibi kangako. Esikhathini sokudlela awukwazi ukunambitha amakhono kuphela, kepha nezinsimbi ezinhle zezilwane.
Namuhla embulungeni yonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-165,000 zezimvemvane.
Umhlaba onelukuluku ulungiselele izinto ezibonakalayo mayelana nezimvemvane ezinkulu, ubukhulu bawo buyamangaza.
2. I-Ornithopter yeNdlovukazi u-Alexandra noma iphiko leNdlovukazi u-Alexandra
Uvemvane losuku. Wathola igama lakhe ukuhlonipha unkosikazi wenkosi yaseBrithani u-Edward VII. Ama-mappan afinyelela ku-31 cm ngobude bomzimba obungu-8 cm. Isidalwa esinjalo singaba namagremu ayi-12. Uvemvane omkhulu uyatholakala emahlathini esifundazweni sase-Oro esifundazweni sasePapua New Guinea. Ngeshwa, ukubukwa kusondele ekuqothulweni.
3. I-Peacock-eye "Hercules"
Uvemvane ebusuku wohlobo lwe-monotypic (ICoscinocera ) emndenini we-peacock-eye. Enye yezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, futhi ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Australia, amaphiko ezinsikazi angafinyelela ku-27 cm.
5. Ukuhamba ngomkhumbi "u-Antimah"
Lesi yisilovemvane esikhulu sosuku e-Afrika. Izintambo ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angama-24. Leli bhungane lihlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezisuka ogwini olusentshonalanga yeSierra Leone kuya e-Uganda. Naphezu kwendawo yayo enkulu yokuhlala, lolu hlobo aluningi. Uvemvane lubhekwa njengento eyinqaba ngoba lundiza kuphela emahlathini emvula angenazintombi, asongelwa ngokuqothuka ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi okukhulu. Ngeshwa, inoshevu kakhulu. Emazweni amathathu kuphela: iGhana, i-Ivory Coast neZaire, izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuvikela i-anti-Mach.
6. “UGoliyati” Okhonya Izinyoni
Uvemvane olukhulu losuku lomndeni waseSailboats. Izimpiko zamadoda zide zifinyelele ku-20 cm, izinsikazi zide zifike ku-22 cm. Umbala wesilisa uqukethe imibala emi-3 yokuqala - oluhlaza, ophuzi, omnyama. Umbala wezinsikazi onsundu-onsundu, onamabala akhanyayo, amaphiko aphansi anomngcele obubanzi bampunga.
Ihlala emahlathini ashisayo asezintabeni zeziqhingi zaseMoluccan, kusuka esiqhingini saseSsoram kuya esiqhingini saseGudenou ngasogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNew Guinea, endaweni ephakeme efika ku-2300 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Njengamanje, ama-subspecies ayi-7 e-goliath ayaziwa.
7. I-Trogonopter Troyan
Uvemvane olukhulu losuku oluvela emndenini wezikebhe zomndeni. Igama eliqondile lisho ukuthi "Trojan", "umsuka waseTroy".
I-Wingspan ifinyelela ku-19 cm. Owesifazane mkhulu kakhulu noma usayizi ofana nowesilisa. Ihlala esiqhingini sasePalawan kuphela.
8. I-Ornithopter Croesus
Uvemvane olukhulu losuku lomndeni waseSailboats. Kunikezwe igama elithile le-binomial ukuhlonipha uCroesus, inkosi yokugcina yaseLydia ngo-560-546 BC. e. kusuka kumndeni kaMermnadov.
Ama-Wingspan afinyelela ku-19 cm. Iziduna zibonakaliswa ngombala we-orange-ophuzi wamaphiko, kuhlanganiswe "nokufakwa" okumnyama. Lapho kukhanya kamuva, amaphiko aqhuma ngokukhanya okuluhlaza okotshani.
Isazi semvelo u-Alfred Wallace, othole uvemvane, ukhumbula ukutholwa kwakhe okokuqala ngowesilisa waseCroesus esiqhingini saseBachai: “Ubuhle baleli bhabhathane ngeke buvezwe ngamazwi futhi akekho umuntu ngaphandle kososayensi wemvelo ozoqonda intokozo enkulu engaba nayo lapho ngilubamba ekugcineni. Lapho ngiyikhipha enetheni futhi ngelulela amaphiko ayo amangalisayo, inhliziyo yami yaqala ukushaya, igazi ligijimela ekhanda lami, ngaleso sikhathi ngangiseduze nokufikelwa ukwedlula lapho ngisatshiswa ngokufa. Usuku lonke ngibe nekhanda: kwakumnandi kakhulu. "
9. ISaturnia Madagascar noma iMedagascar comet
Le uvemvane lubizwa nangokuthi iMon Mole - inundu lomndeni lasebusuku elinethezekile. iso. Ungomunye wabasubathi bomhlaba ngokuya ngosayizi wamaphiko.
Lobu busuku ubuhle bungabonakala eMadagascar kuphela. Lolu hlobo lusongelwa ngokuqothuka, yingakho iMadagascar yazibekela ngempumelelo lezi zimvemvane ezinhle emapulazini akhethekile.
Njengoba sesethule uvemvane ngokubonakala okumangalisa kangako, imvelo kamama esindiswe ezinhlelweni zokusekelwa kwempilo: izimvemvane zepigogo zintula okokusebenza komlomo nokugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke i-comet yaseMadagascar ihlala kuphela izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngenxa yezakhi zomsoco eziqongelelwe isibungu.
Ama-Wingspan aze abe ngu-18 cm. Amaphiko ahlotshiswe ngemisila emide ngokungajwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi aze afike ku-20 cm. Imisila ivame ukuwa ngemuva kwezindiza eziningi.
Umbala wamaphiko uphuzi ngokugqamile. Ophikweni ngalunye kukhona “iso” elilodwa elikhulu lombala onsundu, elinekhephu elimnyama maphakathi. Iziqongo zamaphiko zinebala elinsundu.
10. IGolden birdwing noma iTroyes
Enye yezimvemvane ezinkulu kunazo zonke eSouth Asia. Amaphiko ayo acishe abe ngu-16 cm. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo nendlela yokundiza, yathola igama layo - i-birdwing. Ngempela, ukundiza kweTrode kufana nokundiza kwenyoni kunokucwaswa kwebhabhathane. Izimpiko zangemuva zaso eziphuzi, ezi-translucent nele-pearl kamama zikhanya njengelanga futhi zigcwalisa umkhathi ngamandla okukhanya nenjabulo. Futhi la mandla ayasebenza ngempela uma ubambe leli uvemvane oluhle esandleni sakho, ngoba akunasizathu sokuthi i-Indian Golden-winged bird ithathwa njengophawu lokuchuma kwezezimali!
I-Butterfly Troides iyinhlobo yemvelo engathandeki futhi ibhalwe ku-Red Book. Endle, ezweni lakuvemvane lweTroyes (Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia), le mpukane enamaphiko egolide inzima kakhulu ukuyibona, ngoba Ama-tropes ikakhulukazi ahlala ekujuleni kwehlathi lemvula.
Ihlala kanjani nokuthi idlani
Ubuhle obunamaphiko busebenza ebusuku kuphela, ngakho-ke ukumbona phakathi nosuku kuyimpumelelo enkulu. Udla amaqabunga e-cassia shrub - isitshalo esincane esihlala sikhula.
IScoop ithathwa njengeyizinhlobo ezisengozini, ayivelakancane, futhi ngenxa yalokho ifakwe ku-International Red Book.
Kubo bonke ubujamo bayo obungatheni, leli bhungane likude kakhulu nokuphela komndeni wezinambuzane ezinamaphiko oMhlaba, ezinobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele kanye nephethini ehlukile emaphikweni.
Ososayensi sebefundile izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezimvemvane ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-150. Ngokuqagela kokuqagela, isayensi ayisazi lutho okungenani zezinkulungwane eziyinkulungwane zezinhlobo! Izinhlobo ezimangalisayo zitholakala phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo. Isibonelo, i-acetosia imvemvane encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ingatholakala e-UK kuphela, ubude bomzimba kanye namaphiko engane kungamamitha ayi-2 kuphela. I-Rediculosis iyizikhathi ezi-2 ngaphezulu. Iphiko selivele liyi-4 mm. Futhi yini uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni? Amabhu amakhulu, amakhulu kakhulu kunenkanyezi, azochazwa esihlokweni.
Izindlela zokukhetha
Kubukeka sengathi kungaba lula ukwedlula ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi butterfly enkulu kunazo zonke Emhlabeni? Linganisa amaphiko, qhathanisa namanye amabhu - futhi usuqedile! Akulula kangako. Izazi zesayensi yokuphefumula ziphikisana ngokuthi yini okufanele uyiqhathanise: amaphiko noma indawo yakubo? Ngenkathi kungekho mpendulo eqondile, sizokwethula ngokwehlukile abawinile ekukhethweni ngakunye.
U-Agrippina uyaphenduka
Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Agrippa noma iTizania Agrippina. Lesi sinambuzane sinamaphiko amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni - amasentimitha angama-27 kuya ku-29. Ngo-1934, kwabanjwa i-agrippa enamaphiko angama-30,8 cm emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo aseNingizimu Melika .Mario Kallegari, isazi semvelo esidume ngokwaziwa emphakathini wesayensi, uthi ngo-1997 ePeruvia selve got agrippa nge amaphiko ka 31.2 cm!
Uvemvane luhanjiswa ezweni lonke laseNingizimu Melika, olutholakala naseMelika Ephakathi. Isizinda samaphiko simpunga esikhanyayo noma simhlophe. Kuyo iphethini yokushintshana imigqa ecacile esontekile yombala onsundu. Phakathi kwemigqa amabhandeji abonakalayo namabala ansundu noma ansundu, ama-smears. Emaphethelweni amaphiko angama-zigzag acocekile. Umzimba ugcwele, ungamasentimitha angama-9 ubude, unemigqa, njengezebra.
Izimpondo zinde futhi ziyasebenza. Lapho uvemvane luhlala, lusabalalisa amaphiko alo, esiqwini sesihlahla esimpunga, luba cishe lungabonakali. Imvelo yamnika ukucasha okuhle kangaka ukuze amvikele kwizinyoni nakwamanye ama-safetivores.
Isithonjana sika-Agrippin asifundiswanga kangako. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kuholela ekutheni kube nempilo yasebusuku. Kukholakala ukuthi izibungu zawo, njengabantu abadala, zidla imifino yezitshalo zohlobo lwe-cusia lomndeni okungelazo.
Amakhethini akhula aze afike kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-16. Owesifazane udonsela owesilisa imfihlo ekhethekile enephunga, iphunga layo owesilisa alizwa amakhilomitha ambalwa.
Inhlobo isengozini futhi ingaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso eBrazil.
I-Peacock-eye Hercules
IButterfly Peacock-eye Hercule noma i-Koscinocer Hercules kufanele ukuthi yiyona uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Izimpiko zifinyelela kuma-28 cm kwabesifazane, ezingama-26-27 cm emadodeni, futhi indawo yazo imane nje inkulu - 263 sq.cm. Emadodeni, izimpiko zangemuva zigcina isikhathi eside (kuze kube ngu-12 cm) spurs.
Uvemvane unombala omuhle kakhulu okhanyayo, ovela kude kufana nezimpaphe zepigogo.
Lobuhle buhlala ezweni lase-Australia naseziqhingini zaseNew Guinea. Iphila indlela yobusuku. Amacimbi Butterfly nawo akhula amakhulu kakhulu - aze afike ku-17 cm ubude. Idla ngamaqabunga e-willow, lilac, cherry bird eyephuzile, i-walnut, isihlahla somfudlana. Ihlala kahle ekudingisweni.
Indlela yokuphila enhle kakhulu yam uvemvane
I-scoop enkulu ayibhekwa njengeyodwa enkulu kunazo zonke, kepha futhi nezinambuzane eziyimfihlakalo kunazo zonke ezihlala eMhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, indlela yempilo yalezi zimvemvane ayifundelwa kancane ngumuntu, futhi inani lemininingwane mayelana nabo liyindlala.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi amacimbi omndeni wakwa-Erebida adla amaqabunga ezitshalo zohlobo lwe-genus legume ne-cassia. Umbala oyingqayizivele we-scoop usiza ukuzifihla ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla. Kodwa-ke, ukubona lesi sinambuzane phakathi nosuku kuyinto etholakalayo. Umsebenzi we-Butterfly wenzeka ebusuku.
Cishe akukho lutho olwaziwa kabanzi nge-Agrippin - iziphathimandla zamazwe amaningi aseMelika zigada ngomona lo mcebo wezwe ongajwayelekile. Uma umuntu enenhlanhla ngokwanele yokuhlangana novemvane omkhulu, kungcono ukusibukela kude - lezi zidalwa zisemaphethelweni wokuqothulwa.
I-Sailboat Antimach
I-Papilio antimachus ayithathwa njenge uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kepha iyisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke sasemini e-Afrika. Le nhlobo inabesilisa abakhulu, abanezimpiko zayo kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela ku-25 cm. Ubungako obuphakathi buyi-18-23 cm. Leli banga eliphakathi kwamaphiko angaphambili lakhiwa ngenxa yeziqongo zazo eziphakeme kakhulu. Izikebhe zase-Antimah ziyizidalwa ezinemibala ekhanyayo enemibala e-brownish, buffy, orange kanye ne-tonal ebomvu yangemuva jikelele nephethini emnyama, ecishe ibe mnyama.
Umbhali wokuqala (owesilisa), owalethwa eNgilandi futhi wathola isayensi, kusukela ngo-1775, wabanjwa eSierra Leone. Eminyakeni eyikhulu kuphela kamuva, kwatholakala isampula lesibili, elafika eYurophu. Owesifazane wokuqala owathumba uPapilio antimachus ngonyaka we-1882 walethwa abomdabu ekuxoshweni kweNkosi Banker Rothschild.
Indawo yokuhlala kwavemvane ezwenikazi lase-Afrika ibanzi impela; itholakala emahlathini ashisayo asendaweni eshisayo. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo zingezimbalwa. Abesilisa bavame ukuqongelela emikhakheni emikhulu ezimbali zezitshalo. Izinsikazi zithanda imiqhele eminyene yezihlahla, empeleni musa ukwehla futhi ungandiza ungene ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Lesi sinambuzane esisebenza ebusuku sithathwa njengesihle futhi sinde kunazo zonke izimvemvane ezinkulu emhlabeni. Ngisho nakwabesifazane baseMadagascar comet, enkulu futhi inkulu kakhulu kunabesilisa, amaphiko awadluli ku-18 cm. Kodwa amakhona awo aphansi amaphiko wasemuva aphakeme ngokweqile. Emadodeni, imisila e-hypertrophied “imisila” emincane ifinyelela ku-16 cm, okuthi kuyo yonke ubude bephiko elingaphezulu kungama-30 cm.Abesifazane bane “imisila” kabili kabili futhi mfushane (8 cm).
I-comal yaseMadagascar ayibukeki nje kuphela ngenxa yomkhondo wayo ongajwayelekile. Umbala wakhe ophuzi ogqamile uhlotshiswe “ngamehlo”, kwelinye iphiko ngalinye, lalinombala onsundu ngombala nge “dot” omnyama ophakathi nendawo. Imigqa ebomvu ye-Wavy brown-red, amabala ansundu-amnyama phezulu kwamaphiko nasemngceleni omnyama kumaphiko aphansi aqedela imibala.
I-Argema mittrei yisifo esitholakala kuphela emahlathini emvula aseMadagascar. Ezweni, ukuze kuthengiselwe abaqoqi, izinhlobo zohlobo oluthile ziyabanjiswa ekudingisweni. Ngo-1995, kwakhishwa umthethosivivinywa eMadagascar obiza ama-ariari angama-500, lapho, phakathi kwamanye amazwe ezwe, izwe laseMadagascar nalo livezwa.
Sailboat Maak
Hhayi uvemvane omkhulu kunayo yonke iplanethi uPapilio maackii ongummeleli omkhulu we-oda otholakala endaweni yaseRussia. Ihlala cishe. I-Kunashir, ePrimorye, esifundeni i-Amur, eSakhalin eseNingizimu. Izimpiko zezinsikazi zi-13.5 cm, abesilisa bangama-12,5 cm.
Izikebhe zaseMaak zihamba ngombala omuhle kakhulu. Abesilisa bahluka ngokuhlukahluka kusuka kokuluhlaza okwenziwe ngo-malachite kuya ku-cobalt-blue hues. Kwabesifazane, umbala uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinsizwa.
I-scoop ye-agrippina noma, njengoba ibizwa ngenye indlela, i-titania ye-agrippina (Thysania agrippina) uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, olunamaphiko alo ngokuvamile lufika ku-30 cm.
Futhi ngonyaka we-1934, kwabanjwa umuntu omkhulu kunayo yonke lezinhlobo owayenamaphiko angama-30,8 cm. Abanini besilinganiso samarekhodi phakathi kweLepidoptera bangabusuku futhi badla amaqabunga ezihlahlana zohlobo lweCassia (Cassia).
Izimvemvane zika-Agrippin titania zingatholakala eMexico, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu Melika. Kukholelwa ukuthi basuka ezifundeni eziseningizimu baye esifundeni saseTexas.
Ukudweba ngamaphiko uvemvane lohlobo lwe-titania agrippina
Kodwa-ke, emhlabeni kunolunye uhlobo lwe uvemvane olungenawo amasayizi amancane kangako. Ibhabhathane elihlala ezintabeni zaseMadagascar, elibizwa nge-Argema mittrei, alinayo amaphiko amakhulu njenge-agrippina scoop (14-16 cm), kodwa liphinde libhekwe njengesinye sezimvemvane ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Lokhu kunjalo, ngoba amaphiko ayo makhulu endaweni kunamaphiko we-agrippina, futhi futhi ngenxa yokuthi abantu balolu hlobo bane “imisila” ezimpondweni zasemuva, ezingafika ku-13 cm.
Argema Mitrei (Argema mittrei). I-Arghema yesifazane yaseMitrea iqongelela konke ukudla okudingekayo esigabeni sezimbungulu, ngoba, njengomuntu okhulile, leli bhungane alondli nhlobo.
I-Argema mittrei (Argema mittrei) (ukubuka okuphansi).
I-Argema mittrei (ukubuka okuphezulu)
I-Agrippina scoop - uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokuya ngombono, amaphiko aso ngamaphiko angama-25..29 cm.
11. I-Peacock-eye Pear
Le uvemvane lubizwa nangokuthi yi-peacock eye enkulu, noma i-pearl saturnia - uvemvane oluvela emndenini we-Peacock-eye. Uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke olunamaphiko eYurophu naseRussia.
Ama-Wingspan afinyelela ku-15 cm. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Ngasohlangothini olungaphezulu lwawo womabili amaphiko, kukhona iso elilodwa elikhulu elinombala omnyama omnyama nolayini onsundu nxazonke. Eduze kwamehlo kuphinde kube nomngcele omhlophe nendandatho ebomvu. Imicu ekhanyayo ihamba eceleni kwamaphiko, ngemuva kwayo, eduze kwesisekelo sephiko - imnyama, iphazanyiswe kuphela phezulu kwamaphiko angaphambili.
Kwenzeka eningizimu nasenkabeni yeYurophu, engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeRussia, eCaucasus, e-Asia Minor nase-Iran, eCrimea.
Amathafa anezihlahla eziningi nezihlahla, imiphetho yamahlathi, amapaki, izingadi, amasimu ezithelo.
12. Ornithopter Chimera
Izimpiko zide zifike ku-15 cm. Leli bhabhathane lindiza kahle kakhulu, lenza amathuba ajwayelekile emoyeni, lihlela futhi lijule lapho lifuna umpe. Ungcolisa i-hibiscus.
I-ornithopter chimera ibhebhetheke kakhulu eziqhingini zaseNew Guinea naseJava emahlathini anomswakama asendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1200-1800 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
14. I-Urania Madagascar
Izimpiko ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-10,5. Lolu hlobo lwe uvemvane lutholakala eMadagascar kuphela. Izimpukane ntambama, zidla umpe wezimbali. Ama-Butterflies angabonakala unyaka wonke, ikakhulukazi amanani awo enyuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Izimpiko zakhe, naphezu kokubonakala kokuntuleka kombala emaphethelweni, zidlala ngemibala ehlukene yombala.
Okudumile
- Charm ngokumelene nomona: idome evikela wena nomndeni wakho Umuntu onomdlalo wakhe wokudlala l.
Manje ubani owahlula uGoliyati? Indoda enomdlalo wayo wokudlala l.
Ukwenza ideskithophu ngezandla zakho Umuntu ogama lakhe lokudlala l.
Indlu endaweni yezindawo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile Indoda enomdlalo wayo wokudlala l.
Imicimbi emibi yesimo sezulu eRussia Umuntu onomdlalo wakhe wokudlala l.
Okufakiwe okusha
- Ama-repitles amaqiniso athakazelisayo .. Indoda enomdlalo wayo wokudlala l.
Yenza ukulinganisa kwesikali se-elekthronikhi saseChina Umuntu onomdlalo wakhe wokudlala l.
Kusho ukuthini inkanyezi enamaphoyinti ayisithupha kumuntu okudlalwa kwakhe l.
Impilo emva kokufa - ucwaningo lwesayensi Umuntu onomdlalo wakhe wokudlala l.
I-Tarot waite theory futhi uziprakthize Indoda enomdlalo wayo wokudlala l.