ICalamoicht Calabar (i-Erpetoichthys calabaricus / iCalamoichthys calabaricus) USmith, ngo-1865

I-Erpetoichthys: Greek, erpeton = inyoka + isiGrikhi, ichthys = inhlanzi, calabaricus: Ibizwe ngemuva kwendawo lapho izinhlanzi zitholakele khona: Old Calabar.

UKalamoikht Kalabar, obizwa nangokuthi i-Snake-fish, ungomunye wama-oda angajwayelekile futhi asendulo anemidwebo eminingi. Bavele emhlabeni eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40 edlule, futhi, sebedlule izigaba eziningi zokuvela kwemvelo, bagcina kuphela izici zabo ezihlelekile zezakhi ezithile zezitho.

Indawo yokuhlala: I-Afrika - kuhlala imifula emincane egeleza kancane nemizimba yamanzi emile. Kusatshalaliswa ngokudlangile eNtshonalanga Afrika, kubanjwa eDemocratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Benin. Njengomthetho, uhlala emanzini angajulile, emanzini anezimila ezinesivunguvungu.

Incazelo: Umzimba kaKalamoicht uyinyoka futhi umbozwe ngezikali eziqinile. Amaphiko we-ventral awekho. Ebusweni kuveza amehlo amnyama nezinsizwa, kwenza umsebenzi wokuthinta.

Umbala womzimba ngaphezulu yi-olive noma i-greenish-cream, egeleza kahle umbala ophuzi lwesisu. Amabala amakhulu amnyama atholakala ngaphansi kwamaphinifa enjenge-pectoral fan.

Ukwahluka kocansi akukabonakali. Izinsikazi zigcwala kancane futhi zihlukile kulayini wesisu wesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi zingahlukaniswa ngesimo nomthunzi we-anal fin: emadodeni anombala obukhulu bukhulu, obukhulu futhi bumnyama, kubantu besifazane mancane futhi angunxantathu. Ukwehluka kwesibili komehluko: inhlawulo yesidoda kowesilisa inemisebe eyishumi nambili kuya kweyishumi nane kowesifazane kusuka kwabayisishiyagalolunye kuya kwabayishumi nambili - le ndlela yokuhlukanisa ngokususelwa kwezocansi ayithembekile.

Isici esiyingqayizivele seKalamoicht ukuba khona kwamagciwane hhayi kuphela, kodwa namaphaphu, sibonga ukuthi inhlanzi ingaba ngaphandle kwamanzi futhi ingafi isikhathi esithile (kuze kube amahora ayisishiyagalombili uma isikhumba sayo simanzi).

Ngokwemvelo, ubude bomzimba we-Snake Fish bufika ku-90 cm (akuqinisekisiwe), ubukhulu bungaba cm 1.5-2. Ekudingisweni, izinhlanzi zivame ukuba zincane - usayizi omkhulu kakhulu ku-aquarium ungama-37 cm.

Amafry anezifo zangaphandle futhi afana nezibungu zeSalamander.

Amapharamitha nokuhlelwa kwe-aquarium: Ukuze ulondoloze iKalamoicht eyodwa uzodinga i-aquarium ebanzi enendawo enkulu engezansi yamalitha ayi-100. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi zizizwa zikhululeke kakhudlwana ngokuhlangana nezihlobo zazo, akunakuba nobudlova obuthile futhi kweqembu labantu abangu-3-5, kuzodingeka isitsha samalitha angama-250 noma ngaphezulu. Ukuba khona kwesembozo esivalwe ngokuqinile noma ngesembozo kuyisibopho, iKalamoikhty inekhono elimangalisayo hhayi nje kuphela ukuphuma emanzini, kodwa futhi ingena ngisho nasemgodini omncane kakhulu.

Kungcono ukutshala izitshalo bukhoma e-aquarium ezakha amathanga ezingxenyeni zawo ezihlukile, futhi ubeke nezinto zokuhlobisa echibini: i-driftwood, grottoes, amatshe. Iba nethuba lokuphephela, izinhlanzi zijwayela ngokushesha imvelo entsha futhi kamuva ziziphathe ngokukhululeka okukhululekile. Inhlabathi ingcono ukukhetha okuxekethile nokuthambile.

Amapharamitha Amanzi: 23-30 ° C, uhla lwe-pH: 6.0 - 8.0, ububanzi be-dH: 5 - 19.

Ukuhlunga okuhle kuyadingeka, kanye nezinguquko zamasonto onke zamanzi ayi-20-30%. Kepha ungakwenza ngaphandle kwe-aerator. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sezitho zangaphakathi nokubakhona kwamaphaphu, uKalamoikhta uyakwazi ukuphefumula umoya uma kunesidingo, futhi ngenxa yalokho angabekezelela ukugcwala komoya ophefumulwayo. Le nhlanzi empeleni ingaminza uma ingenakho ukufinyelela komoya.

I-Snake Fish (i-Erpetoichthys calabaricus) yize sikhulu impela futhi naphezu kokubukeka kwazo, zinhlanzi ezinokuthula futhi azithambekele ekuxabaneni, ngakho-ke akusikiselwanga ukuthi uzigcine nezinhlanzi ezisebenza kakhulu futhi ezisebenzayo, uKalamoikht ngeke akwazi ukuvikela ilungelo lakhe lokudla futhi akhombise ukuhlaselwa komakhelwane abanolaka.

Bahlangana kahle nezinhlobo ezithile zama-cichlid aseMelika, ama-catfish aphethwe ngesandla, ama-gourami, ama-Sumatran barbs, ama-macropods, ama-atherin. Kepha izinhlobo ezincane ezinjenge-neon noma ama-guppies aneKalamoihts kungcono zingabi nawo. Lokhu kokugcina akubahlukanisi kokuphakelayo.

Umsoco: kanye noma kabili ngosuku - kunconyelwa ukudla okukhona nokubandayo. Banobuthakathaka obuthile bama-bloodworms. Ngobumnandi udle izingcezu zenhlanzi, inyama, squid, inhliziyo yenkomo, umhluzi, izibungu, izidladla. Ama-feed omile awanandaba. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuphambukisa ukudla, unganikeza ulethisi wezinhlanzi nesipinashi.

Uma kugcinwa nabamele ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kuzodingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi uKalamoicht uthola ingxenye yakhe yokudla.

Uma ngabe izakhamizi eziningi ezindala ze-aquarium ziyidla, kulula ukuxazulula inkinga: okuphakelayo kufakwa kushubhu lamasentimitha kufika ku-3 cm, elibekwe phansi. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kuzofinyeleleka kwezinye izinhlanzi, futhi iKalamoikht izokuthola ngephunga futhi ikuthole ngaphandle kobunzima.

Ngenxa yokungaboni kahle, uKalamoicht uthembela emnweni wakhe omuhle wephunga lokudla.

Ukuzala: zimbalwa kakhulu izimo ezethembekile ezaziwayo zokuzalela iKalamoihts e-aquarium, futhi ukuthi yini abathandi abayidingayo ukuze bakwazi ukuphumelela ngempumelelo akukaziwa. Ngenxa yobunzima obuningi nesidingo somjovo wamahomoni, ukulima izinhlanzi ezithunjiwe akwenziwa. Zonke ezinikelwe ukuthengiswa ziyizidalwa zasendle futhi zivela ezindaweni zemvelo.

Lapho kudala izimo ezinhle Kalamoikht Kalabar (Erpetoichthys calabaricus) ungahlala e-aquarium iminyaka engafika kwe-10.

Zama ukugcina okungenani izinhlanzi ezimbili.

Ukungeza usawoti omncane wolwandle kunomthelela omuhle enhlalakahleni yalezi zinhlanzi.

Izinhlanzi ezisanda kutholwa kufanele zidliwe ngemuva kokucisha amalambu.

I-Photosession Kalamoicht Kalabar noma i-Snake Fish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus)

Ukudla

Emvelweni ekudleni Kalamoikhtov kungena izibungu ezahlukahlukene, ama-crustaceans nezinambuzane.
E-aquarium, yachts inhlekelele kudla ukudla okubandayo okubandakanya izinhlobo zokudla zemvelo ezahlukahlukene (ukudla okuthandayo kungama-bloodworms amakhulu). Ehlobo, kuyasiza ukufaka ekudleni komswakama kanye nemidlwane ekudleni kwabo. Uma kungekho okuphakelayo kwemvelo yachts inhlekelele Ungalilahli izingcezu ezincane ze-squid, shrimp noma inhliziyo yenkomo.
Cishe abanandaba nokudla okwomile; bayenqena ukukudla futhi uma sebelambe kakhulu.
E-aquarium Kalamoikhtov akufanele ondliwe kaningi, kwabasebancane irejimeni yokudla eyanele izikhathi ezinhlanu ngeviki, futhi kubantu abadala kwanele amahlandla amabili.

Ungene ku-aquarium entsha yachts inhlekelele masinyane ukuyifunda kahle yize kukhona omakhelwane abasebenze ngokweqile kuyo, ukunyakaza kwabo kuyipulasitiki futhi kumnandi.

Kalamoikhty bazivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha uma indawo yokukhosela yokwenziwa noma yemvelo ikhona e-aquarium, ngesimo samathanga aminyene wezitshalo zasemanzini, izingcezwana zezinsaha nezicucu zamadwala.
Zihlangana ngokuvumelanayo e-aquarium enendawo eyinkimbinkimbi engaphakathi, ngaphandle kokuzama ukungena kugebe.

Zinomphumela onenzuzo emaqabunga ama-almonds asolwandle, akhonza ngasikhathi sinye njengemihlobiso nezindawo zokupholisa amanzi.

I-Aquarium nge yachts inhlekelele kufanele kuvalwe uvalwe, ngoba ukuphuma kunoma iyiphi igebe kulezi zinhlanzi akuyona into enkulu.

Impumelelo yokuqukethwe Kalamoikhtov ilele ekuqineni kwezinkomba ze-hydrochemical. Izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo: izinga lokushisa 22-28 ° C, acid pH 6.2-7.5, ubunzima bokubili 2-18 dGH.

Lapho uguqula ingxenye yamanzi masonto onke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa enye yezinkomba zomoya ezimelelwa kakhulu kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa.

Ku-vivo yachts inhlekelele phila impilo yangakusasa. Ngakho-ke, ku-aquarium basebenza kakhulu kusihlwa.

AmaKalamoihts awawona umhlaba, ngenxa yalokho, angakwazi ukuhlangana kalula e-aquarium

Kalamoikhtov angagcinwa nezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi, into esemqoka ukuthi usayizi womakhelwane awubavumeli ukuba bagwinywe. Akunconywa ukuwagcina nezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu, ngoba lezi zamuva ziyabonakala yachts inhlekelele kuphela njengokudla. Ngakho-ke uma i-neon ihloselwe ukudoba izinhlanzi e-aquarium, khona-ke ngesikhathi esifushane bayoziqothula ngokuphelele.

Omakhelwane abahle kakhulu bangabhekwa njengama-cyprinid amakhulu, ama-cichlid, ama-catfish ahlukahlukene. Kalamoikhty akuzona ezendawo, ngakho-ke ku-aquarium bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa nabobulili obuhlukile bahlangana kalula.

Impilo Kalamoikhtov kungagcini ngokuthola ukudla kuphela. Banelisekile, bayaxhumana benjabulo.

Kuze kube muva nje, bekukholelwa lokho yachts inhlekelele ziyakwazi ukuzilawula futhi zithambekele esikhaleni ngenxa yomqondo oshisayo wokuhogela nokuthinta. Eqinisweni lokhu akulona iqiniso. Ukuqiniseka ngalokhu, kwanele ukubheka izinhlanzi ngokucophelela, futhi emva kwesikhashana kuzocaca ukuthi bakubona ngokuphelele konke okwenzekayo nxazonke, kufaka phakathi umashi wasolwandle, lapho esondela, bayenziwa balindele ukudla.

Kalamoikhty ziphendule kabi ezidakamizweni ezisuselwa kudayi we-organic kanye namabhati kasawoti. Le nto kufanele icatshangwe lapho ubaphatha.

Isikhathi sokuphila Kalamoikhtov ku-aquarium iminyaka engaba ngu-10.

I-dimorphism yezocansi

Ukwehluka kobulili kwangaphandle ku- Kalamoikhtov cishe angabonakali. Abesifazane bagcwala kancane futhi banomugqa wesisu wesisu.

Inkomba enkulu yokuhlukanisa insikazi kowesilisa ukwakheka nombala we-anal fin. Emadodeni, likhulu ngokubonakalayo futhi likhulu.

Uma i-anal fin kalamoikhta inesimo somuntu othanda ukwakheka futhi ihlukaniswe ngokusobala kusuka ku-caudal fin - phambi kwakho ungowesilisa. Kowesifazane, i-anal fin ifana noxantathu omncane futhi icishe ihlangane ne-caudal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bane-anal fin emnyama kancane.

Kunesinye isibonakaliso se-dimorphism yezocansi - inani lama-rays of the dorsal fin. Ngakho-ke emadodeni kukhona kusuka kwabangu-12 kuye ku-14, kubantu besifazane kusuka ku-9 kuya ku-12. Kucace bha ukuthi amabanga ezinombolo kubo bobabili ubulili ngamanani amancane futhi aphezulu angahlangana, ngakho-ke lolu phawu alunakubhekwa njengethembekile nge-100%.

Izici zangaphandle

Izinhlanzi ezihlukile zinezinhlamvu ezolile, ukuhamba nokubonakala okuhle. Omunye angahle ethuswe ukufana kwe-kalamoicht nenyoka, kodwa ukuthambekela okuhle kudala kwabenza baba izakhamuzi ezithandwayo zezindawo zasekhaya.

I-Kalamoicht ingeyesigaba se-ray-fin, njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ezaziwa namuhla

Ezinye izici ezihlukanisayo zalezi zimpaphe ze-ray zifaka:

• umzimba wenyoka, ofinyelela ubude obungu-30-40 cm (endaweni yemvelo ukhula ube ngu-90 cm),
• isikali esenziwe ngedayimane (cosmoid-ganoid),
• nekhanda elingunxantathu
• ukuba khona kokuphuma okuncane kwesihlazo, ukwenza umsebenzi wezitho ezingeziwe zokuthinta,
• ukushoda kwamaphiko we-ventral,
• amaphini amancane aphathekayo abekwe ngemuva kwekhanda futhi enephunga elimphuzi,
• isikali, ophuzi, umbala onsundu wesikali,
• amehlo amancane
• i-dorsal fin, ihlukaniswe imisebe (insikazi ingahle ibe kusuka ku-9 iye ku-12, owesilisa - kusuka kwezingama-12 kuye kwezingu-14),
• spikes (kusuka ezi-5 kuya kwezingu-18 izingcezu) eseduze kwe-caudal fin.

Izinhlanzi zeKalamoicht zinomqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga, kepha azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngombono omuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke, zizungeza i-aquarium, inyoka engaphansi kwamanzi ethembele kakhulu emqondweni wokuthinta.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinhlekelele zeCalabar

Intshisekelo ku- kalamoyhtamngokuqondene nezinto zokulungiswa kwe-aquarium ziyakhula unyaka nonyaka. Naphezu kokuthandwa okwandayo, bambalwa kuphela abakwaziyo ukuzala bathunjiwe.

Ukufikisa phakathi Kalamoikhtov iza eminyakeni emi-3. Ukuzalanisa e-aquarium ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amalungiselelo we-hormonal kunzima kakhulu, kepha kungenzeka. Amacala amaningi anjalo abikwe ngokusemthethweni.

Abantu bobulili obuhlukile bayasondelana futhi bavame ukulala phansi beboshwe.

Lapho abakhiqizi sebekulungele ukuqhakaza, bajikeleza kancane kancane izimbotshana zezitshalo ezinamashiya amancane, bagcina becishe bafana. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kugqwala kahle, kubhukuda ezitshalweni. Ngomzuzwana othile, owesilisa usondela kowesifazane, acishe amthinte, aqale ukusunduza ikhanda lakhe. Ekuphenduleni, insikazi iyama emahlangeni ezitshalo, ngaleyo ndlela ikwenza kucace kowesilisa ngokukulungela kwakhe. Owesilisa udlulela ekhweni lowesimame kuze kuthi lapho amaphiko awo e-anal esezingeni elifanayo, emva kwalokho amhlabe ngesinono sakhe. Kulesi simo, abakhiqizi beqhwa okwesikhashana. Ngesikhathi lapho insikazi ibeka ingxenye yamaqanda esitsheni eyakhiwe yi-anal fin yeduna, lapho kwenzeka khona umquba. Lapho-ke owesilisa ngokuhamba ngokushesha kwe-caudal fin usakaza amaqanda avundisiwe ngaphakathi kwezimila.

Izimbotshana zeCalabar izinhlekelele e-aquarium

I-adhesive, eyindilinga ngesimo, amaqanda anobubanzi obungu-2.1-2.6 mm agxotshwa endaweni engaphansi yesitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho inqubo iyaphindwa kuze kubekwe wonke amaqanda.

Livare kalamoikhta Hatch ngosuku lwesithathu futhi uqhubeke ulenga kule substrate. Banombala omnyama, ocishe ube mnyama, futhi ubude bomzimba wabo bufushane ngokwanele ukubona izinhlanzi zenyoka zesikhathi esizayo kubo. Njengezibungu zabathile abasemanzini, banama-gill ama-gill angaphandle anezinhlamvu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, imizimba yabo ibanzi ngokubonakalayo. Ngosuku lweshumi nantathu, i-yolk sac incishiswa kakhulu ngosayizi futhi amehlo aqala ukwakha.
Ngosuku lweshumi nesishiyagalolunye, i-yolk sac inyamalala ngokuphelele futhi izibungu eziyishumi zamamilimitha ziqala ukubhukuda futhi zizondle nge-artemia nauplii. Imisebe yokuqala ye-caudal fin iqala ukuhluka ngemuva kokuba ifry ifinyelela ku-13 mm ubude. Imisebe ye-dorsal fin ivela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibe no-fry ubude obuyi-20 mm. Umbala we-eel-like fry uhlala umnyama. Amaphethini okuqala we-rhomboid avela esifundeni somsila. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho usayizi wokuthosa ungama-30 mm; ngasikhathi sinye, kwakhiwa amashubhu emakhaleni. Ngokusobala, bayabonakala ngobude bentsha eduze kuka-40 mm. Izinyanga ezinhlanu uFry Kalamoikhtov finyelela usayizi ongu-60 mm.

Namuhla calomo yacht kuvame ukutholakala ngokuthengiswa. Njengoba ukhethe lezi zinhlanzi ezihehayo, kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela ukubukeka kwazo nokuziphatha kwazo ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Lapho ungenisa ama-aquabionts emaphaketheni wokuhambisa, umoya-mpilo uvame ukudonswa amanzi. Abangenisi abayibali njalo iqiniso lokuthi yachts inhlekelele lapho uphefumula, abamba umoya osemkhathini, kuyilapho umoya-mpilo ukwazi ukushisa ulwelwesi lwama-mucous webadada lokubhukuda namathumbu, okuthi esikhathini esizayo kungaholele ekufeni kwenhlanzi.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Lapho igcinwa e-aquarium, ukuzingela kwenhlekelele ngeke kudinge izimo ezingenakucatshangwa kumniniyo. Ukunakekelwa kalula nokutshala kungenye yezinzuzo eziphambili zale nhlanzi.

Lesi yisakhamuzi sase-aquarium esingazethembi esithanda ukucasha ku-algae aminyene namatshe.

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi, elihlukahluka phakathi kwebanga lama-22-29 ° С.
• Izinga le-pH lisuka ku-5.5 liye ku-8.
• Ubunzima bamanzi kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-15.
• Ukuhlunga okuhlelwe kahle, ngoba inhlanzi enjengenyoka ayikwazi ukubekezelela amanzi angcolile.
• Ukuba khona kwanoma yikuphi ukukhanyiswa, njengoba i-kalamoicht ithanda ukushibilika emithonjeni yokukhanya yokwenziwa.

IKalamoikht idinga amanzi ahlanzekile, anomoya-mpilo, isilinganiso esifanele sokukhanya ne-aquarium okumelwe ivalwe

Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukunakekela i-aeration, ukuba khona kwayo kungakhethwa, inqobo uma inhlanzi kuphela yalolu hlobo ehlala e-aquarium noma izakhamuzi zayo zasemanzini ezi-labyrinthine ezingomakhelwane bayo. Uma umakhelwane umelwe ezinye izinhlanzi, khona-ke zingadinga i-aeration, ngoba inyoka yezinhlanzi iyakwazi ukugwinya ngokuzimela ukuphefumula umoya, ngezikhathi ezithile intantela ebusweni bamanzi.

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ekunakekelweni kweKalabar Kalamoichta yi-aquarium evaliwe ngokuqinile.

Naphezu kwesimo sakhe sokuthula, lo mmeleli wezimpaphe ze-ray uthambekele amahlumela, uma ushiya igebe elincane kakhulu, khona-ke inyoka ye-aquarium izomane ibaleke futhi ife, ngoba ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside.

Ukuvumelana

Inyoka yenhlanzi ye-Aquarium, yize iyingwadla, ihlangana kahle nezinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo noma ezinkulu. Zilungele bona:

• I-Synodontis fish
• Ama-cichlid (isb., Amakheli),
• Izithwali ezinkulu zentambo ye-gourami,
• Severum
• I-Harazinci enkulu.

Kepha uKalamoikht ubona izinhlanzi ezincane njengezinyamazane, ngakho-ke uphatheka kabi bese eqala ukuzingela izinhlanzi:

• Neon
• IBarbusov
• UDanio
• Shrimp
• Guppy
• Mollinsia
• Izinkemba
• Ama-tetras amancane
• I-Rassborov,
• I-catfish encane
• Iminenke
• Ama-amphibians amancane.

Futhi i-kalamoikht ingahlasela izinhlanzi zobukhulu bayo, okuholele ekulweni kokudla nasensimini. Kungcono ukuthi kube owesilisa oyedwa kuphela. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, singasho ukuthi ku-aquariums kalamoikht inokuhambisana okuhle.

Ukondla Ingozi Yacht

Inhlanzi enezinyoka ingummeleli ocacile wabazingeli bamanzi amasha. Umlomo we-kalamoicht ugcwele amazinyo abukhali, kanti nomshini womlomo uqobo awuhloselwe ukudla okuncane, ngakho-ke ukudla kwale nhlanzi kufanele kube nokudla okukhulu.

Ukudla okungcono kommeleli onjengenyoka wensipho ye-ray kungaba:

• isifo esikhulu segazi,
• iminyundu, kanye nezibungu,
• squid osikiwe noma umhluzi,
• inhlanzi noma inqola yenkukhu.

IKalamoicht nayo ingadla isidlo sasemini ngokudla okhethekile okukhethekile ngendlela yamathebulethi, inqobo nje uma inikezwa izinhlanzi njalo. Uma i-fish kite ihlala e-aquarium nabanye abamele umbuso wamanzi, kuzodingeka uqiniseke ukuthi indoda enhle yaseCalabar ithola ukudla.

Isinyoka esidla inyama singadla izinambuzane ezinkulu kanye nezibungu, kanye nokudla okukhethekile

Iqiniso ngukuthi le nhlanzi inomqondo obukhali wephunga, ngakho-ke lapho ifuna ukudla, iqondiswa yilolu muzwa futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ingaqapheli ngisho nesibungu esikhulu kuze kube iyakhubeka kuyo. Ukuvimbela isilwane esingajwayelekile esingaboni kahle ukuthi singafulawa yindlala, ungasebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile lokondla izinhlanzi ezingaphansi. I-fry ye-calamoichta kufanele idle okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 ngesonto, futhi abantu abadala - kabili noma kathathu. Lokhu kungenxa yokugaya ukudla okude.

Ukondla nokudla

Njengoba kunikezwe i-kalamoykht ezilwaneni ezidla izinyawo, kuyadingeka ukuyondla ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikelemu, izimpethu. Inhlanzi enhlobonhlobo noma inkukhu yokudla, ekhethelwa usayizi womlomo wenhlanzi, nayo idliwa kalula. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izinhlekelele ziyizinhlanzi ezingaboni kahle. Kungcono ukuthi umondle imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngemuva kokondla izidalwa eziphambili ezise-aquarium. Ithebula elihlangene lingashiya i-Kalamaicht eyimpumputhe ngaphandle kwesidlo sakusihlwa. Abantu abasha kudingeka bondliwe izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngesonto. Umuntu okhulile izikhathi ezingama-2-3. Izinhlanzi ezinyoka zigaya ukudla isikhathi eside.

Ukondla izinhlanzi ze-aquarium kufanele kube okulungile: olinganiselayo, ohlukahlukene. Lo mthetho obalulekile uwukhiye wokulondolozwa okuphumelelayo kwanoma iyiphi inhlanzi, kungaba ngama-guppies noma ama-astronotuses. Isigaba "Kanjani futhi malini ukondla izinhlanzi zasemanzini" ikhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, ichaza izimiso eziyisisekelo zokudla kanye nohulumeni wokudla izinhlanzi.

Kulesi sihloko, sibona into ebaluleke kakhulu - ukondla izinhlanzi akufanele kube yisinengiso, konke ukudla okwomile noku bukhoma kufanele kufakwe ekudleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake okuthandwa yi-gastronomic kwenhlanzi ethile futhi, ngokuya ngalokhu, kufaka ekudleni kwayo kokudla noma okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwamaphrotheni noma okuphambene nalokho okuqukethe izithako zemifino.

Okuphakelayo okudumile nokuthandwa yizinhlanzi, vele, ukudla okwomile. Isibonelo, njalo ngehora futhi yonke indawo lapho ungathola khona ukudlela emashalofini ase-aquarium - umholi wemakethe yaseRussia, empeleni, isiqiniseko sokuphakelwa kwalesi Tetra sifakwa njengokuphakelwa komuntu ngamunye kohlobo oluthile lwezinhlanzi: kwegolide, ama-cichlids, ama-loricarias, ama-guppies, ama-labyrinths, ama-arovans, ama-discus, njll. .d. I-Tetra ibuye yathuthukisa ama-feed akhethekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukisa umbala, i-solidified noma i-fry. Imininingwane egcwele kuko konke ukuphakelwa kweTetra, ungakuthola kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yenkampani - lapha.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho uthenga noma yikuphi ukudla okwomile, kufanele unake usuku okwenziwe ngalo kanye nokuphila eshalofini, zama ukungathengi ukudla ngesisindo, futhi futhi nokugcina ukudla kusendaweni evaliwe - lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbali ezikuwo.

Baphila ngemvelo eNigeria naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Njengoba ngike ngachaza ngenhla, ama-kalamoahts ahlala emifuleni engemuva kwemifula, lapho kungekho khona okusheshayo njengamanje nasezindlini zamachibi. Inhlanzi enamanzi ahlanzekile ngokuphelele. Uma ama-kalamoahts engahlala emanzini angenamkhawulo, khona-ke u-10% wokuqukethwe usawoti emanzini kubangela isimo esishisayo enhlanzini, asuka kuyo isikhathi eside.

Bheka incazelo

Ngokushesha kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi silwane esingesiso esawo wonke umuntu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi luzoheha abantu abalandela izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zendabuko, okulondoloziwe kanye nabahlushwa i-aphid abahlushwa i-ophidiophobia. Kepha kubantu abafuna kakhulu ukumangalisa futhi bathande ukumangala, i-kalamoiht izoba yinto enhle!

Ebantwini abavamile, iKalamoach Kalabar (iCalamoichthys calabaricus) yaziwa kangcono ngokuthi inhlanzi yenyoka. Ngempela, ibukeka kakhulu njenge reptile: umzimba oguquguqukayo ombozwe ngesikali, unxantathu, ikhanda eliphothwe kancane nomlomo omkhulu onamazinyo.

Ngokufana okuphelele, lulimi kuphela olwashiwo kuphela olungekho, kepha alunjalo. Esikhundleni salokho, kukhona i-antennae encane ekhonza njengesitho sokuthinta.

Umbala ungaba yinoma yini ukusuka ku-brown-brown and green to red or red. Ngasemuva ngaphambili komsila kunezinhlaka zomzimba ezi-8-15.

Izidingo zokunakekelwa nokuqukethwe

-bathanda amanzi ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kokuhlunga kuyimpoqo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-aeration iyakhethwa, ngoba lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luphefumula umoya wasemkhathini.

- i-aquarium kufanele ivale ngokuqinile! Slots zamashubhu nezintambo, uma zikhona, zixhunywa kangcono ngesiponji. Uma ushintsha amanzi, hlanza i-aquarium, njll. futhi udinga ukusuka kude ne-aquarium isikhashana, noma ushiye unogada endaweni yakho, noma uvale i-aquarium ngokuqinile ngesivalo. UKalamoikht ngemizuzwana embalwa angangena endle, kodwa isikhathi eside ngeke abe khona ngaphandle kwamanzi.

- hhayi kungenasisekelo endabeni yokukhanyisa, kungaba yinoma yini. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlanzi zithanda ukuphuma kusihlungi kanye ne-bask ngaphansi kwesibani sokukhanya, ngakho-ke okungenani uhlobo oluthile lokukhanyisa luyadingeka. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, lesi yisakhamuzi sokuhlwa, inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi libonakala ngokuzinikela okufiphele.

- endaweni yazo yemvelo, ama-kalamoahts ahlala emifudlaneni emincane yemifula noma echibini lamachibi, lapho kukhona khona izimila ezinamanzi ahlukahlukene futhi ahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwamanzi. Kulokhu kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukuba khona kwezitshalo ku-aquarium kuyadingeka, nalabo ongafihla kubo. Ngaphezu kwezitshalo, i-aquarium kufanele ifakwe umhlobiso wokukhosela (amabhodwe, amphorae, amagobolondo, njll.). Njengomthetho, ama-kalamoahts akuzona izinhlanzi eziyimfihlo kakhulu, athanda ukuhlala ngasengilazi, abuke isimo ... kepha aphila isikhathi eside, ngokuzolile futhi ngentokozo, azi kuphela ukuthi uma kwenzeka ingozi iba nendawo ethile yokucasha.

Ukudla kwezinhlanzi

Ukondla i-kalamoikht akubangeli ubunzima. Izinhlanzi ezinempilo zithatha ukudla okwejwayelekile kwemvelo (ngisho nangefreyimu). Uthanda ikakhulukazi amagciwane amakhulu egazi. Ngenkathi efudumele, ama-tadpoles kanye nama-earthworms angeniswa ekudleni. Kalamoicht unganikezeli izingcezu ezincane ze-squid ne shrimp. Inhlanzi icishe ayinandaba nokudla owomile, ibadle ngokungabaza okukhulu.
Inhlanzi enezinyoka ingumhlali wase-aquarium onokuthula; ayicasuli omakhelwane bayo abakhulu. Izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-kalamoikht ngeke zikwazi ukugwinya. Bahlangana kahle nanoma iyiphi inhlanzi, kepha bangathatha imali eyisipho, ikakhulukazi i-sklyar neon, ukudla.

Kalamoikhta

Umzimba mude, inyoka. Ikhanda, njengenyoka, linxantathu kancane. Amaphinifa we-pectoral atholakala eduze nekhanda, abe nombala wewolintshi noma ophuzi, abe nocezu omnyama phakathi. Ebusweni kukhona imisele emibili emincane ye-tubal. Amaphiko we-ventral awekho. Zingaba nombala oluhlaza okotshani ophuziwe, noma o-beige-brown onephunga eliluhlaza okotshani. Isisu sivame ukuphuzi nge-beige. Eduze ne-caudal fin kunama-spine angama-5-18. Lapho ukubhukuda kuthule, ameva acindezelwa emzimbeni, kodwa lapho ikilamoicht inovalo futhi izwa ingozi, ameva ame ngokuphela. Izikali zibushelelezi, zibunjiwe ngamadayimane, okwenza ukuthi zifane nenyoka.

Umlando weKalamoicht Ngokokuqala ngqa lokhu kudotshwa kwezinhlanzi zenyoka emangalisayo ngonyaka we-1906, eYurophu embukisweni wezilwane zasemanzini, obanjelwe eMagdeburg. I- "Aquarium" yepaki yeStockholm ethnographic "Skansen" yethule i- "Aquarium" yeMosco Zoo ngamakhophi ama-4 eCalabar Calamo Yacht ka-1984. Futhi kuphela iminyaka engama-20 ngemuva kwalokhu kalamaikht wasithatha ngesibindi isikhundla somuhlali ojwayelekile wase-aquarium.

I-Arisen engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40. Eminyakeni edlule, iCalabar kalamaikht namuhla cishe ayifani ngokuvela kokhokho bayo, amaCladistia, abhekwa njengenye yezinhlanzi zasendulo emhlabeni wethu. Amakhulu eminyaka adluleko wokuziphendukela kwemvelo ashiye nje kuphela amaphiko we-pectoral esibonelweni sesimanje, cishe ngaphandle kokukhipha ngokuphelele amaphini we-ventral, noma ukuwashintshela emsileni onomqhele omncane we-dorsal spines ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ososayensi abaningi banesifiso salolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ngoba, ngokusho kwemibono eminingi, kuvela kwizidalwa ezinjalo ukuthi izakhamizi zanamuhla zomhlaba wethu ziyehla. Ukuba ngumhlali wasemanzini ngokugcwele, i-kalamoicht inamaphaphu, okuyizikhwama zamaphaphu ezimbili ezilinganayo, zakhiwe ngendlela efanayo namaphaphu ezincelisayo eziningi futhi zihluke ngokuphelele ohlotsheni lokuphefumula kwezinhlanzi eziningi.

Kunezinguqulo, imibono ethi, lapho kwenzeka inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, abanye abafowethu be-calamoichthus bakhule izitho futhi bashiya emhlabeni.

Kungenzeka yini ukuzala inhlekelele

Uma ufuna inhlanzi ebukeka njengenyoka e-aquarium yakho, kuzodingeka uthenge ikhophi elethwe endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo. Futhi konke ngoba e-aquarium, iKalamoicht iphinda izale kakhulu.

Kukhona iqiniso elilodwa elirekhodiwe lokuzala ngempumelelo ngempumelelo emuva kuma-1990s. Kuleso simo, izinhlanzi zase zindala impela.

Ubukhulu bamaqanda weKalamoicht - 2-2.5 mm, futhi ngenxa yokunamathela kwawo, anamathela kalula ezitshalweni. Izibungu ze-hry hatch ngemuva kwamahora angama-70, kepha qhubeka nokuhlala unamathele kwi-algae, ukondla kokuqukethwe kwe-yolk sac. Bazoqala ukudla njengenjwayelo emavikini amabili kuya kwayi-3. Emvelweni yemvelo, iKalamoicht izalela unyaka wonke, ekuthunjweni - kuyaqabukela, futhi lokhu kuyinhlanhla yangempela.

Uthi bewazi?I-catfish enobuhlakani iSyodontis multipunctata idla amaqanda kwezinye izinhlanzi bese iphonsa eyayo kule ndawo. Futhi-ke, esikhundleni se- "cuckoo" enobuhlakani, "omama abazikhulisayo" bazibandakanya enzalweni yakhe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izinhlanzi zenyoka zingafinyelela kubude obungama-40 cm ku-aquarium futhi ziphile iminyaka eyishumi. Uma uqala iKalamoikhta, khona-ke enye yezinhlanzi zasendulo zomhlaba izokujabulisa isikhathi eside ngokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile kanye nokuhamba okuguquguqukayo, okuhle.

Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium I-Aquarium Abahlali basezinhlanzini ze-aquarium Big Fish Prey

Ukuzalela kanye nezici zobulili zeCalabar calamoichitis

Ukwehluka kobulili phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane kungabonakala uma ubhekisisa kakhulu))). Insikazi inesisu esishubile futhi i-anal fin ilula kakhulu kunaleya yabesilisa. Njengomthetho, ine-hue yomnqumo ophuzi. Futhi, abesilisa banamaphiko aphakathi kwayi-12 kuye kwayi-14, kuyilapho abesifazane besuka kwabangu-9 kuye kwabali-12. Azikho ezinye izimfanelo zobulili ezihlukile kwiCalabar calamoichta.

Ngaphandle kokukhuthaza okwenziwe nge-hormonal, ama-kalamoahts awazali ngaphandle kwezimo zemvelo. Kwabaningi, iminyaka eminingi, bambalwa kakhulu abaye baphumelela ukufeza impumelelo ekhonkolo ekuzalweni kwabo. Ngakho-ke, kuncane okwaziwayo ngesiqephu esithi “caviar-fish”. AmaKalamoihts asevele ekhululiwe alethwa ngokuqondile emigwaqweni engemuva kweLizwe lawo elikhulu.

Inentshisekelo ngenyoka ...

Ezindongeni zaseNtshonalanga Afrika, lapho iCalabar calamoicht yethu ihlala khona, izinganekwane zakhiwa ngenhlanzi yenyoka eyinqaba. Futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi babengenazo izinhlanzi uqobo.

Ukuba yinhlanzi yenyoka eNigeria kuyafana nokuba ikati elimnyama eRussia. UKalamaicht wayehlala abulawa, engamthathi ukuthi ungubani ngempela. Ukusuka kude, iKalamoikhta, okuyisimanga empeleni, ayizange ithathwe kalula njengenyoka. Futhi kulezo zindawo, ezingadabukisi, cishe zonke izinyoka zinobuthi futhi ziletha izinkinga eziningi kubahlali bendawo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-kalamoychta yayisahlukaniswa nezinhlobo zezinyoka. Kepha, isigwebo esilandelayo sakhe besingakaduduzi. Izakhamizi zezinkolelo-ze, sezizwile izinganekwane nezinsumansumane ezivela kubathengisi abavela emfuleni, azikwazanga ukusizakala kepha zaqaphela ukufana okuthile phakathi kukadrako kalakaicht nodrako wesinyoka ongumShayina, owayejezisa abakholwayo nababi, wayehlakaniphile kodwa engenasineke.

Ngaphandle kokungabaza, abomdabu bendawo bafika esiphethweni sokuthi onkulunkulu babathukuthelele abantu baseNigeria futhi bagwaza umhlaba, bavula igebe emfuleni bangena esihogweni somhlaba, lapho ubulungiswa bunyuka ngendlela yama-kalamaikhts. AbaseNigeria babenokuthile abakusaba. Ngaleso sikhathi, babethengisa konke ababengakwenza. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho ukuhweba kwegolide namadayimane kukhula khona. Futhi onkulunkulu babo bayakwenqabela ukuhweba ngezwe labo. Abantu abethukile babelinde nje isizathu sokubona ukuqondiswa komuntu kwesijeziso sezono zabo. Futhi ngokusho kwencazelo yomthengisi-wezindaba, iNyoka ingumgwedli, kahle, i-tyutelka ku-tyutelku kalamoyht. Umzimba omude, amaphiko akhula kusuka ekhanda, aphaphaza ngemuva nomsila, ahlala emanzini, futhi azalwa emathunjini omhlaba.

Ukwamukela abantu abadala, cishe ama-kalamoahts angamamitha amade we-Dragon Serpents, abantu bachitha nje inani elikhulu kakhulu lalezi zidalwa ezithandekayo. Kwakukhona ngisho nabazingeli abakhethekile ababeqaphe idolobhana labo kwiNyoka Ehlakaniphile.

Noma kunjalo, enye yezinhlanzi ezindala kakhulu emhlabeni wethu, esevakashele inyoka nodrako, iye yasinda kuze kube namuhla ukuba isilwane sasolwandle futhi ijabulise iso ngomusa wayo, ukuqina nokungajwayelekile.

Konke okungenhla kumane kuyisithelo sokubheka lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi zasemanzini nokuqoqa imininingwane ehlukahlukene evela kubanikazi nabahwebi abasebenza ngokuzalanisa. Sithanda ukwaba ulwazi hhayi ngezivakashi kuphela, kepha futhi nemizwa ebukhoma evumela ukuthi singene ngokugcwele futhi ngobuhlakani ukungena ezweni lama-aquariums. Bhalisa kwa-https: //fanfishka.ru/forum/ impumelelo kanye nenjabulo yabo, babelana ngolwazi futhi bafunda kwabanye. Sinesifiso sayo yonke ingxenye yesipiliyoni sakho, umzuzwana ngamunye wenjabulo yakho, konke ukuqwashisa ngephutha elenza ukuthi ozakwabo bakho bagweme iphutha elifanayo. Ukuthi lapho sesikhona, amaconsi amsulwa futhi obala kakhulu asempilweni nasekuphileni komphakathi wethu wezigidigidi eziyisikhombisa.

Ukusakazwa kweVivo

Ukusakazwa kwale nhlanzi kuqala ngesikhathi sezikhukhula. Abesilisa belwela abesifazane bahlela ukulwa okude. Ngemuva kokuba umbhangqwana unqunyiwe kanye nokufakwa komanyolo, insikazi ibekela amaqanda kuhlaza obukhulu noma emiseleni yasogwini. Inzalo iqala ukuzalwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine i-fry ivele ishaqeke ngokuphelele.
Amafutha ale nhlanzi anezinambuzane ezingamakhandlela zangaphandle ezivumela abasha ukuba baphile emanzini angahlanganisiwe nomoya-mpilo. Bazondla ngezinto eziphilayo ze-planktonic, ngokwesibonelo, i-artemia.

Ulwazi oluvamile

UKalamoicht Kalabar (i-Erpetoichthys calabaricus) ukuphela kommeli wohlobo lwayo. I-epithet yezinhlobo zezilwane yatholakala ukuhlonipha idolobhana lase-Old Calabar (eNigeria). Igama lohlobo livela kumagama amabili esiGrikhi athi erpeton - "ezinwabuzelayo" kanye ne-ichthys - "inhlanzi". Izinhlanzi ezinwabuzelayo, noma inhlanzi yenyoka, zingamagama angavame ukutholakala lapho uthengisa lezi zinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile. Kukhona namagama anjengezinhlanzi zomhlanga nezinhlanzi zezintambo.

IKalamoihty ngokwemvelo ihlala emazweni aseNtshonalanga Afrika. Imvamisa izinhlanzi zitholakala emizimbeni yamanzi enokuqukethwe komoya ophelele. Njengokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinjalo ezingezinhle zemvelo, ingxenye yesinye sokubhukuda kwezinhlanzi zenyoka isishintshile futhi empeleni isebenza njengesitho esengeziwe sokuphefumula. Ungabona ukuthi izinhlanzi ngezikhathi ezithile zinamathisela kanjani ikhanda lazo ukuphuma emanzini ukuphefumula umoya. Ngosizo lwe-kalamohacht "ekhanyayo" enjalo, ingakwenza ngaphandle kwamanzi amahora angama-8, inqobo nje uma isikhumba simanzi.

IKalamoicht ingenye yezinhlanzi ezingavamile kakhulu ezitholakala emanzini. Uhamba kancane emugqeni wamanzi, ubhoboka ngaphandle kwezitshalo, kunzima kakhulu ukugqashula ekumbukeni.

Inhlanzi yezinyoka ihola ikakhulukazi indlela yokuphila yasebusuku, kepha uma isondla njalo amahora athile iba namandla esikhathi sasemini. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-kalamoaht ingumhlaseli osebenzayo, iyinhlanzi enamahloni futhi enamahloni, imvamisa ikhetha ukucasha ezindaweni zokugcina.

Ukubukeka

IKalamoikht Kalabar inomzimba wenyoka embozwe esikalini somilo wedayimane. Isici sayo esihlukile ukubakhona kokuqalwa kwesicubu esikhethekile - i-hanoin, esesibili kuphela ku-enamel yamazinyo ngamandla. Lokhu kunikeza inhlanzi ukufana nenyoka.

Ubukhulu bomzimba oqoshiwe obukhulu bungama-37 cm, ubukhulu bawo bufika ku-2 cm.

Ikhanda linxantathu, lithambile, linomlomo omkhulu ogcwele amazinyo. Ekhanda kukhona amehlo amancane nokuphuma okukhethekile - izitho zokuthinta. Ngemuva kwekhanda kukhona amaphiko we-pectoral anebala elimnyama ezansi, lawo angaphakathi awekho. I-dorsal fin ngesimo semisebe ngayinye (izingcezu eziyi-8-15) ukusuka kusuka phakathi komzimba kuya kwesisekelo somsila. I-anal fin fan-ezimise noma unxantathu, ifuduselwe ku-caudal. Umsila u-oval, ukhombe phakathi.

Umbala oyinhloko womzimba yi-olive, isisu siphuzi.

Izikhukhula ekhanda le-kalamohacht - izitho zokuthinta

I-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwanga. Abesifazane bagcwele, i-anal fin yabo incane futhi inxantathu ngesimo. Ezinye zezimpawu ezinembe kakhulu zokuzimisela kwezocansi inani lama-ray lama-anal fin yabantu abadala. Abesilisa basuka kwabangu-12 kuye kwabangu-14, kanti abesifazane basuka kwabangu-9 kuye kwabangu-12. Noma kunjalo, noma lokhu akunikezeli isiqinisekiso esingu-100% sokuzimisela okufanele ngocansi.

Isikhathi sokuphila emanzini asemanzini cishe yiminyaka eyi-8.

Kalamoicht -

izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezithakazelisayo.

Ngokuqinisekile wonke umuntu wasemanzini angathanda ukugcina okuthile obekungajwayelekile, okuzoheha ukunakwa kwabangane bomdlalo wokuzilibazisa, izihlobo nezivakashi. Futhi kulokhu, ngaphezu kwalokho, bekungadingekile ukwenza umgodi omnyama kwisabelomali, ukuthenga i-aquarium yamalitha angama-500, nemishini ehambelana nayo. Yebo, khona-ke isigamu sesikhathi sokusebenzisa ekunakekeleni ngaso sonke isikhathi akusona ithuba. Kepha ikhona indlela! Hlangana noKalabar Kalamoikht, odabuka eNtshonalanga Afrika, noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, inhlanzi yenyoka (yize isilwane sethu esisha singekho lutho ngezinyoka, ngaphandle kokufana kwangaphandle). Ukulayizela ngomusa kukholamu yamanzi, noma ngobuqili ukuphuma ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-anubias, i-calamoicht izokwengeza i-charm kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium.

Photo 1. Inhlekelele ye-calabar e-aquarium akuyona impilo efihlekile kakhulu. Ichitha isikhathi esiningi engilazini yangaphambili.

Ukuma okuhleliwe kwenyoka yethu ye-aquarium kungokulandelayo:

Uhlobo: I-Chordata (Chordata) Ikilasi: Inhlanzi enziwe ngoRay (Actinopterygii) Oda: Okubunjiwe (Amaphawu amakhulu) Umndeni: Ama-Multi-featched (Polypteridae) Genus: Kalamoikhty (Erpetoichthys) Izinhlobo: Kalamoikht Kalabar (Erpetoichthys calabaricus)

Yisiphi lesi sidalwa sakudala esaphila kuze kube namuhla? Umzimba mude, inyoka, ifinyelela ku-40 cm ubude nama-2 cm ubukhulu. Isikali esimise okwedayimane elihle (kwisayensi elibizwa ngokuthi yi-cosmoid-ganoid - uphawu lomsuka wakudala kakhulu) sigcizelela ukufana nenyoka. Kunezinto ezimbili eziphumayo esiqeshini sesifumbu - izitho zomqondo omuhle kakhulu wokuthinta. Ngemuva kwekhanda kukhona amaphiko amabili amancane e-pectoral. Inhlanzi inombala omuhle we-olive, isisu sinombala ophuzi. I-dorsal fin imelelwa ngemisebe ngayinye. Kwezinzwa, umuzwa wokuhogela nokuthinta athuthukiswa kakhulu. Umuzwa wokuhogela umangalisa ngempela ngisho nangamazinga ezinhlanzi. Kepha ngokubona, imvelo ye-kalamoacht yacasulwa - wayeyimpumputhe eqondile. Naka amehlo akhe - mncane kakhulu. Futhi ubaqhathanise, ngokwesibonelo, nosayizi wamehlo wesikali esifanayo noma se-bots-Clown - izinhlanzi ezisetshenziselwa ukuncika ekubukeni kwamehlo.

Photo 2. Enye yezinhlanzi ezindala kakhulu eziphilayo - uKalamoikht Kalabar (Erpetoichthys calabaricus). Izazi zesimo sezinto eziphilayo okwamanje azikwazanga ukucosha "ukuvela" kokugqekezwa kwamaPolypter, kepha bakholelwa ukuthi amadlozi enhlekeleleni nama-polypteruse aphila esikhathini se-Triassic eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200 edlule.

Ngaphezu kwalombhalo, ukuze ngigweme i-tautology, ngizosebenzisa amagama athi "inyoka yezinhlanzi" noma "inhlanzi yenyoka", yize ngigcizelela ukuthi izidalwa ezivamile, futhi hhayi izinyoka ikakhulukazi, azihlobene nama-kalamohts. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo iKalamoicht yiNtshonalanga Afrika, lapho kuhlala khona amanzi emifula yeNigeria, iCongo, iBenin, ne-Equatorial Guinea neCameroon. Ama-prefers ahamba kancane noma acishe abe manzi.

Ukulungiswa, i-aquarium yamalitha ayi-100, etshalwe ngokungenamikhambi ngezitshalo, noma enezindawo zokukhosela eziningi (noma ungayenza nobabili) kufanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe i-aquarium ibukeka "iminyene" - futhi ingcono. Abantu baseCalabari badinga indawo yokukhosela, ngakho bazizwa beqiniseka ngokwengeziwe futhi baziphatha ngesibindi. Ububanzi be-pH busuka ku-6.5 kuya ku-8, izinga lokushisa elinethezekile ngu-25-27 ° C. Angicabangi ukuhlunga okuhlelwe kahle, kuyindlela yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlanzi. Kodwa i-aeration ye-kalamoyhta ayidingeki (inqobo nje uma igcinwa endaweni yezinhlanzi zasolwandle, noma uma, ngokwesibonelo, ama-labyrinths enza njengomakhelwane). Ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo se-anatomical, iyakwazi ukugwinya umoya osemkhathini futhi ikhiphe umoya-mpilo kuwo. Lokhu kulula ukukuqaphela - ngezikhathi ezithile inyoka yezinhlanzi iphumela phezulu ibambe ingxenye yomoya ngomlomo wayo, emva kwalokho iphinde inyathele phansi. IKalamoikht idinga ukufinyelela mahhala ebusweni, uma ingekho, khona-ke inhlanzi izofa nge-asphyxiation, ngoba kuphela i-gill yokuphefumula ayanele. Ngokuvamile, kungumhlali wasemuva ongezansi. Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile - i-aquarium kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile. IKalamoicht inamandla okucwila kunoma yiliphi igebe futhi yaziwa ngomkhuba wayo wokudubula usuka e-aquarium. Ukukhanyisa kuzofanela noma ngubani. Ngifanele ngisho ukuthi ama-kalamoahts awakubekezeleli kahle ukuthutha ukusuka kwelinye i-aquarium kuya kwelinye, angakwenqaba ukudla izinsuku eziningana, noma ngisho amasonto (noma kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuzilimaza kakhulu). Ngokwami, inyoka yezinhlanzi yaqala ukudla ngosuku lwesithathu, kodwa futhi ngikuhlanganisa lokhu neqiniso lokuthi wamnika ukudla okungajwayelekile nokungathandeki. Indawo yokukhosela entsha izosiza izindawo eziningi zokukhosela. Isibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuthi lokhu kuvumelana kwenzeke futhi umhlali omusha uthole i-niche e-aquarium yakho, ukuthi i-kalamoikht ikhetha indawo eyodwa noma ezimbili zokuhlala, lapho ichitha khona ingxenye ebalulekile yesikhathi sayo. Kimi, ngokwesibonelo, kwavela isihlahla esikhulu se-anubias engilazini engaphambili.

Photo 3. AmaKalamoihts athanda amathanga aminyene ezitshalo. Ngomklamo ofanele we-aquarium, awanamahloni isikhathi eside esitholakala engilazini engaphambili.

Habitat

Uhla lwendalo lwezinhlanzi zenyoka lubandakanya amazwe ase-Afrika anjenge-Angola, Nigeria, Cameroon, Benin kanye neRiphabhlikhi yaseCongo. Ihlala imifula emincane ehamba kancane, kanye nezindikimba zamanzi ezimi. Babonakala ngokuqukethwe komoya ophefumulwayo. Izinhlanzi ziyaphila kulezo zimo ezinzima ngenxa yesitho esengeziwe sokuphefumula.

Ukutholwa, umehluko wobulili, ukuziphatha kwenhlekelele

Lapho uthenga isilwane esingajwayelekile, udinga ukunaka umbala. Kufanele ibe olive olive. Hhayi grey, okungukuthi umnqumo. Izembozo akufanele zibe nezilonda, ukuguguleka kanye nokunye ukulimala (noma kunjalo, lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlanzi ezitholakele). Ukwahluka kocansi kuma-kalamoyhts akuvezwa kahle. Kukhona uhlobo lokuthi ubulili bunganqunywa ngenani lemisebe ye-dorsal fin - owesilisa une-12-14, uma kukhona imisebe engu-9-12, khona-ke sinowesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-anal fin yowesifazane incane kunaleyo yowesilisa. Ukuzalela izinhlekelele e-aquarium insimu efanayo engafinyeleleki njengokuzalela ama-bots-Clown, ngokwesibonelo. Amacala, uma ayaziwa, ahlukaniswa ngokweqiniso, ngaphandle kwemininingwane enemininingwane. Kuphakama ukuthi imijovo yama-hormone iyadingeka ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa. Imithombo eminingi ithi i-kalamoicht isebenza ikakhulu ebumnyameni. Eqinisweni, bayasebenza phakathi nosuku, uma bezizwa bephephile. Le nhlanzi ayilogwala futhi ngokuzithandela ibhukuda iya engilazini engaphambili, ikuvumela ukuba uzigqume. Ngaphandle, ngokungafani ne-bots noma ama-scalars, empeleni ayinaki. Ngibe nenkinga lapho ikati lihlala eduzane ne-aquarium, futhi, ngibona inhlanzi engajwayelekile (i-kalamoicht ilele ngokuthula ngaphansi kwesihlahla), yaqala ukuhlaba ingilazi yayo engilazini. Ngakho-ke inyoka yenhlanzi ayizange futhi idele ukuguqula ikhanda, ilethe lowo ommelayo wefeline ngokoqobo - wayengajwayele ukungazi. Lapho kukhona izinhlanzi ezincane, njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, i-kalamoikht izoyizingela. Futhi ebusuku. Ebumnyameni obuphelele, izinhlanzi zasemini ziyahlakazeka, kepha inhlanzi yenyoka ithola inzuzo, nokungaboni okubuthakathaka ayidlali ndima lapha - inyamazane izofuna inyamazana ngosizo lokuhogela nokuthinta. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubuka iCalabari ngesikhathi sokudla - izinhlanzi zifuna ukudla, zinciphisa imibuthano, zize zikhubeke ku-tidbit. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufuna ukudla, kungakhombisa i-wit ethile esheshayo. Ngake ngabona ukuthi i-kalamoaht yami ithatha izinhlayiya zenhlabathi (nginezikhonkwane ezincane) ngizibeka eceleni. Akumbiwa, okusho ukuthi kuyabeka nokubeka eceleni. Ngimangele, ngaqala ukubuka. Ngokushesha, kwavela umhlonyane omkhulu wegazi emgodini owadliwa ngokushesha. Ngikuzwile, ngisebenzisa ungqimba lomhlabathi! Futhi akagcinanga nje ngokuthi uyiphunga, kepha futhi uthole ukuthi angayithola kanjani! Ngokuvamile, isilwane lesi asisijwayelekile nje kuphela, kodwa futhi sithakazelisa kakhulu.

Photo 4 Mouth of Kalamoikhta. Uyisebenzisa ngobuhlakani! Uyakwazi ukubamba, kepha angamba! Yingakho le "nyoka" ye-aquarium iyathakazelisa.

Mhlawumbe ngemuva kokufunda le ndatshana, omunye kini uzonquma ukuthi abe nesimangaliso esinjalo sendalo emanzini akho. Yizame - ngeke uzisole!

USergey Ryazin (Tridognight) 07 2019. Izithombe nevidiyo yombhali.

eqinisweni, izinhlanzi eziningi zasemanzini zihlonishwa kakhulu, okungelula ukuthi uzondle ngokuthi “womile”. Imimese emnyama nama-kalamoahts ayijwayele kalula.

Mhlawumbe, abaningi bethu baphupha - kungaba ebuntwaneni, ebusheni - ukuba nodrako omncane wesandla ekhaya. Abaningi babefuna, kodwa bathola indlela futhi benza iphupho laba ngokoqobo, maye, hhayi bonke. Manje kungenzeka ukuthi uwazi lo mbono kalula nje - kwanele ukuba nesilwane esingajwayelekile, ukuzingela kwenhlekelele, e-aquarium. Umzimba omude, onomusa, oguquguqukayo wesidalwa esiphilayo sefesitini, ogoqayo, ohamba ngezinyawo ngokugudla kwe-zero.

Ukubuka umdanso we-hypnotic wenhlekelele ye-yacht ngemuva kwengilazi ye-aquarium, ungalahlekelwa isikhathi. Nansi inhlanzi enjalo inganekwane, inhlanzi yephupho ... inhlanzi kadrako evuselelwe.

Izici zokuphila emvelweni

Emvelweni, i-kalamoikht Kalabar noma inhlanzi yenyoka ithanda ukuhlala emifuleni namanzi amachibi, yize kwesinye isikhathi ivela nasemizimbeni yamanzi enosawoti ophansi. Kalamoikhty azithandi imisinga eqinile, futhi uhlale emanzini angaxutshani ezindaweni ezinotshani bemvelo basemanzini.

Lezi zidlova zihlukaniswa ngemisebenzi ebumnyameni. Zidla ikakhulu izibungu nezinambuzane, kepha zingadla nesilwane esincane. IKalamoicht ayinamehlo angaboni kahle, ngakho-ke ukusesha ukudla kungenxa yezitho zokuhogela.

Ungagcina ezinye izinhlanzi eziningi ku-aquarium: ama-cichlids, i-botsia Clown (macracantha), i-rhomboid piranha, i-catfish plectostomus, i-guban-maori, inalithi yezinhlanzi, i-labidochromeis ephuzi, i-angelfish, i-red badis (Dario Dario), i-arapaima, inhlanzi ehlinzayo, i-Arovana, i-discus ne-molliesia.

AmaKalamoihts abe
Ukwakheka kohlelo lokuphefumula, amaphaphu abo axhumeke emgodini wesisu. Basiza izinhlanzi ukuba zisinde kwisomiso ezindaweni ezinamanzi imizimba yamanzi ngokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo ovela emoyeni futhi ziqhubekele ezindaweni eziphephile. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sokuphuma ngezikhathi ezithile ukuphefumula ebusweni bamanzi sibenza babe izisulu ezilula zabahlaseli.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Ukugcina i-yacht yenhlekelele uzodinga i-aquarium enobunzima okungenani amalitha ayi-100, okungcono nendawo ephansi engenzeka. Uma uhlela ukugcina iqembu elincane, kungcono ukhethe umthamo wamalitha angama-250 noma ngaphezulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-aquarium ibe nesembozo esiqinile. Inhlanzi enezinyoka inekhono eliyisimanga lokungagxili emanzini, kepha futhi ingene izimbobo ezincane kakhulu.

AmaKalamoihts angagcinwa ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane.

Njengomhlabathi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi noma amatshe amancane ayisiyingi. NgeKalamoikhty kwesinye isikhathi iwela emhlabathini. Kufanele kubhekwe kakhulu enhlanganweni yezindawo zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene. Izinhlanzi ezinyoka ziyisidalwa esinamahloni kakhulu, futhi uma kukhona indawo yokucasha, kuzoba ngcono ngokwengeziwe. Ungasebenzisa i-grottoes ekhethekile, i-driftwood, izakhiwo ezenziwe ngamatshe emvelo, futhi, iziqubu zezitshalo. AmaKalamoihts ahamba kahle nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesitshalo, kepha kungakuhle ukuthi avale izimpande kusukela ekufinyeleleni kwezinhlanzi ezingase zizimbele ngengozi. I-Anubias, i-echinodorus enkulu ne-cryptocorynes kuzoba inketho enhle.

IKalamoikht idinga izindawo zokukhosela ezinhlobonhlobo e-aquarium

Isihlungi samandla afanele kufanele sifakelwe ku-aquarium ukuze kulondolozwe ubumsulwa kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi, kanye nomlawuli wokushisa, ngoba izikejana zenhlekelele ziyizidalwa ezithanda ukushisa. Kodwa i-compressor akuyona into eyisibopho, izinhlanzi ziguqulwe ngokuphelele ukuze ziphefumule hhayi ngama-gill abo kuphela, kepha nangosizo lwe-bladder yokubhukuda eshintshiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma ezinye izinhlanzi zihlala nenhlanzi yenyoka, kungcono ukuthi ukuyifaka. Ukukhanyisa kufanele futhi kungakhanyi, kungafakwa ngosizo lwezitshalo ezintantayo, isibonelo, izibhamu. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukubuka impilo ye-yachino yachts kuma-aquariums afakwe ukukhanya okhethekile ebusuku.

Amapharamitha wamanzi afanele wokuqukethwe yilezi: T = 25-27 ° C, pH = 6.0-8.0, GH = 5-19.

Njalo ngeviki udinga ukubuyisa amanzi ayi-20-30% emanzini asemanzini. Ukunciphisa ukucindezela ezinhlanzini, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa njalo ama-conditioners akhethekile, isibonelo, iTetra AquaSafe. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uqaphele ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa: ama-kalamoahts awabekezeleli i-formalin kanye nodayi abaningi be-organic.

Ukuzalela nokuzalela

Ukuzalwa kabusha kwe-kalamoha kuyinqubo enzima kunalokho. Ukusatshalaliswa kwemvelo kuyivelakancane, inhlanzi eziningi zivela kwelase-Asia, lapho kusetshenziswa imijovo yamahomoni ukuzala. Kodwa-ke, kunikezwe amaqiniso amaningana wokuqhuma ngempumelelo, ngakho-ke sinolwazi oluthile lokuthi ukuzalaniswa kwenzeka kanjani.

I-dimorphism yezocansi enhlanzini yenyoka ayivezwanga. Indlela enembile kunazo zonke yokuthola ubulili ibhekwa njengokubala kwemisebe ye-anal fin: kowesilisa - ku-12-14, kwabesifazane - 9-12. Kodwa-ke, akakunikezi isiqinisekiso se-100%. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma, i-anal fin yeduna nayo iyajuluka futhi ibe lukhuni.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwemvelo kwama-kalamoyhts e-aquarium akuvamile kakhulu

Izithandani ezilungele ukubhukuda ngokubhukuda phakathi kwamathanga aminyene ezitshalo. Owesilisa ushaqeka ngezikhathi ezithile ekhanda lowesifazane. Uma insikazi isilungele ukukhula, ime emathangeni ezitshalo, kuthi owesilisa anciphise umzimba wakhe kuze kube yilapho sekusondele amaphiko awo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ihlosi lowesilisa lenza uhlobo “lwesitsha”, lapho insikazi ibekela amaqanda ambalwa.Yilapho lapho kwenzeka khona umanyolo.

Ngemuva kwalokho, owesilisa usabalalisa amaqanda phakathi kwezimila. Ukuba no-membrane onamathelayo, amaqanda anamathela ngokushesha kwelesi esingaphansi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, umjikelezo uyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho owesimame egwinya yonke i-caviar. Amaqanda ayindilinga, ubukhulu bawo buba cishe ama-2 mm.

Ukufakwa kwamaqanda kuhlala izinsuku ezintathu, kuthi emva kwalokho kuqhume izibungu ezinesigaxa esikhulu se-yolk sak kanye namagemeni angaphandle. Zihlala zinamathele kwi-substrate ngenkathi zondla nge-yolk sac. Izibungu zikhula kancane. Ingxenye eyandisiwe iqala ukukhula ngemuva kwamaviki amabili kuphela isibhengeziwe. Uguquko kokuzondla luqala ngosuku lwe-19. Ngalesi sikhathi, izibungu zinosayizi abacishe babe ngu-1 cm.

Ukuthomba kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka lapho eneminyaka engaba ngu-2-3.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga

Udinga ukwazi ukuthi izilwane zijwayela kakhulu izimo zokuphila zokwenziwa. Ngaphambi kokuthengisa, kufanele kudlule isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa okungenani amasonto amabili.

Imvamisa, abathengisi, ngenxa yokoma inzuzo, bayawunaka lo mbandela bawubeke athengiswe ngokushesha ngemuva kokubanjwa.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga izinhlanzi esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo kufanele athole ukuthi inyoka ihlaliswe yedwa yini ukuthi ukuthenga okumnandi akuholeli ekudumazekeni nasekufeni okusheshayo kwesilwane.

Akufanele uthathe izinhlanzi uma imibala engalingani ibonakala ebusweni bomzimba wayo, kukhona amabala ahlukanayo noma umiyane. Kungenzeka ukuthi, umuntu onjalo uyagula futhi ngeke aphile isikhathi eside e-aquarium.

Izici Zokuguqulwa

Iningi lezinhlanzi ezifanekiselwa ezindaweni zasemanzini ezitolo zezilwane zasekhaya zingokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuthola isakhamuzi sendawo yasemanzini exotic, idinga ukukhishwa kwangaphambili okuthengisiwe (kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube yinyanga eyi-1) ngokuzivumelanisa nokudingiswa. Kepha abathengisi bavame ukuhambisana nalezi zimo, futhi abantu abaningi bafa ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokwethulwa ku-aquarium yasekhaya.

Yingakho ama-aquarists enombono wokuthi ama-kalamoahts athola kabi kakhulu izimpande zasemakhaya zasekhaya. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akunjalo. Inhlanzi enempilo imane ivumelane nezimo ezintsha zokuphila ezindaweni zokuhlobisa zasemanzini, uma ulandela imithetho yokulungiswa kwayo.

Kancane ngokuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani umuntu onempilo. Lapho uthenga le nhlanzi, naka isibalo sayo sesikhumba. Uma kunezindawo ezincane eziqhathanisayo, lapho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi inhlanzi iyagula, ngeke ihlale isikhathi eside.

I-Aquarium yezinhlanzi zenyoka

Inhlanzi yezinyoka isilwane esihlala kwamanye amazwe, okulula kakhulu ukusigcina ethangini lasekhaya. Umnikazi kufanele anikeze isilwane lezi zimo ezikhululekile ezilandelayo:

• i-aquarium enkulu
• inhlabathi efanelekile - kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi esithambile, lapho kulula kakhulu ukuba abantu bakwazi ukuhambisa,
• ukuhlobisa okuphoqelekile kwekhaya - kubalulekile ukuthi kuqukethe izimila eziminyene kanye ne-Driftwood eyakha izindawo ezivikelekile kanye nezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi,
• isivalo - uma ungayivali i-aquarium, ungalindela amahlumela amangalisayo - laba bantu bahlala ngokukhululekile futhi bengacabangi,
• ephakathi nendawo enezinkomba ezilandelayo: i-acidity 6.0-8.0, ubunzima - dH 5-19, izinga lokushisa lisuka ku-22 ° kuya ku-28 ° C,
• uhlelo lokuhlunga luyimfanelo edingekayo yokuhlala kwendlu yezinhlekelele.

Udinga ukuguqula amanzi nge-1/4 masonto onke, kepha ungakwenza ngaphandle kokuthola usizo. Izinhlanzi zezinyoka zinesakhiwo esingajwayelekile sezitho zangaphakathi futhi zinamaphaphu, ngakho-ke, uma kudingeka, abantu ngabanye bayakwazi ukuphefumula umoya wasemkhathini. Ngenxa yaleli khono, bakubekezelela ukwehla kokuxineka komoya kalula. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake inkambiso yokuthi uma izinhlanzi zivimbela ukufinyelela emoyeni, zizominza.

Lezi zakhamizi azinakho ukubukeka okufana nenyoka kuphela, kepha futhi zinemikhuba ethile yalezi zidalwa, ngokwesibonelo, ziyakwazi ukuncipha ngisho nasekuvulekeni okuncane. Ngakho-ke, uma unganikezeli ithangi ngesembozo noma isivimbo esithembekile, akungabazeki ukuthi abantu bazokusakazeka. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukugcwala komoya omusha, izimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane esembozweni kufanele.

Futhi, abanikazi kufanele bacabangele izici ezilandelayo:

• inhlanzi yenyoka ayiyona isifiso, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqala abantu abaningi - ukusuka kwababili kuye kwabayisihlanu,
• kungcono ukwengeza usawoti omncane wolwandle emanzini, ozosithinta kahle isimo sezakhamuzi,
• Kulula ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zizivumelanise nezimo uma zinikezwa ukudla ebumnyameni futhi zibekwe e-aquarium enezimo eziseduze nemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izici zamanzi

Ukushisa kwamanzi akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kwama-degrees angama-24. Kalamoikht Kalabar uzwela izinkomba zamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, izinga le-pH elamukelekayo lisuka ku-6.2 liye ku-7.5, no-GH, ngokulandelana, lisuka ku-2 liye ku-18. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi akukho ukuguquguquka okubukhali kulezi zinkomba.
Ngenkambiso ye-acclimatization, kanye nasezimweni zokushintshwa kwamanzi okuphoqelelwa ngokushesha, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-air conditioners: Biotopol, Acclimol noma Strescoat. AmaKalamoikhty awabekezeleli udayi o-formalin no-organic, kanye noshintsho olunamandla usawoti wamanzi.

UCalabar Kalamoikht uyafa

Ngicela usizo. U-1 kalamoicht ushone ngeviki eledlule, elele ezansi ngabafundi abamhlophe, ephefumula kanzima, KUQALWA UKUQHAFAZA NGAPHAMBI KWE-EMISSION E-AQUARIUM. Eyesibili ngesonto ngemuva kokuphinda iqale phansi, umsila walengiswa, kwaba sengathi kuneqhubu lomoya eduze kwekhanda. ukulimala kwangaphandle akubonakali. abafundi bajwayelekile, bazama ukubhukuda.

- Umthamo we-Aquarium: i-140l - Ubudala bayo: isonto ngemuva kokuqala kabusha ngemuva kokukhipha ukuvuza, isuse i-silicone yakudala nokugcoba i-aquarium entsha. Amalitha angama-50 avela ku-aquarium yakudala, nokunye okusuka kusihlungi (osmosis), izinsuku ezingama-3 ngesihlungi esisebenzayo + ukuqina kwe-seachem 10 ml. - Izinhlobo nokwakheka kwenani labantu: I-3 dempsey eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 5 cm, 1 frontoza 4 cm, 1 som eshintshwayo ngo-8 cm, zonke izinhlanzi ngaphandle kwenhlekelele zidla ngokujwayelekile, azikho izimpawu zokushayeka. - Ukuqina nobude besikhathi sokukhanyisa 1 okumhlophe, isibani esingu-1 esiluhlaza, amahora angu-7 ngosuku. - Izinga Lokushisa 25- 26 C - Ukuba khona kwezihlungi namanye amadivaysi asizayo: I-tetra yangaphandle engu-600 - Imininingwane engemuva: i-quartz emnyama, 1mm - Imvamisa nokubusa kwezinguquko zamanzi: kanye ngesonto amalitha angama-30 - Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa namanye amakhemikhali, kubandakanya nomanyolo we-aquarium : ukuqina kwe-seachem, i-10 ml ekuqaleni-up - Uma ikhona, alukho ulwazi ngamapharamitha we-hydrochemical: Ph - 7.4, ammonium, Nh3, Nh4 + ayitholakalanga. Ngibheke i-Api ngezivivinyo - I-Fish Feeding: ama-bloodworms afriziwe, ayengadli kahle. Kuguqulwe 31.1.13 nguMiwania

Ngabe kufanelekile ukulinda inzalo?

I-Kalamoicht: okuqukethwe akuthinti isifiso sokuzala. Ngeshwa. Ukuze uvuse umsebenzi wokuzala kwengane, imijovo yama-hormone iyadingeka, ukuqaliswa kwayo kudinga ikhono nesipiliyoni. Uma ukuvuswa kuphumelela futhi ukuzala kufanelekile, akekho owesilisa nowesifazane abangabazali abanakekelayo futhi abanakekeli amaqanda, bese kuthi emva kwalokho gazinga. Inqubo yokuzalanisa iyaphela ngokubekwa kwamaqanda nokukhiqizwa kwawo. Kodwa-ke, amacala okuzalela inzalo ezindaweni zasemanzini empeleni awachazwa.

Namuhla ezitolo zezilwane cishe kunenketho ebanzi yezakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi bazonikela nge-kalamoikhta. Okokuqala, ukubukeka okuqondile, kanti okwesibili, izici zokuqukethwe. Kodwa noma ngubani oqonda futhi asazise isimilo nokwakheka komuntu onjalo ngeke kube lula futhi kube mnandi kuye. Futhi okubaluleke, ungadikibali futhi ube nokuhle!

Indawo yokuhlala yeKalamar Kalamoichta itholakala ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi ezifashisayo zamanzi aseNtshonalanga Afrika ukusuka eNigeria kuye eCongo. Inhlanzi inamandla okuphila emizimbeni yamanzi enomoya ophansi kakhulu we-oxygen oncibilikisiwe futhi ihlala ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi esithile, ihamba isikhashana ukusuka emzimbeni owodwa kuya kwesinye ifuna izimo ezingcono, ngoba izitho zayo zokuphefumula, ezisebenza njengamaphaphu, ziyakwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo ovela emkhathini.

Imininingwane eyisisekelo

Izinhlanzi zezinyoka azivamile kakhulu kuma-aquarium angasese. Bambalwa kuphela abathanda ukubandakanyeka ekuzaleni kwabo. Kodwa-ke, abantu ngabanye bavame ukutholakala ezitolo zezilwane. Uma ufuna ukuthenga isilwane esinjalo noma isihlobo saso esiseduze - isibalo seNayile, ngeke kube nazinkinga.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukujula kolwazi lwe-aquarium enthusiast in zoology, kuphakamisa intshisekelo yakhe kuma-kalamoahts. Izinhlanzi zezinyoka zingezesigaba senhlanzi enamakha-ray, okuyingqayizivele yezinhlanzi ezi-cartilaginous ezivela emndenini wezimpaphe eziningi.

Izinhlanzi zenyoka zihambisana nobani

Ukukhetha inkampani yezilwane ezifuywayo zakuqala, kufanele ukhiphe ngokushesha abakhileyo besayizi abancane - abantu abazingene emlonyeni wezinhlanzi zenyoka, bazobheka njengokudla kuphela. Hlela izinyoka kungaba:

Kepha ungazihlanganisa nezakhamizi zezinhlobo eyodwa kuphela, ama-kalamoahts awanalo ulaka futhi awasiwona umhlaba, ahlala kahle nabafowabo.

Ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile

Lapho idliwe, inhlanzi iKalamoicht ingaziphatha ngendlela engajwayelekile. Kukhona zonke izizathu zokucatshangwa okungeyona ejwayelekile: laba bantu abahlala e-aquarium ngemuva kwesidlo sakusihlwa esigcwele bangadlala, hhayi nje kuphela phakathi kwabo, kodwa futhi nenkosi yabo.

Kukholakala ukuthi inhlanzi echaziwe iyimpumputhe. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Kumane nje ukuthi bajwayela ngokushesha indawo entsha yokuhlala phakathi kweqembu elinomakhelwane abasebenzayo nabashukumisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanzi isebenzisa umqondo wayo wokuthinta, ukuhogela nokubona. Ngendlela, baphinde babone abantu egumbini, ngakho kusihlwa ama-kalamoahts angalinda abanini odongeni lwe-aquarium.

Indawo yokuhlala yeKalamar Kalamoichta itholakala ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi ezifashisayo zamanzi aseNtshonalanga Afrika ukusuka eNigeria kuye eCongo. Inhlanzi inamandla okuphila emizimbeni yamanzi enomoya ophansi kakhulu we-oxygen oncibilikisiwe futhi ihlala ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi esithile, ihamba isikhashana ukusuka emzimbeni owodwa wamanzi iye kwelinye ifuna izimo ezingcono, ngoba izitho zayo zokuphefumula, ezisebenza njengamaphaphu, ziyakwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo ovela emkhathini.

Ukukhishwa Kalamar

Ukuzalela ekudingisweni cishe akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokukhuthaza okukhethekile kwe-hormonal. AmaKalamoikh atshalwa emapulazini akhethekile noma abanjwa endaweni yawo yemvelo.

IKalamoikht Kalabar iyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi akunzima ukuyigcina inhlanzi, yize ibhekwa njengexakile. Inengqondo enhle, futhi ikwazi ngisho nokuqamba okuthile. Ngokulungiswa isikhathi eside, kuqala ukubona umnikazi lapho esondela e-aquarium. Kukhona nama-video ku-Intanethi lapho izinhlanzi zenyoka zijabule khona ukuthi zidle ukudla ngqo zivela esandleni se-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyajabulisa njalo ukubona ukuthi, ngamehlo ayo ampofu, i-kalamoeht ingahlala isikhathi eside odongeni olungaphambili lwe-aquarium, ibuka umhlaba ozungezile.

Iziphi izimo zokuphila azithandayo?

Isizukulwane sezidalwa zaseNtshonalanga Afrika, iCalabar calamoicht idinga ukunaka okuqukethwe yiku-aquarium. Amanzi kufanele angathathi hlangothi noma abe acidic kancane. I-pH ephakathi nendawo ingaphakathi kuka-7.0. Izinga lokushisa laso lalingaphansi kune-24o. Ukushisa amabanga amabili kuya kwamathathu akunandaba.

Emvelweni, indawo okuhlala kuyo izidumbu zamanzi amile ngamanzi angaboli kuvame ukuqashelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukugxila kukasawoti akufanele kudlule ku-1.005, ngaphandle kwalokho indlela izinhlanzi ezishintsha ngayo iba yimbi kakhulu: inovalo, ishintsha umbala, ifihla ezinqwabweni zamatshe. Ukuba khona kwezinqaba zamathambo nokwenziwa ku-aquarium kuyakhuthaza. Indawo yakhe ayithandayo yokuhlala ayizindawo ezivulekile zamanzi, kodwa ama-labyrinths angaqondakali. Intshisekelo yalokho okwenzekayo ezungeze i-aquarium ayikhishwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amehlo amabili aqaqekile abukele e-aquarium okwenzeka egumbini.

Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi - ukuhlaliswa komakhelwane. Kanye ne-erpetoichthys calabaricus, izinhlanzi ezincane ezithanda ukuthula zingaxazululeka. Zigijimisa ubungozi bokudliwa ngobusuku bokuqala. Ama-guppies, ama-barbs, i-fry yezinkemba nezinduna, izinhlobo ezincane ze-catfish nabanye ngeke zisebenze. Omakhelwane abafanele bazoba ama-cichlid (kude nezinketho ezincane), ama-gourami amakhulu, imisila yeveli enhle.

Inhlanzi enje engajwayelekile idinga amanzi amaningi - okungenani amalitha angama-200 umuntu ngamunye. Kodwa noma ngabe kunezimo ezinjalo, ngeke zikhule zibe ngosayizi wazo wemvelo: izinketho ze-aquarium ngokuvamile azidluli ku-60 cm.

Ungahlukanisa kanjani owesilisa nowesifazane

I-dimorphism yezocansi ibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi inhlanzi yakho ngaphandle kokwenza omunye umuntu wobulili obuhlukile. Kwowesifazane, isisu esiyindilinga ngokwengeziwe nomthunzi olula we-anal fin. Owesilisa unamaphiko angaphezulu kwe-dorsal.

Sawubona, bangani. I-Akantophthalmus yinhlanzi enhle emthende enhle, ekhetha ukukhonjiswa kumuntu wasemanzini kusihlwa kusihlwa. Le nhlanzi ibanzi kakhulu ekusakazeni okuhamba kancane kweNdiya naseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, izinhlanzi zikhangwa izigaba ezinomthunzi wethangi, ezinikezwa ngamanani amakhulu amaqabunga awile, ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka kanye nesixha sezingodo. Ensimini yeSoviet Union, izinhlanzi zavela okokuqala ngeminyaka engama-70s, futhi kusukela ngonyaka wama-73 ziye zavinjwa ngempumelelo abasemanzini.

Umzimba we-acanthophthalmus ufinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-12 futhi uthambile ezinhlangothini. Ngokwezinga elithile, ukwakheka komzimba kufana nenyoka, njengenhlekelele yeCalabar. Umbala ungumbala wewolintshi okhanyayo, kanti umzimba umbozwe ngemivimbo egqamile emnyama emibili. Njengoba le nhlanzi ihlala ungqimba lwamanzi oluseduze, emakhoneni omlomo wayo kunezimbambo ezintathu zezikhuhla ezisiza inhlanzi ukuthi ibambe odakeni, ibheke ukudla. I-acantophthalmus yesilisa incane kakhulu kunensikazi, engabonakala esiswini esishubile samuva. Ngalesi esiswini se-puffy, i-caviar eluhlaza ibonakala.

I-Akantophthalmus ithanda amachibi okufakelwa anendawo enhle esezingeni eliphansi, ifakwe ukukhanya okuthambile kanye nesixha sezindawo zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene ezivela ezitshalweni ezinamatshe amancane (iJavanese moss ilungile). Ukuhamba kwezinhlanzi kuyinto encane, futhi umbala ogqamile uzoba umhlobiso ongabaluleki wanoma iyiphi i-aquarium. I-hydrobiont ithanda ukuhlala eduze kwaphansi, futhi akuvamile ukukhuphukela phezulu ebusweni bese kuthi kusihlwa.

Amanzi we-Aquarium kufanele abe namandla aphakathi nendawo futhi abe ne-acid kancane, futhi izinga lokushisa lingama-25 degrees. I-aquarium substrate mhlawumbe incane futhi imnyama. Usayizi wengxenyana yenhlabathi akufanele ube ngaphezu kwamamilimitha amathathu, ngoba izinhlanzi ngeke zikwazi ukushibilika kuwo futhi zibheke izibungu ezincane ezithandekayo zasemini. Kaningi, inhlanzi imemba nje ingene emhlabathini uma isaba.

Yize i-acanthophthalmus ingummeleli ophansi wezinhlanzi futhi ikakhulu ikhahlela kuzungeze isilika, i-aquarium kufanele ihlanzeke futhi inakekelwe kahle, futhi amanzi kufanele agxishwe kahle. Ukuphela kwento okungafanele uhambe nayo kakhulu yisihlungi esinamandla, ngoba kudala ukugeleza okubonakalayo, lapho izinhlanzi ezozama ukucasha kwenye indawo. Futhi qaphela ukuthi uma i-grille eyanele yokuhlunga kwakho inkulu, khona-ke i-acanthophthalmus ingahle ingene kalula kukho kusihlungi.

I-Akantophthalmus iyinhlanzi yakusihlwa nenamahloni, okuthi ngosuku lokuqala lokuthengwa kufihlwe emathangeni ezitshalo noma okokuhlobisa. Kepha uma ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo ngesikhathi sasemini, izinhlanzi zisheshe zijwayele lo mbuso bese ziphuma ziyodla nabo bonke abanye omakhelwane. Zondla ngaso sonke isikhathi eduze nezansi, ngakho-ke zinikeza ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ukuze okuthile kube phakathi kwezakhamizi ezingezansi noma ukuphonsa okuphakelayo okukhethekile, ngokuqinisekile kuzofinyelela ezansi. Njengokudla, umhlonyane wegazi omncane noma ishubhu kufanelekile. Kepha lokhu akuvimbeli inhlanzi ekudleni okuomile. Njengomakhelwane, amaqhawe anamuhla kungcono ukukhetha i-catfish encane, ama-apistils, i-parsing, ama-barbs angenabo udlame nama-harazinok (ama-neons abomvu, izingane ezincane, ameva, ama-ornatuse). Bajwayela ukuya ocansini beneminyaka engu-8-12 izinyanga futhi baphila iminyaka emi-5.

Habitat

Lezi zidalwa ezingajwayelekile zitholakala emizimbeni yamanzi aseNigeria naseCongo; zihlala imifula enenqubo ehamba kancane, amachibi namachibi anamanzi amasha noma akhiwe ngamabhuleki. Kaningi i-biotope yezinhlanzi zenyoka igcwala ngomhlanga.Baqala ngokuhamba ngaphansi kwephansi - inyoka noma eceleni kwendlela.

AmaKalamoihts ayizidlamlilo ezihola indlela yokuphila emnyama. Emvelweni, zidla izibungu, izinambuzane, kanye nezilwane ezincane nazo zingangena ekudleni kwazo. Kumuntu ngamunye walezi zinhlobo, umbono wabo awumuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke bafuna izisulu besebenzisa umuzwa wokuhogela.

Inyoka - izinhlanzi zinelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi nokuthula. Naphezu kobude bomzimba wabo, bangathuthumela izakhamizi ezincane ze-aquarium, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokudla. Lezi zinhlanzi zihola indlela yokuphila ebusuku, kodwa ukuze zisebenze phakathi nosuku, sekwanele ukuzondla. Ngeke ayenqabe indawo yokuhlala ezitsheni.

Omakhelwane abahle ngezinhlanzi zenyoka izinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo. IKalamoikht Kalabar ayihambelani nama-guppies, ama-neon kanye nezinye izinhlanzi ezi-frisky ezingabhubhisa ukudla endabeni yemizuzwana. Futhi zingaba inyoka yenyoka.

E-aquarium, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa izitshalo ezitshaliwe, ngoba inhlanzi yenyoka ihlala phansi futhi ikhuthele emhlabathini ngenkuthalo, okuholela kumonakalo ohlelweni lwezimpande. Njengomhlabathi, isihlabathi noma amatshe agcotshwe abushelelezi angathululelwa.

• I-Aquarium ngaphezulu kwamalitha ayi-100 ngesivimbo esiqinile,
• Ubuningi bezindawo zokukhosela, amatshe nama-grottoes,
• Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lingama-25 degrees,
• Ubunzima kusuka 2 kuya ku-17,
• Ukuqina kusuka ku-6.1 kuye ku-7.6.

Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkomba ze-hydrochemical of aqua azinakho ukuguquguquka okubukhali. Uma udinga ushintsho oluphuthumayo lwamanzi, sebenzisa okokufaka umoya okhethekile ukusiza ukufeza ukusebenza okudingakalayo. Edume kakhulu:

Amadayi e-organic noma i-formalin asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlanzi. Banqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuphatha izinhlanzi ngenyoka.

Uma inhlanzi inomkhuba wokweqa e-aquarium - faka isivalo esiqinile kuyo. Njengomphumela walokhu, ukuze kuvikelwe ukubulawa yindlala komoya-mpilo, uhlelo olusha lwe-aeration kanye noshintsho lwamanzi ayi-1/5 ngesonto luyadingeka. Uma kuphela uKalamoikht Kalabar ehlala e-aquarium, khona-ke awukwazi ukufaka uhlelo lwe-aeration.

Ekudleni, inhlanzi yenyoka ayikhethiwe, idla ngentokozo:

• Ama-Crustaceans
• Izinambuzane
• Igazi,
• Izinhlanzi zolwandle ezifakwe iqhwa.

Nakisisa ukuthi uyakuthola ukudla. Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu, uvame ukungagxili lapho ehamba nomakhelwane abangaboni. Uma ngabe i-kalamoikhta ilahlekelwa ngempela, yiya kucebo elilandelayo. Shiya ukudla kushubhu ekhethekile cishe amasentimitha amathathu bese ukwehlisa kuya ezansi. Ngakho-ke, izingcezu zokudla ngeke zifinyeleleke kwezinhlanzi, kepha zibanjwa kalula izinyoka.

Isifo

Ngokuvamile, ukungavikeleki kwezinhlanzi zamadrako kuyaphikelela. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe abantu abasanda kuthengwa: ukuze uvikele, kungcono ukubeka yedwa kubantu: amasonto angama-1-2 agcwele izinhlanzi ethangini elikhethekile futhi aqaphe isikhumba sabo nokuziphatha.

AmaKalamoichytes cishe awangenwa izifo zokukhunta nezikhunta. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile azilungile: lezi zinhlanzi azikwazi ukubekezelela ukwenziwa kwe-salinization, i-formalin, noma udayi wemvelo.

Izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo zenzeka emanzini angcolile. Ukweqisa izinga lama-nitrate nama-nitrites kuthinta ngokushesha impilo yama-kalamoahts: aqala ukukhathazeka futhi abhukude kaningi aze afike phezulu emoyeni ngokuphefumula komoya omusha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhipha amanzi njalo futhi uhlanze inhlabathi.

Ukuziphatha kanye nokuvumelana

UCalabar Kalamoikht uthathwa njengenye yezinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile, hhayi zangaphandle kuphela, kodwa futhi nangokwemikhuba.

• Lesi isidalwa esinokuthula esingenalo ulaka esingasondelana kalula nomakhelwane abanokuthula okufanayo. Isimo kuphela: inhlanzi akufanele ibe yincane kakhulu. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, iKalamoicht ayilahlekanga isifiso sayo sokuzingela futhi ingadla izinhlanzi ezincane okungenani ngaphandle kwenzalo yezemidlalo.
• Amandla okugibela kunoma yiliphi, ngisho negebe elincane kunazo zonke, ama-kalamoahts asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo. Akuvamile ukuba babambeke lapho, kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhlanzwa komhlaba wamanzi ngomhlaba kabusha, kungcono kuqala ukubheka ukuthi izinhlanzi zizizwa kanjani ekwakhiweni okusha. Yebo, isembozo esiqinile siyisidingo sokuqala!
• I-Kalamoikhty ithanda ukuqamba amanga ku-aquarium yesikhafu. Uma izinhlanzi zenyoka zingabonakali engilazini yangaphambili, lapho ichitha khona isikhathi esiningi, bheka ngaphansi kwesivalo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ulele lapho. Noma emthunzini wezitshalo ze-aquarium, uphumula kusuka kuningi lokukhanya.
• Udrako wezinhlanzi wase-Aquarium usejwayela umnikazi, futhi injabulo lapho uyibona ibonisa ukunyakaza okusebenzayo ngasolwandle lwe-aquarium.
• Umsebenzi ophakeme kakhulu we-kalamoyhts wenzeka ebusuku. Kepha ntambama nabo bayasebenza impela, baphumule isikhashana emthunzini oseduze kwezansi.

Impumelelo, ama-kalamoahs ahlangana nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinokuthula: ameva, amasaka, ama-cyprinid amakhulu nezinye izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obufanayo. Izimbangi zizophinda zifaneleke njengomakhelwane: amapharishi, ama-severum, ama-tapiapias, ama-astronotuse, uma engazingeli izinhlekelele.

Ngokuqondene nomakhelwane be-intraspecific, amadragons akuzona izinhlanzi ezungeza izwe, ngakho-ke abantu abaningana bangathola kalula i-aquarium eyodwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukugcina i-kalamoicht ngaphandle kwezihlobo.

Iziphi izici okufanele ziphawulwe?

1. IKalamoicht inombono ophansi. Akudingekile ukubala kuye inhlanzi. Kepha imvelo yamvuza ngomqondo owakhiwe kahle wephunga. Ubuye aqaphele ukudla ngephunga, okuholela ekubeni afike sekwedlule isikhathi sokudla. Kuhle lapho izinhlanzi zihlala e-aquarium, zikhetha ukudla kakhulu ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi. Lapho-ke izinhlayiya ezingene ezansi zizotholakala zidliwe nguye. A plus umsebenzi athuthukisiwe wethoni. Ngokubulawa kwabo kukhona amadevu akhethekile amafushane kodwa abucayi.
2. Njengenyoka, inyamazane ikhetha ukudla okuphilayo. Ngobumnandi uzodla inyama eyosiwe noma inhlanzi, i-shrimp noma i-squid oqoshiwe. Ungondla izikelemu noma iminyundu yegazi. Ungaphuthelwa ithuba elincane kakhulu lokugwinya inhlanzi encane noma ukuthosa. Musa ukwenqaba ukudla okomile okhethekile, ikakhulukazi lokho okuhloselwe izimpaphe eziningi, okukufanele kube ngezigaba. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umlomo wakhe omkhulu unamazinyo, ngakho-ke akufanele uthathe umuntu ezandleni zakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba unemisipha engu-8 kuye kwengu-15 etholakala eduze nomsila engxenyeni yendawo eyisisekelo. Lezi yizitho zokuzivikela futhi kufanele uziqaphele.
3. Ungakhathazeki uma isilwane sikhwela siphume sikhanyise kukhanye futhi sihlale ngaphansi kwesibani sikagesi esikhanyayo. Uthanda ukugcwala emisebeni efudumele, ngisho nezinto zikagesi.

Inhlanzi yenyoka izalela kanjani

Ukubala owesilisa, okulungele ukukhula, kulula - ukuhlaziya kwakhe ukuhlamba kuqala ukuvuvukala nokuqina. Futhi uma umbhangqwana ubhukuda ngokufanayo, khona-ke inzalo kungekudala ilindelwe. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda kowesilisa endodeni, bese naye ebopha umanyolo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amaqanda ahlala emhlabathini futhi anamathele ngokuqinile kuwo. Le nqubo iqukethe izigaba eziningana futhi ihlala kuze kube yilapho yonke inzalo esizayo isezansi.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3, kuvela izibungu, futhi kungakapheli amasonto ama-3 avele avela kulolu hlaka olungaphansi. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, isitho segciwane siguqulwe ngokuphelele, futhi izingane ezikwazi ukubhukuda futhi zidle ukudla ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle ukuphuma.

Izinhlanzi ezinyoka ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezingejwayelekile ezivusa isasasa ekubukekeni kwazo okungajwayelekile, imikhuba nokuziphatha kwazo. Bangumhlobiso wanoma yikuphi ukuqoqwa - okufunwayo, okwangempela, koqobo.