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Isilwane sasekhaya esande kakhulu futhi esithandwa kakhulu igolide. Amapula amahle nokuhlabelela okumnandi izinyoni ayikwazi ukushiya noma ngubani engenandaba.

Uma ubanakekela kahle ukucula kwezinyoni Ungalalela unyaka wonke. Isikhathi kuphela - isikhathi sokuncibilikisa igolide imikhondo ihamba, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. I-trill enezwi ayizange idlulele okubi kakhulu kune-canary ethandekayo yawo wonke umuntu. Uhlabelela kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi sendiza yezimemo, uzama ukudonsela ukunakekela kwakhe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Lalela izwi le-carduelis

Ukuhamba kwale nyoni kungaba nomona. I-Carduelis ehleli phansi emhlabeni ayibonakali kangako, bakhetha ukuhlala njalo besemoyeni, endizeni. Ngenxa yeplamu yayo ebomvu-emnyama-ephuzi emnyama, akunakwenzeka ukuyidida nanoma ngubani omunye umuntu.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala

Le nyoni ethokozisayo ingeyokuqothula komndeni. Tiny igolide lengoma ngisho nondlunkulu abalubambi ngosayizi, futhi lungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-12 ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni.

Futhi isisindo sayo asikho ngaphezu kwama-20 amagremu. Amachwane amadala ahlukile kuzo zonke ezinye izinyoni emapulini alo aqhakazile. Endaweni yekhanda kuphela, amaphiko nomsila lapho kukhanya khona umbala okhanyayo, okunikeza ngempela intokozo inyoni futhi kufaka ukubukeka okuhle.

Ibunzi lakhe, izihlathi, nesisu zimhlophe qhwa. I-Carduelis beak izungezwe yindandatho yombala obomvu. Izimpiko zimbozwe ngotshani obunamandla ophuzi. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amachwane amancane awanayo umbuthano obomvu azungeze imilomo yawo. Zingahlukaniswa nge-longitudinal tasgation esifundeni sangemuva nesifuba.

Owesifazane Carduelis cishe akukho okuhlukile kowesilisa. Ngaphandle kokuthi inqwaba yakhe inciphile kancane. Uma ubheka i-carduelis, uyazibuza ukuthi imvelo enhle ingakhiqiza kanjani ubuciko. Kepha ngaphandle kobuhle kunethalente langempela futhi elingenakuqhathaniswa. Ukucula kwenyoni yeGolidefinch kuzwakala kuthakazelisa. Ukuphindwaphindwa kwalesi siculo kunezingoma ezingafani nezingama-20.

Umsindo wokuthi ngasikhathi sinye ungezwa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Ezinye zimnandi, zi-melodic, ziyajabulisa endlebeni. Abanye, kunalokho, abukhali, aqinile futhi asika izindlebe. Kwaphawuleka ukuthi kwabesifazane, ukucula kunamaculo amaningi kunaku Abesilisa bakwaCarduelis, ngakho-ke, yibo abalulekwe ukuba bafise ekhaya. I-Europe, i-Western Siberia, i-Asia Minor ne-Asia Ephakathi, eNyakatho Afrika yizindawo ezithandwayo zeCarduelis.

Lezi zinyoni zithanda ukundiza zizungeze izindawo ezisenyakatho yeYurophu. Uhlobo ngalunye lunendawo yalo yokuhlala. Kepha bonke bahlanganiswe uthando ngezinkuni ezivulekile, izingadi kanye nemifino ethambile. Entwasahlobo, uCarduelis ubhukuda bese ehola indlela yokuphila yokuphila eyisimanga, lapho efuna indawo efanelekile yokwakha izidleke.

Eduzane nokuwa, bakha imihlambi. Ingxenye enkulu yalezi zinyoni isala kuze kube sebusika, okumbalwa kubhekise eningizimu. Ngakho-ke, phendula umbuzo ngokungenanjongo birdfinch bird efudukayo noma cha akunakwenzeka. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-Carduelis azesabi isimo sezulu esibandayo.

Phezu kokuthi le nyoni enhle ngobuhlakani ingacula kamnandi, isalusizo kakhulu kubantu ngoba ibhubhisa kalula inani elikhulu lezinambuzane ezilimaza umnotho wezwe.

Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila yenyoni

Imikhuba yalezi zinyoni icishe ifane. Ungabahlukanisa ngemininingwane ethile yangaphandle nekhwalithi yokucula. Ezidlekeni, zikhetha izindawo eziphakeme kakhulu.

Imibhangqwana isidleke ibanga elanele ukusuka komunye nomunye. Abesilisa baziphatha ngendlela eyinqayizivele eduzane nezidleke. Zihlala zihlala esihlahleni somuthi, zihlale zingadideki, zizungeze kuzo zonke izinkomba futhi zihlabelele. Lapho nje owesimame ayithandayo eshiya isidleke sakhe, owesilisa ngokushesha uphakama kuye futhi aqale ukuxoxisana okufanele baqondwe yibo bobabili.

Ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo, inkhulumomphendvulwano enjalo ivame ukuphela ngomkhawulo. Izidleke zeCarduelis zakhiwe ngobuchwepheshe, ezinengxenye yemigodi yama-moss ne-lichen Tree bark. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-carduelis zinokuziphatha okuhlukile nokulingiswa. Ngakho-ke, ku-hemp, abesilisa bacula kuphela ezimweni lapho kuqoqwa inani elithile.

Baqala iculo eliyinkimbinkimbi nelithi melodic. Ama-greenbacks ngokuhlabelela kwawo ama-wasps akhumbuza kakhulu, ngakho-ke ayathulisa ngokudibeneyo. Futhi bayandiza ukuze badideke amalulwane. Ama-Goldfinches anesici esikhethekile esihle - asheshe ajwayele umuntu, ezimweni zasekhaya. Zingaba lula ukuthamba kunezinye izinyoni, zifundise, futhi zifundise namanye amaqhinga alula.

Leli khwalithi elimnandi, ubuhle nekhono lokucula kahle kwenza le nyoni ibe yintandokazi yabantu abaningi, ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukukhetha phakathi izinyoni canaries futhi i-carduelis, ke kaningi kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, iningi likhethe okulandelayo.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

I-Goldfinch - uhlobo lwezinyoni eziyingxenye yohlobo olukhulu lwe-carduelis oluvela ku-Finch yomndeni. Ama-Goldfinches eza ngezindlela eziningi. Bahluka phakathi kwabo ngendawo yokuhlala, imikhuba ethile kanye nezici ezithile zangaphandle. Kodwa-ke, banezinto eziningi ezifanayo. Isibonelo, zonke izinhlobo ze-carduelis zithanda ukuhlala emaphethelweni amahlathi nasezindaweni ezivulekile.

Ividiyo: IGoldfinch

Igama elithi "Goldfinch" lavelaphi? Kunezinguqulo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Uhlobo lokuqala luthi isilwane saqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa yokuthi "ngubo" yaso emnyama. Amapayipi akhanyayo, angajwayelekile ahlukanisa kakhulu lezi zinyoni kwabanye. Uhlobo lwesibili - igama elithi "Goldfinch" livela kwisiLatini "Carduus". Leli gama lisho ikhakhasi. Lesi sitshalo, noma imbewu yaso, yilokho okumnandi kakhulu kwe-carduelis.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Inani elikhulu lamafolda egolide aligcini ngokubukeka kwabo okuhle, ukucula okumnandi. Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi lezi zinyoni zingabasizi abahle kakhulu kubalimi, abantu bendawo. Ngosuku oluthile babulala inani elikhulu lezinambuzane eziyingozi ezilimaza isivuno.

Uhlobo lwe-carduelis luhlanganisa izinyoni eziningi ezahlukene: i-greenfinch, i-siskin, i-carduelis, umdanso wokushaya. Uyini umehluko phakathi kweCarduelis? Ukubukeka kwabo kunesimo esihle impela: ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayishumi nambili, isisindo - amagremu angamashumi amabili. Ama-Carduelis anomzimba omnyama, ikhanda eliyindilinga, uqhwaku oluncane kodwa olubukhali. Umehluko omkhulu ovela kwezinye izihlobo iplamu. Emibala yezinyoni kukhona imibala emnyama, emhlophe, ephuzi, ebomvu.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Goldfinch bird

Echaza okwenziwe ngegolide, umuntu akakwazi ukusebenzisa iziqephu eziningi ezikhanyayo. Ukubonakala kwesilwane kugadla ngempela ngenkani yemibala, ukuvumelana. Ubukhulu bomzimba wesilwane bancane. Ama-Carduelis makhulu kuphela kunondlunkulu abajwayelekile. Ubude bomzimba wabo kuyaqabukela budlula amasentimitha ayishumi nambili. Ngokungafani nondlunkulu abafanayo, i-carduelis inomzimba omnyama. Zinemisipha yemisipha ekhuliswe kahle, imilenze inesandla, izindwani ezibukhali kanye noqhwaku oluncane olunesiphetho esikhanyayo.

Umbala wesilwane uhlukile, kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane. Emvelweni kukhona ama-Yemeni, amade-akhokhisiwe, anamakhanda amnyama, anamakhanda ansundu. Kukhona futhi okuningana kwabo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezimbili zokugcina: zinamakhanda amnyama nezinwele ezingwevu.

Kunokwehluka okuthile kwiziqu zazo, umbala wazo:

IGoldfinch carduelis ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ijwayelekile. Le yizinhlobo eziningi ze-carduelis, ezisatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Ikhanda lenyoni limnyama, izimpaphe ezimhlophe zikhona esihlathini, kanti amaphiko amnyama futhi aphuzi. Izinyoni ezinamakhanda amnyama zibonakaliswa umngcele obomvu wogodo,
izinzipho zegolide ezingwevu zihlukile ngombala okhanyayo ongaphansi, inani eliphansi. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ikakhulukazi e-Asia, eSiberia. I-plumage ye-carduelis enamakhanda amnyama ibonakala ngokuba khona kwethunzi ezimbili eziphambili: nsundu no grey. Kodwa-ke, i-bezel yezimpaphe ezibomvu nayo ikhona lapho uqhwaku.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-Carduelis yowesifazane kowesilisa ngezibonakaliso zangaphandle. Usosayensi onolwazi kuphela okwazi ukubona umehluko wobulili. Izinsikazi zalezi zilwane zinamabala akhanyayo afanayo. Imicu ebomvu emincane kuphela etholakala ngaphansi komlomo ingabakhipha.

Ihlala kuphi i-goldenfinch?

Photo: Goldfinch ngendiza

Zonke izinhlobo ze-carduelis zinento eyodwa zifana ngayo - izinyoni zithanda inkululeko, ngoba impilo zikhetha izindawo ezivulekile. Kungaba ingadi engavamile, umngcele wehlathi, igatsha elihlwabusayo. Isimo sezulu salezi zilwane asidlali indima ekhethekile. Bazivumelanisa kalula nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene. Ukuphela kokuphela okuphansi kakhulu noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Isici esinqumayo lapho ukhetha indawo yokuhlala yezilwane ezinjalo ukutholakala kokudla okufanele, amanzi aseduze.

Ama-Goldfinches angabizwa ngokuthi izinyoni ezixazululwe ngokuphepha. Inani elincane lalezi zilwane lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo sishiya izidleke zazo futhi ziye lapho kufudumele khona. Abanye bonke bahlala ubusika emakhaya abo. Lezi zilwane ziningi impela futhi zibanzi. Indawo yokuhlala yabo yemvelo ifaka phakathi: iRussia, iCaucasus, i-Afrika, i-Asia, intshonalanga yeYurophu.

Izinyoni zisatshalaliswa ngokungalingani. Ngakho-ke, isibalo sabo esikhulu kunazo zonke sihlala eYurophu, okumbalwa kakhulu okwenziwe ngegolide e-Afrika. Futhi, ukubonakala kwe-carduelis kuthinta indawo yokuhlala. AmaBlackheads athande ukuhlala nezidleke ikakhulukazi eYurophu. E-Afrika nase-Asia, bakhona emiphakathini emincane. Ama-Carduelis aphethwe ikhanda ahlala e-Asia, eSiberia naseKazakhstan. EYurophu, akuvamile.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi i-goldfinch. Ake sibheke ukuthi udlani.

Incazelo Nezici

Igama ngokwalo likhuluma ngobuhle balezi zinyoni, ngoba ukwahlulela ngokubukeka kwazo, amachilo egolide uqobo ayizintekenteke, izidalwa ezincane, ezithandekayo, kanye nokwehlukahluka kwamapulangwe abo kungaqhathaniswa ne-gamut yemibala yemibala yeparadesi.

Futhi lapha umuntu akavumanga kodwa ukumangalisa imvelo yemvelo, ekwazi ukudala ukuphelela okunjalo. IGoldfinch - Ukuhlabelela inyoniehlobene kakhulu nama-Finches. Futhi bobabili laba bameleli bombuso onamakhanda bangabomndeni owodwa omuhle.

Ngosayizi, imvuthuluka ye-carduelis ifaniswa nodlange. Eqinisweni, izinhlobo eziningi zincane kakhulu, zinobude bomzimba obubalelwa ku-12 cm (uma ungacabangi ngosayizi womsila) kanye nesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-20 g.

Imihlobiso ekhethekile yezinyoni ezinjalo (lokhu kungabonakala ngokunaka ukuthi ibukeka kahle kangakanani IGoldfinch esithombeni) yilezi: izimpaphe zemibala ekhanda, zibomvu ngaphambili ngomucu omnyama emuva nemithende emibili emhlophe ezinhlangothini, ziphuzi ngokugqamile ngamaphiko amnyama, umsila omnyama ophethini elimhlophe.

I-Carduelis inepumula ekhanyayo ekhanyayo kakhulu

Esihlathini nasiswini, amapulangwe abo amhlophe qwa. I-pink and white trim beak oxantathu besimo, bumpunga ekugcineni. Isizinda esikhulu sangemuva nesifuba sinsundu. Imilenze i-brownish pink.

Lezi yizimpawu zangaphandle zenyoni yezinhlobo ezibizwa ngegama: igolidefinch ejwayelekile, noma enye ebizwa ngenye indlela - enekhanda elimnyama, ngenxa yokugoqa kombala okhonjisiwe ngemuva kwekhanda.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abamele bobulili obuhlukile balezi zinyoni cishe akunakwenzeka ukwahlukanisa ngombala wethani, okuyi-rarity ngisho nesici esiyingqayizivele phakathi kwezintombi zezingoma. Nini amaphuphu e-carduelis ziqala ukukhula, izimpaphe zazo zivele zikhanye ngokuguga.

Kepha isici esijabulisayo kunazo zonke salezi zinyoni ngamakhono abo okhuluma. Ikhono lezinyoni ezinjalo ekuhlabeleleni okungenakulunga ligcwalisa ubuhle obuhlaba umxhwele bangaphandle balezi zinyoni ezinhle.

Bayakwazi ukuzala, ngokusho kokuqagela okunzima, cishe kwezimbhangqwana ezimbalwa zezinto ezihluke kakhulu, ezingafani nenye, tunes.

Ukuculwa kukaCarduelis ebukekayo futhi enamabala amaningi, okwazi ukudlulisa uhla olunhlobonhlobo nemibala ehehayo. Kwezinye izimo, amazwi ezinyoni amnandi ngokumangazayo. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi kuzwakale, kungabi mnandi, kushaye izindlebe ngesiswebhu nange-tapp yakudala.

Lalela izwi le-Carduelis ejwayelekile

Lapho kuhlala khona igolidefinch? Ibanga lezidalwa ezinamaphiko libaluleke kakhulu, yize inyakatho yeYurophu ingafakwanga kuyo. Le nto isesimweni sezulu esingathandeki kwezidalwa ezishisayo. Kodwa izinyoni ezinjalo zingatholakala ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeFinland neScandinavia.

Ziqala kahle izimpande futhi zizwakala ezindaweni ezisuka e-Ireland ziye emazweni asePortugal, ezindaweni ezivulekile zaseRussia - eNtshonalanga Siberia, futhi zihlala ezifundeni ezifudumele zaseCentral nase-Asia Minor, e-Afghanistan, ePakistan naseningizimu ezindaweni eziseNyakatho Afrika.

Ngaphezu kwamakhakhasi amnyama angenamakhanda asanda kuchazwa, kunezinye izinhlobo zemvelo. Ngayinye yazo, ngokubakhona kwezici ezithile, indlela yokuziphatha nohlobo lomlingiswa, ivelele kwezinye, ihluke ngosayizi, umbala weplamu nendawo yokuhlala. Kepha umehluko wekhadinali, njengomthetho, awubonwa.

Ezinye izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zalezi zingoma zezingoma zingashiwo lapha.

Igolide elinenwele elimpunga likhulu ngandlela-thile kunelilenhloko emnyama eshiwo ngenhla. Futhi umzimba wakhe kwezinye izimo ufinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-17. Kuyahluka nangaphandle kwemibala emnyama nebala elimhlophe engutsheni yokugqoka. Ikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseningizimu yeSiberia, isakazeke futhi ukusuka eCentral Asia iye esifundeni esisenyakatho neNdiya.

IGreyfinch enekhanda elimpunga

ILinnet nayo inkulu kakhulu kune-carduelis ejwayelekile. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bayizinyoni ezinhle kakhulu. Entwasahlobo, bane-tummy brown kanye nezinhlangothi ezimhlophe. Ibunzi, umzimba nesifuba kuyamangalisa ngemithunzi egqamile ebomvu, yize lo mbala ungekho ku-plumage yesigamu sowesifazane.

Izici ezihehayo zokucula phakathi kwabamele le nhlobo. Ama-Carduelis amaduna kulezi zinyoni acula kuphela, ahlangana ngama-ensembles angavamile. Futhi imiculo abayishicilelayo iyaphawuleka ngokuhambisana kwabo nobulukhuni bokusebenza kwabo. Ama-birdies anjalo atholakala e-Eurasia nasentshonalanga yezindawo eziseNyakatho Afrika.

I-Linnet ibhekwa njengohlobo lwe-carduelis

IZelenushka yathola igama layo njengomthunzi oluhlaza okotshani ophezu ngemuva. Iphinde ibe nomsamo ompunga, amaphiko amnyama anama-yellowness, nomsila wombala ofanayo. Ubukhulu balezi zinyoni buqhathaniswa nondlunkulu. Ukucula kwabo, ngokudabukisayo, akufani ngokubabazekayo, futhi imisindo abayenzayo ifana kakhulu nokudumaza.

Inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

I-siskin evuthayo incane futhi inesisindo esingama-g ayi-12. Isizinda esiyinhloko sombala sibomvu ngokuvutha ngokufakwa komnyama nomhlophe. Ama-birdies anjalo ahlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, amahlathi akhanyayo, atholakala emahlathini asezihlahleni, ahlangana emihlanjeni emincane.

Le nyoni eyivelakancane, ngenxa yobuhle obukhethekile bezinamba, ezifakwa ekubanjweni ngokweqile. Emakethe emnyama kunezindleko ezinhle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, ubuningi besimo sezidalwa ezinamaphiko ezinjengalezi sehle kakhulu.

Manje ezimweni zemvelo itholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezikude zaseVenezuela, lapho ivikelwe khona ngokusemthethweni, kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, ithunjwa ngokungemthetho ukuba ithengiselwe abathandi abahlukile.

Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuhle, usisi ovuthayo ubanjwe ngumbhoshongo omkhulu

Umsoco

Incazelo ye-carduelis kufanele kuxhaswe ngokushiwo ngenzuzo engathandabuzekwayo elethwa yilezi zinyoni, kubhubhisa izinambuzane eziningi zezikhala eziluhlaza nezilimo ezibalulekile. Imihlambi yezinyoni ezinjalo emasimini nasezindlini zasehlobo - izivakashi azijwayelekile. Bashiya izidleke zabo, bahlangana emaphaketheni futhi bayofuna ukudla kwezizukulwane ezizayo.

Ukudla kwabantu abadala kuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi imbewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, ezisukela ezihlahleni kuya ezihlahleni nasemithini. Umuthi okhethekile walezi zinyoni yimbewu yakhakhali, i-sorrel yamahhashi kanye ne-burdock.

Amabhubesi ikakhulukazi akhetha ukondla isizukulwane esisesincane. Ezikhathini ezingezinhle, lapho kuba nezinkinga ngokuba khona kwenani elanele lembewu, izinyoni ezinjalo ziya kwezinye izifunzo, zisebenzisa ukhula oluncane, iziqu zalo namaqabunga okugcotshwa.

Lapho zifuna okuphakelayo, lezi zinyoni ezihambayo zibonisa ubugqi obumangalisayo. Agxuma ngentshiseko ezihlahleni. Ukuze ukwazi ukugoba imidwebo yobuciko, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka kumakinishi we-birch, ayakwazi ukuwaqhulula, ehleli emagatsheni amancanyana.

Ukuphakelwa okwenziwe ngomumo kanye nokuhlanganiswa okulungiselelwe okusanhlamvu kufaneleke kakhulu kuma-Carduelis asekhaya. Zingadliwa futhi ngama-crackers aqhekeziwe, ukolweni, amaqanda abilisiwe, imifino eyomile neqhwa.

Akufanele sikhohlwe ngokudla kwezilwane. Ikakhulu, kungenzeka ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo ngezinsimbi zikafulawa ngempumelelo enkulu, ewusizo ikakhulukazi ebusika, kanye nezintuthwane pupae. Amanzi anikezwa abawaphuzayo kufanele ahlanzeke ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ashintshe njalo.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Noma ekudingisweni, lezi zinyoni ezincane ezinhle zikulungele ukuzalaniswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Njengoba isendaweni yezinyoni ngqo, insikazi yakhela isidana sayo inzalo yayo. Into esemqoka ukuthi umnikazi uyayihlinzeka ngezinto zokwakha ezidingekayo: amagxolo esihlahla, imousse, ilayisi, amagxolo e-birch, izingcezu zoboya.

Izidleke ze-Carduelis zihlala zingajwayelekile futhi zigoqwa kahle

Kule ndawo yokuhlala ethokomele, umama okhulelwe ulala amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemivimbo namachashazi ansomi (angaba nombala omhlophe ngombala obomvu, kuye ngohlobo lwenhlobo) ngesilinganiso esingaba yizicucu eziyisithupha.

Ubafakela i-crescent, ngaphandle kokuzama ukusiza owesilisai-carduelis. Imisebenzi yayo ikumanyolo kuphela. Ekupheleni kwale nqubo, kungcono ukuhambisa indoda enamakhanda kwenye iseli.

Amachwane amnandi avele kungekudala akhula ngokushesha. Futhi emasontweni amabili bacishe bakulungele impilo yokuzimela. Kodwa-ke, kungakuhle ukuthi uzibeke eduze kukamama elinye iviki, ukuze ekugcineni basebenze babe namandla.

I-Carduelis chick encane

Amakati avela ekudingisweni, akhula, njengomthetho, aba nobuntu kakhulu futhi anobungane kubantu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Ziyakwazi, ziyafuna ukwazi futhi zifunde kalula izinto ezihehayo.

Ngokwemvelo, i-Carduelis pair kanye nokufika kwentwasahlobo. Futhi ukwakhiwa kwendlu yamathole kuphothulwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Isidleke seCarduelis - isakhiwo esihle kakhulu futhi sihle, senziwe ngesimo sesitsha. Umbala waso uhambelana nendawo futhi wakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi lesi sakhiwo singabonakali ngokumelene nesizinda samagatsha esihlahla (imvamisa i-poplar noma i-aspen).

Bese iqala isikhathi sokuthandana, lapho amanenekazi e-twitter ekhombisa ubuhle bawo futhi enze isenzo sobuntu. Uma ngalezo zikhathi umngane ephuphuma esidlekeni, lowo ofaka isicelo sokumnaka ngokushesha uphuthuma emva kwakhe. Insikazi iyakhukhumeza izimpaphe zayo bese inyakazisa amaphiko ayo. Okulandelayo ukubhanqa.

Ezimweni zemvelo, obaba be-Carduelis basiza abangane babo ukondla amantshontsho abo, yize bengabambi iqhaza ekubekeni. Ezifundeni ezithandwa isimo sezulu, abakwaCarduelis banesikhathi sokukhiqiza ama-brood amaningi afinyelela kwamabili. Imikhaza idla kuqala izibungu, kodwa njengoba ikhula, ziya ngokuya ziphendukela ekudleni zemvelaphi.

Ama-Carduels agcinwe ekudingisweni avame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kunabalingani bawo basendle, kwezinye izikhathi afinyelela eminyakeni engama-20. Kepha ngokwemvelo, le nkathi yeminyaka emihlanu ifushane. Kodwa-ke, ekhaya ukugcina impilo yezinyoni kuncike ekuzweleni komnikazi, imizamo yakhe kanye nesifiso sakhe sokunakekela isilwane sakhe.

Nakani!

Kodwa-ke, isici esimangalisa kakhulu seCarduelis ukucula kwabo. Ishaya kakhulu kunombala omangalisayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lezi zinyoni zingadlala cishe izingqimba ezi-20 ezihlukile.

Imininingwane yezwi ye-Carduelis ibonakala ngokuthandwa nokuhlukahluka, futhi kwezinye izimo, ubumnandi. Kodwa izinyoni zingenza nemisindo engathandeki kakhulu. Yebo, ukuculwa kwalezi zidalwa kungaba okwakudala.

Habitat

Indawo yokuhlala kweCarduelis inkulu impela. Zitholakala kulo lonke elase-Europe ngaphandle kwezifunda zasenyakatho, kanye nenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika.

IFinland, iNorway, i-Ireland, iPortugal, nePakistan - lolu nje luluhlu oluncane lwamazwe lapho kuhlala khona le ngoma. Ezweni lakithi, naye uyaphila.

IGreyfinch enekhanda elimpunga

Usayizi wommeleli walezi zinhlobo ukhulu kancane kunalowo we-caruelis ovamile. Ubude bomzimba bungaba ngu-0.17 m. Imibala emnyama nomhlophe ngombala ayikho ngokuphelele. Izindawo ezithandwayo ziseSiberia eseningizimu, eChina, enyakatho neNdiya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusekhona ama-aminyene, i-Yemeni, i-American Carduelis.

IGoldfinch ekudingisweni

Njengoba sesithole, kunama-carduelis. Kepha namuhla ithandwa kakhulu ukuzitholela isilwane esinezimpondo. Ama-Goldfinches alungele kangcono le ndima. Lokhu kungenxa yemibala egqamile yeplamu, ukudla okungenamsoco kanye nezimfanelo ezinhle zezwi.

Kwanele iphupho ukuzwa umsindo womuntu omdala okungenani kanye ukuze ifunde ukucula ngendlela emangalisayo ngokukhula. Uma ubamba i-carduelis ehlathini, iyohlala ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ibe yimbi. Futhi, inyoni iqeqeshwa kalula kumaqhinga ahlukahlukene.

Izici Zokuqukethwe

Ama-Carduelis kufanele agcinwe emakhejini abanzi. Izinduku ezikuyo kufanele zihlelwe ngokukhuphuka okungama-1.5 cm noma ngaphansi. Kungcono uma kuhlangene - ifreyimu yenziwe ngokhuni, kanti izinduku - zensimbi.

Indawo yekheji kufanele ivikeleke kokubhaliwe futhi kukhanye kahle. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo akufanele kuvunyelwe ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile.

I-Carduelis ivunyelwe futhi yamukelwa ngisho emphemeni noma engadini. Umoya ohlanzekile uzoba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yezinyoni.

Ekuphetheni, siphawula ukuthi i-Goldfinch iyisipho esiphilayo esihle kakhulu. Ungayethula kubangani bakho nezihlobo zakho ukuhlonipha noma yiliphi iholide. Bazokwazisa isenzo sakho.

Incazelo yenyoni yegolide

Lezi zingamele izinyoni zihlobene nezintaka, zona zaqamba igama lomndeni wegama elifanayo. Ubukhulu bomzimba bukhulu kakhulu (12 cm, hhayi kufaka nomsila) kangangokuba ngisho nondlunkulu ubukeka njengomfowethu osekhulile. Isisindo sale nyoni singakapheli amagremu angama-20. Emantjaneni angena esigabeni sokukhula, izimpaphe ziba zicace ngokwengeziwe. I-charm ekhethekile idalwa ngenxa yemibhobho yengxenye ephezulu yomsila, amaphiko nendawo yekhanda. Ngokuzithandela, uqala ukubona ukuthi ibinzana elithi "ukubukeka okubi 'lavelaphi.

Kumuntu omdala, indawo ebanzi yombala obomvu ezungeze uqhwaku oluzungeze uqhwaku, amaphiko ngaphezulu adwetshwe ngemibala ephuzi ekhanyayo. Esiswini, izihlathi nebunzi kukhona izimpaphe ezimhlophe ngokuphelele. Amachwane amancanyana akhipha ukubonakala kwebele nangemuva, noma kunalokho - ama-multicolor ohlangothini olude. Ukubheka okusheshayo ngeke kukwazi ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwabantu bobulili obuhlukile. Eqinisweni, ingxenye yezimpaphe ingxenye yesigamu sihle kancane.

Uma ubheka izithombe ezinezithombe zegolide, omunye ngokuzithoba ufisa ingcebo yezimanga zemvelo kamama! Idatha ye-Vocal ihambisana nobuhle obungaphandle benyoni. IGoldfinch iyakwazi ukuzala kabusha imiculo emincane ecishe ibe mibili engafani nenye.

Umsindo owenziwe ungathatha izincazelo ezihluke ngokuphelele: kusuka ezingubeni ezinemisindo emnandi kahle zibonwa yizindlebe kuya kuma-tweets amnandi futhi angathandeki. Abesifazane, njengezidalwa ezethenda kakhulu, bahlabelela kakhudlwana ngokuqhathaniswa nobulili obunamandla. Leli qiniso liqinisekiswa ukubonwa isikhathi eside, futhi kufanele kubhekwe lapho kunesifiso sokwenza i-carduelis efulethini.

Futhi nokho, uhlobo ngalunye lwe-carduelis lunesici esithile esikhethekile sokuziphatha noma isimilo. Thatha, ngokwesibonelo, i-linnet. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bayocula kuphela uma behlelwe “ensemble bird” enenombolo ethile yabantu. Ukucula kwabo kuyinhlanganisela yemisindo eyinkimbinkimbi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye.

Imisindo eyenziwe ngama-greenfinches ayihlobene kangako nokucula kwezinyoni. Ngokunokwenzeka, lokhu kuyindlela enobungane yama-wasps. Ngokuqondene nesitayela sokundiza, sekuvele isifaniso namalulwane.

Ahlala kuphi ama-carduelis?

AbakwaGoldfinches bakhethe izikhala ezivulekile zaseNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia Minor naseSiberia eNtshonalanga. Kodwa izimo zezulu zezifunda ezisenyakatho yeYurophu azizifaneli.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Carduelis zabiwa phakathi kwabo nendawo abahlala kuyo. Imvamisa kakhulu bakhetha ama-groves aqabulayo, izingadi kanye namahlathi lokhu, ngesibalo esiphansi sezihlahla. Entwasahlobo, ama-goldenfinches akha imibhangqwana, indiza isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye, ize ekugcineni inqume ngendawo yokuhlala.

Ekupheleni kwehlobo, iCarduelis iqala ukubhangqa ndawonye - kulula ukusinda ngesikhathi sasebusika. Kepha noma kunjalo, ezinye izinyoni zishiya izindawo zazo zomdabu, zichithe ubusika emazweni afudumele aseningizimu. Ngakho-ke, akuniki izizathu zokusho ngokusobala ukuthi ama-carduelis angamalungu esigaba sezinyoni ezifudukayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kunezinhlobo ezihlukile ezingabekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aphansi.

Inani leCarduelis alikhawulelwe kumakhono amahle wezwi kanye nobuhle obuhlanya bethebula. Lezi zinyoni ziqothula ngokucophelela izinambuzane zezitshalo zezolimo, ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezinkulu kubaninimhlaba.

Indlela yokuphila yezinyoni

Noma yikuphi ukucaciswa kwemikhuba engahlukanisa kakhulu uhlobo oluthile lwe-carduelis kolunye akubonwa. Ukwehluka okucashile kukhona ngokubukeka nekhwalithi yamaphimbo, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Bakha izidleke eziphakemeyo ezihlahleni.

Ukusondelana kwamabili kwizinyoni ze-vivo akuboni. Ngakho-ke ukuthi amabanga amakhulu phakathi kwezidleke kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Izinyoni zigibela emagatsheni aphezulu kakhulu, lapho, njengokusebenza kwewashi, zijikeleza ngapha nangapha, futhi, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kubonakala sengathi azithuli okwesikhashana.

Owesifazane ngesizathu esithile ushiya esidlekeni. Kepha owesilisa, ngaphandle kokucabanga isikhathi eside, ugijimela othandekayo wakhe. Kuvele ingxoxo esondelana phakathi kwabo. Uma kwenzeka entwasahlobo, bese kuthi ngemuva kwengxoxo, izinyoni zivame ukubonana ngempumelelo.

Inqubo evumelana nokuqhubeka kohlobo lwezinyoni zakwaCarduelis ayilawulwa ngokuqinile, i.e. lapha ithonya elikhulu livezwa yindawo yokuhlala. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungani izinhlobo ezikhethe insimu enesimo sezulu esipholile zingaphuthumi ukwakha izidleke. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi se-Carduelis siqala entwasahlobo futhi siphela ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye awo akwazi ukulala nokuqandusela amaqanda amahlandla amabili kulezi zinyanga eziningana.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa izidleke, uCarduelis wakhombisa amakhono avelele. Akuwona wonke amakhosi azokwazi ukudala into efanele ukunakwa, lapho enamagxolo esihlahla kuphela, ama-moss kanye ne-lichen?

Izinyoni zakwaCarduelis zingesigaba salowo mkhakha wezinyoni, kalula nje zakha ubungane nabantu. Akunzima futhi ukwenza izinyoni ukuba zilwe, zilalele futhi uzifundise ukwenza amaqhinga okuqala. Amukelekile njengama-macaws.

Kuyazuzisa futhi ukuqukatha izinyoni ze-Carduelis ngoba zondla cishe konke abaphathi bazo abaziphatha ngakho. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, kuya ngohlobo lwe-carduelis, ukukhetha kunganikezwa kuphela imbewu yokhula noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izitshalo ezitshaliwe. Futhi, izinambuzane kumele zibe khona ekudleni.

Incazelo ye-carduelis

Ngaphandle, inyoni yegolidefinch ifana nembali ekhanyayo evuselelwe. Ngaphezu kombala okhanyayo, le nyoni inezwi elimangalisayo, ngenxa yokuthi ivame ukugcinwa ekudingisweni. Lezi akuzona izilwane ezihlekisayo. I-goldenfinch, ayikho enkulu kunondlunkulu ojwayelekile ngosayizi, noma kunjalo, ubukhulu abuthinti umbono wenyoni.

Ukucula kwalo okumangalisayo kuqhathaniswa ne-Nightingale noma i-canary, futhi ngokunakekelwa kwesilwane ngendlela efanele, ukugcwala kwezikhukhula kungajatshulelwa unyaka wonke. Kuphela isikhathi esifushane sokuncibilikisa, njengomthetho, igolidefinch lehla.

Ngabe idlani igolide?

Photo: Carduelis owesilisa

AbakwaGoldfinches bakhetha ukuthola ukudla kwabo kanye nezihlobo zabo. Akuvamile ukundiza ukuzondla zodwa. Izicucu zegolide zegolide azinakwa. Izinyoni eziningi ezinhle, ezinhle, zibonakala ngokushesha. Imvamisa yamafolishi wegolide ngokuvamile ifuna ukudla ezingadini, emasimini, emaphandleni, emaphethelweni ehlathi. Ngenkathi ufuna ukudla, ahlukaniswa dexterity, ubuhle. I-Carduelis ingahamba ngokushesha kumagatsha amancane ukuze ifinyelele imbewu noma amacimbi.

Ukudla kwe-carduelis ehlala endaweni yemvelo kufaka:

izinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi. Lezi zinyoni zisheshe zikhulule amahlathi, izingadi, izilimo ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinambuzane. Le khwalithi yaziswa kakhulu ngabantu,
imbewu. Badla imbewu ye-cones, i-thistle, i-burdock, ezinye izitshalo eziningi,
tshala ukudla. Uma izinyoni zizizwa zishoda ngembewu nezinambuzane, zizophinda zibuyise amandla wazo ngokudla kwezitshalo: amaqabunga, iziqu ezondile, utshani,
izibungu, izibungu. Zisetshenziswa ngabantu abadala kakhulu. Ukudla okunjalo kutholakala ikakhulu ukondla inzalo.

Iqiniso elithandekayo: Ngokuphila nokondla, uCarduelis uzikhethela insimu ethile, ayibheka njengekhaya labo. Lezi zinyoni ezincane azizithandi izimbangi, ngakho-ke zingangena empini nezinye izinyoni, ezinqume ukuba nesidlakela kule ndawo.

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe ngaphambili, uCarduelis uvame ukugcinwa ekhaya. Ngokudla kwabo, ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo elandelayo: i-hemp, i-pine, i-dandelion, i-plantain, izimpethu zikafulawa, izinambuzane ezincane, ingxube ye-canary, imifino, amakhambi, izithelo, ama-egghells. Akumele sikhohlwe ngokubaluleka kwamanzi amasha. Lezi zinyoni zithanda amanzi. Kufanele iguqulwe kabili ngosuku.

I-dimorphism yezocansi

AbakwaCarduelis ngomunye wabamele babo bezinyoni, abazimele ngokwabo ngokobulili abazivezi. Into ekhona ukuthi ukubuka okungenamqondo akuhlukanisi i-Carduelis "yomfana" evela "entombazaneni". Imibala yabo bobabili ubulili icishe ifane. Futhi lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu yalabo abafuna ukuthenga i-carduelis. Into ukuthi iningi lesilisa licula kulezi zinyoni.

Bacula kamnandi futhi kakhulu ngesikhathi “sendiza esimeme” lapho bezimisele ukuheha ukunakwa kowesifazane. Abanye ochwepheshe abaholayo bathi abesifazane bangacula, kepha akunakwenzeka ukubikezela lokhu kusengaphambili.

Yize - ukucula kwabesifazane kunomsindo futhi muhle kakhulu. Kepha uma unenhlanhla futhi uthola i-songbird - unganqikazi, uzokujabulisa ngomculo wawo isikhathi eside. Yize kunjalo, iCarduelis iculwa ngaphakathi kwemigoqo engemuva, ngenkathi ivame ukusinda ize ibe yiminyaka engamashumi amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinyoni zinemiculo engaphezu kwamashumi amabili kwi-repertoire yazo. Ngakho-ke, kumakhasimende azimisele ukuthenga i-songbird eqinisekisiwe noma nje abobulili obuhlukile noma obunye, izeluleko zethu ezingenakuphikwa.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inyoni okungeyaluphi ucansi, kungcono ukuyibheka hhayi njengodwa, kodwa njengeqembu. Isibonelo, labo abafisa ukukhetha owesimame bangcono uma bebuka inyoni ecijile. Kodwa-ke ziyehluka ngokukhanya okuncane, ukucaca kanye nobuhle be-plumage. Abesilisa banombala omnyama okhanyayo, ugcwele ngaphezulu.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukunaka ubukhulu bezinyoni. Njengoba kulindelwe ezilwaneni eziningi, iduna likhulu kunensikazi ngosayizi. Unomzimba omkhulu, kanye noqhwaku. Futhi, lapho uhlolwa eduze, owesilisa, endaweni lapho kuvalwe khona izingxenye ezimbili zoqhwaku, kubonakale izinwele ezinde ezinamapulangwe amancane, ezibukeka njengasemaphethelweni amadevu emadodeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhathanisa nokunaka imininingwane ecacile kuzosiza ekuthengeni isilwane esifanele.

Umbala omnyama omenyezelwe kancane ekhanda lowesifazane unebala elimhlophe. Isiphambano esingemuva kwe-Carduelis yowesifazane sine-grey grey. Eduze kwamehlo ansikazi kunemicibisholo emnyama "ethe xaxa" yezimpaphe ezimnyama. Ngakho-ke, iziza ezibomvu zamapulage azifiki ku-iris. Esiduneni, ingxenye engenhla yeplamu elibomvu, ngokungathi kunjalo, ithinta iso, ngaphandle kokuhlangana nokushaywa okumnyama.

Izinhlobo zeCarduelis

Ekuqaleni kwendaba yethu, kuchazwa incazelo evame kakhulu, kepha kude nohlobo kuphela lwe-carduelis, olunamakhanda amnyama lunikezwa. Ngokungeziwe kukho, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezingefani ezindaweni zokuhlala, kodwa futhi nedatha yangaphandle.

Ummeleli omkhulu ngokwengeziwe i-greyfinch enwevu.Ubude bomzimba wakhe ukusuka ekhanda kuye esiqongweni somsila bungafinyelela amasentimitha alishumi nesikhombisa, ngokungafani namasentimitha ayishumi nambili amnyama-mhlophe. Lolu hlobo lusakazeka lusuka enyakatho neNdiya luye ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeSiberia.

Umbala wekhanda lakhe awunawo amahloka amnyama namhlophe, futhi akukho okubonakaliswa kombala omsulwa omnyama emzimbeni wakhe. Umbala oyinhloko weplamu lomzimba ubanda ngokumpunga, uqhwaku umlomo, obomvu obuhleli busabonakala.

I-Linnet futhi uhlobo oluthile lwe-carduelis. Ziyahluka hhayi zangaphandle kuphela, kepha futhi ngesibonakaliso esimangazayo se-dimorphism yezocansi. Izinsikazi azibukeki ziheha, kepha abesilisa bangabaculi abahle impela. Entwasahlobo, isisu sabo sipendwe nsundu ngezinhlangothi ezimhlophe. Futhi isifuba nendawo enkulu yomzimba ihlukaniswa ngamathayi abomvu, okuthi abesifazane, ngeshwa, bancishwe.

Lezi zinyoni zihlala emazweni ase-Eurasia, kanye nasezindaweni ezisentshonalanga neNyakatho Afrika. I-Linnet ihlukile hhayi kudatha yangaphandle kuphela, kepha futhi nasekuthandweni kwezwi. Uyabona, lolu hlobo lwe-caruelis lukhetha ukucula ngokuhlanganyela. Ngasikhathi sinye, "umculo" awuzwakali ngaphandle kwendawo. Ukucula kwabo kuyavumelana futhi kukabili ngokuzwakalayo.

IGoldfinch greenfinch inomhlobiso oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wensimbi emhlane wayo. Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubuye ufinyelele ekhanda, amaphiko kanye nomsila wenyoni. Umsila namaphiko ahlukaniswe njengezindawo ezimpunga neziluhlaza, intamo impunga. Ngosayizi, le nhlobo iqhathaniswa kakhulu nondlunkulu. Ngeshwa, kodwa ukucula kwakhe kufana nondlunkulu. Ukuthenga uhlobo olunjalo lwe-carduelis, akufanele uthembele kuma-trill agcwele amanzi; izingoma zakhe zifana ne-buzz yenyosi.

I-siskin evuthayo ingummeleli okhanyayo wezinkulungwane eziyishumi nambili wezinhlobo. Ingxenye eyinhloko yomzimba wakhe omncane ipendiwe ngombala obomvu o-orange. Kugcizelelwa kahle futhi ngamapayipi amnyama namhlophe.

Endle, bahlangana ngemihlambi emincane, bangena endaweni yezindawo ezishisayo, emahlathini nasezivandeni ezishisayo. Ngeshwa, okwamanje bangatholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezingavamile zasehlane laseVenezuela, ngoba ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo, lezi zinyoni zathunjwa zingalawulwa.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Ama-Carduelis ayizinyoni ezikhetha ukuhlala kude nezindawo ezisenyakatho zeplanethi. Izindawo abahlala kuzo zitholakala eNyakatho ne-Afrika naseCentral Asia, kanti nezindondo zegolide zingatholakala naseNtshonalanga Siberia, e-Asia Minor naseYurophu, ngaphandle kwezindawo zabo ezisenyakatho.

Ungahlangana nabo ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yeScandinavia noma eFinland. Uhla lwezinyoni lufinyelela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ye-Afrika.

Bangabathandi bemifino enqabileyo kanye namahlathi. Yize izinketho ngazinye zisahluka ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezinyoni ezithile, wonke amaCarduelis athanda izingadi ngokungakhethi. Ngentwasahlobo, lezi zinyoni zakha ngababili ukukhiqiza inzalo, bese ziqhubeka nomadd ngifuna indawo, ngombono wazo, ofanele kakhulu ekwakheni isidleke.

Isabelo se-Carduelide

I-Carduelis isixhumanisi esibalulekile kulayini wokudla. Yimiyalo ehlathini, ngoba iqothula izinambuzane ezihluma ngesiqu zemithi nezivuno. Bashiya amakhaya abo, babuthana ngamaqembu amancane ukuthola umthombo wokudla.

Imvamisa, imihlambi ye-Carduelis ingatholakala emasimini nasemazweni anothile ngezinambuzane noma ngembewu. Isabelo esiyinhloko sokudla siwela imbewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Zonke zivumelana ngokungakhethi, kodwa imbewu ekhanye kanye ne-burdock ibhekwa njengeyintandokazi.

Ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kokudla kwembewu, bashintshela kumenyu yezitshalo enamaqabunga neziqu ezothile. Izibungu zisetshenziswa inqubo yokondla abancane. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izingxube zezimboni ezenziwe ngomumo njengokudla kokulungiswa kwekhaya.

Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho isilwane ingahlela imenyu ehlukahlukene njengasendle. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-crackers aqhekeziwe, imifino eyomile noma eqandisiwe, ne-yolk yeqanda elibilisiwe kuzoba ukugqokwa okuhle. Njengokudliwayo kwenyama, izibungu zezintuthwane kanye nezibungu zikafulawa ziyadingeka.

Ukuzalela inzalo

Izinyoni ezizalayo zegolidefinch ngqo zincike ezinhlotsheni zazo, kanye nendawo yokuhanjiswa unomphela. Endle, isikhathi sokuzalela sisondela entwasahlobo. Futhi ukwakhiwa kwesidleke somndeni kuphothulwa ngoMeyi. Indlu ibukeka icocekile futhi ingashisi, yakhiwe ngokukhethekile kusukela ezintweni eziseduzane ukuze ihlangane nendawo. Owesilisa ufafaza insikazi, emva kwalokho iba yize.

Uma lo mbhangqwana ugcinwa ekheji efanayo, kungcono ukusetha kabusha iduna ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Futhi insikazi iqala ukwenza ngcono isidleke. Endle, isebenzisa amahlumela amancanyana, izindunduma, iminyene, i-fluff enhle, njll. Njengezinto zokwakha. Ekuthunjweni, udinga ukukunikeza ngokwenziwe.

Esidlekeni esiphelile, insikazi ibekela amaqanda amahle. Ubuhle ukuthi bluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka dot. Isikhathi sokufakwayo simayelana necrescent. Ngemuva kokuqunjelwa, kuvela amachwane, athi emva kwamasonto ambalwa abe esezimele.

Inyoni yegolide. Incazelo, izici, indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala kaCarduelis carduelis

Emahlathini angavamile, amapaki, izingadi, izingadi zasekhishini kanye nama-waspelands, ungathola inyoni enemibala egqamile njengosondlunkulu, iCarduelis. Imicu ebomvu ebanzi ezungeze uqhwaku kanye nasemahlombe amhlophe esihlathini nesisu kuyashaywa. Isifuba sibomvu ngombala, umqhele wekhanda, emuva kwekhanda namathiphu ezimpiko amnyama ngomugqa omncane ophuzi. Owesifazane cishe akahlukile ngombala owesilisa.

IGoldfinch bird: Incazelo

UGoldfinch usebenzisa iningi lokuphila kwakhe ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni. AbakwaCarduelis baphila impilo yokuhlala, futhi ekwindla kuphela lapho bebutha khona emihlambini bese bezulazula lapho beyofuna ukudla. Bondla ikakhulu ngembewu yokhula - i-burdock, i-burdock, i-sorrel yamahhashi. Ama-Carduelis amnene impela futhi avunyelwe ebangeni eliseduze, ukuvumela ukuthi ubuke ukuthi izinyoni zizithola kanjani imbewu.

Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, imihlambi yama-carduelis ibuyela ezindaweni zayo zokwahlukana futhi ihlukaniswe ngababili ukuthola amantshontsho. Bakha izidleke emipheni, oki nakwezinye izihlahla eziqothulayo. Esidlekeni, insikazi ibeka okuluhlaza okungu-4-5 okuluhlaza okotshani noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngama-testicles abomvu, awafukamela cishe amasonto amabili. Owesifazane oyedwa wakhe isidleke, owesilisa uletha kuphela impahla futhi ahlabelele izingoma zakhe ze-sonorous.

Ingoma yeCarduelis imnandi futhi ihluke kakhulu. Ngenkathi ecula, akahlali ethule, kepha ujika ngapha nangapha.

Kwesinye isikhathi ezitholakala futhi zenanelwe kakhulu ngabathandi be-carduelis, engomeni yazo okuzwakala ngayo, kufana nokukhala kwensimbi. Bathatha kalula izizwe ngazinye ezingomeni zezinye izinyoni.

I-Goldfinch ayesabi amakhaza: ngezinsuku zasebusika ezicacile ngengoma yakhe ye-perky izwakala ingemnandi njengasezinsukwini ezifudumele zasentwasahlobo. Owesifazane akaziculi izingoma.
Imikhaza idliwa izinambuzane ezincane nezibungu zazo. Ehlobo, iCarduelis inesikhathi sokukhulisa amazinyane amabili, bese amaphuphu amadala amadala aqala ukundiza ndawonye futhi adle ngembewu yamakhambi ahlukahlukene.

IGoldfinch ijwayela umuntu kalula futhi imvamisa ipecks imbewu ngqo ezandleni zayo. Ama-Goldfinches angagcinwa ezinkanjini ezijwayelekile ngesikhafu sokhuni kanye nethala lensimbi elinobukhulu okungenani amasentimitha angama-30X25X20 (futhi kungcono ngokuhlukile, ngoba esikhathini esiningi kakhulu zicasula izinyoni ezibuthakathaka). Le nyoni isuthiswa ngengxube yokusanhlamvu: amabele ama-40%, i-hemp 10%, imbewu ye-canary 10%, i-linseed 10% kanye nembewu engu-30% ye-burdock. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto kuyadingeka ukunikeza izintuthwane (amaqanda) ezixutshwe nezaqathi ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezicucu ezimhlophe ezichotshoziwe, kanye nezicucu ze-apula elimnandi, imifino kanye nokudla okumbiwa phansi - ushoko ochotshoziwe noma idwala legobolondo. Iseli kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi libe namanzi ahlanzekile futhi acwengekile emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.

Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela nangokuphakelwa okufanele, i-Goldfinch ihlala ekudingisweni isikhathi eside. Ama-Carduelis angaganiswa nge-canary yesifazane futhi athole namantshontsho ahlanganisiwe, wona, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-canaries, amnyama futhi abomvu azungeze uqhwaku, njenge-carduelis, kepha ayisithunzi esimnyama. Ama-nzalo wesilisa anezwi elikhudlwana.

Amathegi: mayelana ne-carduelis yezingane, incazelo, inyoni ye-carduelis, isithombe, ukondla, ukulungiswa kwendlu.

I-motley kanye ne-warbler yomndeni we-Finch yaqanjwa ngokuthi yi-Goldfinch (lat. Carduelis Carduelis) ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Owokuqala wabo ukugqokwa kwakhe ngendlela engajwayelekile futhi ekhanyayo. Isizathu sesibili sihlobene negama lesiLatini lenyoni. "I-Carduus" ngesiLatini isho ikhakhakhasi imbewu yakhe le ndoda enhle ethanda ukudla ngayo.

Le nyoni nayo incane ngosayizi, cishe ngosayizi wendlunkulu. Isisindo sama-goldenfinches amadala acishe abe ngu-20 g, ubude bomzimba bufika ku-12 cm, amaphiko angaba ngu-22-25 cm. I-Goldfinches inomzimba omnyama kakhulu, ophukile onekhanda eliyindilinga, intamo emfushane nomlomo omncane omncane obukhali.

Umehluko wabo oyinhloko ovela kwezinye izinhlobo ubukhona bemibala ephuzi egqamile, ebomvu, emnyama nemhlophe ku-plumage. I-Carduelis yabantu abadala inobucwebe obubili ekhanda layo - isicubu sezimpaphe ezimnyama nomngcele obomvu ovuthayo we-bezel. Emadodeni, umugqa onjalo ubanzi kunabesifazane, ngakho-ke angahlukaniswa, ngoba uma kungenjalo awafani. Izihlathi ze-Carduelis zimhlophe, emuva kun nsundu, isisu sibomvu. Umsila waso namaphiko amnyama amnyama ngamabala aphuzi nemivimbo emhlophe.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Owesifazane Goldfinch insikazi

AbakwaCarduelis bahola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo nenempilo. Isikhathi sabo esiningi sichithwa kwiphakethe, lihlala lisuka endaweni ethile liye kwenye. Lezi yizilwane ezisebenzayo. Akuvamile ukubonwa ngokuthula kuhleli iwele. IGoldfinches iyathanda ukundiza futhi ikwenze kahle. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi emoyeni, bahlala beqhamukele ngamapayipi abo aqhakaza ngemuva kwezinye izinyoni.

Omunye umsebenzi owathandwayo walezi zinyoni ukucula. Bacula kakhulu, babe nezwi elijabulisayo. Kwi-repertoire yabo, i-Goldfinch ngayinye iqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezulu kwamashumi amabili. Eminye imiculo ayimnandi ngokuzwa komuntu, okusikhumbuza izindla. Kepha izingoma eziningi zeCarduelis zinhle kakhulu, zifana nezingoma zama-canaries. Isici esibalulekile salezi zinyoni amandla abo akhethekile okukhumbula ngekhanda nokudlala imisindo engaphandle.

Uhlobo lwe-carduelis lungachazwa ngokuthi luzolile. Izinyoni zihlangana kalula emhlambini omkhulu. Isilwane naso asikhombisi ulaka kumuntu, sisheshe siyijwayele. Ngendlela efanelekile, ungaphakamisa isilwane esithobekile, esilalelayo kusuka kumakhukhamba. Ubulukhuni be-carduelis bubonakala kuphela emzabalazweni wensimu naphakathi kokuvikelwa kwenzalo yabo. Lezi zinyoni zinomona kakhulu ngendawo yazo, azivumeli abantu ongabazi, futhi zingahlanganyela empini nenyoni eyayikhona.

Izici zamandla

Njengabanye abamele umndeni omnandi, uCarduelis yinyoni emnandi. Emvelweni, badla ngembewu yamakhambi asendle - ikhakhasi, i-dandelion, i-burdock, i-sunflower, i-chicory, i-cornflower. Uqhwaku olubukhali noluncane luvumela ama-carduelis ukuthi akhwebule imbewu, ngokwesibonelo, ukusuka kwizigaxa ze-alder.

Ama-Goldfinches anikeza amachwane awo izinambuzane ezincane. Futhi bona uqobo kwesinye isikhathi bayangeza ekudleni kwabo.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Izimbotshana zegolide

Izici zokuzala, ubude besikhathi sokuzala nezinye izindaba ezihambisana nenzalo zincike ezinhlotsheni zeCarduelis nendawo ahlala kuyo njalo. Emvelweni yemvelo, uCarduelis uqala ukwanda futhi afune umuntu wokushada naye ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, inkathi yokuzalela ingaqala ekuqaleni. Lezi zinyoni ngokushesha zibhangqa futhi ngokushesha ziqala ukwakha isidleke somndeni wazo.

Inqubo yokwakha isidleke se-Carduelis inezici ezithile:

yonke inqubo yenziwa ngowesifazane,
ukwakheka kwendlu ye-Carduelis kufana nezitsha ezinkulu,
isidleke empeleni sitholakala ezihlahleni ezinde, kude nesiqu. Ngale ndlela, lesi silwane sizama ukuvikela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo kubanukubezi,
isidleke sakhiwe kusuka ezinhlangeni zotshani, moss, lichen, imicu ye-bast, izimpande.

NgoMeyi, imvamisa wonke amaCarduelis asevele ahlukaniswe ngababili, abe nesidleke sawo. Ngokulandelayo, indima enkulu inikezwa owesilisa. Kufanele afake insikazi. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda eduze kwehlobo. E-clutch eyodwa kukhona amaqanda acishe abe yisithupha. Amaqanda ane-tish eluhlaza okotshani noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Owesifazane kufanele azikhuhle cishe amasonto amabili, emva kwalokho kuzalwe amachwane.

Ukukhula okusha ngokuphelele ekunakekelweni kwabazali kwamanye amasonto amabili. Ngemuva kwalokho bakulungele ngokuphelele impilo yokuzimela, ngakho-ke bashesha ukuphuma endlini. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni, ukukhula okuncane kuthanda ukuhlala eduze kwesidleke sabazali, ngoba isikhathi esithile, abazali bondla izingane zabo ngezinambuzane nezibungu.

Ukusakazeka emvelweni nasekufudukeni

Ngokuphila, uCarduelis wakhethwa yizifunda eziningi. I-Europe, i-Asia, iNyakatho ne-Afrika, iCaucasus, iNtshonalanga yeSiberia ... Nomaphi lapho le nyoni itholakala khona! Kodwa ama-Goldfinches awathandi ukuthutha. Izinyoni zithanda izindawo ezithandwa ukuzihlalela nezazijwayele, ngakho-ke zindiza kuphela ezimweni ezibandayo ezibandayo. Ngemuva kwaloko i-carduelis levela etinkhabeni letisenyakatfo iya eningizimu.

Kuzo zonke izindawo zokusatshalaliswa kwayo, abakwaCarduelis bakhetha imiphetho ekhanyayo yamahlathi, amapaki, nezingadi zokuphila nezidleke. Abawathandi amaqhubu aminyene, kepha hlala phansi lapho kunamakhambi amaningi nokhula ukuze uzitholele owawo ukudla - imbewu ehlukahlukene.

Izitha zemvelo ze-carduelis

Photo: Goldfinch bird

I-plumage ekhanyayo, engajwayelekile yeCarduelis inzuzo yabo eyinhloko phakathi kwezinye izinyoni. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa iba imbangela yokufa kwale nyoni. Kusukela kumbala onjalo we-carduelis kunzima ukungaboni izinyamazane ezidla ezinye. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni ezidlayo zizingela ngentshiseko lezi zinyoni. Izinkozi, izikhova, oklebe nezinye izinyamazane ngokubamba kabi zibamba izifonyo zegolide ezincane emoyeni noma phansi, lapho lezi zigcine zizingela khona lapho zizingela ukudla.

Akunangozi kangako kuma-Carduelis ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye. Izimpungushe, izinsimbi ezisolayo, izinsimbi, amakati asendle nazo azihambi ngokudliwayo kulezi zinyoni. Lezi zidlakela zinesikhathi esinzima. Bazingela izinyoni phansi, lapho ama-carduelis afuna izinambuzane noma imbewu yokudla. Ubunzima buhlala eqinisweni lokuthi ama-carduelis ajwayele ukuphatha amaphakethe. Umhlaseli kufanele athathe isinyathelo esisodwa kuphela esingakhathaleli, njengoba wonke umhlambi usuka usibhakabhaka.

Ama-squirrels, amajuba, ama-woodpeckers nawo ayizitha zegolide. Lezi zilwane ikakhulukazi zibandakanyeka ekubhujisweni kwezidleke. Bahlasela amaphuphu angenakuzivikela lapho abazali babo bengekho ekhaya. Ama-squirrel antshontsha amaqanda. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane ezifuywayo nazo zingazilimaza izinyoni. Amakati angabamba kalula futhi adle inyoni encane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyivelakancane kakhulu. AbakwaCarduelis bathanda ukuhlala kude namakhaya abantu. Futhi, kusobala, isitha samakhethini wegolide ngumuntu. Kwamanye amazwe, abantu babamba lezi zinyoni ngamabomu ukuze zondliwe ekhaya, kodwa akuyena wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi angasinakekela kanjani isilwane esinjalo, futhi ngokushesha sife ekudingisweni.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Isithombe: IGoldfinch eRussia

Uhlobo lweCarduelis luhlanganisa inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinyoni, phakathi kwazo iCarduelis ebhekwa njengenye evame kakhulu. Lezi zilwane zizalela ngokushesha, zingamelana nezimo zesimo sezulu ezahlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwesithwathwa esinamandla. I-Carduelis akuyona izinhlobo zezinyoni ezisengozini. Isimo Sabo Sokulondolozwa: Ukukhathazeka Okushubile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi eminyakeni ezayo, izinyoni zizogcina izinhlobo zazo kanye nokuchichima kwazo ngamanani anele.

Inani lalezi zinyoni endaweni yemvelo lizinzile impela. Izinyoni azihambi, ziphila impilo yokuhlala. Ngomqondo womhlaba wonke, inani le-carduelis lizinzile, kepha kukhona okungahlehli okuhamba kancane kepha ngokuqinisekile kunciphe. Izici eziningana zidlala umthelela omubi kunani le-carduelis. Okusemqoka kakhulu ukugawulwa kwezihlahla okukhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nezinye izinto eziyingozi ekusebenzeni kwamasimu nezwe. Ngale ndlela, umuntu umane ancisha isilwane ukudla nokukhosela.

Iqiniso elikhangayo: ICarduelis izinyoni ezincane kodwa eziyishumi. Ezimweni zasendle, baphila iminyaka engaba yisishiyagalombili, besekudingisweni - iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.

Kwamanye amazwe, ama-carduelis aze aqala nokuvikelwa umbuso. Isizathu salokhu inzalo ekhulayo yabantu kulezi zinyoni ezigqamile, ezinhle. Abantu baqala ukubamba izimbotshana zegolide ukuzigcina ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi i-goldenfinch yasendle izosala inyamekile. Izinyoni kuphela ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile ezifanele ukulungiswa ekhaya.

Ama-Carduelis ayizinyoni ezinhle, ezinelukuluku ngezwi elimangazayo. Ama-trill abo ayakhanga, kepha akukhona ukuphela kobuhle bezilwane. Usizo lwabo lomuntu lubaluleke ngendlela efanayo. Ama-Carduelis adla izinambuzane, okwenza umonakalo omkhulu umkhiqizo. Futhi igolide - inyoni engaba isilwane esithembekile, esithandekayo nesithandekayo. Ama-Goldfinches asekhaya angathengwa cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhulu sezilwane.

Izinhlobo zezinyoni

Izinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zeCarduelis zinamakhanda amnyama nezinwele. Ama-Carduelis ama-Thick kanye nama-Yemen nawo ahlukaniswe ngokwehlukana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona okuningana okuningi kwale nyoni.

IGoldfinch Goldfinch uhlobo lwegolide elijwayelekile kakhulu. Indawo yokuhlala yayo enkulu ifaka iYurophu, iNtshonalanga Asia kanye neNyakatho Afrika. Igolide elinamakhanda amnyama libizwa nangokuthiwa livamile futhi lisetshenziselwa ukunquma “indinganiso” eyodwa engajwayelekile yokuvela kwale nyoni. Umzimba omncane onokwehlisiwe, ikepisi elimnyama ekhanda lakhe, izihlathi ezimhlophe, ukuqiniswa kogodo olubomvu, amaphiko amnyama namphuzi - lokhu kubukeka njengefreyimu yegolide emnyama ngokwebala.

Isakhamuzi esihlala njalo e-Asia kanye naseSiberia. Ihluke kumlingani wayo ngobukhulu obukhulu nombala ogqamile. I-plumage yalezi zinyoni iphethwe yi-brown and grey shades, imibala emsulwa - emhlophe, emnyama - ayikho. Kepha umphetho obomvu ozungeze uqhwaku, njengekhadi elivakashelayo lezinhlobo, ubuye ubonakalwe ngegolide elimpunga.

Abakwa-Goldfinches baveze buthakathaka ubulili. Owesifazane ulula nje kancanyana kunowesilisa, kepha uhlukile ekuculeni okungaphezu kokushaywa komoya nangokwezifiso. Yingakho abathandi be-songbird belulekwa ukuba babe nama-caruelis abesifazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umngcele obomvu ozungeze uqhwaku lwezinsikazi unciphile futhi ungafiki emehlweni, ngokungafani nowesilisa.

I-Carduelis iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokuphila. Labo abahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme zasenyakatho bavame ukuba bukhudlwana futhi bahlotshiswe ngombala, kanti nabaseningizimu ne-carduelis bagqamile futhi bancane.

IGoldfinch ayisihle nje kuphela futhi iyavumelana, kepha futhi inomlingiswa onokuthula nobungane. Ngakho-ke, ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezinyoni njengesilwane esifuywayo.

Ukuze uthole i-Carduelis enhle, udinga ikheji okungenani ezingama-50 cm ubude ngamazinga amabili nezingongolo ezahlukahlukene nezibalo zomgwaqo. Emvelweni, ama-carduelis kuyaqabukela ewele phansi, ahlala athande ukundiza futhi anyakaze, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukudala induduzo yawo ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uCarduelis udinga ukukhanya okuningi futhi wesaba ukubhajwa. Konke lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho kufakwa isitokisi. Uma okokuqala inyoni iziphatha kabi, ikhebula limbozwa ngezicubu ezikhanyayo.

Ama-Goldfinches adinga nendishi enkulu yokuphuza kanye nethangi lokugeza elihlukile.

Isilinganiso se-Carduelis sizoba yingxube elinganayo yembewu ye-spruce, uphayini, i-hemp, i-dandelion, i-sunflower, i-plantain. Ingxube yeCanary nayo ilungele i-carduelis. Ngenkathi yokuncibilikisa, kufakwa ukudla kwezilwane - izinambuzane ezincane kanye ne-worm kafulawa, izithasiselo zamaminerali - ushoko, udaka, itshe legobolondo, ama-egghells aluhlaza, ukudla okuluhlaza - imifino, izithelo, imifino.

Yondla izinyoni ngezingxenye ezincane kabili ngosuku. Futhi ukuze ucwebe i-Carduelis, lungiselela ingxube yezaqathi zenyama ebilisiwe namaqanda.

Ama-Carduelis, njengazo zonke izilwane ezidla okusanhlamvu, adinga amanzi amaningi, aguqulwa kabili ngosuku.

Uma abesilisa nabesifazane abaningi behlaliswe ekhejini elikhulu, bangakha ngababili futhi bazale. Owesifazane ubaza isidleke se-carduelis. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka izinto zokwakha emakhejini - izimpaphe, amabala otshani, izingcezu zamagxolo, amahlumela.

Kwigundane elilodwa le-Carduelis kunamaqanda amancane ayi-5 aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma aluhlaza okotshani, okuthi kuwo, emva kwamasonto amabili aqanduselwe, kuzalwe amachwane. Cishe izinsuku ezingama-20 zikhula futhi ziqine, bese zishiya isidleke.

AbakwaCarduelis basheshe bajwayele abantu, futhi bangakwazi nokubuyela kumnikazi ngemuva kokubakhulula baye endle,
ekhaya, igolidefinch ihlala iminyaka eyi-15,
emva kokusuka esidlekeni, ukukhula okuncane kugcinwa eduze esidlekeni ezinye izinsuku eziyisithupha, kuthi abazali bondle izinyoni ezincane,
uma zizinza emgodini ofanayo we-carduelis kanye nama-canaries, zingakhiqiza inzalo ehlanganyelwe, izinyoni ezinjalo ezihlanzayo ziqhakaza kakhulu futhi zihlabelela kahle kakhulu.

Ukucula

ICarduelis yabo bobabili ubulili ihlabelela kahle kakhulu nangomculo. Kokubili emvelweni nasekuthunjweni, zihalala cishe unyaka wonke, kuthi ukuthula lapho kuncipha. Ukuculwa kukaCarduelis kuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezahlukahlukene zama-iridescent.

IGoldfinch - isiculo sengoma. Kudala bekuthandwa ngabathandi bemvelo. Kuyajabulisa ukumbheka endle. IGoldfinch ivelele ngamapayipi akhanyayo futhi imisindo emnandi iyashicilela. I-repertoire yakhe ifaka izingoma ezingaphezulu kwamashumi amabili. Ngomoya wenkanyezi yenyoni yangempela, ukulungele ukuqhubeka nombukiso wayo nsuku zonke.

Habitat

Izindawo eziyizintandokazi zezidleke zezinyoni kungamahlathi akhanyayo, ama-groves akhanyayo, amapaki, amabala, namahlathi. Imihlambi yabo ingatholakala ezindaweni ezinamachilo odla izindwani, emifuleni yezikhukhula zemifula noma ezivandeni. AbakwaCarduelis bakhetha izindawo ezinokhanyo kahle futhi abazithandi izingqimba zobukhulu obukhulu.

Umlomo omude omude ulingana ngokulinganayo ekubambeni izinambuzane nokudonsa imbewu kusuka kuma-inflorescence omisiwe. AmaCarduelis akhetha ukudla kwezitshalo. Zidla ngembewu yezitshalo zasendle nezilinywe, zithwebula utshani obusha entwasahlobo. Bajabulela ikakhulukazi i-burdock, i-thistle, i-burdock. Ukutholakala kokudla cishe unyaka wonke kwaboniswa ekunamathiselwe kwe-caruelis ezindaweni zokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, impendulo eqondile yombuzo: ngabe i-Goldfinch iyinyoni efudukayo noma cha, ayitholakali.

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-Carduelis awazishiyi izindawo ahlala kuzo. Izinhlobo eyodwa kuphela ndiza ubusika emazweni afudumele. Njengomthetho, izintokazi zibandakanyeka ezindizeni, futhi ubusika babesilisa emazweni abo endabuko. Ngokubusika, ama-Carduelis afudukayo akhetha ugu loLwandle iMedithera nolwe-Asia Ephakathi. Ngakho-ke, amanye ama-carduelis ayizinyoni ezifudukayo, kanti ezinye azinjalo.

Isikhathi sokuzala nokukhiqiza kabusha

Ukuzalela izinyoni ngokuqondile kuncike endaweni yazo yokuhlala: enyakatho yesifunda sokuhlala, isikhathi sokuzala siyaqala. Ekupheleni kobusika, abakwaCarduelis baqala ukuqoqana emihlanganweni (abantu abangaphezu kuka-40). Ngokubambisana benza izindiza ezimfushane beyofuna ukudla. Ngokufika kokushisa, ngababili bazimisele ngaphakathi komhlambi abaqala ngokuzimela ukucinga izindawo abangakha kuzo isidleke esizayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwesidleke kwenzeka ngoMeyi. Okufanele indawo yokwakha amagatsha amade aqondile agobekile esihlahleni naphansi. Njengamanye ama-Finch, i-goldenfinch enamakhanda amnyama ingumakhi omuhle kakhulu. Isidleke sihlala sisesimweni, sinamaphethelo angamakamelo nendawo yokuphinda sitholwe. Ingxenye yangaphakathi ifakwe ngaphakathi ngeziqu zezitshalo, imous, lichen. Izindonga zangaphandle zicishe zihlangane negxolo lesihlahla. Ukuthola isidleke akulula. Ukufihla okukhulu - Ukuvikelwa kwezivakashi ezingamenyiwe: izitha, izinyoka noma abantu.

Ukunikeza ukubekwa kwendawo yokuhlala yezinyoni, ukuziqhenya komuntu wesilisa kungaba. Uthanda ukuhlala phezu kwesihlahla ngaphezulu kwesidleke sakhe futhi akhukhuleke ngokucula. Okwamanje, ufana nomdwebi wangempela - wenza zonke izinhlobo zokunyakaza komzimba, izingoma, iminsalo. Kepha ukusebenza kwakhe kuhloselwe isibukeli esisodwa kuphela - insikazi. Uphendula ikholi futhi izithandani ziqeda ikhonsathi ndawonye.

Esidlekeni, insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-4-6 amancane ngesikhathi. Ubude obujwayelekile bungamasentimitha angama-1,6-1,8 kuphela. Umbala uyahlukahluka, kuya ngohlobo lwabazali. Ngombala, amaqanda we-Carduelis angaba:

Luhlaza okotshani.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Okumhlophe ngentotho ebomvu.

Ama-hatch hatch emavikini amabili. Emavikini okuqala empilo, amantshontsho aziphatha njengabantu abangavikeleki. Abazali bahlala bondla ama-aphid abo aqabulayo. Ngakho-ke, ukonga okutshalekile kwisinambuzane esiyingozi. Kancane kancane, izingane ziyajwayeza ukutshala ukudla bese ziqala ukudla imbewu, njenge-carduelis yabantu abadala.

Ababili bezinyoni abahlala ezifundeni eziseningizimu bayakwazi ukukhulisa amachwane ama-2 amachwane ngesizini. Amachwane asekhulile ashiya isidleke sawo sabazali, kodwa ekuqaleni akhetha ukuhlala eduze. Futhi kuphela ekwindla buthanani emhlambini nezinyoni ezifanayo bese undizela kwenye indawo.

Ukuhlelwa kwamangqamuzana

Ngokucula kwabo nezinsimbi eziningi ezikhanyayo, uCarduelis kudala adonsela ukunaka kwabantu. Abathandi be-melodic trill abambe ngokukhethekile ama-dandies amahlathi futhi bazinza ekhaya. Kwavela ukuthi inyoni inenye inzuzo ebalulekile. Ngokushesha uGoldfinch usejwayela ukudingiselwa futhi avumelane nokuphila ekhaya. Wamukela kalula imisindo emisha, afunde amaqhinga ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kwenza ihlathi libe nzima kwezinye zezinyoni ezidumile zokugcinwa kwasekhaya.

Ezimweni ezinhle zokuphila, isilwane esinamaphiko sidinga ikheji elinendawo enhle (ubude obungu-40-50 cm). Kufanelwe kahle kakhulu ikheji lokhuni ngemigoqo yensimbi. Ibanga phakathi kwabo alikho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha nesigamu. Ukwenza lula, kunezigxobo ezimbalwa ezimbalwa ngaphakathi, lapho inyoni ingahlala khona.

Ikheji lifakwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, kude nokusalungiswa. Ehlobo, ingahanjiswa kuvulandi noma ithala. Ukuze uvumelane nezimo ezisheshayo ezimweni ezintsha, kufiseleka ukuthi isitokisi esine-carduelis sitholakala endaweni lapho abantu bebuthana khona kakhulu. Isibonelo, ekhishini noma egumbini elivamile. Ngakho-ke, inyoni ijwayela umuntu ngokushesha futhi iba yincwadi.

Uma kungenzeka, kwakhiwa izindiza ezinkulu zokugcina izinyoni. Abamele izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene bahlala ngasikhathi sinye kuzo. AbakwaCarruelis bazozizwa bekhululekile endaweni enjalo, yize bengakhombisa ukunqunu maqondana nezinye izakhamizi zezindiza.

IGoldfinch - isithombe sowesilisa nowesifazane.

Ngakwesokudla esithombeni, i-Carduelis yowesifazane

Ama-Carduelis ukuphela kwezinduna zezingoma lapho owesilisa nowesifazane bengahluke ngokuphelele ngombala. Isithombe esisesihlokweni salabo abaqale banquma ukuthenga i-carduelis, ukukhetha kwale nyoni kuhlale kuyinkinga. Ngabe umehluko muni ongakuthenga insikazi noma owesilisa omkhulu! Abesilisa bayacula futhi ezinye azimbi kakhulu, kepha ukucula izintokazi akufikanga ku-carduelis, yize ochwepheshe bethi ukucula kwalowesifazane kuke kwathandeka futhi kwaba yinhle, kepha zama ukuqagela ukuthi yimuphi umuntu wesifazane ozocula? Kepha ama-carduelis noma ekuthunjweni acula kakhulu, cishe unyaka wonke, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ahlala ekudingisweni kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.

I-Goldfinch bird - isithombe sowesifazane.

Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa eziqinisekile ezikuvumela ukuthi unqume ngokunembile ubulili benyoni:

Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesisemqoka umehluko phakathi kowesilisa noCarduelis nowesifazane ukugqama, ukucaca nobumsulwa kombala wethani, i-Carduelis yowesifazane isemnyama ngokwengeziwe,
Iduna lalilikhulu ngokwenyama kunowesifazane, linemilomo eminingi, ibhulukwe elimnyama libonakala ngasemlonyeni, futhi kusenezinwele ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi “amadevu”,

I-Goldfinch isithombe bird bird owesilisa nowesifazane

Umbala omnyama we- “cap” ekhanda le-caruelis, ngokungafani negolide, awunawo mpunga
I-Carduelis yowesifazane ihlala incane ngosayizi, inenqwaba yepayipi, bese isiphambano emqheleni simnyama-mpunga,
I-plumage ebomvu ekhanda le-Carduelis yowesifazane ayifiki emehlweni,
Futhi, njengomehluko phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa, kwesinye isikhathi umuntu angathola ezincwadini inchazelo enjalo - emadodeni ububanzi bebhande elibomvu ngaphansi kwesisekelo sogongolo bungama 8-10 mm, kwabesifazane - 4-6 mm, kodwa, ngeshwa, kwezinye izinyoni lokhu strip kungenzeka ukuba.

Lapho kuhlala khona izinyoni iCarduelis.

Ezimpondweni zasendle, ama-carduelis akhetha ukuhlala emaphethelweni amahlathi, ezingadini nasemapaki naseziqeshini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi sithandwa ukudla kwe-carduelis ne-burdock , kanye ne-quinoa, i-thistle ephezulu kanye nomhlonyane akhuli ngaphansi komthunzi wamahlathi, futhi bayaphoqelelwa ukuthi bafune amakhadi asemaphethelweni edolobhana, afune ukudla ezitolo ezishiywe dlula zamapulazi.

I-American Goldfinch - isithombe

Izidleke zenyoni yegolidefinch njengezinye izinhlobo zezingoma, ngokwesibonelo, ezihlahleni ezingamagatsha awakhiwe, ngasemaphethelweni amanye, izingadi namapaki.

Ungayithenga kuphi iCarduelis?

Zifakwa kuphi izikelenge zegolide emizini yethu? Ezimakethe nasezitolo, kaningi lezi yizinyoni ezibanjwa yizicupho ezahlukahlukene ngabathandi bezinyoni. Kumele ngisho ukuthi ukubamba izingoma zangoma kufana nesifo. Umlutha wayo kanye, ubambe lesi sidalwa esincane esithuthumela ezandleni zakho, uzama ukulwa nawe, ungazifaka engcupheni yokuphinda ugcwalise izinhlu zabanyoni. Kungani ungibuza kabi kanjena? Isibonelo, ubaba wenqabela ukubamba izinyoni esengumntwana ngoba naye ngokwakhe wayenobunzima “bokugula” nazo, esehlise kusuka kubafundi abahle kakhulu, waba kabili, waba izicucu, cishe wacishe wahlala esikoleni unyaka wesibili.

Ubaba waqala wabaleka esikoleni eyohlola izingibe zakhe, wabe eseqala ukweqa isikole ngokuphelele. Esikhundleni sesikole, wabalekela endaweni eyihlane eyothatha okwegolide. Ngakho-ke, ngikucebisa ukuthi ufunde izindaba zeMikhail Prishvin - "Goldfinch-turlukan", uzofunda imininingwane eminingi ewusizo mayelana nale nyoni ehlakaniphile neqhoshayo, nokuthi bazizingela kanjani izingulule zegolide nokuthi bacula kahle kanjani. Landa noma ufunde indaba kaMikhail Prishvin "Goldfinch-turlukan." Ungabona futhi ividiyo - ukuthi ungazibamba kanjani izingcwecwe zegolide , isezansi kwekhasi.

IGoldfinches yayihlala endlini yethu kusukela ngesikhathi engizikhumbula ngaso. Ekwindla, kungenzeka ukuthi babevele emakethe, lapho ubaba engazange abambe nami izigaxa zegolide, yize amaphiko nokugoba kwekheji kwakuhlala kugcinwe esibayeni. Ebusika, babehlala emakhejini ebanzi, kwesinye isikhathi endaweni yezindiza; i-twitter yabo yayingikhumbuza njalo ngehlobo. Ngentwasahlobo, base bevele bakha imbewu ezandleni zabo, futhi bandiza ngokukhululeka endlini, bekhuphukela ekhejini kuphela ebusuku. Kepha entwasahlobo into ethokozise kakhulu yaqala, ikheji eline-Carduelis lalengiswa emgaqweni, kwavulwa umnyango, kepha i-carduelis ayindulanga yaze yaqhamuka umhlambi wabafowabo, umhlambi wandiza ngokunembile lapho befika.

Kwakumnandi kakhulu ukubukela izingcwecwe zethu zegolide zifuna umngane womshado. Bangena phakathi komhlambi nekheji, bahola umbhangqwana baya emgodini wabo, babaleka, kepha babuyela kusihlwa. Kuthathe amasonto amabili, kepha into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu, mhlawumbe hhayi kuphela i-Carduelis yethu yasekhaya, kepha nezingane zabo sezivele zivakashile.

Uyayazi i-goldfinch, inyoni enempikiswano emangazayo ngokumangazayo, enothando, ekuqaleni, njenge-siskin, engathandi ukuhlala ekudingisweni, inobuhlakani, ikhetha umholi iphakethe futhi imlalela ngokuphelele. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Goldfinch kwakuyinyoni ethembekile enkosini yayo, ikwazi ukumbona futhi yathola ikhaya layo, njengejuba lomthwali.

Ngakho-ke, ngincoma ukuthi ufunde ngokunye futhi izindaba ngobuqotho beShcheglova, ungayikhipha futhi uyifunde. Ngineqiniso ukuthi ngeke ashiye ukunganaki noma imuphi umntwana noma umdala. Mina uqobo lwangihlaba umxhwele le ndaba emayelana nama-Carduelis izinsuku eziningana, ngakhumbula ubuntwana bami yingakho nganquma ukubhala phansi izinkumbulo zami.

Ukungezelwa okuncane kwalabo abathathe isinqumo sokuthola le nyoni, izidumbu ziqala ukucula ngokudingiswa ngokushesha, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, ekuqaleni kuthule futhi kungaqiniseki, njengokuthi ukuklabalasa noma ukuqhekeka, bese kukhulu kakhulu, futhi kukujwayele ngokuphelele futhi kukubona, bakhipha yonke intela, izingoma ezinjengezingoma.

Izinyoni zakwaCarduelis zikuqonda kahle ukuqanjwa kwezwi nothando lapho zixoxa nabo. Banjengepharrots, bangangena engxoxweni yakho futhi bazame ukumemeza phansi i-TV. Kungcono ukugcina izingqimba zegolide ngazinye, futhi uma uthatha isinqumo sokwenza umbhangqwana futhi uqukethe izingcwecwe zegolide ekhejini linye, qiniseka ukuthi uhlela ama-feeders amabili neziphuzo ezimbili, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulwa phakathi kwe-carduelis hhayi ukuthi kugwenywe. Akukhathalekile ukuthi zingamaduna amabili e-Carduelis noma owesilisa nowesifazane, insikazi igcinwe emgodini owodwa nowesilisa, ngesizathu esithile iba namandla ngokwengeziwe, kungcono ukugcina amakheji amabili okugcina lezi zinyoni futhi uzigcine kude.