Umndeni onenkanyezi unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-32 kanti imbalwa kuphela kuzo ezingabanikazi bezindebe eziphuzi ngezinga elithile noma kolunye.

Buffalo okukhishwa inkanyezi
Igama lale nyoni lizikhulumela lona: uqhwaku lwakhona oqinile uhlala unombala ophuzi, kanti ingxenye engenhla ngokwayo ihlanjululwa ibomvu kancane. Njengomthetho, inyoni enjalo inobude obungafika emasentimitheni angama-21, futhi isisindo sisukela kumagremu angama-55-69. Lonke iplamu lihlukaniswe njengezindawo ezinemibala: ikhanda limnyama ngandlela thile, ingaphezulu lomzimba limdaka onsundu, isigaba somsila siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, engxenyeni engenhla yesifuba kukhanya ngombala onsundu, kanti ingxenye yesisu imelelwe engxube yemibala ephuzi-golide kanye nophuzi. Ensimini yaseRussia, izithombo zezinkanyezi ezikhokhiswa ngomphuzi azitholakali, kunalokho zingabakhileyo e-Afrika naseSinegal.

Izinkanyezi ezimpunga
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo - i-grey starling - zinombala ohambelana negama lawo ezingxenyeni zesisu nezangaphakathi, kodwa ekhanda, ngaphezu kwezimpaphe ezimnyama, ezimhlophe nazo zingatholakala. Zinezindebe eziphuzi eziwolintshi ezinesiphetho esimnyama. Izinsikazi ezimpunga zikhanya kakhulu kunabesilisa balolu hlobo.

Inkanyezi ejwayelekile
Izinhlobo ezivame kunazo zonke izinkanyezi ezivamile, ezaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-spar, ezincane ngosayizi. Ubude bawo ngamasentimitha ayi-18- 21, kepha isisindo sawo buyi-75 amagremu. Inkanyezi ejwayelekile inomlomo omude ngokugoba phansi, kepha ayinamandla amakhulu. Ngokuphathelene noqhwaku, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uqhwaku olujwayelekile emnyama lube ophuzi kuphela ngenkathi yokuzalanisa.

Umzila oNgcwele
Izinyoni ezinenkanyezi ezihlala eSri Lanka, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ne-India, iHimalaya. Ukuvela kwayo kukhanya impela: umbala umnyama ngokuphelele, futhi ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda kukhona izilengiso ezikhanyayo zesikhumba, imilenze nomqethu futhi ngombala weolamula. Ubukhulu bemizila buphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-30. Badla kuzo zombili izithelo nezinambuzane.

Ifaka izinguquko zonyaka

Ukushintshwa kwesizini kungabonakala futhi ngombala womlomo wezimbali. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, uqhwaku olunamandla lowesilisa luthola umbala okhanyayo ophuzi, kuyilapho kowesifazane iba umbala onsundu. Ehlobo lonke, umbala ophuzi okhanyayo woqhwaku lowesilisa uyagcinwa, kepha ekwindla uba nsundu. Ngokuqala kobusika, kancane kancane kukhanya kusuka ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni, futhi eduze kwentwasahlobo kubuyela kumbala wayo ophuzi we-lime ophuzi. Ushintsho lwesizini alubonakaliswa kuphela ngombala womlomo, kepha futhi nesikimu sombala we-plumage uqobo. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-starter molt nezimpaphe ezintsha zikhula zinamabala amhlophe emaphethelweni, ekwindla nasebusika zibonakala zimhlophe ngokwebala ngenxa yezikhumba zezimpaphe, kepha ngentwasahlobo sezibuyele kumbala wazo omnyama.

Kuyaziwa kubo bobabili abahlali bendawo nemizana, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduzane namahlathi, nabantu abahlala bephithizela. Njengomthetho, abesilisa abakhaliphile, abesilisa abesilisa abangamakhanda abamnyama, abaheha ukunakwa kwethu, nabesifazane abukeka bebukeka ngokuvamisile bavame ukunganakwa.
Habitat. Kuthunyelwe eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho ne-Afrika.

Habitat.
I-blackbird ivumelane kahle nokuphila ezimeni ezahlukahlukene. Esikhathini esidlule, wayehlala emahlathini aminyene, kepha ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi okuphoqele kuye kwamphoqa ukuthi acabangele kabusha imibono yakhe ngokuphila, futhi manje ukwazile ukuphatha ngokungesabi amapaki amadolobha nezingadi kulo lonke izwekazi laseYurophu, eneliswa iziqhingi ezincane eziluhlaza phakathi enkabeni yamadolobha amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lamanje lezinyoni ezimnyama ezihlala eduze kwabantu lidlula kakhulu inani lezinyoni ezakha amahlathi ezikhathini zangaphambili.

Izinhlobo: Blackbird - Turdus merula.
Umndeni: uBlackbird.
I-oda: Ondlunkulu.
Isigaba: Izinyoni.
I-Subtype: Ama-vertebrates.

• Akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa ama-blackbird endaweni yawo yokuhlala ebusika, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuphazamisweni kwamandla abo obuthakathaka. Izinyoni ezethukile zihamba zihamba zifuna indawo yokukhosela entsha, futhi, zisebenzisa imali enkulu kulokhu, zivame ukukhokha ngokuphila kwethu ngokunganaki.
• Uma maphakathi no-Okthoba isisindo somzimba wesikhumba esimnyama singama-93 g, bese kuthi ngoNovemba kube ngu-103 g, kuthi ngoFebhuwari sehlile sibe ngu-88 g.
• IBlackbird iyinkosi enamakhono okulingisa imisindo ehlukahlukene. Uvame ukuhlobisa i-solo yakhe yezwi ngama-whistles lapho abanikazi bebiza izinja, isikebhe samabhuleki ezimoto, amakhwela we-kettle noma izingcingo.
• Phakathi kwama-blackbird, ama-albino atholakala, imvamisa kakhulu kubantu basemadolobheni. Emadolobheni amakhulu namancane, lapho indima yezilwane ezidliwayo ekukhetheni kwemvelo incishiswa khona, izinyoni ezinamapulangwe akhanyayo kungenzeka zizale futhi zidlulisele izinhlobo zazo eziguquliwe kuyo.
• Ngokwesibalo sabantu abamnyama, kukhona ukulingana okuguqukayo phakathi kwamaqembu wezinyoni ezifudukayo nezizinzile. Imicibisholo ehleliwe ifa kaningi ebusika, kepha labo abasindayo bakhulisa amaphuphu amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iziqubu ezifudukayo, zisinda ebusika ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu, kodwa ungazalisi izingane eziningi.

Ukuzala.
Umthetho omnyama, njengomthetho, ubeka isidleke sawo esinezindebe ezinkulu ezinjengamabhomu ezihlahla, izindunduma eziminyene, imifantu ezindongeni ezindala noma izingodo zamapulangwe, futhi emadolobheni ahlala ngokuvumayo emabalconies nasezinhlinini zezindlu, ezigcekeni nasezitobhini zezitshalo ezikhuphukayo. Umnikazi ufaka isidleke kusuka otshanini obomile botshani nezimpande kusuka ngaphakathi ngobumba oluhlanganiswe nezingcezu ze-moss, futhi phansi kufakwe amabala otshani obomile. Izinsikazi zezintokazi ezihlala emahlathini zenza indawo yazo yokuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, futhi abahlali basemadolobheni - ekupheleni kukaMashi. Inani lamaqanda ku-clutch lisukela ku-4 kuye ku-7, umbala ulula okwesibhakabhaka onamachashazi ansundu. Imvamisa, owesimame kuphela ofaka ubusika izinsuku eziyi-14. Amachwane abanjiwe ahlala esidlekeni kuze kuphele amasonto amabili enakekelwa ngabazali bawo, abazidonsa ngokungakhathali ngezilwane ezincane ezingenamsoco. Njengoba ungafundanga kangako ukundiza, izimpukane ezincane zishiya isidleke, kodwa zihlale ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwabazali amanye amasonto angama-2-2 bese zihlala eduze nasekhaya, noma ngabe izinyoni ezindala sezivele zigxile ekukhathazekeni ngokuzalela okulandelayo.

Indlela yokuphila.
Izinyoni ezihlala izidleke emahlathini ziphakathi kwezinyoni ezifudukayo kanti ekwindla ziya ebusika ezimweni ezifudumele. Imibhida yedolobha, njengomthetho, iphila impilo yokuhlala phansi, yize iningi labo likuthatha njengesibusiso ukuchitha ubusika endaweni ethambile yaseningizimu. Ukubuyela ezindaweni ezidlekayo entwasahlobo, abesilisa bamemezela indawo ezungezile ngokucula kwe-melodic melodic. Kusihlwa ethule, zivame ukujabulisa izindlebe zethu ngamapheshana amnandi abukeka njengezwi elidabukisayo lomtshingo, kwesinye isikhathi liyidlulise ngemisindo ebukhali, yokugaya izwa lapho kunomsindo ophithizelayo wedolobha elikhulu. Ukudla kwamabhulukwe amnyama kucebile futhi kuhlukile. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, bazingela ngentshiseko izilwane ezincane ezingenamsoco, kuthi ekugcineni kwehlobo nasekwindla bashintshe izitshalo zokudla, badle ama-fragoli, ama-cherries, ama-cherries, i-ash ash yasezintabeni, i-blackberry kanye ne-privet enesifiso esikhethekile. Ekwindla, izinyoni zidla kakhulu ukuqoqa amafutha anele ebusika. Ngezinsuku zesithwathwa, kuthambisa ubusika ezindaweni zokudla esidlekeni zizama ukonga amandla, futhi, njengoba kunemifantu eningi, kuhlala emakhoneni kuvikeleke umoya: ikhemisi yomoya efudumele eyenziwe phakathi kwezimpaphe iyabasindisa emakhazeni.

IBlackbird - iTurdus merula
Ubude bomzimba: 24-25 cm.
I-Wingspan: 34-38.5 cm.
Isisindo: 88-100 g.
Ukuzala: i-ovipositor.
Inani lamaqanda ku-clutch: 4-7.
Isikhathi sokufakwa: izinsuku eziyi-14.
Inani lama-broods ngesizini ngayinye: 2-3.
Ukudla: ama-invertebrates amancane, izithelo, amajikijolo.

Owesifazane
Izinsimbi zamehlo. Amehlo ahlukaniswe ngamasongo amancanyana aphuzi e-orange.
Umlomo. Phansi komhlathi ophansi, uqhwaku lowesifazane lowenziwe ngombala ophuzi.
I-Plumage. Ngasemuva, ipayipi limdaka onsundu, uhlangothi lwe-ventral lubuthuntu-buffy.
Izindawo. On umphimbo okhanyayo, ibala elimnyama namachashaza ayabonakala.

Owesilisa.
Umlomo. Iduna linomlomo wonke ophuzi o-orange-red.
I-Plumage. I-plumage yesilisa imnyama monophonic, icwebezela.
Imilenze. Izinyawo zinombala onsundu, imilenze imbozwe izimpaphe ezimfishane.
Iminwe. Iminwe yinde futhi incane. Abathathu babo baqondiswe phambili, munye - emuva.

Izinhlobo ezihlobene.
IBlackbird ingeyamalungu omndeni omnyama, odume ngalezi zingoma ezaziwayo zezinyoni ezinjenge-Nightingale kanye ne-songbird. Ezinye izinhlobo zalo mndeni zithutha ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, ezinye zihlala zixazululiwe. Izinyoni ezihleliwe zivame ukwakha ngababili impilo.

Ngiqale ukudutshulwa kwama-blackbirds ngokungabaza okukhulu, noma sengineminyaka eminingi ngiphatha izithombe zezinyoni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka nezamantombazane amnyama, yize ezinye izinhlobo. Ngacabanga ukuthi ngenxa yombala wabo omnyama, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu zokukhanyisa nokuthi ukudubula kwezinyoni eziqaphile nezinamahloni ngenxa yemikhuba yazo kungahle kungathandeki futhi kungakhiqizi. Kwakudingeka ngivivinye ukukhanya, futhi konke okunye ukungabaza kuchithwe ngokwabo: ukubuka amachashazi ngesikhathi sokudutshulwa isikhathi eside, ngakuthola kuthakazelisa ngendlela engajwayelekile futhi ngikwaze nokumangaza i-ornithologist enolwazi.

Indawo yokuhlala

Isihlabelelo ayisihluphi kangako ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, futhi uhlobo lwehlathi alunendaba nakancane naye. Kepha izindawo ezihlala izidleke zitholakala eduze kwesihlahla somjunipha, noma eduze kwezihlahla ezincane zemfashini.

Ensimini yaseRussia, ingoma idonsa isidleke yonke indawo lapho kunamahlathi khona. Imvamisa bahlala ema-steppes. E-East European Plain nakwa-sub-taiga, kunabantu abangafika ku-3, 000, kanti kuyi-taiga - cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-7.

Okungenani kuzo zonke lezi zinyoni zihlala emahlathini acijile - cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezimbili. Kuze kube muva nje, izinhlobo zezingoma bezithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho abantu bengekho.

Kepha manje ziyabonakala nasemapaki amadolobha. Ngenkathi lo mkhuba ubukwa kaningi eNtshonalanga Yurophu. ESifundeni SaseMoscow, ingxenye yaseYurophu yeRussia ne-Urals, izinhlobo zezingoma zihlala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Indiza yayo ibukhali futhi iqondile. Ngasikhathi sinye, uvame ukubona izimpaphe ezinemibala ye-ocher - iphiko elinje ngaphakathi kwengaphakathi le-thrush. Ungachaza le nyoni njengengahlelekile, enamabala akhanyayo emaphikweni nasiswini.

Okumnyama owaziwa ngokuqapha kwakhe. Le subspecies ihlala eNyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, e-Asia, eningizimu yeChina kanye nasehlathini laseYurophu. Naphezu kobumfihlo bakhe, namuhla uyatholakala emadolobheni.

IBlackbird iyinyoni enakekelayo nenamahloni kakhulu

Imvamisa lawa ngamathuna, amapaki, imigwaqo engatheni. Kepha kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ama-blackbird akha izidleke ngisho nasezimbizeni zezimbali nasemakholoni. Abesilisa nabesifazane bahluke ngokuphelele. Izinsikazi zifana kakhulu nohlobo lwengoma ngombala, kuyilapho abesilisa bebemnyama ngokuphelele ngoqhwaku oluphuzi olukhanyayo.

Indawo yokuhlala kwe-thrush ebomvu-ikakhulukazi i-Asia neNyakatho Yurophu. Ngesikhathi sasebusika indizela eningizimu. Phambilini eRussia, kwakuyindawo etholakalayo, futhi uma iphindaphindwe, kwakuvame ukuba kukhulu futhi kungalindelekile.

Esithombeni, umnyama

Ngo-1901, epaki eduzane naseSt. Petersburg, kwenzeka isigameko esikhulu sabantu abaningi ababomvu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zaqala lapho futhi zaqala ukudla unyaka nonyaka. Manje le nhlobo itholakala yonke indawo eRussia, ngaphandle komzamo thatha isithombe sesibindi.

Lezi zinyoni zihlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi azesabi nakancane ukubanda. Bahlala badla kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Meyi. Lezi zinyoni zithanda izindawo ezikhanyayo, ikakhulukazi amahlathi e-birch. Badlula amahlathi e-coniferous. EKarelia, bahlela izidleke phakathi kwezihlahlana zamatshe ezinamadwala. I-Belobrovik ayinabuntu futhi ikwazi ukusebenzisa umhlaba omusha ngendlela efanele.

I-Fieldbird thrush itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseSiberia. Ukufuduka kwenziwa kuphela ebusika obunciphile obabusiya eNyakatho Afrika, eCaucasus, Kashmir, Eningizimu Yurophu naseCentral Asia. Ikhanda lomkhakha wezinkundla lipendiwe grey enamabala amnyama. Umhlane unsundu, ulula kancane kunomsila namaphiko. Isifuba sibomvu, sinamabala amnyama.

Thambisa i-Fieldberry

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

Ngokusekelwe encazelweni, izinyoni ezinjengezimnyama zingamajibberts kanye nezinyoni ezingenakuzimela ezinomlingisi onzima. Kunoma yisiphi isimo esingaqondakali, inyoni iqala ukucindezela, i-thrush iqala ukukhwaza kaningi futhi ihlabe. Esimweni esizolile, ukuqhuqha kuthule futhi kuthule, abantu bavame ukungaziboni.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi okuqabulayo kuyizinyoni ezifudukayo, azihlali zisheshana kakhulu ukwenza indiza, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zingahlala ngisho nasebusika unyaka wokuvuna nobusika obufudumele. Futhi, ezinye izinyoni ezindizayo zibhabhela ubusika zodwa, zilwa nepakethe.

Izinyoni zihlala futhi zikhulise inzalo ezidlekeni, ezakhelwe emagatsheni ezihlahla naseziphepheni, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nasemhlabathini, uma kungekho zidlova endaweni eseduze.

Nakani!

Umsoco

Ama-Blackbird izinyoni ezinhle kakhulu, indlela ezidla ngayo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesizini nendawo yokuhlala. Esikhathini esifudumele, lezi zinhlobo ziya ngokusondela emizini yabantu, izingadi nezingadi zemifino, kwesinye isikhathi eziba yikhanda elikhulu kubanikazi, abangalahlekelwa yingxenye ebalulekile yesilimo.

AmaBlackbird adla imbewu, okhalweni wasukuma ne-hawthorn, amajikijolo asentabeni, izimvemvane, izimpungushe zomhlaba, amacimbi, ezinye izinambuzane nezibungu zawo, iminenkezo, amajikijolo angadla, njengama-cherries, ama-sitrobheli, ama-cherries, ama-honeysuckles.

Izinhlobo zokubhuqa

Ensimini yaseRussia, izinhlobonhlobo zokuphonswa kukhulu kakhulu. Lezi zinyoni ezincane zingatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi ezwe lethu. Futhi ukuthola inyoni ngesikhathi somhlangano, kwanele ukujwayela izincazelo nezithombe zokuphanga.

Belobrovik

Le thrush ibizwa nangokuthi i-beaver thrush noma i-walnut. Lolu hlobo lwaluqanjwa ngenxa yezimpaphe eziphuzi eziphakeme ngaphezulu kwamehlo, ezakha “amashiya”. Lezi zinyoni zikhanya kahle ngezintiba eziphuzi ngokubomvu nokuphuzi.

Le nhlobo ihlala eNyakatho Yurophu nase-Asiya; ebusika indizela emazweni aseningizimu yomhlaba, kufaka phakathi i-Afrika.

Okumnyama

Igama lale nhlobo liyazikhulumela. I-plumage yezinyoni icishe imnyama ngokuphelele, inezingxenye ezibomvu nomlomo ogqamile. Kepha uma kuqhathaniswa nokwasemuva kwamadoda amalahle, izinsikazi zibukeka njengemoto engasasebenzi kahle.

Izinyoni ezinsundu ziyizinyoni ezinakekela kakhulu, zithanda ukuhlala zodwa futhi zithanda ukuhlala kude nezinhlobo zazo. Lolu hlobo luhlala eYurophu nasentshonalanga esentshonalanga yeRussia. Ibeka isidleke phezulu esiphakeme emiqhele yemithi, noma eduze komhlabathi uqobo.

IBlackbird nayo yaziwa ngokuba ngumculi owesabekayo.

Isaka

Le nhlobo iyaphawuleka ngomsila wayo omude nokungabikho komehluko ngombala wezinsikazi nowesilisa. Izinyoni zinesisu esimhlophe namaphiko ngaphakathi, iplamu enkulu inombala onsundu, izimpaphe zihlanjiwe ngezinti ezincane.

Izinhlobo zitholakala eCentral Europe, kanye nasezifundeni eziseningizimu phakathi nobusika.

Ama-deryabs esidlekeni semfoloko yamagatsha aphezulu awugqinsi futhi anamandla.

I-Thrush enomqala omhlophe

Lezi zinyoni zibizwa nangokuthi ama-thrushes amatshe amahlathi. I-Thrush enamabala amhlophe ehlukaniswa yincanyana yayo. Unomhlane ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ojulile nesisu esibomvu, futhi indawo enhle emhlophe igquma entanyeni yakhe.

Lolu hlobo lungatholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga yeRussia, hhayi eningizimu yeTransbaikalia. Izinyoni zidla ibanga kude nezihlobo zazo.

Lolu hlobo lwaziwa nangamathalente alo okucula.

Kubomvu

Lolu hlobo lungabizwa ngokuthi olungafani nalutho ngoba umbala ocishe ube umfaniswano onsundu, uma kungenjalo ngombala onsundu noma ompunga, utholakala kahle esiswini sonke.

Indawo yokuhlala enkulu yiSiberia eseCentral naseMpumalanga.

Ama-redbirds izidleke ezihlahleni eziphansi noma ezihlahleni.

Lwela insimu

Imvamisa, abensundu kufanele bavikele izidleke zabo namachwane ezigwababa ezizama ukonakalisa isidleke noma ukweba amaqanda. Ama-squirrel, izikhova kanye namasela nakho kuyingozi ezinyoni.

Ama-Blackbird izivikeli ezihle kakhulu hhayi ezenzalweni zawo kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, ezinjengamanani, ahlala eduze nokuthambisa.

Incazelo nezici zezinyoni ezinyakazayo

Kukhona inyoni eyodwa emhlophe enebala lesigcawu, ubukhona bethu esikwaziyo kwasebusheni - inyoni eshisayo. Sekukonke, lo mndeni wama-Passerines unezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-62, zazo ezingama-20 zazo zihlala endaweni yase Russia. Kucatshangelwe ukuthandwa kakhulu ingoma thokozani ngobude bomzimba obungu-25 cm nobunzima obufinyelela ku-100 g.

Lo mculi othandekayo nomthandayo wamajikijolo asetshenziswa kubhekwe kuye ngqo njengenyama yehlathi. Kepha usetshenziswa kakhulu ebukhoneni bomuntu oseceleni kwakhe ukuthi manje ungezwa ama-thrush ecula hhayi emahlathini kuphela, kepha nasendaweni yezigcawu zasemadolobheni.

Thambisa i-Fieldberry

Kuyamangaza kakhulu ukucula kwakhe ekuseni nakwezolile. Kunezikhathi lapho i-blackbird icula khona ngisho nasebusuku. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi iningi labathandi bomculo waphawula ngamadolo angama-20 ekuculeni kwakhe, futhi lokhu kungaphezu kwalokhu sonke okudumile nge-Nightingale.

Amachwane asanda kuzalwa enza i-thrush icule kakhulu ngomculo. Kukhona ama-trillic angama-85 ku-repertoire of thrushes, ongayilalela ngokungapheliyo futhi ngentokozo.

Okumnyama

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa ukuqoshwa kwale miculo ukuze baphumule futhi bazindle. IDrozdov kunzima ukuyisho ukuthi izinyoni ezihlala zodwa noma ezifuyayo. Bazizwa bekhululekile kuzo zonke izimo.

I-songbird ingahlukaniswa hhayi ngokucula kwayo okumangazayo, kepha nangombala. Ngasemuva kanye nomsila we-feathery brown ngesiliva linqobayo. Esifubeni, amathunzi aphuzi namabala ansundu ayabonakala.

Isihlabelelo

Indawo engaphansi kwamaphiko enezimbambo ipendiwe ngombala obomvu. Akukho mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane bale nhlobo yezinyoni. Izinyoni ezincane zihlukaniswa umbala wazo ongashiwongo.

Kune-blackbird enegama elingaziwa elithi belobrovik. Kepha kufanele simhlolisise futhi kuba sobala ukuthi kungani abizwa kanjalo. Esithebeni, indawo engenhla kwamehlo ihlotshiswe ngamashiya amhlophe, okwenza inyoni ingagcini ngokuba muhle, kodwa futhi ibonakale kalula.

Esithombeni kunombala omnyama

Umhlane wakhe ungumnqumo ngombala onsundu, ubeka ngaphansi kwamaphiko nezinhlangothi zenyoni ngamathunzi abomvu. Okumnyama upende ngokuphelele omnyama. Umlomo owodwa ngesizinda sepende lamawolintshi amnyama. Le nyoni cishe ihlakaniphe kunazo zonke izihlobo zayo.

Umbala womlotha wentaba we-thrush emuva unsundu. Isisu saso kanye nezansi zamaphiko kumhlophe, kanti nomsila namaphiko ansundu omnyama, kwesinye isikhathi amnyama amnyama. Imibala ehlukahlukene ibonakala ezinhlangothini nase esifubeni.

Ukugqabhuka kweMotley kunenhloko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izimpaphe nomsila we-feathery zinombala wewolintshi. Nasemuva komucu omhlophe onamabala kubonakala kahle. Ngenkathi ebusika, amathoni e-motley orenji anyamalala kumbala wenyoni, inyoni iphenduka impunga ngokuphelele.

Umbala wendwangu yesaka esiswini mhlophe ngamachashazi. Lawo futhi amaphiko akhe avela ngezansi. Le thrush inomsila omude omncane kunazo zonke ezinye izihlobo. Abesifazane akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukwahlukanisa kwabesilisa.

Embala we-bluebirds wesilisa ophethwe ngamathoni ampunga-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umsila wazo namaphiko amnyama. Umbala lowesifazane onsundu. Izinyoni zinemilenze emide impela, zihamba zibonga ngqo. Indiza yezinyoni nayo iqondile futhi ishesha.

Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi amantombazane amnyama ahamba kanjani emhlabathini. Baqale ukugoqa, bese bayakhonkotha. Lapho igxuma, ikhanda lenyoni lele eceleni kwalo. Kulesi sikhundla, inyoni izama ukubamba imisindo engaphandle kwezitha ezingenzeka noma icabangele inyamazane ngokwayo, ngoba amehlo ezinyoni abekwe ezinhlangothini.

I-Thrush enomqala omhlophe

Kuvuliwe isithombe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ucabangele wonke ubuhle bomsindo. Konke kungokwemvelo ngokwengeziwe futhi muhle ngokukhanya kwangempela. Futhi uma ukucula kwakhe okungajwayelekile nokungenakuqhathaniswa kujoyina ubuhle obuthambile balowo onezinwele, uba nothando ngaye lapho uqala ukumbona. Chaza inyoni edonswayo ngamagama ambalwa - ukucula, hhayi okhangayo, kodwa ngokumangazayo inyoni enhle.

Isithombo kanye neningi labantu

Izinyoni ezinsundu izinyoni ezinesithembu ezihlangana isizini eyodwa kuphela. Iziduna ziletha ubuhle obukhulu kakhulu ukuheha izintokazi. Ngemuva kokutholwa kwalombhangqwana, aqala ukwakhiwa kwesidleke esincane samawele namahlumela.

I-Nest ihlelwe ngemigodi, amafoloko wamagatsha, ezimpondweni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi emhlabathini. Ngaphandle, isidleke siqiniswa ngobumba, kanti ingaphakathi limbozwe ngeminyene, i-fluff kanye nezimpaphe ezincane.

Imvamisa, ama-thrushes enza umhluzi owodwa noma emibili phakathi nenkathi; i-clutch ngayinye ingaba namaqanda amancane ayisithupha. Insikazi ibamba iqanda okwejwayelekile amasonto amabili.

Amachwane ane-metabolism enhle kakhulu futhi akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yabazali bawo, akuwona wonke umuntu osindayo aze ashiye isidleke. Lo mcimbi wenzeka ngesonto lesibili lempilo yezinyoni ezincane ezimnyama. Abazali banakekela amachwane aze azimele ngokuphelele.

Amaphaphu we-thrush maningi impela, izinhlobo eziningi ziya emihlambini emikhulu, kepha kukhona labo abathanda ukuba bodwa. AmaBlackbird asehlale iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Emvelweni, kubhangiswa izimbotshana zezimnyama kuphela isizini eyodwa. Izikhungo zezidleke zezinyoni zingabonakala ngo-Ephreli. Bancamela isimo sezulu esifudumele esivele sakhiwe. Ukuze ahehe insikazi, owesilisa uqala itrill enhle enhle.

Amaqanda asensimini

Lo mbhangqwana owakhiwe ndawonye uzibophezele ekuthuthukisweni kwasekhaya nokwabo nenzalo esizayo. Ngokuvamile, esidlekeni sazo, izinyoni zikhetha imbobo yesihlahla, i-hummock, i-hemp noma igatsha le-shrubbery. Kwesinye isikhathi ungahlangana nezidleke zazo maphakathi nomhlaba.

Izidleke ezinamafutha amakhulu zincane. Ekhiqizweni kwazo, izinyoni zisebenzisa amahlumela. Uhlangothi olungalungile luhlala luqiniswa ngobumba. Ingaphakathi layo lonke limbozwe ngotshani obuthambile, i-fluff, i-moss noma izimpaphe.

Umama ukhipha amachwane akhe

Kwesinye isikhathi ama-thrushes enza ukubekwa kweqanda ama-2 ngesizini. Ngakho-ke kuvela ngenxa yesikhathi sokufakwa kwamaqanda amaningi. Ngenxa yesifiso esihle sokudla, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zithola inani elanele lezakhamzimba, ngakho-ke zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.

Imvamisa, insikazi ibekela amaqanda afinyelela kwayi-6. Kepha akuzona zonke izingane ezikwazi ukusinda. Owesilisa nowesifazane bababopha nabo izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamachwane, ukunakekelwa kokuzondla nakho kuwela emahlombe abo bobabili abazali.

Isihlahla somthi

Kakade ngesonto lesibili lezimpilo zabo, amaphuphu asuka kancane esidlekeni sawo. Namanje abazi kahle ukuthi bangandiza kanjani, kepha bakhombisa imisebenzi eyanele futhi sebekwazi ukuzitholela ukudla kwabo.

Isikhathi eside, amaphuphu aseceleni kwabazali bawo kuze kube yilapho esejwayela ngokuphelele impilo yokuzimela. AmaBlackbird ahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-17.

Incazelo emfushane yokuzibhuqa

Ama-Blackbirds ama-Passeriformes. Ubukhosi babizwa izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili. Zonke zihlukile komunye ngokubukeka, ngosayizi nangendawo yokuhlala. AmaBlackbird abahlabeleli abadumile futhi babhekwa njengabahlali basehlathini. Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwezinyoni selunokuzijabulisa kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho luhlala ezindaweni eziluhlaza zasemadolobheni. Kusihlwa nasekuseni amahora, abantu basedolobheni banethuba lokujabulela ukuculwa kwezinyoni eziculayo. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo noma intwasahlobo, izinyoni ziyahlabelela ngisho nasebusuku.

Izinyoni zihlukaniswa ngumzimba omncanyana nomlomo omncane onamandla. Zinezinzipho eziqinile, futhi ubude bomzimba zingasukela ku-17 ziye ku-28 cm. Isisindo senyoni singase sehluke, isisindo sincike ezinhlotsheni, singaba esukela ku-85 kuye kuma-110 amagremu. Ukubukeka nombala nakho kungahluka ngokuya ngezinhlobo. Ku-plumage yezinhlobo eziningi kukhona amabala ansundu kanye ansundu. Umbala othobekile kunazo zonke wezimpaphe umnyama, kanti ne-thrush yamatshe ihlukaniswa ngamapulangwe ayo akhanya kakhulu. Sinomsila ohamba phambili kakhulu, uma umsila usika, lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-alamu nengozi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezindwangu ezimnyama ezingagcinwa ekhaya ekhejini:

• ecula
• mnyama.

E-Russia kunezinhlobo zemvelo ezingaba ngu-2, kodwa Okuvame kakhulu yilezi:

Sekukonke kunezinhlobo ezingama-62 zezimnyama emhlabeni, eziningi zazo zihlala e-Asia, eMelika naseYurophu. Izinyoni zihamba ngokuthakazelisa kakhulu, ziyagxuma futhi zigwaze ngasikhathi sinye. Abahlabeleli banamahloni, bayasebenza futhi bahlakaniphile. Iminyaka yabo yokuphila iyiminyaka eyi-17.

Ingabe inyoni ebusika noma izinyoni ezulazulayo?

Lezi zinyoni zithathwa njengezifudukayo, kepha ukuhamba kwazo ebusika kunwetshwa ngesikhathi. Le nto yenzeka ngokungenakuphikiswa. Entwasahlobo, babuya ngemihlambi emincane noma bebodwa. Ngokuqala kukaSepthemba, izimpikiswano ziqala ukundiza ziye ezimpini ezifudumele. Eminyakeni ethelayo, izinyoni zingandiza kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinhlobo ezinjengomlotha wentaba zingahlala ebusika uma kukhona amajikijolo amaningi ezindaweni ahlala kuzo. Ubusa ubusika e-Afrikaeningizimu ye-Asia naseningizimu yeYurophu. Ngemuva kokuqala ubusika, babuyela ngenyanga ka-Ephreli.

Bangakha izidleke ngisho nasemhlabathini, bangahlala ezimpondweni nasezihlahleni. Imvamisa izinza emigodini, ezinqwabeni zokhuni oluhlaza kanye nezimpande zezihlahla eziwile. Izinyoni zihlala zizama ukwenza isidleke ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kwabazingeli.

Amachwane ama-Thrush angazala kabili ngonyaka. Insikazi ifukamela amaqanda ama-3-7. Ngenxa yombala wayo, insikazi icishe ingabonakali esidlekeni. Ngenkathi umama wesikhathi esizayo ehleli kumenzi wobumbano, kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa angamfaka esikhundleni, isikhashana. Amakati avele angasizi ngalutho ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, adinga ukunakekelwa kwabazali ngempela. Umama nobaba zondle ngamajikijolo nezinambuzane. Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwamachwane kuzoncika ekutheni inhlanhla kangakanani yeduna. Kungaba:

• amajikijolo
• ama-mollusks
• izibungu
• izintuthwane
• slugs
• amasele
• izibankwa.

Izindiza eziya ezifundeni ezifudumele eziseduze kwe-thrushes zenzeka ebusuku kabili ngonyaka - entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Uma indlu inesikhumba esimnyama ekhejini, khona-ke izinyoni ngalesi sikhathi ziziphatha ngokungenankathalo ebusuku. Bahlala njalo gxuma usuka kwe-perchfuthi agxume phansi. Ngokukhathazeka kwabo, benza umsindo.

Lapho izinyoni ziphilile futhi zinesimo esihle, ziyasebenza kakhulu. Ama-Blackbirds adla kakhulu, aselula, ageza ngokuzithandela futhi angahleki. Izimpaphe zazo azonakalisiwe, uqhwaku lwazo namehlo ahlanzekile.

Ukubonakala kwabanenwele

Le nyoni inyoniwe imele umndeni we-blackbird okuyi-Passeriformes ye-oda. Okubonakaliswe ngaphakathi kuye kunamahloni kunalokho, umlingiswa wakhe awunakuphinda, unomsindo futhi unomsindo.

Ubukhulu bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-28 ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni. Uqhwaku luqinile, ngenxa yokuthi inyoni iluma ngokuthula ekudleni okuminyene nokuqinile. Umzimba unciphile, unama-paws amancane aqinile nomsila ophakeme, uvumela i-thrush ukuthi indize amabanga amade. Isisindo sale nyoni siyehluka kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-90 amagremu, kuya ngeminyaka nobudala obungakanani.

Izinhlobo zezinwele ezinhle

Ama-Ornithologists anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 zezinhlobo zezikhumba ezimnyama, sizochaza ezithandwayo.

I-thrush ezulazulayo - amaphiko, ikhanda, emuva kanye nomsila grey, kusondele kumnyama, kepha isifuba nesisu zibomvu ngamacebo wewolintshi. Intamo imhlophe, inebala elimnyama, amehlo ahlotshiswe ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe.

I-red-beled-belle thrush - ngaphezu kwesisu nokugqwala okumhlophe, inyoni inombala onsundu ikakhulu, kanti uqhwaku luphuzi.

Ama-sham-thrushes ama-White-lumbar anesisindo esincane somzimba - amagremu angama-30. I-plumage imnyama ecwebezelayo, uhlangothi olungaphandle lomsila lumhlophe. Ezilwaneni ezincane, amabala akhanyayo ayabonakala esifubeni.

Ummeleli ojwayelekile (ohlabelelayo) womndeni onekhanda le-chocolate-grey kanye nomhlane. Izinhlangothi zakhe ziphuzi, isifuba sakhe sinamachashaza amnyama.

Okungenani i-songbird ingatholakala iblackbird. Izimpaphe zensikazi ziba beige nge-tinge ebomvu, kepha abesilisa babukeka njengedada - elinamasiba amnyama.

Ezinye izinhlobo

I-thrush ehlanganisiwe igqamile ngesikhathi sokuzalela: ikhanda liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isisu nomsila kukhona o-orenji, emuva kuhlotshiswe ngentambo emhlophe. Ngezinye izikhathi zonyaka, i-plumage iba mpunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Empunga ihlukaniswa izimpaphe ezimpunga okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni, amaphiko nomsila wale nyoni zimnyama. Owesifazane onsundu onamabala amnyama akabonakali ngokuphelele kwabazingelayo.

Impilo yasensimini - iplamu lixubekile, ngaphandle komsila omude omnyama nesisu esimhlophe.

I-Plain thrush ne-red-brows zifana komunye nomunye. Umbala grey nge-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isisu sikhaphukhaphu, imilenze i-beige emnyama. Ezinyamazana nasezinsikazi, izimpaphe zisondela ethunzini lomnqumo, imilenze nezimpiko zi-orange-orange.

Ummeleli (Nottinghamshire) omelele we-blackbird uhlala engadini yegama elifanayo. Le nyoni ilahlekelwe ngumbala omnyama, yingakho imhlophe ngokuphelele.

Imikhuba engathandeki yezikhumba zabansundu

Ukuhlakazeka emihlambini, ukujikijela kuyakwazi ukuxosha isitha (ngokwesibonelo, i-buzzard), kuzungeze inyamazane futhi kuyicubungule ngokulahla kwayo. Izimpaphe zinamathele ndawonye, ​​futhi isitha siyawa. Kunamanye amaqiniso angajwayelekile ngalezi zinyoni:

· I-thrush ihamba kuphela ngokuxhuma, ukuqaqamba kancane.

I-Deryaba ifana kakhulu nengubo yesangoma yokuthi bavame ukudideka.

· Umndeni we-thrush unesibindi, kepha uhlakaniphile futhi uqaphile.

· I-thrush emnyama nengoma yayiqanjwa ngegama elithi "nightingale". Akunakwenzeka ukuchaza "amagama" ngengoma, njengakwezinyoni zezingoma eziningi. Ukucula kukhulunywa kakhulu ekuqaleni kokusa, ngezwi elincane, eliphansi neliphansi.

Inyoni efudukayo: indiza ihlala nini futhi kuphi

Ngenkathi efudumele, ama-thrushes atholakala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zeRussia, i-Europe, iSiberia. Ebusika, inyoni iphuma endlini ithuthele eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia. Le nkathi iqala ngesimo sezulu sokuqala esibandayo, ikakhulukazi ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba, kwezinye izifunda nasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ubuyela ezweni lakubo ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele nesomile sizinza.

Ungahlangana nabanezinwele e-Australia. Ngokumangazayo, ngaphambi kokuvela kwabantu ezwenikazi, inyoni ibingahlali lapho. Yalethwa amatilosi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, futhi esikhathini sethu manje i-thrush itholakala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba omusha ngisho naseNew Zealand.

Ngingahlangana kuphi ne-thrush nendlela yakhe yokuphila

Izinyoni eziningi zihlala emahlathini aqobayo noma ahlanganisiwe, kepha ungazithola futhi nasezindaweni eziluhlaza zasemadolobheni. Iminyaka eminingi bajwayele umphakathi futhi abesabi abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idolobha ligcwele ukudla okuhlukahlukene.

Umsila omude namaphiko aqinile uwavumela ukuba ahambele amabanga amade. Yize inyoni ithanda ukushisa, kunzima ukubekezelela ukushisa okwedlulele, ngakho-ke yakha izidleke ezindaweni ezimnyama, zivikelekile elangeni. Abalingani abancane bahlala emaqeleni, lapho phakathi nosuku bahlangana emaphaketheni elangeni. Kwesinye isikhathi zingabonakala ema-birch groves, okuvame kakhulu emahlathini e-coniffort.

Ama-blackbird adlani emvelweni?

Imenyu ye-thrush ihlukahlukene, kepha ngokuvamile kuya ngesizini yonyaka. Ebusika, bathola amajikijolo, izithelo ezindala nembewu ngokwazo. Uma kunokudla okuningi endaweni yendawo, ama-thrush awandize futhi ebusika.

Ehlobo, i-thrush iyisitha esibi kakhulu kubahlali behlobo. Emasimini abantu, udla ama-sitrobheli, ama-currant, ama-raspberry, ama-honeysuckle, ama-cherries kanye nama-apricots. Le nyoni ingabonakala kuklabishi, amazambane nakwezinye izilimo. Okumnandi kakhulu yizibungu, izibungu nokunye ukudla kwamaprotheni.

Ukudlekwa kwezinyoni nokuzalela

Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, insikazi yakhela isidleke ezihlahleni eziseduze komhlabathi, izihlahlana, otshanini obude, iziqu ezindala ngisho nasemhlabathini. Izinto zokwakha - amagatsha amadala owomile, amaqabunga, i-fluff, i-moss, i-lichen kanye nobumba ukuthembeka.

Isikhathi sokuzala sihlala ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa ufaka insikazi kuze kube kabili. Ngesiphetho esisodwa, amaqanda ayisithupha e-blue or greenish hue abekwa. Owesilisa uletha ukudla kothandekayo amasonto amabili, kanti yena ubamba inzalo.

Ngemuva kokuqothuka kwezingane, bobabili abazali bazilethela ukudla okuhlukile kuze kube izikhathi ezingama-200 ngosuku. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, isizukulwane esisha siyakhethwa futhi siqala ukufunda ukuzimela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokudabukisayo, isigamu sabantu siyashona, kusale okunamandla kakhulu.

Ama-Blackbirds ekhaya: ukuhlela ikheji nemenyu

Yize le nyoni ingekholeki futhi inamahloni, isawela emanethini abantu.

Ukwenza i-thrush ikhululeke, hlela indlu ebanzi. Ikheji elinomthamo okungenani wamamitha, lenziwe ngoqalo omncane noma ngezinduku zokhuni. Hlunga phansi ngepani elijulile, ugcwalise ngamanzi ahlanzekile nsuku zonke ukugeza nokuphuza. Ntambama, ikheji kufanele lidluliselwe emoyeni omusha, endaweni lapho kunelanga nomthunzi omncane. Ukushisa inyoni ngokweqile akufanele kuvunyelwe.

Khumbula ukuthi izinyoni zithanda imvelo. Ungayinciphisi i-thrush yenkululeko, iya ehlathini noma e-zoo futhi ujabulele isidalwa esihle.

Ukunikeza ukudla kuma-thrushes kungcono ngosizo lwama-feeder afakiwe.Ukudla, amajikijolo, izithelo zasensimini, kanye namaprotheni ngendlela yezinambuzane: izibungu, izibungu nezikelemu kuyafaneleka.

Uzosisiza kakhulu uma wabelana nge-athikili kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana nomphakathi kanye nokunye. Ngiyabonga ngalokho.

Bhalisela isiteshi sethu.

Funda ezinye izindaba ku-bird House.