Umlayezo admin »Feb 16, 2011 7:41 AM
I-boa enamakhanda inja yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1758 nguCarlos Linnaeus, obize lesi sihlahla esihle kangaka i-boa Boa canina. Ufike ku-Corusus yohlobo lwe-genus ngoba ama-boas asanda kuzalwa alolu hlobo lobuciko anombala nephethini efana neyama-corals. I-Caninus - kusukela eqinisweni lokuthi ukwakheka kwekhanda nezingxenye ezingemva kwesizalo, kanye namazinyo amade kakhulu emhlathini ongenhla kufana nenja.
Kuze kube ngu-2009, izinhlobo zeCorallus Caninus zazihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili: i-boa yaseSurinamese enekhanda (i-English Guyana Shield Emerald Tree Boa) ne-Amazonia enekhanda inja i-boa (i-English Amazon Basin Emerald Tree Boa).
Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2009, i-boa yase-Amazoni ephethwe yizinja yahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezihlukile zeCorallus batesii [Henderson].
Indawo yokuhlala kweSurinamese izinhloko-zinja ezihlanganisa iGuyana, iSuriname, iFrench Guiana, ingxenye yeVenezuela (iBolivar, iAmazon), ingxenye yeBrazil (enyakatho neRio Amazonas nasenyakatho nasempumalanga yeRio Negro: Ampala, Para, Roraima, Amazonas).
Ama-boas aphethwe izinja e-Amazonia ajwayelekile esifundeni sase-Amazon eningizimu yeSuriname, eningizimu neGuyana, ukusuka eningizimu yeVenezuela kuya eColombia, Peru naseBrazil, ehlathini elizungeze umfula.
Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukaniswe yendawo ye-boa enamakhanda enja ngokwe-morphology, solidosis, temperament, umbala kanye nephethini.
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I-Amazonia enenhloko ye-boa (Corallus batesii) i-Suriname inhloko-inja ye-boa (Corallus caninus)
I-Constinamese ekhanda inhloko ekhanda inombala omncane futhi yinde kune-Amazonia ekhanda inhloko enombala oluhlaza olukhanyayo namabala amhlophe emuva angaxhumekile. Ama-boas aphethwe yizinja eSuriname avame kakhulu ekudingisweni. Imvamisa mihle, kepha ibe nesithunzi esingahlali sathunzi sohlaza. Isikali ebusweni bukhulu futhi ijamo lephethini liyashintsha. Isisu simhlophe noma simhlophe ngombala. Ama-boas aphethwe yizinja zaseSurinamese afinyelela ku-cm angama-120-180. Ngokwesimilo, ngokuvamisile azinayo futhi zizinzile kunama-boaz ase-Amazonia aphethwe yizinja.
Ku-Amazonia ophethwe inja, umbala wesisu uvame ukuba ophuzi noma ompunga uphuzi ngombala, umzimba uluhlaza okotshani bese umakiwe umucu omhlophe ngemuva. Unxantathu omhlophe ogqamile uphuma kule strip, bese welula umzimba wonke kuya esiswini. Imivimbo imvama ukuba mnyama. I-Amazonia-ekhanda inhloko likhulu kakhulu kune-boya enamakhanda enja iSurinamese - ubukhulu bayo bungafinyelela isilinganiso esingu-275 cm.
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Abesilisa abadala be-Amazonia Sagittarius Boa (Corallus batesii)
Re: I-Amazonia Eqondiswe Inja Boa (Corallus batesii, ex. Corallus caninus) Umhlahlandlela wokuqukethwe
Umlayezo Elena »Aprili 20, 2011 1: 31 am
Ama-boas aphethwe inja e-Amazonia mhlawumbe ama-boas athambile futhi abucayi kakhulu atholakala ekudingisweni. Lawa amatsheyini wemvelo angempela, futhi uma agcinwa kahle, angaba ngumvuzo wangempela kumniniwo.
Lezi zilwane azikubekezeleli amaphutha omfuyi, futhi ukuthengwa kwazo akufanele kube okuphoqayo - kuphela ukutholwa okucatshangwe kahle, okuhleliwe.
Imininingwane engezansi isifinyezo sesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi sokugcinwa ngempumelelo nokuzala kwama-Amazonia aphethwe yizinja yi-Amazon Basins, LLC (www.amazonbasins.com).
Kepha umqoqi kusadingeka ukuthi aqhubeke nokuhlola futhi avivinye ngokucophelela izimo lapho ama-boas asezinhlanzini e-Amazonia agcinwa khona ukuze athole umbono onembile wokuthi yikuphi okulungele isilwane.
Umgomo oqondisayo kulokhu ukuqapha izilwane njalo, ukusebenza kwazo nezenzo zazo, ukuthi zisabela kahle kanjani ezimweni nemibandela ehlukahlukene. Ukulondolozwa okulungile kwanoma yisiphi isilwanyana esidliwayo esinamaphiko kususelwa ekuguqukeni okungapheli kwezimo zokuphila ngokuya ngezidingo eziguqukayo zezilwane, njengoba zikhula futhi zikhula.
Enye yezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekudingisweni okuphumelelayo kwe-boa enekhanda le-boa (futhi futhi noma yisiphi esinye isilwane esidliwayo) ukuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala enzinzile, engacindezeli, nenhlanzeko. Izici zobuhle nokukhululeka kwesondlo azibaluleki kangako kunempilo nenhlala kahle yezilwane zasekhaya.
Sikholelwa ukuthi ukunciphisa noma ngisho nokuqeda izingcindezi kuyisimo esibucayi sokulungiswa ngempumelelo nokuzala kabusha ekudingisweni kwama-boas aphethwe yizinja. Ukucindezela kungadala ukuphambuka kusuka kumanani afanele wemvelo lapho isilwane sitholakala khona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umthamo we-terrarium, ukuntuleka komqondo wokuphepha, ukwephulwa kwezimo zokushisa, isikhathi sokuthatha izithombe, izinga lomswakama kanye nokuntuleka kwenhlanzeko. Ubukhulu nokuvama kokuphakelwa nakho kuyinto ebalulekile, ehambisana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane zakho zenza umsebenzi owanele womzimba.
Ezinye izindlela zethu zehlukile kunalezo ezisetshenziswa ngabazalisi baseMelika. Sikhuluma ngokukhululekile ngalezi zindlela futhi sizithuthukise njalo ethembeni lokuvusa ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemibono yokwakha izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokugcina amabombo aphethwe yizinja. Futhi futhi ukuze inani lama-terrariums aqukethe ngempumelelo lezi zidalwa ezinhle kakhulu lenyuka.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwemvelo ozama ukulenza kabusha ku-terrarium, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlelo lusebenze ngokuphelele futhi lungasebenzi ngaphambi kokuthi isilwane sifakwe kulo. Eqa umswakama kanye lokushisa kungadala izifo zokuphefumula noma izinkinga moult in boa lakho-inhloko.
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I-Amazonia-ephethwe yiBoa (Corallus batesii)
Ngokomlando, abaqoqi abaningi bama-boakes aphethwe yizinja babezigcina zisezindawo zokuhlanzeka ezihlanzekile ezinezichibi ezakhiwe ngaphansi ukuze zilondoloze umswakama ophezulu. Lokhu kwenziwa ngombono wokulingisa imvelo engokwemvelo lapho ama-boas aphethwe izinja ahlala khona emvelweni, ngokwesibonelo, esihlahleni esiseAmazon.
E-terrarium enjalo, ama-boas aphethwe yizinja ayaphoqelelwa ukuthi aqhubeke ukuhlala kubha yawo futhi aphuze amanzi lapho enza khona ukungcola. Sicabanga ukuthi umklamo onjalo we-terrarium akuyona isinqumo esihle kulezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
1. Inja-enekhanda le-boa constrictor - izilwane ezigcina imfihlo ngokufihlakala okumangalisayo eluhlaza ngamathoni amhlophe. Ukuphoqelela ukuhlala endaweni evulekile e-terarium esobala kubangela ukucindezela okukhulu ezilwaneni.
2. Isidingo sokuhlala njalo phezu kwesiphambano, ngoba yonke indawo yaphansi kwethangi iyichibi lamanzi - omunye umthombo wokucindezela. Zonke izilwane zethu ngezikhathi ezithile zehla zisuka emagatsheni ziye phansi kwethrafti, ikakhulukazi uma zisebenza ebusuku. Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zivame ukuchitha usuku lonke, futhi kwezinye izimo sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa phansi.
3. Iqiniso lokuthi umuntu ophikisana naye nge-boa uphoqelelwa ukuthi aphuze amanzi echibini elilodwa azithela kulo kuyindlela eya enhlekeleleni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi echibini le-back-to-back plexiglass, amakhona awo ngokuvamile angahlanzwa kahle.
Ngifuna ukwazi konke
Inhloko enamakhanda enja, noma eluhlaza okotshani imvamisa ifinyelela kubude obuyi-170-220 cm. Umbala womzimba uluhlaza okotshani. Ngasemuva kunemigqa emincane yephethini emhlophe, enza iphethini elakhiwe njengamadayimane. Isisu siphuzi. Lo mbala ufihla kahle inyoka eluhlaza okotshani wehlathi lemvula. Ikhanda likhulu kakhulu, eligcizelelwa ukuqunjelwa kwentamo ebukhali.
Hhayi ubuthi. Amazinyo angaphambili amade - afinyelela ku-3.8 cm.
Isakhiwo sonke somzimba sikhuluma ngokuqina kwenyoka empilweni yomuthi. Ngisho namazinyo amakhulu, abheke emuva ahlehliswa ukuze abambe isisindo sokweyisa. Njengoba iqiniswe ngumsila omude oyishumi futhi igcina inyamazane isisindo emasondweni omzimba, i-boa kwesinye isikhathi iyiginya amahora amaningi.
Isihlahla esiluhlaza sihlala e-Amazon basin sisuka eSuriname naseGuiana sidlula eBrazil siye empumalanga siye ePeru naseningizimu-mpumalanga esenyakatho neBolivia.
Izindawo eziyizintandokazi zingamahlathi omfula omude omanzi. Imvamisa kutholakala ilenga emagatsheni ezihlahla akhula eduze kwemithombo yamanzi.
Idla kusuka ekulaleleni ama-vertebrates ahlukahlukene (izinduku, izinyoni - upholi, ama-passerines, izinkawu ezincane). Ibamba isisulu ngamazinyo ayo angaphambili, i-boa iqala ukuyixubha ngomzimba wayo.
Ukuhlotshaniswa kwama-boas aphethwe yinja kwenzeka emagatsheni esihlahla. Isikhathi saso sisulwa kusuka kuZibandlela kuya kuNdasa. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezinhlanu. Kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-12 omkhulu, kuzalwa amawundlu angama-45 cm ubude. Umbala wezingane ezisanda kuzalwa unombala obomvu, obomvu we-carmine, ophuzi kalamula, onsundu noma ofukayo onamachashazi amhlophe akhanyayo kuleliganga. Njengoba bekhula, umbala uguquka ube mdala - luhlaza.
Njengamanje, ukubanjwa kanye nokuhweba kwalezi zinyoka kulawulwa ngokuqinile ngokuya kweSivumelwano Sokuhwebelana samazwe omhlaba. Kunokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kakhulu kokufuya ama-boas aphethwe yizinja ezilwaneni zasekhaya nasema-ameshaurs e-United States naseNetherlands.
I-boa enamakhanda inja yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1758 nguCarlos Linnaeus, obize lesi sihlahla esihle kangaka i-boa Boa canina. Ufike ku-Corusus yohlobo lwe-genus ngoba ama-boas asanda kuzalwa alolu hlobo lobuciko anombala nephethini efana neyama-corals. I-Caninus - kusukela eqinisweni lokuthi ukwakheka kwekhanda nezingxenye ezingemva kwesizalo, kanye namazinyo amade kakhulu emhlathini ongenhla kufana nenja.
Kuze kube ngu-2009, izinhlobo zeCorallus Caninus zazihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili: i-boa yaseSurinamese enekhanda (i-English Guyana Shield Emerald Tree Boa) ne-Amazonia enekhanda inja i-boa (i-English Amazon Basin Emerald Tree Boa).
Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2009, i-boa yase-Amazoni ephethwe yizinja yahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezihlukile zeCorallus batesii [Henderson].
Indawo yokuhlala kweSurinamese izinhloko-zinja ezihlanganisa iGuyana, iSuriname, iFrench Guiana, ingxenye yeVenezuela (iBolivar, iAmazon), ingxenye yeBrazil (enyakatho neRio Amazonas nasenyakatho nasempumalanga yeRio Negro: Ampala, Para, Roraima, Amazonas).
Ama-boas aphethwe izinja e-Amazonia ajwayelekile esifundeni sase-Amazon eningizimu yeSuriname, eningizimu neGuyana, ukusuka eningizimu yeVenezuela kuya eColombia, Peru naseBrazil, ehlathini elizungeze umfula.
Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukaniswe yendawo ye-boa enamakhanda enja ngokwe-morphology, solidosis, temperament, umbala kanye nephethini.
I-Amazonia enenhloko ye-boa (Corallus batesii) i-Suriname inhloko-inja ye-boa (Corallus caninus)
I-constinamor ekhanda inhloko ye-Surinamese i-slimmer futhi yinde kune-Amazonia enekhanda inhloko enekhanda ngombala oluhlaza okotshani namabala amhlophe emuva angaxhumekile. Ama-boas aphethwe yizinja eSuriname avame kakhulu ekudingisweni. Imvamisa mihle, kepha ibe nesithunzi esingahlali sathunzi sohlaza. Isikali ebusweni bukhulu futhi ijamo lephethini liyashintsha. Isisu simhlophe noma simhlophe ngombala. Ama-boache aphethwe yizinja zase-Surinamese afinyelela ku-cm angama-120-180. Ngokwesimilo, ngokuvamisile akanciphile futhi azinza kunama-boaz ase-Amazonia aphethwe yizinja.
E-constituor enezinwele ezise-Amazonia, umbala wesisu uvame ukuphuzi noma uphuzi ngompende, umzimba uluhlaza okotshani bese umakiwe umucu omhlophe ngemuva. Unxantathu omhlophe ogqamile uphuma kule strip, bese welula umzimba wonke kuya esiswini. Imivimbo imvama ukuba mnyama. I-Amazonia-ekhanda inhloko likhulu kakhulu kune-boya enamakhanda enja iSurinamese - ubukhulu bayo bungafinyelela isilinganiso esingu-275 cm.
Ama-boas aphethwe inja e-Amazonia mhlawumbe ama-boas athambile futhi abucayi kakhulu atholakala ekudingisweni. Lawa amatsheyini wemvelo angempela, futhi uma agcinwa kahle, angaba ngumvuzo wangempela kumniniwo.
Lezi zilwane azikubekezeleli amaphutha omfuyi, futhi ukuthengwa kwazo akufanele kube okuphoqayo - kuphela ukutholwa okucatshangwe kahle, okuhleliwe.
Futhi Nazi ezinye izinyoka ezithokozisayo engikukhumbuza zona: I-African Whelpling (Atheris) noma lapha Isigaxa Senyoka. Hhayi-ke, ubani ongakukholwa lokho Inyoka - ingabe uGorynych ukhona?
I-boa-ekhanda lezinja endle kanye namathafa
Ezincwadini ezifuywayo, umuthi oluhlaza ohlobo lwe-boa (i-corallus caninus) uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yizinja ngenxa yesimo sekhanda kanye nama-receptors abonakala ngokusobala ngendlela yemigodi emhlathini ongezansi naphezulu, futhi igama elithi arboreal livela kwindlela yalo yokuphila, ngoba lezi zinyoka zihlala ezihlahleni, cishe zingaze zehle phansi, kanti futhi nenyamazane iyagwinywa, isemagatsheni aphezulu ezihlahla.
Woody Dog-Head Boa Endle
Inyoka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekhazimulayo enemivimbo emhlophe enjengedayimane ngemuva futhi esiswini ophuzi e-zoo noma e-terrarium yasekhaya izobonakala ikhanya kakhulu, kepha emvelweni, emahlathini emvula ase-Amazon, lo mbala wenza le reptile ingabonakali, ivumela ukuba ihlangane nezitshalo ezinde eziwuzungezile.
Ebantwini abasha, umbala ubomvu noma owolintshi, kepha ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, uyashintsha kokujwayelekile - luhlaza. Ubude bomuntu osemthethweni we-boa bungaba ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-2, kanti izicubu ezithuthukiswe kahle zikuvumela ukuthi nobabili nidabule ezihlahleni nigxilise isisulu, nisisongele emasongweni.
Izisulu ezivame kakhulu zezimbokodo zezihlahla yizinyoni ezilele emagatsheni ezihlahla ebusuku, ezinye izinhlobo zamagundwane, ngisho nezinkawu ezincane.
Ngokujikijela okunamandla, inyoka ibalekela inyamazane, ibambe ngamazinyo amade angaphambili, ayindilinga ngaphakathi, futhi imunca izindandatho zomzimba wayo, izilwane azinethuba lokuphuma kulezo “hug” ezinjalo. Ngamandla amakhulu kangaka omzimba kanye nokungabikho kwezitha endaweni yemvelo, inyoka ayidingi amazinyo anobuthi.
Ama-Boas angawezilwane eziphila kahle. Ukuhluma kwenzeka futhi ezihlahleni, imvamisa ekwindla noma ebusika. Insikazi ibamba okusafushane esikhathini esizayo izinsuku ezingama-170-230, bese izala amazinyane ayishumi nambili ngobude obungamasentimitha angama-40-50, kamuva okungakhombisi ukukhathazeka. Kuzinsuku zokuqala zokuphila kwamawundlu okuyizinto eziyingozi kakhulu, angaba yisisulu sezilwane ezidla ezinye zize zikhule ngokwanele.
Ngenxa yobunzima bokungena ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo ama-boas aluhlaza (i-emerald), inani labo alaziwa ngokuqinisekile namuhla, futhi yize bengekho ohlwini lwe-Red Book, ukuhweba kuma-boas ngezinkuni kuthiwa kulawulwa (ukugwema ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane).
Uma ufuna ukuqukatha i-boa eluhlaza eluhlaza ekhaya, kufanele unake izimo zokuphila zalezi zinyoka endaweni yemvelo - ama-terrarium angama mpo kufanele abe okungenani amalitha angama-20 ngevolumu enamazinga aphezulu omswakama. Izinga lokushisa kumele ligcinwe kuma-26- 28 degrees, linciphise ebusuku ngamadigri angama-5-6. E-terrarium, amagatsha noma amashalofu we-multi-tier kufanele kulungiswe lapho isilwane singahamba khona.
Lapho uphatha i-boa ephethwe yinja, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokuqapha, ngoba yize iqiniso lokuthi i-boa ihlala ekudingisweni, ihlala iyisilwane sasendle futhi ibona ukungenelela komuntu njengosongo, ngakho-ke, lapho uzalela izilwane ezinjalo, kufanele ubheke kwimithombo echaza ngokuziphatha kwama-boas aluhlaza futhi unake izimilo zabo zokuziphatha.
