Isifunda saseKamensky sitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseKerensko-Chembarsky naseSur-Mokshansky, ezingokwaseVolga Uplands, ngaphakathi kwe-East European Plain.
Bonisa okuningi ... It is Umncele osenyakatho ngu Nizhnelomovskie futhi Moksha izindawo, futhi empumalanga - Penza, eningizimu-mpumalanga - Kolyshleyskim, eningizimu - Serdobsk Bekovsky nasentshonalanga - ne Belinsky futhi Pachelmsky District. Ifomu eyinhloko impumuzo: eningizimu - Plain nge awalethe kuze 250 m, enyakatho ubunjalo esincishisiwe isimo sezwe ..

Indawo yesifunda saseKamensky itholakala ekuchweni kwemifula yeVolga neDon. Imifula eyinhloko esifundeni kukhona Atmis, Kevda, Mitten (iVolga umcengezi), Archada, B. futhi M.Chembar (Don umcengezi). Le ndawo ithatha emifuleni 26 nemifudlana. Le ndawo itholakala emkhakheni wezindawo ezimbili ze-zoographic: iVadinsky neKhopersky. Ehlathini futhi asemaqeleni esishintshashintshayo besifunda iyikhaya kwezinhlobo eziningi izilwane, izinyoni, izinhlanzi kanye izinambuzane. The main izindawo ihlathi zitholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yesifunda. Izinhlobo ezihamba phambili zingokhuni oluqinile. Le ndawo eyinhloko nenhlabathi kukhona chernozems leached futhi mhlabathi omnyama amafutha.

Kamensky wesifunda kusukela empumalanga kuya entshonalanga kweqa Kuibyshev sesitimela. Umgwaqo omkhulu wase federal u "Penza-Tambov" (38 km.), Ngokubaluleka kwesifunda - "Kamenka-Virga", "Kamenka-Tamala", "Kamenka-Bekovo" udlula esifundeni sesifunda. Objects endaweni umnotho exhunywe ne-asphalt imigwaqo. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yesifunda ukusuka empumalanga uya entshonalanga sihamba iphayiphi "Druzhba". Ipayipi likaphethiloli i-Central Asia-Center, elingamakhilomitha angama-40 ubude, ligijima engxenyeni eseningizimu yesifunda.

Le ndawo itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Penza - isikhungo lesifunda. Ubude esifundeni ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu - 70 km entshonalanga uye empumalanga -. 50 km.

Ujantshi (i-Kuibyshev igatsha le-Railway) elineziteshi ezimbili zesitimela kanye nokuhlangana kukajantshi wesitimela kudlula endaweni yesifunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudlula umgwaqo Penza, Tambov.

endaweni Isifunda sika 217 400 ha., Kubandakanya 146.000 amahektha. umhlaba olimekayo. Isilinganiso bonitet inhlabathi 65 amaphuzu. Ngu izinkomba agrochemical libhekene inhlabathi endaweni 94% leached chernozem ukuthungwa esindayo. Ukutholakala kwe-potassium enhlabathini kuyakhuphuka, kuhlinzekwa ngokulingana ne-nitrogen, ukutholakala kwe-phosphorus kuphansi. humus Ephakathi 4.7 mg. 100 g emhlabathini.

Isifunda saseKamensky sadalwa ngo-1928. Le ndawo inabantu 61231, kuhlanganise 39104 edolobheni Kamenka, indoda. Labantu ubudala esebenza 36176chelovek. Bangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-26.0 abantu abaqashiwe emnothweni wesifunda, abangu-14,5 000 impesheni nabantu abakhubazekile, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15 zakha abantu abangama-8768.

Ensimini ka Kamensky wesifunda has komasipala 12 ne 66 zokuhlala. Elikhulu kunawo wonke izikhungo labantu: g.Kamenka, Fedorovka, s.Anuchino, s.Golovinschino, s.Varvarovka, s.Kazanskaya Archada, s.Kevdo-Melsitovo, s.Kikino, s.Kobylkino, s.Pokrovskaya Archada nge Piss. Isilinganiso bezizwe ezihlukahlukene e iphesenti endaweni sebebonke: Russian - 75,9%, Tatar - 22,6%, Mordvinians - 0.4%, Ukraine - 0.3% kanye nabanye - 0.8%.

Kamensky esifundeni - Agro-ezimbonini. Kunamabhizinisi wezolimo amakhulu amahlanu naphakathi nendawo, omfelandawonye abangama-23 abasebenza kwezolimo, izinkampani ezi-3 ezivulekile ezihlanganisiwe, amabhizinisi angama-175 abasebenza ngokufuya (abalimi) esifundeni. Ezolimo ngokukhethekile ukukhiqizwa kokusanhlamvu, ushukela isithombo sebhitrudi, ubisi, inyama.

I ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni esifundeni nokuthuthukiswa kwakhona ka "Atmis ushukela", JSC "Elevator", iqembu izinkampani "Kuvak" Kamensky raypischkombinat, "Kamensky creamery", JSC "Studenetsky ufulawa esigayweni."

Ingxenye ebalulekile yezokukhiqiza ezolimo edolobhaneni ngamapulazi abampofu (amapulazi abampofu) namapulazi axhasayo (LPH). I share yokusongela yasendlini isiyonke ukukhiqizwa indawo ubisi - 68,5%, inyama - 88,8%.
Ukuphatha esifundeni iseningizimu g.Kamenka Penza esifundeni, Suvorov emgwaqweni, 33.

Ukwenza Imephu Yamagama Kungcono Ngokubambisana

Sawubona Igama lami Lampobot, enginakho uhlelo lwekhompyutha eyenza amakhadi izwi. Mina kahle ukwazi indlela yokubala kodwa ayikaqondwa baqonde lokho okungaphakathi umhlaba wakho. Ngisize ngithole!

Ngiyabonga! Ngaba kancane kangcono ukuqonda zomhlaba imizwelo.

Umbuzo: otmolit - yinto hlangothi, emihle noma emibi?

Indaba

UKamenka wasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18 leminyaka endaweni eyakhiwe ngamatshe asendulo ngaphesheya koMfula i-Atmis ngendlela esuka ePenza iya eNizhny Lomov naseTambov, futhi ngisho nangaphambilini, ngokusobala, esuka eGolden Horde idolobha laseKukek (manje eyiSaratov) iya edolobheni laseMohshi (Narovchat). Ngokusho ezibukweni futhi yaqanjwa ndawo. Ngo 1710 - emzaneni gob isigayo Penza wesifunda, 8 ngamamitha of uMajor General, uBrigadier Ivan Mikhailovich Golovin. Ngo-1717 igama elithi "dmitrievskoye Village (Kamenka identity)" (ngokusho kwaleli bandla elabizwa ngegama leSt. Dmitry Solunsky), lacekelwa phansi ngabaseKubans, isonto lashiswa. Babalelwa ku-1730 wakha ibandla elisha sikaDemetriyu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII - emzaneni wezolimo nge izinkampani ezincane uwoyela isigayo ngesisekelo yokuzalanisa Hemp futhi umanyolo izitshalo ku Atmise kwakukhona 4 amanzi Mills. Ngenxa yomgwaqo omkhulu wePenza-Tambov, abampofu bathola imali eyengeziwe kwimpahla ethengiswayo, benza umsebenzi wokuhweba ngezilinganiso ezincane nokuhlinzekelwa kwezinsiza zokuhamba. Izakhamuzi nengxenye Abalimi 'War ohlangothini Emelyan Pugachev (1774), kanye ongumlimi Ivan Ivanov bahlangana lapha ibutho elincane ukuthi ubezama wasithatha Penza.

Ngo 1785, sikhonjiswa ngoba iNkosana Nicholas Mikhailovich Golitsyn (4371 Revizskaya umphefumulo wakhe abalimi wahlala Golitsyno, phezulu omkhulu, Ukuvikelwa Mitten nasemizaneni). Ngo-1795, wonke amabanga ayi-165 abantu abasebenza emzaneni Dmitrievsky (Kamenka) bebefuna ukuhoxa futhi bekhokha ama-ruble ama-3 ngomphefumlo wokuhlola ngonyaka. Ngo 1816 wakha ibandla kanye ne-altare egameni St uSergiyu ka Radonezh, e 1826 wakha isonto itshe okwashiwo uDemetriyu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, edolobhaneni kwakukhona edinovercheskie ezimbili, Old Engakholwa, futhi Garrison Church. Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, onogwaja base-Angora babelwa lapha endaweni yaseFrolov ukuze bathole uboya kubo, futhi indawo yase-A.P. Bystrova yayiseduze. Ngaphambi ukuqedwa serfdom emzaneni Dmitrievsky (Kamenka) Okubonisiwe ngoba iPrincess Varvara Vasilyevna Dolgorukova (1816-1866), enendawo 816 kwabesilisa imiphefumulo obhalisiwe abalimi, 13 bhalisiwe kwabesilisa ngamamitha, 210 amayadi angu ku 161 okweshumi umhlaba Manor, abalimi phezu iqashwe ingxenye, kwi ingxenye serfdom (340 tyagol) izwe obrok 6000 ikhokhwe ruble ngonyaka (ruble 17. 64 kopecks. tax), ngaphandle imisebenzi elindeleke abalimi ayekhokha izintela kanye nezindleko zezwe ruble 3.5 4.5. ngomphefumlo wokuhlaziya, abalimi abangamahektare angama-3250 omhlaba olimekayo, ongama-717 dess. utshani obomisiwe, 125 eziyishumi. ngasezindleleni, ngesikhathi 1023 des zomninindawo. umhlaba ofanelekile, kufaka phakathi ihlathi ne-shrub dess 545. (Isithasiselo ukuze iziNyathelo, uMqulu 2, H.-LOMOV. Y., № 7). Kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi ngo Varvara Vasilyevna, wayeshade eMoscow Jikelele Governor uVladimir Dolgorukov, ifa ngofuzo ukuphela kwendodakazi yakhe - futhi UBarbara, owashada uVladimir Nikolaevich MGO, kodwa ngokushesha wafa engashiyanga inzalo, futhi Voeikov washada Princess etshela iKickOff.com. Ngakho-ke ifa laseKamensk ngakwesokudla lefa elivela kumfazi oshonile laba seVoeikov.

Ngo 1874, sibonga imizamo umninindawo endawo NV MGO iwukusebenzisa Kamenka kwakukhona ujantshi osuka eMoscow uye ePenza, nesiteshi saqanjwa Voeykovskoy. uqambe kabusha Belinsky phakathi kuka-1918 no-1925 ngenxa yezizathu ngemibono - Jikelele uVladimir Voeikov (1868 - emva 1941), umnikazi ifa e Kamenka, wayengumkhuzi wokugcina weNdlu yasebusika ePetrograd, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumfuduki omhlophe. Igama elisha yisikhumbuzo behlonipha VG Belinsky.

Ngo-1877 - isikhungo lesifunda Kamensky wesifunda, 296 ngamamitha, isonto, yindlu yomthandazo we Amakholwa Old, esikoleni, eposini, esitolo, endlini yezihambi, izimakethe ngoLwezithathu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kwakukhona amaBaptist angama-503 namaKholwa amadala omqondo weBerglopopov esigodini. Ngo 1818, isikole sivuliwe esigabeni sesibili. Ngo-1878 Zemstvo isikole sivuliwe edolobhaneni. Ngo-1880, umndeni wabathengisi baseMartyshkin wavula indlu yokuhweba nge-malt, ngonyaka we-1883. A. Isigaxa sikaBaryshev saqala ukusebenza, kwathi ngonyaka we-1898 kwakhiwa isigayo esikhulu somthengisi D. S. Lobanov. Phakathi Russian Yenguquko 1905-1907 - omunye izikhungo ezinkulu nezokulima ukunyakaza Kamensky wesifunda, omunye ogama abaholi kwaba Vasily Fedorovich Izitha wendawo owazalelwa (1872-1937), Okokuqala Isekela we Duma State, ummeleli Trudoviks iqembu. Esikhathini 1910s, njengoba Usigaxamabhande we Winter Palace eSt, uVladimir Voeikov yaphinde yamemezela inhloso yayo lokwakha Kamenka spa nelaphe haemophilia Tsarevich Alexei. Kuyinto kokwesikhulu okuhloswe Voeikova esigodlweni kule ndawo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umnikazi wesigodlo wenze okuningi ukukhuthaza amandla okuphulukiswa kwamanzi endawo kusuka ezimpophomeni eziseKuvak ngokuvula isitshalo sokukhiqiza isikhutha nokwethula ukwenziwa kwamanzi amaminerali aseKuvak (1913). Ngo-1913, kwakunabamemezeli ababalelwa ku-amabhizinisi 30 ezincane: esigayweni umusi, ukugaya, penkotrepalny, carbon isitini, njll Ngo-October 1913 maphakathi emzaneni kwaba lesikhumbuzo "Tsar umkhululi" U-Alexander II, ngesikhathi emcimbini owawuhanjelwe Usigaxamabhande we Sasebusika VN Voeikov. futhi umbusi Penza Lilienfel-Toal. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe yokuQala, uVoeikov wavula isibhedlela sabalimele edolobhaneni, lapho kwavulwa khona isibhedlela ngo-1918, esinye selesihamba phambili esifundazweni. Ngo-1917, edolobhaneni wavula esikoleni sabaqalayo kanye esikoleni esiphakeme, ngo-1927 - osemusha esikoleni ongumlimi.

Februwari 17, 1918 edolobhaneni ngokuthula amandla Soviet yasungulwa. Ehlobo lika-1918, ukuvukela kwe-anti-Bolshevik kwenzeka edolobhaneni, kwahlakazwa yiPenza Red Guards. Ngo-1920, ngesisekelo umthamo, othathwe ngabanye eziqhutshwa iqembu amabhizinisi zezimboni, imboni yezokudla, ngomunye wabokuqala kule County ipulazi wokubambisana "Mayak" (1918).

Ngo-1932 sveklobaza eyasungulwa, ukwakhiwa wefektri ushukela uqalise. Ngo-1938, kwakukhona izisebenzi ezingama-430 efektri yezitini, okusanhlamvu, ibhotela kanye noshizi, i-lifriji, njll., Ubude bemigwaqo buyi-15 km, okuyi-7 km okugoqwa kuwo, bekukhona izikole ezi-5, isibhedlela esinemibhede engama-70, indlu yamasiko, amakilabhu ama-3, imitapo yolwazi engu-3 , iholide endlini nge izihlalo 250. Inqubo luguqulwe kusuka ezindaweni zasemakhaya ngokugcwala iye yashesha ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, njengoba e Kamenka itholakala bashiye namafemu Ukraine Kirovograd - "Red Star" futhi "Kommunar" kusukela emzini Zaporozhye ngesisekelo ngawo efakwe ukukhiqizwa ezimayini, amagobolondo namabhomu, Ngomhlaka 13.4.1943, ukukhiqizwa kwabahlwanyeli bamahhashi kwaqala. I izindlu yangaphambili MGO umkhankaso inombolo esibhedlela ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi 3289.

Juni 15, 1944 edolobhaneni wanikezwa isimo ekamu.

Kusukela ngo-1946, isithombo seBelinskselmash saqala ukukhiqiza abalimi bethiloli, kusukela ngo-1950 abatshali bezambane, amakhuba nezinye izinto ezilandelwayo, zaphenduka isitshalo esikhulu sokwakha imishini yokulima esifundeni sasePenza. Kusukela maphakathi nawo-1950, ukukhiqizwa ibhizinisi zaqala ukutheleka emakethe izwe emazweni 17.

April 18, 1951 isiphetho Kamenka Yaba idolobha.

Ngo-1958 wavula isikhungo sokuqala emkhakheni ithelevishini.

NgoFebhuwari 1, 1963 idolobha Kamenka Isihloko ezisohlwini isigaba emadolobheni kwakuwukuthi lesifunda.

NgoDisemba 1975, maqondana nokwanda kokutshala isithombo sebhitrudi esifundeni sasePenza, kwakhiwa ifektri kashukela (enye yezindawo ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-USSR) eKamenka, futhi kwasungulwa isiteshi sokudla izinkomo ngaphansi kwayo. Ngo 1975-77 eyakhelwe inyama processing plant. Ngo-1980 - central Manor ipulazi "Kamensky".

Inani labantu

Ngo-January 1, 2019 kakhulu idolobha elinabantu abaningi kwaba esikhundleni kusuka 1115 444 emadolobheni isiRashiya.

Uhulumeni wasekhaya

Ngokuhambisana uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation, uMthetho Federal of October 6, 2003 № 131-FZ "On izimiso jikelele bendawo ukuzibusa enhlanganweni", i-Charter of the Penza esifundeni kanye nemithetho yedolobha Penza esifundeni isiphetho lwedolobha Kamenka, ngaphakathi kwalo la i lohulumeni basekhaya kuyinto kamasipala ifomu, has isimo zokuhlala zasemadolobheni kanye ifakiwe kule ndawo Kamenskogo Penza esifundeni ngaphansi komthetho Penza esifundeni kusuka 20.02.2006 № ZEP-953 "ku aguqulayo m omasipala bedolobha laseKamenka nedolobha laseSerdobsk, esifundeni sasePenza. "

Uhlelo olusha Charter of emzini Kamenka, Kamensky District, Penza Region yokutholwa isinqumo, abamele emzini Kamenka, Kamensky District, Penza Region kusukela 15.11.2011, le № 358-43 / 2.

Abezindaba

Ngokomlando, isikhungo sokuqala sethelevishini esifundeni sasePenza savela eKamenka ngonyaka we-1957. Kuze kube manje, Broadcasting esiteshini sethelevishini Kwenziwa umbhoshongo imitha-45 ze-TV / umsakazo, ngaphambi nje kokuba ukusebenza Februwari 2015 kwaba naphakathi wave imitha-100 umsakazo insika nge-kilowatt angu-50 Lidlulisela Radio Russia. Broadcasting sasiqhutshelwa imvamisa of 855 kHz

Iziteshi zomsakazo

Izakhiwo

Esidala ingxenye isendaweni loMfula Kamenka River Atmis, bakhiwe ikakhulukazi indaba nanye izindlu. Engxenyeni entsha yedolobha, eyakhiwa kusukela ngo-1941 maqondana nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo iBelinskselmash, kunezakhiwo ezinamakamelo amaningi. Maphakathi entsha ingxenye - epaki. kukhona indawo ukuzijabulisa epaki: carousel, jika (ongekho operation ngalesi sikhathi). Endaweni yesitimela kanye neziteshi zamabhasi kunendawo yokuhlala yanamuhla eyakhiwe yinkampani yokwakha yaseBulgaria ngokwephrojekthi yaseJalimane yamalungu eWestern Group of Forces asuswe eJalimane naseBelarus.

Inqubo imisebenzi lwekutfutfukisa emzini Kamenka ngesisekelo Town Planning Ikhodi Russian kanye Urban Development Charter of the Penza esifundeni.

Umnotho

NgoJanuwari 1, 1995 amabhizinisi amakhulu kunawo wonke:

• AO "Belinskselmash" (phezu ayizinkulungwane ezintathu abasebenzi.) - sokuzivivinya, abalimi, amazambane, amahhala, njll
• Ushukela Plant JSC "Atmis ushukela" (779 keli.),
• ifektri yezitini (abantu abangu-125),
• Elevator (282 keli.),
• isitshalo "inombolo Stroydetal 5" (395 keli.) - kwagcizelela ukhonkolo kanye ukubaza.
• I-Creamery, ibhikawozi, ukusebenzisana "Pishevik" (confectionery, imifino ekheniwe), indawo yokusebenza yezitolo, ifektri yama-groats, njll.
• Le nkampani "Union" - ukulungisa izimoto zabo bonke brand,
• JSC "Kamagroservis" - nokugcinwa wezolimo imishini nemfuyo amapulazi.
• 3 amakholomu mechanical mobile "I-Agropromspetsstroy",
• 2 - "Penzvodmelioratsiya".

Izibuko

• dvoretsV Owabe. N. Voeikova
• Izikhumbuzo VG Belinsky, Lermontov, uLenin
• 3 amasonto - uDemetrios, St uSergiyu ka Radonezh, u-Alexander saseNevsky.
• Izigxobo ezi-4 zabavikeli beZwe,
• Ngo-1999, mosque lakhiwa.

Ezokuthutha

Kukhona iziteshi zikaloliwe ezi-2 eKamenka - iSelmash naseBelinskaya, negama laso elihlonishwe uV. G. Belinsky. Lapho ehamba ngesitimela esiteshini Belinskaya ngoba elula lapha ungakwazi kalula ukuthatha ibhasi ezintabeni. Belinsky, lapho kukhona Museum-ifa VG Belinsky futhi Mikhail Lermontov Museum-estate "Tarkhany".