Kuqubuke ihlazo elisha lobuhlakani ebudlelwaneni basePoland naseRussia, kucasulwe ukusho kwenxusa lasePoland eJalimane ukuthi iSoviet Union ingena eRussia naseBelarus. EMoscow, lezi zinkulumo zabizwa zingenangqondo. Umkhankaso wasePoland we-Red Army uhlala ungesinye sezihloko zomlando ezihlungu kakhulu zeWarsaw esemthethweni. Iziphathimandla zasePoland azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuthi ngesikhathi amasosha aseSoviet engena ngemigudu yePoland, uhulumeni wezwe wawusuvele ubalekele phesheya futhi iSecond yasePoland-Lithuanian Commonwealth yayingasekho.

UJohn Toland, isazi-mlando saseMelika kanye nomphakathi, uPulitzer Prize laureate, encwadini yakhe u-Adolf Hitler ubhala athi: "Ekuseni ngoSepthemba 5, izindiza zasePoland zacekelwa phansi, kwathi ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, cishe zonke izingxenye ezingamashumi amathathu nanhlanu zasePoland zahlulwa noma zazungezwa."

UWilliam Shearer, intatheli yaseMelika ebisebenza eBerlin futhi eyazibonela lezi zigameko, wabhala ngomkhankaso wasePoland Wehrmacht encwadini yakhe ethi The Collfall of the Nazi Kingdom: "Kwesinye isigaba, lapho amathangi egijimela empumalanga emgodini wePoland, ahlangana nemigwaqo yasePomeranian, futhi amehlo wombhali wale migqa, owavakashela isigaba lapho okwenzeka khona lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, waqhamuka nesithombe esinyantisayo somuntu obamba igazi ... "Izigxobo bezingenaso isibindi, amaJalimane amane azichithile ngokuhlasela kwethangi ngokushesha ..."

UShearing ugcizelele ukushesha kokucasukela okwenzeka eJalimane: "Ngemuva kwamahora acishe abe ngu-48, amabutho endiza asePoland ayekile ukuba khona, iningi lezindiza zokuqala ezingama-500 zacekelwa phansi ezindizeni ... I-Krakow, idolobha lesibili ngobukhulu ePoland, yawa ngoSepthemba 6. Ngabo lobo busuku, uhulumeni wabaleka eWarsaw waya eLublin ... Ntambama ngoSepthemba 8, umphathi we-4 we Weghmacht tank wafika emaphethelweni enhloko-dolobha yasePoland.

Ngesonto elilodwa, amabutho asePoland ahlulwa ngokuphelele. Iningi lokwahlukana kwayo okungu-35 - konke abakwazile ukukuhlanganisa - kwahlulwa noma kwafakwa ezingxenyeni ezinkulu ezivale ezungeze iWarsaw ... Uhulumeni wasePoland, ngokunembile, okwasala kuwo ngemuva kokuqhuma ngamabhomu nangokukhosela emoyeni yiLuftwaffe, ngoSepthemba 15 bafike emngceleni waseRomania ... "

Isikhulu sePoland uVladislav Anders ezikhumbuzweni zakhe "Ngaphandle kwesahluko sokugcina" wabhala ngesimo ePoland ngoSepthemba 10, 1939 kanje: “Isimo sethu sinzima kakhulu. Amayunithi asePoland aqhutshwa yonke indawo. AmaJalimane eduze kwaseWarsaw. Isikhulu esiphezulu sishiya iBrest ku-Bug ... Le mpi isemaphethelweni eWarsaw. "

NgoSepthemba 17, 1939, uhulumeni wasePoland walishiya izwe. Izinsolo zokuthi uhulumeni washiya iPoland kuphela maqondana nokungena kwezingxenye zeRed Army kuleliya lizwe azihambelani neqiniso.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuthi ungakuchaza kanjani iqiniso lokuthi ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba 16, 1939, lapho bekungekho mininingwane ngokufakwa kweRed Army ePoland, abamele uhulumeni wasePoland babexoxisana nabaseRomania mayelana nokuya kwabo eFrance bedabula endaweni yaseRomania.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi vele ngoSepthemba 3, 1939, umphathi wePoland, uMashal Edward Rydz-Smigly wakhipha umyalo "Sijabulise ukuhoxiswa kwamasosha ethu ahlanganyele enhlanganweni iRomania kanye neHungary ebhekise ePoland ..."

Mayelana nezinsolo zokuthi isimo ePoland kuze kube ngoSepthemba 17, 1939 silawulwa yiziphathimandla, sizonikeza "ubufakazi bokuzibonela".

Nakhu akubhalile encwadini yakhe, “Umuntu kumuntu yiphisi. Ukusinda E-Gulag »UJanusz Bardaдах, owayehlala ngo-1939 edolobheni lasePoland iVladimir-Volynsky: "NgoSepthemba 10 no-11, amaphoyisa endawo kanye nezikhulu zomphakathi babaleka. Ukundiza okungazelelwe kwezikhulu kwaphazamisa idolobha." Ubaba, ehlukanisa uJanusz, wathi kuye: "... kuyingozi emigwaqweni, kukhona abantu abaningi basePoland kanye nezigebengu zasePoland."

Leli iqiniso elibuhlungu ngokunqotshwa kwePoland ngoSepthemba 1939. Kepha i-USSR kanye ne-Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact bezingeke zisolwe ngalokhu kunqotshwa, kepha inqubomgomo eyayibona kafushane ubuholi bezempi nezepolitiki basePoland. Kodwa-ke, ePoland bakhetha ukungakukhumbuli lokhu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagama ambalwa mayelana nokungena kweRed Army ngoSepthemba 17, 1939 ezindaweni ezibizwa ngokuthi “amaPoland” aseNtshonalanga Belarus nase-Ukraine. Izigxoba ngokomlando zazithi lezi zindawo njengengxenye ebalulekile yePoland. Bethukile, baya eMbusweni wePoland besuka eGrand Duchy yaseLithuania (ON) njengomnikelo ekwakhiweni kwePoland-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi iConfederation of Commonwealth yasungulwa ngesikhathi kulungiswa i-Union of Lublin e-Sejm ngokuhlanganyela yezicukuthwane zasePoland naseLithuania, ezazibanjelwe eLublin ngo-1569.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ufunda imigomo yale nyunyana, kuvela ukuthi ukufakwa kwezindawo ezicebe kakhulu ze-GDL - isifunda saseKiev, iPodolia kanye nePodlasie (amazwe ase-Ukraine wanamuhla neBelarus) eMbusweni wePoland akuzange kube ngesinqumo se-Pakistani-Lithuanian Diet ehlanganyelwe, kodwa ngemiyalo (imithetho) yeSigismund Agasti, INkosi yasePoland noGrand Duke waseLithuania, owayenomthelela ngokuphelele kubungani basePoland.

Ngemuva kwalokho i-Sejm ehlanganyelwe, ebanjelwe eLublin, naphezu “kwezicelo eziyinyembezi” zezikhulu zaseLithuania, isiqinisekisile isinqumo esiqinile sikaSigismund Augustus sokuhambisa amazwe acebile eGrand Duchy yaseLithuania eCrown of Poland.

Okusho ukuthi, i-Union of Lublin ngesinqumo sayo iqinisekise ukuthathwa komhlaba ngokungemthetho kwiGrand Duchy yaseLithuania. Ubuphangi, uzohlala eyisiphangi emakhulu eminyaka kamuva. Isikhathi sokukhumbuza iPoland leli iqiniso.

Lawa mazwe aphikisanayo (izindawo eziseNtshonalanga Ukraine neBelarus), ezahoxiswa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngamasosha ngokumelene ne-USSR, iPoland, ngokwemiphumela yeSivumelwano saseRiga sango-1921, sahlala nayo kuze kube uSepthemba 1939.

Kepha zingabhekwa njengePolish? Ngale ndlela inani labantu balezi zindawo balinganiselwa ePoland uqobo.

Ngokwamanothi asemaphephandabeni asePoland nemininingwane egciniwe yokugcina umlando yasePoland, ngo-1922 kuphela, kwavukelwa izimbangi ezingama-878 lapho!

Isazi somphakathi esidumile sasePoland u-Adolf Nevchinsky ngonyaka we-1925 ephephandabeni iSlowo wabhala ngokusobala ukuthi kudingeka senze ingxoxo nabaseBelarusian ngolimi "Izindonga namathambo kuphela ... lokhu kuzoba yisisombululo esifanele kunazo zonke sombuzo wezwe lonke eWestern Belarus."

Futhi emva kwalokho, abaphathi basePoland banesibindi sokuphinda babuye ngamazwe asePoland asanda kuqala eBelarus nase-Ukraine futhi nangokwehlukaniswa kwesine kwePoland?

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