Ekhathele imvelo emnyama, izakhamizi zenhloko-dolobha zivame ukunquma ukuthuthela emadolobheni amancane. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izindawo ezilungele ngokulinganayo abathandi bamahlathi nomoya ohlanzekile. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-“downshifters” angaba sengozini yokushintshana nge-awl ngensipho. I-Mosregtoday.ru ifundwe ngokucophelela imephu yemvelo yesifunda futhi yathola ukuthi ingayifunaphi imvelo engakaze ifundwe ngempela.
1. Isifunda saseMozhaisk
Kuphoqelelwa ukudumazeka: okude kakhulu ukusuka eMoscow, kuhlanzayo. Ngakho-ke abangahle bafike kuzodingeka benqabele ukuvakasha okuyimfihlo enhlokodolobha, noma esimweni esimeme sendalo. Kulabo abakhetha eyokugcina, isifunda seMozhaisk singalunga. Uhola cishe kuzo zonke izindlela zemvelo futhi akhubazeke kuphela ezingeni lokusetshenziswa kokubulala izinambuzane emhlabathini. Kepha le nkomba igcinwa ezingeni elamukelekayo. Isifunda sesithuthukise ezolimo, amahlathi amaningi, kepha amabhizinisi ezimboni, kunalokho, ambalwa. Labo abadla ikakhulukazi bakhiqiza ukudla. Ngale ndlela, kulapha lapho kuqala khona uMfula iMoscow, okusho ukuthi esifundeni saseMozhaisk, amanzi aso ahlanzekile kakhulu.
2. Isifunda samadolobha saseShakhovskaya
IShavskaya isemaphethelweni esifundeni saseMoscow. Lokhu kuchaza ubumsulwa bomoya wendawo. Iningi labantu lihlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya, kanti izitshalo ezinkulu nama fektri esifundeni azibonwa nhlobo. INovorizhskoe onguthelawayeka, ongasetshenziselwa ukufika kuleli dolobha, ungenye yezindawo ezilayishwa kancane esifundeni saseMoscow, okusho ukuthi ngokusobala ngeke uze uphefumulele amagesi aqeda lapha.
3. Isifunda saseRuzsky
Isifunda saseRuzsky ngomunye umasipala owenze imvelo enhle waba uphawu lwayo. Ubuningi besibalo sabantu lapha buphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.7 kunesilinganiso esiFundeni saseMoscow, futhi izinga lokukhishwa komoya okulimazayo emkhathini liphansi amahlandla ama-7 kunezinkomba zesifunda. Futhi kusukela ngo-1994, kwehle cishe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye. Le ndawo iheha abazingeli nabadobi, kanye nabathandi bamaholide we-spa. Kukhona nezinye izikhumbuzo zemvelo eziyingqayizivele kuyo, ngokwesibonelo, iLake Glubokoe, elibhekwa njengelijule kakhulu engxenyeni yaseYurophu neRussia.
4. Isifunda saseLotoshinsky
Isifunda iLotoshinsky kungenye indawo enhle yemvelo eNtshonalanga yesifunda. Ukukhathazeka kungabangelwa kuphela inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane enhlabathini kanye nezinga lamanzi okulahlwa kukadoti uma kuqhathaniswa nomakhelwane. Kepha i-31% yendawo ihlalwa izindawo zemvelo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile. Akukho nokugcwaliswa komhlaba owodwa ezweni labo, futhi ukulahlwa kokugcina okungekho emthethweni okukhulu kwaqedwa ngonyaka we-2014.
5. Amachibi Esiliva Esifunda sase-Urban
I-Ecology eningizimu-mpumalanga yeMoscow ishiya ukufiseleka kakhulu. Iqiniso ngukuthi amanzi aseMoscow naseKlyazma, adlula enhlokodolobha, aqoqa yonke imfucumfucu yezimboni futhi ngokuhlangana ayilethe ezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga zeSifunda saseMoscow. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni enkulu yesifunda igxilwe ngokomlando lapha. Kepha le ngxenye yesifunda inehlukile kwayo okuhle. Enye yazo yisifunda sedolobha i-Silver Ponds. Lo ngumasipala okude kakhulu ukusuka eMoscow, futhi akukho bhizinisi lezimboni lapha. Uma ukholelwa isaga esithi "abantu abancanyana - oksijini owengeziwe", khona-ke eSlond Ponds umoya ohlanzekile kakhulu, ngoba inani labantu liphansi kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Futhi isifunda asizange sibize igama laso ngeze: konke kugcwele inethiwekhi yezindawo zokuhlanzeka ezihlanzekile, esikhulu kunazo zonke okuyiMfula iSturgeon.
6. Isifunda se-Istra
Kodwa kungenzeka yini ukusondela enhlokodolobha? Kuyavela ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi usengahlanganisa ibhizinisi nenjabulo. Idolobha lesibili ngobukhulu esifundeni i-Istra eDedovsk lisendaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-18 ukusuka eMoscow Ring Road. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndawo ingahle ibalwe, uma kungenjalo ngokuhlanzeka, bese okungenani ikulungele ukubuka imvelo. Izinga lokungcoliswa komoya lapha alwedluli okujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nonyaka, imimoya e-Istra ivunguza kakhulu isuka entshonalanga naseningizimu, okungukuthi, baphatha umoya omusha, hhayi ofakwe emithini yaseMoscow. Umhlaba we-Istra ugcwele emithonjeni enamanzi acwebile, futhi uyizihluthulelo ezingaphansi komhlaba ezondla imifula yasendaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, alala angajulile futhi ungathola amanzi awusizo ngokumane ukhiphe umthombo ekhishini lakho lasehlobo. Futhi umthombo wendawo wamanzi amaminerali we-sulfate-magnesium-calcium unezakhiwo zokupholisa futhi usetshenziselwa izifo zesisu.
7. Isifunda sase-Odintsovo
Yize isifunda sase-Odintsovo silahlekelwa yibo bonke omasipala abaphezulu ngenhlanzeko, sinqoba ngokuqiniseka "esigabeni sabo sesisindo". Le ndawo inobungani obuhle kakhulu bezindawo ezisemngceleni weMoscow nokuwukuphela kwendawo enikezwe isihloko esithi "uhlanzeke ngokufanele." Izinkomba zokukhishwa kwezinto ezinobungozi emoyeni zigcinwa ezingeni leRuza, kepha isifunda saphimisa indle futhi singenisa izinambuzane emhlabathini. Kepha nazi izindawo ezingama-8 zemvelo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile ezibaluleke kakhulu zesifunda futhi ezingaba ngu-15 - zasekhaya. Ngo-2004, uMkhandlu Wezinduna zesifunda sase-Odintsovo wamukela umqondo wentuthuko kamasipala wase-Ecopolis Odintsovo, ngakho-ke singasho ukuthi ubumsulwa bendawo yendawo kanye nemvelo yasemadolobheni kugcinwa ngenkuthalo ezingeni lezikhulu.
I-TOP 10 yamadolobha ahlanzekile kakhulu esifundeni saseMoscow
- Odintsovo
- Korolev
- Klimovsk
- I-Domodedovo
- I-Krasnogorsk
- Golitsyno
- I-Istra
- Dmitrov
- Wedge
- I-Naro-Fominsk
AmaMuscovites ajwayele ukuthenga ukuthenga izindlu esifundeni saseMoscow, kodwa kubalulekile ukutadisha imvelo yamadolobha aseduze neMoscow ukuze ungakhethi inketho ebi kakhulu. Ukude ukusuka eMoscow, kungcono izinga lokuphilayo.
I-Elektrostal - idolobha lokuqothuka
Idolobha lesimanje lezimboni lesifunda saseMoscow selingcoliswe kakhulu futhi lacekelwa phansi imvelo. Isizathu salokhu inombolo enkulu yama fektri, amabhizinisi amisebenzi yawo enomthelela omubi kakhulu emvelweni. Kunomnyango edolobheni ogcina izibalo zokungcoliswa komoya nokukhucululwa kwemvelo, wenza nezinhlelo okuhloswe ngazo ukuhlanza le ndawo, ngokwesibonelo, izinsuku zomsebenzi womphakathi, ukuhlolwa kanye nokuqedwa kokulahlwa kwenkunkuma okungekho emthethweni. Kepha konke lokhu, uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu benkinga, kukwehla nje ebhakedeni.
Amabhizinisi angenelela athi uzama ukubhekana nesimo esingesihle sendawo ezungezile, anciphisa ukulimala, anciphisa inani lemfucumfucu nezinto ezikhipha kuyo. Kodwa ngokwezibalo, lokhu akubonakali, noma ngabe kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi ukuphuma kwezingcolile okuqinile kwehlile. Ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokwelapha kusezingeni lokuhleleka, ngenkathi iningi lamanzi amdonsayo lihamba ngeqoqana elide elingama-36 km liya ePavlovsky Posad, eliseduzane.
Ku-Elektrostal, imvelo yokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen dioxide ne-benzpyrene emoyeni idluliwe amahlandla ayishumi, abantu muva nje sebeqale ukukhononda ngokwengeziwe ngephunga elingathandeki emoyeni. Njalo ekuseni ungabona i-smog eqinile engxenyeni esempumalanga yedolobha, lapho iningi lezitshalo ligxile khona.
Ngo-2013, kwenzeka isimo esingalindelekanga edolobheni: ukuqhuma okunamandla esakhiweni esikhulu kunazo zonke se-EZTM. Ngenxa yalokhu, umkhathi we-Elektrostal uthole ukukhishwa kwe-cesium-137 ye-radioactive. Okucasule kakhulu ukuthi abezindaba abaphendulanga kulokhu, abasikhanyisanga lesi sigameko, kunalokho, wonke umuntu wazama ukukhohlwa konke ngokushesha okukhulu.
I-Podolsk - i-ecology kude nenhle
Umkhathi lapha ungomunye ongcoliswe kakhulu, njalo emoyeni kukhona ukugcwala okuphezulu kwe-carbon monoxide, amise okosawoti. Umgwaqo odangalisa kunazo zonke yiLeningradskaya. Ngaphezu kokungcola okulimazayo okulethwe wumoya ovela eMoscow, leli dolobha linomthombo walo wokungcoliswa komhlaba, okuyisona sisekelo salo mgwaqo omkhulu oseningizimu, namabhizinisi akhiwe lapha ngezikhathi zeSoviet. Imvelo engathandeki kakhulu yilapho etholakala khona - enyakatho-mpumalanga, empumalanga yePodolsk.
I-Troitsk - I-Fukushima yaseRussia
Leli dolobha elalivame ukuthokoziswa yizindawo ezinkulu ezifihliwe indawo, elake lahlanzeka futhi lalifanele ukugeza uMfula iDesna selivele selithole elinye igama lendawo - iTukhlyanka. Shards of ingilazi angatholakala kulo; ochwepheshe bathola i-zebury lapho nokunye ukungcola. Umfula usuphenduke indawo yenhlekelele yemvelo, oyingozi kubantu, izitshalo kanye nezilwane. Isikhungo sokucwaninga nge-thermonuclear sisebenza eTroitsk, abahlali bayiqamba ngokuthi iFukushima yaseRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kukhona indawo yokuhlanza imfucumfucu, i-reactor yenuzi. Isimo semvelo saseTroitsk sithinteke kabi kumgwaqo omkhulu waseKaluga.
2 km ukusuka edolobheni yakha ukuthathwa komhlaba okungekho emthethweni, lapho izakhamizi zemizana yama-cottage ziletha. Ngenxa yalezi zokulahla komhlaba, iphunga elingathandeki kwesinye isikhathi likhona emoyeni. Amanzi okuphuza ampofu edolobheni, imvamisa abahlali bakhala ngokungcola kwalo ngesihlabathi, ukugqwala. Izihlahla eziningi zagawulwa, ibhande lasehlathini langcoliswa imfucuza.
I-Lyuberty - iqembu elifekthri lezimboni kanye nokulahlwa komhlaba
Ukuphefumula edolobheni kunzima kakhulu ukwedlula eMoscow. Umnotho wasekhaya uthuthukisa ukubonga ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, okuhambisana kakhulu nokufakwa kwezinto eziyingozi kanye nokungcola emoyeni. Kunamabhizinisi amaningi amakhulu akhiqiza izinto zokwakha, imishini yezobuchwepheshe, isitshalo sendiza enophephela emhlane.
Ensimini yedolobha, esifundeni sezimboni saseRudnevo, kutholakala indawo enkulu yokulahla udoti kuleli. Elinye ibhizinisi elinje yi- "Ecologist", lapho bebevame ukushisa izidumbu zezilwane ezigulayo, izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezivela ezikhungweni zezokwelapha eziningi eMoscow. Kunesiteshi esikhulu kunazo zonke esiseLyuberty, emasimini okwahlanganiswa kuwo ukuthuthwa kwendle kwaseMosnia amashumishumi eminyaka. Isiteshi asisetshenziswanga isikhathi eside, akunakwenzeka ukusivala, nomhlaba ungcoliswe ngezinsimbi ezinzima, imfucumfucu enobungozi yamakhemikhali. Izindlu zokuhlala zakhiwa kwenye yale mikhakha, lapho abantu behlala khona kanzima namuhla - i-methane iqoqana ezindlini ezingaphansi. Umoya uletha iphunga elingajabulisi kusuka esiteshini sangaphambili.
Konke lokhu kuhlangene kuholela ekungcoleni kwenhlabathi okuvamile edolobheni, izifo zezihlahla nezitshalo, kancane kancane imizimba yamanzi yasendaweni iba engafanele ukubhukuda. Ngisho nezingane lapha ziyazi ukuthi awukwazi ukudla izithelo emithini ekhula eduze kwezindlu, ngoba ungamane unobuthi. Izinto zimbi ngokuqoqwa kukadoti, ukuhlanza imigwaqo.
I-Odintsovo - imvelo yokuzelapha
Kunamabhizinisi amaningi ezimboni edolobheni, umgwaqo omkhulu udlula kuwo, kepha yiwo onobuhle kakhulu emvelweni ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba. Ngenxa yezindawo ezinkulu zehlathi ezungeze i-Odintsovo, i-ecosystem iyakwazi ukuzivuselela kabusha. Abaphathi bendawo bayazama, basebenza ngamandla ekuthuthukiseni iphrojekthi ye-Odintsovo Ecopolis.
Edolobheni kunama-sanatorium amaningi abhekelela ukuphathwa kokugeza ngosawoti. Kwethulwa izifundo ezikoleni ukuze izizukulwane ezincane zifunde ukuvikela imvelo yendawo kanye nokuthuthukisa idolobha labo lokuzalwa njenge-ecopolis.
I-Korolev - insimu eluhlaza
Abahlala emadolobheni babenenhlanhla ngengcebo yemvelo, kunamahlathi amaningi nemifula kuleli dolobha, cishe amaphesenti angama-33 engxenye yeKorolev ahlala izindawo ezinamapaki, izikhala eziluhlaza, izigcawu. Insimu yomuzi ifaka i-Elk Island National Park, lapho kukhula khona izihlahla eziningi ezahlukahlukene, izinyoni eziphilayo, izingulube zasendle, ama hares, i-moose hhayi kuphela. Izihlahla zihlanza kahle umoya weNdlovukazi, zivikela izakhamizi ezintweni eziyingozi emoyeni. Ngempela, amabhizinisi asezimboni asebenza edolobheni, okubaluleke kakhulu kuwo yi-rocket and space shirika.
Ezindaweni eziningi zedolobha, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese kwenziwa ngokwakhiwa komhlaba osevele usuqedile ukwenziwa. Izitshalo zanamuhla zokugcina amanzi angcolile zihlunga kahle imishini yezimboni. Kungakho ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngamanzi akuyona into ekhathazayo. Kusungulwe uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lwezinyathelo zokuvimbela izimo zenhlekelele yemvelo.
IKlimovsk - izungezwe amahlathi
Yize iqiniso lokuthi leli dolobha liyingxenye yePodolsk, imvelo isezingeni eliphakeme. EKlimovsk ayikho imithombo emikhulu yokungcola, kukhona i-microclimate enhle kakhulu, inani elikhulu lamachibi, imifula. Enye yemifula ehlanzeke kakhulu ihamba phakathi kwedolobha - i-Petritsa, osebeni lwalo lapho kukhona ugu, leli dolobhana lizungezwe amahlathi kaphayini, acwebile. Uhlelo lokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokuhlanzeka lusebenza ngokuqinile eKlimovsk.
I-Domodedovo - indawo yama-sanatoriums
Leli dolobha lidume ngesikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu kunazo zonke eMpumalanga Yurophu, kodwa yize kunjalo, isimo semvelo sihle. Konke sibonga imvelo ye-Domodedovo, equkethe indawo ehlathini. Insimu ebalulekile ayithathwa ngamabhizinisi ezimboni, kepha yizikhungo zezempilo, ezikhulukazi kuzo yiPodmoskovye sanatorium kanye ne-Bor yezempilo. Eduze kunehlathi likaphayini, umucu wamahlathi.
Edolobheni, indawo enkulu igcinelwe izindlu. Ukuma komhlaba kwasekuqaleni, ngenxa yendawo iDomodedovo emagqumeni, kwenza leli dolobha lihle kakhulu.
I-Krasnogorsk - indawo yokugcina yemvelo
Azikho izinkinga zemvelo edolobheni, ngoba azikho amabhizinisi angcolisa umoya. Izindawo zokugcina zasendaweni zinobuningi bezilwane ezahlukahlukene, abaphathi bedolobha basebenza njalo ekuhlanzeni, ekuphuculeni. Inani elikhulu lezinyoni nezilwane lihlala ebhandethini, eliqinisekisa isimo esihle semvelo eKrasnogorsk. Idolobha linokuheha kwalo kwemvelo - oki, okungaphezu kweminyaka engama-250 ubudala. I-birch enhle enhle ezungeze iKrasnogorsk.
Khimki
Yize le ndawo inciphise ivolumu yayo yezimboni (ngokuqhathaniswa “nesikhathi seSoviet”), isanenkinga yokuqoqwa ngokweqile kwezinto ezinobungozi. Kakhulu kungenxa yobukhona besiteshi esikhulu samandla esishisayo esifundeni, kanye namagesi amabili enuzi. Futhi yize iKhimki ingekude nokuba yidolobha elingcolile ngokwezemvelo lesifunda saseMoscow, ngeke ukwazi ukuyibiza ngokuthi iyathandeka empilweni. Ikakhulu, ezindaweni ezisezitaladini eziseduze naseZavodskaya.
USergg Posad
Le ndawo yokuhlala ingesinye sezindawo zokulahla imisebe ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Ngokuvamile, izindawo zokungcwaba isotopic zitholakala endaweni engamahektare angamashumi amabili. Futhi yize iziphathimandla zithi kuphephile impela lapha, izintatheli eziningi kanye nezibalo zomphakathi ziphindaphinda imibuzo yazo. Empeleni, lesi bekuyisizathu sokufakwa kweSergiev Posad ohlwini olunemibandela lwamadolobha acekeceke kakhulu weSifunda saseMoscow ngo-2014.
Ngenzenjani uma ngihlala edolobheni elingcolile?
Ukungcoliswa komoya esifundeni saseMoscow kubangela ingxenye yesithathu yezifo zabahlali bakhona, futhi le nkomba ikhula njalo: izifo zokuphefumula ezinamandla, i-tonsillitis, izifo ze-bronchopulmonary, i-allergies eminingi, i-conjunctivitis kanye ne-neurosis. Futhi yize lokhu kungenye yamanani aphezulu kakhulu esifundeni Esikhulu Sombuso, lokhu akwanele. Izinyathelo kuphela ozithathayo ezizosindisa impilo yakho emiphumeleni yemvelo emibi. Ngezansi kunamanye amathiphu okufanele uwalandele:
- Gwema izindawo ezinenqwaba yezinto ezinobungozi (izitshalo, ukuqothuka kwenhlabathi, njll),
- Vakashela umtholampilo njalo ukuvikela izifo ezahlukahlukene (kufaka phakathi i-oncology),
- Thola imaskhi yokuvikela (okungenani i-gauze) uma kwenzeka uvame ukuba "ezindaweni ezingezinhle."
Ekugcineni - uma kungenzeka, udinga ukushintsha indawo yokuhlala. Khumbula - akukho lutho kulomhlaba olungena esikhundleni somoya ohlanzekile namanzi.
Izinyathelo zokulwa nale nkinga
Kuyo nenye yalezi zindawo kunezinhlelo ezikhethekile okuhloswe ngazo ukwenza isimo sibe ngokwejwayelekile. Izindlela zabo kanye nokusebenza kwazo kwehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Kepha, kunezici ezijwayelekile. Isibonelo - amandla okuthuthuka kwesimo. Ngeshwa, akakhuthazi ukuba nethemba.Eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu (futhi mhlawumbe isikhathi eside) ushintsho olukhulu ngesimo alunakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukukalwa kwamadolobha amadala eSifunda saseMoscow kuzohlala kusebenza isikhathi eside.
Singakunika izeluleko: uma ufuna ukuphefumula umoya ohlanzekile, zibheke indawo ekude nedolobha.
Uma unesifiso semininingwane emayelana nokuthengwa kwezindlu ezakhiweni ezintsha, sincoma ukuthi uvakashele le ndatshana.
