TOKYO, Meyi 17. / Corr. I-TASS Vasily Golovnin. Amanye ama-dinosaurs akwazi ukwakha izidleke ukuze aqhewule inzalo yakhe njengezinyoni. Lesi sitatimende senziwe yiqembu lezazi ze-paleontologists ezivela eJapan University of Nagoya ngesisekelo sokutholakele okwenziwe eChina.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezincane zama-dinosaurs, ososayensi bathi, amaqanda aqandwe njengoba kwenza izinyoni. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi eside, ososayensi babengacabangi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ama-dinosaurs asendulo amakhulu.
Ukutholwa okwenziwe eChina, kusho uSolwazi Kokhei Tanaka, kukhombisa ukuthi amadinosaurs amakhulu abeka amaqanda embuthanweni futhi ahlala enkabeni. Ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi, babevikela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo kwizinyamazane futhi, ngokusobala, bangavikela amaqanda abo elangeni.
Kodwa-ke, kusolwa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zedayinaso azange aqandeke amaqanda, kodwa azishiyile noma azingcwaba esihlabathini esifudumele njengefudu.
Izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kunezinyoni
Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe ngabakwa-paleontologists bathi ama-dinosaurs amancane aqandwe izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda. Lokhu kucishe kube kabili ubude kunesikhathi sokufakwa kwezinyoni zesimanje, okuhlobene namadayinaso izihlobo zawo eziseduzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-dinosaurs ayemakhulu futhi kungenzeka enegazi elifudumele, okungukuthi, ayefuna ukudla okuningi - ngakho-ke, izikhathi ezinkulu phakathi kwezizukulwane ezintsha zazenza kube nzima ukuphendula ngokushesha emhlabeni oguqukayo.
Kulolu cwaningo, ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi isikhathi eside sokufaka singabeka ama-dinosaurs endaweni engafanele lapho i-asteroid enkulu iwela emhlabeni eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-66 edlule. Ngoba isikhathi eside amaqanda avuthwa ngesikhathi sokudalwa komhlaba wonke, isomiso kanye nezikhukhula, kuyilapho kungekho nasinye sezidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni ezazi ukuthi zizodlani kusasa, mancane amathuba okuthi zihlale zidonsana. Iqiniso elibuhlungu lempilo, elidlale ihlaya elinesihluku ngama-dinosaurs.
Ososayensi bathole kanjani ukuthi mangaki ama-dinosaurs aqandusele amaqanda? Okuxakayo ngokwanele, "kumasongo wonyaka" emazinyweni (ukucaca kakhudlwana, bese "ngosuku"). Lezi izindandatho, ezibizwa nangokuthi imigqa ye-von Ebner, zikhona kuzo zonke izilwane, kufaka phakathi abantu. Zakhiwa izingqimba ze-dentin, ezivuselelwa nsuku zonke. Maphakathi nawo-1990s, kwatholakala izindandatho ezifanayo emazinyweni omashiqela, ngakho-ke manje sesingasho ukuthi ingakanani idayinasi ngayinye etholakala iqanda lakhula.
Abathathu kuya kwabayisithupha
Besebenzisa imishini esezingeni eliphakeme, ososayensi bahlola enye yezimbotshana ezimbalwa zedayosaur ezitholakele, kufaka phakathi ama-protocol ayi-12 ama-protoceratops kanye namaqanda angama-dinosaur anezimpondo ezinobukhulu bengulube, kanye nezinyo elivela edakwini likabhiya omkhulu obizwa ngeHypacrosaurus stebingeri.
Kwavela ukuthi iProtoceratops yathuthuka cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokufa, ne-Hypacrosaurus - kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha. Izinyoni zesimanje ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo zithuthukise isu lapho zizalela khona amaqanda amaningi amakhulu anezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu zokufaka - ezisukela ezinsukwini eziyi-11 kuye kwezingama-85, ezikhulisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nomphumela omuhle.
Umsebenzi wososayensi uyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi ama-dinosaur embryos kunzima kakhulu ukuwuthola. Ngakho-ke, isithombe esiphelele sokuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-dinosaurs amaqanda aqanjiwe azinakwenzeka. Kepha sekucacile ukuthi ukushesha kulolu daba kubaluleke kakhulu kunokucophelela.
I-Igor Pilot
Imibungu yama-dinosaurs, ngokuya ngezinhlobo zazo, aqandusela amaqanda izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Lesi siphetho senziwe ososayensi abavela e-US National Academy of Science. Lokhu kuvezwe yiRIA Novosti ngokubhekisisa i-athikili yesayensi ephephabhukwini lePNAS. Ososayensi babenemibuzo eminingi - ikakhulukazi, ukuthi imibungu yamadayinaso yasungulwa ngokushesha kangakanani.
“Enye yezimfihlo ezindala kakhulu futhi ezinkulu kakhulu zama-dinosaurs ukuthi sasingazi lutho ngokwakhiwa kwemibungu yazo. Ukuthi amaqanda abo afakwe kancanyana njengamakhanda ezihlobo zabo eziseduzane, izingwenya nezikhonkwane, noma babefana kakhulu nenzalo yabo yanamuhla, izinyoni ezinamaqanda akhula ngokushesha, ”kuchaza uGregory Erickson wase-University of Florida eTallahassee (USA )
U-Erickson uthe ososayensi bafunde amaqanda ama-protoceratops nama-hyparchosaurs, ngaphambili atholakala e-Argentina, eMongolia nasenyakatho neChina. Ukuhluka kwalokhu okutholakele ukuthi amaqanda agcina amazinyo ama-embryonic. Abaphenyi baqhubekela phambili - basika la mazinyo futhi bathola ukuthi kwakhiwa ungqimba omusha kubo nsuku zonke.
Ngemuva kokuhlaziywa ngokuphelele nokubalwa kwalawa ma-stratified, ama-paleontologists anqume isikhathi esifanelekile sempilo yombungu eqandeni. Imiphumela imi ngalendlela elandelayo: protoceratops - izinyanga ezintathu, ama-hyparchosaurs - izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Ngokuthola kwalokhu, ososayensi babuye baqinisekisa inkolelo-mbono yokuthi amanye ama-dinosaurs ayizilwane ezinegazi ezifudumele. Ezikhathini zasendulo, babedonsa amaqanda, njengezinyoni eziphilayo, kepha ukwakheka kwabo kwakusondele kakhulu kwizingwenya, kusho ososayensi. Ngama-dinosaurs kuphela, njengoba kwenzeka, azalwa ngokushesha okuncane kunezingwenya nezingwe.
