ISumatransky barbus ingenye yezinhlanzi ezijwayelekile ze-aquarium, ezithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokungahloniphi kwayo ekunakekelweni nasekulondolozeni. Lezi zinhlanzi ezikhanyayo futhi ezisebenzayo ezibukeka njenge-carp ephakathi nendawo ziyakwazi ukuvuselela noma yiliphi ichibi lokufakelwa.

Ezweni

I-Sumatran barbus (Puntigrus tetrazona) imele umndeni we-cyprinid, owaba ngumhlali wasemanzini eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-100 eyedlule, futhi namanje ukuthandwa kwawo akukapheli. Baqala bachazwa yi-ichthyologists ngonyaka we-1855.

Ngegama lezinhlanzi, kwembulwa kwendawo yalo. Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lwaluyisiqhingi esiqhingini saseSumatra naseBorneo, kodwa ekugcineni lwasakazekela emizimbeni yamanzi aseThailand, eCambodia naseSingapore. Manje ungathola ngisho nemikhakha yasendaweni yalezi zinhlanzi ezindaweni zokugcina zemvelo e-Australia, eColumbia nase-United States.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-barbs akhetha imifudlana yamahlathi kanye nezinkokhelo ezigeleza ehlathini. Banamanzi anesihlabathi esingaphansi, anamanzi ahlanzekile futhi aqukethe umoya-mpilo, izitshalo eziningi zikhula, ngamanye amagama - kukhona konke ukudla nendawo yokuhlala.

Ukuphila ezimweni zemvelo, ama-barbs awunawo umbala ogqamile njengalawo e-aquarium, atholakala ngenxa yocwaningo olude lokukhetha. Ngakho-ke, kwaqalwa ukwakhiwa kwegolide (ifomu le-albino), i-mossy, i-veil barbus nefomu lokushintshwa kofuzo lweGlobal ngemibala ekhanyayo ye-fluorescent yombala obomvu nphuzi. Ukuthola izimo ezinjalo ze-transgenic, izinhlobo zeprotheni ze-fluorescent zezakhamizi zasolwandle zangeniswa zafomu elidala.

Umzimba wamamabha uqine futhi unesibopho ovela ezinhlangothini, amaphiko awunxantathu, amadevu awekho. Izinhlobo ze-Aquarium zikhula zibe ngu-6 cm ubude. Isici esibonakalayo sombala walezi zinhlanzi imivimbo emine emnyama edlula emzimbeni wonke. Ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila kwabo sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-6.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Ukulungiswa kwe-Sumatran barbs akudingekile ukudala noma yiziphi izimo ezithile ezinzima. Umuntu osebenza emanzini angaqala ukubhekana nokunakekelwa yizo. Njengoba izinhlanzi ziya esikoleni, khona-ke ama-aquariums anamthamo wamalitha angama-70 noma ngaphezulu, lapho isikole senhlanzi eziyisithupha sizizwa sikhulu, sikulungele ukuzigcina.

Uma uthatha i-aquarium yamalitha angama-30, khona-ke ama-barb ama-Sumatran ayi-3 kuphela angazizwa emnandi kuwo, futhi ungeke uthole noma ngubani ukuba akhelwe kuwo, okungeke kubukeke kumangalisa kangako.

Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zenhlabathi. Izinhlanzi ezinemigqa zibukeka zilungile ngemuva kwesizinda somhlabathi onesihlabathi noma amatshe amancane amnyama aluhlaza. Njengemihlobiso, ungasebenzisa amatshe amakhulu noma izigaxa ezahlukahlukene.

Edongeni, kubalulekile ukudala izindawo ezitshalwe kakhulu ngama-greens ukuze amabhagi kuzo akwazi ukucasha futhi aphumule komunye nomunye. Isikhungo se-aquarium sishiywe simahla.ukuze izinhlanzi zibe nethuba lokuhlala obala. Njengoba imikhomo yomkhomo omfushane ingagxuma iphume emanzini, i-aquarium kumele imbozwe ngengilazi noma esinye isembozo.

Kufanele kube nomoya-mpilo owanele emanzini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka isihlungi samandla afanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugeleza okulula kwamanzi okuvela kuyo kuzosiza ukugcina ama-barb eSumatran esesimweni esihle. Ngokuqondene nokukhanya, ukukhanya kungaba kokubili okulinganiselayo nokugqamile.

Ukuze izinhlanzi zizizwe zikhululekile, izinhlaka eziyisisekelo zamanzi kufanele zibhekwe:

• izinga lokushisa - 20-26 ° C,
• i-acidity - pH: 5-8,
• ukuqina - dH kuze kufike ku-18 °,
• umthamo omncane wamanzi kumuntu ngamunye amalitha ayi-10.

Qiniseka ukuthi esikhundleni samasonto onke replace kwenani eliphelele lamanzi ku-aquarium okusha.

Emvelweni, ama-Sumatran ama-barb adla ikakhulu ama-invertebrates amancane asemanzini, futhi ezimeni ze-aquarium noma yikuphi okuphilayo okukhona nokwenziwe ngokufakelwa. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala zidinga ukudla kwezitshalo, ngakho-ke ziyajabula ukukha izitshalo kanye namaqoqo e-algae engilazini. Kodwa-ke, akufanelekile ukubala ukuthi ama-barbs azohlanza ngokucophelela i-aquarium!

Ukuvumelana

Uma ama-barbs ehlala emhlambini wabantu abayisithupha, khona-ke lezi yizidalwa ezinokuthula impela ezingasondelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi, ngoba bazosebenzisa wonke amandla abo emidlalweni eqenjini labo. Kepha uma kunesimangaliso esisodwa noma ezimbili zalolu hlobo ku-aquarium, khona-ke izinga lokuhlukumezeka landa lize liphenduke laba yiziqhwaga - amaphekula.

Cishe ngokuthula, ama-barbs angahlangana nemillies, isapphire tetras, i-pecilia, i-iris, ameva, iCongo, i-zebrafish, i-catfish (ngokwesibonelo, i-panacus noma i-corridos).

Awukwazi ukuhlanganisa ama-barbs futhi ubhukuda kancane izinhlanzi ngeveli noma amaphiko ahlanzekile ku-aquarium efanayo. Uma ufaka i-goldenfish, cockerels, i-angelfish, i-gourami noma iminduze emabheji amithende, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi azodonsa imisila yawo nemisila emihle. Lapha izinhlanzi ezinhle ngeke zonge lutho.

Isikhumba esimhlophe

Lokhu kungenye ye-pathologies ejwayelekile eyenzeka kulolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi. Phakathi kwezimpawu zayo, ngaphezu kokubabaza nokudla okuncishisiwe, umuntu angahlukanisa ushintsho olumhlophe ngombala we-dorsal fin nesikhumba eduze nomsila, ukukhanya noma ukunyamalala ngokuphelele kwemivimbo. Ibarbus egulayo cishe ihlala ikhona njalo, kanti inhlansi yangaphakathi iyaphuma.

Imbangela yesikhumba esimhlophe ngamagciwane angena e-aquarium enezakhamizi ezintsha (izitshalo noma inhlanzi). Ukubhekana nobubi, kufanele:

1. Esitsheni esilungiselelwe, thela i-oxacillin (40 mg ilitha 1).
2. Cwilisa abantu abangenwe yisisombululo esilungiselelwe izinsuku eziyi-5.
3. Geza futhi ukhipha amagciwane e-aquarium eyinhloko.
4. Hlanza izinhlanzi kulo muthi bese uzibuyisela ku-aquarium eyakhiwe kabusha.

Ukuphila endalweni

Lawa ma-cyprinid ayizinhlanzi ezidumile kakhulu ze-aquarium isikhathi eside, futhi ungalahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwawo. Bathola igama labo elithile ngoba baqhamuka esiqhingini saseSumatra.

Kuliqiniso, akukaze kubanjwe isikhathi eside emvelweni, kepha kuye kwatholakala ngempumelelo e-Southeast Asia naseYurophu yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezakhiwe ngokungemthetho ezikhona - i-albino, enamaphiko weveli nokuhlaza.

Yaqala yachazwa nguBlacker ngonyaka we-1855. Ezweni eziqhingini zaseSumatra, Borneo, kutholakala naseCambodia naseThailand. Kuqala, yatholakala kuphela eBorneo naseSumatra, kodwa-ke yaziswa ngokwethulwa. Abantu abaningi bahlala ngisho naseSingapore, e-Australia, e-USA nase Colombia.

Emvelweni, bahlala emifuleni ethule nemifudlana etholakala ehlathini elimnyama. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, imvamisa amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu anokuqukethwe komoya ophelele, isihlabathi phansi, kanye namatshe kanye ne-Driftwood enkulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu kakhulu lezitshalo. Zidla emvelweni ngezinambuzane, nge-detritus, nangama-algae.

Incazelo

Ibarbus yaseSumatran inomzimba omude, oyindilinga nekhanda elikhombe. Lezi izinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo, ngokwemvelo zikhula zize zifinyelele ku-7 cm, e-aquarium kancane. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle baphila iminyaka eyi-6.

Umbala womzimba ubomvu ophuzi ngombala omnyama obonakala kakhulu. Amaphiko abomvu ngombala, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuhlanza noma ekuvuseleleni. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ama-muzzle abo ayaqhuma.

Ubunzima kokuqukethwe

Ikulungele kahle inani elikhulu le-aquarium futhi ingagcinwa ngisho nakubaqalayo. Babekezelela ushintsho oluhle lwendawo yokuhlala, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isifiso sabo somsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, i-aquarium kufanele ibe namanzi ahlanzekile futhi anomoya omuhle. Futhi ungayigcina kude nezinhlanzi zonke, ngokwesibonelo, ukucindezelwa okungapheli kuzonikezwa ku-Goldfish.

Okufanayo kuya kwezinhlanzi ezinamaphini amade, weveli noma inhlanzi ehamba kancane. Isici somlingisi ukuthi kungancina omakhelwane ngamaphini.

Lokhu kuziphatha kujwayelekile kwezinhlanzi ezihlala ngaphandle kwephakethe, ngoba ukugcinwa kwephakethe kubaphoqa ukuthi babheke ubukhosi futhi bahlanganyele nezihlobo.

Gwema izinto ezimbili: aqukethe ibha eyodwa noma amabili bese uhlanganisa nezinhlanzi ezinamaphiko amade.

Ukondla

Badla zonke izinhlobo zokudla okuphilayo, okubandayo noma okufakwayo. Kungcono ukuthi umondle ngendlela ehluke kakhulu, ukuze ulondoloze umsebenzi nempilo yamasosha omzimba.

Isibonelo, isisekelo sokudla kungaba ngamabele asezingeni eliphakeme, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho anikeze ukudla okubukhoma - ama-bloodworms, ishubhu, i-artemia ne-Corpetra.

Kuyalule futhi ukuthi ungeze ama-flakes aqukethe i-spirulina, njengoba izitshalo zingadla.

I-Sumatran barbus itantanta kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi, kepha ithanda eyaphakathi. Le yinhlanzi esebenzayo, lapho udinga isikhala esiningi samahhala.

Izinhlanzi ezivuthiwe ezihlala emhlambini wabantu abangu-7, udinga i-aquarium enamalitha angama-70 noma ngaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ibe yinde ngokwanele, ngobubanzi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye etshalwe nezitshalo.

Khumbula ukuthi abagxeki bangama-jumpers amahle futhi bangakwazi ukuphuma emanzini.

Bazivumelanisa kahle namapharamitha wamanzi ahlukene, kepha bazizwa behle kakhulu ku-pH 6.0-8.0 naku-dH 5-10. Emvelweni, bahlala emanzini athambile futhi ane-acidic, ngakho-ke amanani aphansi azoncamela. Lokho wukuthi, pH 6.0-6.5, dH cishe nge-4.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi - 23-26 ° С.

Ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi - sebenzisa isihlungi sangaphandle esihle bese usishintsha njalo.

Ukugcina kulula kuhle kuma-aquarists awo wonke amazinga. Ziqine impela, inqobo nje uma amanzi ehlanzekile futhi ibhalansi igcinwa emanzini. Kungcono ukutshala izitshalo eziningi ku-aquarium, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi kukhona indawo yamahhala yokubhukuda.

Kodwa-ke, zingabhoboza amahlumela athambile ezitshalo, yize zikwenza lokhu akuvamile. Ngokusobala ngenani elanele lokudla kwezitshalo ekudleni.

Kubalulekile ukugcina kwiphakethe, ngenani lezingcezu eziyi-7 noma ngaphezulu. Kepha khumbula ukuthi lokhu kuyisixhwanguxhwangu, hhayi ukuba nolaka, kepha kuyize.

Bazokhuphuca ngentshiseko iminjunju ngeveli nangezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane, ngakho-ke omakhelwane kudingeka bakhethwe ngobuhlakani.

Kepha okuqukethwe kwipakethe kunciphisa kakhulu ukuzikhukhumeza kwabo, njengoba isikhundla samakhosi sisungulwa futhi ukunakwa kuyashintshwa.

Ukwehluka kobulili

Kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Abesifazane banesisu esikhudlwana futhi bayindilinga ngokubonakalayo.

Abesilisa banombala ogqamile, omncane ngosayizi futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza baba nesifindo se-redder.

Ukuzala

Abaphangi abangakhathaleli inzalo yabo, ngaphezu kwalokho, badla amaqanda abo ngobugovu ithuba elincane. Ngakho-ke ngokuzalanisa uzodinga i-aquarium ehlukile, mhlawumbe ngenethi evikela phansi.

Ukunquma umbhangqwana ofanele, ama-barb eSumatran athengwa emhlambini futhi akhule ndawonye. Ngaphambi kokusaphazeka, lo mbhangqwana uphekelwa kakhulu ngokudla okuphilayo kwamaviki amabili, bese ubekwa emhlabathini oqabulayo.

Ekuqhekekeni, kufanele kube namanzi athambile (aze afike ku-5 dH) kanye namanzi ane-acid (pH 6.0), izitshalo eziningi ezinamaqabunga amancane (iJavanese moss) nenethi evikela ezansi.

Ngenye indlela, ungashiya phansi unqunu ukuze uqaphele amaqanda ngokushesha bese ulahla abazali.

Njengomthetho, ukuqhuma kuqala ekuseni, kepha uma lo mbhangqwana ungaqalanga ukunqamula kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-2, lapho-ke udinga ukufaka ingxenye yamanzi ngamanzi amasha futhi ukhuphule izinga lokushisa ngamadigri amabili ngaphezulu kwalawo asetshenziselwa wona.

Owesifazane ubeka amaqanda acishe abe ngama-200, amaqanda aphuzi, owesilisa uwafaka ngokushesha.

Lapho nje wonke amakhokho evundiswa, abazali kufanele basuswe ukuze bagweme ukudla i-caviar. Faka i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emanzini bese kuthi ngemuva kwamahora angama-36, amaqanda aqandeke.

Kwezinye izinsuku ezi-5, izibungu zizodla okuqukethwe ku-yolk sac, khona-ke owesilisa uyobhukuda. Okokuqala udinga ukumondla nge-microworm ne-infusoria, bese udlulisa ama-feed amakhulu.

Yura Lyashkevich

ISUMATRAN BARBUS - ISILULEKILE SELEPY
Inhlanzi ye-Aquarium Sumatran barbus (Puntius tetrazona, owayekade eyiBarbus tetrazona), yinhlanzi ekhanyayo futhi esebenzayo ezovuselela noma iyiphi i-biotope. Le yinhlanzi encane, enomzimba obomvu ophuzi nemivimbo emnyama, okwathi ngesiNgisi yaze yabizwa nangokuthi i-tiger barbus. Lapho zikhula, umbala uyafiphala kancane, kodwa nokho umhlambi wamaSaratran barbs e-aquarium ungumbono okhethekile.
4sgx

Lawa ma-cyprinid ayizinhlanzi ezidumile kakhulu ze-aquarium isikhathi eside, futhi ungalahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwawo. Babizwa ngokuthi iSumatran ngoba bavela esiqhingini saseSumatra. Kuliqiniso, akukaze kubanjwe isikhathi eside emvelweni, kepha kuye kwatholakala ngempumelelo e-Southeast Asia naseYurophu yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sekuvele kunezindlela eziningana ezihlotshiswe ngokungemthetho zeSumatran barbus - i-albino, enamaphiko weveli nokuhlaza.

Ukugcina iSumatran ilula futhi kulula kwabasolwandle bamazinga ahlukile. Ziqine impela, inqobo nje uma amanzi ehlanzekile futhi ibhalansi igcinwa emanzini. E-aquarium enamabha weSumatran, kungcono ukutshala izitshalo eziningi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi futhi kube nendawo yamahhala yokubhukuda. Kodwa-ke, zingabhoboza amahlumela athambile ezitshalo, yize zikwenza lokhu akuvamile. Ngokusobala ngenani elanele lokudla kwezitshalo ekudleni.

Kubalulekile ukugcina ama-barb eSumatran kwiphakethe, ngenani le-7 noma ngaphezulu. Kepha khumbula ukuthi i-barbus yaseSumatran iyisixhwanguxhwangu, ayisihlukumezi, kepha iyihaba. Bazokhuphuca ngentshiseko iminjunju ngeveli nangezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane, ngakho-ke omakhelwane kudingeka bakhethwe ngobuhlakani. Kepha okuqukethwe kwipakethe kunciphisa kakhulu ukuzikhukhumeza kwabo, njengoba isikhundla samakhosi sisungulwa futhi ukunakwa kuyashintshwa.

UKUPHILA KULULA
I-Sumatran barbecue fish yaqala yachazwa yiBlecker ngo-1855. Izwe lakubo eSumatra, Borneo, liyatholakala naseCambodia naseThailand. Ekuqaleni, yatholakala eBorneo naseSumatra, noma kunjalo, manje isisakaze. Abantu abaningana bahlala ngisho naseSingapore, e-Australia, e-USA nase Colombia. Emvelo bahlala emifuleni ethule nemifudlana etholakala ehlathini eliminyene. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, imvamisa amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu anokuqukethwe komoya ophelele, isihlabathi phansi, kanye namatshe kanye ne-Driftwood enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu kakhulu lezitshalo. Amarabha weSumatran adla emvelweni ngezinambuzane, nge-detritus, nangama-algae.

ISIHLOKO
Ibarbus yaseSumatran inomzimba omude, oyindilinga nekhanda elikhombe. Lezi izinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo, ngokwemvelo zikhula zize zifinyelele ku-7 cm, e-aquarium kancane. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle baphila iminyaka eyi-6.
Umbala womzimba ubomvu ophuzi ngombala omnyama obonakala kakhulu. Amaphiko abomvu ngombala, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuhlanza noma ekuvuseleleni. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ama-muzzle abo ayaqhuma.
Usisi-

UKUPHEPHA KULO OKUQUKETHWE
Ikulungele kahle inani elikhulu le-aquarium futhi ingagcinwa ngisho nakubaqalayo. Babekezelela ushintsho oluhle lwendawo yokuhlala, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isifiso sabo somsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, e-aquarium enama-Sumatran barb kufanele kube namanzi ahlanzekile futhi anomoya omuhle. Futhi awukwazi ukuyigcina kanye nazo zonke izinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, i-Goldfish izonikezwa ngengcindezi engapheli.

UKUDLA
Badla zonke izinhlobo zokudla okuphilayo, okubandayo noma okufakwayo. Kungcono ukuthi umondle ngendlela ehluke kakhulu, ukuze ulondoloze umsebenzi nempilo yamasosha omzimba. Isibonelo, isisekelo sokudla kwe-Sumatran barbus ingaba amakhwalithi wekhwalithi, futhi ngaphezu kokunikeza ukudla okubukhoma - ama-bloodworms, ishubhu, i-artemia ne-Corpetra. Kuyalule futhi ukuthi ungeze ama-flakes aqukethe i-spriulina, ngoba njengabafokazi bangaphazamisa izitshalo.
I-Sumatran barbus itantanta kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi, kepha ithanda eyaphakathi. Le yinhlanzi esebenzayo, lapho udinga isikhala esiningi samahhala. Izinhlanzi ezivuthiwe ezihlala emhlambini wabantu abangu-7, udinga i-aquarium enamalitha angama-70 noma ngaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi ibe yinde ngokwanele, ngobubanzi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye etshalwe nezitshalo. Khumbula ukuthi abagxeki bangama-jumpers amahle futhi bangakwazi ukuphuma emanzini.
Bazivumelanisa kahle namapharamitha wamanzi ahlukene, kepha bazizwa behle kakhulu ku-pH 6.0-8.0 naku-dH 5-10.Emvelweni, bahlala emanzini athambile futhi ane-acidic, ngakho-ke amanani aphansi azoncamela. Okusho ukuthi, pH 6.0-6.5, dH cishe 4. Amazinga okushisa amanzi angama-23-26C.
Ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi - sebenzisa isihlungi sangaphandle esihle bese usishintsha njalo.

Ukwehluka kobulili
Kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Abesifazane banesisu esikhudlwana futhi bayindilinga ngokubonakalayo. Abesilisa banombala ogqamile, omncane ngosayizi futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza baba nesifindo se-redder.
ihlosi-4e

UKUPHANGULA IBHALABHESHAMU SUMATRAN
Abaphangi abangakhathaleli inzalo yabo, ngaphezu kwalokho, badla amaqanda abo ngobugovu ithuba elincane. Ngakho-ke ngokuzalanisa i-Sumatran barbus uzodinga i-aquarium ehlukile, mhlawumbe ngenethi evikela ezansi. Ukunquma umbhangqwana ofanele, ama-barb eSumatran athengwa emhlambini futhi akhule ndawonye. Ngaphambi kokusaphazeka, lo mbhangqwana uphekelwa kakhulu ngokudla okubukhoma amasonto amabili, bese kuthunyelwa ku-Spawning.

Ukuqhekeka: Ngokuqhekeka, kufanele kube namanzi athambile (aze afike ku-5 dH) kanye ne-acidic (pH 6.0), izitshalo eziningi ezinamaqabunga amancane (iJavanese moss) nenethi evikela ezansi. Njengenketho, ungashiya phansi unqunu ukuze uqaphele ngokushesha amaqanda bese ubeka abazali kude. Njengomthetho, ukuqhekeka kwamabha kuqala ekuqaleni kokusa, uma lo mbhangqwana ungaqalanga ukunqwabelana kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-2, lapho-ke udinga ukufaka ingxenye yamanzi entsha futhi ukhuphule izinga lokushisa ngamadigri amabili ukuphakama lena abajwayele yona.

Ibar Sumatran barbus ibeka amaqanda acishe abe ngu-200, aphuzi, lapho owesilisa aqala ukumilisa khona. Lapho nje wonke amakhokho evundiswa, abazali kufanele basuswe ukuze bagweme ukudla i-caviar. Faka i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emanzini bese kuthi ngemuva kwamahora angama-36, amaqanda aqandeke. Kwezinye izinsuku ezi-5, izibungu zizodla okuqukethwe ku-yolk sac, khona-ke owesilisa uyobhukuda. Okokuqala udinga ukumondla nge-microworm ne-infusoria, bese udlulisa ama-feed amakhulu.

Amabha wokudla

Njengomthetho, zonke izinhlobo zamamabha ase-aquarium (ngaphandle kokumbalwa) azithobeki ekudleni futhi zizodla okukunikezayo. Ukudla okubukhoma, okusanhlamvu, ama-vitamin complexes - konke kuzothandwa.

Kuyadingeka ukubuyisa lokhu kudla ngezakhi zezitshalo:

• amaqabunga wesipinishi oqoshiwe
• ikhukhamba
• nettle
• amaqabunga e-dandelion.

Yondla izilwane zakho ezifuywayo kungabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Kufanele badle noma yikuphi ukuphakelwa ngemizuzu eyi-10.

Habitat

Igama lesibili nguSumatran Puntius. Ngokwemvelo, izinhlanzi zihlala e-Indonesia naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (umdabu weziqhingi zaseSumatra naseKalimantan). Manje isiyatholakala eSingapore, Colombia nase-United States. Endle, iSumatran barbus ihlala emifuleni ehlanzekile enezitshalo eziningi, amatshe ahlukahlukene namagatsha ezihlahla atholakala kabusha. Idla nge-algae, izinambuzane kanye ne-detritus.

Izilwane ezifuywayo Igolide neSiliva

Isikebhe se-Peppermint noma iSumatran - Kubhekwa njengezinhlobo ezibonakala kakhulu. Umbala wegolide ngombala opinki. Imivimbo imnyama, iqonde. Inhlanzi ikhula ibe ngu-5 cm. Inobungane futhi ayifuni kakhulu. Kulula ukuzalanisa.

Odessa - ngithole igama lokubonga endaweni lapho lalithengiswa khona ekuqaleni. Abesilisa babonakala ngombala obomvu, amachashazi amancanyana emithini. Abesifazane banciphile. Ngemuva kwesembozo sama-gill emzimbeni wesigaxa kukhona umucu omnyama ogijima ubheke phezulu. Inhlanzi yabantu abadala incane, 4 cm ubude.

Maheola - Isilivere ebonwayo efinyelela ku-7 cm ngosayizi. Amaphisi weTranslucent, kanti isipikili somsila sinomngcele obomvu omnyama. Eduzane nomsila kun ichashaza elimnyama. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, izinsikazi zilwela ukunakwa kwezinsikazi, zithola imibala kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Iphuzu elinombala nelilodwa

UBarbus Dawkins - ibizwa nangokuthi izimpaphe. Inhlanzi ifinyelela ku-12 cm, inombala ohehayo - umugqa onamachashazi abomvu uhambisana nomugqa we-lateral, futhi indawo enkulu emnyama ibekwe phansi komsila. Umhlane uyigolide kanti phansi yisiliva. Ama-baraw e-Dawkins ahamba ngeselula, kepha ngasikhathi sinokuthula, hlangana nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kepha kuphela uma zilingana.

Itafula elincane - uthole igama elihlonipha i-Czech wezologist. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezindala zincanyana, zingama-5 cm kuphela, zinombala wesiliva, kanti ngaphansi komsila wazo indawo ezele. Lapho uhlela i-aquarium, nikeza ukukhetha ekwakheni indawo yemvelo. Inhlanzi iyathandeka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqoqa ngokushesha abantu abangu-9-10.

Iphuzu elilodwa - okuthiwa - ngenxa ichashaza elimnyama elisemsileni walo, liyindilinga ophuzi. Ubude buyi-9 cm, umbala wesiliva. Cwilisa ethangini okungenani amalitha angama-80.

Abathandi besikhala nezitshalo

Kuvinjelwe - Ukhula ngobukhulu obuphakathi, kuze kufike ku-5 cm ubude Kubonakala ngombala wesiliva ngemivimbo engalingani, amachashazi. Amaphiko ayadlula, njengomsila, kanti abesilisa banombala ofanayo nowesifazane. Kungcono ukufaka isihlungi esinamandla e-aquarium, ngoba endaweni yemvelo bajwayela ukuhlala emizimbeni yamanzi enegesi enamandla angenamandla.

Tulip - Inombala wesiliva, ezansi yomsila kukhona ukuthinta okumnyama. Lezi izinhlanzi ezincane, ezikhula zibe ngama-3 cm kuphela. Owesilisa uhlukaniswa ngentambo ebomvu ezungeze umlomo wakhe, kuthi ngesikhathi sokuzala iba yinsimbi. Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane, bazizwa bekhululekile kuphela ezindaweni zasemanzini ezinamanzi amaningi anezimila ezihlanzekile nezigobho. Shintsha u-40% wamanzi e-aquarium masonto onke.

I-Aeromonosis

I-Aeromonosis noma i-rubella yisifo esithathelwanayo ama-barbs angasibamba ezinhlanzini ezithelelekile noma ngamathuluzi angcolile. Ukutheleleka kungena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ama-gill noma amanxeba emzimbeni, kanti isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-3-8.

Izimpawu zalesi sifo ezimelana nesizinda sokonakala okuvamile kanye nokulahlekelwa yinhliziyo ukubukeka kwezilonda namabala abomvu emzimbeni, ukubola kwe-anal fin. Ngeshwa, ngokubonakaliswa okunje, akusekho amandla okusindisa izinhlanzi, futhi ngokusobala abantu abaphilile baphethwe kanjena:

1. Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ebusuku, isixazululo se-bicillin-5 sithululelwa emanzini.
2. Ama-barbs athelelekile agcinwa amahora angama-6 emathileyi anama-antibiotic (chloramphenicol, synthomycin) ne-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium ezikhe zathola i-rubella zithole ukungatheleleki kwalesi sifo, kepha zingadala ukutheleleka kwezinye izakhamizi.

Izinhlobo

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabafuyi bezitshalo, izinhlobo eziningi zeSumatran Barbus manje sezizalwa, ezihluke kakhulu ezihlotsheni zazo zasendle ezihlala endaweni yazo yemvelo. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yezinguquko kumapharamitha wamanzi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zivezwe ngezansi.

Izinhlobo zokukhetha zeSumatran barbus

Abafuyi bakwazile ukukhipha izinhlobo ezintsha zama-barbs, ezivame ukutholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini.

• Ibarbus emnyama eluhlaza. Kufaka: i-mossy barbus noma i-mutant, ihlosi eliluhlaza. I-mossy barbus inomzimba ophakeme wombala oluhlaza okomnyama, amaphiko amnyama anombala obomvu. I-green tiger barbus ihlukile kulokhu okungenhla nge-tint yegolide nesisu esinemibala ekhanyayo.
• Albino Lokhu kufaka phakathi: i-albino, i-barbus yegolide kanye ne-barbus ye-sitrobheli. Umzimba we-barbus wegolide ne-albino ukhilimu othinta igolide. Imivimbo emile yombala omhlophe idlula emzimbeni. Amaphiko we-Transparent nge-pink noma i-pink edging red. Ikhanda linombala obomvu. Umzimba webarbus we-sitrobheli uhlukile kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla ngombala opinki okhanyayo.

• Amabhagi kaPlatinamu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iPlatinamu, iPlatinamu kanye neGreen Platinum. Iblatinamu emhlophe enamaphiko amnyama. Umbala weblue platinamu omhlophe-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaphiko amnyama. ISumatran barbus Platinum emhlophe ngetint yegolide.
• Amabhagi weveni ukwakheka komzimba wabo kufana neNgqungquthela, kuphela zinamaphini amahle amade.

• Amabha akhazimulayo - izinhlanzi eziguqulwe ngofuzo ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma obomvu ngemivimbo emnyama mpo. Usayizi nokuqukethwe akuhlukile kunhlobo evamile yokuqophisana.

Gcina izinhlambi zomhlambi wabantu abayisithupha e-aquarium enamanzi amalitha angama-70 noma ngaphezulu. Kumiswa isikhundla samakhosi emhlanjini, ngokujaha nokuqedelana kuqalise, okungaholeli kunoma yini embi. Ukwenza abaphangi abanemigqa bakhululeke, tshala izitshalo eziphilayo e-aquarium: i-kabombu, i-spallal vallisneria, i-hygrophil enezinhlamvu eziningi, i-lemongrass. Sebenzisa i-driftwood, amatshe njengomhlobiso. Ungabopha u-Anubias kubo, kepha kuyodingeka wenqabe iJavanese moss, njengoba nenhlanzi ithanda ukuyikhipha, idukisa izungeza. Qinisekisa ukushiya isikhala sezilwane ezifuywayo ukubhukuda. Inhlabathi nesizinda, khetha umbala omnyama, omnyama, kuso isengezo sizobukeka sikhanya.

Qaphela! Uma ama-barb weSumatran agcinwa ngamanani amancane (ama-1-3 fish), abe esenolaka. Baqala ukulwa bodwa futhi nomakhelwane. Musa ukutshala ama-fry barbs e-aquarium, ngoba azoqala ukuzingela futhi ekugcineni azidle zonke. Okufanayo kuya nge-shrimp.

Kufanele kube nokuhlungwa okuhle ku-aquarium. Ukushisa kwamanzi okujabulisayo kwezinhlanzi kungama-degree angama-21-25. Ukuze uyilondoloze, kufakwa ihektha ku-aquarium. Kanye ngesonto, fafaza inhlabathi, bese ubeka amanye amanzi ayi-25-30%. Ama-Hooligans akhetha ukubhukuda phakathi nohlu lwamanzi oluphakathi naphansi.

Yehla

I-Dropsy ukunqwabelana koketshezi oluyi-edematous emzimbeni wethambo. Imbangela yalesi sifo kuvame kakhulu ukungukutheleleka ngegciwane, ukulimala kwamagciwane, ikhwalithi engemihle yamanzi ku-aquarium kanye nezinguquko zayo ezibukhali, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo.

Kumuntu ogulayo, kuvela ama-flakes, i-gill isembozo siyasuka, isisu nezinhlangothi zidumbile, i-anus iyakhishwa, imivimbo lihlulwe ngenxa ye-edema yesikhumba. Izimpawu zingahle zingabonakali konke ngasikhathi sinye.

Akunakwenzeka ukusindisa inhlanzi egulayo ezigabeni zakamuva, kepha ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, ungazama ukuthuthukisa isimo sayo ngokuyifaka ngesixazululo se-chloromycetin (80 ml / 10 l) imizuzu engama-30.

UBarbus - u-Albino

Le nhlanzi inomzimba opinki namehlo abomvu akhanyayo. Imigqa ebonakaliswa nguBarbus ikhona, kepha ayimnyama, kepha ibomvu ngokusinki. Izinhlanzi ze-Albino futhi zifaka izinhlanzi ezinomzimba wegolide nomlomo omnyama, ngombala wensimbi, kanye ne- "platinamu" noma "ihlosi", lapho imivimbo yesimo ilula kunomzimba, kwesinye isikhathi iblue. Ngokukhafula noma injabulo enkulu emadodeni, ubomvu bekhanda buyabonakala. Ama-Albino ngokuvamile awanayo ngokuphelele imbozo ye-gill, kepha ngasikhathi sinye azizwe emkhulu futhi lokhu akubavimbeli ukuthi baphile impilo egcwele.

Qeda ukubola

it isifo esivame kakhulu ezinhlanzini zase-aquarium. Ama-pathogen ayo angama-bacterium i-Pseudomonas fluorescens, angangena e-aquarium ngokudla, okokuhlobisa, inhlabathi noma inhlanzi entsha engazange ibekelwe.

Kumabhaqhagi anezifo, umbala wazo ushintsha nezinsimbi ziyaqhuma, amehlo abe ngamafu, kuvela amabala emzimbeni wonke ngenxa yokuvalwa kwemithambo yegazi, futhi esigabeni sokugcina izilonda emzimbeni wonke.

Ukusindisa abakhileyo be-aquarium, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni samaphesenti angama-30 amanzi amasha, uhlanze i-aquarium nakho konke okuqukethwe kuyo (inhlabathi, ukuhlobisa, izitshalo). Ama-barbs agulayo atshala ethangini elihlukile ngokwelashwa okwalandela ukubulala amagciwane.

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Ama-Barbus aqhakaza kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma uwasebenzisa ngokweqile, ungavusa ukuthuthuka kokukhuluphala, okuthi esikhathini esizayo kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane.

Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhuluphala ziwumsebenzi ophansi nokunganaki, ukwanda kosayizi womzimba kuqhathaniswa nokujwayelekile. Ukulungisa lesi simo, kwanele ukushiya inhlanzi ngaphandle kokudla izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, bese usungula indlela ejwayelekile yokudla.

Ungawondla kanjani ama-Sumatran barb

Lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi lumangalisa futhi luhlala lambile. Badla okuqandwe kahle futhi baphila ngokudla: ama-bloodworms, daphnia, tubule, artemia. Ngeke benqabe ama-chip asezingeni eliphakeme, ama-flakes, kanye namathebulethi e-catfish. Bancamela ukuthatha ukudla kwikholamu yamanzi, kepha uma kunesidingo badla kahle kokubili ebusweni nangaphansi.

Ekudleni, kuyadingeka ukufaka ukudla kwemifino. Kungaba ama-chips noma amaphilisi ane-spirulina, kanye nezicucu zamakhukhamba, i-zucchini, ulethisi kanye ne-nettle efakwe emanzini abilayo. Ngokuntuleka kokudla kwezitshalo, izinhlanzi zizodla amahlumela amancane ezitshalo.

Amabhubhana weSumatran athambekele ebusheni. Uma ungalawuli inani lokuphakelayo, khona-ke ziyadlulisela, zikhuluphe futhi zife. Ngakho-ke, okuphakelayo kufanele kunikezwe ngokulinganisela. Kanye ngosuku, kungcono ngosuku lokuhlanza, awukwazi ukondla izinhlanzi.

Ukuzala izitha

Ama-barbs izinhlanzi ezihlwayelayo. E-aquarium enezimo ezinhle, zingabonakala zodwa. Kepha kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuthola inzalo, njengoba inhlanzi ezindala zidla i-caviar. Uma ufuna ukuzalanisa ingxabano, lungiselela lokhu kuqhekeka ngevolumu engu-20 amalitha noma ngaphezulu. Kumaviki awu-1.5-2 ngaphambi kokuhluma, izinsikazi zitshalwa ngokwahlukana kwabesilisa futhi zondliwe kahle ngamafidi ahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi lawo atshwayo.

Amanzi wokusabalalisa athathwe e-aquarium ejwayelekile bese kufakwa okusha okungu-30%. Bese beyishisa ibe ngama-29 degrees. Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amancane, isibonelo, i-kabombu, uphondo lwentaba, i-elodea, i-moss noma igridi yokuhlukanisa, zibekwa phansi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze abakhiqizi bangadli i-caviar. Akufanele kube khona iminenke ekuqhekekeni, ngoba yonakalisa amaqanda.

Abantu abaqeqeshiwe batshalwe ekunwetshweni kusihlwa nge-aeration encane futhi kufaka nokukhanya. Ukusakaza kuqala ekuseni. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda afinyelela kuma-500, owesilisa uwavundise. Ukusabalalisa kuvame kakhulu ukuphela phakathi kwemini. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, abakhiqizi bayabanda futhi badluliselwe ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Izitshalo noma inetha liyasuswa kule ndawo enamanzi, 1/3 lamanzi lishintshwa libe abilisiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho faka umuthi we-antifungal. Ngemuva kosuku, kuzovela izibungu, okuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-4 ungaqala ukondla nge-ciliates, artemia nauplii.

Ukudla okusha njalo. Ngemuva kokondla, okuphakelayo okuseleyo kuyasuswa bese kufakwa amanzi amasha. Fry ikhula ngokushesha, kepha ngokungalingani. Ukuvimbela izingane ezinkulu ekudleni ezincane, kufanele zihlelwe. Esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3, izinga lokushisa kumdwebi lincipha libe ngama-24 degrees.

I-Mossy barbus

Inombala wezithunzi ezahlukahlukene eziluhlaza, ezikhumbuza ama-moss, ngakhoke ithole leli gama. Imivimbo yale nhlobo yezilwane ecishe ihluke emjondolo omkhulu futhi ibanzi kakhulu, ingahlangana ndawonye. Amapeni ama-shades ahlukene obomvu norenji, ne-anal - ecishe ibe sobala. Ebudaleni nasekugugeni, umbala uyaphela. Lolu hlobo luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-mutants."

UMnu Tail uyancoma: izici zokuqukethwe kwe-aquarium

Ama-barbs asebenza kakhulu emvelweni, ngakho-ke kufanele adale izimo ezinesikhala esanele sokunyakaza. Izinhlanzi ezi-7 udinga i-aquarium yamalitha angama-70 noma ngaphezulu. Uwedwa, le nhlobo ingcono ukuthi ingaqali, njengoba iqala ukwethusa abanye abahlali, ilume imisila yayo kanye namaphiko. Lapho zigcinwa emhlanjini, ngokushesha zakha isikhundla ngaphakathi kwesikole, futhi ziziphatha ngokuthula xaxa maqondana nezinye izinhlanzi, zihlela umbukiso phakathi kwabafowethu.

Ukuhlela izimo ezinhle kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa phansi ngesihlabathi bese ubeka izigaxa eziningi nezindlu zeSumatran Barbus. Enye into ebalulekile ekuhlelweni kwe-aquarium ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu le-algae, lezi zinhlanzi ezizithanda kakhulu.

AmaSumatrans afunwa kakhulu ngamapharamitha wamanzi. Kufanele kube kububanzi + 23 ... + 26 ℃, ihlanzekile impela, ithambile futhi iphezulu komoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufaka isihlungi esihle ne-aerator ku-aquarium. Kepha abenzi izimfuno ezinkulu ekukhanyiseni, noma imiphi imodi nokuqina kuzokwenza. I-pH ekhetheke kakhulu yamanzi iphakathi kuka-6-8, ubunzima yi-17 °.

Ama-barbs agxuma kahle futhi angakwazi ukuphuma e-aquarium, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha amamodeli ane-lid ukuze lapho ufika ekhaya ungazitholi izinhlanzi ezifile.

Lapho izinhlobo zokuzalela zamaSumatrans zigcinwa, kuyadingeka ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngo-1 ... 2 ℃, ngoba athambile uma kuqhathaniswa nabalingani bawo.

Izifo Nokuvimbela

Lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi lezo ezitholakala emathangini amancane, angenele. Phakathi kwamanye ama-pathologies, umuntu angahlukanisa:

• I-Aeromonosis (rubella). AmaSumatransky Barbuses atheleleka kuwo kusuka ezinhlanzini ezigulayo noma ekuhlanzeni kabi kwemishini yokusebenza kwe-aquarium. URubella ubonakala ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-buccalis kanye ne-dropsy yesisu. Umzimba umbozwa izilonda namabala, amabala aqala ukukhuphuka. Lesi sifo sithinta nenhlala-kahle yezilwane ezifuywayo, ziyenqaba ukudla, azisebenzi, zintanta ebusweni futhi kukhona isikhathi eside. Ngendlela ebukhali, bafa ngokushesha ngokwanele. Baphathwa ngamabhati ane-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, chloramphenicol ne-synthomycin. Uma ukwelashwa kuqalwe sekwephuzile, ngeke kube nomphumela, isilwane sizokufa noma kunjalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nomuntu wasemanzini onolwazi ngokushesha futhi uzame ukusindisa izinhlanzi.
• Isikhumba esimhlophe. Kubonakala ngomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa nesikhumba. Ngalo, ukuhlangana kokunyakaza kuyaphazamiseka, imibala ibala esifundeni somsila kanye nasesigabeni se-dorsal. Baphathwa ngebhavu le-chloramphenicol.

Kuzo zombili izifo, ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele kwemishini yonke ye-aquarium kuyadingeka.