I-lynx yaseYurophu inezici ezijwayelekile zomndeni wekati, ifinyelela ngosayizi wenja enkulu. Ngokusho kwegama, i-lynx ihlala eYurophu.
Ubude bomzimba be-lynx yaseYurophu busuka kumasentimitha angama-82- 105, kanye nomsila ongu-20-31 cm. Isisindo somzimba sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-8-15. Ebusika, isisindo sabesilisa sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-18-20.
I-Lynx ejwayelekile (Lynx lynx).
Kuvamile emazweni anjengeFinland, iScandinavia, i-Albania, iRomania, iYugoslavia, iHungary, neCzechoslovakia, neGrisi, nePoland, ne-Ukraine Carpathians. Futhi, ama-lynxes aseYurophu ahlala eRussia.
Incazelo ye-European Lynx
Umzimba umunene, mfushane. Isihloko somsila sinqunywe. Izinyawo ziqinile futhi zinde, izindlebe zinxantathu ngesimo, iziphetho zikhonjwa futhi zahlotshiswa ngamakhekhe. Ikhanda liyindilinga ngesimo, lincane, linamakhaladi ezinhlangothini. Isizalo simfishane. Ukwakheka kwamehlo kubanzi, abafundi bame mpo.
Uboya be-lynx baseYurophu bukhulu futhi buthambile. Ijazi elide kunazo zonke esiswini. Umbala wejazi ubomvu grey, ngombala obomvu noma wesiliva. Ukuhlanza kwenzeka kabili ngonyaka: ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ehlobo, uboya bufushane futhi buba coarser, futhi umbala wawo uqhakazile kunasebusika. Ebusika, uboya buba mnene kakhulu.
Imilenze ye-lynx mikhulu, iyabizwa kahle ebusika, okuyivumela ukuba ihambe eqhweni ingaweli.
Indlela Yokuphila YaseYurophu Lynx
Ama-lynxes ase-Europe ahlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, akhetha amahlathi axubile, ikakhulukazi awezithulu futhi akhula kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, ama-lynxes aseYurophu aphila impilo eyedwa.
Abesilisa baphawula imingcele yezindawo zabo ngemfucuza, futhi baphawula izindlela zokuzingela ngomchamo.
Ama-lynxes aseYurophu angabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Ntambama, bayaphumula emgodini, bese bekhutheka kusihlwa. Bakhuphuka izihlahla ngokuphelele futhi babhukuda kahle. Izisulu zihlaselwa kusuka ekuqamekeleni: zikhetha indawo enombono omuhle bese zilinda ukuba kuqhamuke izisulu zazo. I-Lynx ingahlala inyakaza amahora amaningi, ihlangana kahle nesizinda sendawo. Umbono womhlaseli ubukhali kakhulu, nokuzwa kuncane, okusiza ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Lapho selitholile inyamazane, lynx isinxephezela ngesineke kulo.
Ama-Lynxes agxuma ngokuphelele, ayakwazi ukunqoba amamitha amane ngokugxuma.
Ama-Lynxes awahambi kahle kakhulu, ayakwazi ukujaha inyamazane cishe amakhilomitha angama-80, bese alahlekelwa amandla. Ama-ungulates ahlaselwa ebusika lapho engakwazi ukuphuma eqhweni. Ebusika, owesilisa oyedwa udla amakhilogremu ayi-2,5,3 ngosuku, kuthi lapho elambile - ama-5-6 kilogramu. Njengabazingeli abaningi, ama-lynxes aqhoboza izilwane ezinkulu kunalokho azidingayo.
Izwi le-lynx yaseYurophu libukhali, liqine futhi liphezulu. Isimo sokucasulwa, imithombo ye-lynx, futhi lapho ijabule, ihlanza njengekati. Esikhathini sokuzalela, ama-lynxes athela phezulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amemeza kakhulu.
Lalela izwi le-European Lynx
Ama-lynxes aseYurophu ayizilwane eziqaphile kangangokuba kuyaqabukela noma ngubani akwazi ukuzibona ngokwemvelo. Bahola indlela yokuphila exazululiwe, kepha lapho kungekho kudla okwenele noma emafrijini aqine bangena ohambweni. Ngobusuku obubodwa, i-lynx ingamboza amakhilomitha ayi-6-10. I-lynx idlula ngokuphelele esifundeni sayo ngezinsuku ezingama-5 ukuya kwezi-10. Yize ama-lynxes eqaphile, awesabi abantu kakhulu futhi lapho elamba angakwazi ukungena ezindaweni, ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu.
I-Lynx yizinhlobo ezisenyakatho zomndeni wonke wekati.
Isisekelo sokudla kwe-lynx yaseYurophu yi-hare emhlophe, kanti okunye ukudla okuqukethe ama-partridges, i-grouse emnyama, ama-squirrels, amagundane e-roe, ama-reindeer kanye ne-tor.
Isitha esikhulu se-lynx yaseYurophu ngumuntu. Ebusika, ama-wolverines namaphakethe wezimpisi azizingela. Uma i-lynx ihlangana ne-fox, ikati elifuywayo, inja ye-raccoon noma imfene, iyakusiluma ngokungananazi. Isikhathi sokuphila kwe-lynx yaseYurophu yiminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20.
Ukuzalela i-lynx yaseYurophu
Isikhathi sokuzalela kuma-lynxes aseYurophu zenzeka ngoFebhuwari-Mashi.Owesifazane unakekelwa ngabesilisa abaningi abalwa ngokufuthelana. Lapho abantu bobulili obuhlukile behlangana, babingelelana ngokuhlwitha amakhaleni abo bese beqala ukubophela emabunzini abo.
Owesifazane wenza umhume lapho ezokhulisa khona inzalo. Umgodi wenziwa ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla eziwile, emigodini, emihumeni nakwezinye izindawo ezivalekile. Kungasetshenziswa imisele ebheji. Owesifazane ulayini umhume ngezimpaphe, utshani noboya. Bobabili abazali banakekela izingane.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-63-70. Izala ama-kittens angama-2 noma ama-3 ayizithulu angaboni futhi anesisindo esingama-250- 300 amagremu.
Umbono uvela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12. Ngenyanga, izinsana ziqala ukuthola ukudla okuqinile njengentethe. Isikhathi sokudla ngobisi cishe izinyanga ezine. Kuze kube isizini elandelayo yokuzalanisa, abantu abasha bahlala nabantu abadala, bazingela kanyekanye. Ukuthomba emadodeni ama-lynxes aseYurophu kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingama-33, nakwabesifazane ekuqaleni kwezinyanga ezingama-21.
Habitat
I-lynx yaseYurophu okwamanje incane kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, ihola indlela yokuphila yemfihlo. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuyibona endle akuyona into elula kangako. Umsebenzi womzingeli wokuthola ikati leli uyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi uhlala kulezo zinselo, lapho kunzima kakhulu ukuluthola. Izindiza ezishaywe umoya ezindala, amahlathi amnyama e-taiga anamahloni aminyene omhlaba, lapho amaConifer ebusa khona - amaphayini kanye nesiqaqa - lezi yizindawo ezijwayelekile.
Izinzuzo kanye nokulimala kwama-lynxes aseYurophu kubantu
Uboya be-lynx baseYurophu muhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke bongwa kakhulu. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, inyama yalezi zilwane yayithathwa njengezibiliboco.
Ama-Lynxes abonisa ubudlelwano obuhle komunye nomunye ngokukhotha uboya.
Lezi zilwane zihlasela abantu nezilwane ezifuywayo kuyaqabukela. Phambilini, ama-lynxes ase-Europe ayebhekwa njengezinambuzane, kepha indima yawo kuma-biocenoses amahlathi ibaluleke kakhulu. Ama-lynxes asemasha abanjwe ekuthunjweni alungiswa kahle futhi aqeqeshwa.
Ividiyo
Noma ingatholakala emahlathini amancane. Ukuzama ukugwema umuntu. Uzwa ukusondela kwabantu ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa futhi uzama ukuhamba buthule, ngezikhathi ezithile ayeke futhi alalele. Yize ngeminyaka yokulamba, i-lynx ifuna ukudla ingena emadolobheni. Kwangathi kungahlasela amakati nezinja. Isisulu esinamandla amakhulu kangangokuba singabulala umalusi osekhulile.
Kepha amacala okuvela kwe-lynx ezindaweni zokuhlala ayaqabukela. Isakhi sakhe ihlathi elimnyama le-coniferous.
Inani labantu base-lynx baseYurophu
I-lynx yaseYurophu iyizinhlobo eziningi. Namuhla kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhombisa ze-European lynx:
• I-l. UDinniki uhlala e-Iran, eTurkey naseCaucasus,
• Felis lynx: L. l. Carpathicus uhlala eGrisi kanye Carpathians,
• I-l. I-Lynx ijwayelekile eMpumalanga naseNyakatho Yurophu,
• I-l. IKozlovi itholakala eCentral Siberia,
• I-l. U-Isabellinus uhlala eMongolia naseKashmir,
• I-l. Imibhalo ivame ukwenziwa eMpumalanga yeSiberia,
• I-l. UNeglectus uhlala eChina naseMpumalanga Ekude.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Impilo yeLynx ehlathini
Njengabahlaseli abaningi, kuholela kwendlela yobusuku nobusuku. Ukucinga inyamazane iza ngokushesha lapho kuqala ukubamnyama. I-lynx ejwayelekile izingela ama-hares. Uma kungenzeka, ihlasela nabulates - ama-roe deer, ama-musk deer, amaxhama abomvu, amabhungu amancanyana. Ungabamba squirrel, umfel 'ukholo. Ithanda inyama ye-hazel grouse, i-grouse emnyama, i-capercaillie. Ebusika, angababamba ezihlahleni.
Okunye okwaziwayo iqiniso lokuthi i-lynx inenzondo evuthayo yezimpungushe ... futhi ibabulala ngokushesha okukhulu. Noma kunjalo, ayidli. Kungani ikati inobutha obunjalo ngasePatrikeevna ingaqagelwa kuphela.
U-Lynx ungumzingeli ozelwe. Ngisho nezinyamazane ezinjengezingwe kanye nezimpisi zingaba nomona ngezimpawu zalo zokuzingela.
Lapho kusihlwa kufika ubumnyama, kuthi cwaka ehlathini. Kubukeka sengathi zonke izilwane zilele - akukho okuzwakalayo ngapha nangapha! Kepha ngalesi sikhathi i-lynx iya ekuzingeleni. Nakhu ezwa umsindo odabukisayo - imvubu ye-hare isisemunca wethimu elibabayo.
Izwa inyamazane, i-lynx ngokucophelela, ngaphandle komsindo ongadingekile, ingena emahlathini nasezihlahleni. Njengoba ebambe ibanga elifanelekile lokuhlaselwa (amamitha ayi-10-20), ulungiselela ukugxuma okubalulekile. I-hare engahloliwe idla amagxolo e-aspen. Umhlaseli wethu obonakalayo wenza ukugxagxuma okunamandla futhi ngo-2 000 weqa isisulu. Kungazelelwe, i-bunny isezicubu ze-lynx. Uma umuntu onamehlo amakhulu ezwa ukusongela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, khona manjalo uphuthuma kumadada. I-lynx imlandela ngamamitha angama-50-100, bese iyaphela bese iyama.
Ngaphezu kokuzingela ukudla, angalinda nenyamazane evela emqamekweni. Lesi sidlwengu singalinda inyamazane eduze kwemikhondo ye-hare, endaweni yokuchelela engenacala. Akagxumi esihlahleni sakhe ayise isisulu sakhe, yize elele nje egatsheni futhi aphumule, esehlise wonke ama-paws amane phansi.
I-bunny eyodwa yanele kuye izinsuku ezimbili. URoe deer - cishe isonto. Isisulu esikhulu esingedli masinyane singcwatshwa emhlabathini (ehlobo) noma sifafazwe yiqhwa (ebusika), futhi siseduze.
Iphila impilo yokuhlala. Noma uma ufuna ukudla kungahamba ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-30 ngosuku. Ama-Lynxes anesizungu ngokwemvelo. Kepha izinsikazi ezinamawundlu zihlala ndawonye izinyanga eziningana. Ngalesi sikhathi, umama ubafundisa amakhono okuzingela. Okokuqala, ulethela izilwane eziphilayo - amagundane, amahashe, njll., Adlala ngazo. Lapho-ke ama-lynxes ayahamba azingele nawo. NgoFebhuwari, insikazi ishayela amakhekhe, okwamanje akhulele futhi alungele impilo ezimele ye-taiga.
Kubantu abadala, ukushesha kuqala ngenyanga ebusika yokugcina. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa abaningana bayamaki ngemuva kowesifazane. Izimpi zenzeka phakathi kwabesilisa, okuhambisana nokukhala, ukukhipha kanye nokumemeza.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-70. Owesifazane oyedwa uletha isilinganiso sama-kittens angama-2-4 avula amehlo ngesonto lesibili lempilo. Ukusuka ezinyangeni ezi-4 kuye kweziyi-6 bondla ubisi, kepha lapho sebevele beneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 bashintshela ekudleni kwezilwane. Ama-Lynxes akhula ngokushesha okukhulu - ngokuwa, angeke ahlukaniswe ngosayizi kunina.
EYurophu nase-taiga yaseSiberia, izitha zazo eziyinhloko ze-lynx yizimpisi, ezizama ukumbamba nokuyibhinca noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Uvame ukusindiswa engozini ezihlahleni - ngenxa yezinhlaka ezibukhali kanye nama-paws aqinile awakhwela kahle. Uyakwazi nokubhukuda.
I-lynx inesikhathi sokuphila esingaba iminyaka eyi-15 ihlathi. Ekudingisweni - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
Ekhulwini lokugcina emazweni aseYurophu, inani le-lynx ejwayelekile lehle kakhulu. Kusala amakhulu ambalwa abantu ezwenikazi lonke. Njengamanje, ngenxa yezinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ezithathiwe, inani labantu lenyuke kakhulu.
Isibalo salesi silo sithinteka kabi ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, imililo yehlathi, ukuncipha kokudla kwabo kanye nokuzingela.
Izithombe lynx ehlathini
I-Lynx luhlobo lwesilo olusemndenini wekati. I-lynx ifana kakhulu nekati elikhulu, kuphela umsila umfushane, njengokungathi unqunywe, futhi kukhona izindlebe ezindlebeni. Isikhumba se-lynx sinsundu ngokunsundu ngamabala angabonakali. Amachashazi amnyama asabalale emithanjeni. ILynx igibela izihlahla ngokuphelele futhi igijima ngokushesha, igxuma layo lingafinyelela kubude obu-4 m.
Ihlala kuphi i-lynx: indawo yokuhlala yama-lynx
I-Lynx ithatha uhla olukhulu enyakatho yomhlaba weplanethi. E-Russia, ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini e-taiga engxenyeni yaseYurophu kanye naseSiberia, yize ezindaweni ingena ezigodini zemifula ngemifudlana noma kuyi-tundra. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu nobuningi babantu be-lynx libonakala endaweni engaseningizimu ye-taiga nasemahlathini ahlanganayo ehlathi. Ezindaweni ezinkulu zobubanzi eRussia, abantu abahlukile kakhulu hhayi ngobukhulu nje, kodwa futhi nangemibala. Iphethini efanayo iyabonakala ngisho nasezindaweni ezithile. Kuma-lynxes amabili abanjwe ehlathini elilodwa, izinga lokubona lingahluka kakhulu. Kwisilwane esisodwa, ukubona amabala kungahle kungabonakali futhi kungashintshi, kanti kwesinye isilwane singaba sikhulu futhi siqede umehluko, futhi cishe kuwo wonke umzimba.
Inani eliphelele lama-lynx ezweni lethu alinganiselwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-30.
Abazingeli bazokuthakazelela ukwazi ukuthi ezweni lethu, i-lynx inkulu kakhulu kunezihlobo zayo ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika. Uma eCanada isisindo sayo singeqi amakhilogremu ayi-18, khona-ke ama-lynxes ahlala eRussia afinyelela isisindo esingama-kilogramu angama-20 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukudla kweLynx. Ngabe udlani i-lynx?
I-lynx endala idinga inyama engamakhilogremu 1.5 kuya ku-2.3 ngosuku. Ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zobubanzi, i-lynx isebenzisa izilwane eziningi ekudleni. Ngakho-ke, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, ama-reindeer kanye ne-white hare ngokuvamile ziba izisulu zawo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, abantu abangatheni imvamisa kakhulu Ezinyoni, izisulu ezivame kakhulu ze-lynx yi-capercaillie, i-grouse emnyama ne-hazel grouse. Ebusika, abantu abangathathi hlangothi basebenza njengexhoba lezimpethu kaningi kakhulu kunasesikhathini seqhwa, lapho izilwane ezincane zihamba phambili ekuondleni kwazo - ukusuka ku-hare kuya kwi-vole emhlophe. EMpumalanga Ekude, inyamazane nezinyamazane zaseManchuri ziphenduka inyamazane. Kuyiqiniso, yonke indawo phakathi kwabantu abangafundile, okokuqala, ukukhula okuncane kwenzeka. Yonke indawo ebangeni elikhulu lamahlathi, ukusuka eKarelia kuya eSiberia, into eyinhloko yokuzingela i-lynx yi-hare. Zihlukanise izilwane, njengehlathi likaphayini, zifinyelela kuphela ezindaweni. Inhlala-kahle ye-lynx incike ikakhulu kwinani layo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi e-lynx eyodwa kune-hare eyodwa edliwayo njalo ezinsukwini ezine. I-Lynx ibamba iningi lamahashe ebusika. Ehlobo unokudla okucebile kokudla.
ILynx inobuhle obuhle kakhulu, obudingeka kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva. Bazingela i-lynx phakathi - ukuphela kwekwindla: ngalesi sikhathi, uboya besilo buba sezingeni eliphakeme. ENtshonalanga naseCentral Europe, i-lynx iyivelakancane kakhulu. Ngekhulu le-XX eYurophu kwakukhona izindawo ezincane kuphela ze-lynx - lezi yizintaba zamaPyrenees, amaBalkan namaCarpathians.
Imikhuba nendlela yokuzingela i-lynx
Ukuzingela kungumsebenzi oyinhloko we-lynx. Emini, inyamazane iphumula endaweni yokulala, evame ukuhlela izithulu kaningi, iphume iyofuna inyamazane kusihlwa. Ngokwesilwane, isilo sigijimisa umbani ngokushesha nangokunembile, ngakho-ke ukuzingela cishe njalo kugcina ngenhlanhla.
Kunezinganekwane eziningi mayelana ne-lynx flair nokuzingela kwayo. Isibonelo, kukholelwa ukuthi i-lynx idla kuphela inyama entsha futhi idelela i-carrion. Abazingeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho bathi inyamazane edla izimbotshana, ngemuva kokuqunjelwa izinsuku eziningana, idla okuncane kakhulu, njengokungathi ayilambile, futhi ayikaze iphinde ibuyele esilwaneni esilahliwe. Izimpungushe, lapho i-lynx ingathandi ngokukhethekile, zivame ukuthola isiphetho esinjalo. Ngokuvamile, i-lynx iyazingela noma nini lapho ibona isilwane esifanelekile.
ILynx imvamisa ihlala yodwa futhi ayenzi umsindo ngaphandle kwesidingo. NgoFebhuwari kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlathini ehlathini lapho ungezwa khona ukukhala okuyi-lynx, okufana nekati, kodwa kube kukhulu futhi kubukhali. NgoMeyi, amawundlu amancane kuya kwayi-3 azalwa e-lynx. Ekuqaleni, zifana kakhulu namakati, kepha kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbili ubudala umhlaseli uvuka kuzo. Babamba amagundane nemisipha elethwe ngokucophelela ngabazali babo. Kakade ngo-Okthoba, ama-lynxes aqala ukuzingela emindenini. Futhi i-lynx enonyaka owodwa ubudala ingaphila ngokuzimela. Ngokuqapha kwakhe konke, i-lynx ayibesabi kakhulu abantu. Ukulandelwa kwesimilo kuhlala kuqhwa: ukuhamba kwe-lynx, kusabalalisa iminwe yayo ububanzi. Ingozi ukuthi awusoze wahlulela inani lezilwane: izilwane zihamba ngomkhondo. Kepha ukuthola izilwane eziningana kungaba kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala, lapho sehluleka ukuqaphela.
Ukuzingela kweLynx ngokuthanda: indlela yokuzingela i-lynx
Ukuze uthole lesi silo esikhaliphile, ngobuqili, kufanele wazi kahle imikhuba ye-lynx. Ebusuku, i-lynx imvamisa ihamba ngaphezu kwe-12-15 km. Ukuhamba kwakhe ngokukhululeka, kufana nebhizinisi. Imisa kaningi, ilalele, ihlwithe, futhi, iphunga inyamazane, iqale ukufihla. Njengoba esethole umvundla, akadli konke, kodwa afihla okuseleyo eqhweni, kepha akahlali ebuyela ukumba nokudla inyama. Kepha, uma seyihlabe indiza, kwesinye isikhathi ihlala kule ndawo isikhathi eside. Njengoba isondlekile kahle, i-lynx igijima amakhilomitha amane kuya kwayisihlanu bese iyama usuku. Ngale njongo, ukhetha izindawo ezikude kakhulu zehlathi noma ixhaphozi le-hummocky.Kepha kulezi zimo, ngokuba neqoqo lamalambu akhanyayo, ungadlula i-lynx bese uyizingela ngokuhlasela.
Ukuzingela okuthakazelisayo kwe-lynx ngama-huskies wesilo. Ngokwazi amapheshana lapho umndeni we-lynx uwagcina, abazingeli baya lapho nama-huskies, ngenkathi iqhwa lingakajulile. Lapho sebethole imisindo emisha yama-lynxes, abazingeli kufanele baphishekele phambili, bakwenza kucace ezinjeni ukuthi banesifiso kulezi zilwane kuphela. Uma i-lynx footprint isha ngokwanele, ama-huskies azosebenza ngenkulu intokozo. Lapho izilwane seziseduzane, ngisho nezinja ezincane zizothwalwa ziye phambili, futhi uma zinesibindi ngokwanele, zizogijimela ukuhlasela izisulu ezidukayo.
Ukusuka emihubeni emibili yamandla onke ama-lynx ngokuqinisekile ashiya isihlahla, lapho azingela khona umzingeli. Ngokudutshulwa kwesokudla ngesibhele esincane noma inhlamvu ngaphambili kwesidumbu, kudingeka usibulale leso silo ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuze ungazifaki engozini yezinja zakho. I-lynx elimele ingalimala kakhulu ama-huskies, ikakhulukazi abancane nabangenalwazi.
Lapho i-husky ihamba nomzingeli, kungenzeka ukuthi ama-lynxes axoshwe angayemukela inselelo, futhi uma inja ingenakhohlakele futhi inamandla ngokwanele, kuyofanela ilwele hhayi impilo kepha ngokufa. Kepha, ngenhlanhla, ukufa kwama-huskies ekuzingeleni kwe-lynx akuvamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinja ezilukhuni futhi ezinonya ziyakwazi ukushayela ama-lynxes esihlahleni. Kuyiqiniso, izinja kufanele zibe namandla, zibe namandla futhi zithukuthele nge-lynx.
Izingibe Zokuzingela ze-Lynx
I-Lynx ingabanjiswa ngempumelelo kwizicupho. Ngemuva kokulandela ukuthi izilwane ziya enyameni eziyikhipha - isidumbu sesigaxa sezilwane noma esinye isilwane - izicupho kufanele zibekwe emgudwini abedlule kuwo. Izicupho ezinhle kakhulu ze-lynxes, kanye nezimpisi, Cha. 5, ifreyimu engcono kakhulu. Kufanele zicutshungulwe kahle: zihlanzwe kusuka ekugqeni bese ubilise ku-boiler ngezinaliti zespruce noma zikaphayini. Thwala izicupho ezinjalo esikhwameni se-canvas esihlanzekile noma esikhwameni, qiniseka ukusebenza kumgilavu we-canvas ohlanzekile.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokubeka isicupho sokuzingela i-lynx
1. Ngefosholo elisetshenziswe yizicupho, kukhethwa iqhwa ngaphansi komkhondo we-lynx, ukuze umgibe oboshwe ngemigwaqo ocijile ohlangothini ungafakwa kumsele owembiwe. Okuncanyana ungqimba lweqhwa ngokufakwa komkhondo wesilo esedlule kuhlala kungaphezu kwesicupho, okungcono. Ngaphambi kokubeka isicupho, iqhwa emseleni lidinga ukuvunyelwa ngefosholo. Ukuze babambe insimbi, abanye abazingeli bayimboza ngephepha elimhlophe.
2. Emgqeni wesilo, isikwele seqhwa sisikwa nge-spatula, ukuphrinta kwe-paw kugcinwe. Lesi siqeshana sibekwe eceleni ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho, emgodini owembiwe, iqhwa lihlanganiswe nge-spatula, kubekwa isicupho, bese kuthi isiqephu seqhwa esinomkhondo wesilo sibekwe phezu kwaso ukuze umkhondo ube ngaphezu kwesicupho. Yonke iminonjana yomsebenzi wakhe ifihlakala ngokucophelela. Kuyadingeka ukusondela kumkhondo wesilo bese ufaka isicupho ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwesembozo, ngokwesibonelo, esihlahleni noma esiqwini, ukuze isilo, silandele indlela yaso, singatholi umkhondo womzingeli. Lapho uvimba isigaxa, kubalulekile ukusula ngokucophelela zonke izindawo lapho iqhwa lasuswa noma lakhethelwa khona ngaphezulu. Udinga ukushiya isicupho se-wary ngomkhondo wakho, ubuyela emuva futhi uvale ngokucophelela nge-spatula futhi uthulise amathrekhi akho. Izicupho eziyisiqalo kufanele zihlolwe njalo ekuseni, zidlule futhi zingasondeli emkhondweni wesilo.
Izithakazelo empilweni
Sawubona! Namuhla umuntu oyedwa wangibuza - ufuna indoda enjani? Ngathi lowo esizoba nezintshisakalo ezifanayo naye empilweni nokuqondana. Umsizi wami uphendule - kahle ...
I-lynx ejwayelekile - ayijwayelekile kangako, kunalokho, iyimfihlakalo futhi iyimfihlakalo . Ngisho namaGrikhi asendulo amnika amandla emilingo futhi akholelwa ukuthi isilo sibona ngezinto. Ku-mythology yaseScandinavia, i-lynx yabhekwa njengesilwane esingcwele.
Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, yonke indawo yayihamba nonkulunkulukazi wothando, ubuhle kanye nokuzala, uFreyja, eboshwe enqoleni yakhe.Omunye wemilaza yomhlaba osenyakatho, ongabonakala kuphela ngabantu abanamehlo abukhali kakhulu, uqanjwe ngalesi silwane - i-Lynx ye-constellation.
Kodwa-ke, ama-lynxes ayengakhulekelwa kuphela, ekhazimulisa izinganekwane, abulawa ngokungenacala, futhi kudliwe inyama. Lo msebenzi oyisimanga wawona ngeNkathi Ephakathi ukwazi. Inyama yesilwane yayidume ngempahla yayo yokunambitheka okuhle nokuphulukisa, yayidliwa njengokudla okumnandi ngesikhathi semikhosi ehlukahlukene. Izingubo zoboya obuhle nezibizayo zazenziwe ngoboya obuhle nobushushu. "Uthando" olungaziwa kangako lwesilo luthinte kakhulu inani lazo futhi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu kwaholela ekuqothulweni ngokuphelele.
Habitat
Umdlwane ungowomndeni wekati nohlobo lwama-lynxes. Ungumkhulu wabazalwane be-trot. Akusabi ubusika obubi, ihamba kahle ngokuhambisana nekhava eliqhwa futhi lijule kakhulu, akuhluleki njengezinye izilwane. Indawo yokuhlala evamile yi-taiga, ihlathi-i-tundra, ihlathi-isikebhe, ihlathi elimnyama le-coniferous nomhlaba onentaba.
Uma ngaphambili indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwesilwane yathumba iningi laseYurophu, manje isisakazeke kanye nayo iziqhingi ezincane ezinabantu abangenalutho. Kunesilwane eCarpathians, enkabeni yeRussia, kufaka phakathi iKamchatka neShukin, iFinland, iSpain, iMakedoniya, neCroatia. Kutholakala eBelarus, eGrisi, eAzerbaijan, eLatvia, e-Estonia, e-Albania, ngisho nase-Arctic.
Ukulandela okulandelayo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-lynx ejwayelekile (i-Lynx lynx) kuphinda kwenziwe kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ngezincwadi ezintsha. Akukho mbono ojwayelekile mayelana nenani labo emphakathini wesayensi kuze kube namuhla. Njengamanje, kukhona izingosi eziyishumi ezaziwayo. Abantu abahlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye, bafana kakhulu ngendlela yabo yokuphila, imikhuba, ukunambitheka kokuthandayo nokubukeka.
- Ama-subspecies eBaikal (Lynx lynx Kozlovi) - asatshalaliswa eSiberia, mhlawumbe iMongolia, anikezwe ngoboya obukhulu kanye nombala ogqamile.
- I-Carpathian subspecies (i-Lynx lynx Carpathica) - inombala onsundu onsundu ngombala obunjiwe, amabala aphakathi nendawo nobukhulu obukhulu.
- I-subspecies yase-Europe (Lynx lynx lynx) - ithatha indawo ebanzi, ehlanganisa iSweden, iRussia, iBelarus, amazwe aseBaltic, i-Ukraine, iNorway, iPoland neFinland. Inomzimba omfushane, imilenze emide, hhayi izinwele ezibomvu kakhulu eziphuhlayo ngephethini enezinhlaka ezishwabene.
- Ama-subsuries ase-Amur noma aseMpumalanga Ekude (Lynx lynx Sroganovi) - ahlala eThababsksk nasePrimorsky Territories, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, angahlasela imidlwane emincane.
- I-Altai subspecies (i-Lynx lynx Wardi) ibhekwa kwabanye ososayensi njengengxenye yezinhlangano ezingaphansi kweTurkestan. Lesi yisilo esikhulu esinobukhulu futhi esine-fluffy. noboya obumpunga obunomthunzi wekhilimu nokubala okumibalabala.
- Ama-subspecies aseTurkestan noma ase-Central Asia (Lynx lynx Isabellina) - okuncane okufundwayo, kunosayizi ophakathi nendawo umbala okhanyayo woboya obusika.
- Ama-subspecies aseCaucasian (Lynx lynx Dinniki) - asatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseCaucasus, enoboya obunqabile, obuqandayo futhi obufushane, obuncane bohlobo lwawo.
- I-Balkan subspecies (iLynx lynx Balcanica) - ihlala eMacedonia, eMontenegro, e-Albania, akusekho abantu abangama-50 endle.
- I-Yakut noma i-East Siberian subspecies (i-Lynx lynx Wrangeli) - ihlukaniswa ngosayizi abakhulu kakhulu, obabazekayo, abacishe babe ngo-monophonic.
- I-subspecies engu-Lynx lynx Sardiniae yake yakhela isiqhingi saseSardinia. Izilwane zachithwa ngokuphelele ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ukubukeka
Ngokubukeka, isilwane sifana nekati, futhi ngosayizi - inja enkulu kunalokho.
- Umzimba ominyene, othize othize ufinyelela ubude obuyi-80 - 120 cm (ngokuya ngezinsizakusebenza) futhi uphela ngesifushane, esifushane, umsila ongafika ku-20 noma ngaphansi okungaphezu kwesentimitha. Ukuphakama kwesiqu emahlombe kufike ku-70 cm.
- I-lynx endala evamile inesisindo esingu-18 - 26 kg, amadoda angathola isisindo somzimba aze afike ku-30 kg, isisindo sowesifazane, njengomthetho, asidluli kuma-20 kg.
- Amawashi amade ngokwanele, aqinile futhi anamisipha. Ebusika, endaweni yezinyawo, zimbozwa ngebhulashi elinzima, elide njengebhulashi (kusiza umanduleli ukuhambahamba kalula eqhweni esebenzisa i-paws efana ne-skis futhi angaweli ezilinganisweni zeqhwa).
- Ikhanda eliphikisana nesizinda se-torso enamandla libukeka lincane, linomumo oyindilinga. Isigaxa esicwebezelwe kancane ezinhlangothini sihlotshiswe ngamabhulukwe abonakala enesimo.
- Amehlo makhulu, ububanzi, anabafundi nxazonke, njengasezinkomeni ezinkulu zasendle.Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile se-anatomical, bavumela isilwane ukubona izinto ezincane ebumnyameni obumnyama.
- Izindlebe ezime ngxantathu zisethelwe phezulu, ezingobukhulu obuphakathi, phezulu zigcina ngamakhandlela amancanyana, amade, amnyama - izimpondo. Kuyafaneleka ukuthi i-lynx ilahlekelwe yisimangaliso sayo - amabhulashi, ukuzwa kwayo kusenziwa ngokushesha nje futhi akunasimilo esikhaleni.
- Amadevu awavamisile, ngobude obuphakathi, obutholakala esiqekweni ezinhlangothini ezimbili zekhala.
- Ijazi likhulu, lide, li-fluffy futhi li-silky.
- Umbala uncike enkathini nasendaweni yendawo yokuhlala, imvamisa grey nge-tint noma ngokubomvu. I-Spotting idalulwa kakhulu kuma-subspies aseCarathiathi naseBaikal. Esithombeni se-lynx ejwayelekile yohlobo lwe-Yakut, cishe alunakubambeka, eYurophu nase-Altai lynx indawo ebonakalayo inciphile futhi yafiphala. Ebusika, uboya bude kunokwehlobo, bubukeka buthambile futhi buhle impela, ubude bezinqwaba esiswini bungafinyelela ku-6 - 7 cm. Izindlebe zimnyama emuva zinophawu olumhlophe. Umsila ungwevu unamamaki amancane amnyama, umnyama kakhulu esicongweni.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Indlela yokuphila eyedwa yenzelwe abesilisa kuphela, kuyilapho abesifazane njalo kufanele banakekele inzalo, futhi izikhathi ezingafani nesizungu zihambisana nokulindela okunye ukuphinda kwenziwe. Usayizi wezindawo zokuzingela zincike enanini lokudla, umhlaba kanye nobulili. Abesilisa bahlala ezindaweni ezinkulu ukusuka ku-100 kuye kuma-200 km 2 noma ngaphezulu. Abesifazane bakhawulelwe endaweni engama-20-60 km 2.
Uma kunokudla okwanele futhi azikho ezinye izizathu ezinhle zokufuduka, izilwane zihola indlela yokuphila esezingeni elifanele, kuyaqabukela zishiya izindawo ezithuthukile. Isikhala sokuphila siphawulwa umchamo. Abesifazane banomona wokungenela endaweni yabo siqu, bangabuza lukhulu ngomuntu ophule umthetho, abesilisa ababanaki ngokukhethekile ababangenayo, kuyaqabukela bangene ezingxabanweni.
Ngokuphathelene nomuntu, ubudlova obuzenzakalelayo abukhonjiswa, awekho amacala aqinisekisiwe wokuhlaselwa. Umhlaseli uthambeka kalula futhi usejwayela umnikazi. Kwesinye isikhathi kunikezwa ezandleni, amafliphu kanye nezikhukhamba phezulu ngasikhathi sinye. Ingozi ilimele nezilwane ezigulayo - ukuzivikela, zingalimaza amanxeba amakhulu. Izimo zokuxabana nazo kungenzeka - isilo kwesinye isikhathi sidonsa umdlalo wasekhaya futhi sihlasele izinja.
Ukuzingela nokudla
I-Lynx iyazingela nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku, kodwa noma kunjalo isisisulu sobusuku. Ukhetha ukuhwalala ngokuhamba ngezinyawo: ekuseni kakhulu noma amahora okushona kwelanga, kuvame ukuya inyamazane ngobusuku obumnyama. Uma ufuna isisulu, amakhilomitha angaphezu kwelilodwa angagijima; ngesikhathi sendlala anqoba aze afike ku-20-30 km ngosuku.
Umhlaseli owonakele ungumzingeli osheshayo futhi onqabile. Ugibela izihlahla kahle, abe nokuzwa okubukhali futhi anombono, agijime ngamandla, futhi agxume akhuphuke aze phezulu. Ukhetha indlela yokuzingela ngokuya ngezimo: angaxosha isisulu futhi amhlasele masinyane ekude, noma amqaphe kumqamekele. Uma kwenzeka wehluleka, umdlalo awulandeli isikhathi eside futhi ubheka enye inyamazane efanelekile. Isilwane esikhulu siluma emphinjeni, esincane sibamba ngemuva.
Amawundlu abulewe odeveli noma i-hare enkulu yanele isilwane izinsuku eziningana. I-lynx ifihla izinsalela ze-trophy yokuzingela eqhweni noma iyise endaweni ecashile. Wenza lokhu ngokushesha nangokunganaki, futhi ngenxa yalokho uvame ukulahlekelwa yilokho akufunayo. Ama-cache athola ezinye izinyamazane futhi abachitha ngokushesha.
Ukudla okugcwele kwe-lynx kuqukethe inyama. Imenyu enkulu ifaka ama-hares namagundane amancane. Izibiliboco zifanekiselwa yi-venison, grouse, amawundlu amabulu zasendle kanye ne-moose. Isilwane asenqabi noma yini, sithokozela noma yisiphi isisulu futhi sizisole ngalokho esizokwazi ukukubamba.
Ubuningi bezinhlobo
Isibalo sabantu abangaphezulu kwenkulungwane yabantu abayishumi. Isilwane kudala siqothulwa eFrance naseSwitzerland. Abantu abambalwa bahlala e-Balkan peninsula, ePoland kukhona cishe inkulungwane, eScandinavia - ziyizinkulungwane ezi-2,5, eCarpathians - ziyizinkulungwane eziyi-2,2. Inani elincane labantu lasinda emazweni aseCentral Asia naseCaucasus.Inani elikhulu kunawo wonke ama-lynxes ahlala eSiberia.
Izinyathelo ezinqala zithathwa ukuvikela isilwane, ngenxa yokuthi inani labantu libuyiselwa kancane kancane. Kubhalwe ku-International Red Book.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uboya besilo babaluleke kakhulu, uhlobo lwe-lynx ejwayelekile alunayo inzuzo yokuhweba. Kodwa-ke, inyamazane ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ku-biocenosis - ilawula inani labantu abaningi bezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi, izinyoni futhi ihlanza ihlathi. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni lapho kwakukhona ama-lynxes, ososayensi bazama ukufaka izilwane ngaphakathi esimweni semvelo. EJalimane, ukuvuselelwa kwesilo, ngemuva kokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, ehlathini laseBavaria kwenzeka ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Ukuba khona kwama-lynxes kuphela eduze kwama-pheasant nurseryies kanye nokulima ama-reindeer ukulima akufiseleki. Kubanikazi babo, indawo enjalo iba yinhlekelele yangempela futhi iphenduka ekulahlekelweni yinhlekelele. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isilo sichitha umdlalo wokuhweba, noma silambe ngokuphelele, ngenxa nje yezemidlalo.
Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo
I-Lynx ithanda amahlathi amnyama ama-coniffort, ama-taiga, yize itholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amahlathi asezintabeni, kwesinye isikhathi ingena ehlathini-steppe nehlathi-tundra. Ugibela ngokuphelele izihlahla namadwala, ubhukuda kahle. Ubuye asinde kahle phakathi kwezinyoka (ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle), ebamba izilwane zoboya.
Ngokudla okuningi, i-lynx ihlala ukuhlala phansi, ngokushoda - iyazulazula. Ingahamba amakhilomitha angama-30 ngosuku. Isisekelo sokudla kwakhe singama-hares. Uhlala njalo futhi azingela izinyoni zama-grouse, izinduku ezincane, okuvame kakhulu - izidalwa ezincanyana ezifana ne-roe deer, musk deer, amabala kanye ne-reindeer, ngezikhathi ezithile zihlasela amakati asekhaya nezinja, ngaphezu kwalokho - izimpungushe, izinja ze-raccoon nezinye izilwane eziphakathi nendawo.
ILynx izingela ngokuhlwa. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, yena akakaze agxume ngesisulu sakhe esihlahleni , kepha ikhetha ukubukela lo mdlalo ngokuqamekela noma ukucasha, bese ihlasela ngobukhulu, kuze kufike kumamitha ama-4, igxume. Isisulu sixoshwa ebangeni elingadluli kuma-60-80 m, emva kwalokho sikhishwe. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi i-lynx ibulala izimpungushe kanye nama-martens, noma ngabe asikho isidingo sokudla.
Ngokuqapha konke, i-lynx ayibesabi kakhulu abantu. Uhlala emahlathini wesibili adalwe ngabo, ukukhula kwentsha, ezindaweni zokusika ezindala nezindawo ezishisiwe, futhi eminyakeni ecindezelayo ungena emadolobhaneni ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu.
Ngokusho kwesazi sezilwane saseRussia uMikhail Kretschmar, alikho nelilodwa icala eliqinisekisiwe lesifo sokuhlaselwa ngumuntu lynx. “Ngokwezinga elithile, lokhu kuyamangaza ngisho. Ingwe enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ibulala kalula abantu. Indoda endala endala ingaxosha kalula abelusi abaqeqeshiwe ezisindayo kabili kunayo. Kodwa-ke, amacala lapho u-lynx efihle ngamabomu futhi abulale umuntu asaziwa. Ama-fseists e-Pseudo-taiga anikela amakhasi angaphezu kweshumi nambili emacaleni we-lynx ehlasela iqembu lezokuma komhlaba, umzingeli wezokudoba, umgqugquzeli oyedwa, ilungu lesigubhu selungu le-Komsomol, njll. Ukuphikisana ngokungakhethi, kunzima ukuhlambalaza: kuzo zonke izinkomba zomzimba, i-lynx ingahlasela umuntu. Mhlawumbe, kepha hhayi ukuhlasela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lynx yaziwa njengenye yezilwane ezilawulwa kalula. Ikakhulu, ngisho nama-lynxes amadala abanjwe yizicupho angadanjiswa. Kwesinye isikhathi bajwayela umuntu aze afike ekutheni akuvumele ukuthi uhlangane, bese kuthi leli pulazi lekati elikhulu lifane nokuqina kwemoto enamandla kagesi. ”
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi akubona bonke ososayensi abalandela iphuzu lokubuka elivezwe nguMikhail Kretschmar. Isibonelo, omunye wochwepheshe bezilwane baseRussia abadumile nabahlonishwayo, u-S. I. Ognev, wabhala: "Amacala wokuhlaselwa okusebenzayo kwe-lynx kumuntu akuvamile, kodwa namanje akunakuphikwa." Ezinye iziphathimandla ze-zoology zinemibono efanayo, ingasaphathwa eyokuzingela namahlathi, hhayi “ipseudo-taiga” nhlobo, kodwa ochwepheshe bangempela babahlaseli behlathi.Isibonelo, usosayensi wase-Altai kanye nomlobi u-Alexander Stennikov uthi sekukhona futhi namanje kusenamacala okuhlaselwa komuntu wase-lynx esifundeni sakhe. Futhi lezi akuzona kuphela lezo zimo lapho umuntu olimele noma ohlasele i-lynx ehlasela. UStennikov ujwayelene kahle nomuntu owabulawa nguyise yi-lynx ngenhloso ecacile yokuyisebenzisa njengexhoba. Lapho umuntu ehamba endleleni, isilo sagxuma esihlahleni saya emhlane wakhe saququda emithanjeni ye-carotid. Lowo lynx awuzange ulimele noma ungabi namarabi - izilwane ezinamarabi ziluma ngokungahleliwe futhi kungenzeki ngenhloso yokubulala, kepha zilalela kuphela ukubizwa kwesifo okungaboni. Izazi zezempilo zaseCanada uMichael Stendale noStephen Deril bayazazi nezimo zokuhlaselwa kwabantu nge-lynx kubantu. Ngokuqondene nendaba yama-lynxes abusayo, yonke into lapha nayo ayicacile. Eqinisweni, kunezimo lapho ama-trotter ama-tiles ehlala ezindlini nasezindlini yonke impilo yawo futhi engakhombisi ulaka oluncane olubhekiswe kubanikazi bawo, noma kunjalo, abaqeqeshi besekethe bathanda ukubhekana namahlosi namabhubesi, kepha izinombolo ezinama-lynxes azivamile. Abaqeqeshi bathi i-lynx ayilindeleki ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu kunabamele abameleli bomndeni wekati, bethukuthela kalula bese iba yingozi enkulu kubantu. [isitayela! ]
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Umjaho e-lynx ngoMashi, futhi ngalesi sikhathi ama-lynxes, ngokuvamile athule, akhiphe ukukhala okukhulu, ukuduma nokugunda. Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-63-70. I-brood kuvame ukuba yi-2-3 lynx, i-lair ngaphansi kwezimpande zomuthi ovinjelwe wesihlahla esiwile, umgodi, umhume wobumba noma amadwala aqondile. Bobabili abazali bahilelekile ekukhuliseni ama-kittens. Amazinyane azingela nabantu abadala kuze kube yisizini elandelayo yokuzalanisa. Abesifazane bafika esikhathini sezinyanga ezingama-21, abesilisa babe nezinyanga ezingama-33. Isikhathi sokuphila, ngokusobala, iminyaka engu-15 ukuya ku-20.
Isimo Sabantu Nokuvikelwa
Isimo senani labantu be-Lynx emazweni ahlukene:
- EPalkula yaseBalkan: Izikhulu eziyishumi nambili eSynbia, eMacedonia, eAlbania naseGrisi.
- EJalimane: Yaqothulwa yi-d. Ngeminyaka yama-1990s. iphinde ihlalwe kabusha ehlathini laseBavaria naseHarz.
- AmaCarpathians: ama-l200 angama-2 200 asuka eCzech Republic aya eRomania, iningi labantu ngaphandle kwaseRussia.
- EPoland: Kunama-lynxes acishe abe yi-1 000 emahlathini aseBialowieza kanye nasezintabeni zakwaTatra.
- Russia: 90% yabantu abaphila lynx bahlala eSiberia. Yize ama-lynxes atholakala emingceleni esentshonalanga yeRussia Federation eya eSakhalin.
- IScandinavia: ngu. Ama-lynxes angama-2 500 eNorway, eSweden naseFinland.
- EFrance: Ukuqothulwa kwesilinganiso. g. Kuhlalwe phansi kumaVosges nakumaPyrenees.
- ISwitzerland: Iqothulwe unyaka, yahlala futhi edolobheni. Ukusuka lapha yathuthela e-Austria naseSlovenia.
- E-Asia Ephakathi: China, iMongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan neTajikistan.
- ITranscaucasia: IAzerbaijan, i-Armenia, neGeorgia.
Inani lentengiso le-lynx lincane (kusetshenziswa uboya). Njengabahlaseli abaningi, idlala indima ebalulekile yokuzalanisa ama-biocenoses amahlathi. Kuphela emapulazini okuzingela lapho inyamazane inyamazane, izinyamazane ezihlala khona, ama-pheasants edotshwa khona, ubukhona bawo bungathandeki. Uboya be-lynx buhle kakhulu: bukhulu, buphakeme futhi bude. Ubude bezinwele ezisele emhlane bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-5, nesisu - amasentimitha ayi-7, ngaphansi kwawo kufakwe insimbi ethambile engaphansi. Umbala wesikhumba uhluka kusuka kokubomvu kuye kumathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngephethini enabala. Uboya obomvu bekulokhu kubhekwa kakhulu. Kusukela ngawo-1950s, amanani entengo yawo emakethe yamazwe omhlaba aqala ukukhuphuka ngezinga elingakaze libonwe. Ngakho-ke, endalini ye-Leningrad fur ngo-1958, ama- $ 73 atholakala ngezikhumba ezinhle kakhulu ze-lynx, ama- $ 660 ngo-1973, kanye nama- $ 1,300 ngo-1977. Lokhu kungenxa yemfashini ebilondolozwe amashumishumi eminyaka (iqiniso ngokwalo liyivelakancane) ngoboya obunezinwele ezinde, phakathi kwalo uboya be-lynx buthathe indawo yokuqala.
Kwezobuciko
- I-Lynx isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-heraldry, okufanekisela ukugcwala ne-visual acuity. Isithombe sakhe singabonakala ezingalweni noma kumafulegi amadolobha anjenge-Dir noma i-Gomel. Ngokuya kwezinye izinguqulo, i-lynx, hhayi ibhubesi, eboniswa emphethweni wezingalo zaseFinland. Isifunda sase-Ust-Kubinsky esifundeni saseVologda sinojazi lwengubo.
- Ngenxa ye-visual acuity, i-Ian Hevelius ye-constellation yaqanjwa ngegama lynx ngo-1690. UHevelius uphawule ekukhetheni kwegama: “Izinkanyezi ezincane kuphela ezitholakala kule ngxenye yesibhakabhaka, futhi udinga ukuba namehlo we-lynx ukuze uwahlukanise futhi uwaqaphele. ».
- Uhlobo lwe-Ubuntu Linux lwe-10.04 ukusatshalaliswa lubizwa nge- “Lynx Lynx”.
Buka futhi ndoda
Lapho i-lynx ihlala endaweni enkulu kakhulu kunalokho eyikho njengamanje. Ukuzingela nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuholele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kububanzi bawo. I-Lynx kudala yaba indondo yokuzingela eyamukelekayo, ngoba uboya balesi silwane babukwa kakhulu emakethe yoboya. Kwezinye izindawo inyama ye-lynx ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi. Namuhla, ama-lynxes aphathwa ngendlela ehlukile. EYurophu, i-lynx yayisakazeke kakhulu, bese icishe inyamalala. Eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule, lesi sidlwengu saqala ukuhlalwa ezindaweni lapho sasihlala khona, sibamba amasimu ezinye izifundazwe, futhi senza ukukhululwa ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Ensimini yaseRussia, lesi silwane sihlala siningi, futhi kwezinye izindawo lapho i-lynx ijwayelekile, ingadala ukulimala emapulazini okuzingela abasebenza ngokuzalanisa izinyamazane, izinyamazane noma ama-pheasants. Ngokuvamile, njengabanye abahlukumezayo, i-lynx idlala indima ebalulekile yokuzalanisa endle.
Ikati leli alesabi izindawo eziseduzane nabantu, lapho kungalandelwa khona, lingavela emaphethelweni amadolobhana ngisho namadolobha.
Ama-lynxes amancane ayalungiswa kalula, kepha ashesha ukuguga, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukugcina leli kati likhulu ekhaya.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala
I-Lynx yikati "elisenyakatho" kakhulu. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwe-lynx ejwayelekile ihlanganisa izifunda zehlathi nezintaba zaseYurophu, eSiberia, eCentral kanti, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Asia Minor. Lesi isilwane sasehlathini, esithanda i-taiga emnyama ebunjiwe, yize sitholakala emahlathini ahlanganisiwe. Ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwamahlathi emathafeni, umngcele oseningizimu webanga emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka adlule uhambise ama-200 ukuya kwangama-300 km enyakatho.
Indlela Yokuphila Nokuziphatha Komphakathi
I-Lynx isilwane esifunda ezweni. Ukufuduka okubanzi akujwayelekile kuye: lapho kukhona khona inyamazane eningi, lesi silo sihlala sizinzile impela. Indawo ephakathi nendawo ye-lynx eYurophu isukela kumahektare ayi-15 kuye kwangama-25; kwamanye amadoda ifinyelela kumahektare angama-30 nangaphezulu. Izindawo zezinsikazi zincane futhi zigqagqana ngezigaba zabesilisa. Uma kwenzeka kunokuntuleka kokudla, ama-lynxes ashiya amakhaya awo, aqale ukuzulazula futhi angavela kude kakhulu nasehlathini. Imvamisa, ukufuduka okunjalo kwezinyamazane kwenzeka ngezikhathi zokucindezelwa ngobuningi bama hares amhlophe, okuyisisekelo sokudla kwama lynxes.
Ngaphakathi kwendawo, isilwane ngasinye sinemizila eminingana eyithandayo, izindawo zokuphumula nokuzingela, lapho sivela khona kaningi. Ixhunywe yisistimu yezinguquko ezisetshenziswa njalo, lezi zindawo, kanye nemingcele yendawo, kumakwe umchamo, kanye neziqu kufafaza iziqu zomuthi ngayo.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeLynx zitholakala ezindaweni ezivikeleke kakhulu: izindawo ezikude zehlathi ezinezivunguvungu zomoya, iziqhingi ezinde phakathi kwezindawo zokubhukuda. I-lair ngokwayo ihlala ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla eziwile, kwesinye isikhathi endaweni ephansi etholakala endaweni ephakeme, ezilinganisweni eziphakathi kwamatshe. Okwezitaki zesikhashana, umhlaseli ukhetha izindawo ezinokubonakala okuhle: isiqu somuthi othambekele, itshe elikhulu.
Ngesikhathi soshintsho, isilo sihamba esilinganisweni esilinganiselwe esingu-40-50 cm, ngenkathi sisisebenzisa sinqoba izithiyo kalula. Ukuphakama kwesithwathwa seqhwa kufika ku-50 cm akuphazamisi ukuhamba kwe-lynx, lapho iqhwa eliningi liwela, umhlaseli uqala ukusebenzisa izindlela zezinye izilwane, amathrekhi amadala, imigwaqo, neqhwa emifuleni. Ukushona kwezingane emizileni yasebusika kuhamba ngokushesha ngemuva kukamama, kube sengathi kunyathela umkhondo ekhondweni.
Ukudla okunempilo nokudla okuphakelayo
Njengawo wonke amakati, i-lynx iyisisulu esikhethekile. Isisekelo sokudla kwaso yizilwane ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo: izilwane ezincane ezingabizi (ama-roe deer, ama-musk deer, ama-goral, ama-deer namawundlu awo), ama-hares kanye ne-grouse (i-capercaillie, i-grouse emnyama, i-hazel grouse). I-lynx ivame ukubamba izinduku ezincane nezinyoni.Ngaphambi kokuthi leli katsi liwe, umzingeli omncane, ukhetha inyama yezilwane ezibulewe nguye.
Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, i-lynx ayikaze igxume inyamazane yayo isuka esihlahleni, yize igibela izihlahla kahle. Lesi silo sithanda ukuwela kuso buthule, ngokuqapha okungaphezu kokuvamile, bese sihlasela ngokuxhuma okukhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, ubheka ngesineke inyamazane engahle ibambise lapho kuqhamuka khona umgwaqo.
I-Lynx idla kancane impela - indlela ejwayelekile yansuku zonke icishe ibe yikhilogremu nenyama yenyama enamathambo. Imvamisa, isilwane esidala sibamba futhi sidle umvundla njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-2; isifinyezo sosizi lokudla esanele ngosuku olulodwa. Eduze kwenyamazane ebulewe, i-lynx ihlala isikhathi esingangesonto, futhi eduze kwalapho inyamazane yedada - isinde. Umhlaseli wemba izinsalela ezingabonakali zezinyamazane ngeqhwa noma ngomhlaba nangotshani, kepha ingabe uyaconsa kangangokuba "umngcwabo" waso udonswa ngokushesha ngabazingeli abancane - abasebenza, amakholamu. Ukuze uthole i-trot, okokuhola ophumelela kakhudlwana, i-wolverine iyahamba futhi kwesinye isikhathi imxosha kumdlalo osanda kubanjwa. ILynx ngokwayo ivame ukujaha izimpungushe, ingazivumeli ukuba zizingele esizeni sayo.
Ukuzala nokukhulisa inzalo
Isikhathi sokulungela ukusebenza kuma-lynxes siba ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Abesilisa abaningana bangalandela owesifazana ku-estrus, okuthi phakathi kwabo kube nokulwa okunobudlova ngezikhathi ezithile. I-lair lapho ama-kittens kufanele avele khona ivame ukufakwa ezintanjeni zezinyoni, izinwele ezingadalulwanga, notshani obomile buyangezelelwa kulokhu. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-63-70. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa (ngokuvamile 2-3) zivela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuya ngobubanzi bendawo yendawo. Isisindo sezintwana lapho zizalwa zingama-250- 300 amagremu, ziyizimpumputhe, izimbobo ezivulekile ziqiniswa ngesikhumba. Zonke izinkathazo ngenzalo iwela ngokuphelele kowesifazane, owesilisa akabambi iqhaza ekukhuliseni amazinyane. Umama ukhonkotha amantshontsho, agcine isidleke sihlanzekile, futhi aphambukise izilwane ezidla ezinye esidlekeni. Izinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zokudla kwe-lynx cishe ngobisi kuphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, sebeqedela ukwakheka kwamazinyo obisi, futhi baqala ukubumbana ngenxa yenyama elethwe ngumama, kepha ukuncelisa ubisi kuyaqhubeka izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu, amakati ashiya umhume alandele umama wawo yonke indawo.
Ithoni yombala ejwayelekile yabasha onsundu okhanyayo, ibala eliveza kuphela livela ezinhlafunweni. Amakhethini “amadala” akhula kuphela lapho izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, “amathangi” namakhekhe asezindlebeni akhula ngokuphelele kuphela kulolynes ononyaka owodwa nengxenye. Umndeni uphikelela kuze kube yilapho kuqala inkathi elandelayo, futhi amakati aqhubeka nokuhlala eqenjini elilodwa futhi ngemuva kwabantu abadala, elungele ukuvuthwa, awaxoshe. Uma insikazi ingazalanga amawundlu kulo nyaka, sonke isizalo esedlule sihlala naye izinyanga eziningi. Ama-Lynxes avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-1.5-2.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Kunezimo lapho ama-lynxes ephila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila singaphansi: iminyaka eyi-10-15.
Ama-Lynxes agcinwe endaweni yaseMosco Zoo selokhu yaqala ukwenziwa. Lobuhle obunemilenze emide buhlala budonsela ukunaka kwezivakashi, zihambahamba ezindaweni zazo, ezibekwe e-Old Territory ku-Cat's Row eduze neGiraffe Pavilion. Kuliqiniso, ukubona i-lynx akuwona neze umsebenzi olula njengoba kubonakala. Amakati ethu asebusweni, kanti manje ama-lynxes ambalwa ahlala e-zoo, aphuma kusihlwa, kusihlwa. Izilwane zithanda ukuchitha ingxenye yokuqala yosuku emashalofini - ama-niches - nakulamakhalkoni ngayinye endaweni yayo yezindiza. Lapho, lapho bezungeze okombhede othobekile, balala ngokuthula, ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela bavula amehlo abo futhi bavilaphazelele ukubuka impahla. Yini abayithandayo? Omunye angacabanga ukuthi izivakashi zinephutha. Ngisho kubagcini, abahlanze indawo ebiyelwe futhi balethe ukudla nsuku zonke, ama-lynxes ethu angaphezulu kokupholile. Bazothola, kepha abasheshanga ngokubonisa imizwa efudumele. Ngenjabulo enkulu kakhulu, amakati abukela ondlunkulu abanomsindo bengena emgodini ngethemba lokwenza inzuzo.Izimenywa ezifakiwe zinengozi yokufa, ngoba, ikati elikhulu leli ngentokozo futhi lizizingela ngobuhlakani. Ukuze izilwane zethu ezifuywayo zingabi nesithukuthezi, izisebenzi ngezikhathi ezithile zifaka amathoyizi ahlukahlukene ezindizeni. Kepha amakati asekhaya, akhulu kuphela ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, insikazi yethu idlala kangcono kakhulu ngamathanga ... ajwayelekile! Ngobumnandi buzihlafuna zibe yimvuthuluka emincane. Owesilisa ungowobuningi bezokuzijabulisa eziphakanyisiwe ezipholile. Esikhathini esedlule, abagcini baqala ukuziqeqesha ne-lynx yethu besebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile. Ukusuka ngaphandle, kufana nomdlalo - umuntu, omi eduze kwasendaweni yezimoto, unikeza isigceme sakhe into ebekwe phezu kwenduku ende - ilitshe (kusuka kwelitshe lesiNgisi - ilitshe, ilitshe). Kithi, bekuyibhola enjoloba. Isilo bekufanele sithinte kalula ibhola ngengxenye ethile yomzimba, lapho sathola khona isikhuthazo. Ngemuva kwalokho ukulengiswa okufanayo kwethulwe kakade ngaphakathi. Isilwane bekufanele siphindaphinde isenzo saso, singene ngaphakathi kulokhu. Inhloso yalawa makilasi bekungekhona ukuqeqesha ikati, kodwa ukwenza lula umsebenzi wabahlaseli ngawo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuchaza isilwane ukuthi yisiphi isenzo esidingekayo kukho.
Ngo-2017, ama-kittens azalwa ngama-lynxes
I-Lynx (lat. I-Lynx ) Ingabe uhlobo lwezilwane zamakati amancane amancane, umndeni kaFeline, ama-oda weCarnivores, ama-class Mammals. Lesi sihloko sichaza abamele lolu hlobo.
Amanye amakati amabili, igama lawo elinegama elithi "lynx": i-caracal (steppe lynx) nomhlanga wekati (marsh lynx) okungeyona eyeyhlobo yohlobo lwe-lynx.
Kusho ukuthini igama elithi lynx?
Ezilimini ezihlobene nesiRussia, amagama asondele ku-lynx anencazelo "ebomvu", "ebomvu". Kubukeka sengathi i-etymology ilula - igama lesilo linikezwa ngombala obomvu wesikhumba. Eqinisweni, izimpande ze-pan-Slavic izimpande zibuyele ku-Induk-European leuk'- "glow", "burn" (ungaqhathanisa inyanga, i-ray namaRussia). Kulezi zimpande amagama anjengalawa aqhamuke enezinwele ezinhle, izimpandla (okusencazelo yakudala, ngokusobala, "kwakukhanya", "kukhanya", "kucwebezela"). Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi i-lynx yaqanjwa kanjalo ngoba amehlo ayo ayekhanya, “eshisiwe” ebumnyameni. Umbala obomvu unikeze i- "p" yokuqala - esevele ihlangene nombala.
I-lynx ithuthukise kahle ukuzwa nokubona, kepha umuzwa wokuhogela awunamandla. Amabhulashi asezindlebeni zawo anezwi lokuzwa elilungile. Uma i-lynx incishisiwe le nwele, khona-ke izokuzwa kakhulu.
Ukusondela endaweni yokuqamba amanga, i-lynx iyagxuma ukuze amathrekhi ayo angabi seduze nendawo yokuhlala: ngale ndlela ilingisa ukungabikho kwayo. Ntambama ulele, kepha ukuphumula kwakhe kuyazwela, ngoba umhlaseli ubona ukunyakaza okukhona kuye.
Ikati yasendle ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa, ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuntuleka kwabaqhudelana emkhakheni okhethiwe.
Izinsikazi zigcina ngesiboshwa. Kungaleso sikhathi sokuzalela kuphela lapho ama-lynxes avela ngababili.
Ngabe udlani i-lynx?
Noma yisiphi isilwane esikwazi ukusisebenzisa kahle singaba isisulu sokweyisa:
- izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (ama-chipmunks, ama-sables, ama-dormouse, izinja ze-raccoon, ama-marmots, ama-beavers,),
- izinyoni (i-capercaillie, i-hazel grouse, i-parridge, i-black grouse, i-bustard, i-pheasant),
- izilwane ezinkulu: ama-roe deer, i-chamois, ama-musk deer, ama-boars asendle, i-arali, i-fallow deer, i-reindeer kanye ne-reindeer,
- kwesinye isikhathi i-lynx ihlasela imihlambi yezimbuzi futhi, ibhubhisa abantu abaningana ngasikhathi,
- ubulala izimpungushe nezinduna njengabancintisana, hhayi ukudla,
- I-Canadian lynx nayo idla izinhlanzi, ama-marmot, ama-martens, ama-squirrels, ama-gophers,
- i-lynx ebomvu nayo ingadla
- kwesinye isikhathi izinyamazane zihlasela izilwane ezifuywayo nezinkukhu (ngokwesibonelo,).
Ithathwe kwisiza: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC NG-3.0 es
Lapho kusihlwa, isilwane siyazingela. I-lynx noma ilindela inyamazane ekuqamekeleni, noma ifihle (okusho ukuthi, isondela kulowo osisisulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ifinyelele phezulu ngokugxuma okukodwa), kepha ingalokothi ihlasele isihlahla. Uhamba kancane, ngezikhathi ezithile uyama futhi alalele.
Uma kungenzeka, ulandela indlela enyathelwe kahle, alandela imikhondo yakhe yakudala, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Ngokuphanga inyukela ohlangothini lwe-leeward. Ukuhlasela kuqala ngomunye, kuncipha kaningi ngama-3-10 kuzuba.Uma ukuhlaselwa kungaphumelelanga, ubephinda uchungechunge lokugxuma okufushane, abese eyeka ukuxoshwa. Emini, i-lynx idla ama-2-3 kg enyama, futhi uma ilamba kakhulu, bese ifinyelela ku-5 kg.
Ithathwe kwisiza: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC NG-3.0 es
Izinhlobo ze-Lynx, amagama nezithombe
Izinhlobo ze-lynx zifaka izinhlobo ezi-4 eziphilayo. Ngezansi ukuhlukaniswa.
URod Lynx (lat. I-Lynx ):
- I-Lynx canadensis - Canadian Lynx
- I-Lynx lynx - i-lynx ejwayelekile
- I-Lynxpardinus - AmaPyrenees Lynx, uLynx waseSpain, uSardinian Lynx
- I-Lynxrufus - I-Red Lynx, i-Red Lynx
Kwi-Pleistocene, ummeleli wesihlanu wohlobo - izinhlobo I-Lynx issiodorensis , okutholakale izidumbu zazo e-Afrika, e-Epasia naseNyakatho Melika.
Okulandelayo incazelo yezinhlobo ezine zama-lynxes.
Amanye amagama: European, Eurasian. Okukhulu futhi okuphakeme kakhulu kwama-lynxes. Ubude bomzimba wakhe buyi-80-130 cm, ubude bomsila busuka ku-10 kuye ku-24,5 cm, ukuphakama kwesilwane lapho kubuna kukhona amasentimitha angama-60-75. I-male lynx inesisindo kusuka ku-18 kuye ku-30 (ngokusho kwemithombo ethile engu-36 kg), abesifazane - ukusuka ku-8 kuye ku-8 21 kg Kepha lokhu akuwona umkhawulo: isisindo sowesilisa oyedwa ovela eSiberia wafinyelela kuma-38 noma ngisho nama-45 kg.
Ehlobo, i-lasix yase-Yurasi inejazi elifushane, elibomvu noma elinsundu, okuthi, njengomthetho, lipende ngokukhanyayo ezilwaneni ezihlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu yebanga. Ebusika, uboya buba mkhulu, umbala wawo uhluka kusuka kwesiliva-grey noma ku-ash-Blue kube nsundu. Ngaphansi komzimba wesilwane, kufaka phakathi intamo negebhu, kuhlala kumhlophe. Uboya buvame ukumakwa ngezindawo ezimnyama, kepha ukubekwa kwabo nobuningi babo kuhluka kakhulu. Abanye abantu banemivimbo emnyama onsundu ebunzini nasemuva. Izinhlobo ziqukethe okuningana okuningana.
I-lynx ejwayelekile yizinhlobo ezisenyakatho zomndeni wakwaFeline, ezihlala ngisho nangapha kwe-Arctic Circle. Ukuphila emahlathini, ezihlahleni, ezindaweni ezinamadwala, ogwadule, ezintabeni kuze kufike ku-5500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. E-Russia, i-lynx ihlala emahlathini ama-taiga futhi aminyene ahlanganisiwe, kufaka phakathi amahlathi asezintabeni, kwesinye isikhathi ingena ehlathini-steppe nehlathi-tundra, itholakala yonke indawo, kuze kufike eSakhalin naseKamchatka.
Eminye imithombo ibiza i-lynx yaseCanada njenge-subspecies ejwayelekile. Ubude bomzimba wesilwane buhlukahluka kusuka ku-67 cm (ngokusho kwemithombo ethile ukusuka ku-80 cm) kuya ku-106 cm, umsila - 5-15 cm, ukuphakama lapho kubuna - 48-56 cm, isisindo - kusuka ku-4.5 kuye ku-11 (ngokusho kweminye imibiko, kuze kufike ku-17, 3 kg). Ebusika, izinwele ze-lynx zinombala onsundu, ehlobo ziba namabala amancane amhlophe qwa. Phakathi kwabamele izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo, azikho izingoma nama-albino, kodwa e-Alaska, kwabonwa umuntu ogqoke ijazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphansi komzimba wesilwane, uboya bukhulu futhi bulula. Izinwele ezimnyama zikhula emaphethelweni ezimpisi, kumsila nasemuva kwezindlebe.
AmaLynxes aseCanada ahlala emahlathini e-Alaska, eCanada nasenyakatho ye-United States aya eziNtabeni zaseRocky eColorado.
- I-Iberian, iSpanishi, noma I-Sardinian lynx (lat. I-Lynx pardinus )
Amanye amagama: Iberian, ingwe lynx. Phambilini, bekuthathwa njengokucatshangelwa okuncane kwe-lynx ejwayelekile.
Lesi yisilwane esinomzimba omfishane, imilenze emide kanye ne-bmayelana ngomsila omncane kunamanye amalungu ohlobo. Ubude bomzimba abesilisa bungu-65-82 (kweminye imithombo kufika ku-100) cm, umsila ungama-12,5-16 (ngokusho kwemithombo ethile 30 cm), ukuphakama lapho kubuna khona ngu-40-70 cm, futhi isisindo sisuka ku-7 kuye ku-15,9 kg. Abesifazane bancane, ubude bawo bomzimba buqala ku-68 kuya ku-75 cm, isisindo - 9-10 kg. I-Pyrenean lynx inezinwele ezimfishane eziphuzi noma ezibomvana, zifana ngombala.
Ibanga le-Pyrenean lynx yizindawo ezinentaba ezinqunyelwe zaseSpain. Cishe maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, inani labantu bakhona lasuka eLwandle iMedithera laya eGalicia (eNtshonalanga Ukraine). Ngo-1960, sase ilahlekelwe ama-80% ebanga langaphambili. Lezi zinhlobo ezingandile ze-lynx ezifakwe ku-International Red Book.
Iphila ama-Pyrenees lynx emahlathini ahlanganisiwe, ama-steppes naphakathi kwamadwala. Kwenzeka endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-400 kuye kwangama-1300 ukusuka olwandle.
Ithathwe kwisiza: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC NG-3.0 es
Ithathwe kwisiza: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC NG-3.0 es
Leli lynx elincane kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinhlobo ezine. Ubukhulu bezilwane ngaphandle komsila buyi-47,5-105 cm (ubude bomzimba obuphakathi - 82.7 cm), umsila - ukusuka ku-9 kuye ku-20 cm, ukuphakama lapho kubuna - 30-60 cm, isisindo sabesilisa ukusuka ku-6.4 kuye ku-18 kg, izinsikazi - kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-15 kg. Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke salezinhlobo sinesisindo esingama-27 kg.
I-lynx yaseMelika inemilenze emifushane uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo futhi inemilenze emincane, ngoba ayidingi ukuhamba eqhweni elijulile.Ukuqina kwesixhumo sesilwane kubukeka kubanzi ngenxa yokuqina kwezinwele ezikhula kuso. Umbala wezinwele ze-lynx uguquguqukayo, uvame ukuba mpunga ngombala omnyama, ngaphandle nangamakhwapha amhlophe ngamachashazi amnyama. Ngaphakathi kwesiqeshana somsila kunophawu olumhlophe. Ama-Lynxes amnyama ngokuphelele futhi amhlophe.
Ama-lynxes abomvu ahlala engxenyeni enkulu yezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika: ukusuka eningizimu yeCanada kuya enkabeni yeMexico. Zikhetha izindawo ezivulekile, kuhlala ogwadule, ama-savannas, amahlathi, izihlahla ezinotshani nezihlahla ezinotshani. Atholakala aze afike ku-3500 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Uhlobo luqukethe izingosi eziningi.
Lesi silwane simele umndeni wekati. Abaningi banesifiso ngombuzo wokuthi i-lynx ihlala kuphi, indlela elula yokuyithola ku-taiga. Njengamanje, akukho mininingwane eminingi eyaziwayo ngohlobo lwe-lynx, imikhuba yayo. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokunemba nokuqapha kwesilwane. Ukufika kuyo akulula njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni. Ngokwencazelo, i-lynx ejwayelekile, njenganoma iyiphi enye, ezinyangeni zasebusika ingasebenzisa izindlela ezenziwe ngumuntu. Lolu hlobo lekati yasendle luyathakazelisa kubathandi bezilwane abaningi.
I-Lynx iphila cishe iminyaka eyi-17, izinkomba ezimaphakathi zohlobo ngalunye lwe-lynx ziyehluka.
I-Lynx - incazelo nezimpawu zangaphandle
I-Lynx ingesinye sabameli abahle kakhulu bamakati, ubude bawo buxhomeke kuhlobo. Ngokwesilinganiso, osayizi baphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-60 - 140. Kukhona amabhulashi ezindlebeni. Endaweni yesilevu, isilo sinezinwele ezinde kunakwezinye izindawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umphumela wempempe uyakhiwa. Isilwane sihlukaniswa abafundi abakhulu, mpo. Ubuhle besilo bunqunywa ngu-silky noboya obukhulu.
Lesi silo sitholakala emazweni aseYurophu, futhi i-lynx ingabonakala e China, Georgia nase Greece. Ngaphezu kwesigamu sabamele le nhlobo bahlala emazweni asentshonalanga, e-United States of America naseCanada.
E-Russian Federation, izilwane zingabonakala emahlathini e-taiga. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, yomibili idatha yangaphandle nesilwane yehlukile.
ISpanishi
I-lynx yaseSpain inamagama amaningi, ama-Iberian, amaIberia nabanye. Abaningi bakhathazekile ngombuzo wokuthi umeleli walokhu kuzalanisa uhlala kuphi. Njengamanje, iningi lalezi zilwane ezisendaweni yepaki kazwelonke, ekuqaleni iPyrenees lynx yayingatholakala emahlathini nasezintabeni zasePortugal naseSpain. I-lynx yaseSpain yayiyenye yezinsizakusebenza zase-Yuria. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathola ukuthi laba bantu abamele umndeni wekati bavela ngokwahlukana.
I-lynx yaseSpain yaziwa ngeqiniso lokuthi ezinyangeni zobusika uboya bazo buba buncane. Ubukhulu bayo abukhulu kakhulu, ukuphakama cishe ngamasentimitha angama-50, ubude 80 - 90 cm. Isisindo se-lynx yaseSpain sisebangeni lamakhilogremu ayi-12 - 22.
I-Pereneyskaya lynx ine-fur brown noma ephuzi; amabala angaba bobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu. Enye yezimpawu zabo eziphambili - imihlathi yinde kunaleyo yabanye ababamele balesi sigaba, i-muzzle incane. Lezi zakhi ezihlelekile zivumela i-bogeyman ukuthi ilume ngokuqina, isisulu sife kusuka ku-2 - 3.
IsiSiberia
Naphezu kobuningi bezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ama-lynx aseSiberia kuphela angatholakala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zeRussia Federation. Umsebenzi wabantu kulezi zifunda uthinte kakhulu inani labantu baseSiberia lynx.
Uboya be-lynx baseSiberia baziswa kakhulu emakethe, okubuye kwaholela ekutheni njengamanje lo mmeleli wohlobo lwekati usebhukwini elibomvu. I-lynx yaseSiberia inesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele esivumela ukuba siphile esimweni esibandayo. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isilo sikhuphuka ngokuphelele izihlahla, naso sigijima ngokushesha, sibhukuda kahle, sigxumela phezulu futhi sikude. Kaningi lesi silwane sitholakala emahlathini ama-coniferous, kepha abamele baso bangatholakala emaqeleni amahlathi.Abanye bahlangana lynxes ngaphesheya Arctic Circle.
Ugwadule
Ugwadule lynx lusho umugqa wasendle, elinye igama lalesi silwane yi-caracal. Kuhunyushwa kusuka eTurkey, igama lalesi silo lisho izindlebe ezimnyama.
Okunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ihlangane ne-caracal iphila endle ogwadule, isilo kwesinye isikhathi sitholakala e-Afrika nase-Asia Minor. Njengamanje, cishe izingxenyana eziyisishiyagalombili ze-lynx yasogwadule ziyahlukaniswa.
Lolu hlobo lwe-feline lunomzimba omncane ocishe ube nobude obungamasentimitha angaphezu kuka-85. Olunye uphawu lwe-caracal yizindlebe zalo eziphakeme, ezitholakala zibheke phezulu. Izinwele ezinzima zivumela isilo ukuba sijikeleze kalula ingxube yesihlabathi. Abaningi bakhathazekile ngombuzo wokuthi lynx inesisindo esingakanani; lokhu kuzala kunesilinganiso samakhilogremu ayi-12. Isisindo sabantu besilisa sikhulu kancane kunesabesifazane.
I-Lynx isilwane esihle ngokungajwayelekile, futhi abanye abantu abenqabeli ukuthola isilo esinjalo ekhaya. Isilo sinomusa omuhle kakhulu nemikhuba eyenza sikwazi ukuncoma lo omelele umndeni wokubuka ikati. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala i-lynx yasekhaya, kufanele uzijwayeze eduze kwabo.
Ezindaweni zasendle, kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuhlangana nommeleli walesi zinhlobo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kwenzeka ebusuku noma kusihlwa, kepha entwasahlobo, i-caracal imvamisa ihamba phakathi nosuku. Futhi, ngesinye isikhathi lesi silwane sikhombisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke ezinyangeni zasebusika, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla. Ngalesi sizathu, isilwane sichitha isikhathi, sihloselwe ukuphumula, ukuthola ukudla.
Ukuhlala kwalesi silo kufanekiswa ngesimo sedwala, kepha okotini angahlala emiseleni engenalutho, ngasizathu simbe eyashiywa yimpungushe noma esinye isilo.
Ummeleli wekati ozala ikati akavamile ukuhlala elambile, ngenxa yethalente langaphakathi lakhe lokuzingela. Umzimba onamandla nokuzwa okuhle uvumela lesi silo ukusithola kalula isisulu. ICaracal ingabamba kalula inyoni emhlambini obekufanele indize. I-Lynx idla izilwane noma izinyoni kuphela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-antelope, fox ngisho neenciniba.
Abalandeli abaningi balesi silo banesidingo embuzweni wokuthi kubiza malini i-lynx. Inani layo lingafaniswa nezindleko zemoto yakwamanye amazwe noma imoto entsha yasekhaya. Lokhu kuchazwa ngokuzikhandla kwama-caracals. Ebusheni benethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke kunezintengo ezahlukahlukene ezisukela ku-450 000 kuya kuma-ruble ayizigidi.
Ngaphambi kwalokho, ama-lynxes angeniswa endlini ukuze umhlaseli azisize ekuvikeleni insimu. Kungenzeka ukugcina isilo esinjalo efulethini, kodwa ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyodingeka wenze imihlatshelo ethile. Ugqoko kufanele ube mkhulu kakhulu kunele wamakati asekhaya. I-Caracal idinga ukuqeqeshwa, kunconywa ukuthi uyiqeqeshe ngokushesha ukuze idambise isidingo lapho uhamba. Lesi silwane sidinga umoya omusha nsuku zonke, kanye nezinja. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho yokuqeqeshwa kwezilwane, ifenisha yakho nekhaya lakho kuzohlala kuphephile futhi kuzwakala.
Izitha Endle
Ingozi enkulu kwi-lynx ngumuntu. Uboya balesi silwane baziwa kakhulu emakethe, futhi lesi silwane singangena nasendleleni emfuyweni. Lapho isilo sihlangana nomuntu, sizama ukucasha kuye esihlahleni. Kuyaqabukela, i-lynx yokuqala ihlasele umuntu. Uma isilwane silimele, ngeke sibaleke, isilo sizama ukugxumela kumzingeli bese simbulala.
Enye ingozi kulesi silo yizimpisi. Uma i-lynx isencane, ayikhuphuki esihlahleni, kodwa izama ukuphunyuka emhlambini, ohlale uphela ngokufa komugqa. Isilwane esinolwazi siyohlala esihlahleni aze umhlambi uyeke ukusivimbezela.
ILynx isilwane esidumile, ngenxa yobuhle baso. Abantu abaningi bavakashela i-zoo ngenxa yokungathandi izindlovu, amahlosi kuphela, kepha nama-lynxes. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nasezimweni ezinjalo kuyinkinga ukuyibona.Isilo sithanda ukuchitha isikhathi sosuku ku-niche, siphuma ikakhulu kusihlwa kuphela. Abantu abanandaba, abakhombisi imizwa efudumele yabasebenzi bezilwane. Lesi silwane sizoba nentshisekelo kakhulu kundlunkulu ondiza ngephutha ungene ezindizeni. Ummeleli we-feline uthanda izinyoni, ngoba izinyoni ezindiza ezindiza kuyi-lynx ziyingozi ebulalayo. Abesifazane bathanda ukudlala izilo, njengawo wonke amanye amakati, nezinto eziyindilinga, kulokhu amathanga. Abesilisa kule ndaba banegazi elibandayo kakhulu, empeleni abadlali.
- Lesi silo sinomkhuba owodwa ongenakuqhathaniswa wokufihla inyama futhi singabuyi.
- Izindlebe zalesi silwane ziyakwazi ukubamba umsindo othule kakhulu, noma ngabe kungumoya womuntu noma impisi.
- Eqa lesilo ukuphakama kungafinyelela amamitha ayi-6.
- Izinhlobo ze-Eurasian zingaphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezingama-55 degrees Celsius.
- Isilo empeleni asizithandi izimpungushe futhi, uma kungenzeka, siyazibhubhisa. AmaConnoisseurs achaza lokhu ngomgomo wezimpungushe ezizingelayo ezithanda ukudla isidlo sasemzini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho ummeleli wefeline ebona impungushe eduze kwesisulu sayo, uyayidedela, bese ijaha isela. I-lynx ayisoze yasidla, isilo sishiya i-fox efile endaweni namaqabunga.
Kukholakala ukuthi i-lynx yabizwa iqhawe eliyinganekwane uLucius, owayekwazi ukubona lokho.
Kukhona nomphakathi okhethekile obizwa nge-Academy of Lynxes, wasungulwa e-Italy ngekhulu le-XVII.
Izici
Lesi silwane sihlala e-Eurasia, Kamchatka, eNyakatho Melika. Phambilini i-lynx nayo yatholakala emazweni ase-Europe, kepha ngenxa yesidingo soboya bayo yacishe yaqothulwa ngokuphelele kulezi zindawo. Okwamanje kufakwe ku-Red Book.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zikhona: ECanada, iPyrenean, i-lynx ebomvu nejwayelekile, ngezansi izithombe ezimbalwa zalesi silwane.
Ngaphandle, i-lynx ibukeka ikati elinosayizi abakhulu, imvamisa cishe ibanga eli-1. Isisindo sabesilisa singafinyelela ku-25-30 kg, izinsikazi zinesisindo esingama-20 kg. Uboya be-Lynx bukhulu kakhulu.
Ngokuqondene nombala, ungaba bomvu, ube nsundu noma ube mpunga (konke kuya ngokuthi kuhlala kuphi). Izinhlangothi nangemuva zimbozwe izindawo ezimnyama.
Kufanele futhi kwaziwe ukuthi i-lynx inomsila wesimo esingajwayelekile, kungathi idalwe ngamabomu. Ijazi lasebusika lide kunejazi lasehlobo futhi likhulu.
Ukuhlanza kwenzeka kabili ngonyaka. Imilenze yangaphambili yinde kunezinyawo ezingemuva, okuvumela i-lynx ukwenza ukugxila okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
Okunye futhi okuthokozisayo ukuthi imilenze yangemuva ye-lynx inezinzwane ezinhlanu, kuthi phambili kube nezine.
Ingqimba ye-lynx imbozwe ngoboya obukhulu ebusika ukuze ikwazi ukukhululeka ngokwengeziwe lapho ihamba ezindaweni ezinamaqhwa. Indlela yokuhamba nge-lynx iyefana neyempisi nehlosi, imilenze yangemuva ilandela imikhondo yangaphambili.
I-Lynx isilwane esinokuzwa okuhle kakhulu, konke kubonga ngamabhulashi akhethekile onqenqemeni lwezindlebe, lawa mabhulashi enza umsebenzi wohlobo lwe-antenna.
Indlela yokuphila nemikhuba
ILynx ikakhulukazi ihlala emahlathini ama-taiga noma asezintabeni. Ibhekana nezihlahla ezikhuphukayo. I-Lynx izizwa imnandi kakhulu ngisho nasekushiseni kwama-60 degrees. Indawo lapho ahlala khona futhi azingela khona, i-lynx ingafinyelela endaweni engamamitha-skwele angaphezu kuka-200. km, futhi ingadlula le ndima cishe isonto nesigamu.
I-lynx ishintsha indawo okuyo kuphela ngenxa yokushoda kokudla. Enye yezitha eziphambili ze-lynx yizimpisi. Ukubalekela izimpisi ze-lynx kungaphezu kwamandla. Kusinda kuphela labo abacashe ezihlahleni.
Kepha kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi ingozi eyinhloko ku-lynx ngumuntu, okungukuthi abazingeli.
Ukucasha kubazingeli be-lynx kuvame ukuvumela ukuzwa kwayo okuphelele. Izinzipho ze-lynx, kanye namazinyo ayo, kungalimaza kakhulu umuntu ozomhlukumeza.
Isithombe seLynx
Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala
Lolu hlobo lwamakati lubonwa njengohlobo olusenyakatho kakhulu olwahlala emhlabeni. EScandinavia, itholakala nangaphandle kwe-Arctic Circle.Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, ibanga layo lalilikhulu kakhulu, futhi i-lynx yayingatholakala eCentral naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.
Eshumini lesibili sekhulu lamashumi amabili, inani lazo lehla kakhulu, ngenxa yezenzo ezaqala ukuthinta ukwehliswa kwesibalo salezinhlobo zezilwane. Abazingeli kanye nama-amateurs babeqhuba ukudubula kwezilwane ngobuningi bazo ngenxa yoboya neziqu.
Ake sinikeze amazwe ambalwa lapho ahlala khona nokuzala. Amazwe ase-Europe:
Kepha, lolu hlu aluphelele, okungenani kukhona amazwe ayi-10 lapho angatholakala khona. E-Russia, uncamela ukuhlala eSakhalin naseKamchatka, ngendlela, i-lynx ivele lapha muva nje. Uwathanda ngokweqiniso amahlathi acinene futhi acinene.
Usengahlangana nekati yasendle eCaucasus, eCentral Asia, kodwa kulezi zindawo inani lazo lincane kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nendawo ephakathi yeRussian Federation, indawo ehlala kuyo izobukeka kanjena:
E-Ukraine, kungabonakala ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, njengezintaba zeCarpathian. Lesi silwane sihlala futhi e-Armenia, Azerbaijan naseKazakhstan.
Umlingiswa we-Lynx nendlela yokuphila
I-Lynx isilwane sasendle. Ikati elikhulu leli lihlala emahlathini we-taiga namahlathi wezintaba. Ngokuvamile, i-lynx itholakala kwi-tundra noma ehlathini-steppe. Kodwa-ke, ikati elihlaselayo ligibela izihlahla ngokuphelele futhi lizizwa lizethemba kakhulu emagatsheni alo kunasemhlabeni.
I-Lynx - isilwane se-taiga namahlathi , kulapho angasuthisa khona ngokukhululekile isifiso sakhe sokuzingela. I-Eurasian lynx ingamelana nokushisa okufika ku-55 degrees.
I-lynx ngayinye ihlala endaweni ethile efinyelela kumamitha-skwele angama-250. km, angahamba ngawo emavikini angama-1-2. Ishiya insimu yayo ngayinye ngokuntuleka kokudla. Izitha eziphambili ze-lynx yizimpisi futhi.
Akukaziwa ukuthi kungani izimpisi zingamakati amnyama kangaka, noma ziyithanda kakhulu inyama ye-lynx noma emzabalazweni wokudla. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukubalekela i-lynx ephaketheni lezimpisi. Uma onolwazi lokucasha ezihlahleni, osemusha cishe uyolunywa ngumhlambi.
Ngeshwa, kodwa ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke esilwaneni ngumuntu. Abazingeli unyaka nonyaka banciphisa isibalo salezi zilwane ezinhle. Ngale ndlela, umhlangano ophethe i-lynx uthathwa njengenhlanhla, ngoba uncamela ukufihla umuntu ezihlahleni zezihlahla.
Ukuzwa okuhle kwe-lynx kukuvumela ukuba ubambe izinyathelo ngaphambi kokusondela kwakhe nangesikhathi sokucasha. Kepha uma umuntu alimala ikati elimazayo, kungalindeleka ukuthi kube nokuhlaselwa okunamandla ngamazinyo abukhali namawele. Isilwane singaphula kalula intamo yomuntu, kepha lokhu kuyaqabukela.
Isela fox lynx emoyeni alikwazi ukubekezelela. ulinde yena futhi ubulale, isidumbu sishiya singasebenzi. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ikati yasendle inomkhuba othakazelisayo wokufaka umsila wayo. Akukacaciswa ukuthi wenzaaphi lokhu amacala.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ehlobo, i-lynx iqala isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Abesilisa abaningana abahlala behambisana nowesifazane bahlala belwa, bancinza, bememeze futhi bamemeze. Le misindo izwakala kude. Lapho insikazi ithanda okudala kakhulu futhi enamandla, izilwane zakha umndeni.
Umbhangqwana onothando ukhonkotha omunye ngomunye, unwebe bese uqala ukonqena amabunzi awo kalula nangobumnene. Okulandelayo ukuhlonyiswa kwendlu yokuhlala, engatholakala ezimpandeni zesihlahla, umgodi, umhume wobumba noma umgodi wedwala. Zijikeleza indlu yazo ngotshani, izinwele zezilwane kanye nezimpaphe.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2-2,5, kuzalwa izingane ezi-2 ukuya ku-4, ezinesisindo esingama-300 g, futhi azizwa lutho oluzwayo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesonto, abazali baqala ukukhulisa umzingeli omncane kusuka kitten. Ziletha iduku noma inyoni encane nokucasha.
Umsebenzi wengane ukubathola. Ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala, ama-lynxes asevele ekhona nonina ekuzingeleni, futhi lapho enezinyanga ezinhlanu afunda ukuzitholela ukudla. Lapho amakati ezalwa enonyaka owodwa ubudala, ama-lynx omama bawo awaxosha futhi athole inzalo entsha.
Le ntokazi isilungele ukuzilungiselela esikhathini esingangonyaka nohhafu, abesilisa kube kabili nesigamu.Isikhathi sokuphila kwezinyamazane ngokwemvelo sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-20, ekudingisweni leli nani lifinyelela ku-25.
Manje imfashini ifaka phakathi ukulondolozwa kwezakhamizi zasendle zezimbali ezindlini nasezindlini. At uthenga isilwane esinjenge-lynx, kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi badinga indawo yokuhlala enkulu nokunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Imikhuba yalesi silwane sasendle ayikwenzi ukuthi sikwazi ukuyigcina efulethini, noma kunjalo, okwamanje, lohlobo lwe- “Domestic lynx” luye lwadabula i-lynx yasendle ngombala ohambelana nezinwele. Intengo ye-Lynx mude impela, kodwa kufanelekile ukuba nesilwane esinobuhlakani, esihle futhi esihle.
I-Common Lynx (Lynx lynx) - isilwane esisezinhlotsheni zezilwane ezincelisayo nohlobo lwe-lynx, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezine. I-lynx ejwayelekile ingeyokulandelana okuvamile kwezilwane eziPredatory kanye nomndeni wakwaFeline.
Incazelo nokubukeka
Namuhla, umhlaba wethu uhlala ngezinhlobo eziningana ze-lynx, ezihlukile ngobukhulu, umbala wesikhumba nendawo yokusabalalisa. ILynx njengamanje iyona hlobo lwenyakatho lomndeni wekati. .
Kuyathakazelisa! Isithombe se-lynx sisetshenziswa kabanzi embusweni, ngakho-ke lolu phawu luvame ukutholakala kumafulegi nezifanekiselo zamadolobha ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi uGomel no-Ust-Kubinsk eVologda Oblast.
Ukubukeka
Isiqu esifushane nesishubile sici sawo wonke ama-lynxes, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni. Izindlebe zinebhulashi lezinwele ezinde futhi ezichazwe kahle. Umsila umfushane impela, unesici esinamandla kakhulu, "esinqunyiwe" ingxenye. Inhloko yosayizi omncane, kuthiwa uyindilinga. Izinwele eziphakeme zitholakala ngamanani amakhulu ezinhlangothini ze-muzzle, futhi zakha "amakhavu" angabonakali kakhulu. Isifishane sifinyeziwe, ngamehlo abanzi nezinhlamvu eziyindilinga. Amaphawu makhulu ebusika ngama-pubescence amahle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokuqala kobusika, ingxenye engezansi yamakhanda e-lynx igcwele izinwele ezinde futhi ezinobukhulu obukhulu, ukuze isilwane sikwazi ukuqhubekela eqhweni elijulile kakhulu nelikhululekile, njengokushushuluza.
Osayizi be-Lynx
Ubude bomzimba obuphakathi kwe-lynx yabantu abadala bunokwehluka phakathi kwe-80-130cm . Ukuphakama kwesilwane lapho kubuna kufinyelela ku-65-70cm. Njengomthetho, umuntu omdala futhi owakheke kahle we-lynx uyefana ngobukhulu nenja enkulu, enkulu. Isisindo sowesilisa abadala se-lynx siyahluka phakathi kuka-18-25 kg, kepha amanye amaduna ayakwazi ukufinyelela isisindo esingama-8-10 kg, kanti izinsikazi kaningi azinakuba ngaphezu kwama-18-20 kg.
Umbala wesikhumba
Umbala wezinwele ze-lynx uhluka kakhulu namuhla, futhi ungamelwa izinhlobo eziningi zemibala nezithunzi ezixhomeke ngokuqondile endaweni yokuhlala yabantu. Umbala ungahluka kusuka kumathoni abomvu-ansundu abe ngomphunga obomvana, lapho kukhona amabala angaphansi noma angaphezulu kakhulu emuva nasemilenzeni, kanye nasezinhlangothini zesilwane.
Esiswini se-lynx, izinwele zinde kakhulu futhi zithambile, ziluhlaza, kepha aziminyene futhi zimhlophe njalo ziba mhlophe ngezicucu ezingabonakali, ezibonakalayo. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, abantu ngabanye banombala obomvu ogqamile, futhi futhi banejazi elifushane neliminyene. Ihlanza isilwanyana esidla inyama entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Indlela yokuphila ejwayelekile ye-Lynx
Kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla inyama, i-lynx ejwayelekile ithanda ukwenza izindlela zobusuku noma, okubizwa ngokuthi, izindlela zokuhlwa. Lesi sidlo sodwa, kepha insikazi enamawundlu ihlala ndawonye izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Kuyathakazelisa! AmaLynxes ayafuna inyamazane yazo ngemuva kokuba mnyama. Amabhulashi asezindlebeni zomdlwenguli asebenza njengohlobo lwedivaysi eyenza ukuthi kutholakale inyamazane.
Ngaphezu kokuzingela okuthiwa yi-skrad, ama-lynxes ayakwazi ukulinda inyamazane yawo lapho aqamekele. Lesi silwane esidla inyama sivame ukulala silindele inyamazane yaso emigudwini ye-hare, kanye naseceleni komgodi wokunisela ongabonakali.
Lapho i-lynx ihlala khona, ibanga
AbakwaLynx bakhetha ukuhlala emahlathini amnyama amnyama nama-coniffort, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi bangangena ehlathini-steppe noma ehlathini-tundra. Isilwane sikwazi ukugibela kalula hhayi izihlahla kuphela, kodwa namatshe, futhi sihle kakhulu ekubhukuda.
Ngenxa yejazi eliningi, i-lynx ivumelana ngokuphelele nokuphila eqhweni elingaphezu kwe-Arctic Circle. Amabala asoyeni enza ukuba i-lynx icishe ingabonakali ngesikhathi sasemini phakathi kokukhanya kwelanga okuwela emhlabathini, futhi ibuye isifihle isilwane phakathi kwezihlahla nezihlahla.
Ukudla nezimbiwa
Ukuzingela okuvamile kwe-lynx, ezimweni eziningi, ukuthola amahashe. Uma kungenzeka, lesi silwane siyakwazi ukuhlasela izimbulunga ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, kufaka phakathi ama-roe deer, ama-musk deer kanye nezinyamazane, kanye namabhungu asendle asendle. Imvamisa ama-lynxes abamba ama-squirrels kanye nama-martens, futhi adle i-grouse, i-grouse ne-grouse emnyama.
Ekufuneni ukudla, ama-lynxes angahamba amakhilomitha angamashumi amathathu phakathi nosuku, futhi eminyakeni elambe kakhulu, umhlaseli uvame ukusondela lapho kuhlala khona umuntu, lapho amakati asekhaya noma edukile nezinja kanye nezinkomo ezincane ziba yisisulu sazo. Kudlengwa inyamazane engagcinwanga eqhweni noma emhlabathini.
Kuyathakazelisa! Iqiniso elingajwayelekile njengokuhlukumezeka okungakholakali kwe-lynx kwezimpungushe laziwa kahle. Umhlaseli uzama ukuluma impungushe ngesikhathi sokuqala, kepha le nyama ayidliwa nakancane ngokudla.
Ukuzalela inzalo
I-Common Lynx - isisulu esihola indlela yokuphila yodwa . Umjaho wama-trot uqala ngoMashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilwane ezidla ezinye zikhala kakhulu ngokukhamuluka, kanye nokugquma noma ukukhala kakhulu. Esigabeni sokuzala, insikazi ngayinye ihambisana kanye nabesilisa abaningana ngokuhlaselana. Imibhangqwana efundisiwe yenza uhlobo lwamasiko owamukelekayo, futhi uthando lubonakaliswa ngokukhotha uboya komunye nomunye.
Kuyathakazelisa! Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sowesifazane siyahluka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-64-70. I-brood eyodwa iqukethe, njengomthetho, wama-kittens, kepha kwesinye isikhathi inani labo lingafinyelela kwesihlanu. Ama-Lynxes ayisithulu futhi awaboni, yingakho insikazi kuqala izifihla emgodini, otholakala ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla eziwile, kwizimbobo ezijulile noma emihumeni yomhlaba. Futhi, ezinye izintokazi kwesinye isikhathi zihlela umhume ezindaweni ezilele phansi noma ezindaweni ezinamadwala amakhulu.
Isisindo esijwayelekile seketana elisanda kuzalwa, njengomthetho, alidluli kumagremu angama-250-300. Amehlo weLynx avulwa kuphela ngosuku lweshumi nambili. Kuze kube cishe inyanga, insikazi idla amazinyane ayo ngobisi kuphela, emva kwalokho ukudla kancane kwamaprotheni aqinile kuqala. Ukuzalwa kwama-kittens kwenziwa ngabazali bobabili, abangavikeli inzalo yabo kuphela, kodwa futhi bamfundise ukuthi angakuthola kanjani ukudla nokucasha ezitheni. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane kusondela eminyakeni emibili, futhi emadodeni ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva.