Kungani izinkunzi zingafani nokubomvu? * Izilwane

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Kungani izinkunzi zingafani nokubomvu?

Abantu abaningi bayaqiniseka ukuthi uma inkunzi ibona into ebomvu, ngokushesha “iyahloka” bese igxuma ibheke umbala wayo ocasulayo. Lesi sitatimende sigxiliwe ngisho nasezizwini. Isibonelo, abantu abakubona ngesihluku okuthile bathiwe baphenduka "njengenkunzi ngenhlamvu ebomvu." Kungani kunenkolelo enjalo?

Ama-zoologists agomela ngokungananazi ukuthi umbono onjalo unephutha, ngoba zombili izinkunzi nezinkomo empeleni azihlukanisi imibala (zibona umbala omhlophe kangcono kunabanye). Kodwa kungani amanxusa ngesikhathi se-bullfight (enye yezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu nezasendulo eSpain) bezulaza i-cape yabo ebomvu phambi kwamehlo abo? Kakhulu ngenxa yale mincintiswano, kwaba nokuqagela okukhulu ukuthi izinkunzi ziyavutha ngolaka lapho zibona umbala obomvu.

Kungenzeka ukuthi ama-capes abomvu asetshenziswa yilabo abamele ngesikhathi se-bullfight isiko nje elikhona iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Yize kunjalo, iqiniso lokuthi izinkunzi azihlukanisi imibala, kwaziwa kakhulu emuva kokuvela kwalomqondo. Kodwa kungani, ngemuva kwakho konke, bagijimela ebomvu?

Iqiniso ngukuthi lezi zilwane azijahi nhlobo ngombala. Izinkomo zisabela ukunyakaza, ukugwedla kwe-cape. Ungabamba noma imuphi umbala phambi kwenkunzi: omhlophe, obomvu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kepha uma uyibambe ungashukumi, inkunzi ayiyikuphuka. Kepha uma umane nje uhambisa indwangu, uzobe eqaphela, futhi uma uzulaza, uzoshesha nokuhlasela. Inkunzi iqala ukubukeka sengathi isatshiswa ngento engayiboni nhlobo, bese iqala ukuzivikela. Ekuqaleni, inkunzi izivikela kuphela, kodwa bese iyathukuthela bese iqala ukuzihlasela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uphonsa indwangu emhlophe phambi kwakhe, uyothukuthela kakhulu, ngoba umbala omhlophe wenkunzi ukhanya kakhulu kunokubomvu futhi uzophumelela kangcono.

Okuncane kwesizinda se-bullish

Iningi lezinto zokuhamba zanamuhla zinokuthambekela okusheshayo nokucasulayo. Ukuziphatha okunolaka kwabantu abadala kuchazwa ngofuzo lwabo. Lezi zilwane zingokhokho bohambo lwasendle lwasendulo, olwaluhlala amahlathi nama-steppes amahlathi kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia Minor.

Uhambo lwalubukeka luhluke kakhulu kunangesikhathi sabo:

abanye abantu bangafinyelela ithani elilodwa lesisindo bukhoma,
yayinezimpondo ezinkulu ezinamandla
babenesikhumba esinzima kakhulu futhi esingangeneki.

Kwakudingeka ukubukeka okuqinile nokuqina okuqinile kohambo ukuze kuvikeleke ekuhlaseleni izilwane zasendle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlingiswa oshesha ukuthukuthela wasiza ekuzuzeni impi ngamanye izinkambo zenkomo ayithandayo.

Zonke lezi zinto zokuthambekela zatholakala njengefa ngama-herbivores nama-carnivores wesimanje. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkunzi ezingama-herbivorous zinikezwa isimo esidabukisayo. Behlala emhlambini osondelana, kwakudingeka bavikele izikhundla zabo nsuku zonke futhi balwele i-tidbit yokudla.

Ukusetshenziswa komoya onolaka ngezinhloso zokulwa

Umbono wokuthi uma nje inkunzi ibona isigaxa esibomvu bese yathukuthela, yakheka ngokuqinile ngemuva kwesizinda sombukiso wenkunzi wendabuko owandile e-Italy. Umbukiso womphakathi ubheka ukusabela kwesilwane esibhakeleni esikhanyayo (i-mulet).

I-bullfight igagamela isibhengezo esibomvu phambi kwamehlo enkabi, ngokungangabazeki okucasulayo owokugcina. Kulokhu, lesi silwane sihlaselwa njalo ngeziqongo ezibukhali emzimbeni waso. Owesilisa owopha igazi, empeleni, angavele aqhamukele kumphikisi ngaphandle kokufiphala kwamehlo akhe.

ESpain, ukuzanywa kwenziwa ngaphezulu kwesisodwa besebenzisa amaphaneli eminye imibala. Kwavela ukuthi izinkunzi ziphendukela kwamanye ama-shades aqhakazile ngendlela efanayo nebomvu.

Ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi zombili ithole elisanda kuzalwa, amaduna amadala, kanye nezinkomo zinikezwe umbono ongasho lutho.

Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi amehlo abo ahlome izinhlobo ezimbili zamaprotheni azwelayo kuphela. Uhlobo lwesithathu, okuyisimo sokubona komuntu, alukho ezinkomeni. Yilolu hlobo lwamaprotheni abhekele ukubonakala kwamathunzi akhanyayo ngokubona, ngoba asondele kakhulu ekugcineni kwesibuko esibomvu. Kungakho izinkunzi zikwazi ukubona into yanoma yimuphi umbala, kepha ukwahlukanisa umthunzi wazo akuyona.

Izizathu zokunganakwa kwezinto ezibomvu

Kungani inkunzi isabela ebomvu uma ingayiboni? Ngenxa yesimo sakhe esinolaka, owesilisa uzixwaya zonke izinto ezinyakazayo. Ukunakwa kwakhe kobuhlungu kudonswa yinkomo edlulayo noma ezinye izilwane.

Kuqala usabela ekuvuseleleni ngomoya wokulwa. Kungemva kokuba isikhathi esithile sesedlule, izinkunzi ziyaqonda futhi ziqaphele ukungabi bungozi.

Abelusi bagqoka phambi kwezinkabi zigqoke ingubo engaphenduki yemibala emnyama nelula, kepha uma umuntu egqoka izingubo ezibomvu ezivuthayo futhi emi ngaphandle kwemizuzu eminingana ngaphambi kokugqolozela isilwane, khona-ke ukusabela okuvela kokugcina ngeke kukuthole.

Kepha uma wenza iminyakazo embalwa ebukhali, uzowubona ngokushesha umoya wenkabi onolaka.

Ngokwesakhiwo sabo sezinhlamvu, ngaphandle kwesizini yokuzalela, abesilisa babusa izinkomo. Futhi kuphela lapho izinsikazi ezivusa inkanuko yezocansi zilahlekelwa ukuqaphela kwazo futhi amahora ambalwa ziphenduka umhlaseli wazo ziyinkunzi enothando futhi zidakwa ngemizwa yokuzilibazisa.

Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi umbala unomphumela omncane ekuziphatheni kwenkunzi. Futhi ama-bullfighters asebenzisa i-mulete ebomvu kuphela ukuheha ukunaka kwababukeli futhi aphambukise ukunaka okufanayo kumuntu wabo ngqo kunkunzi.

Siyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana iphendule imibuzo yakho futhi icacisa amaphuzu aphikisanayo maqondana nombono wezinkunzi.

Tshela abangane bakho ngalolu lwazi usebenzisa i-Like.

Futhi sizokujabulela ukuphawula kwakho.

Umbono osungulwe futhi osakazekile kabanzi ngomphumela ocasulayo wezinto ezibomvu kunkunzi uthathwa njenge-axiom. Kuliqiniso, lesi isitatimende esenziwe ngaphandle komphakathi wesayensi. Abaphenyi bokungafani kombono bamemezela ngokuqiniseka ukuthi izilwane zincishwa kakhulu ubuhle bazo, ngokubona komuntu, amandla okubona umhlaba ngemibala egqamile.

Futhi yize kungekho bumbano ezweni lesayensi, ukuba khona kwamaphuzu okuhanjiswa kwemibono kusivumela ukuthi sikhulume ngombono obuthakathaka wombala, kanye nabamele abathile bomndeni we-squirrel. Kepha kuthiwani ngezihlobo zezinkambo zasendulo - izinkunzi ezifuywayo kanti? Kuyavela ukuthi uhlelo lombala lomhlaba wezinkunzi luyingxenye yobubanzi obukhulu bokuqina okuphansi, futhi, ekunciphiseni ukubona, grey, green and shades eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngokuqondile, izikhumbuzi zazo. Ukwakheka kwamehlo esifuyo sezinkomo, njengoba imfuyo ibhekisa ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kwenkabi, kukhombisa ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli ezinzwa we-photoreceptor ngemuva kwe-retina: izinduku, ezibhekele umbono wamnyama nowomhlophe, kanye nezigaxa, ukuhlinzeka ngombono wemibala yesikhathi sasemini yezithombe.

Ngakho-ke yini eyenza ukuthi lesi sikhulu esinezimpondo ezimbili sithukuthele, siklolodelana kwengxenye yokuqala kwezintathu yokubulawa kwenkunzi ngengubo enkulu enamacala amabili (epinki ophuzi noma opinki), okubizwa nge- “capote”, futhi engxenyeni yokugcina yesithathu - ngengubo encane ebomvu. Hhayi umbala, kepha ukugoqa okubonayo. Ukuba khona kwe “ndawo eyimpumputhe” emkhakheni wombono endaweni yasekhaleni, ukusabela okuhle kokunyakaza nokungaboni kahle kwezingxenye ezikude kucasule isilwane, esivele sinomuntu omubi.

Enye yemfihlo ehluleka ukucasulwa uToro ukuhogela. I-mulelet ebomvu igcina ulayini wegazi elishiywe kusuka kumlo owedlule ongabonakali ezilalelini ezihlatshayo. Umuzwa obukhali wephunga uxwayisa isilwane ngengozi, usenze sibheke isitha, sifuthekele futhi sihlasele okucasulayo, okudlalwa ngabakwa-torero noma abanye ababambe iqhaza empini - amapilitha, ama-banderillero, amahhashi ... Ngenhlanhla yabaphikisi abanemilenze emibili, umbono omubi wenkunzi uvame ukwenza lokhu kuhlaselwa kube yize. Kepha lokhu akwenzeki njalo.

Bulls kukholakala ukuthi baphendula ngokufutheka emjondolo obomvu. Lokhu empeleni akunjalo. Kanye nabo bonke abanye abamele, banobumpumputhe bemibala. Manje-ke kungani izinkunzi zingawuthandi umbala obomvu, uma empeleni zingawuhlukanisi?

Ukubhujiswa kwenganekwane

Ngo-2007, abacekeli baka-Discovery Channel legend bahlanya inkunzi ebukhoma ezilingweni ezintathu ezihlukile. Umgomo wabo bekuwukuthola ukuthi kungani izinkunzi zingawuthandi umbala obomvu futhi empeleni kunjalo. Umnyombo wokuhlolwa kokuqala ubunjengokulandelayo: Kufakwe amafulegi amathathu obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe enkundleni yemidlalo. Isilwane sihlasele bobathathu, noma ngabe sinomthunzi. Kwalandela bobathathu omama, futhi futhi nenkunzi engakhethiyo ayizange ishiye muntu. Ekugcineni, isikhathi sesifikile sabantu abaphilayo. Kwakunabantu abathathu enkundleni yemidlalo, eyodwa ebomvu ibimile inganyakazi, ezinye izikhulu ezimbili zenkomo zihambise isiyingi. Inkunzi yaqala ukujaha ama-daredevil ashukumisayo, futhi yanganakwa "obomvu" onganyakazi.

Umbala awunandaba

Umbala yilokho ababukeli abanaka kakhulu kunenkunzi. Okokuqala, izembatho ezigqokwa ngokucebile namakhokho abomvu kubhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yesiko nesiko lokwenzelwa inkunzi. Njengoba amaqembu ezemidlalo ahlala egqoke imibala efanayo, izembatho ezibomvu zibonakala njengengxenye yomfaniswano wamasende, futhi hhayi ngoba izinkunzi zingathandi okubomvu. Izizathu ziyasebenza futhi. I-Bullfighting ingenye yamasiko athandwa kakhulu futhi anempikiswano eSpain. Imvamisa lesi senzo esijabulisayo siphela ngokufa kwenkunzi, nombala obomvu, yize kungenamandla kangako, kepha imaski isenzo esivele sinesihluku.

Inkunzi ihlasela lowo ohambayo

Umbuzo "Kungani izinkunzi ziphenduka zibomvu?" ayilungile ngokuphelele, ngoba lolu hlobo lombala, futhi futhi luhlaza okotshani, aluhlukani nhlobo. Ukunyakaza kwabo ngolaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkabi ezibandakanyeka ku-bullfight zivela kohlobo olunolaka kakhulu (i-El Toro Bravo). Zikhethwe ngendlela yokuthi noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kungazishayela ujabule futhi kubenze baphuthume ekuhlaselweni. Noma i-cape ingumbala ozolile wesibhakabhaka, inkunzi isazokuhlasela uma uyishintsha phambi kwempumulo yakhe. Ngakho-ke, uma i-matador igqoke obomvu futhi ingashukumi, kanti enye i-matador igqoke noma yimuphi omunye umbala (ngisho nomhlophe) bese iqala ukunyakaza, inkunzi ihlasela lowo omhlophe (lowo oshukumayo).

"Njenge nkunzi kugqoko obomvu"

Abantu abaningi basakholelwa ekutheni uma inkunzi ibona okuthile okubomvu, lapho nje amehlo ayo eqala ukugcwala ngegazi, izoqala ukuphefumula kanzima futhi ishaqeke umhlabathi ngenselo yayo, bese kuthi-ke, yisiphi isilwane esibi kakhulu, esinamandla sizomjaha siqonde kunoma ngubani kuyacasula. Kukhona nesisho esithi: ngomuntu osheshe athukuthele, athi yena ufikelwa njengenkunzi kunenhlamvu ebomvu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona into edlula ukungaqondi.

Akukhathalekile ukuthi imibala izogwala izoba umbala muni: uma uyihambisa bese inkunzi iyayibona, khona-ke izolokhu iqaphela, kepha uma uqala ukuyisusa kuzo zonke izinkomba, bese ulindela inkathazo. Lokhu yindlela evamile yokuzivikela. Isilwane sibona ukunyakaza njengokusongela, futhi akunakukhetha ngaphandle kokuzivikela. By the way, if you wave wave a white, ke umphumela ungabonakala kakhulu, ngoba lo mbala ukhanya kunobomvu futhi inkunzi izoyibona ngokushesha okukhulu.

I-Bullfighting yisibuko esihle kakhulu, njengomdanso wobuqaba, sinenkolo futhi ngasikhathi sinye sinolaka, sigcwele ubuhle nomusa, kepha sinesihluku futhi sinegazi. Izinkulungwane zabantu ziqandeka zilindele ukusebenza okumangazayo futhi izinhliziyo zabo ziqala ukushaya ngesigqi esisodwa - phela, ukuphela kwalokhu kusebenza kungukufa.

Kuvele izimbangi ezimbili enkundleni yezemidlalo - owesilisa nenkunzi. Omunye wesibili, futhi i-duel eyingozi kufanele iqale phakathi kwesilwane esihle, esinamandla, esinesibindi nesiqhenyayo, esibonisa ukuthambekela kokuqala, ubunzima bempilo, ubunzima nakho konke okumnyama empilweni, ne-torero egqoke imisebe yelanga emhlophe ebabazekayo, emhlophe ISveta ".

Bonke ababukeli, abanomoya omnandi, babona indawo ebulalayo eyingozi yamandla amabili angokomfanekiso - ubumnyama nokukhanya, lapho umuntu ngokuphepha egwema ukushaya kwenqola ngosizo lomnyuzi obomvu okhanyayo (indwangu ebekwe phezu kwenduku) ethukuthelisa inkunzi futhi efihle isilayidi le-matador, futhi umvuthwandaba obophezelekile kuzoba ukunqoba kwe-torero ebabazekayo nokufa kwenkunzi.

Izilaleli ezishaya inkomo ziyaqiniseka ukuthi ngumbala obomvu oholela inkunzi lapho kulaka olungalawuleki futhi akukho okungabakholisa ngalokhu - nayi amasiko. Kepha yonke i-torero iyazi ukuthi izinkabi ngemvelo ziyimpumputhe yemibala futhi azikwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala, kanti i-mulete ebomvu imane iyisiko lesiko futhi indlela yokuheha ukunaka kwezindawo ezijabule kulo mbukiso omangalisayo.

Isimo se-mammali sinezinhlobo ezimbili zama-photoreceptors - Izigaxa, ezikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise imibala, nezinduku, ezikuvumela ukuba ubone ubukhulu nobume bezinto. Ebantwini nakuma-primates, inani lama-cones ku-retina likhulu kakhulu, elibavumela ukuthi bahlukanise imibala. Kepha imibala empilweni yabangathululi ayinandaba kangako, futhi Imvelo yoMama yanciphisa amehlo alezi zilwane, njengento engadingekile kubo, inani lezigaxa ezibavumela ukuba bahlukanise imibala.

Kungani inkunzi esenkingeni yenkunzi igijimela konke ngemuva kokuqhamuka obomvu? Into yokuthi uma kubulawa izinkabi, izinkunzi ezikhethekile zohlobo lwe-El Toro-Bravo (ezihunyushwe ngokuthi “inkabi enesibindi”) zikhuliswa, ezinolaka ikakhulukazi, zinolaka, ziyiselula, kodwa hhayi ngobuhlakani obukhethekile, ubuwula futhi ngenxa yalokho ezingabikezelwa kudizayini enobuso. baluleke kakhulu.

Futhi nakhu kufika umvuthwandaba - enkundleni yemidlalo i-matador ehlakaniphile ihola umdlalo wokugcina obulalayo ngenkunzi ethukuthele ngosizo lomnyuzi obomvu, okuthi ngokunyakaza kwakhe kulethe inkunzi intukuthelo engachazeki. Isibukeli siyashuba, sibuka konke ukunyakaza kwesikebhe esibomvu, okubonakala ngisho emigqeni yokugcina yehholo lezemidlalo. Ukufiphazwa kwento ebomvu nokufutheka kwesilwane kuholele isibukeli enjabulweni engachazeki - banxanela ukufikelwa umvuthwandaba wesenzo, isibukeli silindele igazi elizochitheka!

Umbala obomvu wento ku-mulet umane nje uyiphutha eliholela esixukwini sababukeli ekuzijabuliseni okunjalo, okwenza umbukwane ucace futhi ungakholeki. Futhi inkunzi ayinandaba ukuthi i-mulelet izoba umbala muni - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, ophuzi noma omhlophe - akasayihlukanisi imibala, kepha ukuphela kokuhamba kwendaba kanye nokuhhewula kokwehla kwezitimela, kudakwe umbono wombukiso wamagazi.

Bonke ababukeli, abanomoya omnandi, babona indawo ebulalayo eyingozi yamandla amabili angokomfanekiso - ubumnyama nokukhanya, lapho umuntu ekwazi ukugwema ukushaya kwenqola ngosizo lomuthi obomvu okhanyayo (indwangu ebekwe phezu kwenduku) ethukuthelisa inkunzi futhi efihle isilayidi le-matador, futhi umvuthwandaba obophezelekile kuzoba ukunqoba kwe-torero ebabazekayo nokufa kwenkunzi.

Izilaleli ezishaya inkomo ziyaqiniseka ukuthi ngumbala obomvu oholela inkunzi lapho kulaka olungalawuleki futhi akukho okungabakholisa ngalokhu - nayi amasiko.Kepha yonke i-torero iyazi ukuthi izinkabi ngemvelo ziyimpumputhe yemibala futhi azikwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala, kanti i-mulete ebomvu imane iyisiko lesiko futhi indlela yokuheha ukunaka kwezindawo ezijabule kulo mbukiso omangalisayo.

Kungani izinkabi zingathandi okubomvu?

Isifiso, imizwa, ukunqoba komuntu phezu kolaka lwesilwane esinolaka futhi olungalawuleki - lokhu kuyincazelo enembile kakhulu futhi ebonakalayo yophawu lukazwelonke lwaseSpain - ukubulawa kwezinkabi. Kepha lokhu akuphathelene naleli holide manje, kodwa mayelana nezinkunzi nokuhlobana kwazo nombala obomvu nemithunzi yawo.

Wonke umuntu uyakhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi somncintiswano nenkunzi ezandleni zematador kukhona ingubo (umlet), othungelwe ngokuqondile ngendwangu ebomvu ebomvu.

Ngesikhathi somncintiswano phakathi kwendoda nenkunzi esolisayo, i-matador idonsa ngamandla umnyuzi ngesilwane, okuyinto ngokwemvelo engayithandi kakhulu. Kulokhu, inkunzi ihlangana - ihlasela i-matador, izama ukumbamba kanye nezinye izenzo ezifakazela ukuthi impela kayithandi indwangu yezenzo nezenzo zomuntu ezandleni zakhe. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukucabanga ukuthi akuyona imibala engathandeki yesilwane, kepha ukuhlaselwa okucasulayo kwe-matador, okungukuthi, uma uthatha ijazi lombala ohlukile, ukusabela kuzofana.

Ngokuphathelene ne-mulet, okungukuthi, ingubo kanye nombala wayo wendabuko, ubudlelwano obukhethekile buye baba nentuthuko selokhu kwathandwa umbukwane onemibala nonya. Umbala obomvu wamaSpain ngukuthakazelwa ngumphakathi, ukunqoba kwamandla omunye wababambe iqhaza emzabalazweni enkundleni yezemidlalo, kepha onobuhlobo obuqondile nenkunzi.

Ingubo ebomvu ikhethiwe njengemfanelo hhayi kuphela ngenxa yencazelo yayo, kodwa futhi iphuma endaweni ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Okungeke kube yiminxa ebonakalayo yomzabalazo. Ngenxa yalolu phawu, wonke umuntu, hhayi amaSpain kuphela, abenomqondo ongapheli wokuthi izinkabi, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, "azinandaba" ngombala obomvu, kepha kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi yiziphi izizathu zalokhu.

Ngabe izinkunzi zibona kanjani?

Abaningi basasebenzisa Silulumagama sabo ibinzana elithi “ungazami usize phambi kwami njengegwala elibomvu phambi kwenkunzi” noma okuthile okunjalo. Lesi sisho sekuyisikhathi eside saziwa futhi siqondakala ngokoqobo, yize lokhu akulungile.

Uma sibheka umbuzo wokubona ngezimbali izinkomo ngokombono wososayensi nabasekeli bencazelo yesayensi yemiqondo esezingeni eliphansi, khona-ke singasho okulandelayo:

Ukuthi izinkunzi azihlukanisi imibala (ngokujwayelekile, zonke izinkomo),
Ama -ulls awaziboni izinto ezikude nabo (okungukuthi, ahlushwa yi-myopia),
Umbala obonakala kakhulu nowehlukanisa izinkunzi (zazo zonke izinkomo) umhlophe.

Njengoba umhlaba ubona izinkunzi (cishe) nabantu

Into esemqoka ngenkunzi akuyona umbala, okungukuthi iqiniso lokuba khona komcasulayo. Futhi ukuze kufakazelwe amacala abo, ososayensi benza ucwaningo oluhehayo. Ukwenza lokhu kubukelwe, kwamenywa amavolontiya amabili ayegqoke izingubo ezibomvu nezimnyama. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka lo msebenzi, ivolontiya ebelibomvu lalingashukumi, futhi umuntu owayegqoke isudi emnyama wayehlala ehamba. Akunzima ukucabanga ukuthi inkunzi ihlasele ngokuqondile umuntu omshukumisayo futhi omcasulayo. Indoda ebomvu, ngokulandelana, yahlala ingalimazi, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ayizange ibonwe yisilwane.

Kungani-ke usebenzise umbala obomvu?

Umbala obomvu we-canvas ubuqili obukhohlisayo obukwazi ukukhohlisa abantu abaningi. Unika ukuzijabulisa okukhulu ekusebenzeni. Vuma, konke bekungeke kubonakale kukhanye futhi kujabulise, uma i-rag imhlophe, iluhlaza noma iphuzi . Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbala obomvu udonsela ukunaka kwababukeli ngokwengeziwe, uzibeke engcupheni yokuchithwa kwegazi. Ngakho-ke ababukeli bakhathazeke kakhulu nge-bullfighter nokuningi okujabulisayo futhi bayamangala lapho ephinda futhi ekwazi ukunqoba inkunzi evuthayo.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi inkunzi ayinakucasulwa ngumbala obomvu, futhi uyaphuma kuphela ekuqhubekeni kwenduku ezandleni zenkosi yezandla zayo. Ngiyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibinolwazi futhi iyathakazelisa, futhi uthola imfumbe eyodwa engaqondakali ngaphansi!

Konke mayelana nenkunzi

Inkunzi isilwane esikhulu esinezimpondo, simelele ngaphansi kwe-bovine artiodactyls. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahluka kweminye imindeni engezansi ngosayizi nomzimba omkhulu.

Inkunzi inde kunenkomo, ngoba isisindo esidala somuntu omdala singama-60-70% ngaphezulu, inhloko iyabukeka, nentamo ikhulu. Amahlombe ezinkunzi azungezwe ngaphezulu, isifuba sibanzi. Amantombazane amancane afinyelela ebusheni ngokwesilinganiso ezinyangeni eziyi-7 zokuphila.

Inkunzi enkulu

Idlozi lezinkomo ezifuywayo kwakuyinkunzi yasendle, ikakhulukazi, imininingwane engaphansi kwayo inyamalala endle - ukuvakasha (nayo inkunzi endala). Uhambo lwasendle nolwekhaya lokuqala lwalusetshenziselwa inyama kuphela, kepha ngokuya kokuncika kwabantu kwezolimo, kwaqala ukusetshenziswa kakhulu njengezabasebenzi: ngoba izinkathi eziningi zokuvakasha zaziyizilwane eziphambili ezazihlanganisiwe futhi zihlala zinjalo emazweni amaningi oMhlaba Wesithathu kuze kube namuhla.

Inkunzi yasekhaya

Inkunzi efuywayo yizihlobo ezifuywayo zenkomo yasendle ebelekwe ukukhiqiza inyama nesikhumba. Abesilisa balezinhlobo babizwa ngokuthi izinkunzi, abesilisa abasakazwayo babizwa ngokuthi izinkabi.

Isingenisi sezinkunzi (noma inkunzi ezaliswayo, futhi engumkhiqizi wesilisa) inani eliyinhloko lokufuya imfuyo, njengoba isetshenziswa ekuzaleni ukuthola inzalo enamanzi ngokuzalanisa ngokwemvelo noma ngokufakwa ngaphakathi. Abakhiqizi besilisa abakhethwe ngokungeyikho (abanamandla aphansi, ukwahlukaniswa okukhulu kwezinhlamvu) banganciphisa kakhulu izimfanelo zokukhiqiza zezinzalo, noma ngabe kusetshenziswa omama abavelele.

Ukuzala kwezinkunzi

Zonke izinhlobo zezinkunzi, ngokuya ngesimo somnotho, zihlukaniswe ngesimo saba ngamagatsha amathathu:

Izinhlobo zobisi. Abantu balesi siqondisi bavunyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yobisi. Ngenxa yomzimba wabo ongajwayelekile, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yenkomo ekukhiqizeni kuba yize kungenanzuzo, noma kunjalo, bahlukaniswa ngesimo sabo esihle nokuziphatha okulinganiselayo.
Izinhlobo zenyama zishiyana ngobukhulu obukhulu. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo zobisi, izinqubo zomzimba zezinhlobo zenyama kuhloswe ngazo ukukhulisa izicubu zomzimba ngaphansi kwezimo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Izinkomo ezinjalo zinobisi olwanele ukondla amathole kuphela.
Kuhlanganiswe, okungukuthi, izinhlobo zohlobo lomhlaba wonke zibonisa ukuthi zihlanganisa ikhwalithi yazo zombili izinkomba.

Qaphela! Namuhla, inyama yenkomo ibaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kokudla, maqondana nalokho ukuzalaniswa kwezinkunzi zenkomo kubaluleke kakhulu. Inyama yabo iphansi emafutheni nase-cholesterol, ngakho-ke ilungele impilo.

Emhlabeni kunezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kuka-1000 ezingenasici, kanye nezindlela ezingabalelwa ku-30 ezihlanganisiwe. Lokhu kwehluka kuchazwa ukwabiwa kabanzi kwezinkomo nokubaluleka kwazo ekhethekile kwezolimo. Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zendabuko, izinhlobo ezixakile nezingavamile ziyahlukaniswa okungekho lula kangako ukubona epulazini elivamile.

Takin

I-Takin (lat. Budorcas taxicolor) yinkunzi eyi-butane, isilwane esiyivelakancane esibukeka njengembuzi enkulu. Ukuphakama kwesilwane lapho kubuna cishe nge-100 cm, ubude bomzimba buyi-120-150 cm, isisindo somzimba sifinyelela kuma-300 kg. UTakin unomlomo omkhulu namehlo, kepha izindlebe ezincane. Imbozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu segolide esimnyama size esiswini esingezansi. Izimpondo zezinsikazi nezensikazi zifana nezimpondo zezinyathi.

Inkunzi emnyama

Aberdeen Angus inkunzi (Eng. Aberdeen Angus) - uhlobo oluvela eScotland. Izici ezihlukile zemidlalo emnyama ye-Black Angus yi-kolovost nehembe elimnyama. Ama-aberdins abo adluliselwa ezizalweni noma lapho ewela nabantu bezinye izinhlobo.

Lezi zinkomo ezincane zivama ukufinyelela kuma-cm cm lapho zibuna.Ikhumba lazo lixegisiwe futhi mncane. I-skeleton yezilwane mncane futhi yenza i-15-18% yesisindo sesidumbu.

I-Zebu (lat. Bos taurus inkomba) kuyindlela engafani nokujwayelekile yenkabi yasendle ene-hump ebizwayo. Lokhu kukhiqizwa kwama-musipha kusebenza njengohlobo “lwesitolo” sezakhi zomzimba futhi kudlala indima enkulu empilweni yesilwane.

Isisindo se-zebu esikhulile sifinyelela ku-300-350 kg. Izimfanelo zenyama ezanelisayo, kanye nokuqukethwe okunamafutha aphezulu obisi nokukhuthazela kwenza ukuthi izinkabi ze-humpback zibe ngenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zezinkomo ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo.

Musk inkabi

Inqama le-musk, noma i-musk ox (lat.Ovibos moschatus) isilwanyana esikhulu esinezimbuzi esinekhanda elikhulu nentamo emfushane. Izinkabi zeMusk zimbozwe ngezinwele ezinde ngokungalingani futhi zinezimpondo eziyindilinga ezinesisekelo esikhulu ebunzini.

Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuphakama kokubuna kwenkabi yabantu abadala yemaski kuyinto 135 cm, futhi isisindo siyehluka kusuka ku-260 kuya ku-650 kg.

Bull haur

UGaur (lat. Bos gaurus), noma inyathi yaseNdiya - ummeleli omkhulu wohlobo lwezinkunzi zangempela, ezazalwa eNdiya.

Ubude bomzimba we-gaura yabantu abadala bufinyelela kumaphakathi we-3 m, ukuphakama - amamitha ama-2. Le nkunzi evela eNdiya inesisindo kusuka ku-600 kuya ku-1500 kg. Izimpondo zikaGaura zigobile futhi zifana namasekhethi ekwakhekeni, umbala wejazi umdaka, usondela kumnyama.

Uhlobo lwenkabi uGaura olufuywe ekhaya nguGuyal.

Watussi inkunzi

I-Watussi (eyazalwa i-Ankole-Watusi) yinkunzi yase-Afrika ebukeka kakhulu. Isici esibonakalayo salezinhlobo ziyizimpondo ezinobukhulu obukhulu (kufika ku-1,8 m ububanzi), ezisebenza njengohlobo lwesimo sesilwane. Zingenwa yimithambo yegazi futhi zilawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba ekushiseni okwedlulele.

Ama-watussi athathwa njengezinkunzi ezingcwele phakathi kwezizwe zase-Afrika, futhi kuphela abamele abaqavile nonkosikazi wabaholi abangaba nezabo. Lezi zinkunzi zikhuliswa ngokuyinhloko inyama.

Qaphela! Isisindo sezinkunzi ezindala sifinyelela ku-600-730 kg.

Inkunzi yaseTibetan

Inkunzi yaseTibetan, futhi eyi-yak (yesiLatini: iBos mutus) noma i-sarlik, iyisilwane esinezilwane zasolwandle esinezintambo ezintabeni zaseTibetan. Lolu hlobo kunzima ukuluxubha nolunye ngenxa yokubukeka kwalo olungalibaleki. Lesi yisilwane esikhulu, esinezinwele ezinde esinomgogodla emuva nezimpondo ezinde ezigogekile. Ukuphakama kwabantu abadala lapho kubuna kufinyelela ku-2 m, isisindo - 1000 kg. Isici esihlukile sama-yaks kunemilenze emifushane ene-torso ende.

Inkunzi yaseMelika

Inyathi (ngesiLatini: Inyathi), noma inyathi yaseMelika, iyisilwane esikhulu, esikhulu kakhulu esinoboya obudaka obukhulu. Ikhanda likhulu, libanzi ubuso. Imikhawulo yezimpondo isongwe ngaphakathi.

Ngemuva komzimba wenkunzi yaseMelika akuthuthukisiwe njengangaphambili. Umuntu mdala mde 2 m futhi 3 m ubude

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izinkunzi bezithatha indawo ebalulekile empilweni yomuntu, noma kunjalo, yize kukhona "umakhelwane" osondelene kangaka, kunezinganekwane eziningi okuthiwa "zamanga" ngalezi zilwane, futhi ezinye izici zokuqukethwe kwazo azicaci kwabaningi.

Kungani izinkunzi ziphenduka zibomvu

Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi kunenkabi, inkunzi ihlasela ingubo ebomvu ye-matador ngoba icasulwa umbala obomvu. Lokhu akuyona into edlula inganekwane, ngoba izinkunzi nezinkomo azihlukanisi imibala kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababoni umbala obomvu nhlobo. Isilwane sicasule esinye - ukunyakaza.

Izinkonjana zinombono ongatheni, ngakho-ke ukufiphazwa kwendaba kubonwa njengosongo, noma kunjalo, umbala obomvu wokuxhapha izinkomo awuzange ukhethwe ngengozi.Yenzelwe ukwehlisa umoya, hhayi ukucaphukisa, kepha hhayi inkunzi, kodwa izilaleli. Igazi lesilwane alibonakali kangako endwangu ebomvu, yingakho ukubulawa kwalo kutholakala kuthule kakhudlwana.

Ngabe izinkunzi ziyakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala

Ubumpumputhe bemibala (futhi obumpumputhe bemibala) buyisici esiyindlalifa sombono wabantu nezinsikazi, okuvezwa ngokungakwazi ukwahlukanisa yonke imibala noma imibala ethile, kepha ikakhulukazi abantu abangakwazi ukubona umbala obomvu babizwa ngokuthi izimpumputhe zombala. Kulokhu, kunzima ukunikeza impendulo engenakuphikiswa embuzweni wokuthi izinkunzi ziyimpumputhe yombala yini.

Iqiniso ngukuthi ezinkomeni nasezinkomeni kukhona ama-receptor amabili kuphela emehlweni, hhayi amathathu, njengasebantwini, futhi impela izilwane eziningi zihlukanisa kuphela ukubala kwemibala okubalulekile empilweni yabo. Kubo, lokhu kuyisici sombono, ngenkathi kubantu, umkhawulo wokuqashelwa kombala uyisifo. Ngenkathi abantu behlukanisa phakathi kwemibala ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo okuhlukahlukene, izinkomo zizwela kakhulu imibala ephuzi-eluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi yize izinkunzi zingahlukanisi amathoni abomvu, lokhu akubenzi umbala ungaboni.

Umbala ogqamile nobomvu

Kungani ngidinga indandatho yekhala ekhaleni?

Epulazini, izinkunzi zivame ukugcinwa ngendandatho yasekhaleni. Isizathu silula - lezi yizilwane ezinkulu, eziqinile okunzima ukuzilawula, kepha kukhona amaphuzu emzimbeni wezilwane ezinobunzima obukhulu bokuzwa. Lezi izindlebe, amehlo nekhala. Yingakho imvamisa ye-septum ephakathi kwamakhala wesilwane isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa indandatho, ngosizo lwayo isilwane esincinayo sigcinwa "sibheke" ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.

IGibhithe lasendulo

AbaseGibhithe lasendulo babehlonipha izinkunzi njengezilwane ezingcwele. Ikakhulu, inkunzi yaseGibhithe u-Apis (noma uHapis) oqhamuka ezinganekwaneni zasendulo zaseGibhithe, yaze yanikela nakunkulunkulu u-Osiris noPtah, yaze yaba nethempeli layo eMemphis.

Kuqala, u-Apis wayethathwa njengengxenye yengxenye yomphefumlo kaPtah, ingcwele yomuzi wedolobha laseMemphis, futhi wasebenza njengophawu lwamandla okaFarao. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi u-Apis wayekhona emzimbeni wenkunzi ejwayelekile ehlala ethempelini, futhi ngokufa kwakhe wathola isidumbu esisha.

Lapho kufa umzimba wangaphambilini kuka-Apis, abapristi basePta baqala ukufuna "isitsha" esisha somphefumlo kankulunkulu wabo. Lapho nje kutholakala isilwane esisha, sasondliwa inyanga, ngemuva kwalokho sayiswa ethempelini.

Ukuzalela nokugcina ama-yak ekhaya

Ama-yaks asendlini afakwa ikakhulu inyama noboya, ngoba isilinganiso sobisi sonyaka salolu hlobo alunalutho - cishe amalitha angama-500 ngonyaka, hhayi ngaphezulu, kepha ubisi lunamafutha kakhulu. Inyama ayineme futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni amasosi nokudla okusemathinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe i-3 kg yoboya kungatholakala kumuntu ngamunye omdala ngonyaka owodwa.

Indawo yokukhosela yak yakhiwa uthango olulula olwakhiwe ngezakhi zensimbi, ukuphakama kwalo kungwedluli kumamitha ayi-2. Kwakhiwa ikhiyamu encane ngaphakathi kwendawo yokukhosela, lapho izilwane zingavikela khona emvuleni.

Kubalulekile! Ama-Yaks ayizilwane ezingahlangani. Lesi sici sikhanya ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi ungabaphazamisi ngalesi sikhathi.

Ama-Yaks angawelwa nezinkomo ezifuywayo, ngenkathi ama-nzalo aphumela lapho, ama-haynaks, efanelekile hhayi njengezilwane ezisalungiswa, abonakala ngokuzala okuhle futhi akhiqize amathani afinyelela ku-3.5 ubisi ngonyaka.

Lapho ukhetha inkunzi ngenhla yefa labo, ochwepheshe batusa ukunaka lezi zici ezilandelayo zesilwane:

Kubalulekile! Ukuze ungachithi isikhathi esiningi unakekela izilwane ekhaya, kunconyelwa ukuthenga izilwane ezincane ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli ukuze zikwazi ukudliwa ngokushesha.

Ibhizinisi lokukhulisa amathole enyama lingaletha inzuzo enkulu, uma ungazi nje kuphela izinhlaka zokubala: isivuno sobisi, isivuno senyama, njll, kodwa futhi nezici ezithile zohlobo lohlobo lokuqukethwe nokuqukethwe kwalo. Kubalulekile futhi ukunaka ukubukeka kwezilwane lapho uthenga. Futhi-ke umlimi ngeke asha!

Wonke umuntu uyayazi inkulumo ethi "ubukeka njengezinkunzi kudwayimane obomvu." Kuze kube muva nje, abantu bebekholwa ukuthi basebenzisa imibala enjalo ekubulaleni inkunzi ngoba ibanga umsindo kuma-artiodactyls. Kungani inkunzi isabela ebomvu kuphela, hhayi komunye? Eqinisweni, amehlo abo awaboni umthamo wama-shades atholakala kulensi yomuntu. AmaBulls awaqondi ukuthi abona bomvu.

Okuncane kwesizinda se-bullish

Ama-Artiodactyls ake abukeka ehlukile:

Kwabanye, isisindo sifinyelele 1 ton.
Kwakunezimpondo ezengeziwe.
Isikhumba siqinile, akungeneka.

Izimfanelo ezinjalo zibalulekile endle, zisiza ukuvikela kwabazingeli. Izinkunzi zanamuhla zizitholile lezi zakhiwo, ama-herbivores asheshe abe nomsindo. Isidingo sokulwela ukudla sakha umuzwa wokuncintisana nokushayisana.

Kungani inkunzi ngenkunzi yenkabi isabela obomvu? Izazi ze-zoologists zikwazile ukubona ukungaqondani, izinkomo azihlukanisi umbala obonakalayo. Kungani amanxusa esebenzisa ingubo ebomvu? Iningi lazo linensangu epinki ezenza ngayo izinkunzi ziphendule. Lesi yisembatho sendabuko esingahambisani nezimpawu zengqondo zohambo. Imidlalo ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-artiodactyls ibilokhu yenziwa iminyaka engamakhulu ambalwa, ngalesi sikhathi ubudlelwane obukhohlisayo babomvu nezinkunzi busabalale kubantu.

Izinkabi zezindondo ezinendondo ziyadelelwa, zizama ukuthukuthela, ngoba lokhu kuhlatshwa ngemuva ngamapheya ngamathiphu abukhali, izilwane zopha igazi, zivikela impilo yazo. Umbala obomvu wenkunzi embi awunandaba.

Ukusetshenziswa kobudlova ngezinjongo zokulwa

Imvelo enolaka yezinyawo ezine yayivame ukusetshenziswa yizinsizwa ukudlala ngengozi. Ukuzingela kudinga isibindi, ubuhlakani, ukuzinza kwengqondo. Abathandi bokuphonsa amehlo abazifihli emahlahleni, balwe nezinkunzi ubuso nobuso, bakhulise ikhono lalowo obulala inkunzi. Uma esevalelwe nendoda enophondo endandeni, umuntu usengozini, kuzofanela abambe iqhaza empini engaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu noma ekufeni.

Uma izinkunzi zingahlukanisi imibala, kungani sidinga leli rag ku-bullfight? I-matador ifihla ngemuva kwayo, idingida isilwane, igagule inhlanga, ime inganyakazi, inkunzi ihlasela. Isilwane asihlukanisi okuphambi kwaso, endaweni yokufutheka yonke into enyakazayo iyahlaselwa. Uma ume, ungahambi, inkunzi ngeke ihlasele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezingeni lezakhi zofuzo ubhekana nezihlahla, eqaphela ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma eshaya isiqu sakhe ngekhanda ngenkathi egijima.

Inkomba eshukumisayo ibonwa njengento yokuhlukumeza, yona uqobo isebenza phezulu, ilimaze isilwane. Ngemuva kwegagasi eliyigagasi elibomvu, elilodwa elinophondo lihlasela, inkunzi entsha iyanyakaza. Ungakuqonda lokhu uma ubheka ngokucophelela isenzo sakhe ku-bullfighting. Abantu bajabulela umbono othokozisayo, iqhawe elinesibindi lodwa lilwa nesilwane esinamandla, esiyingozi futhi simnqobele.

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