Isimo sezulu se-Arctic sibi impela. Izikhukhula zeqhwa, imimoya ebandayo enamandla, inkungu nobumnyama konke kuyingxenye yalesi sifunda sasenyakatho. Naphezu kwalokhu, izilwane zase-Arctic zifunde ukusinda nokuvikela insimu yazo kulomhlaba onamakhaza.

Isimo lapha sigcinwe ngesimo saso sokuqala, kepha-ke, ukuncibilika okuqhubekayo kweqhwa, ukukhiqizwa kawoyela kanye nokuzingela kungaholela ekutheni izinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezihlala kulelo ekhoneni loMhlaba zizonyamalala unomphela.

I-Herbivores

Izikhala ezinkulu zasenyakatho zakha abameli abaningi bezilwane endaweni yabo. Futhi akukhathalekile ukuthi kuzwakala kangakanani, kepha eMhlabeni obandayo bahlala abamele bezilwane ezinamanzi. Zonke izinsuku baqala ngokufuna ukudla. Ukunyakaza okungapheli kuphela lapho ukunqotshwa kwemvelo kunganqotshwa.

I-Arctic hare

Le ndondo iyisilwane esimangalisayo. Phambilini, bekuhlotshaniswa nokubhalwe phansi kwe-hare, kepha namuhla kuphuma njengohlobo oluhlukile. Inezindlebe ezimfishane, ngaleyo ndlela inciphisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa. Uboya buphakeme futhi bukhulu kakhulu, futhi obusindisa isilwane ekubandeni obukhulu. Umsila ungama-5 cm kuphela, kepha imilenze yangemuva yinde futhi inamandla, okumvumela ukuthi adlule ekudonselweni kweqhwa ngokujulile.

I-Lemming

Le rodent ayihlukile kakhulu ngokubukeka kusuka ku-hamster ejwayelekile. Isilwane esincane ngobude sifinyelela ku-8-15 cm kuphela futhi sinesisindo esingama-70-80 g.Izindlebe ezincane zifihla ngaphansi koboya, okuthi kwezinye izinkampani ziba mhlophe ebusika. Lokhu kufihla kusiza ukufihla izisulu eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, kubamele abaningi, uboya bumpunga ngokuphelele noma bumsundu. I-Rodent itholakala lapho kukhona khona izimila. Ivumelane kahle nesimo sezulu esinzima. I-lemming idla amahlumela amasha, ama-moss, imbewu ehlukahlukene namajikijolo. Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka eyi-2 kuphela.

Reindeer

Isilwane esinomusa esifaka izimpondo ezihlotshisiwe ekhanda saso futhi sinejazi elifudumele futhi elimnyama. Ivumelaniswe ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu esinzima sase-Arctic. I-Reindeer idla nge-moss reindeer moss. Inesisindo esingama-200 kg futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.5. Akahlali nje esifundeni sonke, kepha uhlala neziqhingi eziseduzane. Imifino itholakala ngokusebenzisa izinselo ezibanzi.

Musk inkabi

Isilwane esikhulu futhi esinamandla. Inkabi ye-musk ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5 ukuphakama, futhi inesisindo esifinyelela ku-650 kg. Lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo zinejazi eliminyene nelide eligcina ukushisa futhi zivikele emimoyeni enamandla esimweni sezulu esibi kangaka sesifunda seplanethi yethu. Bahlala emihlambi emikhulu yezinjongo ezingama-20-30. Ngakho-ke zivikelekile kubazingeli. Zidla ngama-moss, izimpande zezihlahla, i-lichen, utshani nezimbali. Izinselo eziyindilinga zikusiza ukuba uhambe ngokukhululekile eqhweni nasemadwaleni, futhi ukhiphe izingqimba zeqhwa ukusesha uhlaza.

Inqama yeqhwa

Ibizwa nangokuthi obhejane noma i-chubuk. Lesi isilwane esihle se-artiodactyl esinama-antlers amahle ekhanda laso. Izimvu ezishunqayo ziyahamba kancane futhi sinokuthula. Iyasebenza phakathi nosuku, kepha ingasesha ukudla ebusuku. Ihlala ezintabeni ngamaqembu ezilwane ezingama-20-30. Idla ngokudla okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umhlwa, izimpande zezihlahla, izinaliti, utshani obomile nezinye izitshalo, okumba kuzoba ngaphansi kweqhwa ngamahloka anamandla.

Izilwane ezincelisayo ezingama-Arctic

Izilwane ezidla izambane likapondo e-Arctic zingabazingeli abonakele abanesifiso sokudla esihle abangahlasela imfuyo, ngisho nabantu. Isibalo sabantu abasebukhosini be-Arctic, ngokuyinhloko, sincike kwinani lemmings, okuyizinto ezidla ubhedu kwezimpungushe ezingama-arctic, ama-wolverines, izimpisi eziqinile, kwezinye izimo hlaba.

I-Arctic fox

Ungowomndeni we-canine. Lesi sidlakela esihle saziwa ngengubo yaso yoboya be-chic kude kakhulu kune-Arctic. Lesi yisilwane esincane esibalelwa ku-30 ​​cm ubude nesisindo esingama-50 kg. Umhlaseli ugijima ngokushesha futhi uhlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela kwaso. Imvamisa zigcinwa eduze kwamabhere polar ngesikhathi sokuzingela nokudla okusele kuwo. Isilwane sitholakala kuwo wonke umhlaba onamanzi. Bangabazali abahle. Lapho nje insikazi ikhulelwa, insikazi iqala ukuzingela ezimbili, ilethe inyamazane kuze kube yilapho izelwe imbala.

Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa

Isidlakudla esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esesabekayo esihlala emhlabeni walesi sifunda seqhwa. Ngobude, isilwane singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5,3, nesisindo size sifike ku-500 kg. Isikhumba sebhere simnyama, sicishe saba mnyama. Uboya bumhlophe qhwa yiqhwa, kepha ehlobo ngaphansi kwelanga lingambozwa ngezindawo eziphuzi. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba kukhona ungqimba lwamafutha. Isilo sifanekiselwa ngokukhuthazela nokubekezela ekukhishweni kokudla.

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, laba bantu abamele umhlaba wezilwane baba ngabazingeli abanonya, yize bezalwa beyisithulu futhi beyimpumputhe. Isisindo sempisi endala yi-70-80 kg. Izimpisi zidla izisulu zazo ziphila, ngoba azikwazi ukubabulala masinyane ngenxa yokwakheka kwamazinyo abo. Lesi sidlo sangemikhuba emibi futhi singadla noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla. Isonto lingaphila ngaphandle kokudla.

I-arctic fox ejwayelekile

I-Arctic fox inezici ezithile ezivumela ukuba ihlale ezimeni ezinzima ze-Arctic. Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu uboya bayo, obuguqula umbala usuka ku-brown (umbala wehlobo) uye ube mhlophe (umbala webusika). Ijazi loboya obude linikeza i-fox isifihlakali esihle nokuvikelwa okuhle emakhazeni.

Omama

Ukugqagqeka okukhulu kwe-Arctic enzima kubonakaliswa ugwadule oluneqhwa, imimoya ebandayo kakhulu ne-permafrost. Izinga lezimvula ezindaweni ezinjalo liyivelakancane, futhi ukukhanya kwelanga kungenzeka kungangeni ebumnyameni bobusuku be-polar izinyanga eziningana. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezikhona kulezi zimo ziyaphoqeleka ukuba zichithe isikhathi esinzima ebusika phakathi kweqhwa nokushisa eqhweni elibandayo.

Polar Wolf

Lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezidla ama-Arctic ezihlala ezifundeni ezibandayo kakhulu zasenyakatho yeCanada nakwezinye izindawo ezise-Arctic. Impisi ewumbala iyindlela engaphansi yokuhlunga eyimpunga; yincane ngosayizi kunempisi yasenyakatho nentshonalanga - enye indawo engaphansi kwempisi.

Njengoba impisi etholakala ezindaweni ezibandayo zitholakala e-Arctic, yona, ngokungafani nezinye izingqangi, ivezelwa ukuqothulwa ngabantu.

I-Arctic fox, noma i-fox fox

Abamele abancane bezinhlobo zezimpungushe (i-Alopex lagopus) kudala bahlala e-Arctic. Izimbangi ezivela emndenini weCanidae zifana ne-fox ngokubukeka. Isilinganiso somzimba wesilwane esidala siyahluka phakathi kuka-50-75 cm, sibe nomsila ubude obungama-25-30 cm nokuphakama lapho kubuna amasentimitha angama-20-30. Isisindo somzimba sowesilisa ovuthiwe ngocansi cishe singama-3,3-3,5 kg, kepha isisindo somuntu othile sifinyelela 9.0 kg Abesifazane bancane kakhulu. I-foctic fox inomzimba we-squat, isicubu esifushane kanye nezindlebe eziyindilinga eziphuma kancane ebusheni, obuvimba i-frostbite.

Izimpondo zokhozi

Ukhozi oluphawu uphawu lwesizwe lwaseMelika. Indawo ehlala kuyo ifinyelela kude kakhulu kwe-Arctic. Ungahlangana nale nyoni enhle kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika - kusuka eCanada kuya eMexico. U-Orlan ubizwa ngokuthi ikhanda-mpandla ngenxa yezimpaphe ezimhlophe ezikhula ekhanda lakhe. Lezi zinyoni zivame ukubamba izinhlanzi: diving phansi, zikhipha izinhlanzi emanzini ngamadolo azo.

I-Polar noma i-polar bear

Ibhere elinamakhaza, inyamazane yasenyakatho (i-Ursus maritimus) evela emndenini wakwaBear, iyisihlobo esiseduze sebhere elinsundu kanye nesitha esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ubude bomzimba wesilo bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-3,0 anesisindo esingafinyelela kwithani. Abesilisa abadala banesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-450-500 kg, kanti izinsikazi zincane kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwesilwane lapho kubuna kuvame ukuhluka phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-130-150. Abamele izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo bafaniswa ikhanda elicaba nentamo ende, futhi izinwele ezishintshashintshayo zingadlulisa imisebe ye-UV kuphela, enikeza ijazi lesandulelo sokufudumeza ukushisa kwezilwane.

Ingwe yolwandle

Abamele izinhlobo zezimpawu zamanzi zangempela (Hydrurga leptonyx) bakweleta igama labo elingajwayelekile esikhunjeni esibonakalayo sokuqala nokuziphatha okuxakile. Ingwe yolwandle inomzimba ogudlukile oyivumelayo ukuba ikhule ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu emanzini. Ikhanda lithambile, futhi izingaphambili zangaphambili ziphakeme, ukuze ukunyakaza kwenziwe ngemivimbo eqinile yokuvumelanisa. Ubude bomzimba wesilwane esidala ngamamitha ayi-3.0-4.0. Umzimba ongaphezulu unombala onsomi omnyama, kanti ophansi ubonakala ngombala omhlophe wesiliva. Kukhona amabala grey ezinhlangothini nasekhanda.

ICaribou / Reindeer

EYurophu, i-caribou yaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-reindeer. UDerer wazijwayela kahle isimo sezulu esibandayo saseNyakatho. Unemikhomo emikhulu ekhaleni lakhe esebenza ukufudumeza umoya weqhwa. Izinselo zesilwane ebusika ziba zincane futhi zibe nzima, okwenza kube lula ukuthi inyamazane lihambe eqhweni naseqhweni. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, ezinye izinkomo ezihlangene zihamba amabanga amade. Alikho elinye izwe elihlala izilwane ezincelisayo emhlabeni wethu elingakwazi lokhu.

U-Ermine

U-ermine ungowomndeni wamalwelidi. Igama elithi ermine kwesinye isikhathi lisetshenziselwa kuphela ukuchaza isilwane esikhunjeni sayo esimhlophe sobusika.

Ama-Ermines angabazingeli abanolaka abadla amanye amagundane. Imvamisa, bahlala ngisho emiseleni yezisulu zabo, esikhundleni sokumba imigodi yabo.

Ushaka wePolar

Oshaka bePolar bayizilwane ezingaqondakali. Lesi sithombe sithathwe yi-US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Oshaka basePolar bayimidondoshiya emangalisayo ehlala esifundeni sase-Arctic. Lesi sithombe sithathwe yi-US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi silwane.

Imvamisa, oshaka basemakhaza batholakala enyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean ngasogwini lweCanada naseGreenland. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zoshaka, zingasenyakatho kakhulu. Lezi zilwane zibhukuda kancane ngokwanele futhi zithanda ukubamba inyamazane yazo ngenkathi zilele. Futhi, oshaka abasahloniphi abakuhloniphi ukudla lokho okushiywe abanye abahlaseli ngemuva kokudla kwabo.

I-Weddell Seal

Ummeleli womndeni wezimpawu zamanzi zeqiniso (i-Leptonychotes weddellii) zingezona ezasakazeka kakhulu futhi ezinkulu kakhulu ezincelisayo ezidla inyama yomzimba. Ubudala obumaphakathi obungamamitha ayi-3.5. Isilwane sikwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi esingaba ihora, kanti uphawu luveza izinhlanzi ngesimo senhlanzi nama-cephalopods ngamamitha angama-750-800. Izimpawu zomshado ze-Weddell zivame ukuba nezinsimbi noma izinto eziphukile, ezichazwa ngokwenza kwabo imikhiqizo ekhethekile ngeqhwa elincane.

I-Harp seal

Ekuzalweni, imidlwane yehabhu yokusina inejazi loboya obphuzi. Uba mhlophe ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu. Njengoba isilwane sikhula, imibala yaso ithola umbala wesiliva. Izimpawu zehabhu zinobubanzi obukhulu bamafutha angaphansi agcina ukushisa kahle. Ama-seal seins asebenza njengohlobo lwabashintshi bokushisa: ehlobo ukushisa ngokweqile kuyasuswa ngabo, futhi ebusika umzimba uyafutheka ngenxa yokunyakaza kwamawele emanzini.

Wolverine

I-Predatory mamalia (i-Gulo gulo) ingeyomndeni ka-marten. Isilwane esikhulu impela esinosayizi waso emndenini siphansi kuphela kwe-otter yolwandle. Isisindo somuntu omdala singamakhilogremu ayi-11 kuya ku-19, kepha izinsikazi zingaphansi kwabesilisa. Ubude bomzimba buhluka phakathi kuka-70-86 cm, kube nomsila obude obungamasentimitha angama-18-23. Ukubonakala kwe-wolverine kungenzeka kakhulu kufana nebheji noma ibhere elinomzimba omfushane kanye nemilenze emincane, imilenze emifushane ne-arcuate back-curved back. Isici esibonakalayo somhlaseli ubukhona bezinzipho ezinkulu nezinegwegwe.

Izinyoni zasenyakatho

Abameli abaningi basenyakatho abanamazinyo amaningi bazizwa bekhululekile impela esimweni sezulu esibi nesesimweni sezulu. Ngenxa yobunjalo bezinto zayo zemvelo, izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kwekhulu ziyaqhubeka ziphila cishe e-permafrost. Umngcele oseningizimu we-Arctic uhlangana nendawo ye-tundra. Ehlobo elipholisayo, izigidi eziningana zezinyoni ezifudukayo ezihluke kakhulu futhi ezingenazindiza lapha.

Izinyoni zasolwandle

Abamele abaningi bohlobo lwenyoni (i-Larus) abaqhamuka emndenini wakwaGull, abaphili nje kuphela olwandle oluvulekile, kodwa futhi bahlala emanzini angaphakathi ezindaweni ezinokuhlalwa kuzo. Izinhlobo eziningi ziyisigaba sezinyoni ze-synanthropic. Imvamisa, inyoni enkulu noma ephakathi nendawo enamabala amhlophe noma ampunga, imvamisa inamabala amnyama endaweni yekhanda noma amaphiko ayo. Ezinye zezimpawu ezibalulekile zokuhlukanisa zifanekiselwa ngumlomo oqinile, ogobile kancane ekugcineni, futhi nezimpawu zokubhukuda ezakhiwe kahle emilenzeni.

I-goose emhlophe

Inyoni efudukayo ephakathi nendawo (i-Anser caerulescens) kusuka kuhlobo lwenyani (Anser) kanye nomndeni wamadada (Anatidae) ibonakala ikakhulu ngamapulangwe amhlophe. Umzimba womuntu omdala ungaba ngu-60-75 cm. Isisindo senyoni enjalo kuyaqabukela seqi ku-3.0 kg. Amaphiko we-goose amhlophe acishe abe ngu-14- 15cm cm. Umbala omnyama wenyoni enyakatho udla phambili kuphela endaweni yoqhwaku nasemaphethelweni amaphiko. Ama-paws kanye noqhwaku lwenduna anombala opinki. Imvamisa kubantu abadala, ibala lephuzi legolide liyabonakala.

Killer whale

Umkhomo wokubulala uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-killer whale. Le whale enamazinyo ingeyomndeni womhlengethwa. Umkhomo obulala unemibala egqamile kakhulu: umnyama emuva, isifuba esimhlophe nesisu. Kukhona namabala amhlophe eduze kwamehlo. Lezi zilwane zidla ezinye izakhamizi zasolwandle, ngoba zivame ukuhlangana ngamaqembu. I-Killer whales ihlala phezulu kwepiramidi lokudla, ku-vivo ayinazitha.

I-Whooper Swan

I -fowfowl enkulu (i-Cygnus cygnus) emndenini wamadada inomzimba omude nentamo ende, kanye nemilenze emifushane ebekwe emuva. Ku-plumage yenyoni kukhona inani elithile le-fluff. Uqhotho-ophuzi oluluthi unepipi elimnyama. I-plumage imhlophe. Ukukhula okuncane kubonakaliswa ngamapayipi ansundu-grey anendawo emnyama yekhanda. Ngokubukeka, abesilisa nabesifazane empeleni akukho mehluko ohlukile komunye komunye.

Abamele abanohlobo lwe-genus (Somateria) bangabomndeni wamadada. Izinyoni ezinjalo zihlangene namuhla ezinhlotsheni ezintathu zamadada amadada amakhulu amakhulu ahlala ikakhulu ezindaweni ezisogwini lwe-Arctic kanye ne-tundra. Zonke izinhlobo zezimpawu zenziwe ngesigaxa esenziwe ngesigaxa somlomo womlomo ngesigaxa esibanzi, esihlala kuyo yonke ingxenye engenhla yoqhwaku. Ezingxenyeni ezilandelanayo zoqhwaku kukhona i-notch ejulile embozwe nge-plumage. Le nyoni iza ogwini kuphela ukuze iphumule futhi iphinde izale.

I-guillemot ekhokhiswe ngamandla

U-Seabird (Uria lomvia) ovela emndenini ka-Alkidae (Alcidae) ungummeleli wohlobo oluphakathi nendawo. Le nyoni inesisindo sekhilogremu eyodwa nohhafu, futhi ngokubukeka kwayo ifana nama-guillemots athambile. Umehluko omkhulu umelelwa uqhwaku olunyakeme olunemishayo emhlophe, amapayipi amnyama ansundu ansundu engxenye engenhla kanye nokungabikho ngokuphelele kwesixwesi esimpunga ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Ama-guillemots akhokhiswe kakhulu, njengomthetho, akhulu kakhulu kunama-guillemots amancane.

I-Partridge

Ebusika, umgwaqo ungamapuleti amhlophe, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuqaphela eqhweni. Bathola ukudla ngaphansi kweqhwa, futhi ehlobo, lezi zinyoni zidla ikakhulukazi amajikijolo, imbewu kanye namahlumela aluhlaza wezitshalo. I-partridge inamagama amaningi endawo, njenge, ngokwesibonelo, "i-grouse emhlophe" noma "talovka", "alder".

I-Antarctic tern

Inyoni enyakatho (i-Sterna vittata) ingeyomndeni we-gull (uLaridae) kanye ne-oda Charadriiformes. I-Arctic Tern isuka minyaka yonke isuka e-Arctic iye e-Antarctic. Ummeli omncane onjengalolu hlobo olunemibala emisha yohlobo lweKrachki unomzimba obude obungamasentimitha angama-31 38. Umlomo wenyoni endala unombala omnyama obomvu noma omnyama ngombala. Ama-tern amadala abonakala ngamapulangwe amhlophe, futhi amachwane aboniswa izimpaphe ezimpunga. Endaweni yekhanda kukhona izimpaphe ezimnyama.

Ukuphela kwesiphelo (hatchet)

Imiphetho efile izinyoni ezimangalisayo, ziyakwazi ukundiza nokubhukuda.Izimpiko ezimfishane, njengamanzi ezinhlanzini, zisiza ukuba zihambe ngokushesha kwikholamu yamanzi. Ama-puffin anezimpaphe ezimnyama namhlophe nemilomo enemibala egqamile. Lezi zinyoni zakha amakoloni wonke ezindaweni ezigudle ugu. Ukusuka emadwaleni, ama-puffin angena emanzini, lapho afuna khona ukudla.

Isikhova esimhlophe noma esimnyama

Inyoni eyivelakancane (Bubo scandiacus, Nyctea scandiaca) kungokwesigaba se-oda elikhulu kakhulu elinamazipho ku-tundra. Izikhova ze-Polar zihlukaniswa yikhanda eliyindilinga kanye ne-iris ephuzi ekhanyayo. Izinsikazi ezindala zikhulu kunabesilisa abavuthiwe ngokocansi, kanti amaphiko ejwayelekile ale nyoni acishe abe ngu-142-166 cm. Abantu abadala baboniswa ngamanamba amhlophe anemoto emnyama eshintshashintshashintshayo, enikeza ukuzimela okuhle kakhulu ngemuva kwesithwathwa.

I-Arctic parridge

I-whiteridge enomlenze omhlophe (i-Lagopus lagopus) iyinyoni evela kwi-grouse engaphansi komhlaba nokuhleleka kwama-galliformes. Phakathi kwezinye izinkukhu eziningi, i-partridge emhlophe ehlukaniswa ubukhona be-dimorphism ethile yesikhathi sonyaka. Umbala wale nyoni uyehluka ngesimo sezulu. Amapayipi ebusika ale nyoni amhlophe, kukhona izimpaphe zomsila omnyama nezinyawo ezinemibala emnyama. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, intamo nekhanda labesilisa lithola umbala onsundu, kuqhathaniswa kakhulu nensimbi emhlophe yomzimba.

Umvundla

I-hare emhlophe imhlophe ebusika kuphela. Ehlobo, isikhumba sakhe sinsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, imilenze yakhe yangemuva ichichima izinwele ezinohlonze, iba mikhulu futhi ibe mfile. Lokhu kuvimbela i-hare ukuba iwe iqhwa.

Kulula ukubona i-walrus ngamabhu amakhulu ayo, amadevu amade nokuqina amafushane. Ama-Walruse, lezi zilwane ezinkulu nezinzima, zazivame ukuzingela kakhulu ngenxa yenyama namafutha. Manje ama-walrus angaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso, futhi ukuzingela kwawo kunqatshelwe.

Isikhala sobubi

I-scaly reptile (i-Zootoca vivipara) ingeyomndeni wakwa-Real Lizards kanye ne-monotypic genus Forest Lizards (Zootoca). Isikhathi esithile, lesi sihlambi sasingelunhlobo lwe-Green Lizards (Lacerta). Isilwane esibhukuda kahle sinobukhulu bomzimba obubanzi obuyi-15-18 cm, okuthi cishe i-10-11 cm siwele emsileni. Umbala womzimba onsundu, lapho kukhona imivimbo emnyama eyeluka ezinhlangothini naphakathi komhlane. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba ilula ngombala, ngombala ophuzi ohlaza okotshani, obomvu wezitini noma owolintshi. Izinsikazi zezinhlobo zinomzimba omncane ocwengekile nombala ogqamile.

ISiberia yaseSiberia

I-newt enezimpiko ezine (iSalamandrella keyerlingii) iyilungu elivelele kakhulu lomndeni we-angler. I-amphibian endala ye-caudate ihlukaniswa usayizi womzimba ongu-12-13 cm, ongaphansi kwengxenye yawo uwa emsila. Isilwane sinamakhanda abanzi futhi athambile, kanye nomsila ocindezelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ongenalo ngokuphelele amafreyimu ohlobo lwesikhumba. Umbala we-reptile unombala onsundu-onsundu noma onsundu ngokubakhona kwamabala amancani kanye nomucu wobude obude obuhle emuva.

Semirechye frog-izinyo

I-Dzungarian Triton (Ranodon sibiricus) isi-amphibian esivela emndenini womndeni wama-angliot (Hynobiidae). Namuhla, izinhlobo ezisengozini futhi ezingandile kakhulu zinobude bomzimba ongu-15-18 cm, kepha abanye abantu bafinyelela osayizi abangama-20 cm, lapho ingxenye yomsila iba ngaphezu kwesigamu. Isisindo somzimba somuntu ovuthiwe esishintshashintshayo sinokuhluka phakathi kwama-20-25 g. Kusuka kuma-11 kuya kwayi-13 ama-grooves angaphakathi nendawo nanokubonakala akhona ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Umsila ucindezelwa kamuva futhi une-fold fold emuva ngemuva. Umbala we-reptile uhlukahluka kusuka ku-hue-brown hue uye kumnqumo omnyama nombala oluhlaza grey, ovame ukuba namabala.

Ixoxo lesihlahla

I-tailless amphibian (Rana sylvatica) iyakwazi ukuyiqothula esikhathini esinzima sasebusika iye esifundeni seqhwa. I-amphibian ekulesi sifundazwe ayiphefumuli, futhi inhliziyo nesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi iyeka. Lapho ukufudumala, isele lisheshe “thaws”, elivumela ukuthi libuyele empilweni ejwayelekile. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlukaniswa ngamehlo amakhulu, isifinyezo sesimo esingunxantathu ngokusobala, kanye nezindawo ezinombala ophuzi, ompunga, owolintshi, opinki, onsundu noma omnyama grey-green ngemuva. Isendlalelo esikhulu sinezelwa amabala ansundu noma amnyama.

Izinhlanzi ze-Arctic

Ezifundeni ezibandayo kakhulu zomhlaba wethu, hhayi izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni kuphela, kodwa futhi nezakhamizi ezahlukahlukene zasolwandle. Ama-Walruse nezimpawu zasolwandle ahlala emanzini ase-Arctic, ezinye izinhlobo zemvelo yama-cetaceans, kubandakanya imikhomo ye-baleen, narwhals, imikhomo ezibulala kanye ne-belugas, kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi. Sekukonke, zingaphezu kwamakhulu amane izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezihlala esifundeni seqhwa neqhwa.

I-Arctic char

Izinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe uRay (uSalvelinus alpinus) zingamalungu omndeni we-salmon, futhi amelwe ngezindlela eziningi: ukufuduka, ichibi lomfula kanye nechibi char. Ukudlula kweshadi kuhlukaniswa ngosayizi omkhulu nombala wesiliva, kunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emuva nezinhlangothi, ezimbozwe ukukhanya nokukhanya okukhulu kwezindawo. I-lacustrine egcwele i-lacctine Arctic char - abahlaseli abajwayelekile, ukusakazeka nokusuthisa isisindo emachibini. Izinhlobo zeLake-river zibonakaliswa ngumzimba omncane. Njengamanje, inani labasizi be-Arctic lithambekele ekuwohlokeni.

Oshaka bePolar

AbakwaSomniosa oshaka (Somniosidae) bangabomndeni woshaka ne-cataract-like oda, okubandakanya izinhlobo zofuzo eziyisikhombisa nezinhlobo ezingaba yimbili. Indawo yemvelo ingamanzi ama-arctic futhi angaphansi kolwandle kunoma yiluphi ulwandle. Oshaka abanjalo bahlala emithambekeni yezwe naseziqhingini, kanye namashalofu namanzi olwandle avulekile. Kulokhu, usayizi womzimba orekhodiwe omkhulu awudluli kumamitha ayi-6.4. Imikhakha etholakala ngaphansi kwephiko le-dorsal imvamisa ayikho, futhi i-notch ibonakala emaphethelweni we-lobe ephezulu yecaudal.

I-Cayfish, noma i-polod cod

Amanzi okubanda kwe-Arctic abandayo kanye ne-cryopelagic (Boreogadus saida) angamalungu omndeni we-cod (uGadidae) kanye ne-cod-like order (Gadiformes). Namuhla ukuphela kwezinhlobo ezivela kuhlobo lwe-monotypic of sais (Boreogadus). Isidumbu somuntu omdala sinobude bomzimba obufinyelela ku-40 cm, onobuchopho obukhulu obuyela emsileni. I-caudal fin ibonakala ngokuba khona kwe-notch ejulile. Ikhanda likhulu, umhlathi ububala kancane ubheke phambili, amehlo amakhulu nesihlwathi esincane ezingeni le-chin. Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda nasemuva inombala onsundu ngombala, kanti isisu nezinhlangothi zihlukaniswa ngombala wesiliva.

I-Eel-pout

Izinhlanzi zasolwandle (i-Zoarces viviparus) zingamalungu omndeni wama-belugaids kanye ne-oda le-perciform. Isisulu semanzini sinobude bomzimba obuphakeme obungama-50-52 cm, kodwa imvamisa usayizi womuntu omdala awudluli ku-8-10 cm. I-beldyuga ine-dorsal fin ende ngemisebe emfishane ye-spiky emuva. Ama-anal kanye nama-dorsal fins ahlangana ne-caudal fa.

Herring Pacific

Inhlanzi enobuhlakani kaRay-Clupea pallasii) ingeyomndeni we-herring (Clupeidae) futhi yinto ebalulekile yezentengiso. Abamele izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo bahlukaniswa ukukhula okubuthakathaka kwe-keel isisu, kubonakala kahle kuphela phakathi kwe-anal ne-tumbo esiswini. Imvamisa yokufunda isikole i-pelagic ibonakala ngokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu nokufuduka okuhlala njalo kusuka ebusika nasezindaweni zokuphakela ukudla kuya ezindaweni ezivulekile.

Haddock

Inhlanzi enobuhlakani kaRay (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) ingeyomndeni we-cod (uGadidae) nohlobo lwe-monotypic genus Melanogrammus. Ubude bomzimba bomuntu omdala buyahlukahluka kusuka ku-100-110 cm, kepha osayizi abade bufika ku-50-75 cm bujwayelekile, ngesisindo esilingana no-2-3 kg. Umzimba wezinhlanzi uphakeme kakhulu futhi uthambile kancane ezinhlangothini. Umhlane ungwevu omnyama ophuzi noma onsomi we-lilac. Izinhlangothi zilula kalula ngophawu lwesiliva, kanti isisu sinombala omhlophe wesiliva noma onsundu. Emzimbeni we-haddock kukhona umugqa omnyama, ngaphansi kwawo lapho kunendawo enkulu emnyama noma emnyama.

Nelma

Inhlanzi (iStenodus leucichthys nelma) ingeyomndeni we-salmon futhi iyi-subspecies yezinhlanzi ezimhlophe. Izinhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile noma ama-semi-literal avela ku-oda I-Salmonidae ifinyelela ubude obungu-120-130 cm, ngesisindo somzimba esiphezulu sama-48-50 kg. Uhlobo oluyigugu kakhulu lwezinhlanzi ezidayiswayo namuhla luyinto ethandwa kakhulu yokuzalanisa. INelma evela kwamanye amalungu omndeni ihlukaniswa izici zomlomo, ezinikeza le nhlanzi ukubukeka okuxakile, uma iqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezihlobene.

I-Arctic omul

Izinhlanzi ezibalulekile zentengiso (i-lat. Coregonus autumnalis) zingezomndeni we-whitefish nomndeni we-salmon. Uhlobo olufudukayo lwenhlanzi olusenyakatho luhamba emanzini asogwini lwe-Arctic Ocean. Ubude bomzimba ojwayelekile bomuntu omdala bufinyelela ku-62-64 cm, ngesisindo ebangeni le-2.8-3.0 kg, kepha kutholakala abantu abakhulu. Isidlakudla sasolwandle esijwayelekile sisebenzisa inqwaba yabamele amakhulu ama-benthic crustaceans, futhi sidle nezinhlanzi ezincane kanye ne-zooplankton encane.

Izicabucabu

Ama-Arachnids angawokuphoqelela izilwane ezidla ezinye, okubonisa amandla aphezulu kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwendawo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-Arctic I-Arctic fauna ayifanekelwa kuphela yisibalo esikhulu sezicabucabu ezivela engxenyeni eseningizimu yezindlela ze-borali, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ze-arthropod - ama-hypoartures, kanye ne-hemiartures kanye nokukhuphuka. Ama-tundra ajwayelekile naseningizimu acebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezicabucabu, ahlukahlukene ngosayizi, indlela yokuzingela nokusatshalaliswa kwe-biotopic.

Amathiphu ama-nigriceps

Isicabucabu salolu hlobo lobuciko (Tmeticus nigriceps) sihlala endaweni ye-tundra, sifanekiswa yisithonjana se-orange, nesifunda esimnyama-cephalic. Imilenze yesicabucabu ingumbala wewolintshi ngombala, kanti i-opistosome imnyama ngombala. Ubude bomzimba besilisa sowesilisa obukhulu bungama-2.3-2.7 mm, kanti izinsikazi zikububanzi obungu-2.9-3.3 mm.

Izinambuzane

Inani elikhulu lezinyoni ezingavikeleki ezindaweni ezisenyakatho kungenxa yokuba khona kwezinambuzane eziningi - omiyane, amabele, izimpukane namabhungane. Umhlaba wezinambuzane e-Arctic wehluke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kwi-polar tundra, lapho kuqala isizini yamahlobo omiyane abaningi, amajezi kanye nama-midges amancane.

Umbala opinki

Umzimba wale nyoni ubude bawo buba ngamasentimitha angama-35. Ingwevu epinki idla izinambuzane, izinyamazane ezincane, nezinhlanzi namaqhugwane lapho zizulazula.

Izwi lalezi zinhlobo liphakeme kakhulu futhi lithambile kuneli kwamanye ama-gull, lihlukahlukene kakhulu

I-Arctic Tern

Ubude bomzimba we-polar tern buyi-36-43 cm.Izinyoni zizingela izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks, izinambuzane, nezimbaza zomhlaba. Amajikijolo angadliwa nasezindaweni ezidlekayo.

Unyaka nonyaka, i-Arctic tern indiza ubusika isuka e-Arctic iye e-Antarctic, ngenxa yalezi zindiza, inyoni ibuka amahlobo amabili njalo ngonyaka.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Atlantic

Izinyoni zidla ikakhulu izinhlanzi, kwesinye isikhathi nazo zidla ama-clams amancane kanye nama-shrimps. Ubukhulu be-Atlantic efile ukuphela ngu-30- 35 cm.

Igama lesiRussia "ukuphela kufile" livela egameni elithi "dull" futhi lihambisana nokwakheka okukhulu, okuyindilinga yoqhwaku lwenyoni

I-Harbour seal

Abadala bafinyelela ku-1.85 m ubude kanye no-132 kg wesisindo. Isigaxa esijwayelekile, njengakwezinye izinhlobo ezincane, sidla kakhulu izinhlanzi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ama-invertebrates, ama-crustaceans kanye nama-mollusks.

Ukubhaliswa okumbili kwembali evamile - i-European and insular - kubhalwe kwi-Red Book

I-Ringed seal

Ubude bezilwane ezindala buqala ku-1.1 kuye ku-1.5 m. Isibonakaliso esinezintambo siyisihlobo esiseduze sophawu oluvamile.

I-White Sea engaphansi kwalolu phawu lwesimbambo ihlala e-Arctic Ocean

Izilwane ezinkulu, ubude besilisa bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-4,5, izinsikazi - ama-3.7 m. Isisekelo sokudla kwama-walrus zingama-invertebrates angaphansi, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi. Bangaphinde bahlasele izindikimba.

Isisindo se-Walrus - kuze kube amathoni ama-2 emadodeni aze afike ku-1 ithoni kwabesifazane

Bowhead whale

Ubude oburekhodwa besilwane bungama-22 m, futhi isisindo singafinyelela kumathani ayikhulu. Imikhomo yaseGreenland idla ipulankton, ihlunga amanzi ngokusebenzisa amapuleti e-whalebone.

Umkhomo we-Bowhead whale ungene ngaphansi kobukhulu be-200 m futhi ungahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi esingaba imizuzu engama-40

Narwhal

Ubude bomzimba we-narwhal endala buvame ukufinyelela kumamitha angama-3.8-5,5, kanye nawezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngo-1-1.5 m. AmaNarwhals adla kakhulu ngama-cephalopods, ngezinga elincane - ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi.

Ukudlondlobala kobuso be-narwhal kusetshenziselwa iklabhu lokumangalisa, mhlawumbe futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uzizwe ushintsho ekucindezelweni nasekushiseni kwamanzi

Beluga whale

Isisekelo sokudla kwezilwane inhlanzi futhi, ngezinga elincane, ama-crustaceans nama-cephalopods. Iziduna ezinkulu kunazo zonke zohlobo lwe-beluga whales zifinyelela ku-6 m ubude namathani ama-2 ubunzima, izinsikazi zincane.

Izinguquko zesikhumba somkhomo we-Beluga whale nobudala: izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zimnyama, ngemuva konyaka ziphenduke izimpunga futhi zizimpunga, abantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-3-5 bamhlophe qwa

Izilwane ze-Arctic enokhahlo

Ngaphandle kwe-Arctic Circle kudlulisela i-Arctic enokhahlo. Lona umhlaba wamahlane oqhwa, imimoya ebandayo ne-permafrost. Imvula iyivelakancane, futhi imisebe yelanga ayingene ebumnyameni bobusuku be-polar izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Yiziphi izilwane ezihlala e-Arctic? Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinto eziphilayo ezikhona lapho obekufanele zibe khona, okuphoqeleke ukuthi zichithe ubusika obunzima phakathi kwezingulube namakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha.

Kepha, naphezu kwezimo ezinzima kulezi zingxenye cishe izinhlobo ezimbili zezinto eziphilayo zihlala izilwane zase-Arctic (use Izithombe ungaqinisekisa ukwahluka kwabo). Ebumnyameni obungapheliyo, okhanyiswe kuphela ngamalambu asenyakatho, kufanele aphile futhi azitholele owawo ukudla, alwa ihora ngalinye ngokuba khona kwawo.

Izidalwa ezinemibala ezimeni esezishiwo ngokwedlulele sezilula. Ngenxa yemvelo yabo, banamathuba amaningi okusinda. Kungakho izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zezinyoni zihlala ezweni lasenyakatho elinonya.

Iningi lazo liyafuduka, lishiya umhlaba ongapheli ongenakuvinjwa ekuqaleni kobusika obunzima. Ngokuqala kwezinsuku zasentwasahlobo, babuyela emuva ukuze basebenzise izipho zemvelo ye-arctic exing.

Ezinyangeni zasehlobo kunokudla okwanele ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle, futhi ukukhanyisa kwewashi kuwumphumela wosuku olude, isigamu sonyaka, usuku lwe-polar. izilwane nezinyoni ze-Arctic ukuthola ukudla okudingekayo.

Noma ehlobo, izinga lokushisa kule nsimu alikhuphuki kangangokuba imijikelezo yeqhwa neqhwa eliwa okwesikhashana linikeza ithuba lokuthatha ikhefu kusuka ebunzimeni kulo mbuso weqhwa, ngaphandle kwesikhashana esifushane, inyanga nesigamu, hhayi ngaphezulu. Ihlobo kuphela elingashisi nemifudlana yase-Atlantic okuletha ukufudumala kule ndawo, ukufudumala, kufile kusukela ekubuseni kweqhwa, amanzi eningizimu-ntshonalanga.

Ezithombeni zezilwane ze-Arctic

Kodwa-ke, imvelo yanakekela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kulondolozwe ukushisa, ukushoda kwalo kuzwakala ngisho nasehlobo elifushane, kanye nomnotho onengqondo phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo: izilwane zinoboya obude obukhulu, izinyoni zinenqwaba efanele isimo sezulu.

Iningi lazo linobubanzi obukhulu bamafutha abizwa ngokuthi ama-subcutaneous. Isisindo esihehayo sisiza izilwane eziningi ezinkulu ukuthi zikhiqize inani elifanele lokushisa.

Abanye babamele iziloba zaseNyakatho Ekude bahlukaniswa izindlebe nemilenze emincane, ngoba ukwakheka okunjalo kubavumela ukuthi bangaboli, okuyinto exhasa kakhulu impilo yezilwane e-Arctic.

Futhi izinyoni, impela ngenxa yalesi sizathu, zinemilomo emincane. Umbala wezidalwa zendawo echaziwe, njengomthetho, umhlophe noma ulula, futhi esiza izitho ezihlukahlukene ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi zingabonakali eqhweni.

Kunjalo izilwanyana ze-Arctic. Ngokumangazayo, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zasenyakatho, ekulweni nesimo sezulu esinzima nezimo ezingezinhle, ziyaxhumana, ezisiza ukunqoba ubunzima ndawonye futhi zigweme izingozi. Futhi izakhiwo ezinjalo zezinto eziphilayo zingenye ubufakazi bokuthi zisetshenziswa esinengqondo sendalo enamanzi amaningi.

Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa

Ubhekwa njengomfowethu omhlophe, kepha uhlukaniswa ngumzimba omude, isakhiwo esisezingeni elithe xaxa, eqinile, emilenzile kodwa imilenze emifushane nezinyawo ezibanzi ezimsizayo lapho ehamba eqhweni futhi ebhukuda.

isembatho I polar bear sika noboya eside, uqweqwe shaggy ukuthi uba nombala Milky ophuzi, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ezimhlophe. Isisindo saso singamakhilogremu angamakhulu ayisikhombisa.

Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa

Ikhodi ye-Polar

Fish kungokwalabo esigabeni izidalwa ezincane abahlala e-Arctic Ocean. Ukuchitha impilo yakhe ngobukhulu bamanzi abandayo, i-polod cod ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Lezi zidalwa zasemanzini zondla ngeplankton, ezithinta kahle ukulingana kokulingana kwezinto eziphilayo. Bona angaba umthombo ukudla ezihlukahlukene izinyoni yasenyakatho, izimvu zamanzi kanye izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo.

Izinhlanzi zekhakhodi zepolar

I-Arctic cyan

It has elinye igama: mane sengonyama, kubhekwe naphakathi kwabakhileyo zasemanzini planethi jellyfish saba esikhulu kunazo zonke. Isambulela saso sifinyelela kububanzi obungamamitha amabili, futhi amatende abude bawo obungamamitha.

Impilo yamaCyanidean ayihlali isikhathi eside, isizini eyodwa kuphela yehlobo. Lapho kuqala ekwindla, lezi zidalwa afe, futhi entwasahlobo entsha, avele abantu eyanda ngokushesha kangaka. ICyanaea idla izinhlanzi ezincane ne-zooplankton.

I-Jellyfish

White Owl

Kungokwesigaba sezinyoni ezingandile. Okufakiwe kungatholakala kuyo yonke i-tundra. Banezinhliziyo ezinhle izimpaphe ezimhlophe, futhi ukulondoloza ukushisa, uqhwaku embozwe bristles ezincane.

Isikhova esimhlophe sinezitha eziningi, futhi izinyoni ezinjalo zivame ukuba izisulu zezinyamazane. Bazidla ngamagundane - ababhubhisi abahlala njalo bezidleke, okuwusizo kakhulu kwabanye abahlali abanemibala.

White Owl

I-Guillemot

Izinyoni zasolwandle zaseNyakatho Ekude zihlela amakoloni amakhulu, abizwa nangokuthi izinyoni zezinyoni. Zivame esisogwini lolwandle amatshe. Ama-Guillemots angabathengi abaziwayo bezindawo ezinjalo.

Babeka iqanda elilodwa elinombala oluhlaza okotshani noma oluhlaza ngombala. Futhi efukamela amagugu azo ngaphandle kokushiya ngeminithi. Emaphethelweni weqhwa elikhulukazi - lesi yisidingo esiphuthumayo nje. Futhi amaqanda, afudumele ngokuphelele kusuka phezulu ngumzimba wezinyoni, kusuka ngezansi ahlala ebanda ngokuphelele.

Esikhathini isithombe ngisho nenyoni guillemot

Kwenzeka kuzo zonke izifunda ze-Arctic, izidleke ezigudle ugu lweBaltic futhi enyakatho yeNgilandi, zindizela eningizimu ezindaweni ezigcina amanzi ezingagcini enkabeni yeYurophu phakathi nenkathi yamakhaza.

Ama-gaga avikela inzalo yawo emakhazeni, akha ngokukhethekile umkhuhlane wawo obomvu-grey, enza izindle zawo. waterfowls okunjalo zichitha cishe impilo yabo yonke phezu kwamanzi olwandle, ukudla iminenke, mollusk kanye izimbaza.

Esithombeni, inyoni eider

I-polar goose

Le nyoni ubizwa nangokuthi ihansi imhlophe ilungele umxhwele ezimhlophe izimpaphe zalo, futhi kuphela amathiphu wamaphiko izinyoni zihlukaniswa imivimbo abamnyama. Zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu amahlanu, kanti izidleke zazo, njengama-eider, zifakwe umugqa ngokwazo phansi.

Lezi zakhamizi zasogwini lwe-Arctic zibalekela umkhuhlane wokubulawa kobusika obunamandla obandayo, obundizela eningizimu. Lolu hlobo lwe-goose zasendle kubhekwa ngempela ezingavamile.

I-polar white goose

I-Polar gull

It has a ukukhanya grey izimpaphe, amaphiko zithé mnyama, lwalo esiluhlaza, imilenze ukukhanya pink. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-polar gull yinhlanzi, kepha lezi zinyoni zidla futhi ama-clams namaqanda ezinye izinyoni. Bahlala cishe amashumi amabili eminyaka.

Tern polar

Le nyoni idume ngobubanzi bayo (kufika kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30) nesikhathi (cishe izinyanga ezine) ezindizeni, ichitha ubusika e-Antarctica. Izinyoni zindizela enyakatho e-Arctic ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, zidala amakoloni amakhulu.

izici zayo Uyi umsila olunjengemfoloko kanye cap black ekhanda lakhe. Imifantu ibonakala ngokuqapha kanye nolaka. Iminyaka yokuphila kwabo ingaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu.

tern polar

Loon

Izinyoni zasolwandle zase-Arctic, ezihlala ikakhulukazi i-waterfowl. Loon uchitha isikhathi eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada ikakhulu kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-October, ngokuba inyoni ezifudukayo. Inobukhulu bekadesi elikhulu, dives nokubhukuda ngokuphelele, futhi ngezikhathi zengozi ifaka umzimba ngokujulile emanzini, inhloko eyodwa kuphela esele ngaphandle.

Esithombeni, inyoni eyi-loon

4. Arctic impungushe, noma impungushe polar

I-polar noma i-arctic fox iyisilwane esidliwayo, okuwukuphela kommeleli we-Arctic fox genus. Ngokungafani ne-fox ejwayelekile, inesifinyezo esifushane, izindlebe ezincane eziyindilinga, ama-paws ambozwe izinwele eziqinile nomzimba we-squat. Kuye ngesizini, impungushe noboya ingaba mhlophe, blue, onsundu, grey, ikhofi ukukhanya noma isihlabathi. Ngalesi sisekelo, izinhlobo eziyishumi zezilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlukile ziyahlukaniswa.

Ngaphandle kwesigamu sekhilomitha ukusuka emanzini, impungushe ye-arctic ibamba imigodi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokungena okuningi. Kodwa ebusika, wayevame ihlobene umhume eqhweni. Udla konke, zombili izitshalo nezilwane zingena ekudleni kwakhe. Kepha isisekelo sokudla kwaso yizinyoni nama-lemmings.

1. Walrus

Umuntu okuwukuphela komuntu omele umndeni wakwaWalrus ubonga ukuhlukaniseka kalula ngamasu awo amakhulu. Ngobukhulu phakathi kwama-pinnipeds, kuthatha indawo yesibili ngemuva kwendlovu yasolwandle, kepha amabanga alezi zilwane awafani. Walruses bahlala lezinkomo ngesibindi ukuvikela nomunye ezitheni.

2. Seal

Zisakazeke kakhulu, zihlala ogwini lolwandlekazi iPacific, Atlantic and Arctic. Ziyakwazi ayizingcweti zokubhukuda kakhulu, nakuba kude ogwini abakwazi kungatholakala. Izimpawu zokugcina zingagcini emanzini abandayo ngenxa yesendlalelo samafutha angamanzi angenamakhaza noboya obungenamanzi.

3. Fur uphawu

Zamanzi ezinoboya kanye Sea amabhubesi siwuhlobo ezimpawu eared. Izimpawu, ngenkathi zihamba, ziphumula kuyo yonke imilenze, futhi amehlo azo anohlaka olumnyama. Ehlobo, inyakatho yohlobo lwe-fur fur ihlala enyakatho yoLwandle iPacific, futhi lapho kufika ekwindla, ifudukela eningizimu.

4. Northern indlovu lwezimpawu

Kufanele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi izimpawu zamanzi endlovu zihlukaniswe enyakatho (ehlala e-Arctic) naseningizimu (ehlala e-Antarctic). Izindlovu zasolwandle zathola igama lazo ngenxa yobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele kanye nekhala lokufana nesiqu samaduna amadala. Bahlala ogwini Arctic eNyakatho Melika ngisho eningizimu. Abesilisa abadala banesisindo esingu-3.5 amathani.

Izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle zase-Arctic

Ayikho esincelisayo ungaqhathanisa ngokuqondene namandla ayo ukuba basinde kule izimo ezinzima ye-Arctic nge izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo ezifana Beluga imikhomo, narwhals futhi bowhead imikhomo. Abanaso isipho se-dorsal fin kwamanye ama-cetaceans. Cishe izinhlobo eziyi-10 zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle ezihlala e-Arctic - imikhomo (ama-finwales, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imichilo nemikhomo yesidoda) namahlengethwa (imikhomo ebulala). Asikhulume mayelana ethandwa kakhulu babo.

I-Arctic Rodents

Akunakwenzeka ukubona ngokweqile ukubaluleka kwama-lemmings ngokuba khona kwezilwane ogwadule lwase-Arctic. Zidla on cishe zonke izilwane zasemhlabeni ngenhla. Futhi izikhova ezinamakhaza azenzi ngisho izidleke uma inani le-lemmings lisesimweni esihle kakhulu.

Izilwane zase-Arctic ezisohlwini lweNcwadi ebomvu

Okwamanje, ezinye izilwane e-Arctic asengozini. Izinguquko zemvelo nezenziwa ngabantu ezimweni zezulu ze-Arctic zibeka engcupheni enkulu izilwane zasendle. Abameli abalandelayo bebhande le-Arctic bafakiwe ohlwini lwezilwane zase-Arctic ezifakwe ku-Red Book.

• Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa.
• Bowhead whale.
• Narwhal.
• Reindeer.
• Ulwandle i-Atlantic Laptev walruses.

I-Musk ox ibuye ibe yinyamazana yezilwane. Okhokho bakhe baphila eMhlabeni ngesikhathi sezilwane ezincelisayo.

Ngo-June 2009, ngomyalo uhulumeni waseRussia, Russian Arctic National Park yadalwa, umsebenzi oyinhloko okuyinto ukulondoloza nabameleli Ukutadisha yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ye-Arctic, okuyizinto on onqenqemeni yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele.

Izilwane zase-Arctic azihlali eNorth Pole, akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlale lapho. Zivame kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Arctic Ocean, ogwini lwamazwekazi naseziqhingini.

Lurik

I-Little Loon igama lesibili kulezi zinyoni. Bahlala esidlekeni esiphakeme. Luriks izakhamuzi eziningi zeselula encane Arctic phakathi izinyoni.

Izilwane zase-Arctic zisemzabalazweni wempilo nsuku zonke. Ukukhetha kwemvelo kunonya. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, isifunda esisenyakatho uye uvikelekile ezihlukahlukene nezilwane emhlabathini waso.