IRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia isenyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia. Ngenxa yamachibi kanye namahlathi akulesi sifunda, isimo sezulu esithile sakhiwe ngokuba nemvula eyenele, isimo sezulu sivame ukubonakala njengokushintsha. Izitshalo nezilwane eziningi ezibhalisiwe endaweni yesifunda zibhalwe ku-Red Book of the Republic kanye neRussia.
Isimo sezulu seKarelia Hlela
IRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia isenyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia. Isimanga semvelo yaso inani elihamba phambili lamahlathi e-coniffort, ahlala kumahektha ayizigidi eziyi-13.41 alesi sifunda.
E-republic kunamachibi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-73. Amachibi eLadoga ne-Onega, amachibi adumile kakhulu aseKarelia, nawo afakazelwa njengezikhulu hhayi ezweni lase-republic kuphela, kodwa naseYurophu. Futhi, imifula eminingi igeleza esifundeni. Isibonelo, eLadoga Lake, kuqalwa i-Neva, Volkhov, Svir, Olonka nabanye.
Ngenxa yezindawo zokugcina amanzi kanye namahlathi, isimo sezulu esithile esinezimvula ezanele sakhiwe eKarelia. Ubusika eKarelia buthambile, kepha bude, buqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Isimo sezulu siyashintsha, amathanga nokupholisa okubukhali akujwayelekile. Intwasahlobo iza ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, kepha ngisho nangoMeyi, izazi zesimo sezulu ziqopha iqhwa. Ihlobo kuKarelia liza ngoJuni, inyanga eshisa kakhulu nguJulayi, izinga lokushisa lomoya likhuphukele kuma-degree angu-3434 C. Ukuqhuma kuqala engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti.
Izimbali ze-Karelia Hlela
Izici zezilwane nezimbali zeRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia nazo zinqunywa yindawo. Izitshalo okubonakala ngazo i-tundra zikhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho: ama-mosses, ama-lichens, ama-spruce amancanyana kanye ne-birch. Kodwa i-46.80% yensimu yeKarelia ihlalwa ngamahlathi e-coniferous. Ama-conifers, uphayini ovamile kanye ne-spruce kuvamile. Eduze naseningizimu yeKarelia, amahlathi aqhamukayo ahlangana nezinye ezixubile. Emahlathini ahlanganisiwe i-birch, i-alder, i-aspen ijwayelekile, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala imephu. Futhi emahlathini aseKarelian ungabona isihlahla esingandile futhi esibaluleke kakhulu - i-Karelian birch. Kubhalwe ku-Red Book of the Republic, ngoba izinkuni zayo, ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa, iyaziswa emhlabeni wonke.
Ingxenye yaphansi yehlathi imelelwa izihlahla. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, bacishe bangakhuli ehlathini likaphayini. Eduzane naseningizimu yeKarelia kukhona amathangqa ama-lingonberry, ama-blueberries, ama-blueberries kanye nama-cranberry. Amajikijolo asenyakatho ayabangelwa amaminerali awo azuzisayo namavithamini. "I-pantry yelanga" - yilokhu umbhali wethu wemvelo uP prishvin awabiza ngokuthi amahlathi ethu. Inhlabathi ehlathini imbozwe ama-mosses nama-lichens; i-reindeer moss ne-heather zivamile.
Phakathi kwamakhowe kukhona ama-boletus ansundu, ama-boletus, ama-chanterelles nama-russula. Emabhafini kunamhlophe nama-mossovics amaningi. Emahlathini ahlanganisiwe, kukhona amakhowe asetshenziselwa usawoti: amakhowe wokubhula, amakhowe (amhlophe, amnyama, ophuzi), amakhowe oju nezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe.
Karelia
Karelia, indawo evikelekile yamahlathi namachibi, isengxenyeni esenyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia. Ensimini yayo, efana neGrisi noma iBulgaria, ithatha indawo yesihlanu phakathi kwezwekazi laseRussia Federation. Entshonalanga, iKarelia isondelene neFinland, eningizimu, enyakatho nasempumalanga - kanye nezifunda zeNyakatho-Ntshonalanga Federal District yezwe - izifunda iLeningrad, Vologda, Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yogu lwayo kugezwa ngamanzi abandayo oLwandle Olumhlophe.
Fauna kaKarelia Hlela
Enye into uKarelia yizilwane. Kukhona zombili izilwane ze-taiga kanye nabamele iNorth Sea yombuso wezilwane. Amabhere, izimpisi, ama-wolverines, ama-lynxes atholakala emahlathini aseKarelia. I-moose nesidane kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala - la ma-artiodactyls ayehlala emhlabeni weKarelian eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyisi-5,6 eyedlule. Izidalwa ezimbili zohlobo lwe-beaver zihlala emifuleni yeKarelia - yaseYurophu naseCanada.
Kunezilwane eziningi ezingavamile eKarelia, ngokwesibonelo, uphawu lweLadoga, oluhlala eLake Ladoga naseSaimaa Lake eFinland. Encwadini ebomvu kaKarelia kufakwe ku-hare, wolverine, porpoise.
Izwe lezinyoni nalo lihlukile. Enyakatho republic kunomdlalo omningi we-upland: i-grouse emnyama, i-grouse, i-capercaillie, i-partridge emhlophe. Kukhona izinyoni ezidla inyama efana nesikhova, ukhozi, ukhozi lwegolide. Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamachibi, ama-waterfowl azizwa ekhululekile kakhulu kuKarelia. Izinyoni zasolwandle, amadada nezinkawu zivame ukutholakala kumachibi, kanye nezinkozi ezisogwini.
I-republic inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi - i-whitefish, i-salmon, i-salmon, i-zander, i-grey nezinye. Izilwane eziningi ezihuquzelayo nezinhlobonhlobo, ikakhulukazi ezingathandeki kubantu nasezilwaneni, omiyane, emaphakathini kanye nezimpukane zamahhashi. Inyoka eyingozi kakhulu kulezi zingxenye inyoka evamile. Eningizimu, amacala okulimala kwethiks awandile.
Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu
UKarelia, ungqongqo osenyakatho yezokuvakasha kwamanye amazwe eRussia, uyisixhumanisi sendlela yezivakashi iBlue Road ehlanganisa izwe neNorway, iSweden neFinland.
Isimo esijabulisayo sikaKarelia, isiko lokuqala labantu abahlala kulo, ubuciko bokwakha izakhiwo ezingcwele nezindawo zenkolo ezihehayo bathandi bokuvakasha nabathandayo ubuhle nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Lapha ungakwazi ukushibilika futhi unyakaze, uhambe ngokuxhaxha ngezinyawo, ukuzingela, inhlanzi, ukujwayela izinto ezihlukile zokwakha, amasiko nezomlando. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izindlela zemvelo “eziluhlaza” ziye zathandwa kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukuhambela amapaki kazwelonke nezindawo ezivikelwe, kanye nokuvakasha kwe-ethnographic okunikeza ithuba lokuvakashela amadolobhana aseKarelian, ePomeranian, eVeps ngomlando omude.
Ubusika e-Karelia Museum-Reserve "Kizhi"
Umlando kaKarelia
Ngisho nangekhulu le-VII-VI BC. e. abantu baqala ukuzinza ensimini yeKarelia. Lokhu kufakazelwa yi-petroglyphs edume umhlaba wonke etholakala ogwini olusempumalanga yeLake Onega, eduzane nedolobhana laseBesov Nos. Kunezithombe zasendulo esifundeni saseLwandle Olumhlophe kweKarelia, ngasemfuleni uMfula i-Vyg. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngekhulu I I BC. e. Izizwe zaseFinnno-Ugric, amaKarelians, amaVepsians neSami zazihlala lapha. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yethu, izizwe zamaSlav zabonakala ogwini loLwandle Olumhlophe, ziletha lapha isiko lokulima umhlaba.
Ngokuqala kukaKievan Rus ngekhulu lesi-9, amazwe kaKarelian ayesemkhakheni wethonya lawo. Ngemuva kokuwa kwalombuso wasendulo, uKarelia waba yingxenye yeRovgor Republic, kwathi ngonyaka ka-1478, kanye namanye amazwe aseVeliky Novgorod, aba yingxenye yombuso waseRussia.
Emakhulwini eminyaka we-XVI-XVII, abaseSweden, abathi kule ndawo, bathola okunye ukwanda ukuya empumalanga, futhi, ngenxa yempi yeminyaka emithathu yaseRussia neyaseSweden, ngonyaka we-1617 iRussia yadedela iKarelian Isthmus eSweden ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseStolbov. Eminyakeni eyikhulu eyalandela, ngokusho kweNystadt Peace Treaty (1721), eyayiqeda iMpi YaseNyakatho, le ngxenye yezwe yaphindela eRussia.
Kusukela ngo-1923, uKarelia ubelokhu enendawo ye-Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Ngo-1990, uMkhandlu Ophakeme waseKarelia wamukela isimemezelo sobukhosi bezwe be-Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo waqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi iRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia. NgoMashi 31, 1992, iRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia, njengoba yayisisayine isivumelwano sombuso, yaba yinto egcwele ngaphansi kweRussian Federation futhi yaba yingxenye Yesifunda Sombuso SaseRussia esiseNyakatho.
UKarelia unejazi lakhe lezingalo, iculo nefulegi, kanti inhloko-dolobha yalo liyidolobha lasePetrozavodsk.
ISolovetsky Monastery Village Kalevala Ilanga eSortavala
Inhlokodolobha yaseKarelia
Ukuvela kwedolobha elikhulu leRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia kuhlotshaniswa negama likaPeter the Great kanye nemicimbi emangalisayo yomlando wekhulu le-18: ukufinyelela kweRussia oLwandle iBaltic, ukuhlelwa kabusha kombuso ngendlela “yaseYurophu”, kanye nokukhula ngokushesha kwezimboni.
Ngo-1703, ngasemfuleni weLake Onega, osebeni lomfula iLososenka, baqala ukwakha iPetrovsky Plant, eyaba ibhizinisi elikhulu kakhulu lezikhali eRussia. Emzungezile kwavuka iPetrovskaya Sloboda, lapho kwakuhlala khona izingcweti, amasosha, nezikhulu zomnyango wezokumbiwa. Ngokwesimemezelo sikaCatherine II ngonyaka we-1777, le ndawo yathola isimo sedolobha, kwathi ngo-1781 uPetrozavodsk waba yisikhungo sesifundazwe sase-Olonets. Umbusi wokuqala walesi sifunda wayeyimbongi nesicukuthwane uGavril Derzhavin.
I-Alexander Nevsky Cathedral ePetrozavodsk
Ikhadi elivakashelayo lePetrozavodsk yiDolobha elidala, lapho izakhiwo zezakhiwo zekhulu le-18 nele-19 zitholakala khona. Phakathi kokudume kakhulu kukhona u-Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1823), Holy Cross Cathedral (1852), Solomensky esontweni esontweni lesonto labaPhostoli uPeter no Paul (1781), isonto iStretenskaya (1798).
Inhlokodolobha yeKarelia iyisizinda esiphakathi kwengqalasizinda yezokuvakasha yeRiphabhulikhi. Ukusuka lapha, izindlela zemigwaqo nezitimela ziyaphambuka eziholela ekuheheni okuphezulu kwesifunda.
IPetrozavodsk Station Ithiyetha Kazwelonke YeRiphabhulikhi YaseKarelia Petrozavodsk Embankment
Okuhehayo ngokomlando namasiko
Umsuka wesiko likaKarelia kuwuphawu lwamagugu abantu bomdabu abane, amakhulu eminyaka ayishumi ahlala ndawonye kulomhlaba - ama-Karelians, Finns, Vepsians, amaRussia. Izindawo eziningi zokwakha nezomlando eziseRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia zinesimo samagugu esizwe saseRussia, kanti ezinye zisohlwini Lwamagugu Omhlaba we-UNESCO.
Amagugu amathathu aphambili emnyangweni wezimali kaKarelia yiKizhi, iValaam kanye neziqhingi zaseSolovetsky. Lezi zikhungo zamasiko nezingokomoya ezibalulekile zomhlaba minyaka yonke zithola amakhulu ezinkulungwane zezivakashi ezifuna ukujwayelana nokukhanya okukhanyayo nokuqobo komlando weRiphabhulikhi, vakashela iminyuziyamu engafani nenye, funda ngamasiko obuciko kanye nezindabuko zikaKarelia.
IKizhi ingesinye seziqhingi eziyinkulungwane nesigamu esitholakala eLake Onega. Kulesi siqhingi iKizhi Pogost - isikhumbuzo esivelele sezakhiwo zasendulo zokhuni ezisenyakatho neRussia, ezifakwe kuhlu Lwamagugu Omhlaba we-UNESCO.
Le ensemble yezakhiwo yadalwa ngekhulu le-18. Ngo-1714, abahlali bendawo bazakhela imali yabo lapha ebabazekayo abangamatshumi amabili nambili Church of the Transfiguration. Ngemuva kwengxenye yeminyaka, iSontcession Church yakhula kude nayo, kwabe sekuba nombhoshongo oyinsimbi, owanikeza ubuqotho nokuphelele. Izazi-mlando zobuciko zikholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwakhiwa kwakukhona umbono wamakholwa mayelana nobuntu bendalo yaphezulu.
Ukuhlangana kwezakhiwo kweKizhi Pogost, eseningizimu yalesi siqhingi, kwaba yisisekelo lapho kwakhiwa khona isikhungo esikhulu semnyuziyamu esivulekile. Inikeza izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo zakudala, izinto zasendlini (imibukiso engaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-30), izinsalela zenkolo, kubandakanya nezithonjana ezingama-500 zekhulu le-16 nele-19. Eminyakeni eyedlule, konke lokhu kudalwe ezilimini zaseRussia, Karelian, naseVeps ezitholakala ezifundeni ezihlukene ze-Obonezh nasemadolobhaneni aseNingizimu naseNyakatho Karelia.
Ngokungezelela ezikhumbuzweni ezibonisa ukudalulwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwalezi zakhiwo, kukhona amadolobhana amadala.
Isonto laseKizhi elisendlini iKizhi ligubungele kusihlwa ekuseni iSonto Lovuko lukaLazaru
Kwaphela isigamu seminyaka yobukhona bawo, lesi sigcinimagugu saphinde senziwa ngemibukiso eyingqayizivele: enye yamathempeli asendulo amadala asindile aseRussia yathuthwa lapha - iSonto Lokuvuswa KukaLazaru wekhulu le-XIV, amakhemikhali amaningana, izindlu ezingaphezu kwabangamashumi amabili. Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezihanjisiwe kukhona izinqolobane, ama-rigs, okugeza nokunye okwakhiwayo.
Amadolobhana aseYamka naseVasilyevo atholakala enkabeni yesiqhingi, enyakatho kukhona isikhungo semibukiso, ukuvezwa kwawo okuthola izivakashi ngesiko labantu baseRussia iPudozh, isigaba esihlukile esizinikele emasikweni amaPryazha Karelians.
I-Museum-Reserve ayigcini nje ngobuciko bemisebenzi yobuciko enamakhulu eminyaka omlando, kepha futhi iyisikhungo sokucwaninga, lapho behlanganyela khona ekuvuseleleni amasiko abantu.Umnyuziyamu ubamba amaholide endabuko, imidlalo yabantu, Izinsuku zomsebenzi wezandla.
Izinsizakalo zaphezulu zibanjwa emathempelini asendulo namuhla, futhi kuthunyelwa izinsimbi emabeleni amaKizhi.
Izikhungo zezingqalasizinda - ikhefi, ibha, izikhumbuzo zesikhumbuzo, iposi kanye neposi losizo lokuqala - zitholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yesiqhingi. Kukhona pier lapho ungahamba khona lapho uhamba ngesikebhe ngomgwaqo obizwa ngokuthi “umgexo weKizhi”. Ngesikhathi sohambo uzokwazi ukubona umdanso oyinqayizivele oyindilinga wama-chapel asendulo asakazeke ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesiqhingi saseKizhi naseziqhingini eziseduze. Ngayinye yazo ihlukile, ayifani nenye, futhi isendaweni yayo yemvelo neyomlando.
Ukuvakasha kuthatha amahora amathathu. Izindleko: Ama-ruble ayi-100 umuntu ngamunye.
Kizhi Island, Karelia Wooden Mill Boat House
Muva nje, kuye kwavela indlela entsha yokubona esiqhingini saseKizhi - okuyindlela yezemvelo. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi indawo yokugcina iminyuziyamu isendaweni eyingqayizivele yeKarelia, yelula indawo ecishe ibe ngu-3 km futhi ifakwe amapulatifomu wokubuka, okuvela kuwo amaphaneli amahle ale ndawo, agqitshwa yimisuka yokuzamazama komhlaba kwasendulo kanye neqhwa elivele cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyi-12 eyedlule. Ukusuka lapha ungabuka izinyoni ezingavamile futhi ujabulele izimbali ezixubile zesiqhingi saseKizhi. Endleleni, kumiswe imininingwane yezindawo zokuzijabulisa.
Isiqhingi sonke siphethwe indawo yokubekelwa imnyuziyamu, futhi ekungeneni kuyo lapho umuntu evakashile udinga ukukhokha ama-ruble angama-500. Ithikithi labahola impesheni libiza ama-ruble angama-300, kubafundi - ama-ruble angama-200, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 zingavakashela lesi siqhingi mahhala.
Ungahle ubhukhe indawo yokuvakasha lapho. Ukukhethwa kwezinhlelo zokuvakasha kukhulu, isikhathi sabo sisuka kwikota kuya emahoreni amathathu, izindleko zivela kuma-ruble angama-200 kuye kwangama-1000 umuntu ngamunye.
Uhlaka lwendlela yemvelo eKizhi
- Ukuqala komkhondo we-ecological (Sayina esakhiweni sokuphatha)
- Isimo sezulu saseZaonezhie (iPoklonnaya isuka edolobhaneni laseChuinavolok)
- Isakhiwo sokuma komhlaba sendawo yeKizhi skerries (Esangweni)
- Umlando Wesiqhingi saseKizhi (iHelipad)
- Imisuka yeqhwa esiqhingini saseKizhi (Isayithi ngemuva kwamathuna)
- Imifino yesiqhingi saseKizhi (iMill eduze nedolobhana laseYamka)
- Izinyoni ze-Kizhi skerries (Isayithi esisekelweni soMsindisi Alwenziwanga Izandla)
- IKizhi Island Fauna (Emthonjeni)
- Isimo sesiqhingi nabantu bakhona (ama-Coppice asemgwaqweni ongezansi)
- Izinkinga zemvelo nekhambi lazo (Esangweni liya pier, indawo lapho ibhasi liphendukela khona)
UValami
Engxenyeni esenyakatho yeLake Ladoga, kukhona isiqhingi saseValaam, esanikwa igama lesiqhingi esiqhingini saseValaam. Leli gama libuye libe nesigodlo esidume umhlaba wonke esakhiwe kuso. Umlando wesigodlo sezindela saseValaam usukela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka we-X-XI. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuye kwavela kancane kancane isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sezakhiwo.
Lezi zindawo zaseKarelia zaxazululwa emuva ngekhulu le-10, futhi cishe ngasikhathi sinye kwavela izindela zokuqala ezingama-Orthodox lapha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngekhulu le-XIV bekuvele kunendawo yezindela. Ngo-1611, yabhidlizwa abaseSweden, futhi yema amanxiwa iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Isigodlo sezindela saqala ukubuyiselwa kuphela ngonyaka we-1715, kepha izakhiwo zamapulangwe maphakathi nekhulu le-18 zacekelwa imililo. Ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwezakhiwo zezimayini ezenziwe ngamatshe kwaqala ngo-1781. Kwafakwa amasonto, izindlu zokuphephela nokwakhiwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwabekwa imigwaqo ezindaweni zezindlu zesigodlo, kwathelwa amadamu, kwafakwa iziteshi, kwafakwa amabhuloho kwakhiwa izindawo zokudonsa amanzi.
Indlovukazi enenkani futhi enesineke uValaam uyidale ngokwendalo yakhela ungqimba lomhlabathi ovundile emadwaleni esiqhingi, afafaza umhlaba ovela ezweni elingumhlaba. Lapha baqala ukutshala izihlahla nezilimo zasensimini ngaphandle kwalezi zindawo.
ILadoga ekushoneni kwelanga Umkhumbi uya kuNikolsky Skete
Umhlobiso wobuciko besigodlo sezindela nobuhle obenziwe ngabantu bendawo ezungezile zakha indawo eyodwa enesimo esiyingqayizivele sikaValami.Kuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukuthi ngekhulu le-XIX lesi siqhingi saba uhlobo lwendawo yokusebenzela, lapho abaculi baseRussia behlonipha amakhono abo okupenda izindawo ezidwebe umhlaba. Ngakho-ke, isigodlo sezindela saseValaam nesiqhingi uqobo sathunjwa ngemidwebo eminingi egcinwe namuhla eminyuziyamu edumile.
Isakhiwo esikhulu sezindela esiyisakhiwo esikhulu siphakeme futhi siphakeme kakhulu kuzo zonke iziqhingi zaseValaam. Indawo ephakathi nendawo yezindela ihlanganisa iTransfiguration Cathedral, izakhiwo zayo zamaseli, amahhotela abazohambela izihambi, ama-Holy Gates anesonto lesango likaPeter noPaul, i-Assidence kanye namasonto eLiving Life.
Isigodlo se-Valaam Transfiguration Monastery, uKarelia View wesiphambano sesikhumbuzo
Le manor maphakathi izungezwe i-Intercession Chapel, iSonto Lababafundisi Reverend, izindonga zalo ziphumula izinsalela zezindawo ezigcotshwe izindela, ama-hermitages nezinye izakhiwo.
Amathempeli akhona avulekele umphakathi, kepha umuntu kumele agqoke ngendlela efanele. Kwabesifazane abagqoke ibhulukwe, izikhindi, neziketi ezimfishane, amakhanda abo engavuliwe, umnyango uzovalwa. Ama-shorts, T-shirts nama-tracksuits emadodeni nawo awemukelekile.
Uhambo lokuya eValaam lusuka ePetrozavodsk naseLadoga. Njengomthetho, amabhasi afinyelela edolobheni laseSortavala, ukusuka lapho, ngenkathi efudumele, izindiza zansuku zonke zenziwa eMeteor. Isikhathi sokuhamba ngamanzi - ihora eli-1.
Umkhumbi wemoto uMeteor Valaam - ipharele likaKarelia
Lapho u-hambo lokuvakasha kuleli dolobha, ungakhetha okukodwa kokukhethwa kukho okubili: uhlelo olufushane, olufaka ukudluliselwa, uhambo lokujwayela abahamba ngezinyawo lwasendlini yezindela (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-2300 umuntu ngamunye) noma uhlelo olugcwele, oluhlanganisa ukuvakasha kwendawo enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi “ I-New Jerusalem ”, ukuhambela eNikon Bay, ukudla kwasemini endaweni yokuhlola, kanye nethuba lokulalela izingilazi zokomoya zesonto (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-3170 umuntu ngamunye).
Uma uhamba ngezithuthi zamanzi ezizimele noma eziqashiwe, ungahamba ukhonkolo eMonastyrskaya Bay.
Ebusika, izinkampani zokuhamba zihlela ukuvakasha kwe-ski kanye nohambo lwe-snowmobile eValaam.
IValaam Island ebusika
Solovki
Iziqhingi zaseSolovetsky zingokwengxenye yesifunda sase-Arkhangelsk, kepha ngokomlando zihlotshaniswa neKarelia futhi zitholakala emingceleni yezokuphatha yasenyakatho e-White Sea. Indlela emfushane eya eSolovki isendaweni nje yasegudle u-Karelian, futhi iningi lemizila yabavakashi eKarelia ifaka ukuvakasha esiqhingini saseSolovetsky.
Itholakala eduzane ne-Arctic Circle futhi ifaka iziqhingi ezinkulu eziyisithupha futhi icishe ibe ikhulu noma ngaphansi. Ugu lweSolovki luhle ngokuhlukile: luhlaba umxhwele abahambi ngokufakwa edwaleni olwandle, okufana nezindonga ezonakalisiwe zamadolobha asendulo, umucu omkhulu wezinqwaba zamahlathi ahlanganisiwe namachibi asakazeke phakathi kwawo.
I-archipelago inesimo sendawo evikelwe ngokukhethekile, umlando, izakhiwo nokwakha imnyuziyamu yemvelo.
ILabyrinths esiqhingini esikhulu saseSogo Zayatsky Solovetsky, eKarelia
Ubunjiniyela bokwakhiwa kwesigcinimagugu, obusekelwe eSolovetsky Monastery, bubhalwe njengeSayithi Lamagugu Omhlaba le-UNESCO.
Okudume kakhulu phakathi kweziqhingi zeziqhingi zesiqhingi iBig Solovetsky Island. Kulapha lapho okuwukuphela kwendawo yedolobhana leziqhingi kanye nokubona okungokomlando, okungokomoya kanye nemvelo komnyuziyamu: kutholakala indawo yezindela uqobo, isigodlo sezindela sase-Ascension esiqongweni saseSekirnaya Hill, indawo yezindela yaseSavvatievsky, kanye nogwadule lwase-Isaakov, Filipov naseMakariyev.
Isiqhingi Esikhulu
Eminye imidwebo ephakeme ye-Solovetsky Monastery - ama-hermitages, ogwadule, kanye ne-Stone labyrinths akhiwe eziqhingini zeBolshaya Muksalma, Anzer kanye nesiqhingi iBig Zayatsky.
ISolovetsky Monastery, okungenye yezikhungo ezinkulu kakhulu ngokomoya nangamasiko eRussia, yasungulwa ngekhulu le-15 yizindela zaseZosima naseJalimane.Isigodlo sezindela saziwa ngeqhaza laso elivelele emlandweni wokuqiniswa kombuso waseRussia ezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
Ukuhlangana kwezakhiwo zezindela kufaka izakhiwo zemivubukulo zangesikhathi sangaphambi kobuKristu, iGrandose Kremlin - inqaba enamandla eyakhiwe kusuka emadwaleni asendle, amabhilidi amatshe amhlophe anamatshe amhlophe, uhlelo lwemisele eyenziwe ngabantu ehlanganisa amachibi esiqhingi, insimu yasendulo yezolimo.
Ngama-20s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, amaBolsheviks abheka ukwakhiwa kwesigodlo njengendawo efanelekayo yokuhlela izindawo zokuboshwa kwezigebengu nezakhamuzi "ezingathembekile". Kufanele kuthiwe izigebengu kanye nabahlubuki bahlukaniswe ezindongeni zeSolovetsky Monastery. Kepha ngenkathi emakhulwini amane edlule, iziboshwa ezingaba ngu-300 zikhubazeke lapha, esikhathini esingaphansi kwamashumi amabili eminyaka, abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu bavakashele iziboshwa zaseSolovetsky Special More Camp Camp, iningi labo elingakaze lishiya iSolovki. Umlotha wabo uphumula emathuneni amaningi angenagama.
Ngo-1990, iSolovetsky Monastery yabuya esibayeni seSonto Lobu-Orthodox, kancane kancane yabuyisela indima yayo empilweni engokomoya yaseRussia. Ukubona isakhiwo esihle sezindela esimbozwe izinganekwane, amashumi ezinkulungwane zezihambi nezivakashi ziza lapha minyaka yonke.
Kulula kakhulu ukufika eziqhingini zaseSolovetsky kusuka emadolobheni aseKem naseBelomorsk.
Imikhumbi yezimoto isuka endaweni eya edolobhaneni laseRabocheostrovsk, eliqhele ngamakhilomitha ayi-12 ukusuka eKemi, kabili ngosuku kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Izindleko zamathikithi okuya endaweni eyodwa ama-ruble ayi-1,500 kumuntu omdala, ama-ruble angama-750 ezingane kusuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwengu-10, ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu - ukuhamba kuyinto mahhala. Isikhathi sokuhamba amahora angama-2.
Izindleko ezifanayo zamathikithi abagibeli abahambela eSolovetsky Islands besuka ethekwini lokudoba eBelomorsk. Umkhumbi wezimoto, undiza nsuku zonke kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba, usendleleni amahora amane, ebhodini kunamabhasi angama-4 athwala abagibeli, ikhefi, ideski lokuhamba ngisho nomtapo wezincwadi.
URuskeala Marble Canyon, uKarelia
Embusweni wemvelo yasenyakatho
UKarelia luhlobo lokugcina lwendawo. Kutholakale umlando we-geological of North Europe kulomhlaba onamaphaphu. Lapha ungabona imiphumela yezinhlekelele ezakha ubuso beplanethi kudala ngaphambi kokuvela kwabantu. Amathafa endawo, agcina inkumbulo yokuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeka kuqala, ukuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo, ukuwa kwezulu ezinkulu, kwenza umfutho omkhulu kubavakashi, futhi abafundi beminyango yezokuma komhlaba beza kulezi zingxenye ukuzofunda imidwebo yamaqhwa aqala ukuvela kuleli lizwekazi evela eNorth Sea. Uquqaba olukhulu kakhulu lweqhwa olwancibilika cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyi-12 eyedlule lashiya “amakhadi abo avakashelwayo” lapha - amatshe amakhulu amakhulu, amatshe amakhulu ajulile emadwaleni, neziphephe zamatshe, njengokungathi aqoqwe ngebhakede likanombolo omkhulu. Konke lokhu kuguqulwa kwesithinic komhlaba womhlaba kuveze ukubekwa okuningi kwamaminerali asizayo ngisho namatshe ayigugu.
Cishe isigamu seKarelia simbozwe amahlathi, ingxenye yesine yendawo yaso ihlalwa amachibi amaningi. Isimo sendawo sigcizelelwa ngamawa nangamawuka amnandi ambozwe nge-moss.
Umcebo omkhulu wemvelo kaKarelia ihlathi. Amahlathi e-taiga acwebile futhi axubile ayindawo yokuhlala kwamahlumela, amabhere, izimpisi, ama-lynxes, ama-moose, izingulube zasendle, nezinyoni zezilwane ezingaba ngu-270.
I-brown Bear Reindeer Beavers I-Elk Poisonous Tooth Mushroom
Ngaphansi kombhalo oluhlaza wezihlahla zikaphayini, ama-blueberries, ama-lingonberry, ama-rosemary, ama-crowberry, amakhambi asehlathini kanye nama-mosses akhula ngokugqamile, phakathi kwawo kukhona amaningi okwelapha. Lezi zihlahla zikaphayini ziyizindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokukha ama-ceps. I-Willow, i-bird cherry, i-mountain ash, i-juniper, i-alder, kufaka phakathi nezinhlobo ezibalulekile ngokhuni olumnyama, zikhula endaweni engaphansi.
Omunye umuthi ongaziwa - i-Karelian birch - utholakala ezindaweni ezincane emahlathini esifunda eseningizimu yezwe.Lesi isihlahla esiphansi, esingaqashelwa isiqu esingalingani se-tubered noma ribbed - okungenye yezinhlobo zezihlahla ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Isici saso esiyingqayizivele ngokhuni oluhle oluhle kakhulu. Imikhiqizo evela kuKarelian birch ihlobisa zombili izindlu ezilula zakwaKarelian nezigodlo zomhlaba ezaziwa kakhulu.
Kukhona imifula eyizinkulungwane ezingama-27 eKarelia, namachibi angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-60. Ngokombono ongokomfanekiso, umkhaya ngamunye wakwaKareli ungowakhe ichibi. Othile "uthole" uLadoga, nomuntu - "umnikazi" we-lambushka - njengoba abakwaKareli bebiza amachibi amahlathi ngaphandle kwemithombo.
Uhlelo lwasemfuleni lwamachibi kuleli luhlukile: asikho isilinganiselo somhlaba namanzi wamanzi kwenye indawo.
ILadoga (17.7 000 km²) kanye namachibi i-Onega (9.9 000 km²), iningi lawo elisendaweni yaseRiphabhlikhi yaseKarelia, amakhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu. Okumangalisa ukuthi kukhona iziqhingi ezisenyakatho zalezi amachibi - iziqhingi zaseKizhi naseLadoga - iziqhingi ezinamadwala zihlukaniswe yizingxenyana ezithile futhi zakha iziqhingi.
Imifula emikhulu yeKarelia yiVodla, Vyg, Kovda, Kem, Suna, Shuya. Izindawo zokugcina izidumbu zikaKarelian - indawo yezinhlanzi ezingama-60, kubandakanya i-whitefish, i-pikeperch, i-trout, i-salmon, i-pike, i-bream, i-burbot.
Ukushona kwelanga eLake Ladoga
IRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelia inodwa kuphela olwandle olusenyakatho yeRussia - uLwandle Olumhlophe. Ezikhathini zasendulo lalibizwa ngokuthi “iSerpent's Bay” ngenxa yolwandle olugobekile, olwandle. Ugu oluhle olunamadwala, lumbozwe amahlathi amahle anqumayo futhi anomoya omnandi, umoya opholayo, ukudoba okuhle kakhulu okuhehisa ama-romantics, ama-yachtsmen, abadobi-abasubathi emidlalweni yogu lolwandle olunolaka. Ngeshwa, ukuphumula lapha kutholakala kuphela ehlobo elifushane, kepha onyakeni omningi ulwandle luhlanganiswa yiqhwa.
Ukuhamba eKarelia kungcono kakhulu ehlobo noma ebusika, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka isimo sezulu asisihleki, ngoba insimu ye-republic isendaweni yesiphepho. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, ukuhanjiswa kuhlelekile lapha, futhi ngalesi sikhathi kuhle ukubona izinto, eziningi zazo ezisegumbini elithi "zasendle" kunokuba. Okunye okugqamile ngamaholide ehlobo eKarelia ubusuku obumhlophe, ngoJuni ilanga alishisi amahora angama-22 ngosuku.
Ihlobo kuKarelia livame ukuphola: ngoJulayi, enyakatho ye-republic, ngokwesilinganiso se-1414,, ezifundeni eziseningizimu - cishe +18 ° С, kodwa lapha, kwenzeka, ukushisa kubusa amasonto angama-2-3, futhi izinga lokushisa lingadlula +30 ° C. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uzilungiselele ukufisela imvelo okunjalo okufana nezimvula ezinde - ehlobo azijwayelekile.
Esikhathini sasebusika, isimo sezulu singaba futhi se-moody. Ubusika bukaKarelian bungabizwa ngokuthi buthambile (izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lezinyanga ezibandisa kakhulu cishe liba ngu-13 ° C), kepha kuhlala kunethuba lokuthi iqhwa lishaye futhi izinga lokushisa lehle liye ku-35 ° C.
Mount Vottovaara
Engxenyeni ephakathi republic, amakhilomitha angama-20 eningizimu-mpumalanga yedolobhana laseSukkozero, kunendawo etholakalayo yokwentaba - iMount Vottovaara, indawo ephakeme kakhulu eNtshonalanga Karelian Upland (amamitha angama-417).
Abantu bendawo babiza le ndawo yamandla okufa i-Mountain Mountain futhi bayibheka njengengosi yomunye umhlaba - imiphumela emangazayo kumishini kagesi, imvelo, nomzimba womuntu kuyabonakala lapha. Ukuthula okubule, kanye nokubonakala okucindezelayo kwengqondo egobile, ephuke umoya futhi yaba mnyama emva kwezihlahla zomlilo kuqinisa umuzwa omubi.
Ngo-1978, kwatholakala inkimbinkimbi yamakamelo asendulo okukholwa kule ntaba - amatshe ahlanganisiwe asezindongeni ahlelwe ngamaqembu. Ngasikhathi sinye, amabhlogo amakhulu alala kwabancane, okudala umbono wamatshe emilenzeni.
Futhi eVottovaar kunesitebhisi esingaqondakali esibhakabhakeni - izinyathelo eziyi-13 ezibaziweyo edwaleni, eziphelela kwalasha.
INtaba iKivakkatunturi
Itholakala ePanaanajärvi National Park, esifundeni saseLouja. Ukuphakama kwentaba kungamamitha angama-499, negama lihunyushwa kusuka eFinland ngokuthi "owesimame wamatshe" - phezulu kunezinto eziningi zokuthungwa, esinye sazo esifana nekhanda lowesalukazi.
Ukukhuphukela eKivakka kulula impela futhi kuthatha amahora angama-1-2 - ngaphezu kwendlela egxishwe kahle ukuze kube lula izivakashi, kubekwa izingodo zokhuni.Ngesikhathi ukhuphuka, ungabona izindawo ezisesimweni sendawo ebonakalayo kulezi zindawo - amachibi alengayo namachibi amade okulele alele emithambekeni yezintaba futhi afakazela okuqukethwe kwedwala.
Ubuhle bePaanajärvi Park bubonakala ngokusobala kusukela esiphakeme esivulekile. Le ndawo iba yinhle ngokwedlule kokuqala kwekwindla, lapho izitshalo zidweba intaba ngemibala ephuzi nokubomvu.
I-Paanajärvi National Park
Eduze kwe-Arctic Circle, emngceleni weKarelia neFinland neSifunda saseMurmansk, endaweni eyihektare eyizinkulungwane ezingama-104, iPananajärvi National Park isakazekile. Abahambi bakhangwa yileli banga elikude ngamahlathi ezintombi nto, ahlala engxenyeni enkulu yepaki, umoya ohlanzekile ehlathini, amanzi acwebile emifula namachibi nethuba lokuba yedwa ngendalo.
Esiqiwini ungakhuphukela esiqongweni seNtaba iNuorunen - indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke yaseKarelia (576.7 m), uqhubeke nohambo oluya echibini elincane kodwa elijulile lamanzi iPaanayavari (124 m), elifihlwe echibini elijulile, uncoma ukubukwa koMfula i-Olanga ngokuhlaselwa kwawo okumangazayo Impophoma yaseKivakkakoski, ehlanganisa imidwebo eyisikhombisa. Kunezimpophoma ezintathu ezijabulisayo lapha - iMutkakoski, Mäntyukoski, Selkjakoski, nayo efanele ukunakwa.
Kubavakashi abasepaki babeka imizila yemvelo, efakwe amabhuloho ngemifudlana nangamachibi. Izimpawu nezibonakaliso zolwazi zizokuqondisa lapho uhamba khona.
Lapha ungaqasha indlu eyenziwe ngamapulangwe (ngaphandle kwezinsizakusebenza) ngesitofu, ngamabhanisi, egcekeni uzothola indawo yomlilo, ikhempisi nezinkuni, amabhulashi, izimbazo.
I-Paanajärvi National Park
Amatende futhi, okuyiqiniso, izindawo zokugeza zilapha izivakashi. Kukhona indawo yokupaka (izimoto azivunyelwe kwezinye izindawo). Ungaqasha isikebhe sezimoto, i-kayak, imoto yeqhwa.
Hamba eLake Paanayavari
Eduzane nedolobhana lasePyaozersky, lapho kusebenza khona isikhungo sezivakashi. Lapha ungathola imvume yokudoba, ukukhetha amajikijolo namakhowe, ukuhamba ngeLake Paanayavari ngesikebhe noma ngesikebhe sokhuni "Nadezhda".
Ukuzingela, ukugibela imifula, kanye nokuqoqwa kwezitshalo zokwelapha akuvunyelwe epaki. Amaminerali namatshe ngeke futhi kwenziwe lapha.
Le ndawo yokulondolozwa kwemvelo ayinawo ugesi nokuxhumana kumaselula.
IRuskeala Mountain Park (iMarble Canyon)
Isisekelo sale ndawo yabavakashi esifundeni saseSortavala seKarelia siyindawo yemabula yangaphambili. Amabhulokhi avinjelwe lapha asetshenziselwa ukugcwala izigodlo namakamelo eSt. Petersburg namanye amadolobha aseRussia. Manje lezi zibazi seziphenduke izitsha zemabula ezenziwe umuntu ezigcwele amanzi acwebile futhi zinqunywe ngohlelo lwezimayini nokuvumelana okufana nemhume nemfihlakalo engaqondakali.
Ipaki yezintaba ingamamitha angama-450 ubude namamitha ayi-100 ububanzi. Ifakwe izivakashi - izindlela zabahamba ngezinyawo ziyahlanzwa, kuyakhiwa amapulatifomu okubuka, kukhona indawo yokupaka izimoto, ukuqashwa kwesikebhe. Kusuka emanzini ukuthi ukubukwa okuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu kwamadwala azungezile, kuze kufike kumamitha angama-20 ukuphakama, kuvulekile. Futhi esikebheni ungabhukuda nge-grotto yemabula futhi ujabulele ukubabaza okungajwayelekile kwamanzi kumakhonkco agqamile.
Izindonga Zemabula Canyon
Akukhathaleki kangako ukuthi yizimayini nokuvumelana kwe-wedry, lapho ungathola khona ngokuvakasha okuqondisiwe. Iningi lale migede laligcwele izikhukhula, kodwa futhi lomile - izinga lokushisa lomoya liphezulu, kuyaqina ukuzwela okubandayo lapha.
Ngama-acoustics ayo ahlukile, enye yalezi grottoes ibizwa ngeMusical. Kodwa-ke, okuthakazelisa kakhulu yiCave of Ukwehluleka, ophahleni lapho kwakhiwa khona umgodi olinganisa 20 ngamamitha angama-30. Elinye igama lesehluleki yiHholo le-Mountain King noma i-Ice Cave, kungcono ukwehlela kulo ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho ukugoqwa kwamanzi okungamamitha angama-30 e-grotto kufihlwe ngaphansi kweqhwa. Amaconsi avela emaphethweni akha ama-stalactites amaningi nama-stalagmites, ubuhle bawo buqokonyiswa ngokugqamisa.
IVodlozersky National Park
EVodlozersky National Park, enikezwe isimo sokugcinwa kwemvelo ngesinqumo se-UNESCO, isivakashi ngasinye singachitha isikhathi ngokuya ngemibono yaso ngokuphumula. Amathambo wohambo lokuzijabulisa lokuzijabulisa angakwazi ukuhlala ezindlini ezipholile ezisakazeke osebeni lwechibi noma lomfula, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile athathe uhambo lokuhamba ngesikebhe oluya eziqhingini zaseVodlozero, ancoma amabanga angenamkhawulo weVodlozero, asakazeka ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esiphakeme. Ngesikhathi sohambo, ungavakashela amadolobhana akhiwe eziqhingini anomlando wakudala, lapho namuhla amasiko asendulo abahlali bendawo avuselelwa khona, futhi ukubukeka kwasendulo kubuyiselwa kumathempeli asendulo.
Abathandi bemisebenzi yangaphandle bangaqhubeka nemigwaqo ebekwe ngokukhethekile yokuhamba ngezinyawo nokuhamba nge-ski, banikeza nokuphepha kwe-snowmobile kanye nokudoba imidlalo.
Ingcwele u-Elijah Vodlozero Desert Vodlozero
Izimpophoma zaseRuskeale (ama-Akhvensky Waterfalls)
Eduzane nedolobhana laseRuskeala, lapho umfula iTohmajoki uhlukaniswe khona waba ngamagatsha amaningana, kuneziphephe zamanzi ezine. Ukuwa kusuka emaphethelweni e-stony ngamamitha angama-3-4 ukuphakama, amagwebu anamanzi anombala we-kvass nezindimbane.
Indawo ezungezile igcwele umxhwele, kunamachweba okhuni, i-cafe, isitolo sezipho. Kwake kwenzeka lapho kulezi zindawo kwenziwa amafilimu athi "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", "The Dark World", manje eMfuleni iTokhmayoki, anqoba izimpophoma zamanzi, enza i-rafting in kayaks (kayaks).
I-Kalevala National Park
IKalevala National Park eyingqayizivele yadalelwa ukugcina inqwaba yamahlathi emvelo kanye nemvelo yamasiko emvelo, osekuyindawo lapho isigcawu sendabuko yomhlaba uKarelian eposiso uKalevala sikhula khona.
Isimo sendawo sifana ne-mosaic eyenziwe ngamapulangwe, amachibi namachibi, elikhulu kunayo yonke iLake Lapukka, lapho kwakudotshwa khona izinhlanzi namakhulu eminyaka izinhlanzi. Lapha ungabona izindlu zentuthu izinhlanzi ezitshalwe emhlabathini, imisele yemithi yokuhlanza ama-martens.
Lesi siqiwu sihlalwa ngamabhere, futhi ehlobo ungabuka ama-reindeer namawundlu awo, ehambisa ngendlela eceleni komfula.
I-body Archipelago
Iqembu leziqhingi ezincane ezingama-16 oLwandle Olumhlophe, eduze nedolobha laseKem. Ukuze kulondolozwe ukwakheka okungafani nokwehlukahlukana kwezitshalo nezilwane, i-Kuzova state landservation reservation yadalwa lapha. Manje ngokuhambela izivakashi kunezindawo ezikhethekile eziqhingini ezi-3 - Umzimba waseRussia, Umzimba WaseJalimane kanye neChernetskiy.
Ngaphezu ubuhle bemvelo ezungezile, lesi siqhingi sikhanga ngobuningi bokusiza, ama-labyrinths, amasayithi asendulo abantu be-Mesolithic ne-Bronze Ages, kanye nezakhiwo zenkolo. Lezi ziqhingi zigcwele izinganekwane eziningi futhi namanje ziyimfihlakalo kososayensi bezomlando kanye nabomvubukuli.
Gcina i- "Kivach"
Engxenyeni eseningizimu yeKarelia kune-Kivach reservation - yona endala kunayo yonke eRussia. 85% wesifunda sayo uhlala amahlathi avikelwe ngokukhethekile, ukuzingela nokudoba akuvunyelwe lapha, kepha ungathatha amakhowe namajikijolo ukuze uwasebenzise (ukuqoqwa kwentengiso kuyenqatshelwe lapha).
Lesi siqiwi siqanjwe ngegama lempophoma, okukhonze ngayo amakhulu eminyaka abahambi kulezi zindawo ngobuhle baso. Lapho usondela ekujuleni kwamanzi, uzobona ukuthi amanzi oMfula iSuna, aqhuma kanjani emadwaleni ase-basalt lapho egeleza kuwo, aphonswa kusukela kumamitha ayisishiyagalombili ukuphakama ngomfudlana osindayo, akha isivunguvungu esikhulu.
Namuhla lesi simangaliso semvelo siyisikhangi esiyinhloko saleli ndawo futhi siyingxenye yezinhlelo eziphambili zokuvakasha kuKarelia.
Impophoma ingesibongo sayo kumbongi odumile waseRussia nakuKarelian wokuqala (ngaleso sikhathi - u-Olonets) uGavriil Derzhavin, ngemuva kokuhambela le ndawo wabhala i-ode, ayibiza nge- "Waterfall". Ngaphandle kwemigqa yokuqala yomsebenzi: "Kuthunyelwa intaba idayimane," ayikho nencazelo eyodwa yempophoma yaseKivach namuhla ephelele.
UMbusi u-Alexander II wahlonipha ukugcotshwa kwamanzi ngokuba khona kwakhe. Ngesikhathi evakashele eKivach bavele indlela.Kwakhiwa ibhuloho ngaphesheya kweSuna, ngaphansi komfula wamanzi, kumvakashi ohlonishwayo, futhi eduze komfula wamanzi uqobo, ohlangothini lwesokunene, kwakune-gazebo nendlu yokuhlala.
Ukuvakashela ukuna kwamanzi, kanye neMnyuziyamu Wezemvelo kanye ne-arboretum yendawo yokugcina kuyokubiza ama-ruble ayi-150 (ukungena mahhala mahhala ezinganeni, izingane zesikole nakubafundi). Kulolo hambo kuzodingeka ukhokhe ama-ruble angama-65 angeziwe.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuvakasha kule ndawo ebekelwe ubusika, ngakho abasebenzi bemnyuziyamu balungiselela uhlelo olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi “Izinganekwane Zehlathi Eligcinelwe Isikhathi” ebusika. Kubandakanya ukusebenza kwaseshashalazini emoyeni ovulekile, imidlalo, imincintiswano, ukugibela kwabadlali. Ezinganeni - iphathi letiye noSanta Claus, umhlangano namaqhawe wezinganekwane, izipho ezimnandi.
Izindleko zokuya kumbukiso wamahora amabili ngama-ruble angama-350.
Indawo yokudlela yase-Marcial Waters Resort
Amakhilomitha angama-54 enyakatho yenhlokodolobha yeKarelia iyindawo yokuqala yaseRussia "amanzi aseMarcial". Yasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVIII ngomyalo kaPeter I.
Amandla okuphulukisa amithombo yamaminerali we-glandular, ngesisekelo lapho i-resort yakhelwe khona, yaziwa kubantu bendawo isikhathi eside, kwathi ngo-1719 izakhiwo zezokwelapha zamanzi zaqinisekiswa ngezifundo zodokotela basenkantolo.
Umbusi, ephelezelwa yisidumbu sakhe, waphinda weza lapha ukuzokwelashwa. Ngokuhambela kwakhe kokuqala, kwakhiwa izigodlo ezintathu zokhuni kanye nesakhiwo esikhulu esinamakamelo amabili, eduze kwephaseji ende ongaya kuyo iziphethu.
Kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi kokuvukelwa kwezinguquko, amabheshu akhiwe ngaphezulu kweziphethu nokwakhiwa kweBandla likaPeter noPaul kulondolozwe lapha. Ngokwesisekelo sabo ngo-1946 kwaqalwa iMyuziyamu yoMlando yenkundla yokuqala yaseRussia ethi “Amanzi Amanzi”.
ISonto le-Holy Apostle Peter House lomnakekeli wemithombo etholakala emnyuziyamu iMarcial Waters
Namuhla, ungachitha nesikhathi lapha nezinzuzo zempilo. Indawo yanamuhla yokulungiswa kwe-balneological resort “Marcial Waters” iyinkimbinkimbi enkulu yezempilo enyakatho neRussia, lapho kunezikhungo ezine-hydropathic ezilungiselelwe kahle, izihlambi zodaka ezinokuphulukisa udaka lweGabozero, i-physiotherapy neminye iminyango.
I-sanatorium izungezwe ihlathi, iziza ezintathu zazo ezihlukile: indawo yokuhlala yezilwane zasendle lapho kukhula khona uKarelian birch, ihlathi le-elm kanye nehlathi eliqabile elinezihlahla ezinkulu ezingama-linden.
Amaholide asebenzayo eKarelia
I-expanses yeKarelia iyipharadesi labahambi abathanda ukuthokoziswa futhi bafuna ukwazi okubonakalayo ngamakona angaziwa oMhlaba, kanye nabadobi, abazingeli kanye nabathandi bezemidlalo abangena lapha abavela kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia namazwe asenyakatho angomakhelwane.
Lapho kusetshenzelwa abantu abahamba ngokweqile nabavakashi abathanda imisebenzi yangaphandle - izimoto ezihamba ngezinyawo nezikebhe, ama-ATV, amabhayisekili angekho emgaqweni, izimoto zeqhwa, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane. Imizila yokugibela emfuleni, ukugibela amahhashi, izindlela zokushushuluza, ukushushuluza ama-skinks, amasimu we-paintball kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zokuzingela izilwane zasendle sekwenzelwe zona.
ILake Onega, izikebhe zaseLadoga, iSandal, iSegozero, namachibi aseKeret - imizimba yamanzi lapho izindlela zamanzi zezivakashi zihamba ngama-kayaks, izikebhe, izikebhe, ama-yachts adlula.
I-adventure ethokozisayo nejabulisayo - ukugibela emifuleni yeKarelia. Izivakashi ezifuna ukufikelwa yithemba zigibela kuma-catamaran, kuma-kayaks, kuma-rafts - emafudlaneni amancane ancishisayo. Wabasaqalayo bahlinzekwa ngemizila elula, emifushane (amahora angama-3-5), imvamisa eceleni komfula iShuya, ngokunqoba ama-rapids alula aphela ngepikinikini ene- "gramu eyi-100" efanele. Lokhu kuzijabulisa okwedlulele kuzokubiza okungenani ama-ruble angama-3,100.
UJeep uhambela eKarelia
Ukuze uthole indlela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ende (kusuka ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa), okubandakanya ukunqoba inani elikhulu lama-rapids nezimpophoma, kuyodingeka ukhokhe kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-7000.
Ukuhamba ngemifula yeKarelia
Ukuhamba ngomfula imifula yaseMba naseKeret nokufinyelela oLwandle Olumhlophe, lapho ukwazi ukuthokozela ukuguqula imvelo futhi ubambe nezinhlanzi ngezikhathi zokunqobelana nokudlwengulwa, kuzodinga ukuthi uhlukane nenani lama-ruble ayi-10,000 noma ngaphezulu.
Izindlela ezihamba phambili zokuhamba ngamabhayisekili zidlula amachibi i-Onega neLadoga, eLadoga, eningizimu naseMiddle Karelia.
Isikhathi sebusika yisikhathi sokushushuluza nokuhamba ngeqhwa, okwenza sikwazi ukuvakashela ukubona okungafinyeleleki kweKarelia, ngokwesibonelo, eZaonezhie, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ukujabulela ngokugcwele ubuhle obumangalisayo beqhwa elineqhwa laseKarelian.
Iningi lemizila ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi umuntu ojwayele ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba akwazi ukuhamba ngayo: amaphuzu wokuma okuhleliwe anikezwa lapha, lapho ungaphumula khona udle. Uma uqhubeke nohambo olude, uzohlala unethuba lokuhlala kwesinye sezikhungo zokuzijabulisa noma ezindlini zezivakashi eziseceleni komzila wakho.
Ebusika, uKarelia ubuye ahehe abalandeli bemidlalo esebenzayo.
Phakathi kohambo oluthakazelisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sasebusika ukuhamba kohambo lweqhwa ezintabeni eziseqhwa zeqhwa ezintabeni zamachibi aseKarelian.
Ukuhamba okufanayo okuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu okunqoba izithiyo zeqhwa kuzokusa kwesinye seziqhingi esidumile saseKarelia - isiqhingi saseKizhi. Uhambo lwezinsuku ezimbili lwe-snowmobile olusuka ePetrozavodsk luya eKizhi ngobusuku obubodwa ehhotela luzodla ama-ruble angama-26,400.
Ukudla kukaKarelian
Kusukela ezikhumbuzweni zesikhathi eside, abakwaKareli babheka izinhlanzi njengesidlova esihlonishwa kakhulu. Okudume kakhulu yinhlanzi echibini, okuyinto kuKarelia ehamba ebambe inyama, ethosiwe, enosawoti, eyomile, eyomile futhi entsha. Okokuqala, izifundo zesibili zilungiselelwe kusuka kulo, zengezwe kumasaladi.
Isitsha esidume kakhulu sikaKarelia yindlebe, okufanele usizame. Lapha ibizwa nge- "Kalaruokka". Awukwazi ukubala izindlela zokupheka zalo, kodwa kuphekwe kakhulu isobho lezinhlanzi kusuka ku-whitefish, engeza ubisi, ukhilimu, ibhotela kuye.
Isitshulu sendabuko, esiphekwe enyameni yenhlanzi emhlophe, kumenyu yokudlela ibizwa nge- "Calakeitto". Isobho lenhlanzi ebomvu (isalimoni) inketho yemikhosi, ibizwa nge- “Lohikeitto” futhi idume umhlaba wonke. Lesi sidlo, ngenxa yokungezelelwa ukhilimu, sinambitheka kahle kakhulu we-velvety futhi asinawo iphunga lezinhlanzi. Endaweni yokudlela enhle, lokhu kuphatha kuzokubiza cishe ama-ruble angama-800.
Indlebe kaKarelian ivame ukudliwa ngesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, kepha ukulinganiselwa kwezitsha eziphambili lapha akukuhle kangako. Kakhulu phakathi kwabo - imikhiqizo evela ku-rye nefulawa kakolweni, amazambane nazo zonke izinhlobo zamabele. Ama-pancake kanye nama-tortilla enhlama engenamvubelo ayenziwa ngamapharafini, amazambane abunjiwe, ngokunambitheka kwawo ngomusa ngebhotela.
Amaphayi anezinhlamvu namaphayi wezinhlanzi aziwa kakhulu eKarelia, inhlama entsha eyenzelwe ufulawa we-rye.
Izitsha ezinambitheka zilungiswa lapha kusuka enyameni yezilwane zasendle - inyamazane, inkalankala, ibhere nemikhiqizo yehlathi - amakhowe, amajikijolo. Qiniseka ukuthi uzama iziphuzo zezithelo ze-berry zasendaweni, i-kvass, notshwala obumnandi. Kufanele futhi uzenzele u-Karelian uju omnandi.
Indawo yokudlela ehamba phambili eRiphabhlikhi yaseKarelia, esebenza izitsha zikazwelonke, yiKarelian Chamber, enkabeni yePetrozavodsk. Abaningi bayibize nokuheha idolobha.
Ezindaweni ezikude zaseKarelia, njengomthetho, izindawo zokudlela ezincane zisenkonzweni yezivakashi, lapho, noma kunjalo, kunoma yisiphi isifunda sezivakashi, kuphakanyiswa okudla kwamazwe aphesheya: ukudla kwasendaweni, kwendabuko yaseYurophu, isiRussia, isiNtaliyane, iMpumalanga, iMexico, ukudla okusheshayo. Amanani ancike ekilasini lesikhungo nokukhethwa kwezitsha, isidlo sasemini senhliziyo noma isidlo sakusihlwa kuzobiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500 kuye kwangama-3000.
Ukuhlala kuphi
Ukuhlala eKarelia kunama-nuances ayo. Amahhotela amakhulu angatholakala enhlokodolobha. Lapha osomabhizinisi nabavakashi bayamisa, abakhethe iPetrozavodsk njengesisekelo, futhi ukusuka lapha baqhubeka nohambo. Kunamahhotela we-premium lapho kufanele ukhokhe khona amashumi ezinkulungwane zama-ruble ngosuku, kepha ungathola ihotela elishibhile - cishe ama-ruble angama-2000 ngosuku, noma ukhethe eyodwa yama-motels - cishe ama-ruble ayi-1000 ngosuku.
Ihhotela elilodwa lase-Onego Palace ePetrozavodsk Hotel North
Ngokuyisisekelo, izivakashi zithanda ukuhlala kwizindawo zabavakashi ezikhona emvelweni. Njengeholide eliphakeme, ungakhetha amasayithi wekamu abekwe ngqo endaweni yezindawo zemvelo noma ezikhumbuzweni zomlando. Futhi inketho yesabelomali kakhulu kuKarelia ukuchitha ubusuku ematendeni ezindaweni eziklanyelwe iholidi elinjalo.
Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo zabavakashi zinentengo ebanzi yamakamelo ukusuka esigabeni somnotho kuya kunokunethezeka.
Idolobhana lase-Aleksandrovka liyindawo yesimanjemanje yokuzilibazisa ekhululekile
Enye yezindawo ezinkulu zamahhotela eKarelia itholakala edolobhaneni lase-Aleksandrovka (50 km ukusuka ePetrozavodsk) futhi isogwini lwePethelizere. Kude buduze nalo kunezindawo ezimbili ezikhangayo - iKivach Nature Reserve kanye neMarcial Waters resort. Isakhiwo sihlanganisa ihotela nezindawo eziningi zokuhlala. Izindleko zokuhlala egumbini elinethezekile lamahhotela angama-ruble angama-2500 ngosuku (ngamabili). Usuku olusendlini enhle yokunethezeka luzodla ama-ruble angama-6400. (ezine).
Indawo yezivakashi ebizwa ngokuthi “I-13th Cordon” iheha abahambi nendawo yayo ogwini lweLake Ladoga. Lapha ungahlala emakamelweni wezindlu ezimbili, uhlukaniswe ngezigaba "ezomnotho" (kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1500 ngomuntu / ngosuku) kanye "nokunethezeka" (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-2000 ngomuntu / ngosuku).
Indawo epharadesi lapho ungazizwa ubumbano ngokuphelele nemvelo kaKarelia ibizwa ngokuthi indawo yekamu leKanapelka, elisogwini lweRasinselka Strait. Inikezela ngemishini yokudotshwa kwabavakashi, indlu yokugeza, isikebhe, indawo yomlilo yekamu efakwe konke okudingekayo. Ungathatha amajikijolo namakhowe khona lapho, futhi uzondliwa lapha ngemikhiqizo evela epulazini lakho le-eco. Izindleko zokuhlala endlini kanokusho zivela kuma-ruble ayi-6,000 kuya kwangama-9,000 ngosuku.
Muva nje, la mapulazi abizwa ngokuthi athandwayo. Elinye lazo ipulazi lakwaKarelian, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi indawo yokuhlala yabesilisa. Abadobi be-Avid bathanda ukuhlala lapha. Zonke izimo zenzelwe bona, futhi le ndawo ngokwayo itholakala ehlathini likaphayini osebeni lomfula iSyapsi, hhayi kude nedamu elikhulu - iSyamozero. Inikeza izivakashi - izindlu zezivakashi ezinazo zonke izinsiza kanye nokupaka kwangasese. Izindleko zokuphila zisukela kuma-ruble ayi-3000 / ngosuku.
UKarelia - esinye sezifunda ezinhle kakhulu zaseRussia, izwe lamahlathi esiga, amachibi nezikhumbuzo zasendulo uKarelia - izwe lobuhle obungakaze bubonwe
Ungafika kanjani lapho
Isikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu saseKarelia sitholakala kumakhilomitha ayi-12 ukusuka ePetrozavodsk futhi siqanjwa ngegama lomuzi (igama lakudala iBesovets). Kuthatha izindiza ezivela emadolobheni ahlukene eRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Izindleko zokundiza endizeni eMoscow - Petrozavodsk ziqala kuma-ruble angama-3,600, isikhathi sokuhamba yihora eli-1 imizuzu engama-30 - ihora eli-1 imizuzu. Isikhumulo sezindiza samukela izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, futhi namapulatifomu akhiwe emadolobheni amancane aseKarelia nawo ahlomele wona.
Ujantshi wesitimela udabula insimu yeKarelia usuka eningizimu uye enyakatho. Izitimela ezisuka eSt. Petersburg zaya ePetrozavodsk zilandela iKarelian Isthmus kanye neziteshi zaseNyakatho iLadoga. Isitimela iSt. Petersburg - IKostomuksha izokuhambisa entshonalanga ye-republic.
ECarelia, ukutholakala kwamabhasi kuthuthukiswe kahle. Kunemizila eya eSt. Petersburg, Novgorod, Vologda nakwamanye amadolobha.
Umgwaqo omkhulu odlula esifundeni saseKarelia umgwaqo omkhulu iSt. Petersburg - Murmansk. Indlela yomgwaqo inesembozo esihle, kodwa imigwaqo yesibili imvama imele i-prumper enkulu.
Flora kaKarelia
Izici zezimbali zikaKarelian, okokuqala, endaweni okuhlala kuyo republic. Ingxenye eyinhloko yezwe yezitshalo yasungulwa esikhathini se-postglacial. Izitshalo ezikhombisa uphawu lwe-tundra zikhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasezintabeni eziphakemeyo: ama-mosses, ama-lichens, ama-spruce amancanyana kanye ne-birch.
Kepha iningi republic lihlala amahlathi e-coniferous. Eduze nenyakatho kukhona amahlathi kaphayini. Cishe esifundeni saseSegozero, kunomngcele phakathi kwamahlathi asenyakatho naphakathi ne-taiga.Lapha kuqala umucu wehlathi, lapho ukhula nesihluma sikhula kuxutshaniswa. Ukusondela emaphethelweni aseningizimu yeKarelia, amahlathi aqhakaza kakhudlwana ahlangana nalawo ahlanganisiwe.
Ama-conifers, i-spruce ne-pine ejwayelekile kuvame kakhulu. Entshonalanga, amaphayini aseFinland avame ukutholakala. Ethini elihlanganisiwe lamahlathi, ama-birch, alder, aspen, ama-linden, ama-elm ne-maple akhula.
Ihlosi elingaphansi lamahlathi lakhiwa izihlahla eziningi. Lapho izihlahla zikaphayini zikhula khona, kukhona izihlahla ezimbalwa. Ukusondela ngaseningizimu, kutholakala iziqu ezingaphezulu zama-lingonberry namafu, ama-blueberries nama-blueberries, i-rosemary yasendle kanye nezwe lasexhaphozini.
Eduze kwamachibi, umhlabathi umbozwe ama-mosses ama-grey kanye nama-lichens. Kulula ukuthola i-heather ne-moss lapha.
Futhi amahlathi kaKarelian angumbuso wamakhowe. Iningi liqoqa i-boletus ne-boletus. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, amakhowe we-porcini, ibhotela, amakhowe nama chanterelles atholakala kakhulu.
Umhlaba wezilwane kaKarelia
Izidalwa zikaKarelia zicebile futhi zihlukile. Zonke izilwane ezihlala ngokwesiko i-taiga zitholakala lapha. Kodwa ubuntu beRiphabhulikhi yaseKarelian futhi ukuthi kunezindawo eziningi zokugcina. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunabameleli abaningi kakhulu be-North Sea abamele umbuso wezilwane kunanoma iliphi elinye ikona leRussia.
Kwezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo emahlathini aseKarelian ungathola i-lynx, ibhele elinsundu, impisi nebheji. Sekuyisikhathi eside ama-hare-hares ayizisulu zokuhaha kwabazingeli bendawo. Inqwaba yama-beaver nama-squirrel. Ama-muskrats, ama-otter, ama-martens nama-mink aseYurophu akhethe imifula namachibi. Futhi oLwandle Olumhlophe kanye neLake Onega bathola izimpawu.
Izidalwa zezifunda zaseningizimu zihlukile ngandlela-thile ezisenyakatho. Ama-boose ama-moose nezasendle, izinja ze-raccoon kanye ne-mink yaseCanada zihlala eningizimu.
Umhlaba wezinyoni nawo uhlukile. Okumelwe kakhulu ngumndeni wama-passerines. Enyakatho kukhona umdlalo omningi we-upland: i-grouse, i-grouse emnyama, i-hazel grouse ne-partridge emhlophe. Izinyoni zezinyamazane, izingesi, izikhova eziningi, izinkozi zegolide nezinyoni kubalulekile.
I-waterfowl kaKarelia ukuziqhenya kwayo. Amadada nezilo kuzinza emachibini, kanti amathuna asolwandle nezinkozi, ezibalulekile ngenxa yaphansi, zikhethe ugu lolwandle. Futhi abagwedli bahlala ezinqwini.
Izinhlanzi zakwaKarelian zingahlukaniswa ngombandela ngezigaba ezintathu:
• ukufuduka (i-whitefish, i-salmon, i-salmon, i-smelt),
• ichibi nomfula (i-pike, i-roach, i-perch, i-burbot, i-ruff, eningizimu - i-zander, i-grey ne-trout yomfula),
• kanye nemanzini (i-herring, ikhodi kanye ne-flounder).
Ubuningi bezidumbu zamanzi kwaholela enanini elikhulu lezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinambuzane. Kuzo zonke izinyoka ezitholakala kuKarelia, eziyingozi kakhulu yinyoka ejwayelekile. Futhi kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ukuhamba ngezinyawo ehlathini kanye nepikinic kusibekelwe ngamafu omiyane, izimpungushe zamahhashi kanye nemiphondo. Eningizimu, ngendlela, imikhaza iyingozi enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngoMeyi-Juni.
Izitshalo nezilwane zikaKarelia
Izilwane zaseKarelia zakhiwe kamuva nje - ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuba iqhwa libuyile ebusweni bayo. Kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 - 15 edlule. Lapho amanzi asesithombeni saseBaltic-White Sea ancipha, kancane kancane isimo seKarelia saqala ukuhlalwa ngabamele bomhlaba wezitshalo. Lezi ikakhulukazi zaziyizitshalo ze-tundra ne-bush-tundra.
Ngemuva kokuthuthuka kwesembozo sezimila njengesizinda sokudla, kwavela izilwane, izinyoni nezinambuzane kuKarelia. Kakhulu lezi yizinhlobo ezivela e-Arctic. Ngobuningi, ungatholana nabamele izilwane zasolwandle, ichibi kanye nezimbambo: izilwane zasolwandle, amalogi, amahansi, amadada, amabala, ama-reindeer, ama-lemmings, izimpungushe zase-arctic nabanye.
Njengamanje, imvelo kaKarelia iyabusisa ubukhona be
izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-370 zama-vertebrates kuphela. Kulezi, izilwane ezincelisayo zakha izinhlobo ezingama-63, izinyoni - ezingama-252, ezihuquzelayo - 5, ama-amphibians - 5, izinhlanzi - izinhlobo ezingama-53.
Ngenxa yesimo sayo nesimo sezulu, izilwane zaseKarelia ikakhulukazi zimelelwa izilwane zasehlathini. Ezilwaneni zalesi sifunda, amakhono okuzivumelanisa nezimo zezimo ezahlukahlukene abonakala kahle. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zomhlaba (izimpisi, umhlume, ama hares ...), ezinye ezingaphansi komhlaba (ama-moles), ama-Woody wesithathu (ama-squirrels).Kukhona nezilwane eziningi eziholela kuma-semi-aquatic (muskrat, mink) nempilo yasemanzini (uphawu, ulwandle hare).
Amatshe kaKarelian.
Izimangaliso ezi-4 zemvelo kaKarelia
Impophoma yeKivach - Enye yezinto ezaziwa kakhulu zikaKarelia. Izivakashi zihlala zivakashela le ndawo ukuze zibone ukugeleza kwamanzi okuphefumulayo futhi bezwe umsindo wazo omangalisayo. Eduze komfula wamanzi kukhona i-Kivach Nature Reserve, ukuze ukwazi ukujabulela imvelo enhle yobuntombi. Inganekwane kaKarelian ngemvelaphi kaKivach ithi lapho kwakukhona khona imifula emibili kadade - uSuna noShuya. Bebehlala bengahlukani, kepha kwathi uma bekhathele, uSuna wavumela udadewabo walala. Esukuma, uthole ukuthi uShuya wayesekade ekude, ngakho uSuna waphuthuma walandela udadewabo. Impophoma yaseKivach yenzeka kulezo zindawo lapho iSuna yachitha khona amatshe.
Impophoma yeKivach.
AmaShuya Rocks - Le indawo enhle yabathandi bangaphandle! Amawa weShuya adume kakhulu phakathi kwama-ascor emazinga ahlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndawo yaziwa ngemvelo yayo ethokomayo! Indlela eya emadwaleni idlula ehlathini elihle. Ukuhamba lapho uhamba khona, ungabona izimpawu zomgwaqo eziningi nezindawo lapho abanye benyuka khona. Le ndawo ilungiselelwe kahle izivakashi. Uma uthanda uhambo lwasehlathini, umoya omusha, imvelo enhle nemidlalo esebenzayo, ama-shuya cliffs azoba ukukhetha okuhle kuwe!
Mount Sampo. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane zikaKarelian-French, iSampo iyinto yomlingo enikeza abantu injabulo. Emlandweni odumile we-epic u- "Kalevala" Sampo wethulwa njengombila okhiqiza isinkwa esiningi, igolide nosawoti njengoba kwanele kubo bonke abantu. INtaba Sampo yaqanjwa ngaleli mill yemilingo. Wathola leli gama ngeminyaka yama-1960s, lapho ifilimu laseSoviet-eFinland iSampo lidutshulwa entabeni. Lapha ungabona izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zentaba: ihlathi eliphefumulayo neLake Konchozero, elilungele abadobi. INtaba Sampo yinhle kakhulu entwasahlobo lapho iminduze yesigodi iqhuma.
Isigodi saseHare. USergey Gapanovich, umlobi wale projekthi, ubesebenzise ukubaza ngamatshe iminyaka eminingi. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, weza nomqondo ongajwayelekile kakhulu wento yobuciko engenazo izifaniso emhlabeni. Ifuna ukungqongqoza inkulungwane yama hares edwaleni eduze komgwaqo omkhulu waseKola. Noma ngubani angakhetha unogwaja wamatshe futhi abe ngumnikazi wawo, ashiye umkhondo ongapheli kwisiko likaKarelian. USergey ubiza le phrojekthi ngokuthi "amaPetroglyphs wekhulu lama-21". Uqinisekile ukuthi iSigodi Sama-Rabbits sizoba yinto yamagugu amasiko kaKarelia kanye neRussia.
Isigodi Sama-Hares.
Njengoba ubona, imvelo kaKarelia inokuningi ukunikeza izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba, noma ngabe zithanda ini - iholide lokuphumula, ezemidlalo ezisebenzayo, izinganekwane namasiko esizwe noma ubuciko besimanje obujwayelekile. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi ukuhambela uKarelia kuzoba yinto yokuphila engenakulibaleki ngokuphelele kuwe!
IGirvas Volcano Crater
Edolobhaneni elincane laseGirvas esifundeni saseKondopoga eKarelia, kukhona indawo endala kunazo zonke okusinda emhlabeni intaba-mlilo, iminyaka yayo icishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5.
Phambilini, umfula u-Suna ogcwele ugeleza lapha, kodwa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwedamu lesiteshi samandla kagesi, isiteshi sakhishwa amanzi, futhi amanzi aqala ukuvela ngendlela ehlukile, kanti manje ukugeleza kwe-petrified okusobala kubonakala ngokusobala esigodini esingenalutho. Isikhunta sentaba-mlilo ngokwaso asiveli ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, kepha ngukucindezeleka okugcwele ngamanzi.
Impophoma yeKivach
Kuhunyushwe kusuka kusiFinnish, igama le-waterfall lisho ukuthi "enamandla", "swift". Itholakala emfuleni iSuna futhi iwuphawu lwesine lwamanzi olwandle oluya e-Europe. I-Kivach iqukethe izidlwengu ezine ezinokuphakama okuphelele amamitha ayi-10,7, okuthi ukuphonsa kwamanzi ngamamitha ayi-8.
Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwesiteshi sokuphehla ugesi kule ndawo, ukuphuma kwamanzi amakhulu, okuthe ngandlela-thile kunciphise ukuheha kwamanzi. Isikhathi esihle sokuvakatshela lokhu kukhanga intwasahlobo, lapho iLanga selithola amandla, lidla amanzi ancibilikile.Ngo-1931, iKivach State Nature Reserve yasungulwa ngokuzungeza kwamanzi.
I-White Bridges Waterfall (i-Yukankoski)
Le mpophoma, etholakala emfuleni i-Kulismayoki esifundeni sasePitkäranta, ingesinye sezindawo eziphakeme futhi ezinhle kakhulu eKarelia futhi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-18 ukuphakama. Ehlobo, amanzi asemfuleni afudumala kahle, okuvumela ukubhukuda kuwo futhi ume ngaphansi kwemifudlana yamanzi egelezayo.
Ngo-1999, endaweni eseduze komfula wamanzi, kwasungulwa isikhumbuzo sendalo esimhlophe se-White Bridges, okuyindawo engamahektare angama-87,9. Ngenxa yendawo yayo ehlathini, kude nomgwaqo omkhulu, iYukankoski ayithandwa kakhulu ngabahambi.
Isiqhingi somoya omuhle
Lesi siqhingi, esiseLake Raven, asiphawulwa kunoma imephu yendawo, esivame ukubizwa ngayo nguKarelian Shambhala. Ungangena kukho ngesikhathi sokufafaza emfuleni i-Okhta bese usebenzisa kuphela izeluleko zabaqondisi.
Le ndawo iyindawo yokuhamba yezihambi futhi idume ngezindawo zayo zokupaka, indawo yokudoba enhle nezindawo ezinhle. Kodwa-ke, okuheha abantu kakhulu ngobuningi bemisebenzi yamapulangwe kulesi siqhingi - imnyuziyamu yangempela evulekile eyakhiwe izivakashi. Eminye imikhiqizo ibizwa ngeminyaka engama-70 yekhulu leminyaka edlule. Ngokwenganekwane, le ndawo kuhlalwa kuyo imimoya eqapha lesi siqhingi futhi ihlale kuyo yonke imisebenzi yezandla, iletha inhlanhla kumkhiqizi wayo.
Iziqhingi zaseSolovetsky
Lesi siqhingi, esineziziqhingi ezingaphezu kwekhulu, sihlala amakhilomitha skwele angama-347 futhi sikhulu kunazo zonke oLwandle Olumhlophe. Itholakala emnyango we-Onega Bay futhi ifakwa endaweni yokongiwa evikelwe ngokukhethekile.
Nayi iSilovetsky Monastery enamasonto amaningi, iMaritime Museum, isikhumulo sezindiza, iBotanical Garden, amalebhu wasendulo amatshe nohlelo lonke lweziteshi ongahamba ngalo ngesikebhe.
Eduze kweCape Beluga kuhlala iWhite Sea beluga whale - umkhomo omhlophe. Imvelo enhle nobuningi bezikhumbuzo zamandulo nezokwakha ziheha amaqembu amaningi okuvakasha kulezi zindawo.
I-Lake Pisanets
Lo mzimba wamanzi utholakala enkabeni yeRiphabhlikhi yaseKarelia, futhi unemvelaphi ye-tectonic - leli chibi lenziwa ngenxa yokuqhekeka kokuqothuka komhlaba, okukhonjiswa ngokusobala ngokulingana kwezimpawu zalo ogwini. Igama laleli chibi lihunyushwe ngokuthi "elide kunazo zonke" - lihlala kumamitha angama-200 ububanzi, lifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-5 ubude. Kwezinye izindawo, ukujula kudlula amamitha angama-200.
Ogwini olusenyakatho yedamu kunezindawo zokupaka izimoto, izindawo ezikahle zokudoba nokuqalisa izikebhe. Lapho uqhubekela eningizimu, ugu luba phezulu, lwakha inkangala enamadwala amade amamitha ayikhulu ngaphezu kwamanzi. Isimo sobuntombi, ukuthula nokungabikho kwezindawo eziseduzane kwenza le ndawo ihehe ikakhulukazi abathandi bodwa.
Isimo sezulu nomhlabathi
Isimo sezulu eKarelia siyahlukahluka kusuka kolwandle kuya ezwenikazi. Ebusika, amaqhwa akhanyayo neqhwa eliningi kuyabonakala. Ihlobo lifushane, limanzi, kepha alishisi. Ehlobo, ukushisa kwenzeka kuphela eningizimu yeRepublic futhi kuthatha izinsuku eziningi.
Ukulinganiselwa kwemisebe engemihle kwengaphezulu ebusika kungenxa yobusuku be-polar ezifundeni ezisenyakatho nokuphakama okungenamsoco kwelanga ngaphezu komkhathi ezingxenyeni eziphakathi neziseningizimu. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, amahora okukhanya enyakatho agcina usuku (isikhathi “sobusuku obumhlophe” sifika), futhi eningizimu, usuku luhlala amahora angama-19 kuya kwangama-19.
Ukwakheka kwesimo sezulu kuthonywa kakhulu ukusondela e-Arctic Ocean nase-Atlantic. Isimo sezulu asizinzile, kunezinguquko ezibukhali zesimo sezulu.
Umdwebo 1. Imvelo ejwayelekile yeKarelian. Author24 - Ukushintshaniswa online kwemisebenzi yezitshudeni
Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka republic lisuka ku-0 liye ku- +3 ºС. Amazinga okushisa aphakathi nobusika yi-12ºС, futhi ehlobo + 17ºС. Isikhathi esingenasithwathwa eqhweni enyakatho-ntshonalanga siyizinsuku ezingama-80-90, futhi esifundeni saseLadoga nasePrionezhie yizinsuku ezingama-120-130.
Kuwo wonke unyaka, isembozo esibalulekile samafu kanye nenani elikhulu lezimvula ziyabonakala. Imvula ejwayelekile yonyaka isukela ku-450-550 mm (enyakatho) iye ku-600-700 mm (eningizimu). Ukuqothuka kugqama ehlobo futhi kuvame kakhulu kunesivunguvungu.
Izinqubo zokwakheka kwenhlabathi zithonywe kakhulu yizimo eziphezulu, isimo sezulu kanye nezinto eziphilayo. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kwenzeka esimweni sezulu esibandayo nesinomswakama ngaphansi kwamahlathi amakhulu.
Izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba ezimbili zihlukaniswa eKarelia (umngcele phakathi kwazo ucishe uhlangane ngokuphelele nomngcele wesifunda esenyakatho ne-taiga kanye ne-mid-taiga ekhula ngaphansi kwamahlathi):
- Indawo engasenyakatho. Isisekelo senhlabathi sifanekiselwa ukucwazimula kweqhwa, ama-coarse ekwakhiweni kwemishini futhi anobuhlakani obukhulu. Ama-podzols aphansi-aphakathi nendawo. I-Swamp-podzolic nenhlabathi ye-peat-bog yande.
- Indawo engaseningizimu. Inhlabathi yokwakheka okuhlukile kwemishini yakhiwa kwi-moraine deposits - kusuka ezinhlanzini kuya ku-clays (sandy and sandy loamy, low-power podzols with a glandular Horon). Ezingxenyeni eziphansi zensimu, inhlabathi yokwakheka kobunzima yande: peat-podzolic, gley-podzolic, peat-bog, peat-podzolic-gley.
Ulwandle Olumhlophe
Lolu lwandle olungaphakathi kolwandle, olusenyakatho nengxenye yeYurophu yaseRussia, lungezindawo ezingaphansi kolwandle i-Arctic futhi lunendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-90. Ngenxa yamanzi abandayo ngisho nangesikhathi sasehlobo (kuze kufike ema-degree angama-20), akukuningi ukugeleza kwezivakashi olwandle Olumhlophe, futhi imvelo ezindaweni eziningi isalokhu ingakakhulunywa.
Ama-Blueberries kanye namakhowe akhula kakhulu eziqhingini ezisogwini lolwandle, emanzini ungabona i-jellyfish, inhlanzi, izihlambi kanye nama-belugas. Umbono oyingqayizivele usolwandle ngemuva komoya ophansi - ugcwele izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo.
Imithombo yemvelo
Ukulondolozwa okubalulekile kwemithombo yemvelo yeKarelia kufaka phakathi:
Imithombo yamanzi. Umphezulu wamanzi uhlala ku-25% yensimu. Amanzi angaphakathi ezweni angaphansi kwezigodi ze-Baltic and White Seas. ECalelia, kunemifula eyizinkulungwane ezingama-27 yobude obuhlukahlukene namachibi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Ubude bamanzi bungamakhilomitha ayi-83 000. Imifula ebaluleke kakhulu ifaka phakathi: iVodla, Vyg, Kem, Kovda, Shuya, Suna. Amachibi amakhulu kakhulu yiLadoga ne-Onega. I-White Sea-Baltic Canal idlula eRepublic. Ensimini, kudalwe ngaphezulu kwama-10 wemali ebekwe ngaphansi komhlaba yenani lokuphuza eliyikhaya.
Imithombo yehlathi. Amahlathi amboza ngaphezu kwe-49% yayo yonke insimu republic. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezihlahla ziyi-spruce nephayini. Izindawo zesikhwama sehlathi zihlukaniswe zokuzijabulisa nezokuvikela. Emahlathini engxenye ye-European-Ural ye-taiga, izinkuni zisezingeni eliphezulu.
Imithombo yezimbiwa kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa. Emathunjini ase republic athola amaminerali ahlukene angaphezu kwe-50. Cishe izinkambu ezahlukene ezingama-400 sezakhiwe. Phakathi kwamaminerali atholakele: i-iron ore, i-vanadium, i-titanium, i-molybdenum, amadayimane, izinsimbi eziwusizo, ama-apatite-carbonate ores, i-mica, izinto zokugcoba ze-ceramic (i-spar, pegmatites), i-alkaline amphibole asbestos, izinto zokwakha (imabula, i-granites, diabases). Cishe zingama-400 imali ebekiwe esetshenzisiwe.
Izinsizakusebenza zokuzijabulisa. Imvelo enhle kaKarelia, isimo sezulu esishisayo nomoya ovulekile we-Crystal kufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezahlukene zezokuvakasha: ezemidlalo, ezemvelo, ezisebenzayo, amasiko, ezemfundo kanye nezasemakhaya. Izindawo ezihamba phambili zabavakashi zingasenyakatho. Amawa emifula ayathandwa: Kem, Shuya, Ileksa, Pongoma, Vodla nabanye. Kunconywe izindawo zokuphumula zamaholide: Amachibi ase-Onega naseLadoga, iziqhingi zaseKizhi, iValaam, iSolovki, iKostomuksha neKivach imvelo, Kivakkakoski, Izimpophoma zaseMiantukoski, Amabhuloho Amhlophe, iKumi, umfula ophansi I-Vyg, iziqhingi zaseJerpin Pudas, iShoyrukshin, iBig Malinin (imidwebo yedwala).
Imithombo yemvelo. Inani elikhulu lama-cranberry, ama-lingonberry, ama-Cloudberry, ama-blueberries namanye amajikijolo kuvunwa eKarelia minyaka yonke. Ukuphathwa kwamakhowe ezimboni kunamandla amakhulu. Izitshalo eziningi zemithi zikhula republic.
ILake Ladoga (Ladoga)
Itholakala eKarelia kanye naseLeningrad Region futhi iyindawo yokugcina amanzi enkulukazi eYurophu - ubude baleli chibi bungama-219 kanti ububanzi obukhulu ngamakhilomitha angama-138. Ugu olusenyakatho luphezulu futhi lunamadwala, lunama-bays amaningi, ama-peninsulas, iziqhingi ezinkulu nezincane, ugu oluseningizimu alunamuntu, olunenqwaba yamadwala.
Ngapha eLadoga kunenqwaba yezindawo zokuhlala, amachweba kanye nezindawo zokuzithokozisa, imikhumbi eminingana ihamba ngaphansi kwamanzi. Phansi kwechibi, kwatholakala imidwebo eminingi engokomlando yemikhuba ehlukahlukene, futhi manje lezi zindawo ziyathandwa phakathi kwabathandi bokumba. Futhi, izimangaliso nama-brontid zenzeka lapha - ukuqhuma okuvela echibini, kuhambisane nokubila kwamanzi noma ukuvela okuncane komhlaba.
Izimbali nezilwane
Amahlathi amakhulu eKarelia yiTaiga. Izihlahla zeBirch ezinenhlabathi ze-podzolic nazo zibanzi.
Izindawo ezinkulu zihlala ama-peat bogs anezimila ezimile, kufaka phakathi i-heather, i-willow, i-birch, i-blueberry, njll.
Isitshalo sikaKarelia esine-barty birch, ngokuqina esiqwini nokhuni olufana nemabula kulesi sigaba. I-Karelian birch ibaluleke njengento yokuhlobisa ingaphakathi, impahla yemikhiqizo yobuciko nokukhiqiza ifenisha.
Izitshalo ezibalulekile zikhula emapaki kazwelonke nasezigcinweni. Ngakho-ke endaweni yokugcina yaseKostomukshinsky ungathola i-Dortman lobelia ebhalwe ku-Red Book.
Isilo esikhulu sikaKarelia yizilwane zasehlathini. Izakhamizi eziyinhloko zamahlathi: ama-squirrels nezinyoni zasehlathini: i-capercaillie, i-hazel grouse, i-grouse emnyama. Izimpisi, izimpungushe, amabhere acishe anyamalala.
Ezindalini naseziqiwini zezwe ungazithola: ama-reindeer, ama-moose, ama-vole abomvu, alinganayo futhi anomugqa omncane, umqubuko wepayini, i-Ferret emnyama, i-mink, i-otter, njll.
Amanzi amaningi asogwini nawamanzi: amahansi, amadada, amaswidi.
ILake Onega (Onego)
Leli chibi libizwa ngokuthi udadewabo omncane weLadoga enkulu - iyidamu lesibili elikhulu lamanzi ahlanzekile eYurophu. I-Onego ineziqhingi ezingaphezu kuka-1,500 ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, amachweba amaningi kanye nama-marinas asemabhange, kanti i-Onega Sailing Regatta ibanjwa minyaka yonke.
Amanzi echibini elihlanzekile futhi abonga ngokusobala amaminerali we-shungite, empeleni anephansi. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, kune-mollusk ye-bivalve ekhulisa amabhola weparele lamapharele egobolondweni layo.
Amahlathi eTaiga acebile ngamakhowe namajikijolo, ubuhle bemvelo yasenyakatho, inani elikhulu lesikhumbuzo sezomlando, izakhiwo, kanye nelesiko lidonsela izivakashi eziningi kulezi zindawo.
I-Onega Petroglyphs
Ogwini olusempumalanga yeLake Onega esifundeni sasePudozhsky saseKarelia, kukhona imidwebo yasendulo emhumeni kusukela eminyakeni yesine nethathu yeminyaka BC. Aqoqiwe ngamaqembu ahlukene angama-24 futhi amboza isayithi elingamakhilomitha angama-20; ngaphezu kwengxenye yamapilisi atholwe emaphethelweni ePeri Nos, Besov Nos naseKladovets.
Sekukonke, kwakhiwa izithombe nezibonakaliso ezingaba ngu-1 100 emadwaleni, ikakhulukazi imidwebo yezinyoni (ikakhulukazi izingulule), izilwane zasehlathini, abantu nezikebhe. Amasayizi wamanye ama-petroglyphs afinyelela kumamitha ama-4.
Phakathi kwezibalo ezingaqondakali kukhona imfihlakalo engunxantathu "idemoni, ikatfish (i-burbot) ne-otter (i-lizard)." Ukunciphisa lobu bubi, cishe ngekhulu le-15, izindela zeMurom Holy Assidence Monastery zaxosha isiphambano sobuKristu phezu kwesithombe.
Kinerma Village
Igama lale ndawo yakudala yaseKarelian, elahlekile esifundeni sasePryazhinsky, lihunyushwa ngokuthi "umhlaba oligugu". Le ndawo yokuhlala, eyasungulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-400 edlule, inezindlu ezingaba yishumi nambili, ingxenye yazo eyizikhumbuzo zesakhiwo. Lezi zakhiwo zitholakala isiyingi maphakathi nendawo okuyi-mama kaSmolensk Umama kaNkulunkulu namathuna amadala.
Muva nje, ikusasa lomzana belingabaza, umuntu oyedwa kuphela owayehlala lapha unomphela. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemizamo yabahlali bendawo, kungenzeka ukuthi kubuyiswe izakhiwo, kuqale impilo, futhi ihehe izivakashi.Ukuze kulondolozwe ukubukeka okungokomlando, iKinerma ibonwa njengesikhumbuzo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokwakhiwa kwezingodo zabantu baseKarelian Livviks. Ubuye wawina umncintiswano othi "Idolobhana Elidlula Zonke eRussia".
Imyuziyam-Reserve "Kizhi"
Ingxenye eyinhloko yalomnyuziyamu oyingqayizivele ovulekileyo isesiqhingini saseKizhi eLake Onega. Inhliziyo yomhlangano yi-Kizhi Pogost ensemble, ehlanganisa inhloko yama-22 yesonto leTransfiguration Church, iBandla Elincane le-Intercession kanye ne-belfry ukuhlanganisa kwabo, manje inkimbinkimbi ifakiwe kuLuhlu lwamagugu omhlaba lwe-UNESCO.
Imnyuziyamu ihlala igcwaliswa kabusha ngamakhemikhali, izindlu, izithonjana, izinto zasendlini, izakhiwo zamapulazi ezilethwe emadolobhaneni aseKarelian, iRussia neVeps, futhi inezindawo eziningi zomlando zeZaonezhie nePetrozavodsk.
Isonto Lokucabanga
Isonto le-Assume of the Happy Girl uMariya lisisedolobheni laseKondopoga, ogwini lweLake Onega. Leli bandla lakhiwa ngonyaka we-1774 bekhumbula abampofu abashona ngesikhathi kuqhubeka umbhikisho waseKizhi (1769-1771).
Ngenxa yokuphakama kwamamitha angama-42, laba yisonto elide kakhulu lokhuni eKarelia. Ingaphakathi ligcinwe kuze kube namuhla futhi ukuthobeka kwalo kuqhathaniswa namathempeli anamuhla acebile.
Ukuvakashela i-Assume Church akufakiwe kuhlu lwemizila ebophezelekile; akukho ukungena kwezivakashi lapha, kepha abashadikazi abasanda kushada bashada kanti nabasekhaya babhabhadisa izingane zabo. Kufanelekile ukuza lapha ngobuhle obuzungezile nomoya okhethekile wale ndawo.
Uhlobo lukaKarelia: isimo sezulu
I-republic itholakala enyakatho eduze nezidumbu zamanzi amakhulu (Ulwandle iBarents, uLwandle Olumhlophe, Ulwandle iBaltic). Umakhelwane onjalo wasindisa uKarelia ezinguquko ezingazelelwe zokushisa, wenza isimo sezulu kuleyo ndawo saba mnene, futhi wanikeza republic imvula eyanele phakathi nonyaka. Ubusika bukhulu ngaphandle kwamaqhwa anzima, futhi ihlobo lifudumele ngokulingana. Ngasikhathi sinye, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi izimo zezulu zizinzile. Isimo sezulu sishintsha kaningi ngokwanele. Noma kungekho lifu elilodwa esibhakabhakeni ekuseni nelanga likhanya kahle, lokhu akusho ukuthi ngemuva kwamahora amathathu noma amane imvula enkulu ngeke iqale.
Uhlobo lukaKarelia: izitshalo nezilwane
Amahlathi amaConiferous akhula iningi republic. Iphine linqoba enyakatho yeKarelia, futhi amahlathi esihlahla sonwele ayenamandla eningizimu. Futhi, izihlahla eziqinile zivela eningizimu. Abamele abaphambili: i-elm, i-birch, i-ash, i-linden. Phakathi kwabo bonke abamele izimbali zikaKarelia, uKirlian birch uhlala endaweni ehlonishwayo. Wathola ukuthandwa kwakhe ngokubonga ngokhuni oluqinile, olwehlukaniswa yiphethini elingajwayelekile. Njengoba wazi, azikho izindandatho zonyaka ezigawulweni zomuthi. Imicu yezinkuni ihlelwe ngokungahleliwe ukuze yakhe iphethini eyingqayizivele. Imikhiqizo evela kuKarelian birch yayaziswa ngamakhosi nabantu abavamile.
Amapayipi eKarelia atholakala kuzo zombili izindawo ezinomhlabathi onesihlabathi, nasezindaweni eziswakeme nezinezintaba. Kuyamangaza ukuthi izihlahla ezinkulu kangaka zingakhula cishe ematsheni angenalutho, futhi izimpande zazo zisonga ngezakhiwo zazo zonke izinhlangothi. Isendlalelo esisetshenziselwe bona i-lichen, esivulwe ngamabanga wezintaba. Ngokwezindaba zabahlali bendawo, kungakuzo izihlahla zikaphayini lapho amakhowe amaningi e-porcini akhula. Izihlahla zeSpruce zikhula ikakhulu ngasogwini lwemifula namachibi. Ngamagama wamaphesenti, zi-oda lobukhulu elincane kunamapayini.
Esinye isici sezwe laseKarelian zingamachibi. Bahlala cishe ingxenye yesithathu yensimu. Umhlaba wezitshalo uvamile ukubhukuda - ama-mosses, umhlanga, amahashe amahhashi, izihlahlana zeblue, amajikijolo efu.
Abamele izwe lezilwane likaKarelia amabhere, izindunduma, izimpisi, izidleke, izingwejeje. Bonke labo abahlala e-taiga. Uma wehlela eningizimu ye-republic, khona-ke izingulube zasendle, ama-moose, izinja ze-raccoon bazozijoyina. Esifundeni saseKarelian kunamachibi amaningi nemifula, lapho kuhlala khona izilwane ezihlukile. Ngingathanda kakhulu ukugqamisa isisulu esihlala eLake Ladoga kuphela - uphawu lwentambo yeLadoga. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuzingela okungekho emthethweni, inani labantu besilwane esingajwayelekile liyancipha minyaka yonke.Kunezinhlanzi eziningi emifuleni nase echibini lamariphabhulikhi: ukusuka ku-roach kuya ku-trout kanye ne-flounder (olwandle). Futhi, amahlathi nezindawo zokubhukuda zedephoyini zigcwele kakhulu izinambuzane ezikhipha igazi. Lesi yisimo esinzima kodwa esihle sikaKarelia.
Isimo sezulu kuKarelia
Iningi leKarelia litholakala endaweni yesimo sezulu esipholilekazi esinezakhi zasolwandle. Ubusika, noma buhlala isikhathi eside, kepha isithwathwa esinzima asivamile lapha. Ubusika buhlala buncane ngeqhwa eliningi. Intwasahlobo, nazo zonke izintelezi zayo njengohlobo lweqhwa elincibilikayo, izihlahla eziqhakazayo kanye nokwanda kwamahora okukhanya kosuku, kwenzeka kuphela phakathi no-Ephreli. Kodwa kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi, amathuba okubuya kwama-frost ahlala.
Ihlobo eKarelia lifushane futhi lipholile. In iningi lendawo, isimo sezulu sasehlobo siqala kuphela maphakathi noJulayi. Ukushisa akuvamile ukukhuphuka ngenhla kwe + 20ºC. Kepha vele ekupheleni kuka-Agasti isimo sezulu sekwindla siyazwakala: isibhakabhaka esigcwele, izimvula ezinamandla nomoya obandayo.
Isimo sezulu esingazinzile futhi esingacabangi kakhulu sikhona ogwini lolwandle kanye nasesifundeni samachibi aseLadoga nase-Onega. Izivunguvungu ezivame ukuvela zivela entshonalanga. Isimo sezulu sivame ukugcwala kakhulu, sinomoya ovunguza njalo kanye nemvula enkulu. Ogwini lolwandle i-White Sea, kuphawulwa amafu aphakeme kunazo zonke ezweni lonke.
Amachibi, imifula nezimpophoma
Shono igama lesibili leziphathamandla izwe lamachibi. Ensimini yeKarelia, kunamachibi angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-60. Lokhu kubizwa kwefa elivela kusikhathi seqhwa. Isimo sengqondo sokucophelela sabantu bendawo kwizindawo zokugcina sesikwenzile ukuthi sikwazi ukugcina ubumsulwa abacishe bucwengeke bamachibi. Amachibi aseMonga naseLadoga abonwa njengamachibi amakhulu kunamanzi amhlophe eYurophu.
I-republic igcwele futhi emifuleni. Kukhona cishe abayizinkulungwane ezingama-27 babo esifundeni. Imifula eminingi ayide futhi ayinqunyelwe kumakhilomitha ayi-10. Kepha eRiphabhulikhi kunemifula edlula amakhilomitha ayi-100 ubude. Ezinde kunazo zonke nguSuna, uShuya, uVyg, u-Olonka, noKem.
Kunezimpophoma ezingaphezu kwekhulu kuKarelia. Okudume kakhulu i-Kivach waterfall. Izinkulungwane zabavakashi zifikelwa ukujabulela ubuhle bendalo yemvelo. Ngisho nembongi enkulu uDerzhavin G.R. yathatha ubuhle bempophoma esevesini. Abamele umndeni wakwaRomanov beza lapha ukuzothokozela ubuhle nomsindo wokuwa kwamanzi.
Volcano Girvas
Sizungezwe ihlathi le-coniferous, eliseduze naseMfuleni iSuna, kunesikhumbuzo sendawo - iGirvas Volcano. Manje sekushabalele, kepha eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu edlule, kwaqubuka umhubhe kusuka ekuphekeni kwawo. Izazi zokuma komhlaba zaqala ukuyibona maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka lokugcina ngenkathi kwakhiwa isiteshi samandla kagesi ePaleozersky. Isikhathi besingenankinga nentaba-mlilo, futhi namuhla kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izinhlaka zayo. Manje noma yimuphi isivakashi uzokwazi ukuthinta ukwakheka komhlaba okwakudala kakhulu ngezandla zawo. Eduze nentaba-mlilo, futhi kuyindawo eyaziwa njengeyirephabhulikhi - impophoma yaseGirvas.