I-gecko emnandi enamahlamvu noma i-gecko kaSathane (lat * Ama-vertebrates

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Emahlathini emvula aseMadagascar, kunohlobo olulodwa olungavamile kakhulu lwe-gecko. Kunzima impela ukubazi, ngoba ukwakheka komzimba, ukwakheka kwesikhumba nombala wazo kuyafana namaqabunga owomile noma awileyo - indawo yabo yemvelo.

I-“gecko” enesigaxa esimnyama noma i-satanic gecko (ngesi-Latin Uroplatus phantasticus) (i-gecko yesiNgisi kaSathane)

Abanye babo basengakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngamehlo amakhulu abomvu, lawo ma-geckos abizwa ngawo ngokuthi "amahle" noma "osathane". Zingezinhlobo zohlobo lweFlat-tailed geckos, ezibandakanya izinhlobo eziyi-9. I-satanic gecko ihlala enyakatho nasenkabeni yesiqhingi saseMadagascar, endaweni engaba ngu-500 km 2.

Njengoba kunikezwe ubude bomzimba ngaphandle komsila, i-gecko emnandi enamaqabunga angummeleli omncane wohlobo lwayo. Abantu abadala bafinyelela kubude bamasentimitha angama-9-14, iningi lawo liqalwa ngumsila omude nobanzi, obukeka kakhulu njengeqabunga eliwile.

Umsila weGecko

Umbala we-gecko ufezekisa lesi sithombe. Kungasukela ku-brown-brown to green, yellow or brown brown. Emadodeni, umsila oseceleni kwemiphetho uhlotshiswe ngodli nokungahambi kahle, ngenxa yawo iba njengeshidi elidala elibolile. Futhi emuva kunomdwebo ofana nemithambo yamaqabunga.

Izindawo eziphuma ngaphandle ezincane zitholakala ngaphezu kwamehlo, okunika i-gecko ukubukeka okwesabisayo. Avikela amehlo ezilwane ezihuquzelayo elangeni, abeka isithunzi kuwo. Awunayo ikhulu leminyaka lokufaka umswakama nokuvikela amehlo awo othulini, ngakho-ke asebenzisa ulimi lwawo ukuhlanza nokumanzisa amehlo abo.

Izimbali zikhipha phezu kwamehlo Ukuhlanzwa kwamehlo nokumanzi

Lama-geckos ahlala ezindaweni ezingenakhanya futhi ezingenamanzi. Ntambama bacasha phakathi kwamaqabunga awile noma esihlahleni esiphansi. Lapho kuqala ubumnyama, bayofuna ukudla, okuyingxenye yazo izinambuzane ezincane zomhlaba.

Izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2 ngalinye. Izindawo ezivikelekile ngaphansi kwezibi, amaqabunga ezitshalo noma amagxolo ziba yindawo yokwakha. Amaqanda mancane kakhulu, asayizi wepea, anogobolondo oqinile. Amaqanda acwengekile angabonakala ngemibala yawo - amhlophe, futhi angenawo umbala - ophuzi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, kuzalwa ama-geckos amancane, okumbalwa okungaphezu kwe-10 zemali.

I-gcko encane enomsila wamaqabunga

Ngokokuqala ngqa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwama-geckos alu-flat luchazwe yisazi sezemvelo saseBelgium uGeorge Albert Boulanger ngonyaka we-1888.

Zingagcinwa ekhaya, kepha ekudingisweni kuyaqabukela ukuzala, izinhlobo eziningi ezithengiswayo ezitolo zezilwane zibanjwa endle. Abantu abanjalo bavame ukutheleleka ngama-parasites noma bahlushwa ukuphuma komzimba.

Ngenxa yokubanjwa okungalawulwa, kanye nokubhujiswa okungapheli kwendawo yabo yemvelo, lezi zilwane zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa.

Ukuvela kwe-satanic gecko

Ku-gecko emnandi enethayela, umsila ufana kakhulu neqabunga eliwile. Imibala yomzimba ingaba mpunga-nsundu, luhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, owolintshi noma ama-clove. Kukhona abantu abanamehlo amakhulu abomvu, ama-geckos lawo abizwa ngawo ngokuthi "amaSathane" noma "angcolile."

Izitho ezihlukene zomzimba we-gecko kaSathane zihlotshiswe ngeziqu kanye nemicu ekhombisa ukufana neqabunga lesihlahla.

Umuntu omdala ufinyelela amasentimitha angu-9-14 ubude. Kuhlobo, lolu uhlobo oluncane kakhulu lwe-gecko. Umsila ubanzi futhi mude, ufinyelela ingxenye yobukhulu bomzimba.

Ngaphansi kwamehlo umucu omhlophe. Futhi ngaphezu kwamehlo kukhona ukuphuma okuncane, ngakho-ke ama-geckos abukeka kahle. Lezi ziphume zidingeka ukuvikela amehlo wesithongwane ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ngoba kukhiqizwa isithunzi emehlweni. Ama-geicos amaSathane awanayo inkulungwane, ngakho-ke kufanele asebenzise ulimi olude ukuhlanza amehlo awo othulini nasekungcoleni.

I-“gecko enhle” enomsila ecwebezelayo (Uroplatus phantasticus).

Indlela Yokuphila Eyisimanga Ye-Flat-Tailed

Lama-geckos ahlala emaqabungeni awile, ngakho-ke ngokwawo abukeka njengamaqabunga acekeceke. Izindawo abahlala kuzo zikhanya kabi yilanga.

Zidla ezinambuzaneni, ezifunwa emhlabathini. Bafuna ngenkuthalo ukudla endaweni yokulahla udoti ebusuku, kuthi phakathi nosuku amahora amaningi bahlala ngaphandle kokunyakaza okuncane, okubonisa iqabunga.

Ama-geckos angcolile angcolile ahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama futhi ezingenamanzi. Ngenxa yamehlo amakhulu, ama-geckos angabona kahle ebumnyameni futhi ngisho nasebumnyameni bahlukanisa imibala. Umbono wabo umane uyamangalisa, babona izikhathi ezingcono ezingama-350 kunabantu.

Izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2 lilinye.

Okwakha, insikazi ikhetha izindawo ezivikelekile, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphansi kwamagxolo noma ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Amaqanda mancane kakhulu ngosayizi - cishe ngobude bethanga. Zimbozwe ngegobolondo obukhulu. Amaqanda acwengekile amhlophe ngombala, kanti amaqanda angenazithelo aphuzi. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2, abantu abasha bazidonsela amaqanda, elikhudlwana khudlwana kunhlamvu lwemali oluyishumi.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwama-satanic geckos cishe yiminyaka eyi-10.

Ukuze ugcine ama-geckos angama-2 kuya kwangu-3 wamaSathane, uzodinga i-terrarium enomthamo wamalitha angaba ngu-40. Kufanele imbozwe ngesembozo se-mesh.

Ama-geckos angamadoda angakhombisi ulaka komunye nomunye, ngakho angagcinwa ndawonye.

Izitshalo ezinamandla ezinamaqabunga aqinile, isibonelo, u-bamboo, amagilebhisi, ukhokho, izithako, ama-dieffenbrachias, atshalwe ku-terrarium enama-geckos. Ukuqinisekisa umswakama ofanele ku-terrarium, amboze isigaxa esingaphansi komhlaba moss.

Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium lisuka ku-18 liye ku-24 degrees, kanye nomswakama - 75-90%. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lehliswa ngesikhathi sasemini kuya kuma-degree angama-21-23, kanti ebusuku - kuya kuma-20-16 degrees. Kathathu ngosuku, i-substrate iyanyiswa ngesibhamu sokufafaza.

Ama-geckos anomsila we-Flat athandwa ngabanikazi be-terrarium emhlabeni jikelele.

Isibani se-incandescent esivamile sisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa i-terrarium. Njengoba lezi ezihuquzelayo zingabusuku, empeleni azidingi misebe ye-ultraviolet.

Njengomugqa ongemuva kwe-terrarium enama-geckos amahle, basebenzisa ingxube ye-moss ne-peat, i-orchid mulch, i-sphagnum moss, inhlabathi engadini, njengoba lezi zingxenye zigcina umswakama kahle.

Abadala bondliwe ngamakhethini, izimpethu, amasilika, amabhu, izibungu ze-wax moth. Ngaphambi kokunikeza isinambuzane ku-gecko, iphakwa ngokudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaminerali ne-calcium. Kunikezwa izinambuzane eziningi ngokuhamba ngakunye ukuze i-gecko ikwazi ukubhekana nazo ngehora. Lezi izibankwakazi azondliwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Banikezwa ukudla kusihlwa noma ebusuku.

Njengoba ama-geckos azingela ebusuku, abondle ekudingisweni kufanele futhi abe sebumnyameni.

Ukuzalelwa ekudingisweni kwama-geckos kaSathane

Ama-geckos amangalisayo ekudingisweni azala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, njengomthetho, izidalwa ezihuquzelayo ezibanjwe emvelweni ziyathengiswa. Lababantu bavame ukuhlushwa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane nezingcindezi. Ukuthi i-lizard isesimweni esicindezelayo kuboniswa izinhlangothi zomsila oboshwe ngaphakathi. Kulokhu, ama-geckos afafazwa ngamanzi amasha noma anikezwe i-pedialitis ukuba ayiphuze. Ukusindisa i-gecko kwizinambuzane, unikezwa uPanakur.

Ebantwini abaphilile, isisu sinobukhulu, futhi izimbambo azibonakali. Onke ama-geckos athengiwe kumele ahlukaniswe yedwa izinsuku ezingama-30-60.

Abesifazane abaningi abathengiwe bakhulelwe. Ukuze zizale la ma-geckos, abesilisa abambalwa batshalwa nowesifazane oyedwa. Kuqukethwe e-terrarium yamalitha angama-75. Ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi yakhela phansi kwamagxolo noma amaqabunga.

Isikhathi sokufakwa sigcina izinsuku ezingama-60-70, kumswakama wama-80% kanye nokushisa kwama-degree angama-21- 24. I-substrate, e-moss ene-sphagnum, i-vermiculite noma amathawula wephepha, ivame ukumanzi, kepha amanzi akufanele angene emaqanda.

I-satic gecko inamandla amahle okulingisa ama-mosses namaqabunga omile neziqu zemithi.

Azikho izidakamizwa okufanele zisetshenziselwe ukubulala isikhunta. Kusinda abantu abaqinile kuphela, futhi uma i-gecko ibuthakathaka, inamathuba ambalwa kakhulu. Izinsana kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-21-22 phakathi nosuku, nama-degree angama-20-22 ebusuku.

E-terrarium, udinga ukudala indawo yokukhosela yentsha, ngoba lokhu bakubeka ngamagatsha ambalwa we-ficus anamaqabunga noma izithukuthuku. Ukudla kwama-geckos amancane angcolile anomsila kungamakhilikithi ngo-0.3 cm. Ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye, lesi sinambuzane sifafazwa nge-calcium. Okubalulekile kubantu abasha yizinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila.

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Ngifuna ukwazi konke

Kuwo wonke ama-geckos angempela, athakazelisa kakhulu futhi angajwayelekile, yi-uroplatus (lat. Uroplatus), noma i-Flat-tailed geckos. Amagama abo ojwayelekile yi-Latinization yamagama amabili esiGreek: "Oura" (ορά), okusho ukuthi "umsila" no "Platys" (πatia), okusho ukuthi "isicaba".

I-gecko yaseMadagascar ethambile (lat. I-Uroplatus phantasticus), uhlobo oluncane kunazo zonke lwezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili zama-geckos angenamaphazili, ngaphandle kwehaba, lungabizwa ngokuthi ungcweti ongenakuqhathaniswa wobuchopho.

Amandla okulingisa amaqabunga awileyo alezi zilwanyana ezihlanzekile ezihlala emahlathini asezintabeni esiqhingini saseMadagascar awunakulingana - umzimba osontekile onemithambo evelayo, umsila osicaba, ofana neqabunga elibolile noma elonakalisiwe ngamaqabunga ezinambuzane, cishe awushiyi ithuba labazingeli abafuna ukudla isidlo senyama esigcobile.

Lezi zingane zingaba oolintshi, nsundu, ziphuzi, zibomvu, kepha, ngaphandle kombala, ama-brown brown ahlala ekhona lapho enza imibala. I-gecko enhle ihlala emaqabungeni awile, ngaphansi nangaphansi kwezihlahla (kuze kufike ku-1 m ukuphakama). Bafuna ngenkuthalo ukudla endaweni yokuchitha udoti ebusuku; phakathi nosuku bangahlala amahora amaningi, behamba njengamaqabunga awileyo.

Elinye igama laleli bhungane - i-gecko kaSathane-enomsila - alikhulumi ngokubukeka nje okungajwayelekile, kodwa futhi nangokuhlukahluka kokuziphatha. Ku-arsenal yakhe kunamaqhinga amaningi obuqili, ngenxa yokuthi angaqeda kalula noma yimuphi umhlaseli. Isibonelo, ukunciphisa isithunzi esaphonswa yiwo, i-gecko kaSathane icindezelwa emhlabathini, iba isicishe sibe njenganoma iliphi iphepha elomile, futhi ukuze isabise isitha, ivula umlomo wayo kakhulu, ikhombisa umlomo obomvu okhanyayo onamazinyo abukhali. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, uma kunesidingo, i-gecko izowisa msila wayo kalula, ishiye umzingeli eyiphishekela engenalutho.

Isigcilikisha sikaHenkel sika-flat. - (Uroplatus henkeli) Ukhula aze afike ku-28 cm, okungenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zohlobo. Futhi omunye ongandile.

Umbala wesilwane uhluka kakhulu. Iningi line-beige noma liphuzi ngombala, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, abantu bacishe babe mhlophe ngemivimbo yetshokolethi. Banekhono elilinganiselwe lokushintsha umbala ngokuya ngesimo sezulu, ukuguquguquka kokushisa noma ukukhanyisa. Isigcilikisha sikaHenkel esidonswe ngendlebe sinekhanda elikhulu lesimo esingunxantathu, sinamehlo amakhulu, izinyawo, nezicubu zesikhumba emaphethelweni ekhanda nomzimba, umsila osicaba.

Amasayizi we-uroplatuses aqala kusuka kuma-30-48 cm. - lawo makhulu kuno-10-16 cm. Izilwane zichitha ingxenye enkulu yosuku zisabalale ezihlahleni zezihlahla, kwesinye isikhathi zibheke phansi, zilinganisa amagxolo esihlahleni somuthi, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezincane (U. phantasticus no-U. ebenaui) zicasha emithini eyi-ficus, zibonisa amagatsha namaqabunga alesi sitshalo. Ebusuku, bashiya izindawo zabo zokuphumula bayohamba bayofuna inyamazane - zonke izinhlobo zama -tivtivores.

Ama-geckos anemisila emincane ahlala esiqhingini saseMadagascar naseziqhingini ezincane eziseduze. Ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile, ukutsha kwamahlathi, ukubanjwa kwawo kanye nokufuduswa kuleyo ndawo yizilwane akubalulekile kangako kuholela ekunciphiseni ngokushesha kwenani labo. Futhi njengoba kunosongo lokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane, mhlawumbe kubaluleke kakhulu ukwandisa inani lezilwane ezifuywe ekudingisweni, yize ngabe yi-U. Henkel uroplatuses kuphela ezala kahle izingane ekhaya.

Le nhlobo iqanjwe ngemuva kwesazi se-herpatologist saseJalimane uFriedrich-Wilhelm Henkel. Zihlala emahlathini ashisayo enyakatho nentshonalanga yeMadagascar, zivame ukutholakala eduze komfudlana emagatsheni ezihlahla (2-6 cm ububanzi) amamitha ayi-1-2 ngaphezulu komhlaba, zehlela emhlabathini kuphela zibekele amaqanda emhlabathini. Ngobude obungu-290 mm, kubhekwa njengomunye wabamele abakhulu baleli hlobo. Umbala uhluka kakhulu. Ebusuku, umehluko wemibala phakathi kobulili ubonakala ngokucacile: abesilisa banephethini elikhanyayo ngemuva ngemuva obumnyama (ukusuka onsundu kuya komnyama). Abesifazane, kunalokho, banebala elimnyama ngemuva kwesizinda esimhlophe. Ikhanda likhulu, lithambile emhlathini ongezansi.

Kuyenzeka futhi I-Gunther's Flat-Tailed Gecko - (Uroplatus guentheri) Lama-geckos akhula aze afike ku-15 cm. Le nhlobo yaqala ukutholwa ngonyaka we-1908. Bahlala, njengomthetho, ezihlahleni eziphansi kanye nasezihlahleni, hhayi eziphakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ngaphezu komhlaba. Imibala yabo iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngemvelo, kepha ngokuvamile lokhu kuyizithunzi ezisuka kumdaka omnyama ziye kinsundu okhanyayo. Ama-camouflage amahle, awakwazi ukwahlukaniswa negatsha ahlala kulo.

Ukhiphe i-gecko enomsila ophansi - (Uroplatus lineatus) Ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-27. Kunemichilo emide eduze komzimba, amehlo anombala wombala womzimba. Ayikwazi ukwahlukaniswa yinsimbi eyomile. Isici esijabulisayo sale gecko ukuthi sishintsha umbala kuye ngeskhathi sosuku: phakathi nosuku luphuzi ngokukhanyayo ngemithende emnyama, futhi ebusuku iba nsundu ngombala ngemikhonto ende, abanye abantu bangaba nemivimbo emhlophe.

U-Ebenaui Flat-Tailed Gecko - (Uroplatus ebenaui) Lolu hlobo lungahlukahluka kusuka kokushibilika koshokolethi omnyama kuya ku-beige ekhanyayo. Amanye ama-geckos angaba bomvu, ama-burgundy noma o-orenji. Kubantu abaningi, umzimba umbozwe ngaphezulu noma kancane ngephethini le-mesh.

Lolu hlobo lwe-gecko lincane kunazo zonke futhi lukhula lube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Isici kubo ukuthi umsila uyisicaba futhi ufana nesipuni. Lapho esongelwa, amanye ama-Ebenawi geckos akhulula imilenze yawo yangaphambili egatsheni bese elenga emilenzeni yawo yangasemuva alingisa kahle amaqabunga omile.

I-Mossy isicubu esiphansi somsila - (Uroplatus sikorae) Iphakethe lokuhamba lika-moss. Emaphethelweni omzimba i-gecko inomphetho wokuphuma, leli qhinga likuvumela ukuba ukhiphe isithunzi esikhohlisayo. Isibungu sihlangana ngokuphelele namagxolo ezihlahla. Futhi, i-mossy gecko iyakwazi ukuguqula umbala wesikhumba, ivumelane ne-substrate. Lolu hlobo lukhulu impela, cm 15-20 (ngaphandle komsila).

Iningi lazo linombala osuka eduneni liye kumnyama noma omnyama onamabala ahlukahlukene alingisa amagxolo esihlahla noma i-moss.

Ama-glck-tailed geckos ayisibonelo esihle kakhulu sombala we-cryptic (ukuvikela). Futhi ngaphezulu, hhayi isikhumba sazo kuphela esinemibala nokuthungwa kwezinto ezizungezile (amahlamvu, amagxolo, okugcwele kakhulu i-moss), kodwa futhi nezitho zomzimba ngazinye zinokukhula kanye nokuphuma okuandisa ukufana nesizinda. Onke lamaqhinga asiza ukufihla izisulu zasemini.

Njengamanje, ngenxa yokwehliswa kwendawo yamahlathi ashisayo, ama-geckos anemisila ephansi atholakala emvelweni engaphansi, futhi sekuvele ingozi yokuqothulwa kwawo ngokuphelele. Kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho kokuzalela ngempumelelo ekuthunjweni kunikeza ithemba lokuthi lezi zilwane ezingavamile zizosatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokugcina amateur.

Ake ngikukhumbuze ezinye izidalwa ezimangalisayo zemvelo: ngokwesibonelo, bheka lesi simangaliso - Giant s Konach Achatina - indawo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni noma lapha I-Iguana Dragons zesimanje. Hhayi-ke, kuthiwani ngalowo onyakazayo Igazi elivela emehlweni!?

Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo

Onke ama-geckos angenasici ahola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, yingakho imvelo ibanikeze ngamehlo amakhulu, ibavumela ukuba babone futhi bahlukanise imibala ebumnyameni ngokuphelele. Lezi ezihubhayo zinamehlo amahle kakhulu, zibona ebumnyameni izikhathi ezingama-350 zingcono kunabantu. Izindawo eziphuma ngaphandle ezincane zitholakala ngaphezu kwamehlo, okunika i-gecko ukubukeka okwesabisayo. Avikela amehlo ezilwane ezihuquzelayo elangeni, abeka isithunzi kuwo. Awunayo ikhulu leminyaka lokufaka umswakama nokuvikela amehlo awo othulini, ngakho-ke asebenzisa ulimi lwawo ukuhlanza nokumanzisa amehlo abo. Lama-geckos ahlala ezindaweni ezingenakhanya futhi ezingenamanzi. I-gecko emnandi ihlala emaqabungeni awile, ngaphansi nangaphansi kwesihlahla (kufika ku-1 m ukuphakama). Idla izinambuzane ezibamba emhlabathini. Ebusuku, yena ufuna ngentshiseko ukudla endaweni yokuchitha udoti, phakathi nosuku angahlala amahora amaningi, angasebenzi njengamaqabunga awileyo.

Okwe-2-3 ama-geckos amnandi ayisicaba Uzodinga i-terrarium yengilazi enomthamo wamalitha angama-37- 40, nesembozo se-mesh. Abesilisa balolu hlobo abanalo ulaka komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke bangagcinwa ndawonye endaweni eyodwa.
Ku-terrarium, equkethe ama-geckos, kuyadingeka ukutshala izitshalo ezinamandla ngamahlamvu aminyene (ngokwesibonelo, amagilebhisi, umhlume, isihlahla sikakhokho, izitshalo zokufakelwa, i-dieffenbrachia nesithukuthuku). Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ze-bromeliad akunconywa. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama owuthandayo, i-moss ibuye ibekwe ngaphezulu kwesiqalo.

Esikhathini esifudumele, izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium ligcinwa ku-18.3-24 ° C (isilinganiso 21.1-23), umswakama 75-90%. Ebusika, umbuso wamazinga okushisa ngu-20- 21 ° C ebusuku, u-21-23 ° C phakathi nosuku.
Kathathu ngosuku, kufafazwa amanzi amasha ngaphezu kwesigaxa sezitshalo nezitshalo. Njengokukhanya sebenzisa isibani esivamile se-incandescent.
Ngoba ama-geckos amnandi anomsila oyimpepho ayizilwane ezihamba nobusuku, ngakho-ke, azidingi misebe ye-ultraviolet. Izibani ze-Repti-Glo 5.0 zilungile.

I-substrate ehlukahlukene kakhulu isetshenzisiwe (isimo esiyinhloko ukuthi kufanele igcine umswakama kahle): ingxube ye-peat ne-moss, i-sphagnum moss, i-orchid mulch, inhlabathi engadini (lapho uyisebenzisa, qiniseka ukuthi azikho izibulala-zinambuzane kuyo!).